id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-260949-w2xuf15h Galluzzi, Lorenzo Viral Control of Mitochondrial Apoptosis 2008-05-30 .txt text/plain 10923 533 37 Bcl-2/Bcl-X L stabilizes mitochondrial membranes via multiple mechanisms, including (1) the sequestration into inactive complexes of its proapoptotic counterparts, Bax, Bak, and BH3only proteins (e.g., Bid) (for review: [S65,S78]), (2) inhibitory interactions with PTPC constituents, in particular with VDAC and the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) [12, 14] , (3) an enhancement of Cyt c oxidase activity and mitochondrial respiration [S79], and/or (4) indirect effects on intracellular Ca 2+ stores of the ER [S80,S81]. With regard to this, viral factors can be classified into one of the four following subgroups: proapoptotic proteins (1) that insert into mitochondrial membranes and hence trigger MMP through the action of amphipathic a-helical domains or (2) that promote MMP indirectly, through the activition of host-encoded factors (Table 1) , and antiapoptotic modulators (3) that exhibit sequence and/or structural similarity to multidomain BH1-4 members of the Bcl-2 family (so-called viral Bcl-2 proteins [vBcl-2s]) or (4) that inhibit apoptosis via other mechanisms (Table 2) . ./cache/cord-260949-w2xuf15h.txt ./txt/cord-260949-w2xuf15h.txt