/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cord2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes Carrel name: journal-jKoreanMedSci-cord Creating study carrel named journal-jKoreanMedSci-cord Initializing database file: cache/cord-003258-yrbo0hdk.json key: cord-003258-yrbo0hdk authors: Ha, Seok Gyun; Oh, Kyung Jin; Ko, Kwang-Pil; Sun, Yong Han; Ryoo, Eell; Tchah, Hann; Jeon, In Sang; Kim, Hyo Jeong; Ahn, Jung Min; Cho, Hye-Kyung title: Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Prolonged Macrolide, Corticosteroid, Doxycycline, and Levofloxacin against Macrolide-Unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children date: 2018-09-18 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e268 sha: doc_id: 3258 cord_uid: yrbo0hdk file: cache/cord-260310-0gkoanrg.json key: cord-260310-0gkoanrg authors: Kim, Jin Yong; Ko, Jae-Hoon; Kim, Yeonjae; Kim, Yae-Jean; Kim, Jeong-Min; Chung, Yoon-Seok; Kim, Heui Man; Han, Myung-Guk; Kim, So Yeon; Chin, Bum Sik title: Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in First Two Patients in Korea date: 2020-02-20 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e86 sha: doc_id: 260310 cord_uid: 0gkoanrg file: cache/cord-000402-unr44dvp.json key: cord-000402-unr44dvp authors: Yoo, Hyun Jung; Yoon, Sung Soo; Park, Seon Yang; Lee, Eun Young; Lee, Eun Bong; Kim, Ju Han; Song, Yeong Wook title: Gene Expression Profile during Chondrogenesis in Human Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells using a cDNA Microarray date: 2011-06-20 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.7.851 sha: doc_id: 402 cord_uid: unr44dvp file: cache/cord-011782-hz0rtgd1.json key: cord-011782-hz0rtgd1 authors: Hong, Sung-Tae; Youn, Ho Shik title: Status of Editing and Publishing of Scholarly Journals by Academic Societies of Science and Technology in Korea date: 2020-06-01 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e208 sha: doc_id: 11782 cord_uid: hz0rtgd1 file: cache/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.json key: cord-000964-ysyz3grd authors: Kim, Soo Jin; Kim, Chu Hyun; Shin, Sang Do; Lee, Seung Chul; Park, Ju Ok; Sung, Joohon title: Incidence and Mortality Rates of Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study, 2000-2009 date: 2013-05-02 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.5.658 sha: doc_id: 964 cord_uid: ysyz3grd file: cache/cord-262681-2voe4r7f.json key: cord-262681-2voe4r7f authors: Kim, Moon-Young; Cheong, Harin; Kim, Hyung-Seok title: Proposal of the Autopsy Guideline for Infectious Diseases: Preparation for the Post-COVID-19 Era (abridged translation) date: 2020-08-14 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e310 sha: doc_id: 262681 cord_uid: 2voe4r7f file: cache/cord-269885-r8molh8c.json key: cord-269885-r8molh8c authors: Jeong, Soo Young; Sung, Se In; Sung, Ji-Hee; Ahn, So Yoon; Kang, Eun-Suk; Chang, Yun Sil; Park, Won Soon; Kim, Jong-Hwa title: MERS-CoV Infection in a Pregnant Woman in Korea date: 2017-08-08 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.10.1717 sha: doc_id: 269885 cord_uid: r8molh8c file: cache/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.json key: cord-271277-z0o7bhzr authors: Lee, Jacob title: COVID-19 Screening Center: How to Balance between the Speed and Safety? date: 2020-04-16 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e157 sha: doc_id: 271277 cord_uid: z0o7bhzr file: cache/cord-284879-sjkni2uc.json key: cord-284879-sjkni2uc authors: Song, Suk-Kyoon; Lee, Duk-Hee; Nam, Jun-Ho; Kim, Kyung-Tae; Do, Jung-Suk; Kang, Dae-Won; Kim, Sang-Gyung; Cho, Myung-Rae title: IgG Seroprevalence of COVID-19 among Individuals without a History of the Coronavirus Disease Infection in Daegu, Korea date: 2020-07-16 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e269 sha: doc_id: 284879 cord_uid: sjkni2uc file: cache/cord-277144-106q6ae0.json key: cord-277144-106q6ae0 authors: Lee, Ji Yeon; Kim, Hyun Ah; Huh, Kyungmin; Hyun, Miri; Rhee, Ji-Young; Jang, Sukbin; Kim, Ji-Yeon; Peck, Kyong Ran; Chang, Hyun-Ha title: Risk Factors for Mortality and Respiratory Support in Elderly Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Korea date: 2020-06-11 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e223 sha: doc_id: 277144 cord_uid: 106q6ae0 file: cache/cord-259906-9em5tjya.json key: cord-259906-9em5tjya authors: Park, Ji Young; Han, Mi Seon; Park, Kyoung Un; Kim, Ji Young; Choi, Eun Hwa title: First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea date: 2020-03-16 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e124 sha: doc_id: 259906 cord_uid: 9em5tjya file: cache/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.json key: cord-286930-c1zkjdgf authors: Park, Won-Ju title: Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus IgG among Healthy Young Adults in Basic Training for the Republic of Korea Air Force date: 2014-09-02 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.9.1325 sha: doc_id: 286930 cord_uid: c1zkjdgf file: cache/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.json key: cord-270922-7z0n78ja authors: Lee, You Hyun; Kim, Yu Cheol; Shin, Jae Pil title: Characteristics of Ocular Manifestations of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu Province, Korea date: 2020-09-01 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e322 sha: doc_id: 270922 cord_uid: 7z0n78ja file: cache/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.json key: cord-282554-hlcgutzf authors: Yoo, Jin-Hong title: The Fight against the 2019-nCoV Outbreak: an Arduous March Has Just Begun date: 2020-01-30 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e56 sha: doc_id: 282554 cord_uid: hlcgutzf file: cache/cord-268907-cv0mkpzd.json key: cord-268907-cv0mkpzd authors: Kim, Jung Heon; Bae, Wonjun; Kim, Jiyeon; Hwang, Eung Soo title: An Urgent Need for Global Preparedness against the Reemergence of “Forgotten” Infectious Diseases in Korea date: 2018-04-04 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e125 sha: doc_id: 268907 cord_uid: cv0mkpzd file: cache/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.json key: cord-270083-gm8i9olj authors: Jang, Jong Geol; Hur, Jian; Choi, Eun Young; Hong, Kyung Soo; Lee, Wonhwa; Ahn, June Hong title: Prognostic Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu, Korea date: 2020-06-02 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e209 sha: doc_id: 270083 cord_uid: gm8i9olj file: cache/cord-283512-qly8iclf.json key: cord-283512-qly8iclf authors: Na, Ki Ryang; Kim, Hae Ri; Ham, Youngrok; Choi, Dae Eun; Lee, Kang Wook; Moon, Jae Young; Kim, Yeon-Sook; Cheon, Shinhye; Sohn, Kyung Mok; Kim, Jungok; Kim, Sungmin; Jeong, Hyeongseok; Jeon, Jae Wan title: Acute Kidney Injury and Kidney Damage in COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-07-07 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e257 sha: doc_id: 283512 cord_uid: qly8iclf file: cache/cord-289370-3n56low4.json key: cord-289370-3n56low4 authors: Kim, Hong Nyun; Lee, Jang Hoon; Park, Hun Sik; Yang, Dong Heon; Jang, Se Yong; Bae, Myung Hwan; Cho, Yongkeun; Chae, Shung Chull; Lee, Yong-Hoon title: A Case of COVID-19 with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock date: 2020-07-08 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e258 sha: doc_id: 289370 cord_uid: 3n56low4 file: cache/cord-282293-pdhjl508.json key: cord-282293-pdhjl508 authors: Park, Wan Beom; Kwon, Nak-Jung; Choe, Pyoeng Gyun; Choi, Su-Jin; Oh, Hong Sang; Lee, Sang Min; Chong, Hyonyong; Kim, Jong-Il; Song, Kyoung-Ho; Bang, Ji Hwan; Kim, Eu Suk; Kim, Hong-Bin; Park, Sang Won; Kim, Nam Joong; Oh, Myoung-don title: Isolation of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from a Patient of the 2015 Korean Outbreak date: 2016-01-14 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.2.315 sha: doc_id: 282293 cord_uid: pdhjl508 file: cache/cord-304345-efic9sqh.json key: cord-304345-efic9sqh authors: Kym, Sungmin title: Fast Screening Systems for COVID-19 date: 2020-04-14 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e153 sha: doc_id: 304345 cord_uid: efic9sqh file: cache/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.json key: cord-304526-hoybp1h6 authors: Kwon, Ki Tae; Ko, Jae-Hoon; Shin, Heejun; Sung, Minki; Kim, Jin Yong title: Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak date: 2020-03-16 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e123 sha: doc_id: 304526 cord_uid: hoybp1h6 file: cache/cord-297681-m0cckidw.json key: cord-297681-m0cckidw authors: Na, Joo-Young; Noh, Sang Jae; Choi, Min Sung; Park, Jong-Pil title: [Secondary Publication] Standard Operating Procedure for Post-mortem Inspection in a Focus on Coronavirus Disease-19: the Korean Society for Legal Medicine date: 2020-08-13 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e302 sha: doc_id: 297681 cord_uid: m0cckidw file: cache/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.json key: cord-306092-5bi2q3jj authors: Choi, Hee Joung; Kim, Yeo Hyang title: Relationship between the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Scores of Infants with Apparent Life-threatening Events date: 2015-05-13 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.6.763 sha: doc_id: 306092 cord_uid: 5bi2q3jj file: cache/cord-323326-p7vrlmrf.json key: cord-323326-p7vrlmrf authors: Min, Jinsoo; Kwon, Soon Kil; Jeong, Hye Won; Han, Joung-Ho; Kim, Yeonkook Joseph; Kang, Minseok; Kang, Gilwon title: End-stage Renal Disease and Risk of Active Tuberculosis: a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study date: 2018-12-13 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e341 sha: doc_id: 323326 cord_uid: p7vrlmrf file: cache/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.json key: cord-320022-e3ti4doi authors: Lee, Jin; Kim, Ki Hwan; Kang, Hyun Mi; Kim, Jong-Hyun title: Do We Really Need to Isolate All Children with COVID-19 in Healthcare Facilities? date: 2020-07-22 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e277 sha: doc_id: 320022 cord_uid: e3ti4doi file: cache/cord-320669-7acoduj3.json key: cord-320669-7acoduj3 authors: Park, Peong Gang; Kim, Chang Hyup; Heo, Yoon; Kim, Tae Suk; Park, Chan Woo; Kim, Choong-Hyo title: Out-of-Hospital Cohort Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Mild Symptoms in Korea: an Experience from a Single Community Treatment Center date: 2020-03-31 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e140 sha: doc_id: 320669 cord_uid: 7acoduj3 file: cache/cord-274788-oyk8js16.json key: cord-274788-oyk8js16 authors: Bae, Sanghyuk; Kim, Hwami; Jung, Tae-Young; Lim, Ji-Ae; Jo, Da-Hye; Kang, Gi-Seok; Jeong, Seung-Hee; Choi, Dong-Kwon; Kim, Hye-Jin; Cheon, Young Hee; Chun, Min-kyo; Kim, Miyoung; Choi, Siwon; Chun, Chaemin; Shin, Seung Hwan; Kim, Hee Kyoung; Park, Young Joon; Park, Ok; Kwon, Ho-Jang title: Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Outbreak at Fitness Centers in Cheonan, Korea date: 2020-08-05 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e288 sha: doc_id: 274788 cord_uid: oyk8js16 file: cache/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.json key: cord-269440-6x19xuy3 authors: Seo, Min Young; Seok, Hyeri; Hwang, Sun Jin; Choi, Hee Kyoung; Jeon, Ji Hoon; Sohn, Jang Wook; Park, Dae Won; Lee, Seung Hoon; Choi, Won Suk title: Trend of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients in a Quarantine Facility date: 2020-10-20 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e375 sha: doc_id: 269440 cord_uid: 6x19xuy3 file: cache/cord-304010-n4gxxl5i.json key: cord-304010-n4gxxl5i authors: Sung, Ho Kyung; Kim, Jin Yong; Heo, Jeonghun; Seo, Haesook; Jang, Young soo; Kim, Hyewon; Koh, Bo Ram; Jo, Neungsun; Oh, Hong Sang; Baek, Young Mi; Park, Kyung-Hwa; Shon, Jeung A; Kim, Min-Chul; Kim, Joon Ho; Chang, Hyun-Ha; Park, Yukyung; Kang, Yu Min; Lee, Dong Hyun; Oh, Dong Hyun; Park, Hyun Jung; Song, Kyoung-Ho; Lee, Eun Kyoung; Jeong, Hyeongseok; Lee, Ji Yeon; Ko, Ja-Young; Choi, Jihee; Ryu, Eun Hwa; Chung, Ki-hyun; Oh, Myoung-don title: Clinical Course and Outcomes of 3,060 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea, January–May 2020 date: 2020-07-28 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e280 sha: doc_id: 304010 cord_uid: n4gxxl5i file: cache/cord-315181-emf4i6ir.json key: cord-315181-emf4i6ir authors: Ryoo, Nayoung; Pyun, Jung-Min; Baek, Min Jae; Suh, Jeewon; Kang, Min Ju; Wang, Min Jeong; Youn, Young Chul; Yang, Dong Won; Kim, Seong Yoon; Park, Young Ho; Kim, SangYun title: Coping with Dementia in the Middle of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-27 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e383 sha: doc_id: 315181 cord_uid: emf4i6ir file: cache/cord-349646-imv0sc9y.json key: cord-349646-imv0sc9y authors: Lee, Yonghyun; Min, Pokkee; Lee, Seonggu; Kim, Shin-Woo title: Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-05-06 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e174 sha: doc_id: 349646 cord_uid: imv0sc9y file: cache/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.json key: cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 authors: Min, Kyung-Duk; Kang, Heewon; Lee, Ju-Yeun; Jeon, Seonghee; Cho, Sung-il title: Estimating the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Control in Korea date: 2020-09-01 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e321 sha: doc_id: 344969 cord_uid: q1wqfeh7 file: cache/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.json key: cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 authors: Kim, Ahreum; Choi, Minhyeok title: Factors Influencing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis among Contacts in Congregated Settings in Korea date: 2019-05-07 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e138 sha: doc_id: 285984 cord_uid: hjyqg8n5 file: cache/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.json key: cord-297965-3bdv6ady authors: Lee, Sun Young; Song, Kyoung Jun; Lim, Chun Soo; Kim, Byeong Gwan; Chai, Young Jun; Lee, Jung-Kyu; Kim, Su Hwan; Lim, Hyouk Jae title: Operation and Management of Seoul Metropolitan City Community Treatment Center for Mild Condition COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-10-12 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e367 sha: doc_id: 297965 cord_uid: 3bdv6ady file: cache/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.json key: cord-319024-11cdzkrs authors: Park, Seon-Cheol; Park, Yong Chon title: Secondary Emotional Reactions to the COVID-19 Outbreak Should Be Identified and Treated in Korea date: 2020-04-23 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e161 sha: doc_id: 319024 cord_uid: 11cdzkrs file: cache/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.json key: cord-346842-ip4i3bdk authors: Jeon, JuYeun; Kim, Hyeikyoung; Yu, Kyung-Sang title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Clinical Trials for Medical Products in Korea date: 2020-09-07 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e329 sha: doc_id: 346842 cord_uid: ip4i3bdk file: cache/cord-323656-bzefn894.json key: cord-323656-bzefn894 authors: Yoo, Jin-Hong title: Convalescent Plasma Therapy for Corona Virus Disease 2019: a Long Way to Go but Worth Trying date: 2020-04-06 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e150 sha: doc_id: 323656 cord_uid: bzefn894 file: cache/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.json key: cord-334811-l5fxswfz authors: nan title: Analysis on 54 Mortality Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea from January 19 to March 10, 2020 date: 2020-03-26 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e132 sha: doc_id: 334811 cord_uid: l5fxswfz file: cache/cord-301553-bq8h13np.json key: cord-301553-bq8h13np authors: Lee, Jaehyeon; Kim, So Yeon; Sung, Heungsup; Choe, Young June; Hong, Ki Ho title: Letter to the Editor: The Interpretation of COVID-19 Seroprevalence Study Should Be Cautious date: 2020-09-10 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e338 sha: doc_id: 301553 cord_uid: bq8h13np file: cache/cord-334284-rut6mheb.json key: cord-334284-rut6mheb authors: Kim, Harin; Park, Kee Jeong; Shin, Yong-Wook; Lee, Jung Sun; Chung, Seockhoon; Lee, Taeyeop; Kim, Min-Jae; Jung, Jiwon; Lee, Jina; Yum, Mi-Sun; Lee, Beom Hee; Koh, Kyung-Nam; Ko, Tae-Sung; Lim, Eunyoung; Lee, Jung Soo; Lee, Jee Yeon; Choi, Ji Yeon; Han, Hyo Myung; Shin, Woo Ah; Lee, Nam-Ju; Kim, Sung-Han; Kim, Hyo-Won title: Psychological Impact of Quarantine on Caregivers at a Children's Hospital for Contact with Case of COVID-19 date: 2020-07-08 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e255 sha: doc_id: 334284 cord_uid: rut6mheb file: cache/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.json key: cord-338181-9sgygg8x authors: Kim, Sun-Kyung; Kim, Eun Ok; Kim, Sung-Han; Jung, Jiwon title: Universal Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 with Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing after Rally of Trainee Doctors date: 2020-10-27 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e380 sha: doc_id: 338181 cord_uid: 9sgygg8x file: cache/cord-321748-9a54ekac.json key: cord-321748-9a54ekac authors: Kim, Sang Il; Lee, Ji Yong title: Walk-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: an Accessible and Efficient Screening System in a Pandemic Situation date: 2020-04-14 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e154 sha: doc_id: 321748 cord_uid: 9a54ekac file: cache/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.json key: cord-341933-dwki1hwu authors: Jeong, Han-Gil; Lee, Yunghee; Song, Kyoung-Ho; Hwang, In-Chang; Kim, Eu Suk; Cho, Young-Jae title: Therapeutic Temperature Modulation for a Critically Ill Patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-06-03 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e210 sha: doc_id: 341933 cord_uid: dwki1hwu file: cache/cord-344087-4f40zj13.json key: cord-344087-4f40zj13 authors: Jo, Min-Woo; Go, Dun-Sol; Kim, Rhieun; Lee, Seung Won; Ock, Minsu; Kim, Young-Eun; Oh, In-Hwan; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Park, Hyesook title: The Burden of Disease due to COVID-19 in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years date: 2020-05-26 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e199 sha: doc_id: 344087 cord_uid: 4f40zj13 file: cache/cord-349812-nw1nlc1y.json key: cord-349812-nw1nlc1y authors: Jang, Won Mo; Jang, Deok Hyun; Lee, Jin Yong title: Social Distancing and Transmission-reducing Practices during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease and 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Outbreaks in Korea date: 2020-06-09 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e220 sha: doc_id: 349812 cord_uid: nw1nlc1y file: cache/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.json key: cord-323449-r1gyjxei authors: Kim, Uh Jin; Lee, Seung Yeob; Lee, Ji Yeon; Lee, Ahrang; Kim, Seung Eun; Choi, Ok-Ja; Lee, Ji Suk; Kee, Seung-Jung; Jang, Hee-Chang title: Air and Environmental Contamination Caused by COVID-19 Patients: a Multi-Center Study date: 2020-09-08 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e332 sha: doc_id: 323449 cord_uid: r1gyjxei file: cache/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.json key: cord-344235-rd6cylsl authors: Kim, Kyung Mi; Han, Su Ha; Yoo, So Yeon; Yoo, Jin-Hong title: Potential Hazards of Concern in the Walk-Through Screening System for the Corona Virus Disease 2019 from the Perspective of Infection Preventionists date: 2020-04-14 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e156 sha: doc_id: 344235 cord_uid: rd6cylsl file: cache/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.json key: cord-336225-ijodhrwf authors: Chang, Mee Soo; Woo, Jun Hee title: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Tick-Mediated Viral Disease date: 2013-06-03 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.6.795 sha: doc_id: 336225 cord_uid: ijodhrwf file: cache/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.json key: cord-349680-rz2ep5jf authors: Lee, Jacob title: Better Understanding on MERS Corona Virus Outbreak in Korea date: 2015-06-10 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.7.835 sha: doc_id: 349680 cord_uid: rz2ep5jf file: cache/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.json key: cord-338057-ycmr9prw authors: Lee, Jae Hoon; Lee, Chang-Seop; Lee, Heung-Bum title: An Appropriate Lower Respiratory Tract Specimen Is Essential for Diagnosis of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) date: 2015-07-15 journal: J Korean Med Sci DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.8.1207 sha: doc_id: 338057 cord_uid: ycmr9prw Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named journal-jKoreanMedSci-cord parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 49. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 49. