Carrel name: journal-scandJImmunol-cord Creating study carrel named journal-scandJImmunol-cord Initializing database file: cache/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.json key: cord-023372-ft8cp9op authors: Rahman, Q. K.; Wikman, M.; Vasconcelos, N.‐M.; Berzins, K.; Ståhl, S.; Fernández, C. title: The Immunomodulatory Effect of Heat Shock Protein 70: Immunization with a DNA Construct Based on the Malarial Antigen Fused with a Fragment of HSP 70 Primes for a Th‐1 Type of Response date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423aw.x sha: doc_id: 23372 cord_uid: ft8cp9op file: cache/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.json key: cord-023373-6wh1kb3p authors: Melchjorsen, J.; Bowie, A. G.; Matikainen, S.; Paludan, S. R. title: Differential Requirements for Toll‐Like Receptor Signalling for Induction of Chemokine Expression by Herpes Simplex Virus and Sendai Virus date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423r.x sha: doc_id: 23373 cord_uid: 6wh1kb3p file: cache/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.json key: cord-023388-btbf6wkg authors: Hoffmann, H. J.; Nielsen, L. P.; Blumberga, G.; Dahl, R. title: Decrease in Fine T‐cell Subset ratio MT2/MT1 During Steroid Reduction of Asthmatic Patients date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ah.x sha: doc_id: 23388 cord_uid: btbf6wkg file: cache/cord-023410-eblcf902.json key: cord-023410-eblcf902 authors: Kollgaard, T. M.; Reker, S.; Petersen, S. L.; Masmas, T. N.; Vindelov, L. L.; Straten, P. T. title: Clonally Expanded CD8(+) T cells in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bm.x sha: doc_id: 23410 cord_uid: eblcf902 file: cache/cord-023425-3sjsogvq.json key: cord-023425-3sjsogvq authors: Røntved, C. M.; Dernfalk, J.; Ingvartsen, K. L. title: Do High and Low Tumour Necrosis Factor‐α Responders Exist in Dairy Cows? date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423v.x sha: doc_id: 23425 cord_uid: 3sjsogvq file: cache/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.json key: cord-303143-4sksz6xz authors: Wu, Y. P.; Liu, Z. H.; Wei, R.; Pan, S. D.; Mao, N. Y.; Chen, B.; Han, J. J.; Zhang, F. S.; Holmskov, U.; Xia, Z. L.; De Groot, P. G.; Reid, K. B. M.; Xu, W. B.; Sorensen, G. L. title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients date: 2009-03-19 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02245.x sha: doc_id: 303143 cord_uid: 4sksz6xz file: cache/cord-023441-q83y12sk.json key: cord-023441-q83y12sk authors: Draborg, H.; Roggen, E. L.; Soni, N. K.; Patkar, S.; Friis, E. P.; Lyngstrand, S. T.; Christensen, L. L. H.; Batori, V.; Danielsen, S.; Ernst, S. title: Recominant Expression and Immunological Characterization of House Dust Mite Allergen Der P 1 date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ag.x sha: doc_id: 23441 cord_uid: q83y12sk file: cache/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.json key: cord-023387-tyeh14wz authors: Hvas, C. L.; Kelsen, J.; Agnholt, J.; Höllsberg, P.; Dahlerup, J. F. title: Probiotic Bacteria Induce Regulatory Cytokine Production via Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423au.x sha: doc_id: 23387 cord_uid: tyeh14wz file: cache/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.json key: cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 authors: Wefer, J.; Harris, R. A.; Lobell, A. title: Protective DNA Vaccination Against MOG(91‐108)‐Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Involves Induction of IFNβ date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423j.x sha: doc_id: 23389 cord_uid: ilrp8vb7 file: cache/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.json key: cord-023402-8qfmo6rq authors: Reinholdt, J.; Baxendale, H.; Ekström, N.; Kayhty, H.; Poulsen, K.; Kilian, M. title: Pneumococcal IgA1 Protease Activity Interferes with Opsonophagocytosis of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Mediated by Serotype‐Specific Human Monoclonal IgA1 Antibodies date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423t.x sha: doc_id: 23402 cord_uid: 8qfmo6rq file: cache/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.json key: cord-023431-zjyrhlxn authors: Sigmundsdóttir, H.; Johnston, A.; Gudjónsson, J. E.; Valdimarsson, H. title: Differential Effects of Interleukin‐12 and Interleukin‐10 on Superantigen‐Induced Expression of Cutaneous Lymphocyte‐Associated Antigen and αEβ7 Integrin (CD103) by CD8(+) T cells date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ab.x sha: doc_id: 23431 cord_uid: zjyrhlxn file: cache/cord-023417-by18aczt.json key: cord-023417-by18aczt authors: Vilhelmsson, M.; Ekman, G. J.; Zargari, A.; Scheynius, A. title: The Malassezia sympodialis Allergen Mala s 11 with Sequence Similarity to Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Induces Maturation and Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ae.x sha: doc_id: 23417 cord_uid: by18aczt file: cache/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.json key: cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 authors: Isa, A.; Norbeck, O.; Pöhlmann, C.; Tolfvenstam, T. title: Mapping of the Ex Vivo Cellular Immune Response Against the Complete Human Parvovirus B19 Genome During Acute Infection date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423n.x sha: doc_id: 23394 cord_uid: ptfjxpo6 file: cache/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.json key: cord-023443-pvz7dll9 authors: nan title: Abstracts for the Scandinavian Society for Immunology 35th Annual Meeting and 20th Summer School date: 2004-06-02 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2004.01423.x sha: doc_id: 23443 cord_uid: pvz7dll9 file: cache/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.json key: cord-307207-xfu5d7dt authors: Abbas, Ahmed M.; Ahmed, Omar A.; Shaltout, Asmaa S. title: COVID‐19 and maternal pre‐eclampsia; a synopsis date: 2020-06-15 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/sji.12918 sha: doc_id: 307207 cord_uid: xfu5d7dt file: cache/cord-022631-s4n24xij.json key: cord-022631-s4n24xij authors: Jonsson, M. V.; Brun, J. G.; Skarstein, K.; Jonsson, R. title: Germinal Centres in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Indicate a Certain Clinical Immunological Phenotype date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423h.x sha: doc_id: 22631 cord_uid: s4n24xij file: cache/cord-023439-r04y1j22.json key: cord-023439-r04y1j22 authors: Hedegaard, C. J.; Bendtzen, K.; Nielsen, C. H. title: The Role of Immune Complexes Consisting of Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Anti‐MBP Antibodies and Complement in Promoting CD4(+) T‐cell Responses to MBP in Health and Multiple Sclerosis date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423k.x sha: doc_id: 23439 cord_uid: r04y1j22 file: cache/cord-023414-xxw5kptr.json key: cord-023414-xxw5kptr authors: Chistensen, H. R.; Frøkiær, H. title: Characterization of a Large Panel of Lactic Acid Bacteria Derived from the Human Gut for their Capacity to Polarize Dendritic Cell date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ap.x sha: doc_id: 23414 cord_uid: xxw5kptr file: cache/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.json key: cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 authors: Utermöhlen, O.; Karow, U.; Baschuk, N.; Herz, J.; Loegters, T. T.; Krönke, M. title: Delayed Elimination of the LCM Virus from Acid Sphingomyelinase‐Deficient Mice due to Reduced Expansion of Virus‐Specific CD8(+) T Lymphocytes date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423l.x sha: doc_id: 23391 cord_uid: bq5w3jk9 file: cache/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.json key: cord-023390-5hcgdlmt authors: Bhuvanath, S.; Nilkaeo, A. title: Inflammatory Cytokine Modulation of Cancer Cell Proliferation date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bi.x sha: doc_id: 23390 cord_uid: 5hcgdlmt file: cache/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.json key: cord-306096-2yl07bdq authors: OLDSTONE, M. B. A. title: Viruses and Autoimmune Diseases date: 2003-11-03 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-145.x sha: doc_id: 306096 cord_uid: 2yl07bdq file: cache/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.json key: cord-023445-c4tqioz1 authors: Lauridsen, C.; Jensen, S. K. title: Supplementation of Vitamin C to Weaner Diets Increases IgM Concentration and Improves the Biological Activity of Vitamin E in Alveolar Macrophages date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423u.x sha: doc_id: 23445 cord_uid: c4tqioz1 file: cache/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.json key: cord-352747-o30wbq6m authors: Pereira, C. A.; Moreira, C.; Tsuhako, M. H.; De Franco, M. T. title: Mouse Hepatitis Virus 3 Binding to Macrophages Correlates with Resistance to Experimental Infection date: 2008-10-09 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01616.x sha: doc_id: 352747 cord_uid: o30wbq6m file: cache/cord-023375-x4p187u7.json key: cord-023375-x4p187u7 authors: Alitalo, A.; Meri, T.; Lankinen, H.; Cheng, Z.‐Z.; Jokiranta, S.; Seppälä, I.; Lahdenne, P.; Brooks, C.; Hefty, P. S.; Akins, D. R.; Meri, S. title: Lysine‐Dependent Binding of OspE to the C‐terminus of Factor H Mediates Complement Resistance in Borrelia burgdorferi date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423aj.x sha: doc_id: 23375 cord_uid: x4p187u7 file: cache/cord-023438-g0k0vvdc.json key: cord-023438-g0k0vvdc authors: Krog, J.; Jepsen, C. F.; Tønnesen, E.; Parner, E.; Hokland, M. title: The Effects of Hyperbaric Exposure on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, with Special Emphasis on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity and Subsets date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423aa.x sha: doc_id: 23438 cord_uid: g0k0vvdc file: cache/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.json key: cord-023421-1d1gf7az authors: Sønder, S. U. S.; Hedegaard, C. J.; Bendtzen, K. title: Monitoring Patients Treated with Type 1 Interferons: Antiviral versus MxA Induction Assays date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bb.x sha: doc_id: 23421 cord_uid: 1d1gf7az file: cache/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.json key: cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 authors: Li, Keying; Hao, Zhenhua; Zhao, Xiaohui; Du, Jiying; Zhou, Yanlin title: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection‐induced immune responses: friends or foes? date: 2020-05-23 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/sji.12895 sha: doc_id: 315046 cord_uid: ltmuw6f8 file: cache/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.json key: cord-023433-d1b7qvhs authors: Siassi, M.; Hohenberger, W.; Croner, R. title: Expression of Human Collectins in Colorectal Carcinoma date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bo.x sha: doc_id: 23433 cord_uid: d1b7qvhs file: cache/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.json key: cord-023407-s85g7g0x authors: Huang, Y.‐M.; Liu, X.; Steffensen, K.; Sanna, A.; Arru, G.; Sominanda, A.; Sotgiu, S.; Rosati, G.; Gustafsson, J.‐Å.; Link, H. title: Anti‐Inflammatory Liver X Receptors and Related Molecules in Multiple Sclerosis Patients from Sardinia and Sweden date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423d.x sha: doc_id: 23407 cord_uid: s85g7g0x file: cache/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.json key: cord-321590-8y1jy01c authors: Hetland, Geir; Johnson, Egil; Bernardshaw, Soosaipillai V.; Grinde, Bjørn title: Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID‐19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? date: 2020-07-29 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/sji.12937 sha: doc_id: 321590 cord_uid: 8y1jy01c file: cache/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.json key: cord-023393-8nye3nc8 authors: Krarup, A.; Sørensen, U.; Matsushita, M.; Jensenius, J. C.; Thiel, S. title: Mannan‐Binding Lectin, L‐Ficolin and H‐Ficolin Selectively Binds to Different Bacteria date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423al.x sha: doc_id: 23393 cord_uid: 8nye3nc8 file: cache/cord-023374-87ob1exq.json key: cord-023374-87ob1exq authors: Sukhija, S.; Gupta, V. K.; Shah, A.; Thiel, S.; Sarma, P. U.; Madan, T. title: Levels, Complement Activity and Polymorphisms of Mannan‐Binding Lectin in Patients of Bronchial Asthma with Allergic Rhinitis date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ai.x sha: doc_id: 23374 cord_uid: 87ob1exq file: cache/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.json key: cord-023415-hhvmsn5b authors: Karlsson, H.; Larsson, P.; Wold, A. E.; Rudin, A. title: Pattern of Cytokine Responses to Gram‐Positive and Gram‐Negative Commensal Bacteria is Profoundly Changed when Monocytes Differentiate into Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423at.x sha: doc_id: 23415 cord_uid: hhvmsn5b file: cache/cord-023392-axd0901z.json key: cord-023392-axd0901z authors: Hansen, T. K.; Tarnow, L.; Thiel, S.; Steffensen, R.; Parving, H.‐H.; Flyvbjerg, A. title: Association between Mannose‐Binding Lectin and Vascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423i.x sha: doc_id: 23392 cord_uid: axd0901z file: cache/cord-276966-wmelyonk.json key: cord-276966-wmelyonk authors: Roe, Kevin title: A proposed treatment for pathogenic enveloped viruses having high rates of mutation or replication date: 2020-07-08 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/sji.12928 sha: doc_id: 276966 cord_uid: wmelyonk file: cache/cord-023429-x52gbklw.json key: cord-023429-x52gbklw authors: Ruseva, M.; Gajdeva, M.; Takahashi, K.; Ezekowitz, A.; Thiel, S.; Jensenius, J. C. title: Mannan‐Binding Lectin Inhibits Humoural Responses date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423an.x sha: doc_id: 23429 cord_uid: x52gbklw file: cache/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.json key: cord-023411-iszb5qlk authors: Astrinidou‐Vakaloudi, A.; Xytsas, S.; Diamanti, I.; . Ioannidis, H; Pangidis, P. title: Presence of Helicobacter pylori Antibodies in Haemodialysis Patients date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423p.x sha: doc_id: 23411 cord_uid: iszb5qlk file: cache/cord-023430-5zuewjv2.json key: cord-023430-5zuewjv2 authors: Nilkaeo, A.; Bhuvanath, S. title: Interleukin‐18 Inhibition of Oral Carcinoma Cell Proliferation date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bg.x sha: doc_id: 23430 cord_uid: 5zuewjv2 file: cache/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.json key: cord-023403-jzdrvfvr authors: Ahlfors, E.; Sveinhaug, M. M.; Nango, G.; Johansen, C.; Lyberg, T. title: Proliferation of Cells in the Oral Mucosa, the Ear Skin and the Regional Lymph Nodes in Mice Sensitized and Elicited with a Hapten date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ac.x sha: doc_id: 23403 cord_uid: jzdrvfvr file: cache/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.json key: cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 authors: Steinhauer, C.; Wingren, C.; Borrebaeck, C. A. K. title: High‐Throughput Proteomics on Antibody‐based Microarrays: the Importance of Probe and Surface Design date: 2008-06-28 journal: Scand J Immunol DOI: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ax.x sha: doc_id: 23419 cord_uid: lnmc6vv5 Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named journal-scandJImmunol-cord === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 56031 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 55080 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 55866 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 55440 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 54985 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 54410 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307207-xfu5d7dt author: Abbas, Ahmed M. title: COVID‐19 and maternal pre‐eclampsia; a synopsis date: 2020-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352747-o30wbq6m author: Pereira, C. A. title: Mouse Hepatitis Virus 3 Binding to Macrophages Correlates with Resistance to Experimental Infection date: 2008-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 author: Li, Keying title: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection‐induced immune responses: friends or foes? date: 2020-05-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306096-2yl07bdq author: OLDSTONE, M. B. A. title: Viruses and Autoimmune Diseases date: 2003-11-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303143-4sksz6xz author: Wu, Y. P. title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients date: 2009-03-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321590-8y1jy01c author: Hetland, Geir title: Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID‐19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276966-wmelyonk author: Roe, Kevin title: A proposed treatment for pathogenic enveloped viruses having high rates of mutation or replication date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023402-8qfmo6rq author: Reinholdt, J. title: Pneumococcal IgA1 Protease Activity Interferes with Opsonophagocytosis of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Mediated by Serotype‐Specific Human Monoclonal IgA1 Antibodies date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023388-btbf6wkg author: Hoffmann, H. J. title: Decrease in Fine T‐cell Subset ratio MT2/MT1 During Steroid Reduction of Asthmatic Patients date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023441-q83y12sk author: Draborg, H. title: Recominant Expression and Immunological Characterization of House Dust Mite Allergen Der P 1 date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023374-87ob1exq author: Sukhija, S. title: Levels, Complement Activity and Polymorphisms of Mannan‐Binding Lectin in Patients of Bronchial Asthma with Allergic Rhinitis date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 author: Isa, A. title: Mapping of the Ex Vivo Cellular Immune Response Against the Complete Human Parvovirus B19 Genome During Acute Infection date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023410-eblcf902 author: Kollgaard, T. M. title: Clonally Expanded CD8(+) T cells in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023410-eblcf902.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023410-eblcf902.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023410-eblcf902.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 author: Steinhauer, C. title: High‐Throughput Proteomics on Antibody‐based Microarrays: the Importance of Probe and Surface Design date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023387-tyeh14wz author: Hvas, C. L. title: Probiotic Bacteria Induce Regulatory Cytokine Production via Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023439-r04y1j22 author: Hedegaard, C. J. title: The Role of Immune Complexes Consisting of Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Anti‐MBP Antibodies and Complement in Promoting CD4(+) T‐cell Responses to MBP in Health and Multiple Sclerosis date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 author: Utermöhlen, O. title: Delayed Elimination of the LCM Virus from Acid Sphingomyelinase‐Deficient Mice due to Reduced Expansion of Virus‐Specific CD8(+) T Lymphocytes date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023407-s85g7g0x author: Huang, Y.‐M. title: Anti‐Inflammatory Liver X Receptors and Related Molecules in Multiple Sclerosis Patients from Sardinia and Sweden date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 author: Wefer, J. title: Protective DNA Vaccination Against MOG(91‐108)‐Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Involves Induction of IFNβ date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023372-ft8cp9op author: Rahman, Q. K. title: The Immunomodulatory Effect of Heat Shock Protein 70: Immunization with a DNA Construct Based on the Malarial Antigen Fused with a Fragment of HSP 70 Primes for a Th‐1 Type of Response date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023421-1d1gf7az author: Sønder, S. U. S. title: Monitoring Patients Treated with Type 1 Interferons: Antiviral versus MxA Induction Assays date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023415-hhvmsn5b author: Karlsson, H. title: Pattern of Cytokine Responses to Gram‐Positive and Gram‐Negative Commensal Bacteria is Profoundly Changed when Monocytes Differentiate into Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023443-pvz7dll9 author: nan title: Abstracts for the Scandinavian Society for Immunology 35th Annual Meeting and 20th Summer School date: 2004-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023373-6wh1kb3p author: Melchjorsen, J. title: Differential Requirements for Toll‐Like Receptor Signalling for Induction of Chemokine Expression by Herpes Simplex Virus and Sendai Virus date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023431-zjyrhlxn author: Sigmundsdóttir, H. title: Differential Effects of Interleukin‐12 and Interleukin‐10 on Superantigen‐Induced Expression of Cutaneous Lymphocyte‐Associated Antigen and αEβ7 Integrin (CD103) by CD8(+) T cells date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023445-c4tqioz1 author: Lauridsen, C. title: Supplementation of Vitamin C to Weaner Diets Increases IgM Concentration and Improves the Biological Activity of Vitamin E in Alveolar Macrophages date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023403-jzdrvfvr author: Ahlfors, E. title: Proliferation of Cells in the Oral Mucosa, the Ear Skin and the Regional Lymph Nodes in Mice Sensitized and Elicited with a Hapten date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022631-s4n24xij author: Jonsson, M. V. title: Germinal Centres in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Indicate a Certain Clinical Immunological Phenotype date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023411-iszb5qlk author: Astrinidou‐Vakaloudi, A. title: Presence of Helicobacter pylori Antibodies in Haemodialysis Patients date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023393-8nye3nc8 author: Krarup, A. title: Mannan‐Binding Lectin, L‐Ficolin and H‐Ficolin Selectively Binds to Different Bacteria date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023375-x4p187u7 author: Alitalo, A. title: Lysine‐Dependent Binding of OspE to the C‐terminus of Factor H Mediates Complement Resistance in Borrelia burgdorferi date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023433-d1b7qvhs author: Siassi, M. title: Expression of Human Collectins in Colorectal Carcinoma date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023417-by18aczt author: Vilhelmsson, M. title: The Malassezia sympodialis Allergen Mala s 11 with Sequence Similarity to Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Induces Maturation and Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023417-by18aczt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023417-by18aczt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023417-by18aczt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023390-5hcgdlmt author: Bhuvanath, S. title: Inflammatory Cytokine Modulation of Cancer Cell Proliferation date: 2008-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt' Que is empty; done journal-scandJImmunol-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023373-6wh1kb3p author = Melchjorsen, J. title = Differential Requirements for Toll‐Like Receptor Signalling for Induction of Chemokine Expression by Herpes Simplex Virus and Sendai Virus date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16841 sentences = 866 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023388-btbf6wkg author = Hoffmann, H. J. title = Decrease in Fine T‐cell Subset ratio MT2/MT1 During Steroid Reduction of Asthmatic Patients date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16918 sentences = 871 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023372-ft8cp9op author = Rahman, Q. K. title = The Immunomodulatory Effect of Heat Shock Protein 70: Immunization with a DNA Construct Based on the Malarial Antigen Fused with a Fragment of HSP 70 Primes for a Th‐1 Type of Response date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16863 sentences = 874 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307207-xfu5d7dt author = Abbas, Ahmed M. title = COVID‐19 and maternal pre‐eclampsia; a synopsis date = 2020-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 749 sentences = 60 flesch = 50 summary = In March 2020, the World health organization reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) as a pandemic.(1) Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID‐19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies.(2) This increases the interest that hyper‐inflammatory state in COVID‐19 may be associated with hypoxic injury in the placenta and developing pre‐eclamptic state. 1 Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID-19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies. Possible COVID-19 intrauterine infection may alter the expression of ACE2 and develop pre-eclamptic state via raised Angiotensin II level in the placental villi leading to vasoconstriction and restricted fetal blood flow. 7 Systematic review about maternal serum cytokines in pre-eclampsia revealed significant increase of maternal IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα compared with normotensive pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to show the association between COVID-19 and development of pre-eclampsia. cache = ./cache/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023431-zjyrhlxn author = Sigmundsdóttir, H. title = Differential Effects of Interleukin‐12 and Interleukin‐10 on Superantigen‐Induced Expression of Cutaneous Lymphocyte‐Associated Antigen and αEβ7 Integrin (CD103) by CD8(+) T cells date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16867 sentences = 869 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303143-4sksz6xz author = Wu, Y. P. title = Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients date = 2009-03-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4222 sentences = 243 flesch = 50 summary = title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients The diagnosis was further confirmed using the ELISA assay for plasma SARS-CoV protein N IgG measurement (described below). Anti-SARS-CoV N protein IgG levels were [median (95% CI)] 0.97 (0.81-1.58) versus 0.05 (0.04-0.06) and 0.05 (0.04-0.07) units (OD450) in patients with SARStype pneumonia, patients with CAP (S. A significant correlation between plasma SP-D and anti-SARS-CoV N protein IgG measured in SARS patients was observed using linear regression (r 2 = 0.5995, P = 0.02) (Fig. 5) . This was further confirmed by the measures of lung injury reported in the present study showing no significant differences in pulmonary infiltrate, chest radiographic score, thrombocytopenia and leucocytopenia between SARS patients and the bacterial-type pneumonia patients. Plasma surfactant protein levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury cache = ./cache/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023402-8qfmo6rq author = Reinholdt, J. title = Pneumococcal IgA1 Protease Activity Interferes with Opsonophagocytosis of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Mediated by Serotype‐Specific Human Monoclonal IgA1 Antibodies date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17011 sentences = 882 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352747-o30wbq6m author = Pereira, C. A. title = Mouse Hepatitis Virus 3 Binding to Macrophages Correlates with Resistance to Experimental Infection date = 2008-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2350 sentences = 106 flesch = 47 summary = Lucchiari, to his laboratory, and in 1992, we published a paper showing that the pattern of protein synthesized in the liver was profoundly perturbed upon mouse hepatitis viruses (MHV) infection [1] , and that some gene products related to the induction of antiviral state in macrophages resistant and sensitive to interferon-g (IFN-g) could be readily characterized [2] . A few years later, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, we have found that IFN-g was capable of inducing a downregulation of the main viral receptor only in macrophages originated from resistant mice, explaining at least in part the cellular and molecular basis of mouse resistance to MHV infection [3, 4] . Our quantitative biology studies [1, 4] showing upregulated and downregulated proteins and genes in resistant and susceptible macrophages opened a great perspective for investigations of the biological role of these cells and have also confirmed the downregulation of an MHV3 receptor gene by IFN-g activation [4] . cache = ./cache/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 author = Isa, A. title = Mapping of the Ex Vivo Cellular Immune Response Against the Complete Human Parvovirus B19 Genome During Acute Infection date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16904 sentences = 872 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022631-s4n24xij author = Jonsson, M. V. title = Germinal Centres in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Indicate a Certain Clinical Immunological Phenotype date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16905 sentences = 873 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023443-pvz7dll9 author = nan title = Abstracts for the Scandinavian Society for Immunology 35th Annual Meeting and 20th Summer School date = 2004-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16643 sentences = 857 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 author = Utermöhlen, O. title = Delayed Elimination of the LCM Virus from Acid Sphingomyelinase‐Deficient Mice due to Reduced Expansion of Virus‐Specific CD8(+) T Lymphocytes date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16856 sentences = 870 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 author = Li, Keying title = SARS‐CoV‐2 infection‐induced immune responses: friends or foes? date = 2020-05-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3390 sentences = 227 flesch = 47 summary = 6-7 SARS-COV-2-infected patients were observed to have massive accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and aberrant T cell responses compared to healthy individuals, providing evidence that COVID-19 may be an immune interrelated disease. [12] [13] So, viral RNA and S protein of SARS-related coronaviruses may have evolved as major PAMPs which can mediate innate immune signaling cascades, initiating an antiviral state in infected-cells. All rights reserved SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory distress syndrome may involve deranged innate immune effector molecule production, abnormal elevation of inflammatory immune cells and cytokine storms. Dynamic innate immune responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Cell Responses Are Required for Protection from Clinical Disease and for Virus Clearance in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Mice▿ Response of Memory CD8+ T Cells to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus in Recovered SARS Patients and Healthy Individuals cache = ./cache/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023375-x4p187u7 author = Alitalo, A. title = Lysine‐Dependent Binding of OspE to the C‐terminus of Factor H Mediates Complement Resistance in Borrelia burgdorferi date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17059 sentences = 877 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306096-2yl07bdq author = OLDSTONE, M. B. A. title = Viruses and Autoimmune Diseases date = 2003-11-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3510 sentences = 176 flesch = 42 summary = In the absence of viral infection, IDDM can be induced when such anergic CTL clones (of high or low affinity) in the periphery are activated as they pass into an islet environment where interferon-g or B7.1 are expressed [9, 10] . To examine whether molecular mimicry between a virus and a protein expressed in oligodendrocytes could lead to a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease much like the demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, transgenic mice were generated whose oligodendrocytes expressed either the nucleoprotein or glycoprotein of a virus [41] . Virus infection triggers insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a transgenic model: role of anti-self (virus) immune response Molecular mimicry in T-cell mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T-cell clones specific for myelin basic protein Oral insulin treatment suppresses virus-induced antigen-specific destruction of b cells and prevents autoimmune diabetes in transgenic mice cache = ./cache/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023439-r04y1j22 author = Hedegaard, C. J. title = The Role of Immune Complexes Consisting of Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Anti‐MBP Antibodies and Complement in Promoting CD4(+) T‐cell Responses to MBP in Health and Multiple Sclerosis date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16932 sentences = 871 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. cache = ./cache/cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023417-by18aczt author = Vilhelmsson, M. title = The Malassezia sympodialis Allergen Mala s 11 with Sequence Similarity to Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Induces Maturation and Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Dendritic Cells date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16931 sentences = 868 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023417-by18aczt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023417-by18aczt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023433-d1b7qvhs author = Siassi, M. title = Expression of Human Collectins in Colorectal Carcinoma date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16906 sentences = 879 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023410-eblcf902 author = Kollgaard, T. M. title = Clonally Expanded CD8(+) T cells in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16915 sentences = 872 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023410-eblcf902.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023410-eblcf902.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023421-1d1gf7az author = Sønder, S. U. S. title = Monitoring Patients Treated with Type 1 Interferons: Antiviral versus MxA Induction Assays date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16866 sentences = 873 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023441-q83y12sk author = Draborg, H. title = Recominant Expression and Immunological Characterization of House Dust Mite Allergen Der P 1 date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16905 sentences = 868 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023387-tyeh14wz author = Hvas, C. L. title = Probiotic Bacteria Induce Regulatory Cytokine Production via Dendritic Cells date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16893 sentences = 881 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023415-hhvmsn5b author = Karlsson, H. title = Pattern of Cytokine Responses to Gram‐Positive and Gram‐Negative Commensal Bacteria is Profoundly Changed when Monocytes Differentiate into Dendritic Cells date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16909 sentences = 868 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023393-8nye3nc8 author = Krarup, A. title = Mannan‐Binding Lectin, L‐Ficolin and H‐Ficolin Selectively Binds to Different Bacteria date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16820 sentences = 864 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023374-87ob1exq author = Sukhija, S. title = Levels, Complement Activity and Polymorphisms of Mannan‐Binding Lectin in Patients of Bronchial Asthma with Allergic Rhinitis date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16891 sentences = 869 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023445-c4tqioz1 author = Lauridsen, C. title = Supplementation of Vitamin C to Weaner Diets Increases IgM Concentration and Improves the Biological Activity of Vitamin E in Alveolar Macrophages date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16947 sentences = 870 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 author = Wefer, J. title = Protective DNA Vaccination Against MOG(91‐108)‐Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Involves Induction of IFNβ date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16845 sentences = 866 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023407-s85g7g0x author = Huang, Y.‐M. title = Anti‐Inflammatory Liver X Receptors and Related Molecules in Multiple Sclerosis Patients from Sardinia and Sweden date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17075 sentences = 876 flesch = 47 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276966-wmelyonk author = Roe, Kevin title = A proposed treatment for pathogenic enveloped viruses having high rates of mutation or replication date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5242 sentences = 242 flesch = 44 summary = In targeting specific viral pathogens, dual-protein ligand masks (for brevity, henceforth called dualprotein ligands) should be able to create a quick and powerful immune memory response with existing memory immune cells against some viral pathogens or virus infected cells, without some of the practical limitations of vaccines. Dual-protein ligands could induce an immune response by mimicking the key parts of antigens that activate existing immune memory cells or innate immune cells to attack tagged viral pathogens. All rights reserved One treatment option injects dual-protein ligands into the blood stream or localized regions to mask pathogenic surface proteins used by viruses to infect mammalian cells. Targeted dual-protein ligands could mask viral surface proteins to quickly treat some untreatable virus infections by using already existing immune cells. cache = ./cache/cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023390-5hcgdlmt author = Bhuvanath, S. title = Inflammatory Cytokine Modulation of Cancer Cell Proliferation date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16819 sentences = 866 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023411-iszb5qlk author = Astrinidou‐Vakaloudi, A. title = Presence of Helicobacter pylori Antibodies in Haemodialysis Patients date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16879 sentences = 873 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 author = Steinhauer, C. title = High‐Throughput Proteomics on Antibody‐based Microarrays: the Importance of Probe and Surface Design date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16884 sentences = 871 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321590-8y1jy01c author = Hetland, Geir title = Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID‐19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5617 sentences = 302 flesch = 41 summary = The related Basidiomycota Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM), Hericium erinaceus (HE), and Grifola frondosa (GF) have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against viral agents, Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, and parasites in vitro and in vivo. Effect of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study Effect of the Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSanTM, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Crohn's Disease in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study Cytokine levels after consumption of a medicinal Agaricus blazei murill-based mushroom extract, AndoSan™, in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in a randomized single-blinded placebo-controlled study Effect of an extract based on the medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill on expression of cytokines and calprotectin in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease cache = ./cache/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023403-jzdrvfvr author = Ahlfors, E. title = Proliferation of Cells in the Oral Mucosa, the Ear Skin and the Regional Lymph Nodes in Mice Sensitized and Elicited with a Hapten date = 2008-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16925 sentences = 872 flesch = 46 summary = We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. cache = ./cache/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-023387-tyeh14wz cord-023425-3sjsogvq cord-023417-by18aczt cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 cord-022631-s4n24xij cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 cord-023439-r04y1j22 cord-023431-zjyrhlxn cord-023438-g0k0vvdc cord-023372-ft8cp9op cord-023414-xxw5kptr cord-023390-5hcgdlmt cord-023421-1d1gf7az cord-023375-x4p187u7 cord-023402-8qfmo6rq cord-023429-x52gbklw cord-023393-8nye3nc8 cord-023430-5zuewjv2 cord-023445-c4tqioz1 cord-023373-6wh1kb3p cord-023407-s85g7g0x cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 cord-023374-87ob1exq cord-023403-jzdrvfvr cord-023415-hhvmsn5b cord-023443-pvz7dll9 cord-023388-btbf6wkg cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 cord-023410-eblcf902 cord-023441-q83y12sk cord-023392-axd0901z cord-023433-d1b7qvhs cord-023411-iszb5qlk Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-023373-6wh1kb3p cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 cord-023417-by18aczt cord-023410-eblcf902 cord-023431-zjyrhlxn cord-023372-ft8cp9op cord-023443-pvz7dll9 cord-023388-btbf6wkg cord-023439-r04y1j22 cord-306096-2yl07bdq cord-303143-4sksz6xz cord-023402-8qfmo6rq cord-023390-5hcgdlmt cord-307207-xfu5d7dt cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 cord-023445-c4tqioz1 cord-022631-s4n24xij cord-352747-o30wbq6m cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 cord-023414-xxw5kptr cord-023421-1d1gf7az cord-023438-g0k0vvdc cord-276966-wmelyonk cord-023403-jzdrvfvr cord-023387-tyeh14wz cord-023430-5zuewjv2 cord-023441-q83y12sk cord-023375-x4p187u7 cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 cord-023393-8nye3nc8 cord-023392-axd0901z cord-023433-d1b7qvhs cord-023407-s85g7g0x cord-023425-3sjsogvq cord-023415-hhvmsn5b cord-321590-8y1jy01c cord-023374-87ob1exq cord-023411-iszb5qlk cord-023429-x52gbklw Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-321590-8y1jy01c Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-023388-btbf6wkg cord-023373-6wh1kb3p cord-023402-8qfmo6rq cord-023417-by18aczt cord-023441-q83y12sk cord-023431-zjyrhlxn cord-307207-xfu5d7dt cord-023372-ft8cp9op cord-023387-tyeh14wz cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 cord-022631-s4n24xij cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 cord-023439-r04y1j22 cord-023390-5hcgdlmt cord-306096-2yl07bdq cord-352747-o30wbq6m cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 cord-023414-xxw5kptr cord-023445-c4tqioz1 cord-303143-4sksz6xz cord-023410-eblcf902 cord-023421-1d1gf7az cord-023407-s85g7g0x cord-023392-axd0901z cord-276966-wmelyonk cord-023429-x52gbklw cord-023403-jzdrvfvr cord-023433-d1b7qvhs cord-321590-8y1jy01c cord-023438-g0k0vvdc cord-023374-87ob1exq cord-023375-x4p187u7 cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 cord-023425-3sjsogvq cord-023430-5zuewjv2 cord-023411-iszb5qlk cord-023443-pvz7dll9 cord-023415-hhvmsn5b cord-023393-8nye3nc8 cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-303143-4sksz6xz cord-352747-o30wbq6m cord-306096-2yl07bdq cord-307207-xfu5d7dt cord-023372-ft8cp9op cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 cord-023388-btbf6wkg cord-023441-q83y12sk cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 cord-023425-3sjsogvq cord-023387-tyeh14wz cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 cord-023410-eblcf902 cord-023421-1d1gf7az cord-023431-zjyrhlxn cord-023414-xxw5kptr cord-023433-d1b7qvhs cord-276966-wmelyonk cord-023407-s85g7g0x cord-023445-c4tqioz1 cord-023392-axd0901z cord-321590-8y1jy01c cord-023415-hhvmsn5b cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 cord-023417-by18aczt cord-023411-iszb5qlk cord-023439-r04y1j22 cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 cord-023430-5zuewjv2 cord-023403-jzdrvfvr cord-023373-6wh1kb3p cord-023374-87ob1exq cord-023438-g0k0vvdc cord-023393-8nye3nc8 cord-023402-8qfmo6rq cord-023443-pvz7dll9 cord-023390-5hcgdlmt cord-023429-x52gbklw cord-022631-s4n24xij cord-023375-x4p187u7 Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-276966-wmelyonk cord-023439-r04y1j22 cord-023438-g0k0vvdc cord-023417-by18aczt cord-023415-hhvmsn5b cord-023387-tyeh14wz number of items: 40 sum of words: 481,289 average size in words: 14,155 average readability score: 46 nouns: cells; cell; patients; expression; response; results; protein; bacteria; responses; levels; blood; factor; role; production; study; activation; antibody; activity; tumour; cytokine; data; cancer; stimulation; cytokines; mice; macrophages; proteins; virus; type; antibodies; system; disease; presence; molecules; antigens; peptides; infection; complement; lectin; lactobacillus; antigen; control; receptor; protease; assays; effects; development; effect; proliferation; peptide verbs: used; induced; increased; bind; compared; found; showing; demonstrated; investigated; involved; suggests; activates; associated; indicated; detected; developed; present; observed; include; expressed; based; plays; derived; performed; mediated; related; resulting; identify; studying; required; produced; examined; analysed; measured; evaluated; led; decreased; obtained; isolated; containing; described; selected; elicited; affected; provided; stimulate; made; reveal; determine; established adjectives: human; immune; specific; high; higher; inflammatory; healthy; different; low; clinical; dendritic; important; recombinant; lower; major; first; normal; anti; oral; antiviral; negative; cellular; peripheral; innate; like; bacterial; dependent; present; significant; novel; positive; single; allergic; strong; various; subsequent; whole; large; complement; several; molecular; multiple; similar; new; mammalian; autologous; viral; acute; many; functional adverbs: also; however; significantly; well; recently; furthermore; therefore; respectively; directly; alternatively; moreover; previously; currently; less; even; especially; often; mainly; thereby; approximately; differentially; potentially; long; dramatically; alone; together; specifically; now; largely; almost; surprisingly; finally; highly; hence; otherwise; much; still; later; interestingly; strongly; statistically; possibly; instead; fully; additionally; subsequently; particularly; immediately; clonally; worldwide pronouns: we; our; their; it; i; its; they; them; iga1; us; one; itself; eph-4; he; my; his; me; themselves; mg; him proper nouns: MBL; IFN; þ; AE; TNF; T; MS; CD8; IL-12; NK; HLA; CD4; ¼; DC; IL-10; MHC; C; mg; MBP; S.; sera; IgA; HC; SARS; GC; OspE; A; E.; OprI; IL-18; BCL-6; IgG; Mala; Stockholm; CLA; QBC; MT1; Der; Sassari; TLR; IgM; CD86; MASP-2; Fel; CCF; Ag85A; SP; ELISA; H.; IL-6 keywords: cell; tnf; mbl; ifn; cd8; il-12; sars; lactobacillus; sp‐d; protein; pathogen; mhv3; mhc; mbp; iddm; effect; dna; covid-19; andosan; agaricus one topic; one dimension: cells file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169481/ titles(s): The Immunomodulatory Effect of Heat Shock Protein 70: Immunization with a DNA Construct Based on the Malarial Antigen Fused with a Fragment of HSP 70 Primes for a Th‐1 Type of Response three topics; one dimension: cells; sars; cells file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169534/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32657436/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32640050/ titles(s): Pneumococcal IgA1 Protease Activity Interferes with Opsonophagocytosis of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Mediated by Serotype‐Specific Human Monoclonal IgA1 Antibodies | Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID‐19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? | A proposed treatment for pathogenic enveloped viruses having high rates of mutation or replication five topics; three dimensions: cells cell il; sars cov patients; cells protein viral; effect abm agaricus; virus autoimmune disease file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169490/, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02245.x, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32640050/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32657436/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9350280/ titles(s): Lysine‐Dependent Binding of OspE to the C‐terminus of Factor H Mediates Complement Resistance in Borrelia burgdorferi | Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients | A proposed treatment for pathogenic enveloped viruses having high rates of mutation or replication | Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID‐19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? | Viruses and Autoimmune Diseases Type: cord title: journal-scandJImmunol-cord date: 2021-05-30 time: 16:05 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: facet_journal:"Scand J Immunol" ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-307207-xfu5d7dt author: Abbas, Ahmed M. title: COVID‐19 and maternal pre‐eclampsia; a synopsis date: 2020-06-15 words: 749.0 sentences: 60.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307207-xfu5d7dt.txt summary: In March 2020, the World health organization reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) as a pandemic.(1) Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID‐19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies.(2) This increases the interest that hyper‐inflammatory state in COVID‐19 may be associated with hypoxic injury in the placenta and developing pre‐eclamptic state. 1 Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID-19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies. Possible COVID-19 intrauterine infection may alter the expression of ACE2 and develop pre-eclamptic state via raised Angiotensin II level in the placental villi leading to vasoconstriction and restricted fetal blood flow. 7 Systematic review about maternal serum cytokines in pre-eclampsia revealed significant increase of maternal IL-6, IL-10 and TNFα compared with normotensive pregnant women. Further studies are recommended to show the association between COVID-19 and development of pre-eclampsia. abstract: In March 2020, the World health organization reported coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) as a pandemic.(1) Khan et al., 2020, in their systemic review about positive COVID‐19 pregnant women, showed a rate of 29.1% preterm birth and 16.4% low birth weight among their babies.(2) This increases the interest that hyper‐inflammatory state in COVID‐19 may be associated with hypoxic injury in the placenta and developing pre‐eclamptic state. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32542883/ doi: 10.1111/sji.12918 id: cord-023403-jzdrvfvr author: Ahlfors, E. title: Proliferation of Cells in the Oral Mucosa, the Ear Skin and the Regional Lymph Nodes in Mice Sensitized and Elicited with a Hapten date: 2008-06-28 words: 16925.0 sentences: 872.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023403-jzdrvfvr.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: During contact sensitivity reaction, immune cells proliferate. In order to study the histological picture of these proliferation phases, we used a mouse model of contact sensitivity in the oral mucosa and on skin. We also used bromodeoxyuridin (BrdU, an analogue to thymidin) that is incorporated into the nucleus during cell replication. The hapten oxazolone (OXA) was used to sensitize and elicit the oral mucosa and/or the ear skin. Mice were killed at various times after elicitation, and unsensitized animals were also exposed to the hapten as controls. BrdU (25 mg/kg animal) was injected i.p. 2 h before the kill. Specimens from the oral mucosa, ear skin and submandibular and auricular lymph nodes were cut and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. They were then treated with acid and biotinylated anti‐BrdU antibody and developed using ABC‐kit and DAB. The analyses were performed using a Leica light microscope and the computer program analysis. In the oral mucosa, the frequency of proliferating cells were increasing during the observation period, 4–24 h after elicitation, regardless of site of sensitization. The proliferating cells were found mainly in the basal cell layer of the epithelium. Similar patterns were found in ear skin. The regional lymph nodes demonstrated a few scattered proliferating cells 4 h after elicitation. After 24 h, these cells were found frequently in the whole lymph node. Control animals exhibited considerable less proliferating cells at all times. We conclude that most proliferating cells were found 24 h after elicitation locally at the hapten‐exposed sites (the oral mucosa or the ear skin) as well as in the regional lymph nodes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169538/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ac.x id: cord-023375-x4p187u7 author: Alitalo, A. title: Lysine‐Dependent Binding of OspE to the C‐terminus of Factor H Mediates Complement Resistance in Borrelia burgdorferi date: 2008-06-28 words: 17059.0 sentences: 877.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023375-x4p187u7.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Serum resistance of Borrelia burgdorferi strains belonging to the B. afzelii and B. burgdorferi sensu stricto genospecies is dependent on binding of complement inhibitor factor H. We recently reported that factor H binding by B. burgdorferi is due to inducible expression of several approximately 20 kDa plasmid‐encoded, surface‐exposed lipoproteins related to OspE (e.g. ErpA, ErpP and P21). In addition, a second class of factor H‐binding proteins of approximately 27–35 kDa has been described. The OspE‐related lipoproteins are dramatically induced by B. burgdorferi during transmission from its tick vector into the mammalian host. The induction of OspE‐related lipoproteins during mammalian infection may play a key a role in the borrelial evasion of the host's immune system. The goal of the present study was to define the factor H‐binding regions of OspE‐related proteins using mutagenesis, peptide mapping and surface plasmon resonance analysis (Biacore). The combined studies revealed that the C‐terminal regions of both human and mouse factor H (SCRs 18–20) specifically bind to OspE‐related lipoproteins. We also found FHR‐1, whose C‐terminal SCRs 3–5 are homologous to SCRs 18–20 of factor H, to bind to OspE. Peptide mapping revealed five putative regions (designated I‐V) in OspE that could directly interact with factor H. Deleting the C‐terminal 15 amino acid residues from region V of P21 abolished its ability to bind factor H. At the same time, however, synthetic peptides corresponding to the C‐termini of OspE, P21 and ErpP did not inhibit factor H binding to OspE. Thus, the C‐terminal‐binding region V appears to be necessary but not sufficient for factor H binding. When a more specific mutation strategy was employed, where single amino acid residues in peptides spanning over the factor H‐binding regions were mutated to alanines, we observed that lysines in the factor H‐binding regions of OspE were required for factor H binding. The combined data have revealed that key lysine residues in OspE‐related lipoproteins and ionic interactions are crucial for factor H interactions. Furthermore, binding of OspE to the C‐termini of both mouse and human factor H suggests that Borrelia spirochetes utilize analogous complement resistance mechanisms in both rodents and man. In Borrelia garinii strains, which in in vitro analyses have been found to be sensitive to complement killing, differences in the OspE sequences as well as in the expression of factor H‐binding proteins may account for their susceptibility to serum lysis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169490/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423aj.x id: cord-023411-iszb5qlk author: Astrinidou‐Vakaloudi, A. title: Presence of Helicobacter pylori Antibodies in Haemodialysis Patients date: 2008-06-28 words: 16879.0 sentences: 873.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023411-iszb5qlk.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Aim: Renal dysfunction may influence the colonization of gastric mucosa by urea‐splitting bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori, by increasing urea concentrations in the gastric juice. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of H. pylori in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD), receiving long‐term haemodialysis treatment. Methods: This study included 40 sera from patients with ESRD (29 male and 11 female) undergoing periodic haemodialysis; mean time of treatment was 42.6 months. Using ELISA technique, we investigated the presence of IgG and IgA antibodies against H. pylori as well as IgG CagA (antibodies specific for CagA(+) strains of H. pylori). Sera from 40 healthy blood donors were used as a control group. Results: H. pylori IgG antibodies were detected in 32 out of 40 (80%) patients in the dialysis group, while 31/40 (77.5%) tested positive for IgA. IgG CagA antibodies were present in 13 out of 40 (32.5%). Prevalence of H. pylori IgG, IgA and CagA IgG antibodies in the control group was 33, 7 and 15%, respectively. Conclusions: Although international data suggest that prevalence of H. pylori infection is the same in ESRD patients as in healthy individuals, in our study that seems not to be the case. The higher blood and gastric juice urea levels may be a risk factor (among many others), but more studies are required in order to understand the relation of H. pylori infection in this group of patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169550/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423p.x id: cord-023390-5hcgdlmt author: Bhuvanath, S. title: Inflammatory Cytokine Modulation of Cancer Cell Proliferation date: 2008-06-28 words: 16819.0 sentences: 866.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023390-5hcgdlmt.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Inflammatory cytokines have a critical role in modulation of both innate and adaptive immunity in response to foreign antigen. They also play an important role in anticancer immunity. For example, they can promote cell‐mediated immunity against cancer cells. With their immunostimulatory effects, these cytokines are being tested for cancer treatment in the form of DNA vaccine or adjuvant or therapeutic cytokines. Direct effect of these cytokines on cancer cell, however, is still unclear. In this project, we investigated whether IL‐1( and IL‐18 can modulate cancer cell proliferation. We employed a simple nonradioactive proliferation (MTT) assay and detection of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) to test the effect of these recombinant human cytokines on various cancer cell lines, including breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7), oral carcinoma cell line (KB), colon cancer cell line (Caco‐2) and choriocarcinoma cell line (Jar). Cytokines used in this study had both inhibitory and stimulatory effect on cell proliferation. Findings in this project could provide an insight of cancer cell response to these cytokines and this could lead to a consideration on using cytokine as immunotherapy for cancer treatment. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169513/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bi.x id: cord-023414-xxw5kptr author: Chistensen, H. R. title: Characterization of a Large Panel of Lactic Acid Bacteria Derived from the Human Gut for their Capacity to Polarize Dendritic Cell date: 2008-06-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are the principal stimulators of naïve T helper (Th) cells and play a pivotal regulatory role in the Th1, Th2 and Treg cell balance. DCs are present in the gut mucosa and may thus be target for modulation by gut microbes, including ingested probiotics. Here, we tested the hypothesis that species of lactic acid bacteria, important members of the gut flora, differentially activate DC. A large panel of human gut‐derived Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. was screened for DC‐polarizing capacity by exposing bone marrow‐derived murine DC to lethally irradiated bacteria. Cytokines in culture supernatants and DC‐surface maturation markers were analysed. Substantial differences were found among strains in the capacity to induce interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, while the differences for IL‐10 and IL‐6 were less pronounced. Bifidobacteria tended to be weak IL‐12 and TNF‐α inducers, while both strong and weak IL‐12 inducers were found among the strains of Lactobacillus. Remarkably, strains weak in IL‐12 induction inhibited IL‐12 and TNF‐α production induced by an otherwise strong cytokine‐inducing strain of Lactobacillus casei, while IL‐10 production remained unaltered. Selected strains were tested for induction of DC maturation markers. Those lactobacilli with greatest capacity to induce IL‐12 were most effective in upregulating surface MHC class II and CD86. Moreover, L. casei‐induced upregulation of CD86 was reduced in the presence of a weak IL‐12‐inducing L. reuteri. In conclusion, human Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. polarize differentially DC maturation. Thus, the potential exists for Th1/Th2/Treg‐driving capacities of the gut DC to be modulated according to composition of gut flora including ingested probiotics. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169554/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ap.x id: cord-023441-q83y12sk author: Draborg, H. title: Recominant Expression and Immunological Characterization of House Dust Mite Allergen Der P 1 date: 2008-06-28 words: 16905.0 sentences: 868.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023441-q83y12sk.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: The cysteine protease Der p1 from dust mite of the genus Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is a major type I allergen. About 80% of house dust mite (HDM) allergic individuals are reactive to this protease in standard assays for detection of IgE. A curative treatment for atopic allergy is immunotherapy (IT) with HDM extracts which are complex mixtures occasionally resulting in anaphylactic reactions. Novozymes focuses on developing a recombinant variant of Der p1 which exhibit lowered risk of IgE‐mediated allergic reactions, while maintaining its ability to trigger proper Th‐cell responses. This may provide a safer alternative for specific IT of HDM allergy. A secreted recombinant form of pro‐Der p 1 expressed by Saccharamyces cerevisiae was obtained by fusion of the pro‐enzyme to a fungal signal peptide. The N‐glycosylation site of Der p1 was mutated resulting in a deglycosylated pro‐enzyme with a molecular mass of 35 kDa. Protein purification procedure was developed to obtain nearly pure Der p1 protein followed by determination of concentration by active‐site‐titration with the cysteine protease inhibitor E64. The deglycosylated recombinant pro‐Der p 1 revealed immunologic similarity to the native Der p 1 molecule when compared in basophile histamine release, IgE‐binding assays and T‐cell proliferation assays. By in silico epitope mapping of a modelled 3‐dimensional structure of Der p1, five putative IgG and IgE epitopes were predicted. By protein engineering, the predicted epitopes were removed one by one in Der p1 and screening for hypoallergenic variants was performed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169606/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ag.x id: cord-023392-axd0901z author: Hansen, T. K. title: Association between Mannose‐Binding Lectin and Vascular Complications in Type 1 Diabetes date: 2008-06-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Complement activation and inflammation have been suggested in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular lesions. We investigated serum mannose‐binding lectin (MBL) levels and polymorphisms in the MBL gene in type 1 diabetic (T1DM) patients with and without diabetic nephropathy and associated macrovascular complications. Polymorphisms in the MBL gene and serum MBL levels were determined in 199 T1DM patients with overt nephropathy and 192 T1DM patients with persistent normoalbuminuria matched for age, sex and duration of diabetes as well as in 100 healthy control subjects. The frequencies of high and low expression MBL genotypes were similar in patients with T1DM and healthy controls. High MBL genotypes were significantly more frequent in diabetic patients with nephropathy than in the normoalbuminuric group, and the risk of having nephropathy, given a high MBL genotype, assessed by odds ratio was 1.52 (1.02–2.27), P = 0.04. Median serum MBL concentrations were significantly higher in patients with nephropathy than in patients with normoalbuminuria [2306 µg/l (IQR 753–4867 µg/l) versus 1491 µg/l (IQR 577–2944), P = 0.0003], and even when comparing patients with identical genotypes, serum MBL levels were higher in the nephropathy group than in the normoalbuminuric group. Patients with a history of cardiovascular disease had significantly elevated MBL levels independently of nephropathy status [3178 µg/l (IQR 636–5231 µg/l) versus 1741 µg/l (IQR 656–3149 µg/l), P = 0.02]. The differences in MBL levels between patients with and without vascular complications were driven primarily by pronounced differences among carriers of high MBL genotypes (P < 0.0001). Our findings suggest that MBL may be involved in the pathogenesis of microvascular and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes and that determination of MBL status might be used to identify patients at increased risk of developing these complications. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169517/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423i.x id: cord-023439-r04y1j22 author: Hedegaard, C. J. title: The Role of Immune Complexes Consisting of Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Anti‐MBP Antibodies and Complement in Promoting CD4(+) T‐cell Responses to MBP in Health and Multiple Sclerosis date: 2008-06-28 words: 16932.0 sentences: 871.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023439-r04y1j22.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune condition characterized by degeneration of nerve fibre myelin sheets. A candidate autoantigen, myelin basic protein (MBP), has especially attracted attention. The presence of anti‐MBP antibodies is a predictor of definite MS, but their role in the pathogenesis remains obscure. T cells have long been known to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of MS. Recently, an important role for B cells as autoantigen‐presenting cells has been demonstrated in other autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP‐derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease‐associated anti‐MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. We have investigated the formation of MBP‐containing IC, the binding of MBP to B cells, the MBP‐elicited induction of Th‐cell and B‐cell proliferation and the cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors grown in the presence of intact or C‐inactivated serum from healthy donors or patients with MS. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4(+) T cells, we observed the production of TNF‐α, IFN‐γ and IL‐10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. By contrast, no production of IL‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐5 was detected. We are currently investigating the capability of MS sera to promote the formation of MBP‐containing IC and thereby enhance the cytokine responses, by virtue of elevated anti‐MBP contents. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169603/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423k.x id: cord-321590-8y1jy01c author: Hetland, Geir title: Can medicinal mushrooms have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against COVID‐19 and its pneumonic superinfection and complicating inflammation? date: 2020-07-29 words: 5617.0 sentences: 302.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321590-8y1jy01c.txt summary: The related Basidiomycota Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM), Hericium erinaceus (HE), and Grifola frondosa (GF) have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against viral agents, Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, and parasites in vitro and in vivo. Effect of a Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSan™, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study Effect of the Medicinal Agaricus blazei Murill-Based Mushroom Extract, AndoSanTM, on Symptoms, Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Crohn''s Disease in a Randomized Single-Blinded Placebo Controlled Study Cytokine levels after consumption of a medicinal Agaricus blazei murill-based mushroom extract, AndoSan™, in patients with Crohn''s disease and ulcerative colitis in a randomized single-blinded placebo-controlled study Effect of an extract based on the medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill on expression of cytokines and calprotectin in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn''s disease abstract: Medicinal mushrooms have documented effects against different diseases, including infections and inflammatory disorders. The related Basidiomycota Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM), Hericium erinaceus (HE), and Grifola frondosa (GF) have been shown to exert antimicrobial activity against viral agents, Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, and parasites in vitro and in vivo. Since the mechanism is immunomodulatory and not antibiotical, the mushrooms should be active against multi‐drug resistant microbes as well. Moreover, since these Basidiomycota also have anti‐inflammatory properties, they may be suited for treatment of the severe lung inflammation that often follows COVID‐19 infection. An AbM‐based mushroom extract (Andosan™), also containing HE and GF, has been shown to significantly reduce bacteraemia and increase survival in mice with pneumococcal sepsis, and to improve symptoms and quality of life in IBD patients via an anti‐inflammatory effect. Hence, such mushroom extracts could have prophylactic or therapeutic effect against the pneumonic superinfection and severe lung inflammation that often complicates COVID‐19 infection. Here, we review antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory properties of AbM, HE and GF mushrooms, which could be used for the battle against COVID‐19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32657436/ doi: 10.1111/sji.12937 id: cord-023388-btbf6wkg author: Hoffmann, H. J. title: Decrease in Fine T‐cell Subset ratio MT2/MT1 During Steroid Reduction of Asthmatic Patients date: 2008-06-28 words: 16918.0 sentences: 871.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023388-btbf6wkg.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Combining inhaled long‐acting β‐2 agonist (LABA) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) seems to offer asthma control at a lower dose of ICS than achieved by ICS alone. Fine mapping of T‐cell surface markers by flow cytometry offers a detailed status of the individual's inflammatory response. The frequency of MT2 (CD4(+)CD45RA(–)CD62L(+)CD11adim) and MT1 (CD4(+)CD45RA(–)CD62L(–)CD11abright) cells in peripheral blood, and their ratio, has been shown to differ predictably in atopics and patients with leprosy, where MT2 correlates with a Th2 phenotype and MT1 with a Th1 phenotype. Stable asthmatics, requiring fluticasone propionate (FP) 750–1000 µg daily or equivalent, were randomized to receive, double‐blinded, either Seretide(®)[salmeterol and fluticasone propionate (SFC, n = 16)] 50 µg/500 µg bd or FP 500 µg bd (n = 17). If asthma was controlled based on lung function and symptoms at clinic visits every 6 weeks, ICS dose was tapered until asthma exacerbated or 0 µg was reached. The frequency and ratio of MT2 and MT1 T cells of the patients was monitored at 6 week intervals. As treatment tapered, the frequency of MT2 cells decreased (P = 0038 from first to final visit), whereas that of MT1 cells increased. The ratio of MT2/MT1 decreased (P = 0049 from first to final visit). In patients receiving LABA + ICS, the fall in MT2/MT1 ratio appeared to be more pronounced than in patients receiving ICS alone. Thus, the MT2 phenotype may be associated with stable asthma, whereas an imminent exacerbation may associate with an increase in the MT1 phenotype. LABA may allow for a greater effect of FP on the MT ratio. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169509/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ah.x id: cord-023407-s85g7g0x author: Huang, Y.‐M. title: Anti‐Inflammatory Liver X Receptors and Related Molecules in Multiple Sclerosis Patients from Sardinia and Sweden date: 2008-06-28 words: 17075.0 sentences: 876.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023407-s85g7g0x.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: The nuclear receptor heterodimers of liver X receptors (LXRs) are recently identified as key transcriptional regulators of genes involved in lipid homeostasis and inflammation. LXRs and their ligands are negative regulators of macrophage inflammatory gene expression. Multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown cause, is characterized by recurrent inflammation involving macrophages and their inflammatory mediators. Sweden belongs to the countries with a high MS incidence. In Italy, incidence is lower, with an exception for Sardinia where the incidence is even higher than that in Sweden. Subjects from Sardinia are ethnically more homogeneous and differ from Swedes, also regarding genetic background and environment. We studied LXRs and their related molecules of blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) from female patients with untreated relapsing‐remitting MS from Sassari, Sardinia and Stockholm, Sweden. Sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls (HCs) were from both areas. mRNA expression was evaluated by real‐time PCR. LXR‐α was lower (P < 0.05) in MS (mean ± SEM: 3.1 ± 0.2; n = 37) compared to HC (3.6 ± 0.1; n = 37). LXR‐α was lower in MS from Stockholm (2.6 ± 0.2; n = 22) compared to corresponding HC (3.4 ± 0.1; n = 22; P < 0.01) and compared to MS (3.8 ± 0.2; n = 15; P < 0.001) and HC (4 ± 0.2; n = 15; P < 0.001) from Sardinia. MS patients from Stockholm, but not from Sassari, also expressed lower (P < 0.05) LXR‐β (−4.1 ± 0.4) compared to corresponding HC (−2.9 ± 0.3). MS from Stockholm was associated with higher ABCA‐1 (6.1 ± 0.4 versus 5.0 ± 0.3; P < 0.05) and higher estrogen receptor‐β‐Cx (2.4 ± 0.4 versus 0.8 ± 0.4; P < 0.01) compared to corresponding HC. The HC from Sassari had higher androgen receptor (2.9 ± 0.2) compared to MS from Sassari (1.4 ± 0.3; P < 0.01), MS (1.3 ± 0.4; P < 0.01) and HC from Stockholm (1.2 ± 0.3; P < 0.01). MS from Sassari had lower cyclooxygenase‐1 compared to corresponding HC (5.1 ± 0.4 versus 6.6 ± 0.3; P < 0.01) and lower prostaglandin‐E (−0.03 ± 0.5) compared to the HC (1.4 ± 0.5; P < 0.05) and MS (2.7 ± 0.4; P < 0.05) and HC from Stockholm (1.9 ± 0.4, P < 0.001). Our findings identify LXRs and their related molecules as being involved in MS from Stockholm but not from Sassari, while sex hormone receptors seem to be involved in MS in Sassari. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169544/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423d.x id: cord-023387-tyeh14wz author: Hvas, C. L. title: Probiotic Bacteria Induce Regulatory Cytokine Production via Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 words: 16893.0 sentences: 881.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023387-tyeh14wz.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Probiotic bacteria, e.g. Lactobacillus spp., may improve diseases such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease. We examined cytokine production and phenotypic change after in vitro stimulation of T cells from healthy volunteers using different probiotic strains. Methods: T cells were cultured from colonic biopsies from eight healthy volunteers (Agnholt and Kaltoft, Exp Clin Immunogenet 2001;18:213–25), and dendritic cells were matured from their peripheral blood mononuclear cells. T‐cell cultures were stimulated with autologous bacterial sonicate or strains of Lactobacillus spp., with and without the addition of dendritic cells. Cytokine levels (TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, IL‐10 and GM‐CSF) and phenotype (CD3, CD4, CD25 and CD69) were measured on day 4. Results: Lactobacillus spp. induced higher productions of TNF‐α and IL‐10 than did autologous bacteria. In presence of dendritic cells, the production of all cytokines increased. However, the increases of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α were more pronounced in wells with autologous bacteria than in wells with Lactobacillus spp. The addition of dendritic cells upregulated CD25 expression without simultaneous upregulation of CD69. The upregulation was pronounced after stimulation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG compared with autologous bacteria and other lactobacilli. Discussion: In presence of dendritic cells, autologous bacteria induced inflammatory cytokines, while probiotics mainly induced regulatory cytokines. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG induced a regulatory phenotype (cd25(+)), in part mediated by dendritic cells. Future studies will address whether this shift to a CD25(+) phenotype represents a differentiation into competent regulatory T cells. In a clinical context, such cells might be used for treatment of inflammatory diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169507/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423au.x id: cord-023394-ptfjxpo6 author: Isa, A. title: Mapping of the Ex Vivo Cellular Immune Response Against the Complete Human Parvovirus B19 Genome During Acute Infection date: 2008-06-28 words: 16904.0 sentences: 872.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023394-ptfjxpo6.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Background: Human parvovirus B19 (B19) is a ubiquitous pathogen, normally causing a mild self‐limiting disease, but also capable of causing both significant pathology and long‐term persistence. The small size and stability of the virus makes it suitable for mapping of the full breath and the kinetics of the cellular immune responses following acute viral infection. Methods: Five patients with acute primary B19 infection were included in the study and followed consecutively for up to 200 weeks. Cellular immune responses were mapped by IFNγ enzyme‐linked immunospot to overlapping peptides spanning the whole B19 genome. Results: In all five acutely infected patients, we were able to monitor the kinetics of a strong specific cellular immune reaction. Responses peaked at levels of 850–1850 SFC/million PBMCs, roughly corresponding to 0.3–0.6% B19‐specific CD8(+) cells circulating in peripheral blood at 10–80 weeks post‐infection. The responses in individual patients were directed to three or four different peptide pools, and the specificity was confined to the same CD8 epitopes present in the pools throughout the follow‐up period. The majority of responses were directed to the virus nonstructural protein, only two patients showed any response to the capsid proteins, elicited by the same epitope in both cases. Conclusion: The cellular immune responses to acute B19 infection are surprisingly narrow in distribution and remain at high levels for up to 80 weeks post‐infection. The initial epitope specificity is maintained, and the majority of responses target the virus nonstructural protein, which is not included in vaccine preparations, evaluated against the infection. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169519/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423n.x id: cord-022631-s4n24xij author: Jonsson, M. V. title: Germinal Centres in Primary Sjögren''s Syndrome Indicate a Certain Clinical Immunological Phenotype date: 2008-06-28 words: 16905.0 sentences: 873.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022631-s4n24xij.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Ectopic germinal centers (GCs) can be detected in the salivary glands of approximately 1/5 of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and appear in both primary and secondary SS. Previously, ectopic GC have been associated with increased local autoantibody production. The aim of this study was to determine whether GC in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) defines a distinct seroimmunological phenotype. Retrospectively, a material of 130 haematoxylin and eosin‐stained paraffin‐embedded tissue sections of minor salivary gland tissue from patients with pSS was morphologically screened for the presence of ectopic GC. GC‐like lesions were detected in 33/130 (25%) of the pSS patients. Seventy‐two pSS patients lacking these structures (GC‐) were randomly selected for comparison. Focus score was significantly increased in the GC(+) patients compared to the GC(–) patients (P = 0.035). In the GC(+) group, 54.5% of the patients presented with anti‐Ro/SSA compared to 43.7% in the GC(–) group. Anti‐La/SSB was detected in 31.3% of the GC(+) patients compared to 25.7% of the GC(–) patients. Sixty‐one percentage of GC(+) patients presented with increased levels of IgG, a nonsignificant difference when compared to 39.4% in the GC(–) patients (P = 0.089). Levels of RF, ANA, ENA, IgM and IgA were similar in both patient groups, as were ESR and CRP. In conclusion, patients with ectopic GC have a higher focus score and more often present with autoantibodies and increased levels of IgG compared to pSS patients with regular focal infiltration (GC(–)). Our findings may indicate a certain seroimmunological phenotype and warrant for further prospective studies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159356/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423h.x id: cord-023415-hhvmsn5b author: Karlsson, H. title: Pattern of Cytokine Responses to Gram‐Positive and Gram‐Negative Commensal Bacteria is Profoundly Changed when Monocytes Differentiate into Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 words: 16909.0 sentences: 868.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023415-hhvmsn5b.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: The normal gastrointestinal flora is crucial for the maturation of the acquired immunity via effects on antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). Here, we have investigated how two types of APCs, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs), react to different bacterial strains typical of the commensal intestinal flora. Purified monocytes and monocyte‐derived DCs were stimulated with UV‐inactivated gram‐positive (Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis) and gram‐negative (Escherichia coli and Veillonella parvula) bacterial strains. Monocytes produced higher levels of IL‐12p70 and TNF, as detected by ELISA, in response to L. plantarum than to E. coli and V. parvula. In contrast, DCs secreted high amounts of IL‐12p70, TNF, IL‐6 and IL‐10 in response to E. coli and V. parvula but were practically unresponsive to L. plantarum and B. adolescentis. The lack of response to the gram‐positive strains correlated with a lower surface expression of Toll‐like reseptor 2 (TLR2) on DCs compared to monocytes. The surface expression of TLR4 on DCs was undetectable when analysed by flow cytometry, but blocking this receptor decreased the TNF production in response to V. parvula, indicating that low TLR4 expression on DCs is sufficient to mount an inflammatory response to gram‐negative bacteria. IFN‐γ increased the expression of TLR4 on DCs and also potentiated the cytokine response to gram‐negative bacteria. Our results indicate that, when monocytes differentiate into DCs, their ability to respond to different commensal bacteria dramatically changes, thereby becoming unresponsive to probiotic gram‐positive bacteria. These results may have important implications for the capacity of different groups of commensal bacteria to regulate mucosal and systemic immunity. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169557/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423at.x id: cord-023410-eblcf902 author: Kollgaard, T. M. title: Clonally Expanded CD8(+) T cells in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation date: 2008-06-28 words: 16915.0 sentences: 872.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023410-eblcf902.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023410-eblcf902.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a potentially curative therapy for patients with haematologic malignancies. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that donor T cells are involved in the antitumour effects observed after BMT. Thus, patients receiving T‐cell‐depleted BMT have a higher risk of leukaemia relapse compared to patients receiving nonmanipulated BMT, and patients experiencing graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) have a lower risk of disease relapse than patients who do not experience GVHD. Although the importance of donor T cells for the curative action of BMT has been established, the exact mechanisms and molecules involved in this graft‐versus‐tumour effect remain largely unknown. In a recently initiated project, we have conducted a longitudinal study of T‐cell clonotypes in patients who received peripheral blood stem cell grafts after nonmyeloablative conditioning. Peripheral blood samples were obtained sequentially after transplant, and the mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated and cryopreserved. CD8(+) T cells were isolated from the MNCs by use of immunomagnetic beads or FACS and analysed for the presence of clonally expanded cells by T‐cell receptor clonotype mapping based on RT‐PCR and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Using this gel‐based methodology, clonally expanded T cells were monitored after transplant and compared to the clinical data of the patients. The preliminary results demonstrates the presence of clonally expanded CD8(+) T cells at all time points analysed. Furthermore, a number of clonotypes persisted for more than 6 months, and other clonotypes emerged during this period. The appearance of newly emerged clonotypes which coincided with clinical GVHD could indicate a role for these T cells in the pathogenesis of GVHD. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169548/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bm.x id: cord-023393-8nye3nc8 author: Krarup, A. title: Mannan‐Binding Lectin, L‐Ficolin and H‐Ficolin Selectively Binds to Different Bacteria date: 2008-06-28 words: 16820.0 sentences: 864.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023393-8nye3nc8.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Mannan‐binding lectin (MBL), L‐ficolin and H‐ficolin are pattern recognition molecules of the innate immune system. We investigated the ability of these molecules to bind to different serotypes and noncapsulated variants of Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus. We found that MBL binds to noncapsulated S. aureus strain (Wood) but not any of the examined S. pneumoniae serotypes. L‐ficolin binds to some capsulated S. pneumoniae serotypes (11A, 11D and 11F) as well as some capsulated S. aureus serotypes (Type‐1, ‐8, ‐9, ‐11 and ‐12). H‐ficolin does not bind to any of the examined S. pneumoniae and S. aureus serotypes included in this study but did bind to a strain of Aerococcus viridans. When bound to bacteria, MBL and H‐ficolin initiated activation of complement factor C4, whereas L‐ficolin did not. During this study, quantitative assays for the three proteins were developed and the concentration in 97 plasma samples were determined and the median values were estimated at 0.8 μg of MBL/ml, 3.3 μg of L‐ficolin/ml and 18.4 μg of H‐ficolin/ml, respectively. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169518/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423al.x id: cord-023438-g0k0vvdc author: Krog, J. title: The Effects of Hyperbaric Exposure on Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, with Special Emphasis on Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity and Subsets date: 2008-06-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Materials and methods: As an experimental physiological stress model, we examined the effects of hyperbaric exposure on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from venous blood drawn from eight divers during a simulated heliox saturation dive. Eight persons working in normobar atmosphere outside the pressurized chamber served as control donors. The spontaneous cytotoxicity of the PBMCs was estimated in a 4 h 51Cr‐release assay using k562 as NK‐sensitive target cells. The PBMCs were characterized, using 4‐colour flow cytometry, with special emphasis on the NK‐cell subsets. The data were statistically analysed using a multivariate regression model (Stata 8.2). P values <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The estimated cytotoxicity increased significantly in both the group of divers and control donors during the dive (pdivers < 0.01 and pcontrols < 0.01). Although the cytotoxicity increased relatively more (P < 0.01) in the group of divers compared to the group of control donors between day 1 and 2. Discussion: The increased cytotoxicity of PBMC estimated in the group of divers indicate that parts of the cellular immune system are affected during the extreme physiological conditions induced during the initial phase of the presented experimental hyperbaric setup. The increase in cytotoxicity observed in the group of control donors could hypothetically reflect the stress level in persons working outside the pressurized chamber during the dive. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169595/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423aa.x id: cord-023445-c4tqioz1 author: Lauridsen, C. title: Supplementation of Vitamin C to Weaner Diets Increases IgM Concentration and Improves the Biological Activity of Vitamin E in Alveolar Macrophages date: 2008-06-28 words: 16947.0 sentences: 870.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023445-c4tqioz1.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Vitamins E and C have been found to increase the cellular and humeral immunity of pigs. Vitamin E deficiency has also been found to predispose pigs to different diseases, E. coli infection is one among them. After weaning, the vitamin E status of pigs often decreases to a critical low level. In this experiment, we studied whether vitamin C supplementation would be a possible feeding strategy to optimize the immune status of weaners. The interaction between vitamin E and C is interesting due to the reported sparing action on vitamin E or synergism between these to vitamins. Piglets were weaned at day 28 of age from sows fed increasing dietary vitamin E during lactation, and piglets were during the following 3 weeks fed either a control diet or this diet supplemented with 500 mg STAY‐C per kg. Blood sampling was obtained weekly from day 28 and until day 49 of age. On the same days, one piglet per dietary treatment was killed and alveolar macrophages (AM) were harvested. Vitamin C supplementation increased the concentration of IgM in serum of piglets throughout the weaning period. Although the vitamin E concentration in AM decreased with increasing age of the piglets, the concentration was numerically higher in piglets of sows fed the high dietary level of vitamin E. However, vitamin C supplementation tended to increase the total AM concentration of vitamin E after weaning and increased the proportion of the biologically most active isomer of vitamin E [RRR‐(α‐tocopherol)] in the AM. The eicosanoid synthesis by AM was not influenced by the vitamin C supplementation, but the synthesis of leukotriene B4 was decreased 2 weeks after weaning compared to other days of AM harvesting. In conclusion, dietary vitamin C supplementation improved the immune responses of piglets after weaning. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169619/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423u.x id: cord-315046-ltmuw6f8 author: Li, Keying title: SARS‐CoV‐2 infection‐induced immune responses: friends or foes? date: 2020-05-23 words: 3390.0 sentences: 227.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-315046-ltmuw6f8.txt summary: 6-7 SARS-COV-2-infected patients were observed to have massive accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and aberrant T cell responses compared to healthy individuals, providing evidence that COVID-19 may be an immune interrelated disease. [12] [13] So, viral RNA and S protein of SARS-related coronaviruses may have evolved as major PAMPs which can mediate innate immune signaling cascades, initiating an antiviral state in infected-cells. All rights reserved SARS-CoV-2-induced respiratory distress syndrome may involve deranged innate immune effector molecule production, abnormal elevation of inflammatory immune cells and cytokine storms. Dynamic innate immune responses of human bronchial epithelial cells to severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection Cell Responses Are Required for Protection from Clinical Disease and for Virus Clearance in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-Infected Mice▿ Response of Memory CD8+ T Cells to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus in Recovered SARS Patients and Healthy Individuals abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is an emerging coronavirus that belongs to the β genus, causing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19). SARS‐CoV‐2 infection can stimulate a pronounced immune response in the host, which embodies in the decrease of lymphocytes and aberrant increase of cytokines in COVID‐19 patients. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA and proteins interact with various pattern recognition receptors that switch on antiviral immune responses to regulate viral replication and spreading within the host in vivo. However, overactive and impaired immune responses also cause immune damage and subsequent tissue inflammation. This article focuses on the dual roles of immune system during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, providing a theoretical basic for identifying therapeutic targets in a situation with an unfavorable immune reaction. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32445403/ doi: 10.1111/sji.12895 id: cord-023373-6wh1kb3p author: Melchjorsen, J. title: Differential Requirements for Toll‐Like Receptor Signalling for Induction of Chemokine Expression by Herpes Simplex Virus and Sendai Virus date: 2008-06-28 words: 16841.0 sentences: 866.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023373-6wh1kb3p.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system, which recognize molecular structures on pathogens or cellular stress‐associated molecules. TLR–ligand interactions trigger activation of inflammatory signal transduction and expression of genes involved in host defense. In this study, we have examined the requirement for different TLR adaptor molecules in virus‐induced chemokine expression and are currently trying to identify the TLR involved. We have found that both a herpesvirus [herpes simplex virus (HSV)] and a paramyxovirus (Sendai virus) require a functional genome to induce expression or proinflammatory chemokines in human and murine monocytic cell lines. For both viruses, this is independent of the TLR adaptor molecules TRIF and Mal. However, overexpression of the Vaccinia virus‐encoded inhibitor of TLR‐signalling A52R or dominant‐negative MyD88 totally inhibited HSV‐induced RANTES expression but only partially prevented Sendai virus from inducing this chemokine. This suggests that HSV‐induced RANTES expression occurs via a TLR pathways, whereas Sendai virus utilizes both TLR‐dependent and ‐independent pathways to stimulate expression of RANTES. We are currently trying to identify the TLRs involved. Data from these studies will also be presented at the meeting. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169484/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423r.x id: cord-023430-5zuewjv2 author: Nilkaeo, A. title: Interleukin‐18 Inhibition of Oral Carcinoma Cell Proliferation date: 2008-06-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Interleukin‐18 (IL‐18), a pro‐inflammatory cytokine that is produced by both lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells, has a critical role in modulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Its primary function in stimulation of IFN‐γ production and stimulation of NK‐cell‐cytotoxic activities makes this cytokine a candidate for cancer immunotherapy. In oral cavity, this cytokine is produced by oral epithelia and carcinoma cells and is related to tumour regression in nude mice bearing salivary adenocarcinoma. However, direct effects of this cytokine on oral cancer cells have not been elucidated. In this project, we investigated IL‐18 effect on an oral carcinoma (KB) cell line. With RT‐PCR technique, KB‐cell line was found to express IL‐18 receptors (IL‐18Rα and IL‐18Rβ), indicating that this oral carcinoma line is a target for IL‐18 study. We showed that recombinant human IL‐18 inhibited KB‐cell proliferation by 17% at concentration of 100 ng/ml (P < 0.05), whereas LDH release by these cells in treatment group and control groups was comparable, indicating that IL‐18 suppression of cell proliferation was not mediated by the induction of cell death. To further address this hypothesis, we found that IL‐18 treatment did not induce apoptotic cell death, as studied by DNA laddering and TUNEL assays. In addition, expression pattern of cell death‐controlling genes (bcl‐2 and bax) was not altered by this cytokine. Findings in these studies indicated that suppression of KB‐cell proliferation may be attributed to control of cell cycle, growth arrest or induction of cell differentiation. The data presented in this project could provide an insight of how cancer cell directly responds to IL‐18, as this cytokine is an important regulator of anticancer mechanisms. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169582/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bg.x id: cord-306096-2yl07bdq author: OLDSTONE, M. B. A. title: Viruses and Autoimmune Diseases date: 2003-11-03 words: 3510.0 sentences: 176.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306096-2yl07bdq.txt summary: In the absence of viral infection, IDDM can be induced when such anergic CTL clones (of high or low affinity) in the periphery are activated as they pass into an islet environment where interferon-g or B7.1 are expressed [9, 10] . To examine whether molecular mimicry between a virus and a protein expressed in oligodendrocytes could lead to a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disease much like the demyelinating disease, multiple sclerosis, transgenic mice were generated whose oligodendrocytes expressed either the nucleoprotein or glycoprotein of a virus [41] . Virus infection triggers insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a transgenic model: role of anti-self (virus) immune response Molecular mimicry in T-cell mediated autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T-cell clones specific for myelin basic protein Oral insulin treatment suppresses virus-induced antigen-specific destruction of b cells and prevents autoimmune diabetes in transgenic mice abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9350280/ doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-145.x id: cord-352747-o30wbq6m author: Pereira, C. A. title: Mouse Hepatitis Virus 3 Binding to Macrophages Correlates with Resistance to Experimental Infection date: 2008-10-09 words: 2350.0 sentences: 106.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352747-o30wbq6m.txt summary: Lucchiari, to his laboratory, and in 1992, we published a paper showing that the pattern of protein synthesized in the liver was profoundly perturbed upon mouse hepatitis viruses (MHV) infection [1] , and that some gene products related to the induction of antiviral state in macrophages resistant and sensitive to interferon-g (IFN-g) could be readily characterized [2] . A few years later, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, we have found that IFN-g was capable of inducing a downregulation of the main viral receptor only in macrophages originated from resistant mice, explaining at least in part the cellular and molecular basis of mouse resistance to MHV infection [3, 4] . Our quantitative biology studies [1, 4] showing upregulated and downregulated proteins and genes in resistant and susceptible macrophages opened a great perspective for investigations of the biological role of these cells and have also confirmed the downregulation of an MHV3 receptor gene by IFN-g activation [4] . abstract: Mouse hepatitis virus 3 (MHV3) infection of A/J and BALB/c mice has been used as a model of resistance/susceptibility. A/J mice recover from a mild disease after 4–6 days of infection and the BALB/c mice develop an acute hepatitis and die after 3–4 days of infection. In view of studying the MHV3 binding to cells or cell extracts, we performed an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay‐like virus‐binding assay, preparing microplates with L929 cells, A/J or BALB/c mouse macrophages and also with proteins extracted from these cells. Higher MHV3 bindings were observed to proteins of BALB/c macrophages than to the A/J ones. The interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) activation led to a reduction of MHV3 binding only to proteins of resistant A/J mouse macrophages. Our experiments contribute to the hypothesis that IFN‐γ activation of macrophages plays an important role against MHV3 infection by downregulating the expression of viral receptors. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15953191/ doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2005.01616.x id: cord-023372-ft8cp9op author: Rahman, Q. K. title: The Immunomodulatory Effect of Heat Shock Protein 70: Immunization with a DNA Construct Based on the Malarial Antigen Fused with a Fragment of HSP 70 Primes for a Th‐1 Type of Response date: 2008-06-28 words: 16863.0 sentences: 874.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023372-ft8cp9op.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Finding an appropriate adjuvant for human vaccination is crucial. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) act as adjuvants when coadministered with peptide antigens or given as fusion proteins. However, there is a potential risk of autoimmunity when using the complete molecules, because HSPs are evolutionary conserved. To overcome this, we first evaluated the adjuvant effect against two different antigens of a less‐conserved fraction of Plasmodium falciparum HSP70 (Pf70C) and compared it to the whole HSP70 molecule from Trypanosoma cruzi (TcHSP70). We found that Pf70C exhibited similar adjuvant properties as the whole molecule. We later evaluated the adjuvant potential of Pf70C against the malarial antigen EB200 in a chimeric DNA construct. No appreciable levels of EB200‐specific antibodies were detected in mice immunized only with the DNA constructs. However, DNA primed the immune system, because subsequent challenge with the corresponding recombinant fusion proteins elicited a strong Th‐1 antibody response. In contrast, no priming effect was observed for ex vivo IFN‐γ production but stimulation with the HSP‐chimeric fusion protein induced a stronger secretion of IFN‐γin vitro than other proteins used. These results indicate that the use of HSPs is promising in the design of new vaccines. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169481/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423aw.x id: cord-023402-8qfmo6rq author: Reinholdt, J. title: Pneumococcal IgA1 Protease Activity Interferes with Opsonophagocytosis of Streptococcus Pneumoniae Mediated by Serotype‐Specific Human Monoclonal IgA1 Antibodies date: 2008-06-28 words: 17011.0 sentences: 882.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023402-8qfmo6rq.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Bacteria‐specific IgA antibodies are efficient opsonins for neutrophils and mononuclear phagocytes, provided that the phagocytes express the Fca receptor (CD89). Expression of CD89 can be stimulated by inflammatory cytokines, activated complement factors and certain microbial components. In one study, unstimulated phagocytes were able to ingest IgA antibody‐treated pneumococci, but only in the presence of complement, which was found to be activated by the IgA antibodies along the alternative pathway. Pneumococci produce IgA1 protease that cleaves human IgA1, but not IgA2, molecules in the hinge region. This leaves IgA1 as Fabα (monovalent) deprived of Fcα which contains the docking site for CD89. IgA1 is the vastly predominant subclass of IgA in the upper airways and circulation of humans. Aims: To examine the effects of IgA1 protease activity and complement on phagocytosis of IgA antibody‐coated pneumococci by an unstimulated human phagocytic cell line (hl60). Materials and methods: IgA1 and IgA2 monoclonal antibodies to serotype 4 pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (ps) were generated by heterohybridoma technique involving B cells from human vaccinees. Isogenic serotype 4 pneumococci with and without IgA1 protease activity, respectively, were obtained after inactivation of the iga gene of the TIGR4 strain. Opsonophagocytosis was quantitated using the assay described by Romero‐Steiner et al. Based on enumeration of surviving bacteria by culture. The integrity of IgA molecules was examined by western blotting. Results: Both IgA1 and IgA2 antibody to type‐4 polysaccharide‐induced phagocytosis of IgA1 protease‐deficient type‐4 pneumococci equally well in the absence as in the presence of complement. Iga1 antibody to type‐4 polysaccharide displayed a fourfold higher opsonophagocytosis titer against IgA1 protease deficient compared to homologous wildtype target bacteria. A similar effect of IgA1 protease activity of the target bacteria was not observed in a parallel experiment where IgA2 antibody to type‐4 polysaccharide served as opsonin. IgA1 antibody extracted from IgA1 protease‐producing target bacteria was almost exclusively in the form of Fabα. Conversely, IgA1 from protease‐deficient bacteria and IgA2 from both types of bacteria were intact. Conclusions: These results indicate that the IgA1 protease activity of S. neumoniae may help the bacteria escape IgA1 antibody‐mediated opsonophagocytosis. Besides, in these experiments, IgA‐mediated opsonophagocytosis was independent of complement. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169534/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423t.x id: cord-276966-wmelyonk author: Roe, Kevin title: A proposed treatment for pathogenic enveloped viruses having high rates of mutation or replication date: 2020-07-08 words: 5242.0 sentences: 242.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276966-wmelyonk.txt summary: In targeting specific viral pathogens, dual-protein ligand masks (for brevity, henceforth called dualprotein ligands) should be able to create a quick and powerful immune memory response with existing memory immune cells against some viral pathogens or virus infected cells, without some of the practical limitations of vaccines. Dual-protein ligands could induce an immune response by mimicking the key parts of antigens that activate existing immune memory cells or innate immune cells to attack tagged viral pathogens. All rights reserved One treatment option injects dual-protein ligands into the blood stream or localized regions to mask pathogenic surface proteins used by viruses to infect mammalian cells. Targeted dual-protein ligands could mask viral surface proteins to quickly treat some untreatable virus infections by using already existing immune cells. abstract: Several enveloped viruses, particularly some RNA viruses, have high rates of mutation or replication, which can make them virulent pathogens in humans and other mammals. A proposed treatment could use synthesized proteins to mask pathogenic viral surface proteins to quickly induce an immune attack on specific enveloped viruses by using existing immune cells. One treatment could inject dual‐protein ligand masks into patients' blood streams to mask pathogenic surface proteins used to infect mammalian cells. The mammalian immune system already uses an analogous, more complex structure called a pentraxin to neutralize some pathogens by connecting their surface proteins to immune cells. And several types of antiviral peptides have already experimentally demonstrated effectiveness in blocking various viral pathogen infections. These treatments offer advantages, especially for currently untreatable viral pathogens. Furthermore, using dual‐protein ligands and the antigenic memory of some subpopulations of NK cells would also allow the creation of defacto vaccines based on a host's NK cells, instead of vaccines utilizing CD4 and CD8 α:β T cells, which are limited by the requirement of MHC presentation of the target antigens to α:β T cells. Targeted NK cell vaccines could attack host cells latently or actively infected by intracellular pathogens, even host cells having pathogen downregulated MHC antigen presentation. Eight postulates concerning the effects of pathogen mutation, or change in phenotype from genetic recombination or rearrangement, and replication rates on pathogen versus host dominance are also listed, which should be applicable to viral and non‐viral pathogens. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32640050/ doi: 10.1111/sji.12928 id: cord-023429-x52gbklw author: Ruseva, M. title: Mannan‐Binding Lectin Inhibits Humoural Responses date: 2008-06-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects about 200–400 million people worldwide and represents one of the leading causes for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Control over the HBV infection is achieved mainly by vaccination with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). HBsAg contains N‐linked glycosylation side and is recognized by both MBL‐A and MBL‐C in a Ca‐dependent manner. HbsAg–MBL complexes activate complement and may thus affect humoural immunity. To investigate the role of MBL in humoural responses to HBsAg, we immununized mice that lack both MBL‐A and MBL‐C proteins with soluble HBsAg. It has been shown that deficiencies in other complement components like C1q, C4 and C3 result in decreased antibody responses. However, MBL double KO animals mounted dramatically increased humoural responses. After priming, MBL double KOs mounted HbsAg‐specific IgM responses, which were threefold higher than WT controls. After boosting the HBsAg, total IgG was 10‐fold higher in MBL KO than in WT control animals. Similar to the response to HbsAg, other glycosylated soluble antigens (e.g. invertase) induced better humoural responses in MBL double KO animals, suggesting that MBL plays an important role in a negative feedback regulation of adaptive immunity. Reconstitution experiments with rMBL partially rescued the KO phenotype. We propose that the clearance of glycoprotein antigens in MBL KO is handled differently from the WT, resulting in better stimulation of humoural responses. Alternatively, glycoprotein‐Ag‐MBL‐rich complexes inhibit B‐cell responsiveness via putative MBL receptors. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169581/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423an.x id: cord-023425-3sjsogvq author: Røntved, C. M. title: Do High and Low Tumour Necrosis Factor‐α Responders Exist in Dairy Cows? date: 2008-06-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: A whole blood stimulation assay with Escherichia coli (O111:B4) endotoxin was established to measure the capacity of dairy cows to produce the proinflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) ex vivo. Initially, a time‐ and dose‐dependent study was carried out to find the optimal stimulation conditions for the TNF‐α response. The TNF‐α response peaked between 3 and 4 h at 38.5 °C. A dose in the range of 5–10 g of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ml whole blood was found to give the maximum TNF‐α response. Thirty‐eight Danish–Holstein dairy cows were investigated for their TNF‐α responsiveness ex vivo in the periparturient period. Heparin‐stabilized blood samples were collected seven times over a period of 4 months (weeks −3, −1, 2, 3, 5, 9 and 13 around calving) and stimulated with 5 g/ml of E. coli LPS. Indeed, fluctuations in the TNF‐α responsiveness occurred over time. Moreover, the mean TNF‐α responsiveness of 38 cows was found to be significantly increased (P < 0.001) in the weeks close to calving. However, in the more stabile physiological periods, some cows had a consistently low TNF‐α response, whereas others had high a TNF‐α response. We are currently investigating whether high and low TNF‐α responders to E. coli LPS also exist in dairy cows in vivo. Moreover, the importance of TNF‐α responsiveness ex vivo to dairy cows' susceptibility and clinical response to experimental E. coli infections in the udder is being investigated. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169577/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423v.x id: cord-023433-d1b7qvhs author: Siassi, M. title: Expression of Human Collectins in Colorectal Carcinoma date: 2008-06-28 words: 16906.0 sentences: 879.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023433-d1b7qvhs.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Introduction: The human collectins, mannan‐binding lectin (MBL), surfactant protein‐A (SP‐A) and surfactant‐protein‐D (SP‐D) play a central role in the innate immune system. Immunological responses to malignant transformation of epithelial cells gained increasing interest recently. A former study could demonstrate binding of MBL to certain colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cell lines in vitro. We therefore examined the expression of human collectins in normal colon mucosa and in colorectal carcinomas. Materials and methods: Colon samples from 20 CRC patients and 10 normal mucosa samples were collected immediately after surgery. The tissue was microdissected and RNA isolated (Qiagen, Rneasy‐Kit). Gene expression profiles were analysed using Gene‐chips (Affymetrix, HG‐U133). We analysed the data for the expression of MBL, its associated serine proteases mannan‐binding lectin‐associated serine protease 1/2 (MASP 1/2), SP‐A and SP‐D. The signal intensity of the genes of interest was compared using the Mann–Whitney U‐test. Results: The expression of human collectins in normal human colon mucosa was generally low. Only the expression of SP‐A and MASP‐2 reached the noise threshold of 250 signals. These genes were significantly downregulated in CRC specimens. The expression of the other proteins showed no difference in normal mucosa and CRC. Conclusion: As demonstrated before, the expression of human collectins in normal colon was low in this study. Only SP‐A showed a significant expression in normal mucosa which was downregulated in CRC. As the absolute signal level was below the noise threshold, these results have to be interpreted with caution and require confirmation by direct measurenment of the proteins. Our results suggest that there is no major role for the human collectins in colorectal cancer. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169588/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bo.x id: cord-023431-zjyrhlxn author: Sigmundsdóttir, H. title: Differential Effects of Interleukin‐12 and Interleukin‐10 on Superantigen‐Induced Expression of Cutaneous Lymphocyte‐Associated Antigen and αEβ7 Integrin (CD103) by CD8(+) T cells date: 2008-06-28 words: 16867.0 sentences: 869.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023431-zjyrhlxn.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: The interaction with adhesion molecules expressed by vascular endothelium is the first step in lymphocyte infiltration into tissues. At both cutaneous and mucosal sites interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), IL‐12 and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β are important regulators of chronic inflammatory disease, where cutaneous lymphocyte‐associated antigen (CLA) and αE integrin (CD103) may be expressed. Unlike CLA, CD103 is not believed to play a role in tissue‐specific homing but may help to retain T cells within epithelial layers. We have previously shown that IL‐12 alone can together with an unknown cofactor increase the expression of CLA. Stimulation with streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C (SpeC) increased the expression of CD103 by CD8(+) but not CD4(+) T cells. While IL‐12 increased superantigen‐stimulated expression of CLA, this cytokine strongly inhibited the CD103 expression, and a combination of IL‐12 and TGF‐β completely abrogated the induced CD103 expression. Conversely, IL‐10 suppressed CLA but increased CD103 expression. These findings indicate that, in addition to suppressing the development of Th1‐mediated inflammatory responses, IL‐10 may also inhibit the migration of CD8(+) T cells into the skin while IL‐12 promotes such migration. Thus, the expression of CLA and CD103 may be antagonistically regulated by IL‐10 and IL‐12, and the balance between these cytokines could influence the T‐cell migration of inflammatory cells into epithelial tissues. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169583/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ab.x id: cord-023419-lnmc6vv5 author: Steinhauer, C. title: High‐Throughput Proteomics on Antibody‐based Microarrays: the Importance of Probe and Surface Design date: 2008-06-28 words: 16884.0 sentences: 871.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023419-lnmc6vv5.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: In analogy to DNA microarrays, protein microarrays offer a new distinct possibility to perform sensitive high‐throughput global proteome analysis. However, the development of the protein microarray technology will place high demands upon the design of both probes and solid supports. The analysis of thousands of heterogeneous proteins on a single microarray requires the use of uniform probes, such as antibodies, directly designed for protein microarray applications. We have recently generated a human recombinant single‐chain Fv antibody library, genetically constructed around one framework, the nCoDeR‐library, containing 2 × 1010 clones. Single framework antibody fragments (sinFabs) selected from this library were successfully applied as probes for microarrays providing sensitive detection in the 600 attomol (mass spectrometry) and the 300 zeptomole range (fluorescence). However, the choice of framework is critical. We have shown that the selected nCoDeR framework displayed excellent functional on‐chip stability and arrayed dehydrated probes retained their activity for several months. Furthermore, we have addressed the issues of biocompatibility of the solid support and immobilization strategies for our microarray setup. An in‐house‐designed substrate, macroporous silicon coated with nitrocellulose (MAP3‐NC7), displayed properties equal to, or better than, those of five commercially available supports used as reference surfaces. We have also evaluated different coupling strategies, such as adsorption, covalent coupling, diffusion and affinity coupling. Using a novel affinity tag, the double‐(his)6‐tag, we increased the binding efficiency of sinFab‐molecules to Ni2(+)‐coated solid supports, thereby allowing nonpurified probes to be directly applied. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169563/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ax.x id: cord-023374-87ob1exq author: Sukhija, S. title: Levels, Complement Activity and Polymorphisms of Mannan‐Binding Lectin in Patients of Bronchial Asthma with Allergic Rhinitis date: 2008-06-28 words: 16891.0 sentences: 869.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023374-87ob1exq.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Activation of complement pathways, leading to production of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins, has been postulated in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergic airway inflammation. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of mannan‐binding lectin (MBL), an initiator of the lectin pathway of complement, in asthma and allergic rhinitis. MBL levels and MBL‐induced complement activity were determined in 19 patients of bronchial asthma with allergic rhinitis and 20 unrelated, age‐matched controls of Indian origin. MBL levels and activity were correlated with percent eosinophilia and percent predicted FEV1 values of the patients. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 1 and intron 1 of the MBL with the disease, clinical markers, MBL levels and MBL‐induced complement activity was analysed using standard statistical tools. Significantly higher MBL levels and activity were observed in patients of bronchial asthma with allergic rhinitis as compared to the controls. We identified five SNPs, of which two, A816G in exon 1 and G1011A in intron 1 of the MBL, were novel. SNP G1011A was significantly associated with the disease (P = 0.0024, OR = 5.8696, 95% CI: 1.7316 < OR < 19.8963). Individuals with ‘A’ allele at position 1011 showed increased MBL levels, activity and disease severity. Our results suggest that ‘A’ allele at position 1011 leading to high MBL levels and complement activity may be contributing to the severity of bronchial asthma and allergic airway inflammation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169489/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ai.x id: cord-023421-1d1gf7az author: Sønder, S. U. S. title: Monitoring Patients Treated with Type 1 Interferons: Antiviral versus MxA Induction Assays date: 2008-06-28 words: 16866.0 sentences: 873.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023421-1d1gf7az.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: Interferon‐α/β (IFN‐α/β) is increasingly used as antiviral and immunomodulatory therapies. Unfortunately, bioavailability varies with IFN species and mode of administration, and all IFN species are potentially immunogenic. Assays for antiviral activity (IFN) and antiviral neutralization (antibodies, NAb) have been used for some time to monitor patients on IFN biologicals. These assays require laborious titrations making them unsuitable for large‐scale clinical use. Our laboratories have therefore modified the antiviral assays for IFN bioactivity and Nab, so that they are suitable for large‐scale screening in specialized laboratories. The read‐out is survival of a subcloned A549 cell line in the presence of an otherwise lethal amount of virus. Thus, survival increases in the presence of type 1 IFN and decreases in the presence of NAb against the IFN added to the cells. MxA is induced by type 1 IFN and can be used for measuring the Nab activity. In another assay, the MxA level in the A549 cell line is measured. In an attempt to find a new and better reporter gene for type 1 IFN than MxA and genes specific for either IFN‐α or ‐β, a micro array screen was carried using the U133A chip from Affymetrix. The expression of 22,000 genes can be studied simultaneous with this technology. The results will be presented at the conference. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169566/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423bb.x id: cord-023391-bq5w3jk9 author: Utermöhlen, O. title: Delayed Elimination of the LCM Virus from Acid Sphingomyelinase‐Deficient Mice due to Reduced Expansion of Virus‐Specific CD8(+) T Lymphocytes date: 2008-06-28 words: 16856.0 sentences: 870.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023391-bq5w3jk9.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: The phagolysosomally localized acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) activated by proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IFN‐γ generates the signalling molecule ceramide which in turn results in the activation of proteases like cathepsin D. These characteristics of ASMase suggest a possible role of this molecule in the phagocytotic uptake and phagosomal degradation processes of antigens or in antigen presentation. We show here that ASMase(–/–) mice fail to eliminate the noncytopathic lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus as rapidly as littermate wildtype mice. Investigation of the immune response revealed a reduced expansion of CD8(+) T cells. The secretion of IFN‐γ in response to contact with target cells as well as the cytolytic activity of virus‐specific CD8(+) T cells was severely impaired. Additionally, both phases of the LCM virus‐specific DTH response, mediated by CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells consecutively, were diminished in ASMase(–/–) mice. However, the secondary memory response of virus‐specific CTL was not altered, and the virus was effectively controlled for at least 3 months by ASMase(–/–) mice. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus‐specific CD8(+) T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169516/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423l.x id: cord-023417-by18aczt author: Vilhelmsson, M. title: The Malassezia sympodialis Allergen Mala s 11 with Sequence Similarity to Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Induces Maturation and Production of Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Dendritic Cells date: 2008-06-28 words: 16931.0 sentences: 868.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023417-by18aczt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023417-by18aczt.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: The chronic inflammatory skin disease atopic eczema (AE) affects almost 15% of the population in many countries today. The pathogenesis of AE is not fully understood. A combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors like microorganisms seems to contribute to the symptoms. The yeast Malassezia sympodialis is part of our normal skin micro flora but can act as an allergen and elicit specific IgE and T‐cell reactivity in patients with AE. Recently, we identified a novel major M. sympodialis allergen, designated Mala s 11 (22.4 kDa), with sequence similarity to the mitochondrial enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Interestingly, Mala s 11 has a high degree of homology to human MnSOD. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of recombinant Mala s 11 on antigen‐presenting dendritic cells. Monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) from healthy blood donors were cultured with or without Mala s 11 for different time periods. It was found that the maturation marker CD83 and the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 were upregulated on the MDDCs exposed to Mala s 11 for 24 h, as demonstrated by flow cytometry. Furthermore, coculture of MDDCs with Mala s 11 for 9 h induced an increased production of the inflammatory cytokines IL‐6 (200‐fold), TNF‐α (100‐fold) and IL‐8 (sixfold), as detected by the cytometric bead array (CBA) analysis. Our results suggest that Mala s 11 affects the immune response through DC maturation and production of inflammatory cytokines. The potential cross‐reactivity with human MnSOD needs to be explored and the exact role of Mala s 11 in the pathogenesis of AE assessed in clinical studies involving skin prick and atopy patch tests. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169559/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423ae.x id: cord-023389-ilrp8vb7 author: Wefer, J. title: Protective DNA Vaccination Against MOG(91‐108)‐Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Involves Induction of IFNβ date: 2008-06-28 words: 16845.0 sentences: 866.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023389-ilrp8vb7.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: DNA vaccine coding for the encephalitogenic peptide MOG(91‐108) protects LEW.1AV1 from subsequent development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Protection is associated with a type 1 immune response and is dependent on the presence of CpG DNA motifs. The mechanisms underlying the observed reduction of EAE development in protected rats have not been fully clarified. We investigated immunological characteristics of lymphocytes after DNA vaccinaton and subsequent EAE induction. We confirm that protection was not associated with suppression of T1 cells, as transcription of the novel molecule rat T‐cell immunoglobulin‐ and mucin‐domain‐containing molecule (TIM‐3), reported to be exclusively expressed on differentiated T1 cells, was not altered by DNA vaccination. We did not note any clonal deletion upon tolerization, but detected an antigen‐specific lymphocyte population upregulating IFNγ upon recall stimulation 3 weeks after protective DNA vaccination. In protected rats, we observed (1) no alterations in antigen‐specific Th2 or Th3 responses, (2) reduced MHC II expression on splenocytes early after EAE induction, (3) antigen‐specific upregulation of IFNβ upon recall stimulation and (4) reduced IL‐12Rβ2 on lymphocytes. We thus demonstrate an association of the protective effect of DNA vaccination with expression of IFNβ. We are currently investigating the cellular mechanisms behind this IFNβ‐mediated protection. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169512/ doi: 10.1111/j.0300-9475.2004.01423j.x id: cord-303143-4sksz6xz author: Wu, Y. P. title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients date: 2009-03-19 words: 4222.0 sentences: 243.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303143-4sksz6xz.txt summary: title: Elevated Plasma Surfactant Protein D (SP‐D) Levels and a Direct Correlation with Anti‐severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐specific IgG Antibody in SARS Patients The diagnosis was further confirmed using the ELISA assay for plasma SARS-CoV protein N IgG measurement (described below). Anti-SARS-CoV N protein IgG levels were [median (95% CI)] 0.97 (0.81-1.58) versus 0.05 (0.04-0.06) and 0.05 (0.04-0.07) units (OD450) in patients with SARStype pneumonia, patients with CAP (S. A significant correlation between plasma SP-D and anti-SARS-CoV N protein IgG measured in SARS patients was observed using linear regression (r 2 = 0.5995, P = 0.02) (Fig. 5) . This was further confirmed by the measures of lung injury reported in the present study showing no significant differences in pulmonary infiltrate, chest radiographic score, thrombocytopenia and leucocytopenia between SARS patients and the bacterial-type pneumonia patients. Plasma surfactant protein levels and clinical outcomes in patients with acute lung injury abstract: Pulmonary SP‐D is a defence lectin promoting clearance of viral infections. SP‐D is recognized to bind the S protein of SARS‐CoV and enhance phagocytosis. Moreover, systemic SP‐D is widely used as a biomarker of alveolar integrity. We investigated the relation between plasma SP‐D, SARS‐type pneumonia and the SARS‐specific IgG response. Sixteen patients with SARS, 19 patients with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP) (Streptococcus pneumonia) and 16 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Plasma SP‐D and anti‐SARS‐CoV N protein IgG were measured using ELISA. SP‐D was significantly elevated in SARS‐type pneumonia [median (95% CI), 453 (379–963) ng/ml versus controls 218 (160–362) ng/ml, P < 0.05] like in patients with CAP. SP‐D significantly correlated with anti‐SARS‐CoV N protein IgG (r (2) = 0.5995, P = 0.02). The possible re‐emergence of SARS or SARS‐like infections suggests a need for minimal traumatic techniques for following the alveolar compartment, e.g. during testing of antivirals. We suggest that monitoring systemic SP‐D may be useful in monitoring the alveolar integrity in SARS‐type pneumonia. The significant correlation between plasma SP‐D and anti‐SARS‐CoV‐specific antibodies support the role for SP‐D in interlinking innate and adaptive immune pathways. url: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02245.x doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02245.x id: cord-023443-pvz7dll9 author: nan title: Abstracts for the Scandinavian Society for Immunology 35th Annual Meeting and 20th Summer School date: 2004-06-02 words: 16643.0 sentences: 857.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023443-pvz7dll9.txt summary: We demonstrate that Cw6 þ psoriasis patients had significant CD8 þ T-cell IFN-g responses to peptides from K17 and M6 protein selected on the basis of sequence homology and predicted HLA-Cw*0602 binding. The uptake of MBP by B cells and the presentation of MBP-derive peptides to T helper (Th) cells by B cells may be promoted by the formation of complement (C) activating immune complexes (ICs) between MBP and natural autoantibodies in healthy individuals and disease-associated anti-MBP antibodies in MS patients, respectively. While MBP did not induce measurable proliferation of B cells nor CD4 þ T cells, we observed the production of TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-10 by PBMC in response to incubation with MBP in the presence of sera from healthy controls as well as sera from MS patients. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest an involvement of the ASMase in the activation, expansion or maturation of virus-specific CD8 þ T cells during the acute infection of mice with the LCM virus. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169613/ doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2004.01423.x ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel