id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-298990-bjv6xnqp Zhang, Minsi A health-based assessment of particulate air pollution in urban areas of Beijing in 2000–2004 2007-04-15 .txt text/plain 4454 239 58 Relevant research has been carried out in some cities and countries around the world (Beirut, Lebanon: El-Fadel and Massoud, 2000; Singapore: Quah and Boon, 2003; Shanghai, China: Kan and Chen, 2004) , indicating that the total economic cost of PM accounted for 4.31% and 1.03% of the gross domestic product (GDP) of Singapore and Shanghai, respectively. The health effects of PM 10 include mortality, especially from cardiovascular and respiratory problems, and morbidity, e.g., acute and chronic bronchitis and asthma attacks, accompanied by outpatient visits to internal medicine and pediatrics and hospital admission (Pope et al., 1995a) . (2003) showed that even the levels of particulate air pollution in Sydney were relatively low, e.g., the PM 10 concentrations ranged only in 16-26 μg m − 3 , it was still found the PM pollution were consistently associated with both daily mortality and hospital admissions, which indicated no threshold concentrations for health effects were present. ./cache/cord-298990-bjv6xnqp.txt ./txt/cord-298990-bjv6xnqp.txt