id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-348055-azlb1zy1 Patel, Mira C. Enterovirus D-68 Infection, Prophylaxis, and Vaccination in a Novel Permissive Animal Model, the Cotton Rat (Sigmodon hispidus) 2016-11-04 .txt text/plain 7758 351 50 To determine effect of the EV-D68 infection on the induction of an inflammatory response, we focused on the lung tissue and measured the expression of cotton rat mRNA for several chemokines, Type I and Type II interferons (IFNs), cytokines, and select IFN-inducible genes following VANBT infection. As there are no current animal models for EV-D68 and information regarding relevant disease-related outcomes from human cases is limited, we herein characterized EV-D68 infection in cotton rats by measuring viral load and vRNA (negative or total) in either nose or lung tissues until 4 days p.i., assessing mRNA expression of various chemokines, IFNs, and proinflammatory cytokines, and lung histology. Although the replication cycle of VANBT appeared to be short-lived, its profile of viral titer in the nose over time (showing clear virus eclipse at 4 h, rising quickly and reaching a peak by 10 h p.i.), and their differences with the output virus obtained after infection with different strains demonstrate that VANBT replicates in upper respiratory tract of cotton rats. ./cache/cord-348055-azlb1zy1.txt ./txt/cord-348055-azlb1zy1.txt