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 12604 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 12567 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 12820 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 12904 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 13033 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 13419 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 16234 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 13036 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 14088 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 13498 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 18027 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 16798 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 15523 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 17821 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 16506 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 19771 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 17987 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 18377 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271277-z0o7bhzr author: Lee, Jacob title: COVID-19 Screening Center: How to Balance between the Speed and Safety? date: 2020-04-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 21013 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282554-hlcgutzf author: Yoo, Jin-Hong title: The Fight against the 2019-nCoV Outbreak: an Arduous March Has Just Begun date: 2020-01-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270922-7z0n78ja author: Lee, You Hyun title: Characteristics of Ocular Manifestations of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu Province, Korea date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-289370-3n56low4 author: Kim, Hong Nyun title: A Case of COVID-19 with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-289370-3n56low4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-289370-3n56low4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-289370-3n56low4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-259906-9em5tjya author: Park, Ji Young title: First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea date: 2020-03-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt cache: ./cache/cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286930-c1zkjdgf author: Park, Won-Ju title: Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus IgG among Healthy Young Adults in Basic Training for the Republic of Korea Air Force date: 2014-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-270083-gm8i9olj author: Jang, Jong Geol title: Prognostic Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu, Korea date: 2020-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282293-pdhjl508 author: Park, Wan Beom title: Isolation of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from a Patient of the 2015 Korean Outbreak date: 2016-01-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320022-e3ti4doi author: Lee, Jin title: Do We Really Need to Isolate All Children with COVID-19 in Healthcare Facilities? date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-269440-6x19xuy3 author: Seo, Min Young title: Trend of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients in a Quarantine Facility date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304526-hoybp1h6 author: Kwon, Ki Tae title: Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak date: 2020-03-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306092-5bi2q3jj author: Choi, Hee Joung title: Relationship between the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Scores of Infants with Apparent Life-threatening Events date: 2015-05-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320669-7acoduj3 author: Park, Peong Gang title: Out-of-Hospital Cohort Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Mild Symptoms in Korea: an Experience from a Single Community Treatment Center date: 2020-03-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-319024-11cdzkrs author: Park, Seon-Cheol title: Secondary Emotional Reactions to the COVID-19 Outbreak Should Be Identified and Treated in Korea date: 2020-04-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000964-ysyz3grd author: Kim, Soo Jin title: Incidence and Mortality Rates of Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study, 2000-2009 date: 2013-05-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344235-rd6cylsl author: Kim, Kyung Mi title: Potential Hazards of Concern in the Walk-Through Screening System for the Corona Virus Disease 2019 from the Perspective of Infection Preventionists date: 2020-04-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301553-bq8h13np author: Lee, Jaehyeon title: Letter to the Editor: The Interpretation of COVID-19 Seroprevalence Study Should Be Cautious date: 2020-09-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349680-rz2ep5jf author: Lee, Jacob title: Better Understanding on MERS Corona Virus Outbreak in Korea date: 2015-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334284-rut6mheb author: Kim, Harin title: Psychological Impact of Quarantine on Caregivers at a Children's Hospital for Contact with Case of COVID-19 date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341933-dwki1hwu author: Jeong, Han-Gil title: Therapeutic Temperature Modulation for a Critically Ill Patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-06-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338181-9sgygg8x author: Kim, Sun-Kyung title: Universal Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 with Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing after Rally of Trainee Doctors date: 2020-10-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338057-ycmr9prw author: Lee, Jae Hoon title: An Appropriate Lower Respiratory Tract Specimen Is Essential for Diagnosis of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) date: 2015-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323449-r1gyjxei author: Kim, Uh Jin title: Air and Environmental Contamination Caused by COVID-19 Patients: a Multi-Center Study date: 2020-09-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336225-ijodhrwf author: Chang, Mee Soo title: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Tick-Mediated Viral Disease date: 2013-06-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334811-l5fxswfz author: nan title: Analysis on 54 Mortality Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea from January 19 to March 10, 2020 date: 2020-03-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346842-ip4i3bdk author: Jeon, JuYeun title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Clinical Trials for Medical Products in Korea date: 2020-09-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344087-4f40zj13 author: Jo, Min-Woo title: The Burden of Disease due to COVID-19 in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years date: 2020-05-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321748-9a54ekac author: Kim, Sang Il title: Walk-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: an Accessible and Efficient Screening System in a Pandemic Situation date: 2020-04-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 author: Min, Kyung-Duk title: Estimating the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Control in Korea date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 author: Kim, Ahreum title: Factors Influencing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis among Contacts in Congregated Settings in Korea date: 2019-05-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-297965-3bdv6ady author: Lee, Sun Young title: Operation and Management of Seoul Metropolitan City Community Treatment Center for Mild Condition COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-10-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt cache: ./cache/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt' Que is empty; done journal-jKoreanMedSci-cord === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271277-z0o7bhzr author = Lee, Jacob title = COVID-19 Screening Center: How to Balance between the Speed and Safety? date = 2020-04-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 584 sentences = 42 flesch = 59 summary = In order to minimize cross-contamination during the process of specimen collection, aprons and gloves should be worn in addition to personal protective equipment, and the apron and gloves should be changed for each patient. If the medical staff responsible for collecting samples is not sufficiently trained, cross-contamination may occur while wearing the apron and gloves. There is no way to preserve patient safety and prevent sample contamination unless the gloves fixed to the booth are changed for every patient. In order to increase the speed of sample collection at the WT screening centers, the number of booths should be increased. The closed booth WT screening center risks the possibility of cross-contamination due to fixed gloves, in addition to the ventilation issues after environmental sterilization, thus leading to the creation of an outdoor WT screening center. Gloves and aprons must be replaced for every patient.Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, various screening centers are being set up in Korea. cache = ./cache/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000964-ysyz3grd author = Kim, Soo Jin title = Incidence and Mortality Rates of Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study, 2000-2009 date = 2013-05-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4166 sentences = 187 flesch = 52 summary = We calculated the nationwide incidence, as well as the crude mortality and injury incidence rates, of disasters and MCIs. The data were collected from the administrative database of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and from provincial fire departments from January 2000 to December 2009. Disaster and MCI-related research in Korea has mostly focused on the establishment of a national disaster management system (12) , the role of disaster management agencies (13) , database (DB) building for disaster prevention (14) , and descriptive studies on post-disaster stress management (15) , post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (16) , hospital disaster (17) , incidents at mass gatherings and sporting events and building collapses (18, 19) . We aimed to calculate the incidence, mortality and overall rates of disasters and MCIs and to examine their relationship with population characteristics, using health-related indicators based on disaster/MCI database of NEMA to facilitate future compari-son of disasters and MCIs between domestic and foreign cases. cache = ./cache/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-259906-9em5tjya author = Park, Ji Young title = First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea date = 2020-03-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1966 sentences = 113 flesch = 60 summary = Because the patient closely contacted her uncle and her mother, she was screened for COVID-19, and three screening tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were all negative on day 1 and 4 since her uncle's diagnosis (February 1) and day 2 from the last exposure (February 5) to her mother. As the number of confirmed cases surges in Korea, data on pediatric patients need to be comprehensively analyzed to further describe the clinical findings and to learn the role of children in a COVID-19 pandemic. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 1014 cases cache = ./cache/cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt txt = ./txt/cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286930-c1zkjdgf author = Park, Won-Ju title = Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus IgG among Healthy Young Adults in Basic Training for the Republic of Korea Air Force date = 2014-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1576 sentences = 89 flesch = 48 summary = title: Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus IgG among Healthy Young Adults in Basic Training for the Republic of Korea Air Force Nine basic trainees belonging to the RSV IgG negative and equivocal grey zone categories were prospectively observed for any particular vulnerability to respiratory infection during the training period of two months. Recent studies revealed that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) would also be a significant pathogen that causes respiratory infection and an outbreak of febrile illness in the military (2, 3) . This study attempted to verify the seroprevalence of RSV IgG among healthy young adults in their early twenties who had just been admitted to the Korea Air Force basic training camp. In an effort to verify the increased vulnerability to respiratory infection for the RSV IgG negative or equivocal grey zone recruits during the training period, the medical records for all 570 subjects were verified in the basic training camp. cache = ./cache/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270922-7z0n78ja author = Lee, You Hyun title = Characteristics of Ocular Manifestations of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu Province, Korea date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2347 sentences = 133 flesch = 47 summary = No significant differences were determined in terms of positivity of ocular symptoms between the first-episode group (12 patients, 16.9%) and the relapsed group (10 patients, 31.3%, P > 0.05). 6 also reported conjunctivitis as an ocular finding in COVID-19 patients, demonstrating a positive correlation with higher white blood cell and neutrophil counts and higher levels of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase in Hubei, China. Blood test results indicated significantly higher values of procalcitonin, neutrophil count, monocyte count, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase in the first-episode group compared to the relapsed group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the positivity of ocular symptoms between the first-episode group (12 patients, 16 .9%) and relapsed group (10 patients, 31.3%, P = 0.18). Other factors such as age; total duration of hospitalization; gender; presence of pneumonia, diabetes, or hypertension; and other blood test results showed no significant difference between the ocular symptom-positive and -negative groups (P > 0.05). cache = ./cache/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282554-hlcgutzf author = Yoo, Jin-Hong title = The Fight against the 2019-nCoV Outbreak: an Arduous March Has Just Begun date = 2020-01-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 598 sentences = 51 flesch = 67 summary = Most coronaviruses cause only mild upper respiratory infections, but sometimes they cause fatal respiratory disease and outbreaks, as experienced in cases of SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV. This disaster has been warned until recently that new mutants of coronavirus can occur anytime. As much as the 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak, we are also learning a lot of lesson from this disaster. Because epidemic is a national disaster, not only medical institutions but also governments have to be active. Our country is excellent at coping with this disaster, thanks to the experiences that we have gained during the 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak. And this outbreak is expected to have a greater amount of transmission than the 2015 MERS-CoV. Health workers, the government, and the people will need to unite to overcome this disaster. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV) cache = ./cache/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-289370-3n56low4 author = Kim, Hong Nyun title = A Case of COVID-19 with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1857 sentences = 112 flesch = 47 summary = We herein present our first case of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with COVID-19 infection who developed AMI with cardiogenic shock during hospitalization in intensive care unit. This is the first case of a patient with COVID-19 who underwent PCI for AMI complicating cardiogenic shock. Therefore, it is necessary to closely observe and properly test ECG, cardiac enzymes, and TTE (if suspected) in patients with cardiovascular risk factors or underlying cardiovascular conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. 15, 16 However, in real-world practice, it is possible to have a significant time delay between AMI diagnosis and the actual procedure because the primary PCI of a COVID-19 patient is accompanied by the possibility of COVID-19 transmission in hospital facilities, medical staff, and other patients. In our case, although he had AMI with cardiogenic shock, primary PCI was performed at the end of the scheduled procedures to minimize exposure of other patients. cache = ./cache/cord-289370-3n56low4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-289370-3n56low4.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282293-pdhjl508 author = Park, Wan Beom title = Isolation of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from a Patient of the 2015 Korean Outbreak date = 2016-01-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1575 sentences = 90 flesch = 57 summary = title: Isolation of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from a Patient of the 2015 Korean Outbreak During the 2015 outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Korea, 186 persons were infected, resulting in 38 fatalities. Full-length genome sequence of the virus isolate was obtained and phylogenetic analyses showed that it clustered with clade B of MERS-CoV. On May 27, 2015, he was unknowingly exposed to the index case (designated as patient number 14 by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare) of the hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) at emergency department of a hospital (10) . For full-length genome sequencing of the virus isolate (MERS-CoV Hu/KOR/SNU1_035/2015), Vero cell monolayer showing cytopathic effects was harvested and used for RNA extraction. A previous study about S gene of MERS-CoV reported from Korea showed that a culture isolate from patient number 002 contained two nonsynonymous variants (S137R and V530L) (14) . cache = ./cache/cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-270083-gm8i9olj author = Jang, Jong Geol title = Prognostic Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu, Korea date = 2020-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2714 sentences = 170 flesch = 54 summary = CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found that diabetes mellitus, body temperature ≥ 37.8°C, peripheral oxygen saturation < 92%, and CK-MB > 6.3 are independent predictors of severe disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Older age, male sex, presence of comorbidities, low oxygen saturation, and abnormal lab findings (high lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] , high procalcitonin, low CD4 cell count, low albumin level) were shown to be risk factors for severe However, patient-and disease-related factors vary from region to region, and these factors may be associated with the clinical severity of COVID19. We showed that the presence of diabetes mellitus, body temperature ≥ 37.8°C, peripheral oxygen saturation < 92%, and CK-MB > 6.3 were independent predictors of severe disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. cache = ./cache/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304526-hoybp1h6 author = Kwon, Ki Tae title = Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak date = 2020-03-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1484 sentences = 86 flesch = 53 summary = For safe and efficient screening for COVID-19, drive-through (DT) screening centers have been designed and implemented in Korea. Personal protective equipment (PPE) of inner and outer gloves, N95 respirator, eye-shield/face shield/goggles, and hooded coverall/gown is required for the HCWs who may have direct contact with testees. Specimen collection Drive-through COVID screening center is important since the examination work requires professionalism among all the DT stages, and this manpower pool is sparse during an outbreak situation. The main timeconsuming factor in the conventional COVID-19 screening system is the time required for ventilation and cleaning of the specimen collection room. 8 However, this time for ventilation and cleaning is not required for the DT screening system because testees' cars are used as specimen collection rooms. In addition to the improved efficiency, the DT screening system can also exclude the risk of cross-infection between testees at the waiting space of conventional screening centers, for testees' own cars work as isolation units throughout the test course. cache = ./cache/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306092-5bi2q3jj author = Choi, Hee Joung title = Relationship between the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Scores of Infants with Apparent Life-threatening Events date = 2015-05-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3346 sentences = 200 flesch = 46 summary = title: Relationship between the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Scores of Infants with Apparent Life-threatening Events We investigated the clinical presentations, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and prognosis from follow-up of infants with apparent life-threatening events (ALTE). In 1986, the National Institutes of Health consensus conference named these episodes apparent life-threatening events (ALTE) and defined them using the following criteria: some combination of central or obstructive apnea; color change; marked change in muscle tone; and choking or gagging (2) . In some studies, high-risk groups for ALTE were defined as 1) having events during sleep, 2) needing resuscitation, 3) having a subsequent similar episode, 4) being siblings of SIDS patients, and 5) developing a seizure disorder. A confirmed bacterial or viral infection, abnormal chest radiographic finding, ECG, 2-dimensional echocardiogram, upper gastrointestinal study, EEG, brain image study, and any test to characterize metabolic disease were classified as significant diagnostic interventions. cache = ./cache/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320022-e3ti4doi author = Lee, Jin title = Do We Really Need to Isolate All Children with COVID-19 in Healthcare Facilities? date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1367 sentences = 70 flesch = 47 summary = While such methods are being enforced for strict infection control at the national level in response to COVID-19, most countries-including the United States and many in Europeallow people who are asymptomatic or those with mild symptoms be placed under selfisolation for at-home treatment ( Table 1) . With respect to the recently updated Korean isolation release criteria, 4,5 asymptomatic cases can be released from isolation if they 1) develop no clinical symptoms for 10 days after being confirmed, OR 2) receive two consecutive negative PCR test results taken at least 24 hours 2/4 https://jkms.org https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e277 For symptomatic patients: 10 days after symptom onset, plus at least 3 days without symptoms (without fever and respiratory symptoms). The decision of location should be made on a case-bycase basis and will depend on the clinical presentation, requirement for supportive care, potential risk factors for severe disease, and conditions at home, including the presence of vulnerable persons in the household. cache = ./cache/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320669-7acoduj3 author = Park, Peong Gang title = Out-of-Hospital Cohort Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Mild Symptoms in Korea: an Experience from a Single Community Treatment Center date = 2020-03-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2215 sentences = 110 flesch = 50 summary = To allocate medical resources efficiently, Korea implemented a novel institution for the purpose of treating patients with cohort isolation out of hospital, namely the Community Treatment Center (CTC). To allocate medical resources efficiently, a novel institution with the purpose of treating patients with cohort isolation out of the hospital, namely the Community Treatment Center (CTC), was designed and implemented in Korea. The CTC is an independent building outside a hospital based on the concept that patients with mild symptoms do not require advanced medical resources, although they require isolation to prevent transmission and active surveillance in case they develop more severe symptoms. Candidates for CTC admission were confirmed COVID-19 patients with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) method and considered by authorities as patients without severe symptoms using guidelines from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). cache = ./cache/cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-269440-6x19xuy3 author = Seo, Min Young title = Trend of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients in a Quarantine Facility date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2669 sentences = 155 flesch = 45 summary = This study evaluated olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in mild COVID-19 patients using validated assessment methods. 5, 6 Subsequent studies have reported that olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may be characteristic symptoms of COVID-19 infection, but there are limitations in assessments by validated methods. Therefore, this study was designed to assess olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in mild COVID-19 patients using validated olfactory and gustatory evaluation methods and endoscopic examination. This prospective surveillance study included mild COVID-19 patients who were isolated at Gyeonggi International Living and Treatment Support Center (LTSC) after confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using respiratory samples; all patients were interviewed daily regarding changes in olfactory and gustatory symptoms and their medical records were reviewed. To our knowledge, this study is the first to assess both olfactory and gustatory function with validated methods, with simultaneous nasal and oral endoscopic examination in mild COVID-19 patients. cache = ./cache/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 author = Min, Kyung-Duk title = Estimating the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Control in Korea date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4271 sentences = 227 flesch = 49 summary = Using the Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain algorithm with Gibbs' sampling method, we estimated the time-varying effective contact rate to calibrate the model with the reported daily new confirmed cases from February 12th to March 31st (7 weeks). In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of various NPIs, including social distancing in adults, spring semester postponement, diagnostic testing, and contact tracing, using the developed mathematical model and scenario analysis. In this study, we estimated the expected epidemic size of COVID-19 in Korea, if social distancing among adults in March was more relaxed while maintaining the effective contact rate at a higher level than the status quo (Fig. 3) . The increase level of effective contact rate for the school opening scenario was obtained from increase level of effective contract rate by school opening in March 2019 using a mathematical model for varicella among adolescence; c Scenario 3 employed a lower detection rate (γ) and quarantine probability (ν) to evaluate the effectiveness of extensive diagnostic testing and contact tracing; d Effective contact rate-related parameters for status quo were estimated by calibration with reported data of confirmed COVID-19 cases. cache = ./cache/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-297965-3bdv6ady author = Lee, Sun Young title = Operation and Management of Seoul Metropolitan City Community Treatment Center for Mild Condition COVID-19 Patients date = 2020-10-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4148 sentences = 252 flesch = 53 summary = BACKGROUND: In response to the disaster of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) established a patient facility for mild condition patients other than hospital. CONCLUSION: In the time of an infectious disease disaster, a metropolitan city can operate a temporary patient facility such as CTC to make a surge capacity and appropriately allocate scarce medical resource. To respond the shortage of medical resource due to COVID-19 outbreak, the Korean government introduced a temporary patient facility called community treatment centers (CTCs). To prepare and respond second wave of COVID-19 epidemic and future emerging infectious disease disaster, analysis of operation of actual CTC and information of patient triage in the community is needed. 1,34 In a metropolitan city with a population of 10 million, through operating the two-stage surge capacity consisting of dedicated COVID-19 hospitals and CTCs, allocating scarce hospital resources to critically ill patients was possible. cache = ./cache/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt txt = ./txt/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 author = Kim, Ahreum title = Factors Influencing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis among Contacts in Congregated Settings in Korea date = 2019-05-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4221 sentences = 207 flesch = 48 summary = BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the indicators (the rates of diagnosis, need for treatment, treatment initiation, and treatment completion) of management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in contacts and to identify the impact of active tuberculosis (TB) index case characteristics on the exposed population in congregated settings, such as schools, workplaces, and medical institutes. As shown in Table 3 , multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed using the diagnosis of latent TB in contacts, need for treatment, treatment initiation, and treatment completion as dependent variables, and the characteristics of the index case and cluster as independent variables; years were considered as a random effect. When compared by type of facility that index cases belonged to, other facilities showed significantly high ORs for rates of need for treatment of latent TB compared to schools (P < 0.001). 33 In this study, medical institutions had higher rates of latent TB diagnosis, need for treatment, and treatment initiation than schools. cache = ./cache/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-319024-11cdzkrs author = Park, Seon-Cheol title = Secondary Emotional Reactions to the COVID-19 Outbreak Should Be Identified and Treated in Korea date = 2020-04-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1140 sentences = 72 flesch = 51 summary = The "primary emotional reaction" during the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea may be considered the fear or anxiety of the physical disease itself, or the "contagion" myth, directly related to infectious diseases. With respect to the primary emotional reaction, mental health care should focus on patients in isolation, individuals in quarantine, and healthcare workers who treat COVID-19 cases. The "secondary emotional reaction", beyond the anxiety of the physical disease itself, or the contagion myth, may be considered the other psychological consequence of the COVID-19 outbreak. 3 Consequently, we introduce herein two groups who should urgently be considered for care in Korea due to secondary emotional reactions prompted by the COVID-19 outbreak. Mental health care related to the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea should cover not only primary emotional reactions, but also secondary emotional reactions. Also, pro-active care for secondary emotional reactions in Shincheonji congregants and the economically weak is of key importance. cache = ./cache/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346842-ip4i3bdk author = Jeon, JuYeun title = The Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Clinical Trials for Medical Products in Korea date = 2020-09-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4168 sentences = 204 flesch = 47 summary = METHODS: The impact on subject's scheduled visits and major milestones of clinical trials in Korea were measured by conducting a survey among clinical project manager (CPMs) working at global clinical research organization. New approaches were necessary in clinical trials to eliminate the risk of infection by complying with the guideline and enable subjects to continue to participate in trials if no better alternative treatment options were available, for protecting the subjects' safety and well-being. The study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic and the KCDC disease control guideline on the conduct of clinical research in Korea, on subjects, investigators, monitor, pharmaceutical companies, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) and regulatory authorities (RAs), in order to suggest recommendations for conducting clinical trials during the pandemic. The survey was distributed to total 140 clinical project manager (CPMs) who were working at global clinical research organization and responsible for trials performed in Korea, according to method of simple random sampling from February 24, 2020 to March 7, 2020. cache = ./cache/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334284-rut6mheb author = Kim, Harin title = Psychological Impact of Quarantine on Caregivers at a Children's Hospital for Contact with Case of COVID-19 date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1863 sentences = 104 flesch = 44 summary = title: Psychological Impact of Quarantine on Caregivers at a Children's Hospital for Contact with Case of COVID-19 Thus, we aimed to identify the psychological and behavioral responses and stressors of caregivers quarantined with young patients after a close contact to a coronavirus disease 2019 case at a children's hospital. A multidisciplinary team including infection control team, pediatrician, psychiatrist, nursing staff and legal department provided supplies and services to reduce caregiver's psychological distress. As a result, 62 patients and 72 caregivers were quarantined at four COVID-19 isolation units of our children's hospital for 2 weeks according to the incubation period of SARS-CoV-2. The psychological and behavioral responses and stressors of the caregivers were classified according to Brooks et al.'s review, 6 which extensively revealed numerous emotional outcomes as well as specific stressors of quarantined people and of health care providers. In conclusion, mandatory quarantine at a children's hospital due to contact with a patient with COVID-19 had notable psychological impacts on the caregivers. cache = ./cache/cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334811-l5fxswfz author = nan title = Analysis on 54 Mortality Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea from January 19 to March 10, 2020 date = 2020-03-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1850 sentences = 123 flesch = 67 summary = Since the identification of the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the global number of confirmed cases as of March 15, 2020, is 156,400, with total death in 5,833 (3.7%) worldwide. We summarized the mortality data of 54 deceased patients when the total number of COVID-19 patients in Korea reached 7,513 as of March 10, 2020. The first fatal case (national patient number 104) occurred on February 19 and was officially reported on February 20 by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). 10 Of note, although without significant illness, this was a 72-year-old woman who developed symptoms on February 23 and was diagnosed with It is of note that even when the total confirmed cases reached 7,513, only 247 patients were released from isolation after treatment on March 10, 2020 (Fig. 2) . The cumulative CFR of COVID-19 in Korea was 0.7% (54 deaths of total 7,513 confirmed cases) as of 0 am, March 10, 2020. cache = ./cache/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301553-bq8h13np author = Lee, Jaehyeon title = Letter to the Editor: The Interpretation of COVID-19 Seroprevalence Study Should Be Cautious date = 2020-09-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1034 sentences = 66 flesch = 48 summary = Conceptualization: Lee Third, although the authors have acknowledged selection bias, they should recognize that the patient group had more of health-related issues compared with general population, resulting limited generalizability of the study. However, when an antibody test is performed to estimate seroprevalence at the population level, even a serological test with moderate sensitivity and specificity is acceptable 5 because of the tradeoff between false-positive and false-negative cases. Moreover, despite the possibility of selection bias, we believe that the size of missing undiagnosed cases in Daegu should be estimated because it is one of most important reasons underlying any seroprevalence study during the epidemic. Currently, however, even a population-based seroprevalence survey with a perfect serological assay may not validly estimate the size of missing undiagnosed cases in Daegu because of antibody loss in many previously infected cases. cache = ./cache/cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338181-9sgygg8x author = Kim, Sun-Kyung title = Universal Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 with Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing after Rally of Trainee Doctors date = 2020-10-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 549 sentences = 48 flesch = 59 summary = title: Universal Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 with Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing after Rally of Trainee Doctors There were two rallies of medical students and trainee doctors, where 9,000 participants gathered. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based universal screening for the participants using pooling at a tertiary care hospital. Our data suggested low transmission rates in open air mass gatherings when appropriate personal protective practices were followed. A total of 646 trainee doctors and medical students participated in the rally at least once. The number of participants in the second rally was 555 (67 interns, 300 residents, 131 clinical fellows, and 27 medical students). 4 To mitigate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the rally of Korean trainee doctors, we developed an action plan and an app-based system for notification of COVID-19 symptoms. In conclusion, our study provides important information regarding low transmission rates in mass gatherings at open space when appropriate personal protective practices are followed. cache = ./cache/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321748-9a54ekac author = Kim, Sang Il title = Walk-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: an Accessible and Efficient Screening System in a Pandemic Situation date = 2020-04-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2852 sentences = 167 flesch = 56 summary = A walk-through (WT) screening center using negative pressure booths that is inspired by the biosafety cabinet has been designed and implemented in Korea for easy screening of COVID-19 and for safe and efficient consultation for patients with fever or respiratory symptoms. These limitations can be overcome using mobile technology and increasing the number of booths to reduce congestion inside the center, reducing booth volume for sufficient and rapid ventilation, and using an effective, harmless, and certified environmental disinfectant. Environmental cleaning is performed in the following order: ventilation after the patient has left, disinfection of the surface of the booth including gloves and ventilation after disinfection. The CDC guidelines recommend applying a United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)registered disinfectant against SARS-CoV-2 for environmental cleaning and disinfection in healthcare settings, including those patient-care areas where aerosol-generating procedures were performed. cache = ./cache/cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341933-dwki1hwu author = Jeong, Han-Gil title = Therapeutic Temperature Modulation for a Critically Ill Patient with COVID-19 date = 2020-06-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1080 sentences = 68 flesch = 46 summary = We report a rapidly deteriorating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient, a-58-year-old woman, with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock with hyperpyrexia up to 41.8°C, probably due to the cytokine storm syndrome. The therapeutic temperature modulation can safely be applied in a specific group of patients with cytokine storm syndrome and hyperpyrexia, which may reduce the number of patients requiring ECMO in the global medical resource shortage. The cytokine storm syndrome, which rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), shock, and multiorgan dysfunction, has been observed in a subgroup of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). 3 We present the case of a COVID-19 patient whose condition rapidly deteriorated with hyperpyrexia but was successfully managed with therapeutic temperature modulation (TTM). 7 The therapeutic temperature modulation may safely be applied in a specific group of patients with cytokine storm syndrome and hyperpyrexia. cache = ./cache/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344087-4f40zj13 author = Jo, Min-Woo title = The Burden of Disease due to COVID-19 in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years date = 2020-05-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3400 sentences = 184 flesch = 61 summary = METHODS: We used data on confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19 between January 20 and April 24, 2020 provided by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the local governments and the public media to determine disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by sex and age. For the calculation of the YLDs, we used the numbers of confirmed cases by sex and age group, the duration of disease, and disability weights (DWs). The numbers of confirmed cases of COVID-19 by sex or age group were obtained from Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). To compare the results with previous studies, we estimated the YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs per 100,000 population for the mid-year population of 2019 by sex and age, using data from the Statistics Korea demographic survey. cache = ./cache/cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323449-r1gyjxei author = Kim, Uh Jin title = Air and Environmental Contamination Caused by COVID-19 Patients: a Multi-Center Study date = 2020-09-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2012 sentences = 141 flesch = 51 summary = BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of air and surface contamination of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in four health care facilities with hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that remote (> 2 m) airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from hospitalized COVID-19 patients is uncommon when aerosol-generating procedures have not been performed. 10, 11 The objectives of the present study were 1) to investigate air and environmental contamination caused by COVID-19 patients in a variety of hospital settings; 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental cleaning; and 3) to examine the potential for remote airborne transmission in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures. Despite extensive surface sampling, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in the room in Hospital B (AIIR with routine surface cleansing using disinfectant wipes the patient's respiratory samples (Ct value 22.4-28.9) (Fig. 1B) . cache = ./cache/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344235-rd6cylsl author = Kim, Kyung Mi title = Potential Hazards of Concern in the Walk-Through Screening System for the Corona Virus Disease 2019 from the Perspective of Infection Preventionists date = 2020-04-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 839 sentences = 53 flesch = 55 summary = Since 70% alcohol is used in relatively small areas such as stethoscopes, instrument surfaces, carts, counters, and laboratory benches, 4 it is inappropriate to disinfect the relatively large areas such as the inside of walk-through booths with alcohol. In the case of surface disinfection, a method of spraying is also being used, but it is not recommended by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines as it has uncertain coverage and may promote aerosol production. 7,8 Therefore, it is dangerous to think that it will be safe to conduct screening at short intervals without considering air changing per hour. NPIR doors should be always closed, but in the case of walk-through system, examinees frequently enter and exit, so there is a possibility that proper negative pressure may not be maintained due to the inflow of external air. The standard guideline for the prevention of health care associated infection cache = ./cache/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349680-rz2ep5jf author = Lee, Jacob title = Better Understanding on MERS Corona Virus Outbreak in Korea date = 2015-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 853 sentences = 53 flesch = 67 summary = In June 2012, the first human with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection was found in Saudi Arabia. MERS is suspected to spread from animals to humans like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). One person among the 36 patients exposed in the Hospital B left for China through Hong Kong, because the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) could not confirm the exposure to the index case. Medical staffs who were involved in treating some of the patients with MERS-CoV were also infected (2) . If Korea also follows the outbreak pattern of the Middle East, I expect more tertiary infection will be developed. At present, the Korea CDC should focus on close monitoring of medical staffs and patients or visitors who have been exposed to the index, secondary, and tertiary cases in hospitals. Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus cache = ./cache/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336225-ijodhrwf author = Chang, Mee Soo title = Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Tick-Mediated Viral Disease date = 2013-06-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1379 sentences = 90 flesch = 62 summary = title: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Tick-Mediated Viral Disease A small tick Haemaphysalis longicornis called 'Sochamjindeugi' in Korean has bitten a week before, and an onset is characterized by fever, lymph node swelling, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, leucocytopenia, multiorgan dysfunction, altered consciousness, and occasionally to death in extreme cases (1, 2) . This emerging febrile disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), was reported in 2007 by the New England Journal of Medicine (3) and Clinical Infectious Diseases (4) (5) (6) . The vaccine development to combat the SFTS virus is not easy due to its characteristics. Also any treatment by killing the virus is able to give human damage. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome confirmed cases and follow-up measure Document for physicians about Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) Epidemiologic features of severe Fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China Person-to-person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus through blood contact cache = ./cache/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338057-ycmr9prw author = Lee, Jae Hoon title = An Appropriate Lower Respiratory Tract Specimen Is Essential for Diagnosis of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) date = 2015-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1314 sentences = 73 flesch = 49 summary = title: An Appropriate Lower Respiratory Tract Specimen Is Essential for Diagnosis of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) He briefly summarized the ongoing status of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak and emphasized close monitoring of medical staffs, patients, and visitors, and timely well-designed briefings to mass media. Some reasons that could be considered for the delayed diagnosis of MERS include: 1) low initial viral load and shedding, and 2) poor sample collection in patients with "no cough" or dry cough. In re-evaluating the patient's diagnostic history, his viral load could have been low due to the early phase of disease and/or could have been falsely negative due to inadequate dry coughlinked respiratory samples. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission cache = ./cache/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt ===== Reducing email addresses Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-000402-unr44dvp cord-260310-0gkoanrg cord-003258-yrbo0hdk cord-011782-hz0rtgd1 cord-000964-ysyz3grd cord-262681-2voe4r7f cord-269885-r8molh8c cord-277144-106q6ae0 cord-259906-9em5tjya cord-271277-z0o7bhzr cord-282554-hlcgutzf cord-286930-c1zkjdgf cord-289370-3n56low4 cord-270083-gm8i9olj cord-349646-imv0sc9y cord-283512-qly8iclf cord-274788-oyk8js16 cord-304010-n4gxxl5i cord-304526-hoybp1h6 cord-304345-efic9sqh cord-282293-pdhjl508 cord-297681-m0cckidw cord-320669-7acoduj3 cord-268907-cv0mkpzd cord-323326-p7vrlmrf cord-269440-6x19xuy3 cord-297965-3bdv6ady cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 cord-319024-11cdzkrs cord-346842-ip4i3bdk cord-323656-bzefn894 cord-349812-nw1nlc1y cord-323449-r1gyjxei cord-344235-rd6cylsl cord-320022-e3ti4doi cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 cord-338057-ycmr9prw cord-344087-4f40zj13 cord-306092-5bi2q3jj cord-315181-emf4i6ir cord-270922-7z0n78ja cord-334284-rut6mheb cord-334811-l5fxswfz cord-284879-sjkni2uc cord-349680-rz2ep5jf cord-336225-ijodhrwf cord-321748-9a54ekac cord-301553-bq8h13np cord-338181-9sgygg8x cord-341933-dwki1hwu Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-011782-hz0rtgd1 cord-000964-ysyz3grd cord-262681-2voe4r7f cord-269885-r8molh8c cord-270083-gm8i9olj cord-283512-qly8iclf cord-304526-hoybp1h6 cord-274788-oyk8js16 cord-297965-3bdv6ady cord-320022-e3ti4doi cord-304010-n4gxxl5i cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 cord-301553-bq8h13np cord-315181-emf4i6ir cord-349680-rz2ep5jf cord-334284-rut6mheb cord-349812-nw1nlc1y cord-336225-ijodhrwf cord-323449-r1gyjxei Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-000964-ysyz3grd cord-003258-yrbo0hdk cord-260310-0gkoanrg cord-262681-2voe4r7f cord-269885-r8molh8c cord-000402-unr44dvp cord-011782-hz0rtgd1 cord-271277-z0o7bhzr cord-284879-sjkni2uc cord-277144-106q6ae0 cord-259906-9em5tjya cord-282554-hlcgutzf cord-268907-cv0mkpzd cord-283512-qly8iclf cord-270083-gm8i9olj cord-286930-c1zkjdgf cord-289370-3n56low4 cord-304345-efic9sqh cord-282293-pdhjl508 cord-297681-m0cckidw cord-304526-hoybp1h6 cord-306092-5bi2q3jj cord-270922-7z0n78ja cord-323326-p7vrlmrf cord-320022-e3ti4doi cord-320669-7acoduj3 cord-274788-oyk8js16 cord-304010-n4gxxl5i cord-269440-6x19xuy3 cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 cord-297965-3bdv6ady cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 cord-319024-11cdzkrs cord-346842-ip4i3bdk cord-334811-l5fxswfz cord-349646-imv0sc9y cord-315181-emf4i6ir cord-323656-bzefn894 cord-334284-rut6mheb cord-301553-bq8h13np cord-338181-9sgygg8x cord-321748-9a54ekac cord-341933-dwki1hwu cord-344087-4f40zj13 cord-338057-ycmr9prw cord-349812-nw1nlc1y cord-344235-rd6cylsl cord-349680-rz2ep5jf cord-323449-r1gyjxei cord-336225-ijodhrwf Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech parallel: Warning: Only enough available processes to run 47 jobs in parallel. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf parallel: Warning: or /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max may help. cord-260310-0gkoanrg cord-269885-r8molh8c cord-271277-z0o7bhzr cord-284879-sjkni2uc cord-003258-yrbo0hdk cord-000402-unr44dvp cord-277144-106q6ae0 cord-011782-hz0rtgd1 cord-262681-2voe4r7f cord-000964-ysyz3grd cord-259906-9em5tjya cord-286930-c1zkjdgf cord-270922-7z0n78ja cord-282554-hlcgutzf cord-268907-cv0mkpzd parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 46. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. cord-283512-qly8iclf cord-270083-gm8i9olj cord-289370-3n56low4 cord-304345-efic9sqh cord-282293-pdhjl508 cord-304526-hoybp1h6 cord-297681-m0cckidw cord-306092-5bi2q3jj cord-320022-e3ti4doi cord-269440-6x19xuy3 cord-315181-emf4i6ir cord-323326-p7vrlmrf cord-320669-7acoduj3 cord-274788-oyk8js16 cord-304010-n4gxxl5i cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 cord-321748-9a54ekac cord-344087-4f40zj13 cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 cord-341933-dwki1hwu cord-349812-nw1nlc1y cord-323449-r1gyjxei cord-344235-rd6cylsl cord-336225-ijodhrwf cord-349680-rz2ep5jf cord-338057-ycmr9prw cord-349646-imv0sc9y cord-323656-bzefn894 cord-297965-3bdv6ady cord-319024-11cdzkrs cord-334811-l5fxswfz cord-301553-bq8h13np cord-338181-9sgygg8x cord-346842-ip4i3bdk cord-334284-rut6mheb Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-315181-emf4i6ir cord-297965-3bdv6ady cord-277144-106q6ae0 cord-304010-n4gxxl5i cord-282293-pdhjl508 cord-269885-r8molh8c number of items: 50 sum of words: 65,437 average size in words: 2,110 average readability score: 53 nouns: patients; cases; study; infection; disease; coronavirus; treatment; symptoms; patient; number; outbreak; rate; data; days; case; hospital; risk; contact; time; years; age; health; test; group; virus; results; care; syndrome; pneumonia; system; day; studies; characteristics; journals; pandemic; death; transmission; isolation; analysis; screening; period; diagnosis; diseases; facilities; control; children; admission; population; individuals; factors verbs: used; reported; confirmed; including; shown; increasing; performed; need; based; considered; required; following; compared; related; occur; identified; causing; reduce; estimated; according; provide; associated; conducted; developed; suggests; received; observed; diagnosed; published; infected; taken; make; found; present; evaluate; collected; recommended; aged; admitted; prevent; died; analyzed; suspected; improved; determine; detected; apply; affect; obtained; tested adjectives: respiratory; clinical; medical; severe; covid-19; high; first; infectious; higher; acute; mild; positive; negative; human; public; viral; effective; previous; significant; social; olfactory; novel; important; korean; active; autopsy; total; non; many; patient; new; early; different; latent; lower; epidemiological; asymptomatic; low; daily; present; post; common; initial; necessary; small; several; global; current; old; mortem adverbs: also; however; respectively; therefore; well; even; first; significantly; approximately; relatively; frequently; rapidly; moreover; especially; directly; furthermore; already; worldwide; still; recently; often; newly; previously; least; finally; immediately; initially; statistically; second; properly; rather; almost; less; just; fully; probably; currently; safely; later; globally; critically; always; third; regardless; particularly; never; lastly; highly; additionally; yet pronouns: we; it; their; our; they; he; them; its; her; his; she; you; i; us; itself; themselves; oneself; me; your; ours; him; herself proper nouns: COVID-19; Korea; SARS; CoV-2; MERS; TB; China; PCR; Korean; Fig; CoV; March; CTC; Disease; Daegu; Middle; East; February; Kim; Health; Seoul; Control; Hospital; ALTE; KCDC; Wuhan; Prevention; Coronavirus; •; National; DOI; Center; Table; Lee; Sci; Med; J; ESRD; World; RT; June; sha; Organization; RNA; University; Centers; mg; Society; RSV; PPE keywords: covid-19; korea; sars; mers; patient; east; march; ctc; zumba; virus; usa; trial; sfts; seoul; screening; science; rsv; respiratory; rate; plasma; olfactory; npir; nema; ltbi; lrt; lfx; lee; kim; journal; hospital; hfnc; gene; event; esrd; dxc; disease; disaster; dementia; death; daegu; cell; caregiver; autopsy; ami; alte; aki; ageusia; active one topic; one dimension: patients file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193889/ titles(s): Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Prolonged Macrolide, Corticosteroid, Doxycycline, and Levofloxacin against Macrolide-Unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children three topics; one dimension: patients; covid; covid file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193889/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3653076/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32830471/ titles(s): Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Prolonged Macrolide, Corticosteroid, Doxycycline, and Levofloxacin against Macrolide-Unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children | Incidence and Mortality Rates of Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study, 2000-2009 | Proposal of the Autopsy Guideline for Infectious Diseases: Preparation for the Post-COVID-19 Era (abridged translation) five topics; three dimensions: covid patients infection; patients covid study; patients journals cov; covid patients disease; contact rate cases file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32830471/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193889/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124712/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32743995/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32893522/ titles(s): Proposal of the Autopsy Guideline for Infectious Diseases: Preparation for the Post-COVID-19 Era (abridged translation) | Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Prolonged Macrolide, Corticosteroid, Doxycycline, and Levofloxacin against Macrolide-Unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children | Gene Expression Profile during Chondrogenesis in Human Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells using a cDNA Microarray | Clinical Course and Outcomes of 3,060 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea, January–May 2020 | Estimating the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Control in Korea Type: cord title: journal-jKoreanMedSci-cord date: 2021-05-30 time: 15:05 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: facet_journal:"J Korean Med Sci" ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-274788-oyk8js16 author: Bae, Sanghyuk title: Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Outbreak at Fitness Centers in Cheonan, Korea date: 2020-08-05 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: In February 2020, a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was reported in fitness centers in Cheonan, Korea. METHODS: From February 24 to March 13, an epidemiological investigation was conducted on the fitness center outbreak. All those who were screened were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Contacts were traced and self-isolated for 14 days. We determined the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and estimated the time-dependent reproduction number to assess the transmission dynamics of the infection. RESULTS: A total of 116 cases were confirmed, and 1,687 contacts were traced. The source cases were 8 Zumba instructors who led aerobics classes in 10 fitness centers, and had the largest average number of contacts. A total of 57 Zumba class participants, 37 of their family members, and 14 other contacts were confirmed as cases. The attack rate was 7.3%. The contacts at Zumba classes and homes had a higher attack rate than other contacts. The mean serial interval (± standard deviation) were estimated to be 5.2 (± 3.8) days. The time-dependent reproduction number was estimated to be 6.1 at the beginning of the outbreak, but it dropped to less than 1, 2 days after the epidemiological investigation was launched. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the COVID-19 outbreak was effectively contained with rigorous contact tracing, isolating, and testing in combination with social distancing without a lock-down. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e288 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e288 id: cord-336225-ijodhrwf author: Chang, Mee Soo title: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Tick-Mediated Viral Disease date: 2013-06-03 words: 1379.0 sentences: 90.0 pages: flesch: 62.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336225-ijodhrwf.txt summary: title: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome: Tick-Mediated Viral Disease A small tick Haemaphysalis longicornis called ''Sochamjindeugi'' in Korean has bitten a week before, and an onset is characterized by fever, lymph node swelling, diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, leucocytopenia, multiorgan dysfunction, altered consciousness, and occasionally to death in extreme cases (1, 2) . This emerging febrile disease, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), was reported in 2007 by the New England Journal of Medicine (3) and Clinical Infectious Diseases (4) (5) (6) . The vaccine development to combat the SFTS virus is not easy due to its characteristics. Also any treatment by killing the virus is able to give human damage. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome confirmed cases and follow-up measure Document for physicians about Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) Epidemiologic features of severe Fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China Person-to-person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus through blood contact abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23772137/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.6.795 id: cord-306092-5bi2q3jj author: Choi, Hee Joung title: Relationship between the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Scores of Infants with Apparent Life-threatening Events date: 2015-05-13 words: 3346.0 sentences: 200.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306092-5bi2q3jj.txt summary: title: Relationship between the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Scores of Infants with Apparent Life-threatening Events We investigated the clinical presentations, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and prognosis from follow-up of infants with apparent life-threatening events (ALTE). In 1986, the National Institutes of Health consensus conference named these episodes apparent life-threatening events (ALTE) and defined them using the following criteria: some combination of central or obstructive apnea; color change; marked change in muscle tone; and choking or gagging (2) . In some studies, high-risk groups for ALTE were defined as 1) having events during sleep, 2) needing resuscitation, 3) having a subsequent similar episode, 4) being siblings of SIDS patients, and 5) developing a seizure disorder. A confirmed bacterial or viral infection, abnormal chest radiographic finding, ECG, 2-dimensional echocardiogram, upper gastrointestinal study, EEG, brain image study, and any test to characterize metabolic disease were classified as significant diagnostic interventions. abstract: We investigated the clinical presentations, diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, and prognosis from follow-up of infants with apparent life-threatening events (ALTE). In addition, the relationship between the clinical characteristics of patients and significant intervention scores was analyzed. We enrolled patients younger than 12 months who were diagnosed with ALTE from January 2005 to December 2012. There were 29 ALTE infants with a peak incidence of age younger than 1 month (48.3%). The most common symptoms for ALTE diagnosis were apnea (69.0%) and color change (58.6%). Eleven patients appeared normal upon arrival at hospital but 2 patients required cardiopulmonary resuscitation during the initial ALTE. The most common ALTE cause was respiratory disease, including respiratory infection and upper airway anomalies (44.8%). There were 20 cases of repeat ALTE and 2 cases of death during hospitalization. Four patients (15.4%) experienced recurrence of ALTE after discharge and 4 patients (15.4%) showed developmental abnormalities during the follow-up period. The patients with ALTE during sleep had lower significant intervention scores (P=0.015) compared to patients with ALTE during wakefulness and patients with previous respiratory symptoms had higher significant intervention scores (P=0.013) than those without previous respiratory symptoms. Although not statistically significant, there was a weak positive correlation between the patient's total ALTE criteria and total significant intervention score (Fig. 2, r=0.330, P=0.080). We recommend that all ALTE infants undergo inpatient observation and evaluations with at least 24 hr of cardiorespiratory monitoring, and should follow up at least within a month after discharge. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26028930/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.6.763 id: cord-003258-yrbo0hdk author: Ha, Seok Gyun title: Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Prolonged Macrolide, Corticosteroid, Doxycycline, and Levofloxacin against Macrolide-Unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children date: 2018-09-18 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy of prolonged macrolide (PMC), corticosteroids (CST), doxycycline (DXC), and levofloxacin (LFX) against macrolide-unresponsive Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia in children and to evaluate the safety of the secondary treatment agents. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with MP pneumonia hospitalized between January 2015 and April 2017. Macrolide-unresponsiveness was clinically defined with a persistent fever of ≥ 38.0°C at ≥ 72 hours after macrolide treatment. The cases were divided into four groups: PMC, CST, DXC, and LFX. We compared the time to defervescence (TTD) after secondary treatment and the TTD after initial macrolide treatment in each group with adjustment using propensity score-matching analysis. RESULTS: Among 1,165 cases of MP pneumonia, 190 (16.3%) were unresponsive to macrolides. The proportion of patients who achieved defervescence within 48 hours in CST, DXC, and LFX groups were 96.9% (31/33), 85.7% (12/14), and 83.3% (5/6), respectively. The TTD after initial macrolide treatment did not differ between PMC and CST groups (5.1 vs. 4.2 days, P = 0.085), PMC and DXC groups (4.9 vs. 5.7 days, P = 0.453), and PMC and LFX groups (4.4 vs. 5.0 days, P = 0.283). No side effects were observed in the CST, DXC, and LFX groups. CONCLUSION: The change to secondary treatment did not show better efficacy compared to PMC in children with macrolide-unresponsive MP pneumonia. Further studies are needed to guide appropriate treatment in children with MP pneumonia. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193889/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e268 id: cord-011782-hz0rtgd1 author: Hong, Sung-Tae title: Status of Editing and Publishing of Scholarly Journals by Academic Societies of Science and Technology in Korea date: 2020-06-01 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: The present study analyzed publishing data of scholarly journals which were published in 2018 by academic societies of science and technology in Korea to observe journal editing and publishing status. METHODS: A total of 346 regional journals (59 natural science, 118 engineering, 44 agriculture, fisheries, and oceanography, and 125 medical and pharmacy) and 141 international journals (32 natural science, 43 engineering, 12 agriculture, fisheries, and oceanography, 54 medical and pharmacy) were included in this analysis, which applied the journal review by the Korea Federation of Science and Technology. Websites of the journals and the submitted publication data in 2019 were reviewed. RESULTS: Except for a few journals, all of the journals were published by academic societies. Basic information of journals was well displayed by both offline and online. Most of the 346 regional journals were published in Korean language or mixed with English but 77 (22.3%), mostly medical, were in English. One-third (n = 104) journals published less than 40 articles while 9 published over 200, and 261 journals (75.4%) received less than 100 submissions in 2018. Most (n = 298, 86.1%) of them were enlisted in the Korean Citation Index (KCI). Editorial board members performed manuscript editing in 171 (49.4%) journals, and most of the journals paid < 50,000,000 won for publishing costs. Of 141 international journals, 138 (97.9%) were published in English and all of them published overseas submissions. Forty-one (29.1%) journals accepted < 20% of submissions but 58 (41.1%) accepted 100%. Of them, 124 (87.9%) were indexed in the KCI, 93 (66.0%) in the Web of Science, 120 in Scopus, and 62 in PubMed. Editorial board members in 38 (27.0%) journals took responsibility of manuscript editing. Publishing cost of 79 (56.0%) journals was < 50,000,000 won. Only 157 (32.2%) of total 487 journals, mostly medical, documented gendered innovation in their instruction to authors. CONCLUSION: Most of the Korean science and technology journals keep global standard of editing and publishing. Their offline and online visibility is acceptable but most regional journals are small and of low academic impact while international journals are globally indexed and acknowledged. Korean scholarly journals should invite more and better articles to keep quality publication. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7324265/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e208 id: cord-270083-gm8i9olj author: Jang, Jong Geol title: Prognostic Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu, Korea date: 2020-06-02 words: 2714.0 sentences: 170.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270083-gm8i9olj.txt summary: CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found that diabetes mellitus, body temperature ≥ 37.8°C, peripheral oxygen saturation < 92%, and CK-MB > 6.3 are independent predictors of severe disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Older age, male sex, presence of comorbidities, low oxygen saturation, and abnormal lab findings (high lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] , high procalcitonin, low CD4 cell count, low albumin level) were shown to be risk factors for severe However, patient-and disease-related factors vary from region to region, and these factors may be associated with the clinical severity of COVID19. We showed that the presence of diabetes mellitus, body temperature ≥ 37.8°C, peripheral oxygen saturation < 92%, and CK-MB > 6.3 were independent predictors of severe disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. abstract: BACKGROUND: Since its first detection in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has spread rapidly around the world. Although there have been several studies investigating prognostic factors for severe COVID-19, there have been no such studies in Korea. METHODS: We performed a retrospective observational study of 110 patients with confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized at a tertiary hospital in Daegu, Korea. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and outcome data were collected and analyzed. Severe disease was defined as a composite outcome of acute respiratory distress syndrome, intensive care unit care, or death. RESULTS: Diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR], 19.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.90–193.42; P = 0.012), body temperature ≥ 37.8°C (OR, 10.91; 95% CI, 1.35–88.36; P = 0.025), peripheral oxygen saturation < 92% (OR, 33.31; 95% CI, 2.45–452.22; P = 0.008), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) > 6.3 (OR, 56.84; 95% CI, 2.64–1,223.78, P = 0.010) at admission were associated with higher risk of severe COVID-19. The likelihood of development of severe COVID-19 increased with an increasing number of prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we found that diabetes mellitus, body temperature ≥ 37.8°C, peripheral oxygen saturation < 92%, and CK-MB > 6.3 are independent predictors of severe disease in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Appropriate assessment of prognostic factors and close monitoring to provide the necessary interventions at the appropriate time in high-risk patients may reduce the case fatality rate of COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e209 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e209 id: cord-349812-nw1nlc1y author: Jang, Won Mo title: Social Distancing and Transmission-reducing Practices during the 2019 Coronavirus Disease and 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Outbreaks in Korea date: 2020-06-09 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: The absence of effective antiviral medications and vaccines increased the focus on non-pharmaceutical preventive behaviors for mitigating against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To examine the current status of non-pharmaceutical preventive behaviors practiced during the COVID-19 outbreak and factors affecting behavioral activities, we compared to the 2015 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in Korea. METHODS: This was a serial cross-sectional population-based study in Korea with four surveys conducted on June 2 and 25, 2015 (MERS-CoV surveys), and February 4, and April 2, 2020 (COVID-19 surveys). Of 25,711 participants selected using random digit dialing numbers, 4,011 participants (aged ≥ 18 years) were successfully interviewed, for the 2020 COVID-19 (n = 2,002) and 2015 MERS-CoV (n = 2,009) epidemics were included. Participants were selected post-stratification by sex, age, and province. The total number of weighted cases in this survey equaled the total number of unweighted cases at the national level. We measured the levels of preventive behaviors (social distancing [avoiding physical contact with others]), and practicing transmission-reducing behaviors such as wearing face mask and handwashing. RESULTS: Between the surveys, respondents who reported practicing social distancing increased from 41.9%–58.2% (MERS-CoV) to 83.4%–92.3% (COVID-19). The response rate for the four surveys ranged between 13.7% and 17.7%. Practicing transmission-reducing behaviors (wearing face masks and handwashing) at least once during COVID-19 (78.8%, 80.2%) also increased compared to that during MERS-CoV (15.5%, 60.3%). The higher affective risk perception groups were more likely to practice transmission-reducing measures (adjusted odds ratio, 3.24–4.81; 95 confidence interval, 1.76–6.96) during both COVID-19 and MERS-CoV. CONCLUSION: The study findings suggest markedly increased proportions of non-pharmaceutical behavioral practices evenly across all subgroups during the two different novel virus outbreaks in Korea. Strategic interventions are needed to attempt based on preventive behavior works. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e220 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e220 id: cord-346842-ip4i3bdk author: Jeon, JuYeun title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Clinical Trials for Medical Products in Korea date: 2020-09-07 words: 4168.0 sentences: 204.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346842-ip4i3bdk.txt summary: METHODS: The impact on subject''s scheduled visits and major milestones of clinical trials in Korea were measured by conducting a survey among clinical project manager (CPMs) working at global clinical research organization. New approaches were necessary in clinical trials to eliminate the risk of infection by complying with the guideline and enable subjects to continue to participate in trials if no better alternative treatment options were available, for protecting the subjects'' safety and well-being. The study evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic and the KCDC disease control guideline on the conduct of clinical research in Korea, on subjects, investigators, monitor, pharmaceutical companies, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) and regulatory authorities (RAs), in order to suggest recommendations for conducting clinical trials during the pandemic. The survey was distributed to total 140 clinical project manager (CPMs) who were working at global clinical research organization and responsible for trials performed in Korea, according to method of simple random sampling from February 24, 2020 to March 7, 2020. abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of clinical trials conducted in Korea continues to increase and an increasing proportion focus on severe and rare incurable diseases. After the start of the severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) developed guidelines to prevent the spread of infection. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 and the KCDC guideline on the conduct of clinical research in Korea. The purpose was to develop recommendations on how to minimize the risk of infection while enabling subjects to take part in the trials if no better alternative treatment options were available. METHODS: The impact on subject's scheduled visits and major milestones of clinical trials in Korea were measured by conducting a survey among clinical project manager (CPMs) working at global clinical research organization. The policy on monitor's access to hospital and site initiation meetings was investigated through correspondence with clinical trial center of 39 hospitals. The Top 25 pharmaceutical companies' official press and public clinical trial registry database were used to analyze companies' trial strategy during the pandemic and COVID-19 clinical research status, respectively. RESULTS: Of 85 CPMs, 12% reported that trial subjects' scheduled visits had been affected in their project. Monitors' access to hospital for source data verification was restricted at all sites in February 2020. Accordingly, 43% of 105 CPMs reported that the COVID-19 epidemic had an effect on study major milestones and data cleaning and database lock accounted for > 60% of milestones affected. In addition, 87% sites advised not to have site initiation meetings and 52% pharmaceutical companies suspended recruitment or new study start-up due to the pandemic. On the other hands, the number of COVID-19 related clinical trials increased rapidly in Korea and worldwide, with investigator-initiated trials accounting for 47% and 63% of all trials locally and globally, respectively. Most trials were phase 2 and were in the recruitment stage. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 and the KCDC guideline influenced all parties involved in clinical trials in Korea. In order to ensure the safety and well-being of trial subjects during the pandemic, new approaches are required for clinical trials to respond to the impact actively. Method of non-contact is developed to replace and supplement the face-to-face contact and alternatives to reduce the travel is introduced to decrease the risk of infection for all trial participants in whole trial process. The relevant regulations should be developed and the guidelines for foreign countries need to be adopted in accordance with the situation in Korea. COVID-19 trial is rapidly increasing worldwide and continuous support of health authorities, regulation, and facilities is required for developing the treatments with protecting all trial participants. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e329 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e329 id: cord-341933-dwki1hwu author: Jeong, Han-Gil title: Therapeutic Temperature Modulation for a Critically Ill Patient with COVID-19 date: 2020-06-03 words: 1080.0 sentences: 68.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341933-dwki1hwu.txt summary: We report a rapidly deteriorating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient, a-58-year-old woman, with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock with hyperpyrexia up to 41.8°C, probably due to the cytokine storm syndrome. The therapeutic temperature modulation can safely be applied in a specific group of patients with cytokine storm syndrome and hyperpyrexia, which may reduce the number of patients requiring ECMO in the global medical resource shortage. The cytokine storm syndrome, which rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), shock, and multiorgan dysfunction, has been observed in a subgroup of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). 3 We present the case of a COVID-19 patient whose condition rapidly deteriorated with hyperpyrexia but was successfully managed with therapeutic temperature modulation (TTM). 7 The therapeutic temperature modulation may safely be applied in a specific group of patients with cytokine storm syndrome and hyperpyrexia. abstract: We report a rapidly deteriorating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient, a-58-year-old woman, with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock with hyperpyrexia up to 41.8°C, probably due to the cytokine storm syndrome. Considering extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as the last resort, we applied therapeutic temperature modulation for management of hyperpyrexia. The patient demonstrated rapid improvement in oxygenation and shock after achieving normothermia, and fully recovered from COVID-19 three weeks later. Therapeutic temperature modulation may have successfully offloaded the failing cardiorespiratory system from metabolic cost and hyperinflammation induced by hyperpyrexia. The therapeutic temperature modulation can safely be applied in a specific group of patients with cytokine storm syndrome and hyperpyrexia, which may reduce the number of patients requiring ECMO in the global medical resource shortage. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32508069/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e210 id: cord-269885-r8molh8c author: Jeong, Soo Young title: MERS-CoV Infection in a Pregnant Woman in Korea date: 2017-08-08 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal respiratory disease — caused by MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) which was first identified in 2012. Especially, pregnant women can be expected as highly vulnerable candidates for this viral infection. In May 2015, this virus was spread in Korea and a pregnant woman was confirmed with positive result of MERS-CoV polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Her condition was improved only with conservative treatment. After a full recovery of MERS, the patient manifested abrupt vaginal bleeding with rupture of membrane. Under an impression of placenta abruption, an emergent cesarean section was performed. Our team performed many laboratory tests related to MERS-CoV and all results were negative. We report the first case of MERS-CoV infection during pregnancy occurred outside of the Middle East. Also, this case showed relatively benign maternal course which resulted in full recovery with subsequent healthy full-term delivery without MERS-CoV transmission. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28875620/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.10.1717 id: cord-344087-4f40zj13 author: Jo, Min-Woo title: The Burden of Disease due to COVID-19 in Korea Using Disability-Adjusted Life Years date: 2020-05-26 words: 3400.0 sentences: 184.0 pages: flesch: 61.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344087-4f40zj13.txt summary: METHODS: We used data on confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19 between January 20 and April 24, 2020 provided by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the local governments and the public media to determine disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by sex and age. For the calculation of the YLDs, we used the numbers of confirmed cases by sex and age group, the duration of disease, and disability weights (DWs). The numbers of confirmed cases of COVID-19 by sex or age group were obtained from Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). To compare the results with previous studies, we estimated the YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs per 100,000 population for the mid-year population of 2019 by sex and age, using data from the Statistics Korea demographic survey. abstract: BACKGROUND: The world is currently experiencing a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Korea, as in other countries, the number of confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19 have been rising. This study aimed to calculate the burden of disease due to COVID-19 in Korea. METHODS: We used data on confirmed cases and deaths due to COVID-19 between January 20 and April 24, 2020 provided by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the local governments and the public media to determine disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) by sex and age. Morbidity was estimated directly among the confirmed, cured, and fatal cases. Disability weights were adopted from previous similar causes on the severity of COVID-19 for the years of life lived with disability (YLDs). The years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated using the standard life expectancy from the 2018 life tables for each sex and age. RESULTS: The YLDs were higher in females (155.2) than in males (105.1), but the YLLs were higher in males (1,274.3) than in females (996.4). The total disease burden attributable to COVID-19 in Korea during the study period, was estimated to be 2,531.0 DALYs, and 4.930 DALYs per 100,000 population. The YLDs and the YLLs constituted 10.3% and 89.7% of the total DALYs, respectively. The DALYs per 100,000 population were highest in people aged ≥ 80 years, followed by those aged 70–79, 60–69, and 50–59 years, but the incidence was the highest in individuals aged 20–29 years. CONCLUSION: This study provided the estimates of DALYs due to COVID-19 in Korea. Most of the disease burden from COVID-19 was derived from YLL; this indicates that decision-makers should focus and make an effort on reducing fatality for preparing the second wave of COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32476305/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e199 id: cord-285984-hjyqg8n5 author: Kim, Ahreum title: Factors Influencing the Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis among Contacts in Congregated Settings in Korea date: 2019-05-07 words: 4221.0 sentences: 207.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285984-hjyqg8n5.txt summary: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the indicators (the rates of diagnosis, need for treatment, treatment initiation, and treatment completion) of management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in contacts and to identify the impact of active tuberculosis (TB) index case characteristics on the exposed population in congregated settings, such as schools, workplaces, and medical institutes. As shown in Table 3 , multilevel logistic regression analysis was performed using the diagnosis of latent TB in contacts, need for treatment, treatment initiation, and treatment completion as dependent variables, and the characteristics of the index case and cluster as independent variables; years were considered as a random effect. When compared by type of facility that index cases belonged to, other facilities showed significantly high ORs for rates of need for treatment of latent TB compared to schools (P < 0.001). 33 In this study, medical institutions had higher rates of latent TB diagnosis, need for treatment, and treatment initiation than schools. abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare the indicators (the rates of diagnosis, need for treatment, treatment initiation, and treatment completion) of management of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in contacts and to identify the impact of active tuberculosis (TB) index case characteristics on the exposed population in congregated settings, such as schools, workplaces, and medical institutes. METHODS: The data of 8,648 clusters in the TB epidemiological investigation database between 2013 and 2016 were extracted and analyzed to evaluate the indicators and perform multilevel logistic regression (MLR) analyses to identify the factors affecting each indicator. RESULTS: The rates of total LTBI diagnosis, need for treatment, treatment initiation, and treatment completion were 15.2%, 10.2%, 69.4%, and 76.6%, respectively. After adjusting for other factors on MLR, the probability of diagnosis and need for treatment of latent TB in contacts was higher in most types of facilities than in schools. Conversely, treatment completion rates in these facilities were lower. Notably, the correctional institutions showed the highest odds ratio (OR) relative to school for LTBI diagnosis (OR, 6.37) and need for treatment (OR, 4.49) and the lowest OR for treatment completion (OR, 0.10). CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence for the implementation of latent TB control policies in congregated settings. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31074252/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e138 id: cord-334284-rut6mheb author: Kim, Harin title: Psychological Impact of Quarantine on Caregivers at a Children''s Hospital for Contact with Case of COVID-19 date: 2020-07-08 words: 1863.0 sentences: 104.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334284-rut6mheb.txt summary: title: Psychological Impact of Quarantine on Caregivers at a Children''s Hospital for Contact with Case of COVID-19 Thus, we aimed to identify the psychological and behavioral responses and stressors of caregivers quarantined with young patients after a close contact to a coronavirus disease 2019 case at a children''s hospital. A multidisciplinary team including infection control team, pediatrician, psychiatrist, nursing staff and legal department provided supplies and services to reduce caregiver''s psychological distress. As a result, 62 patients and 72 caregivers were quarantined at four COVID-19 isolation units of our children''s hospital for 2 weeks according to the incubation period of SARS-CoV-2. The psychological and behavioral responses and stressors of the caregivers were classified according to Brooks et al.''s review, 6 which extensively revealed numerous emotional outcomes as well as specific stressors of quarantined people and of health care providers. In conclusion, mandatory quarantine at a children''s hospital due to contact with a patient with COVID-19 had notable psychological impacts on the caregivers. abstract: Quarantine often provokes negative psychological consequences. Thus, we aimed to identify the psychological and behavioral responses and stressors of caregivers quarantined with young patients after a close contact to a coronavirus disease 2019 case at a children's hospital. More than 90% of the caregivers reported feelings of worry and nervousness, while some of them reported suicidal ideations (4.2%), and/or homicidal ideations (1.4%). Fear of infection of the patient (91.7%) and/or oneself (86.1%) were most frequently reported stressors. A multidisciplinary team including infection control team, pediatrician, psychiatrist, nursing staff and legal department provided supplies and services to reduce caregiver's psychological distress. Psychotropic medication was needed in five (6.9%), one of whom was admitted to the psychiatry department due to suicidality. Quarantine at a children's hospital makes notable psychological impacts on the caregivers and a multidisciplinary approach is required. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32686372/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e255 id: cord-289370-3n56low4 author: Kim, Hong Nyun title: A Case of COVID-19 with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock date: 2020-07-08 words: 1857.0 sentences: 112.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-289370-3n56low4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-289370-3n56low4.txt summary: We herein present our first case of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with COVID-19 infection who developed AMI with cardiogenic shock during hospitalization in intensive care unit. This is the first case of a patient with COVID-19 who underwent PCI for AMI complicating cardiogenic shock. Therefore, it is necessary to closely observe and properly test ECG, cardiac enzymes, and TTE (if suspected) in patients with cardiovascular risk factors or underlying cardiovascular conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. 15, 16 However, in real-world practice, it is possible to have a significant time delay between AMI diagnosis and the actual procedure because the primary PCI of a COVID-19 patient is accompanied by the possibility of COVID-19 transmission in hospital facilities, medical staff, and other patients. In our case, although he had AMI with cardiogenic shock, primary PCI was performed at the end of the scheduled procedures to minimize exposure of other patients. abstract: A 60-year-old male patient with coronavirus disease-2019 showed new onset ST-segment elevation in V1–V2 leads on electrocardiogram and cardiac enzyme elevation in intensive care unit. He had a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. He was receiving mechanical ventilation and veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment for severe hypoxia. Two-D echocardiogram showed regional wall motion abnormalities. We performed primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction complicating cardiogenic shock under hemodynamic support. He expired on the 16th day of admission because of cardiogenic shock and multi-organ failure. Active surveillance and intensive treatment strategy are important for saving lives of COVID-19 patients with acute myocardial infarction. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e258 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e258 id: cord-260310-0gkoanrg author: Kim, Jin Yong title: Viral Load Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in First Two Patients in Korea date: 2020-02-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: As of February 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak started in China in December 2019 has been spreading in many countries in the world. With the numbers of confirmed cases are increasing, information on the epidemiologic investigation and clinical manifestation have been accumulated. However, data on viral load kinetics in confirmed cases are lacking. Here, we present the viral load kinetics of the first two confirmed patients with mild to moderate illnesses in Korea in whom distinct viral load kinetics are shown. This report suggests that viral load kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 may be different from that of previously reported other coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e86 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e86 id: cord-268907-cv0mkpzd author: Kim, Jung Heon title: An Urgent Need for Global Preparedness against the Reemergence of “Forgotten” Infectious Diseases in Korea date: 2018-04-04 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29686596/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e125 id: cord-344235-rd6cylsl author: Kim, Kyung Mi title: Potential Hazards of Concern in the Walk-Through Screening System for the Corona Virus Disease 2019 from the Perspective of Infection Preventionists date: 2020-04-14 words: 839.0 sentences: 53.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344235-rd6cylsl.txt summary: Since 70% alcohol is used in relatively small areas such as stethoscopes, instrument surfaces, carts, counters, and laboratory benches, 4 it is inappropriate to disinfect the relatively large areas such as the inside of walk-through booths with alcohol. In the case of surface disinfection, a method of spraying is also being used, but it is not recommended by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines as it has uncertain coverage and may promote aerosol production. 7,8 Therefore, it is dangerous to think that it will be safe to conduct screening at short intervals without considering air changing per hour. NPIR doors should be always closed, but in the case of walk-through system, examinees frequently enter and exit, so there is a possibility that proper negative pressure may not be maintained due to the inflow of external air. The standard guideline for the prevention of health care associated infection abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32301301/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e156 id: cord-262681-2voe4r7f author: Kim, Moon-Young title: Proposal of the Autopsy Guideline for Infectious Diseases: Preparation for the Post-COVID-19 Era (abridged translation) date: 2020-08-14 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: With the rapidly spreading coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic over the past few months, the world is facing an unprecedented crisis. Innumerable lives have been lost to this novel infectious disease, the nature of which supersedes conventional medical understanding. The COVID-19 pandemic is not just a global health crisis, several aspects of life in the post-COVID-19 era are also being contemplated. Experts in unison are warning that the upcoming changes in all areas of life could potentially be far more drastic than ever experienced in the entire human civilization. The medical community is no exception, and therefore, personnel involved in forensic medicine also need to be adequately prepared for the future. Forensic medicine is a branch of medicine dedicated to one of the most important stages of the human lifecycle and has always been at the forefront in times of unprecedented social change. The autopsy, one of the most important tools of forensic medicine, is also useful to infectious diseases because it identifies the causal relationship between death and infection, reveals medical and epidemiological knowledge, and provides objective evidence for legal disputes. We present new autopsy guidelines in forensic medicine, formulated based on the various infectious diseases that we presently live with and may encounter in the future. In formulation of these guidelines several considerations have been taken into account, namely, the role forensic pathologists should play in the post-COVID-19 era and the necessary preparations as well as the support needed from society to fulfill that role. The present COVID-19 outbreak should be a starting point for formulating improvements in current practices in forensic science, including autopsy biosafety practices and the medicolegal death investigation system. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32830471/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e310 id: cord-321748-9a54ekac author: Kim, Sang Il title: Walk-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: an Accessible and Efficient Screening System in a Pandemic Situation date: 2020-04-14 words: 2852.0 sentences: 167.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321748-9a54ekac.txt summary: A walk-through (WT) screening center using negative pressure booths that is inspired by the biosafety cabinet has been designed and implemented in Korea for easy screening of COVID-19 and for safe and efficient consultation for patients with fever or respiratory symptoms. These limitations can be overcome using mobile technology and increasing the number of booths to reduce congestion inside the center, reducing booth volume for sufficient and rapid ventilation, and using an effective, harmless, and certified environmental disinfectant. Environmental cleaning is performed in the following order: ventilation after the patient has left, disinfection of the surface of the booth including gloves and ventilation after disinfection. The CDC guidelines recommend applying a United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)registered disinfectant against SARS-CoV-2 for environmental cleaning and disinfection in healthcare settings, including those patient-care areas where aerosol-generating procedures were performed. abstract: With the ongoing novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the number of individuals that need to be tested for COVID-19 has been rapidly increasing. A walk-through (WT) screening center using negative pressure booths that is inspired by the biosafety cabinet has been designed and implemented in Korea for easy screening of COVID-19 and for safe and efficient consultation for patients with fever or respiratory symptoms. Here, we present the overall concept, advantages, and limitations of the COVID-19 WT screening center. The WT center increases patient access to the screening clinics and adequately protects healthcare personnel while reducing the consumption of personal protective equipment. It can also increase the number of people tested by 9–10 fold. However, there is a risk of cross-infection at each stage of screening treatment, including the booths, and adverse reactions with disinfection of the booths. These limitations can be overcome using mobile technology and increasing the number of booths to reduce congestion inside the center, reducing booth volume for sufficient and rapid ventilation, and using an effective, harmless, and certified environmental disinfectant. A WT center can be implemented in other institutions and countries and modified depending on local needs to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32301300/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e154 id: cord-000964-ysyz3grd author: Kim, Soo Jin title: Incidence and Mortality Rates of Disasters and Mass Casualty Incidents in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study, 2000-2009 date: 2013-05-02 words: 4166.0 sentences: 187.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000964-ysyz3grd.txt summary: We calculated the nationwide incidence, as well as the crude mortality and injury incidence rates, of disasters and MCIs. The data were collected from the administrative database of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and from provincial fire departments from January 2000 to December 2009. Disaster and MCI-related research in Korea has mostly focused on the establishment of a national disaster management system (12) , the role of disaster management agencies (13) , database (DB) building for disaster prevention (14) , and descriptive studies on post-disaster stress management (15) , post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (16) , hospital disaster (17) , incidents at mass gatherings and sporting events and building collapses (18, 19) . We aimed to calculate the incidence, mortality and overall rates of disasters and MCIs and to examine their relationship with population characteristics, using health-related indicators based on disaster/MCI database of NEMA to facilitate future compari-son of disasters and MCIs between domestic and foreign cases. abstract: The objective of study was to evaluate the incidence and mortality rates of disasters and mass casualty incidents (MCIs) over the past 10 yr in the administrative system of Korea administrative system and to examine their relationship with population characteristics. This was a population-based cross-sectional study. We calculated the nationwide incidence, as well as the crude mortality and injury incidence rates, of disasters and MCIs. The data were collected from the administrative database of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) and from provincial fire departments from January 2000 to December 2009. A total of 47,169 events were collected from the NEMA administrative database. Of these events, 115 and 3,079 cases were defined as disasters and MCIs that occurred in Korea, respectively. The incidence of technical disasters/MCIs was approximately 12.7 times greater than that of natural disasters/MCIs. Over the past 10 yr, the crude mortality rates for disasters and MCIs were 2.36 deaths per 100,000 persons and 6.78 deaths per 100,000 persons, respectively. The crude injury incidence rates for disasters and MCIs were 25.47 injuries per 100,000 persons and 152 injuries per 100,000 persons, respectively. The incidence and mortality of disasters/MCIs in Korea seem to be low compared to that of trend around the world. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3653076/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.5.658 id: cord-338181-9sgygg8x author: Kim, Sun-Kyung title: Universal Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 with Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing after Rally of Trainee Doctors date: 2020-10-27 words: 549.0 sentences: 48.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338181-9sgygg8x.txt summary: title: Universal Screening of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 with Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing after Rally of Trainee Doctors There were two rallies of medical students and trainee doctors, where 9,000 participants gathered. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based universal screening for the participants using pooling at a tertiary care hospital. Our data suggested low transmission rates in open air mass gatherings when appropriate personal protective practices were followed. A total of 646 trainee doctors and medical students participated in the rally at least once. The number of participants in the second rally was 555 (67 interns, 300 residents, 131 clinical fellows, and 27 medical students). 4 To mitigate the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the rally of Korean trainee doctors, we developed an action plan and an app-based system for notification of COVID-19 symptoms. In conclusion, our study provides important information regarding low transmission rates in mass gatherings at open space when appropriate personal protective practices are followed. abstract: There were two rallies of medical students and trainee doctors, where 9,000 participants gathered. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based universal screening for the participants using pooling at a tertiary care hospital. Around 609 (94%) of 646 participants underwent PCR tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; all of them tested negative. Our data suggested low transmission rates in open air mass gatherings when appropriate personal protective practices were followed. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e380 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e380 id: cord-323449-r1gyjxei author: Kim, Uh Jin title: Air and Environmental Contamination Caused by COVID-19 Patients: a Multi-Center Study date: 2020-09-08 words: 2012.0 sentences: 141.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323449-r1gyjxei.txt summary: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of air and surface contamination of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in four health care facilities with hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that remote (> 2 m) airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from hospitalized COVID-19 patients is uncommon when aerosol-generating procedures have not been performed. 10, 11 The objectives of the present study were 1) to investigate air and environmental contamination caused by COVID-19 patients in a variety of hospital settings; 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental cleaning; and 3) to examine the potential for remote airborne transmission in the absence of aerosol-generating procedures. Despite extensive surface sampling, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in the room in Hospital B (AIIR with routine surface cleansing using disinfectant wipes the patient''s respiratory samples (Ct value 22.4-28.9) (Fig. 1B) . abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of air and surface contamination of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in four health care facilities with hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. METHODS: We investigated air and environmental contamination in the rooms of eight COVID-19 patients in four hospitals. Some patients were in negative-pressure rooms, and others were not. None had undergone aerosol-generating procedures. On days 0, 3, 5, and 7 of hospitalization, the surfaces in the rooms and anterooms were swabbed, and air samples were collected 2 m from the patient and from the anterooms. RESULTS: All 52 air samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Widespread surface contamination of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was observed. In total, 89 of 320 (27%) environmental surface samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Surface contamination of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was common in rooms without surface disinfection and in rooms sprayed with disinfectant twice a day. However, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in a room cleaned with disinfectant wipes on a regular basis. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that remote (> 2 m) airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from hospitalized COVID-19 patients is uncommon when aerosol-generating procedures have not been performed. Surface contamination was widespread, except in a room routinely cleaned with disinfectant wipes. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e332 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e332 id: cord-304526-hoybp1h6 author: Kwon, Ki Tae title: Drive-Through Screening Center for COVID-19: a Safe and Efficient Screening System against Massive Community Outbreak date: 2020-03-16 words: 1484.0 sentences: 86.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304526-hoybp1h6.txt summary: For safe and efficient screening for COVID-19, drive-through (DT) screening centers have been designed and implemented in Korea. Personal protective equipment (PPE) of inner and outer gloves, N95 respirator, eye-shield/face shield/goggles, and hooded coverall/gown is required for the HCWs who may have direct contact with testees. Specimen collection Drive-through COVID screening center is important since the examination work requires professionalism among all the DT stages, and this manpower pool is sparse during an outbreak situation. The main timeconsuming factor in the conventional COVID-19 screening system is the time required for ventilation and cleaning of the specimen collection room. 8 However, this time for ventilation and cleaning is not required for the DT screening system because testees'' cars are used as specimen collection rooms. In addition to the improved efficiency, the DT screening system can also exclude the risk of cross-infection between testees at the waiting space of conventional screening centers, for testees'' own cars work as isolation units throughout the test course. abstract: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is ongoing, the number of individuals to be tested for COVID-19 is rapidly increasing. For safe and efficient screening for COVID-19, drive-through (DT) screening centers have been designed and implemented in Korea. Herein, we present the overall concept, advantages, and limitations of the COVID-19 DT screening centers. The steps of the DT centers include registration, examination, specimen collection, and instructions. The entire service takes about 10 minutes for one testee without leaving his or her cars. Increased testing capacity over 100 tests per day and prevention of cross-infection between testees in the waiting space are the major advantages, while protection of staff from the outdoor atmosphere is challenging. It could be implemented in other countries to cope with the global COVID-19 outbreak and transformed according to their own situations. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e123 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e123 id: cord-304345-efic9sqh author: Kym, Sungmin title: Fast Screening Systems for COVID-19 date: 2020-04-14 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e153 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e153 id: cord-271277-z0o7bhzr author: Lee, Jacob title: COVID-19 Screening Center: How to Balance between the Speed and Safety? date: 2020-04-16 words: 584.0 sentences: 42.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271277-z0o7bhzr.txt summary: In order to minimize cross-contamination during the process of specimen collection, aprons and gloves should be worn in addition to personal protective equipment, and the apron and gloves should be changed for each patient. If the medical staff responsible for collecting samples is not sufficiently trained, cross-contamination may occur while wearing the apron and gloves. There is no way to preserve patient safety and prevent sample contamination unless the gloves fixed to the booth are changed for every patient. In order to increase the speed of sample collection at the WT screening centers, the number of booths should be increased. The closed booth WT screening center risks the possibility of cross-contamination due to fixed gloves, in addition to the ventilation issues after environmental sterilization, thus leading to the creation of an outdoor WT screening center. Gloves and aprons must be replaced for every patient.Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, various screening centers are being set up in Korea. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32301302/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e157 id: cord-349680-rz2ep5jf author: Lee, Jacob title: Better Understanding on MERS Corona Virus Outbreak in Korea date: 2015-06-10 words: 853.0 sentences: 53.0 pages: flesch: 67.0 cache: ./cache/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349680-rz2ep5jf.txt summary: In June 2012, the first human with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection was found in Saudi Arabia. MERS is suspected to spread from animals to humans like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). One person among the 36 patients exposed in the Hospital B left for China through Hong Kong, because the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) could not confirm the exposure to the index case. Medical staffs who were involved in treating some of the patients with MERS-CoV were also infected (2) . If Korea also follows the outbreak pattern of the Middle East, I expect more tertiary infection will be developed. At present, the Korea CDC should focus on close monitoring of medical staffs and patients or visitors who have been exposed to the index, secondary, and tertiary cases in hospitals. Hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26130942/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.7.835 id: cord-338057-ycmr9prw author: Lee, Jae Hoon title: An Appropriate Lower Respiratory Tract Specimen Is Essential for Diagnosis of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) date: 2015-07-15 words: 1314.0 sentences: 73.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338057-ycmr9prw.txt summary: title: An Appropriate Lower Respiratory Tract Specimen Is Essential for Diagnosis of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) He briefly summarized the ongoing status of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak and emphasized close monitoring of medical staffs, patients, and visitors, and timely well-designed briefings to mass media. Some reasons that could be considered for the delayed diagnosis of MERS include: 1) low initial viral load and shedding, and 2) poor sample collection in patients with "no cough" or dry cough. In re-evaluating the patient''s diagnostic history, his viral load could have been low due to the early phase of disease and/or could have been falsely negative due to inadequate dry coughlinked respiratory samples. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques Clinical features and viral diagnosis of two cases of infection with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus: a report of nosocomial transmission abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26240502/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.8.1207 id: cord-301553-bq8h13np author: Lee, Jaehyeon title: Letter to the Editor: The Interpretation of COVID-19 Seroprevalence Study Should Be Cautious date: 2020-09-10 words: 1034.0 sentences: 66.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301553-bq8h13np.txt summary: Conceptualization: Lee Third, although the authors have acknowledged selection bias, they should recognize that the patient group had more of health-related issues compared with general population, resulting limited generalizability of the study. However, when an antibody test is performed to estimate seroprevalence at the population level, even a serological test with moderate sensitivity and specificity is acceptable 5 because of the tradeoff between false-positive and false-negative cases. Moreover, despite the possibility of selection bias, we believe that the size of missing undiagnosed cases in Daegu should be estimated because it is one of most important reasons underlying any seroprevalence study during the epidemic. Currently, however, even a population-based seroprevalence survey with a perfect serological assay may not validly estimate the size of missing undiagnosed cases in Daegu because of antibody loss in many previously infected cases. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e338 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e338 id: cord-277144-106q6ae0 author: Lee, Ji Yeon title: Risk Factors for Mortality and Respiratory Support in Elderly Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Korea date: 2020-06-11 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: The mortality risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is higher in patients with older age, and many elderly patients are reported to require advanced respiratory support. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 98 patients aged ≥ 65 years who were hospitalized with COVID-19 during a regional outbreak in Daegu/Gyeongsangbuk-do province of Korea. The outcome measures were in-hospital mortality and the treatment with mechanical ventilation (MV) or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 72 years; 55.1% were female. Most (74.5%) had at least one underlying condition. Overall case fatality rate (CFR) was 20.4%, and median time to death after admission was 8 days. The CFR was 6.1% among patients aged 65–69 years, 22.7% among those aged 70–79 years, and 38.1% among those aged ≥ 80 years. The CFR among patients who required MV was 43.8%, and the proportion of patients received MV/HFNC was 28.6%. Nosocomial acquisition, diabetes, chronic lung diseases, and chronic neurologic diseases were significant risk factors for both death and MV/HFNC. Hypotension, hypoxia, and altered mental status on admission were also associated with poor outcome. CRP > 8.0 mg/dL was strongly associated with MV/HFNC (odds ratio, 26.31; 95% confidence interval, 7.78–88.92; P < 0.001), and showed better diagnostic characteristics compared to commonly used clinical scores. CONCLUSION: Patients aged ≥ 80 years had a high risk of requiring MV/HFNC, and mortality among those severe patients was very high. Severe initial presentation and laboratory abnormalities, especially high CRP, were identified as risk factors for mortality and severe hospital course. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32537957/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e223 id: cord-320022-e3ti4doi author: Lee, Jin title: Do We Really Need to Isolate All Children with COVID-19 in Healthcare Facilities? date: 2020-07-22 words: 1367.0 sentences: 70.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320022-e3ti4doi.txt summary: While such methods are being enforced for strict infection control at the national level in response to COVID-19, most countries-including the United States and many in Europeallow people who are asymptomatic or those with mild symptoms be placed under selfisolation for at-home treatment ( Table 1) . With respect to the recently updated Korean isolation release criteria, 4,5 asymptomatic cases can be released from isolation if they 1) develop no clinical symptoms for 10 days after being confirmed, OR 2) receive two consecutive negative PCR test results taken at least 24 hours 2/4 https://jkms.org https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e277 For symptomatic patients: 10 days after symptom onset, plus at least 3 days without symptoms (without fever and respiratory symptoms). The decision of location should be made on a case-bycase basis and will depend on the clinical presentation, requirement for supportive care, potential risk factors for severe disease, and conditions at home, including the presence of vulnerable persons in the household. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e277 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e277 id: cord-297965-3bdv6ady author: Lee, Sun Young title: Operation and Management of Seoul Metropolitan City Community Treatment Center for Mild Condition COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-10-12 words: 4148.0 sentences: 252.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt txt: ./txt/cord-297965-3bdv6ady.txt summary: BACKGROUND: In response to the disaster of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) established a patient facility for mild condition patients other than hospital. CONCLUSION: In the time of an infectious disease disaster, a metropolitan city can operate a temporary patient facility such as CTC to make a surge capacity and appropriately allocate scarce medical resource. To respond the shortage of medical resource due to COVID-19 outbreak, the Korean government introduced a temporary patient facility called community treatment centers (CTCs). To prepare and respond second wave of COVID-19 epidemic and future emerging infectious disease disaster, analysis of operation of actual CTC and information of patient triage in the community is needed. 1,34 In a metropolitan city with a population of 10 million, through operating the two-stage surge capacity consisting of dedicated COVID-19 hospitals and CTCs, allocating scarce hospital resources to critically ill patients was possible. abstract: BACKGROUND: In response to the disaster of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) established a patient facility for mild condition patients other than hospital. This study was conducted to investigate the operation and necessary resources of a community treatment center (CTC) operated in Seoul, a metropolitan city with a population of 10 million. METHODS: To respond COVID-19 epidemic, the SMG designated 5 municipal hospitals as dedicated COVID-19 hospitals and implemented one CTC cooperated with the Boramae Municipal Hospital for COVID-19 patients in Seoul. As a retrospective cross-sectional observational study, retrospective medical records review was conducted for patients admitted to the Seoul CTC. The admission and discharge route of CTC patients were investigated. The patient characteristics were compared according to route of discharge whether the patient was discharged to home or transferred to hospital. To report the operation of CTC, the daily mean number of tests (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and chest X-ray) and consultations by medical staffs were calculated per week. The list of frequent used medications and who used medication most frequently were investigated. RESULTS: Until May 27 when the Seoul CTC was closed, 26.5% (n = 213) of total 803 COVID-19 patients in Seoul were admitted to the CTC. It was 35.7% (n = 213) of 597 newly diagnosed patients in Seoul during the 11 weeks of operation. The median length of stay was 21 days (interquartile range, 12–29 days). A total of 191 patients (89.7%) were discharged to home after virologic remission and 22 (10.3%) were transferred to hospital for further treatment. Fifty percent of transferred patients were within a week since CTC admission. Daily 2.5–3.6 consultations by doctors or nurses and 0.4–0.9 tests were provided to one patient. The most frequently prescribed medication was symptomatic medication for COVID-19 (cough/sputum and rhinorrhea). The next ranking was psychiatric medication for sleep problem and depression/anxiety, which was prescribed more than digestive drug. CONCLUSION: In the time of an infectious disease disaster, a metropolitan city can operate a temporary patient facility such as CTC to make a surge capacity and appropriately allocate scarce medical resource. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33075858/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e367 id: cord-349646-imv0sc9y author: Lee, Yonghyun title: Prevalence and Duration of Acute Loss of Smell or Taste in COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-05-06 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Initially, acute loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia) was not considered important symptoms for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To determine the prevalence of these symptoms and to evaluate their diagnostic significance, we (approximately 150 physicians of the Daegu Medical Association) prospectively collected data of cases of anosmia and ageusia from March 8, 2020, via telephone interview among 3,191 patients in Daegu, Korea. Acute anosmia or ageusia was observed in 15.3% (488/3,191) patients in the early stage of COVID-19 and in 15.7% (367/2,342) patients with asymptomatic-to-mild disease severity. Their prevalence was significantly more common among females and younger individuals (P = 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Most patients with anosmia or ageusia recovered within 3 weeks. The median time to recovery was 7 days for both symptoms. Anosmia and ageusia seem to be part of important symptoms and clues for the diagnosis of COVID-19, particularly in the early stage of the disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32383370/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e174 id: cord-270922-7z0n78ja author: Lee, You Hyun title: Characteristics of Ocular Manifestations of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Daegu Province, Korea date: 2020-09-01 words: 2347.0 sentences: 133.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt txt: ./txt/cord-270922-7z0n78ja.txt summary: No significant differences were determined in terms of positivity of ocular symptoms between the first-episode group (12 patients, 16.9%) and the relapsed group (10 patients, 31.3%, P > 0.05). 6 also reported conjunctivitis as an ocular finding in COVID-19 patients, demonstrating a positive correlation with higher white blood cell and neutrophil counts and higher levels of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and lactate dehydrogenase in Hubei, China. Blood test results indicated significantly higher values of procalcitonin, neutrophil count, monocyte count, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate transaminase, and alanine transaminase in the first-episode group compared to the relapsed group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the positivity of ocular symptoms between the first-episode group (12 patients, 16 .9%) and relapsed group (10 patients, 31.3%, P = 0.18). Other factors such as age; total duration of hospitalization; gender; presence of pneumonia, diabetes, or hypertension; and other blood test results showed no significant difference between the ocular symptom-positive and -negative groups (P > 0.05). abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reportedly affected almost 23 million people, with more than 800 thousand deaths globally. There have been a few reports on the ocular manifestations of COVID-19 patients in China but no reports in Korea. The present study aimed to examine ocular manifestations of COVID-19 patients in Korea. METHODS: COVID-19 patients admitted from March 2020 to April 2020 at Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital and Keimyung University Daegu Dongsan Hospital were reviewed retrospectively for ocular manifestations. During the period of hospitalization, ocular symptoms as well as blood test results were noted and analyzed. Patients were then divided into the first-episode and relapsed group and ocular symptoms were analyzed in the groups. RESULTS: A total of 103 patients were included in this study. Among them, 71patients were in the first-episode group and 32 patients in the relapsed group. No significant differences were determined in terms of positivity of ocular symptoms between the first-episode group (12 patients, 16.9%) and the relapsed group (10 patients, 31.3%, P > 0.05). Symptoms of positive upper respiratory infection and lower creatine phosphokinase were determined to be related to positive ocular symptoms. Conjunctival congestion was noted in seven patients. In the subgroup analysis, the conjunctival congestion-positive patients exhibited higher positivity of upper respiratory infection symptoms (100%) as compared with those in the negative group (40%, P = 0.017). CONCLUSION: Positive upper respiratory infection symptoms and lower creatine phosphokinase were determined to be related to ocular symptoms in COVID-19 patients. Among these patients, positive upper respiratory infection symptoms were associated with conjunctival congestion. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e322 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e322 id: cord-323326-p7vrlmrf author: Min, Jinsoo title: End-stage Renal Disease and Risk of Active Tuberculosis: a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study date: 2018-12-13 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: The converging epidemics of tuberculosis (TB) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have generated a significant public health burden, however, previous studies have been limited to a small number of patients. This nationwide cohort study aimed to assess the rate of developing active TB among patients receiving dialysis for ESRD. METHODS: The Korean national health insurance database was used to identify patients receiving dialysis for new-onset ESRD during 2004–2013, who were propensity score matched to an equivalent number of non-dialysis subjects from the general population. The incidences of active TB in the ESRD and control cohorts were calculated for 2004–2013, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the ESRD-related risk of active TB. RESULTS: During 2004–2013, 59,584 patients received dialysis for newly diagnosed ESRD. In the dialysis and control cohorts, 457 (0.8%) and 125 (0.2%) cases of active TB were detected, respectively. Patients with ESRD were associated with a significantly higher risk of active TB compared to the controls (incidence rate ratio, 4.80). The ESRD cohort had an independently elevated risk of active TB (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.39; 95% confidence interval, 3.60–5.37). CONCLUSION: We found that patients receiving dialysis for ESRD had an elevated risk of active TB. These results highlight the need for detailed and well-organised guidelines for active TB screening among patients with ESRD. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30595682/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e341 id: cord-344969-q1wqfeh7 author: Min, Kyung-Duk title: Estimating the Effectiveness of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Control in Korea date: 2020-09-01 words: 4271.0 sentences: 227.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344969-q1wqfeh7.txt summary: Using the Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain algorithm with Gibbs'' sampling method, we estimated the time-varying effective contact rate to calibrate the model with the reported daily new confirmed cases from February 12th to March 31st (7 weeks). In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of various NPIs, including social distancing in adults, spring semester postponement, diagnostic testing, and contact tracing, using the developed mathematical model and scenario analysis. In this study, we estimated the expected epidemic size of COVID-19 in Korea, if social distancing among adults in March was more relaxed while maintaining the effective contact rate at a higher level than the status quo (Fig. 3) . The increase level of effective contact rate for the school opening scenario was obtained from increase level of effective contract rate by school opening in March 2019 using a mathematical model for varicella among adolescence; c Scenario 3 employed a lower detection rate (γ) and quarantine probability (ν) to evaluate the effectiveness of extensive diagnostic testing and contact tracing; d Effective contact rate-related parameters for status quo were estimated by calibration with reported data of confirmed COVID-19 cases. abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed significant global public health challenges and created a substantial economic burden. Korea has experienced an extensive outbreak, which was linked to a religion-related super-spreading event. However, the implementation of various non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including social distancing, spring semester postponing, and extensive testing and contact tracing controlled the epidemic. Herein, we estimated the effectiveness of each NPI using a simulation model. METHODS: A compartment model with a susceptible-exposed-infectious-quarantined-hospitalized structure was employed. Using the Monte-Carlo-Markov-Chain algorithm with Gibbs' sampling method, we estimated the time-varying effective contact rate to calibrate the model with the reported daily new confirmed cases from February 12th to March 31st (7 weeks). Moreover, we conducted scenario analyses by adjusting the parameters to estimate the effectiveness of NPI. RESULTS: Relaxed social distancing among adults would have increased the number of cases 27.4-fold until the end of March. Spring semester non-postponement would have increased the number of cases 1.7-fold among individuals aged 0–19, while lower quarantine and detection rates would have increased the number of cases 1.4-fold. CONCLUSION: Among the three NPI measures, social distancing in adults showed the highest effectiveness. The substantial effect of social distancing should be considered when preparing for the 2nd wave of COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32893522/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e321 id: cord-297681-m0cckidw author: Na, Joo-Young title: [Secondary Publication] Standard Operating Procedure for Post-mortem Inspection in a Focus on Coronavirus Disease-19: the Korean Society for Legal Medicine date: 2020-08-13 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and emerged in Wuhan, China, in late 2019. It resulted in a worldwide pandemic, and spread through community transmission in the Republic of Korea (ROK). In the ROK, SARS-CoV-2 is categorized as a first-degree infectious disease of the legal communicable disease present. The Korean Society for Legal Medicine (KSLM) is the sole official academic association of forensic professionals in the ROK. As such, this society has played an important role in forensic medicine and science in the ROK. Therefore, KSLM suggests a standard operating procedure for the postmortem inspection in a focus on COVID-19. This article includes the background of this suggested standard operation procedure, basic principles for postmortem inspections of individuals suggested of having an infectious disease, and specific procedures according to the probability level of SARS-CoV-2 infection. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32830469/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e302 id: cord-283512-qly8iclf author: Na, Ki Ryang title: Acute Kidney Injury and Kidney Damage in COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-07-07 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This disease, which is quickly spreading worldwide, has high potential for infection and causes rapid progression of lung lesions, resulting in a high mortality rate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on renal function in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: From February 21 to April 24, 2020, 66 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 at Chungnam National University Hospital were analyzed; all patients underwent routine urinalysis and were tested for serum creatinine, urine protein to creatinine ratio (PCR), and urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR). RESULTS: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 3 (4.5%) of the 66 patients, and 1 patient with AKI stage 3 underwent hemodialysis. Upon follow-up, all 3 patients recovered normal renal function. Compared with patients with mild COVID-19, AKI (n = 3) occurred in patients with severe COVID-19, of whom both urine PCR and ACR were markedly increased. CONCLUSION: The incidence of AKI was not high in COVID-19 patients. The lower mortality rate in SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with previous Middle East respiratory syndrome and SARS-CoV infections is thought to be associated with a low incidence of dysfunction in organs other than the lungs. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32686373/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e257 id: cord-259906-9em5tjya author: Park, Ji Young title: First Pediatric Case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea date: 2020-03-16 words: 1966.0 sentences: 113.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt txt: ./txt/cord-259906-9em5tjya.txt summary: Because the patient closely contacted her uncle and her mother, she was screened for COVID-19, and three screening tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were all negative on day 1 and 4 since her uncle''s diagnosis (February 1) and day 2 from the last exposure (February 5) to her mother. As the number of confirmed cases surges in Korea, data on pediatric patients need to be comprehensively analyzed to further describe the clinical findings and to learn the role of children in a COVID-19 pandemic. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Correlation of chest CT and RT-PCR testing in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: a report of 1014 cases abstract: The large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that started in Wuhan, China has now spread to many countries worldwide. Current epidemiologic knowledge suggests that relatively few cases are seen among children, which limits opportunities to address pediatric specific issues on infection control and the children's contribution to viral spread in the community. Here, we report the first pediatric case of COVID-19 in Korea. The 10-year-old girl was a close contact of her uncle and her mother who were confirmed to have COVID-19. In this report, we present mild clinical course of her pneumonia that did not require antiviral treatment and serial viral test results from multiple specimens. Lastly, we raise concerns on the optimal strategy of self-quarantine and patient care in a negative isolation room for children. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e124 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e124 id: cord-320669-7acoduj3 author: Park, Peong Gang title: Out-of-Hospital Cohort Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients with Mild Symptoms in Korea: an Experience from a Single Community Treatment Center date: 2020-03-31 words: 2215.0 sentences: 110.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320669-7acoduj3.txt summary: To allocate medical resources efficiently, Korea implemented a novel institution for the purpose of treating patients with cohort isolation out of hospital, namely the Community Treatment Center (CTC). To allocate medical resources efficiently, a novel institution with the purpose of treating patients with cohort isolation out of the hospital, namely the Community Treatment Center (CTC), was designed and implemented in Korea. The CTC is an independent building outside a hospital based on the concept that patients with mild symptoms do not require advanced medical resources, although they require isolation to prevent transmission and active surveillance in case they develop more severe symptoms. Candidates for CTC admission were confirmed COVID-19 patients with real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) method and considered by authorities as patients without severe symptoms using guidelines from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). abstract: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a worldwide pandemic. Less than 6 weeks after the first confirmed cases in Korea, the patient number exceeded 5,000, which overcrowded limited hospital resources and forced confirmed patients to stay at home. To allocate medical resources efficiently, Korea implemented a novel institution for the purpose of treating patients with cohort isolation out of hospital, namely the Community Treatment Center (CTC). Herein, we report results of the initial management of patients at one of the largest CTC in Korea. A total of 309 patients were admitted to our CTC. During the first two weeks, 7 patients were transferred to the hospital because of symptom aggravation and 107 patients were discharged without any complication. Although it is a novel concept and may have some limitations, CTC may be a very cost-effective and resource-saving strategy in managing massive cases of COVID-19 or other emerging infectious diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32242347/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e140 id: cord-319024-11cdzkrs author: Park, Seon-Cheol title: Secondary Emotional Reactions to the COVID-19 Outbreak Should Be Identified and Treated in Korea date: 2020-04-23 words: 1140.0 sentences: 72.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-319024-11cdzkrs.txt summary: The "primary emotional reaction" during the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea may be considered the fear or anxiety of the physical disease itself, or the "contagion" myth, directly related to infectious diseases. With respect to the primary emotional reaction, mental health care should focus on patients in isolation, individuals in quarantine, and healthcare workers who treat COVID-19 cases. The "secondary emotional reaction", beyond the anxiety of the physical disease itself, or the contagion myth, may be considered the other psychological consequence of the COVID-19 outbreak. 3 Consequently, we introduce herein two groups who should urgently be considered for care in Korea due to secondary emotional reactions prompted by the COVID-19 outbreak. Mental health care related to the COVID-19 outbreak in Korea should cover not only primary emotional reactions, but also secondary emotional reactions. Also, pro-active care for secondary emotional reactions in Shincheonji congregants and the economically weak is of key importance. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e161 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e161 id: cord-282293-pdhjl508 author: Park, Wan Beom title: Isolation of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from a Patient of the 2015 Korean Outbreak date: 2016-01-14 words: 1575.0 sentences: 90.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282293-pdhjl508.txt summary: title: Isolation of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from a Patient of the 2015 Korean Outbreak During the 2015 outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Korea, 186 persons were infected, resulting in 38 fatalities. Full-length genome sequence of the virus isolate was obtained and phylogenetic analyses showed that it clustered with clade B of MERS-CoV. On May 27, 2015, he was unknowingly exposed to the index case (designated as patient number 14 by Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare) of the hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) at emergency department of a hospital (10) . For full-length genome sequencing of the virus isolate (MERS-CoV Hu/KOR/SNU1_035/2015), Vero cell monolayer showing cytopathic effects was harvested and used for RNA extraction. A previous study about S gene of MERS-CoV reported from Korea showed that a culture isolate from patient number 002 contained two nonsynonymous variants (S137R and V530L) (14) . abstract: During the 2015 outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in Korea, 186 persons were infected, resulting in 38 fatalities. We isolated MERS-CoV from the oropharyngeal sample obtained from a patient of the outbreak. Cytopathic effects showing detachment and rounding of cells were observed in Vero cell cultures 3 days after inoculation of the sample. Spherical virus particles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Full-length genome sequence of the virus isolate was obtained and phylogenetic analyses showed that it clustered with clade B of MERS-CoV. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2016.31.2.315 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.2.315 id: cord-286930-c1zkjdgf author: Park, Won-Ju title: Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus IgG among Healthy Young Adults in Basic Training for the Republic of Korea Air Force date: 2014-09-02 words: 1576.0 sentences: 89.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286930-c1zkjdgf.txt summary: title: Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus IgG among Healthy Young Adults in Basic Training for the Republic of Korea Air Force Nine basic trainees belonging to the RSV IgG negative and equivocal grey zone categories were prospectively observed for any particular vulnerability to respiratory infection during the training period of two months. Recent studies revealed that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) would also be a significant pathogen that causes respiratory infection and an outbreak of febrile illness in the military (2, 3) . This study attempted to verify the seroprevalence of RSV IgG among healthy young adults in their early twenties who had just been admitted to the Korea Air Force basic training camp. In an effort to verify the increased vulnerability to respiratory infection for the RSV IgG negative or equivocal grey zone recruits during the training period, the medical records for all 570 subjects were verified in the basic training camp. abstract: This investigation enrolled 570 healthy young males gathered from all over the country for military service at the Republic of Korea Air Force boot camp. It confirmed RSV IgG seroprevalence by utilizing the enzyme immunoassay method just prior to undergoing basic training. The mean age of this study was 20.25±1.34 yr old. The results of their immunoassay seroprofiles showed that 561 men (98.4%) were positive, 2 (0.4%) were negative and 7 (1.2%) were equivocal belonging to the grey zone. It was confirmed that RSV is a common respiratory virus and RSV infection was encountered by almost all people before reaching adulthood in Korea. Nine basic trainees belonging to the RSV IgG negative and equivocal grey zone categories were prospectively observed for any particular vulnerability to respiratory infection during the training period of two months. However, these nine men completed their basic training without developing any specific respiratory illness. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: [Image: see text] url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2014.29.9.1325 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.9.1325 id: cord-315181-emf4i6ir author: Ryoo, Nayoung title: Coping with Dementia in the Middle of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-10-27 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Multiple neurological complications have been associated with the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. This is a narrative review to gather information on all aspects of COVID-19 in elderly patients with cognitive impairment. First, the following three mechanisms have been proposed to underlie the neurological complications associated with COVID-19: 1) direct invasion, 2) immune and inflammatory reaction, and 3) hypoxic brain damage by COVID-19. Next, because the elderly dementia patient population is particularly vulnerable to COVID-19, we discussed risk factors and difficulties associated with cognitive disorders in this vulnerable population. We also reviewed the effects of the patient living environment in COVID-19 cases that required intensive care unit (ICU) care. Furthermore, we analyzed the impact of stringent social restrictions and COVID-19 pandemic-mediated policies on dementia patients and care providers. Finally, we provided the following strategies for working with elderly dementia patients: general preventive methods; dementia care at home and nursing facilities according to the activities of daily living and dementia characteristics; ICU care after COVID-19 infection; and public health care system and government response. We propose that longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to fully examine COVID-19 associated neurological complications, such as dementia, and the efficacy of telemedicine/telehealth care programs. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33140593/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e383 id: cord-269440-6x19xuy3 author: Seo, Min Young title: Trend of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction in COVID-19 Patients in a Quarantine Facility date: 2020-10-20 words: 2669.0 sentences: 155.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-269440-6x19xuy3.txt summary: This study evaluated olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in mild COVID-19 patients using validated assessment methods. 5, 6 Subsequent studies have reported that olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may be characteristic symptoms of COVID-19 infection, but there are limitations in assessments by validated methods. Therefore, this study was designed to assess olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in mild COVID-19 patients using validated olfactory and gustatory evaluation methods and endoscopic examination. This prospective surveillance study included mild COVID-19 patients who were isolated at Gyeonggi International Living and Treatment Support Center (LTSC) after confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using respiratory samples; all patients were interviewed daily regarding changes in olfactory and gustatory symptoms and their medical records were reviewed. To our knowledge, this study is the first to assess both olfactory and gustatory function with validated methods, with simultaneous nasal and oral endoscopic examination in mild COVID-19 patients. abstract: BACKGROUND: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction has been reported as characteristic symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study evaluated olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in mild COVID-19 patients using validated assessment methods. METHODS: A prospective surveillance study was conducted for mild COVID-19 patients who were isolated at the Gyeonggi International Living and Treatment Support Center (LTSC), Korea. Olfactory function was assessed using the Korean version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) and Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test (CC-SIT). Gustatory function was assessed using an 11-point Likert scale and 6-n-propylthiouracil, phenylthiocarbamide, and control strips. All patients underwent nasal and oral cavity endoscopic examination. RESULTS: Of the 62 patients at the LTSC, 15 patients (24.2%) complained of olfactory or gustatory dysfunction on admission. Four of 10 patients who underwent functional evaluation did not have general symptoms and 2 were asymptomatic. The mean short version of QOD-negative statements and QOD-visual analogue scale scores were 13 ± 6 and 4.7 ± 3.6, respectively. The mean CC-SIT score was 8 ± 2. No patients showed anatomical abnormalities associated with olfactory dysfunction on endoscopic examination. The mean Likert scale score for function was 8 ± 2, and there were no abnormal lesions in the oral cavity of any patient. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was 24.2% in mild COVID-19 patients. All patients had hyposmia due to sensorineural olfactory dysfunction, which was confirmed using validated olfactory and gustatory evaluation methods and endoscopic examination. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction may be characteristic indicators of mild COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33107232/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e375 id: cord-284879-sjkni2uc author: Song, Suk-Kyoon title: IgG Seroprevalence of COVID-19 among Individuals without a History of the Coronavirus Disease Infection in Daegu, Korea date: 2020-07-16 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: Seroprevalence studies of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from many countries have shown that the number of undiagnosed missing cases is much larger than that of confirmed cases, irrespective of seroprevalence levels. Considering the strategy of Korea entailing massive testing and contact tracing from the beginning of epidemic, the number of undiagnosed missing cases in Korea may be negligible. This study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of COVID-19 among individuals who were never diagnosed with COVID-19 in Daegu, the epicenter of COVID-19 epidemic in Korea. METHODS: Serologic testing for immunoglobulin G antibody based on immunochromatographic assay was conducted in 103 patients and 95 guardians aged 18 to 82 years without any history of COVID-19 diagnosis, who visited outpatient clinics of a single university-affiliated hospital from May 25 to June 5, 2020. RESULTS: The estimated seroprevalence was 7.6% (95% confidence interval, 4.3%–12.2%) with 15 positive cases. Among them, only one had a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed case among their close contacts and 13 did not experience COVID-19-related symptoms. Seroprevalence was similar between patients and guardians. Based on this figure, the number of undiagnosed missing cases in Daegu was estimated to be a dozen times more than the number of confirmed cases based on PCR testing. CONCLUSION: Despite the limitation of a small and unrepresentative sample, this is the first study on seroprevalence of COVID-19 in Korea. Our study suggested that the number of undiagnosed missing cases was substantial even with the stringent strategy adopted in Korea, similar to that of other countries. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32715672/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e269 id: cord-304010-n4gxxl5i author: Sung, Ho Kyung title: Clinical Course and Outcomes of 3,060 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea, January–May 2020 date: 2020-07-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: The fatality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) varies among countries owing to demographics, patient comorbidities, surge capacity of healthcare systems, and the quality of medical care. We assessed the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 during the first wave of the epidemic in Korea. METHODS: Using a modified World Health Organization clinical record form, we obtained clinical data for 3,060 patients with COVID-19 treated at 55 hospitals in Korea. Disease severity scores were defined as: 1) no limitation of daily activities; 2) limitation of daily activities but no need for supplemental oxygen; 3) supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula; 4) supplemental oxygen via facial mask; 5) non-invasive mechanical ventilation; 6) invasive mechanical ventilation; 7) multi-organ failure or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy; and 8) death. Recovery was defined as a severity score of 1 or 2, or discharge and release from isolation. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 43 years of age; 43.6% were male. The median time from illness onset to admission was 5 days. Of the patients with a disease severity score of 3–4 on admission, 65 (71.5%) of the 91 patients recovered, and 7 (7.7%) died due to illness by day 28. Of the patients with disease severity scores of 5–7, 7 (19.5%) of the 36 patients recovered, and 8 (22.2%) died due to illness by day 28. None of the 1,324 patients who were < 50 years of age died; in contrast, the fatality rate due to illness by day 28 was 0.5% (2/375), 0.9% (2/215), 5.8% (6/104), and 14.0% (7/50) for the patients aged 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, and ≥ 80 years of age, respectively. CONCLUSION: In Korea, almost all patients of < 50 years of age with COVID-19 recovered without supplemental oxygen. In patients of ≥ 50 years of age, the fatality rate increased with age, reaching 14% in patients of ≥ 80 years of age. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32743995/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e280 id: cord-000402-unr44dvp author: Yoo, Hyun Jung title: Gene Expression Profile during Chondrogenesis in Human Bone Marrow derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells using a cDNA Microarray date: 2011-06-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity to proliferate and differentiate into multiple connective tissue lineages, which include cartilage, bone, and fat. Cartilage differentiation and chondrocyte maturation are required for normal skeletal development, but the intracellular pathways regulating this process remain largely unclear. This study was designed to identify novel genes that might help clarify the molecular mechanisms of chondrogenesis. Chondrogenesis was induced by culturing human bone marrow (BM) derived MSCs in micromass pellets in the presence of defined medium for 3, 7, 14 or 21 days. Several genes regulated during chondrogenesis were then identified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Using an ABI microarray system, we determined the differential gene expression profiles of differentiated chondrocytes and BM-MSCs. Normalization of this data resulted in the identification of 1,486 differentially expressed genes. To verify gene expression profiles determined by microarray analysis, the expression levels of 10 genes with high fold changes were confirmed by RT-PCR. Gene expression patterns of 9 genes (Hrad6B, annexinA2, BMP-7, contactin-1, peroxiredoxin-1, heat shock transcription factor-2, synaptotagmin IV, serotonin receptor-7, Axl) in RT-PCR were similar to the microarray gene expression patterns. These findings provide novel information concerning genes involved in the chondrogenesis of human BM-MSCs. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3124712/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.7.851 id: cord-282554-hlcgutzf author: Yoo, Jin-Hong title: The Fight against the 2019-nCoV Outbreak: an Arduous March Has Just Begun date: 2020-01-30 words: 598.0 sentences: 51.0 pages: flesch: 67.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282554-hlcgutzf.txt summary: Most coronaviruses cause only mild upper respiratory infections, but sometimes they cause fatal respiratory disease and outbreaks, as experienced in cases of SARS-CoV or MERS-CoV. This disaster has been warned until recently that new mutants of coronavirus can occur anytime. As much as the 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak, we are also learning a lot of lesson from this disaster. Because epidemic is a national disaster, not only medical institutions but also governments have to be active. Our country is excellent at coping with this disaster, thanks to the experiences that we have gained during the 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak. And this outbreak is expected to have a greater amount of transmission than the 2015 MERS-CoV. Health workers, the government, and the people will need to unite to overcome this disaster. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan Surveillance case definitions for human infection with novel coronavirus (nCoV) abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31997618/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e56 id: cord-323656-bzefn894 author: Yoo, Jin-Hong title: Convalescent Plasma Therapy for Corona Virus Disease 2019: a Long Way to Go but Worth Trying date: 2020-04-06 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32281318/ doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e150 id: cord-334811-l5fxswfz author: nan title: Analysis on 54 Mortality Cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Republic of Korea from January 19 to March 10, 2020 date: 2020-03-26 words: 1850.0 sentences: 123.0 pages: flesch: 67.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334811-l5fxswfz.txt summary: Since the identification of the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the global number of confirmed cases as of March 15, 2020, is 156,400, with total death in 5,833 (3.7%) worldwide. We summarized the mortality data of 54 deceased patients when the total number of COVID-19 patients in Korea reached 7,513 as of March 10, 2020. The first fatal case (national patient number 104) occurred on February 19 and was officially reported on February 20 by Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). 10 Of note, although without significant illness, this was a 72-year-old woman who developed symptoms on February 23 and was diagnosed with It is of note that even when the total confirmed cases reached 7,513, only 247 patients were released from isolation after treatment on March 10, 2020 (Fig. 2) . The cumulative CFR of COVID-19 in Korea was 0.7% (54 deaths of total 7,513 confirmed cases) as of 0 am, March 10, 2020. abstract: Since the identification of the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the global number of confirmed cases as of March 15, 2020, is 156,400, with total death in 5,833 (3.7%) worldwide. Here, we summarize the morality data from February 19 when the first mortality occurred to 0 am, March 10, 2020, in Korea with comparison to other countries. The overall case fatality rate of COVID-19 in Korea was 0.7% as of 0 am, March 10, 2020. url: https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e132 doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e132 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel