id sid tid token lemma pos cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 1 key key JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 2 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 3 cord-275016-ij5yaqkx cord-275016-ij5yaqkx CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 4 authors author NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 5 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 6 Someya Someya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 8 Yuichi Yuichi NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 9 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 10 Takeda Takeda NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 11 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 12 Naokazu Naokazu NNPS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 13 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 14 Miyamura Miyamura NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 15 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 16 Tatsuo Tatsuo NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 17 title title NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 18 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 19 Characterization characterization NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 20 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 21 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 22 norovirus norovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 23 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 24 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 25 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 26 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 27 date date NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 28 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 29 2005 2005 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 30 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 31 03 03 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 32 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 33 08 08 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 34 journal journal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 1 35 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 2 1 Virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 2 2 Res res NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 2 3 DOI doi NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 2 4 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 3 1 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 3 2 / / SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 3 3 j.virusres.2005.02.002 j.virusres.2005.02.002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 3 4 sha sha XX cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 3 5 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 1 f0283b5c2d9e5c88d7561a6d8d5332d5221dd7d0 f0283b5c2d9e5c88d7561a6d8d5332d5221dd7d0 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 3 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 4 275016 275016 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 6 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 4 7 ij5yaqkx ij5yaqkx . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 2 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 3 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 4 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 5 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 6 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 8 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 9 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 10 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 11 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 12 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 13 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 14 expressed express VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 15 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 16 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 17 coli coli NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 18 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 19 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 20 purified purify VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 21 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 22 characterized characterize VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 23 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 24 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 25 effects effect NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 26 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 27 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 29 temperature temperature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 30 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 31 salt salt NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 32 contents content NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 33 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 34 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 35 SH sh NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 36 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 37 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 38 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 39 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 40 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 5 41 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 2 optimal optimal JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 3 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 4 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 5 temperature temperature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 6 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 7 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 8 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 9 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 10 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 11 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 12 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 14 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 15 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 16 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 17 8.6 8.6 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 18 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 19 37 37 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 20 ° ° NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 21 C c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 22 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 23 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 6 24 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 1 Increased increase VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 2 concentration concentration NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 4 ∼100 ∼100 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 5 mM mM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 8 monovalent monovalent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 9 cations cation NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 10 such such JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 11 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 12 Na(+ Na(+ NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 14 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 15 K(+ k(+ RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 17 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 18 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 19 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 21 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 7 22 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 1 Hg(2 Hg(2 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 2 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 4 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 5 Zn(2 Zn(2 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 6 + + NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 8 remarkably remarkably RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 9 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 11 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 12 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 13 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 14 while while IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 15 Mg(2 Mg(2 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 16 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 18 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 8 19 Ca(2 Ca(2 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 1 + + LS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 3 had have VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 4 no no DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 5 virtual virtual JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 6 effect effect NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 9 7 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 1 Several several JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 2 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 3 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 4 such such JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 5 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 6 p p NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 7 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 8 chloromercuribenzoic chloromercuribenzoic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 9 acid acid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 10 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 11 methyl methyl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 12 methanethiosulfonate methanethiosulfonate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 13 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 14 N N NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 15 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 16 ethylmaleimide ethylmaleimide NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 17 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 18 N N NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 19 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 20 phenylmaleimide phenylmaleimide NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 21 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 22 blocked block VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 23 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 24 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 25 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 26 confirming confirm VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 27 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 28 previous previous JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 29 result result NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 30 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 31 cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 32 residue(s residue(s NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 34 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 35 responsible responsible JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 36 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 37 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 38 proteolysis proteolysis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 10 39 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 1 Viral viral JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 2 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 3 play play VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 4 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 5 central central JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 6 role role NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 7 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 9 maturation maturation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 10 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 11 functional functional JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 12 viral viral JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 13 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 14 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 15 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 16 hence hence RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 17 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 19 genome genome NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 20 replication replication NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 21 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 22 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 23 formation formation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 24 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 25 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 26 particles particle NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 28 Dougherty Dougherty NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 29 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 30 Semler Semler NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 31 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 32 1993 1993 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 11 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 2 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 3 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 4 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 5 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 6 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 7 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 8 belonging belong VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 9 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 11 chymotrypsin chymotrypsin VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 12 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 13 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 14 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 15 superfamily superfamily NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 16 are be VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 17 found find VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 18 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 19 several several JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 20 animal animal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 21 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 22 insect insect NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 23 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 24 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 25 plant plant NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 26 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 27 families family NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 28 such such JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 29 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 30 Picornaviridae Picornaviridae NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 31 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 32 Comoviridae Comoviridae NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 33 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 34 Caliciviridae Caliciviridae NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 36 Coronaviridaee Coronaviridaee NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 37 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 38 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 39 Arteriviridae Arteriviridae NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 41 Dougherty Dougherty NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 42 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 43 Semler Semler NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 44 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 45 1993 1993 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 46 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 47 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 48 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 49 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 50 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 51 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 52 1989 1989 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 12 54 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 2 three three CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 4 dimensional dimensional JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 5 structures structure NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 6 have have VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 7 been be VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 8 determined determine VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 9 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 10 X x NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 11 - - NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 12 ray ray JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 13 crystallography crystallography NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 14 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 15 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 17 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 19 Matthews Matthews NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 20 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 21 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 22 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 23 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 24 1994 1994 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 26 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 27 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 28 A a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 29 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 31 Bergmann Bergmann NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 32 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 33 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 34 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 36 1997 1997 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 38 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 39 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 40 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 42 Anand Anand NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 43 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 44 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 45 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 46 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 47 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 48 Yang Yang NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 49 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 50 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 51 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 52 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 53 2003 2003 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 55 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 56 tobacco tobacco NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 57 etch etch NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 58 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 60 Phan Phan NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 61 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 62 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 63 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 64 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 65 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 66 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 67 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 68 equine equine JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 69 arteritis arteritis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 70 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 71 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 72 Barrette Barrette NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 73 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 74 Ng Ng NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 75 et et FW cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 76 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 77 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 78 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 79 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 80 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 13 81 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 1 These these DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 2 studies study NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 3 allowed allow VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 4 us -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 5 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 6 identify identify VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 7 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 8 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 9 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 10 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 11 amino amino NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 12 acid acid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 13 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 14 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 15 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 16 combination combination NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 17 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 18 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 19 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 20 directed direct VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 21 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 22 studies study NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 24 Boniotti Boniotti NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 25 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 26 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 27 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 29 1994 1994 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 30 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 31 Cheah Cheah NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 32 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 33 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 34 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 36 1990 1990 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 37 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 38 Gosert Gosert NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 39 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 40 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 41 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 42 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 43 1997 1997 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 44 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 45 Hammerle Hammerle NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 46 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 47 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 48 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 49 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 50 1991 1991 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 14 52 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 1 Several several JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 2 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 3 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 4 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 5 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 6 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 7 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 8 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 9 purified purify VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 10 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 12 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 13 properties property NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 14 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 15 well well RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 16 characterized characterize VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 15 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 1 Baum Baum NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 2 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 3 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 4 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 5 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 6 1991 1991 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 7 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 8 Chisholm Chisholm NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 9 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 10 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 16 11 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 1 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 2 2001 2001 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 3 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 4 Davis Davis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 5 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 6 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 7 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 8 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 9 1997 1997 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 10 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 11 Ziebuhr Ziebuhr NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 12 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 13 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 14 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 15 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 16 1997 1997 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 17 18 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 2 are be VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 3 characterized characterize VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 4 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 6 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 7 activities activity NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 8 being be VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 9 inhibited inhibit VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 10 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 11 both both DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 12 cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 13 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 14 serine serine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 15 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 16 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 18 17 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 1 As as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 2 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 3 result result NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 5 these these DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 6 studies study NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 8 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 9 drugs drug NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 10 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 11 especially especially RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 12 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 13 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 14 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 15 are be VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 16 being be VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 17 developed develop VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 19 Hammerle Hammerle NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 20 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 21 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 22 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 23 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 24 1991 1991 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 25 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 26 McKinlay McKinlay NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 27 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 28 2001 2001 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 29 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 30 Turner Turner NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 31 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 32 2001 2001 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 19 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 1 Norovirus norovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 3 formerly formerly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 4 Norwalk Norwalk NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 5 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 6 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 7 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 9 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 10 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 11 genus genus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 14 family family NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 15 Caliciviridae Caliciviridae NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 16 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 17 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 18 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 19 major major JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 20 causative causative JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 21 agent agent NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 22 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 23 nonbacterial nonbacterial JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 24 acute acute JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 25 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 26 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 20 27 humans human NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 2 Clarke Clarke NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 3 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 4 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 5 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 7 1998 1998 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 21 8 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 1 Estes Estes NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 2 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 3 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 4 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 5 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 6 1997 1997 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 22 8 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 1 Norovirus norovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 2 can can MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 3 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 4 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 5 propagated propagate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 6 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 7 cell cell NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 8 cultures culture NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 9 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 10 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 11 animal animal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 12 models model NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 13 have have VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 14 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 15 been be VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 16 developed develop VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 17 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 18 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 19 hampers hamper VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 21 progress progress NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 22 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 23 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 24 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 25 molecular molecular JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 26 biological biological JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 27 studies study NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 28 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 29 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 23 30 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 2 cloned clone VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 3 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 4 sequenced sequence VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 6 whole whole JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 7 genome genome NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 9 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 10 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 11 strain strain NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 13 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 15 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 16 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 18 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 19 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 21 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 22 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 23 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 24 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 25 has have VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 26 been be VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 27 heterologously heterologously RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 28 expressed express VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 29 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 30 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 31 coli coli NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 32 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 33 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 34 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 35 form form NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 37 Someya Someya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 38 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 39 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 40 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 41 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 42 2000 2000 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 24 44 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 4 identified identify VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 6 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 7 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 8 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 9 amino amino NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 10 acid acid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 11 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 12 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 13 concluded conclude VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 14 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 15 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 16 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 17 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 18 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 19 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 20 had have VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 21 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 22 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 23 dyad dyad NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 24 consisting consist VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 25 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 26 His30 His30 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 27 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 28 Cys139 cys139 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 30 Someya Someya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 31 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 32 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 33 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 34 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 35 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 25 37 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 1 This this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 2 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 3 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 4 unique unique JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 5 feature feature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 6 since since IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 7 most most JJS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 10 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 11 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 12 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 13 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 14 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 15 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 16 have have VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 17 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 18 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 19 triad triad NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 20 consisting consist VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 21 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 22 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 23 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 24 Asp Asp NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 25 / / SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 26 Glu Glu NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 27 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 28 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 29 Cys Cys NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 30 / / SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 31 Ser Ser NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 32 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 33 similar similar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 34 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 35 chymotrypsin chymotrypsin NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 37 Dougherty Dougherty NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 38 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 39 Semler Semler NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 40 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 41 1993 1993 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 26 42 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 27 1 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 27 2 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 27 3 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 27 4 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 1 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 2 1989 1989 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 3 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 4 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 6 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 7 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 9 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 10 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 11 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 12 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 13 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 14 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 15 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 16 composed compose VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 17 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 18 two two CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 19 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 20 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 21 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 22 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 23 Cys Cys NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 25 Anand Anand NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 26 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 27 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 28 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 29 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 30 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 28 32 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 1 To to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 2 obtain obtain VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 3 information information NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 4 regarding regard VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 6 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 7 properties property NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 9 norovirus norovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 10 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 11 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 12 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 13 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 14 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 15 we -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 16 purified purify VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 17 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 18 bacterially bacterially RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 19 expressed express VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 20 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 21 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 22 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 23 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 24 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 25 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 26 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 27 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 28 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 29 characterized characterize VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 30 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 31 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 32 effects effect NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 33 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 34 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 36 temperature temperature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 37 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 38 salt salt NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 39 contents content NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 40 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 41 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 42 SH sh NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 43 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 44 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 45 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 46 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 29 47 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 2 DNA dna NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 3 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 4 encoding encode VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 5 all all DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 6 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 8 Ala1 Ala1 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 9 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 10 Glu181 Glu181 , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 14 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 15 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 16 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 17 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 18 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 19 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 20 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 21 amplified amplify VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 22 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 23 PCR PCR NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 24 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 25 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 26 that that DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 27 NdeI NdeI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 28 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 29 Aor51HI Aor51HI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 30 restriction restriction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 31 sites site NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 32 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 33 introduced introduce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 34 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 35 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 36 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 37 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 38 3 3 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 39 ends end NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 40 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 41 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 30 42 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 2 NdeI NdeI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 4 Aor51HI Aor51HI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 5 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 6 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 7 placed place VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 8 downstream downstream RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 9 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 11 T7 T7 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 12 promoter promoter NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 13 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 14 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 15 linker linker NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 16 encoding encode VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 17 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 18 sequence sequence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 19 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 20 six six CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 21 consecutive consecutive JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 22 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 23 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 31 24 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 2 resultant resultant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 3 plasmid plasmid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 4 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 5 pT7ProHis pT7ProHis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 7 encodes encode VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 8 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 9 3Clike 3clike JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 10 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 11 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 12 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 13 Met Met NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 14 residue residue NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 15 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 16 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 17 N N NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 18 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 19 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 20 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 21 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 22 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 23 SAGHHHHHHG SAGHHHHHHG NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 24 sequence sequence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 25 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 26 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 27 C c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 28 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 29 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 32 30 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 33 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 33 2 NdeI NdeI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 33 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 33 4 SphI SphI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 33 5 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 33 6 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 34 1 pUCHis3CD pUCHis3CD NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 34 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 34 3 Someya Someya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 34 4 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 34 5 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 34 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 1 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 2 2000 2000 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 4 encoding encode VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 6 3CD 3cd CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 7 region region NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 8 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 9 placed place VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 10 downstream downstream RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 13 T7 T7 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 14 promoter promoter NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 15 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 16 construct construct VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 17 pT7His3CD pt7his3cd NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 35 18 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 1 Next next RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 4 C139A C139A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 5 mutation mutation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 6 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 7 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 8 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 9 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 10 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 11 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 12 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 13 introduced introduce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 14 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 15 designated designate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 16 pT7His3CD pt7his3cd NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 17 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 36 18 C139A. C139A. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 2 DNA dna NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 3 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 4 encoding encode VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 5 glutathione glutathione NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 6 S s NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 7 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 8 transferase transferase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 10 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 12 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 13 amplified amplify VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 14 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 15 PCR PCR NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 17 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 18 that that DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 19 ApaI ApaI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 20 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 21 SphI SphI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 22 restriction restriction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 23 sites site NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 24 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 25 introduced introduce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 26 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 27 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 28 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 29 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 30 3 3 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 31 ends end NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 32 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 33 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 37 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 2 ApaI ApaI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 4 SphI SphI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 5 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 6 encoding encode VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 7 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 8 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 9 ligated ligate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 10 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 11 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 12 ApaI ApaI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 13 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 14 SphI SphI NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 15 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 16 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 17 pT7His3CD pt7his3cd NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 18 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 38 19 C139A. C139A. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 2 resultant resultant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 3 plasmid plasmid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 4 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 5 designated designate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 6 pT7His3Cd pT7His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 7 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 8 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 39 9 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 1 This this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 2 plasmid plasmid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 3 encodes encode VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 4 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 5 N N NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 6 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 7 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 8 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 9 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 10 tag tag NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 11 sequence sequence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 13 MGGHHHHHHGASA MGGHHHHHHGASA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 15 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 16 followed follow VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 17 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 19 whole whole JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 20 sequence sequence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 21 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 22 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 23 C139A C139A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 24 mutant mutant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 25 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 26 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 27 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 28 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 29 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 30 Gly1 Gly1 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 31 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 32 Pro19 Pro19 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 33 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 34 3D 3D NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 35 RNA RNA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 36 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 37 dependent dependent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 38 RNA RNA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 39 polymerase polymerase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 40 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 41 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 42 then then RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 43 followed follow VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 44 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 45 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 40 46 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 41 1 E. E. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 41 2 coli coli NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 1 BL21-CodonPlus bl21-codonplus JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 3 DE3)-RIL de3)-ril NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 4 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 6 Stratagene Stratagene NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 8 La La NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 9 Jolla Jolla NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 10 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 11 CA CA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 13 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 14 transformed transform VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 15 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 16 pT7ProHis pt7prohis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 17 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 18 pT7His3Cd pt7his3cd NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 19 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 20 GST gst NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 42 21 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 43 1 Cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 43 2 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 43 3 grown grow VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 43 4 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 43 5 medium medium JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 43 6 A a NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 2 McMurry McMurry NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 3 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 4 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 5 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 7 1980 1980 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 9 supplemented supplement VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 10 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 11 0.2 0.2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 12 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 13 glucose glucose NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 14 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 15 0.1 0.1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 16 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 17 casamino casamino NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 18 acids acid NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 19 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 20 37 37 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 21 • • NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 44 22 C. c. NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 1 When when WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 3 absorbance absorbance NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 4 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 5 530 530 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 6 nm nm NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 7 reached reach VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 8 0.5 0.5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 9 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 10 IPTG IPTG NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 11 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 12 added add VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 13 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 14 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 15 final final JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 16 concentration concentration NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 17 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 18 1 1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 19 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 20 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 21 induction induction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 22 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 23 gene gene NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 24 expression expression NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 45 25 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 1 After after IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 2 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 3 h h NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 4 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 5 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 6 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 7 harvested harvest VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 8 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 9 then then RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 10 washed wash VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 11 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 12 resuspended resuspend VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 13 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 14 20 20 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 15 mM mM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 16 Tris Tris NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 17 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 18 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 20 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 21 8.0 8.0 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 23 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 24 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 25 0.1 0.1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 26 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 27 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 46 28 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 47 1 Cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 47 2 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 47 3 disrupted disrupt VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 47 4 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 47 5 sonication sonication NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 47 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 1 After after IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 3 removal removal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 5 cell cell NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 6 debris debris NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 9 supernatant supernatant NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 10 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 11 subjected subject VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 12 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 13 ultracentrifugation ultracentrifugation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 15 150,000 150,000 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 16 × × NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 17 g g NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 18 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 19 1 1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 20 h h NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 48 22 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 2 resultant resultant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 3 supernatant supernatant NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 4 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 5 mixed mix VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 6 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 7 TALON TALON NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 8 Metal Metal NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 9 Affinity Affinity NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 10 Resin Resin NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 12 CLONTECH CLONTECH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 13 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 14 Palo Palo NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 15 Alto Alto NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 17 CA CA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 19 equilibrated equilibrate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 20 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 21 20 20 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 22 mM mM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 23 Tris Tris NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 24 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 25 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 27 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 28 8.0 8.0 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 30 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 31 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 32 0.1 0.1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 33 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 34 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 49 35 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 2 resin resin NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 3 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 4 washed wash VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 5 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 6 20 20 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 7 mM mM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 8 Tris Tris NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 9 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 10 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 12 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 13 8.0 8.0 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 15 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 16 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 17 0.1 0.1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 18 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 19 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 20 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 21 0.1 0.1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 22 M m CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 23 imidazole imidazole NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 24 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 25 removal removal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 26 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 27 non non NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 28 - - JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 29 specifically specifically RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 30 bound bind VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 31 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 50 32 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 2 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 3 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 4 interest interest NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 5 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 6 eluted elute VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 7 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 8 20 20 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 9 mM mM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 10 Tris Tris NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 11 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 12 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 14 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 15 8.0 8.0 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 17 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 18 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 19 0.1 0.1 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 20 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 21 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 22 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 23 0.5 0.5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 24 M m NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 25 imidazole imidazole NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 26 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 27 concentrated concentrate VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 28 using use VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 29 Ultrafree-15 Ultrafree-15 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 30 unit unit NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 31 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 32 Biomax-10 Biomax-10 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 33 membrane membrane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 35 MILLIPORE MILLIPORE NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 36 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 37 Bedford Bedford NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 38 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 39 MA MA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 51 41 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 1 Proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 2 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 3 determined determine VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 4 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 6 method method NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 8 Bradford Bradford NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 10 Bradford Bradford NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 11 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 12 1976 1976 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 52 14 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 1 Usually usually RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 3 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 4 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 5 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 6 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 7 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 8 M m NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 9 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 10 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 11 reacted react VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 12 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 13 20 20 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 14 l l NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 15 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 16 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 17 mixture mixture NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 18 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 19 50 50 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 20 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 21 bis bis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 22 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 23 trispropane trispropane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 24 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 25 HCl hcl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 26 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 28 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 29 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 53 31 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 1 16 16 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 2 h. h. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 3 Details detail NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 5 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 6 mixtures mixture NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 7 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 8 described describe VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 9 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 11 respective respective JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 12 sections section NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 54 13 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 2 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 3 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 4 stopped stop VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 5 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 7 addition addition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 9 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 10 equal equal JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 11 volume volume NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 13 2× 2× CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 14 sample sample NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 15 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 17 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 19 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 20 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 21 then then RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 22 analyzed analyze VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 23 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 24 SDS sds NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 25 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 26 polyacrylamide polyacrylamide NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 28 13 13 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 29 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 31 gel gel NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 32 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 55 33 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 1 Gels gel NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 2 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 3 stained stain VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 4 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 5 Coomassie Coomassie NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 6 Brilliant Brilliant NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 7 Blue Blue NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 8 R-250 r-250 NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 56 9 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 2 order order NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 3 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 4 estimate estimate VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 6 efficiency efficiency NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 9 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 10 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 11 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 12 density density NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 13 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 14 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 15 respective respective JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 16 stained stained JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 17 bands band NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 18 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 19 scanned scan VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 20 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 21 calculated calculate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 22 using use VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 23 NIH NIH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 24 Image Image NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 25 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 26 Macintosh Macintosh NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 27 version version NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 28 1.62 1.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 57 29 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 2 viral viral JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 3 non non JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 4 - - JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 5 structural structural JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 6 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 7 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 9 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 10 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 11 sites site NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 12 within within IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 14 ORF1 ORF1 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 15 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 16 are be VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 17 depicted depict VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 18 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 20 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 21 1A 1a NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 58 22 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 2 order order NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 3 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 4 purify purify VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 6 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 7 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 8 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 9 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 10 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 11 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 12 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 14 constructed construct VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 15 pT7ProHis pt7prohis VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 16 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 17 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 18 gene gene NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 19 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 20 encoding encode VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 21 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 22 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 23 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 24 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 25 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 26 tag tag NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 27 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 28 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 29 C c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 30 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 31 terminus terminus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 33 Fig fig NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 35 1B 1b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 59 37 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 2 ProHis ProHis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 3 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 5 calculated calculate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 6 molecular molecular JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 7 mass mass NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 9 20.6 20.6 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 10 kDa kDa NNPS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 12 expressed express VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 13 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 14 pT7ProHis pT7ProHis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 15 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 16 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 17 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 18 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 19 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 20 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 21 this this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 22 study study NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 60 23 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 2 order order NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 3 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 4 observe observe VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 5 proteolysis proteolysis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 6 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 7 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 8 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 9 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 10 between between IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 11 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 12 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 13 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 14 3D 3D NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 15 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 16 we -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 17 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 18 first first RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 19 used use VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 21 His-3CD His-3CD NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 22 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 23 C139A C139A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 24 mutant mutant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 25 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 26 expressed express VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 27 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 28 pT7His3CD pt7his3cd NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 29 - - . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 30 C139A C139A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 31 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 32 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 33 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 34 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 35 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 36 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 37 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 38 N n CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 39 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 40 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 41 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 42 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 43 tagged tagged NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 44 3CD 3CD NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 45 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 46 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 47 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 48 Ala Ala NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 49 mutation mutation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 50 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 51 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 52 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 53 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 54 Cys139 cys139 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 55 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 56 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 57 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 58 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 59 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 60 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 61 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 62 Fig fig NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 63 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 64 1B 1b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 65 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 61 66 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 1 However however RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 3 this this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 4 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 5 tended tend VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 6 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 7 aggregate aggregate VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 8 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 9 higher high JJR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 10 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 11 after after IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 12 prolonged prolong VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 13 incubation incubation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 62 14 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 1 Other other JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 2 parts part NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 3 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 4 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 5 native native JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 6 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 7 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 8 ORF1 ORF1 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 9 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 10 could could MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 11 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 12 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 13 effectively effectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 14 produced produce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 15 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 16 E. E. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 17 coli coli NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 18 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 63 19 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 4 His3Cd His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 5 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 6 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 7 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 9 calculated calculate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 10 molecular molecular JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 11 mass mass NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 13 48.0 48.0 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 14 kDa kDa NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 16 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 17 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 18 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 19 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 20 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 21 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 22 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 23 retains retain VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 24 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 25 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 26 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 27 between between IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 28 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 29 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 30 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 64 31 3D. 3D. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 2 region region NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 3 covering cover VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 4 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 5 entire entire JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 6 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 7 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 9 N N NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 10 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 11 terminal terminal JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 12 19 19 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 13 amino amino JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 14 acids acid NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 15 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 16 3D 3D NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 17 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 18 placed place VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 19 under under IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 21 control control NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 22 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 23 T7 T7 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 24 promoter promoter NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 25 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 26 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 27 N n CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 28 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 29 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 30 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 31 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 32 tag tag NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 33 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 34 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 35 C c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 36 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 37 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 38 glutathione glutathione NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 39 S s NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 40 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 41 transferase transferase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 43 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 45 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 46 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 47 resultant resultant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 48 plasmid plasmid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 49 being be VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 50 designated designate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 51 pT7His3Cd pT7His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 52 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 53 GST gst NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 55 Fig fig NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 56 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 57 1B 1b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 65 59 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 1 Although although IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 2 this this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 3 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 4 itself -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 5 has have VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 7 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 8 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 9 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 10 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 11 moiety moiety NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 12 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 14 never never RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 15 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 16 autocatalytic autocatalytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 17 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 18 because because IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 19 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 20 C139A C139A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 21 mutation mutation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 22 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 23 introduced introduce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 66 24 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 1 If if IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 2 His3Cd His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 4 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 5 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 6 cleaved cleave VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 7 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 9 3C/3D 3c/3d CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 10 junction junction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 12 LE LE NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 13 / / SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 14 GG GG NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 16 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 17 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 18 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 19 ProHis ProHis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 20 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 21 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 22 His3C his3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 23 - - . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 24 C139A C139A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 25 moiety moiety NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 26 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 27 20.7 20.7 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 28 kDa kDa NNPS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 29 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 30 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 31 3D 3D NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 32 -GST -GST -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 33 moiety moiety NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 34 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 35 27.3 27.3 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 36 kDa kDa NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 37 are be VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 38 produced produce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 67 39 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 1 Enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 2 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 3 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 4 initiated initiate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 5 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 6 mixing mix VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 9 ProHis prohis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 11 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 12 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 14 His3Cd His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 15 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 16 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 68 18 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 2 could could MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 3 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 4 obtain obtain VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 5 clear clear JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 6 results result NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 7 when when WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 9 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 10 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 11 performed perform VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 12 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 13 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 14 short short JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 15 period period NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 17 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 18 - - SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 19 4 4 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 20 h h NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 23 data datum NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 24 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 25 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 69 27 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 1 However however RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 3 even even RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 4 if if IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 5 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 6 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 7 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 8 mixed mix VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 9 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 10 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 11 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 12 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 13 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 14 long long JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 15 period period NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 17 more more JJR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 18 than than IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 19 24 24 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 20 h h NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 22 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 23 complete complete JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 24 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 25 could could MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 26 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 27 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 28 achieved achieve VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 70 29 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 1 One one CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 2 possibility possibility NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 3 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 4 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 5 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 6 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 7 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 8 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 10 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 11 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 14 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 16 His3Cd His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 17 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 18 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 20 could could MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 21 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 22 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 23 accessible accessible JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 24 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 25 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 26 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 27 because because IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 28 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 29 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 30 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 31 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 32 properly properly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 33 folded fold VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 71 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 3 part part NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 6 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 7 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 8 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 10 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 11 might may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 12 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 13 masked mask VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 14 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 16 own own JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 17 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 18 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 19 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 21 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 22 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 23 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 24 other other JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 25 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 26 molecule molecule NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 27 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 28 so so IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 29 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 30 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 31 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 32 might may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 33 have have VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 34 competed compete VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 35 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 36 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 37 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 38 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 39 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 40 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 41 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 72 42 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 1 Very very RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 2 recently recently RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 3 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 4 Belliot Belliot NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 5 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 6 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 73 7 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 2 2003 2003 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 4 reported report VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 5 trans trans JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 6 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 7 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 10 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 11 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 12 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 13 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 14 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 15 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 16 genogroup genogroup NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 17 II II NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 18 MD145 MD145 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 19 Norovirus norovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 21 Belliot Belliot NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 22 et et FW cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 23 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 24 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 25 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 26 2003 2003 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 74 28 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 2 used use VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 3 bacterially bacterially RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 4 expressed express VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 5 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 6 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 7 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 8 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 9 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 11 C c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 12 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 13 terminus terminus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 14 His -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 15 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 16 tagged tagged NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 17 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 18 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 19 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 20 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 21 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 22 entire entire JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 23 ORF1 ORF1 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 24 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 25 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 26 3CD 3cd CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 27 fragment fragment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 28 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 29 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 30 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 31 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 32 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 33 Cys Cys NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 34 mutation mutation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 35 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 36 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 37 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 38 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 39 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 40 expressed express VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 41 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 42 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 43 in in FW cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 44 vitro vitro FW cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 45 transcription transcription NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 46 / / SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 47 translation translation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 48 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 75 49 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 1 Cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 2 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 3 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 4 performed perform VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 5 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 7 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 8 7.4 7.4 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 9 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 10 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 11 30 30 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 12 • • NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 13 C. C. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 14 Data Data NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 15 showed show VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 16 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 17 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 18 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 19 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 20 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 21 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 22 cleaved cleave VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 23 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 24 only only RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 25 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 26 3C/3D 3c/3d CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 27 junction junction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 28 but but CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 29 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 30 other other JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 31 proposed propose VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 32 junctions junction NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 33 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 76 34 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 1 that that DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 2 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 3 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 4 appeared appear VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 5 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 6 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 7 cleaved cleave VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 8 completely completely RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 9 after after IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 10 24-h 24-h JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 11 incubation incubation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 77 12 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 1 However however RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 3 consistent consistent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 4 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 5 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 6 experiment experiment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 8 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 9 long long JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 10 time time NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 11 incubation incubation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 12 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 13 required require VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 14 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 15 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 16 result result NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 17 being be VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 18 obvious obvious JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 78 19 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 1 Five five CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 2 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 3 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 4 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 5 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 6 M m NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 7 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 8 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 9 mixed mix VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 10 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 11 50 50 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 12 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 13 bis bis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 14 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 15 tris tris JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 16 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 17 propane propane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 18 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 19 HCl hcl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 20 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 21 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 22 various various JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 23 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 24 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 25 25 25 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 26 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 27 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 29 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 30 reacted react VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 31 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 32 37 37 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 33 • • NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 34 C C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 35 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 36 16 16 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 37 h. h. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 38 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 79 39 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 1 2 2 LS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 2 shows show VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 3 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 4 maximum maximum JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 6 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 7 obtained obtain VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 8 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 9 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 10 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 80 11 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 1 although although IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 3 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 4 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 5 occurred occur VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 6 over over IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 7 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 8 wide wide JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 9 range range NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 10 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 11 pH. ph. NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 12 Faint Faint NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 13 bands band NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 14 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 15 80 80 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 16 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 17 60 60 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 18 kDa kDa NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 19 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 20 thought think VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 21 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 22 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 23 dimers dimer NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 24 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 25 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 26 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 27 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 28 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 29 cleaved cleaved JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 30 product product NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 32 3D 3D NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 33 -GST -GST -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 36 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 81 37 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 1 When when WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 3 efficiency efficiency NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 6 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 7 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 8 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 9 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 10 100 100 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 11 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 12 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 13 those those DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 14 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 15 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 16 7.22 7.22 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 17 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 18 7.66 7.66 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 19 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 20 8.12 8.12 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 21 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 22 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 23 9.08 9.08 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 24 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 25 estimated estimate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 26 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 27 70 70 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 29 86 86 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 30 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 31 89 89 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 32 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 33 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 34 79 79 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 35 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 36 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 37 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 82 38 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 1 A a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 2 slope slope NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 3 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 4 relative relative JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 5 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 6 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 7 gentle gentle JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 8 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 9 acidic acidic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 10 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 11 below below IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 12 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 13 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 14 while while IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 16 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 17 sharp sharp JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 18 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 19 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 20 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 21 above above IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 22 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 83 23 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 3 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 4 experiments experiment NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 5 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 6 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 7 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 9 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 10 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 11 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 12 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 84 13 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 1 Five five CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 2 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 3 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 4 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 5 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 6 M m NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 7 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 8 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 9 mixed mix VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 10 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 11 50 50 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 12 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 13 bis bis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 14 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 15 tris tris JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 16 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 17 propane propane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 18 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 19 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 21 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 22 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 24 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 25 25 25 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 26 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 27 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 29 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 30 reacted react VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 31 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 32 16 16 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 33 h h NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 34 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 35 4 4 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 36 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 37 15 15 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 38 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 39 26 26 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 40 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 41 37 37 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 42 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 43 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 44 48 48 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 45 • • NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 85 46 C. c. NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 86 1 As as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 86 2 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 86 3 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 86 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 86 5 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 1 3 3 LS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 3 optimal optimal JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 4 temperature temperature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 5 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 7 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 8 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 9 37 37 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 87 10 • • NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 88 1 C. C. NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 2 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 3 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 4 4 4 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 5 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 6 15 15 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 8 26 26 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 9 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 10 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 11 48 48 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 12 • • NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 13 C C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 14 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 15 estimated estimate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 16 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 17 23 23 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 18 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 19 31 31 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 20 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 21 55 55 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 22 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 23 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 24 80 80 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 25 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 26 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 27 that that DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 28 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 29 37 37 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 30 • • NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 31 C c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 32 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 33 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 89 35 _SP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 2 next next RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 3 examined examine VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 4 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 5 effects effect NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 6 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 7 monovalent monovalent NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 8 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 9 divalent divalent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 10 cations cation NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 11 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 13 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 14 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 90 15 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 2 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 3 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 4 compared compare VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 5 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 6 that that DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 7 under under IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 9 condition condition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 10 where where WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 11 50 50 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 12 mM mm NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 13 bis bis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 14 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 15 tris tris JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 16 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 17 propane propane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 18 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 19 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 21 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 22 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 24 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 25 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 26 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 27 EDTA EDTA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 91 29 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 92 1 3 3 LS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 92 2 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 1 Effects effect NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 2 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 3 temperature temperature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 4 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 5 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 6 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 93 7 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 1 Five five CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 2 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 3 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 5 ProHis ProHis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 7 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 8 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 9 M m NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 10 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 12 His3Cd His3Cd NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 13 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 14 GST GST NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 16 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 17 reacted react VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 18 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 19 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 20 50 50 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 21 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 22 bis bis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 23 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 24 tris tris JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 25 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 26 propane propane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 27 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 28 HCl HCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 30 pH pH NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 31 8.62 8.62 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 33 buffer buffer NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 34 containing contain VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 35 25 25 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 36 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 37 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 38 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 39 16 16 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 40 h h NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 41 at at IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 42 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 43 indicated indicate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 44 temperature temperature NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 94 45 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 95 1 without without IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 95 2 any any DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 95 3 cations cation NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 95 4 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 95 5 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 95 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 2 addition addition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 3 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 4 25 25 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 5 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 6 50 50 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 8 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 9 100 100 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 10 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 11 NaCl nacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 12 decreased decrease VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 14 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 15 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 16 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 17 83 83 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 18 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 19 52 52 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 20 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 21 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 22 36 36 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 23 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 24 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 25 respectively respectively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 28 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 29 4A 4a CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 96 31 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 1 KCl KCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 2 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 3 had have VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 4 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 5 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 6 effect effect NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 7 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 9 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 11 data datum NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 12 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 13 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 97 15 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 1 As as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 2 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 4 divalent divalent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 5 cations cation NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 7 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 8 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 9 MgCl MgCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 10 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 11 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 12 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 13 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 14 CaCl cacl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 15 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 16 did do VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 17 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 18 affect affect VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 19 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 20 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 22 108 108 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 23 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 24 105 105 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 25 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 98 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 99 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 99 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 99 3 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 99 4 4B 4b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 99 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 99 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 2 contrast contrast NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 3 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 4 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 5 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 6 ZnCl ZnCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 7 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 8 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 9 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 10 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 11 HgCl HgCl NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 12 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 13 completely completely RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 14 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 15 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 16 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 18 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 19 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 20 4B 4b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 100 22 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 1 This this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 2 result result NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 3 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 4 consistent consistent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 5 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 6 Cys Cys NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 7 being be VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 8 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 9 critical critical JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 10 residue residue NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 13 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 101 14 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 2 Someya Someya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 3 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 4 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 5 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 7 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 9 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 10 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 11 inhibition inhibition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 12 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 13 Zn Zn NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 102 14 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 1 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 2 indicated indicate VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 3 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 4 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 5 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 6 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 7 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 8 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 9 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 10 different different JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 11 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 12 metalloprotease metalloprotease NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 103 13 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 1 When when WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 2 Hg Hg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 3 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 4 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 5 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 6 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 8 two two CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 9 faint faint JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 10 bands band NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 12 30 30 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 13 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 14 15 15 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 15 kDa kDa NNPS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 16 slightly slightly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 17 appeared appear VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 19 lane lane NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 20 HgCl HgCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 21 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 22 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 23 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 24 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 25 4B 4b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 104 27 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 2 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 3 possible possible JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 4 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 5 high high JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 6 concentrations concentration NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 8 Hg Hg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 9 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 10 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 11 allowed allow VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 14 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 15 alternatively alternatively RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 16 cleave cleave VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 17 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 18 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 19 and/or and/or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 21 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 22 itself -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 105 23 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 1 With with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 3 addition addition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 5 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 6 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 7 MnCl MnCl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 8 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 9 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 10 part part NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 13 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 14 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 15 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 16 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 17 appeared appear VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 18 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 19 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 20 aggregated aggregate VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 21 since since IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 22 Coomassiestained Coomassiestained NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 23 materials material NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 24 stayed stay VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 25 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 26 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 27 well well NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 29 Fig fig NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 30 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 31 4B 4b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 106 33 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 1 Because because IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 2 Mn Mn NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 3 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 4 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 5 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 7 proteins protein NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 8 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 10 part part NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 11 may may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 12 have have VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 13 remained remain VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 14 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 15 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 16 well well NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 17 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 19 other other JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 20 part part NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 21 may may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 22 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 23 flown fly VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 24 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 25 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 26 gel gel NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 27 after after IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 28 degradation degradation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 29 into into IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 30 small small JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 31 molecular molecular JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 32 weight weight NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 33 peptides peptide NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 107 34 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 1 Most Most JJS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 2 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 4 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 5 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 6 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 7 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 8 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 9 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 10 have have VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 11 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 12 cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 13 residue residue NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 14 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 15 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 16 nucleophile nucleophile NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 17 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 19 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 20 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 22 Dougherty Dougherty NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 23 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 24 Semler Semler NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 25 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 26 1993 1993 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 27 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 28 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 29 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 30 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 31 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 32 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 33 1989 1989 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 108 35 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 1 These these DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 2 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 3 should should MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 4 therefore therefore RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 5 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 6 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 7 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 8 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 9 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 109 10 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 2 fact fact NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 3 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 4 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 5 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 6 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 7 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 8 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 9 4B 4b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 10 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 11 high high JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 12 concentrations concentration NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 14 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 15 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 17 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 18 Hg Hg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 110 19 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 111 1 + + UH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 111 2 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 111 3 Zn Zn NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 111 4 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 1 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 2 blocked block VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 4 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 5 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 7 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 8 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 9 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 10 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 112 11 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 113 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 113 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 113 3 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 1 5 5 LS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 4 effects effect NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 5 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 6 several several JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 7 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 8 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 9 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 10 tested test VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 114 11 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 1 Five five CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 2 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 3 substrate substrate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 4 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 5 reacted react VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 6 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 7 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 8 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 10 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 11 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 12 presence presence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 13 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 14 10 10 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 15 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 16 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 17 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 115 18 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 116 1 Ten ten CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 116 2 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 1 Hg Hg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 2 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 3 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 4 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 5 Zn Zn NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 6 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 117 7 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 118 1 almost almost RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 118 2 completely completely RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 118 3 in- in- JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 119 1 hibited hibite VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 119 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 119 3 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 119 4 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 1 p p LS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 2 - - : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 3 Chloromercuribenzoate Chloromercuribenzoate NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 5 PCMB PCMB NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 7 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 8 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 9 includes include VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 10 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 11 Hg(II Hg(II NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 13 within within IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 14 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 15 molecule molecule NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 17 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 18 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 19 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 20 good good JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 21 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 22 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 23 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 24 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 25 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 26 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 27 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 29 82 82 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 30 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 31 inhibition inhibition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 120 33 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 2 contrast contrast NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 3 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 4 p p NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 5 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 6 chloromercuribenzenesulfonate chloromercuribenzenesulfonate JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 8 PCMBS PCMBS NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 10 slightly slightly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 11 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 13 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 15 27 27 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 16 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 17 inhibition inhibition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 19 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 20 despite despite IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 21 PCMBS PCMBS NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 22 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 23 having have VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 24 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 25 Hg(II Hg(II NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 27 similarly similarly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 28 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 29 PCMB PCMB NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 121 30 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 1 Methyl methyl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 2 methanethiosulfonate methanethiosulfonate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 4 MMTS MMTS NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 7 N N NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 8 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 9 ethylmaleimide ethylmaleimide NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 11 NEM NEM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 13 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 14 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 15 N n CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 16 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 17 phenylmaleimide phenylmaleimide NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 19 NPM NPM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 21 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 22 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 23 form form VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 24 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 25 covalent covalent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 26 bond bond NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 27 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 28 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 29 sulfur sulfur NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 30 atom atom NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 31 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 32 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 33 cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 34 residue residue NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 36 almost almost RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 37 completely completely RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 38 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 39 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 40 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 122 41 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 2 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 3 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 4 NEM NEM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 5 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 6 NPM NPM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 7 slightly slightly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 8 altered alter VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 10 mobility mobility NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 14 molecules molecule NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 15 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 16 possibly possibly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 17 because because IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 18 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 19 bulkier bulky JJR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 20 modified modify VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 21 side side NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 22 chain chain NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 23 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 24 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 25 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 26 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 27 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 28 cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 29 residue residue NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 30 affected affect VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 31 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 32 structure structure NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 33 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 34 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 35 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 36 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 37 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 38 because because IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 39 more more JJR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 40 than than IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 41 one one CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 42 molecule molecule NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 43 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 44 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 45 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 46 attached attach VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 47 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 48 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 49 enzyme enzyme NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 123 50 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 1 Neither neither CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 2 10 10 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 3 M M NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 4 iodoacetate iodoacetate NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 6 IAA IAA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 8 nor nor CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 9 iodoacetamide iodoacetamide JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 11 IAM IAM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 13 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 14 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 15 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 124 16 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 1 These these DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 2 two two CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 3 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 4 may may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 5 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 6 less less RBR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 8 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 9 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 10 SH sh NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 11 group group NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 12 than than IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 13 other other JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 14 modifying modify VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 15 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 125 16 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 1 Phenyl Phenyl NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 2 methylsulfonylfluoride methylsulfonylfluoride NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 4 PMSF PMSF NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 6 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 7 well well RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 8 known know VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 9 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 10 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 11 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 12 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 13 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 14 serine serine JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 15 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 126 16 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 1 Because because IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 2 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 3 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 4 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 5 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 6 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 7 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 8 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 9 have have VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 10 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 11 structural structural JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 12 architecture architecture NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 13 similar similar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 14 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 15 chymotrypsin chymotrypsin NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 17 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 18 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 19 essentially essentially RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 21 same same JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 22 proteolysis proteolysis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 23 mechanism mechanism NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 25 Dougherty Dougherty NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 26 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 27 Semler Semler NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 29 1993 1993 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 30 ; ; : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 31 Gorbalenya Gorbalenya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 32 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 33 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 34 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 36 1989 1989 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 38 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 39 PMSF PMSF NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 40 may may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 41 inhibit inhibit VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 42 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 43 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 44 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 45 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 46 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 47 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 48 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 49 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 50 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 51 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 127 52 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 1 Ten ten CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 2 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 3 PMSF PMSF NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 4 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 5 less less RBR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 6 effective effective JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 7 but but CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 8 significantly significantly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 9 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 11 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 12 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 13 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 14 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 15 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 16 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 17 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 18 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 19 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 21 20 20 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 22 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 23 inhibition inhibition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 128 25 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 2 effect effect NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 3 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 4 ␤ ␤ NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 5 -mercaptoethanol -mercaptoethanol NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 7 ␤ ␤ DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 8 -ME -ME NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 10 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 11 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 12 examined examine VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 13 here here RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 129 14 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 2 residual residual JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 3 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 4 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 6 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 7 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 8 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 9 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 10 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 11 approximately approximately RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 12 80 80 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 13 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 14 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 15 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 16 control control NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 17 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 19 presence presence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 20 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 21 10 10 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 22 M m NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 130 23 ␤ ␤ . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 131 1 -ME -ME NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 132 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 132 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 132 3 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 132 4 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 132 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 132 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 1 Even even RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 2 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 3 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 4 presence presence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 5 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 6 much much RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 7 higher high JJR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 8 concentrations concentration NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 10 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 11 mM mm CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 13 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 14 ␤ ␤ IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 15 -ME -ME NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 16 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 17 approximately approximately RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 18 60 60 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 19 % % NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 20 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 21 remained remain VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 23 data datum NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 24 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 25 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 133 27 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 1 These these DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 2 results result NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 4 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 5 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 6 disulfide disulfide JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 7 bond bond NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 8 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 9 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 10 essential essential JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 11 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 12 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 13 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 134 14 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 1 However however RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 2 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 4 can can MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 5 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 6 exclude exclude VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 7 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 8 possibility possibility NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 9 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 10 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 11 disulfide disulfide JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 12 bond bond NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 13 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 14 buried bury VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 15 inside inside IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 16 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 17 folded fold VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 18 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 19 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 20 can can MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 21 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 22 be be VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 23 reduced reduce VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 24 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 25 high high JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 26 concentrations concentration NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 27 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 28 ␤ ␤ CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 29 -ME -me NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 135 30 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 2 optimal optimal JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 3 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 4 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 6 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 7 reaction reaction NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 8 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 9 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 10 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 11 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 12 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 13 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 14 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 15 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 16 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 17 around around RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 18 8.6 8.6 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 19 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 20 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 21 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 22 much much RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 23 more more RBR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 24 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 25 than than IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 26 physiological physiological JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 136 27 pH ph NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 137 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 137 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 137 3 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 137 4 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 137 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 137 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 2 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 4 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 5 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 6 was be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 8 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 9 increased increase VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 10 concentrations concentration NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 12 Na Na NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 138 13 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 139 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 139 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 139 3 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 139 4 4A 4a CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 139 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 139 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 2 addition addition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 3 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 4 high high JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 5 concentrations concentration NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 6 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 7 K K NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 8 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 9 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 10 which which WDT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 11 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 12 abundant abundant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 13 inside inside IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 14 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 15 cell cell NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 16 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 17 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 18 normal normal JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 19 state state NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 20 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 21 were be VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 22 also also RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 23 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 24 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 25 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 26 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 28 data datum NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 29 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 30 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 140 32 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 2 presence presence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 3 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 4 Mg Mg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 5 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 6 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 7 or or CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 8 Ca Ca NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 9 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 10 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 11 did do VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 12 not not RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 13 affect affect VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 14 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 15 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 16 at at RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 17 all all DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 19 Fig fig NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 20 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 21 4B 4b CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 141 23 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 1 These these DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 2 features feature NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 3 might may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 4 suggest suggest VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 5 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 7 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 8 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 9 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 10 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 11 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 12 localized localize VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 13 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 14 works work VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 15 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 16 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 17 limited limited JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 18 environment environment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 19 inside inside IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 21 infected infected JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 22 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 23 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 24 rather rather RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 25 than than IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 26 spreading spread VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 27 throughout throughout IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 28 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 29 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 142 30 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 1 More More JJR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 2 information information NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 3 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 4 necessary necessary JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 5 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 6 elucidate elucidate VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 7 when when WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 8 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 9 where where WRB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 11 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 12 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 13 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 14 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 15 does do VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 16 work work NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 17 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 19 infected infected JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 20 cell cell NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 143 21 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 2 have have VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 3 previously previously RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 4 shown show VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 5 that that IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 7 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 8 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 9 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 11 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 12 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 13 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 14 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 15 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 16 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 17 is be VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 18 composed compose VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 19 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 20 Cys139 cys139 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 21 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 22 His30 His30 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 24 Someya Someya NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 25 et et NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 26 al al NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 27 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 29 2002 2002 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 144 31 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 1 As as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 2 expected expect VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 3 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 4 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 5 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 6 as as RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 7 well well RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 8 as as IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 9 Hg Hg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 10 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 11 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 12 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 13 Zn Zn NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 14 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 15 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 16 inhibited inhibit VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 17 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 18 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 19 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 20 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 21 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 22 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 23 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 24 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 25 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 26 although although IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 27 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 28 degree degree NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 29 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 30 inhibition inhibition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 31 varied varied JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 32 dependent dependent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 33 on on IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 34 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 35 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 36 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 37 used use VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 145 38 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 1 Small small JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 3 Hg Hg NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 4 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 5 + + SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 6 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 7 Zn Zn NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 8 2 2 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 9 + + CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 10 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 11 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 12 MMTS MMTS NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 14 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 15 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 17 NEM NEM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 18 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 19 NPM NPM NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 21 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 22 tended tend VBD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 23 to to TO cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 24 inhibit inhibit VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 25 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 26 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 27 more more RBR cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 28 strongly strongly RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 29 than than IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 30 hydrophilic hydrophilic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 31 reagents reagent NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 33 PCMB PCMB NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 34 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 35 PCMBS PCMBS NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 146 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 147 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 147 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 147 3 . . NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 147 4 5 5 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 147 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 147 6 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 1 This this DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 2 tendency tendency NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 3 may may MD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 4 reflect reflect VB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 6 environment environment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 9 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 10 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 148 11 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 2 present present JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 3 results result NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 4 provide provide VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 5 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 6 basic basic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 7 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 8 features feature NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 9 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 10 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 11 Norovirus Norovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 12 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 13 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 14 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 15 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 149 16 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 1 Structure structure NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 2 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 3 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 4 main main JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 5 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 6 reveals reveal VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 7 combination combination NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 8 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 9 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 10 chymotrypsin chymotrypsin NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 11 fold fold JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 12 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 13 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 14 extra extra JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 15 alpha alpha JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 16 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 17 helical helical JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 18 domain domain NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 19 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 20 main main JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 21 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 23 3CLpro 3clpro CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 25 structure structure NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 26 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 27 basis basis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 28 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 29 design design NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 30 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 31 anti anti JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 32 - - JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 33 SARS SARS NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 34 drugs drug NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 35 Structure Structure NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 36 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 37 arterivirus arterivirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 38 nsp4 nsp4 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 150 39 . . . cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 2 smallest small JJS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 3 chymotrypsinlike chymotrypsinlike JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 4 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 5 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 6 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 7 alpha alpha NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 8 / / SYM cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 9 beta beta NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 10 C C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 11 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 12 terminal terminal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 13 extension extension NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 14 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 15 alternate alternate JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 16 conformations conformation NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 17 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 18 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 19 oxyanion oxyanion NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 20 hole hole NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 21 Purification Purification NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 22 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 23 properties property NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 24 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 25 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 26 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 27 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 28 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 29 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 151 30 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 1 In in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 2 vitro vitro FW cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 3 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 4 processing processing NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 5 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 7 MD145 MD145 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 8 norovirus norovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 9 ORF1 ORF1 NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 10 non non JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 11 - - JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 12 structural structural JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 13 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 14 yields yield VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 15 stable stable JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 16 precursors precursor NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 17 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 18 products product NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 19 similar similar JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 20 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 21 those those DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 22 detected detect VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 23 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 24 calicivirus calicivirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 25 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 26 infected infect VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 152 27 cells cell NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 2 refined refined JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 3 crystal crystal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 4 structure structure NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 5 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 6 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 7 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 8 gene gene NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 9 product product NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 10 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 11 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 12 A A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 13 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 14 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 15 specific specific JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 16 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 17 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 18 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 20 recognition recognition NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 21 Identification identification NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 22 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 23 characterization characterization NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 24 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 25 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 26 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 27 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 28 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 29 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 30 from from IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 31 rabbit rabbit NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 32 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 33 disease disease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 34 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 35 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 36 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 37 calicivirus calicivirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 38 A a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 39 rapid rapid JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 40 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 41 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 42 method method NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 43 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 44 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 45 quantitation quantitation NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 46 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 47 microgram microgram NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 48 quantities quantity NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 49 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 50 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 51 utilizing utilize VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 52 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 53 principle principle NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 54 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 55 proteindye proteindye NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 56 binding bind VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 57 Site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 58 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 59 directed direct VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 60 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 61 suggests suggest VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 62 close close JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 63 functional functional JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 64 relationship relationship NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 65 between between IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 66 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 67 human human JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 68 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 69 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 70 cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 71 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 72 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 73 cellular cellular JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 74 trypsin trypsin NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 75 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 76 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 77 serine serine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 78 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 79 Expression expression NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 80 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 81 partial partial JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 82 purification purification NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 83 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 84 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 85 tomato tomato NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 86 ringspot ringspot NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 87 nepovirus nepovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 88 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 89 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 90 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 91 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 92 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 93 comparison comparison NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 94 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 95 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 96 activity activity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 97 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 98 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 99 mature mature JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 100 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 101 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 102 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 103 VPg vpg NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 104 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 105 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 106 precursor precursor NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 107 Human Human NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 108 enteric enteric JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 109 RNA RNA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 110 viruses virus NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 111 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 112 caliciviruses caliciviruse NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 113 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 114 astroviruses astroviruses NNPS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 115 Expression expression NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 116 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 117 purification purification NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 118 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 119 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 120 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 121 14 14 CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 122 3CD 3cd CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 123 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 124 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 125 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 126 comparison comparison NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 127 to to IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 128 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 129 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 130 proteinase proteinase NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 131 Expression Expression NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 132 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 133 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 134 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 135 encoded encode VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 136 proteinases proteinase NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 137 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 138 functional functional JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 139 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 140 structural structural JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 141 similarities similarity NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 142 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 143 cellular cellular JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 144 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 145 Norwalk Norwalk NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 146 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 147 related related JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 148 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 149 viruses virus NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 150 Cysteine cysteine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 151 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 152 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 153 positive positive JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 154 strand strand NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 155 RNA RNA NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 156 viruses virus NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 157 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 158 chymotrypsinlike chymotrypsinlike JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 159 serine serine NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 160 proteases protease NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 161 A a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 162 distinct distinct JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 163 protein protein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 164 superfamily superfamily NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 165 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 166 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 167 common common JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 168 structural structural NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 169 fold fold NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 170 Identification identification NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 171 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 172 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 173 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 174 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 175 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 176 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 177 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 178 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 179 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 180 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 181 A A NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 182 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 183 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 184 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 185 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 186 directed direct VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 187 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 188 Site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 189 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 190 directed direct VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 191 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 192 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 193 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 194 putative putative JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 195 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 196 triad triad NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 197 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 198 poliovirus poliovirus NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 199 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 200 proteinase proteinase NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 201 Structure Structure NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 202 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 203 human human JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 204 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 205 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 206 protease protease NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 207 reveals reveal VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 208 a a DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 209 trypsin trypsin NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 210 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 211 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 212 polypeptide polypeptide NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 213 fold fold VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 214 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 215 RNA rna NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 216 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 217 binding bind VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 218 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 219 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 220 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 221 means mean VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 222 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 223 cleaving cleave VBG cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 224 precursor precursor NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 153 225 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 1 Recent recent JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 2 advances advance NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 3 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 4 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 5 treatment treatment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 6 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 7 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 8 infections infection NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 9 Active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 10 efflux efflux NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 11 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 12 tetracycline tetracycline NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 13 encoded encode VBN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 14 by by IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 15 four four CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 16 genetically genetically RB cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 17 different different JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 18 tetracycline tetracycline NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 19 resistance resistance NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 20 determinants determinant NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 21 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 22 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 154 23 coli coli NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 1 Refined refined JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 2 X x NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 3 - - NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 4 ray ray NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 5 crystallographic crystallographic JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 6 structure structure NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 7 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 8 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 9 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 10 3C 3C NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 11 gene gene NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 12 product product NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 13 Structural structural JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 14 basis basis NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 15 for for IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 16 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 17 substrate substrate JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 18 specificity specificity NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 19 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 20 tobacco tobacco NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 21 etch etch NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 22 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 23 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 24 Complete complete JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 25 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 26 sequence sequence NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 27 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 28 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 29 chiba chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 30 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 31 genome genome NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 32 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 33 functional functional JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 34 expression expression NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 35 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 36 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 37 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 38 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 39 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 40 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 41 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 42 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 43 coli coli VBZ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 44 Identification identification NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 45 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 46 active active JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 47 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 48 site site NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 49 amino amino NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 50 acid acid NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 51 residues residue NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 52 in in IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 53 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 54 Chiba Chiba NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 55 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 56 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 57 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 58 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 155 59 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 1 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 2 treatment treatment NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 3 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 4 rhinovirus rhinovirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 5 infections infection NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 6 : : : cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 7 progress progress NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 8 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 9 potential potential JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 10 The the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 11 crystal crystal NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 12 structures structure NNS cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 13 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 14 severe severe JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 15 acute acute JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 17 syndrome syndrome NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 18 virus virus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 19 main main JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 20 protease protease NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 21 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 23 complex complex NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 24 with with IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 25 an an DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 26 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 27 Biosynthesis Biosynthesis NNP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 28 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 29 purification purification NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 30 , , , cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 31 and and CC cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 32 characterization characterization NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 33 of of IN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 34 the the DT cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 35 human human JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 156 36 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 157 1 229E 229e CD cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 157 2 3C 3c NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 157 3 - - HYPH cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 157 4 like like JJ cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 157 5 proteinase proteinase NN cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 158 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 158 2 thank thank VBP cord-275016-ij5yaqkx 158 3 T. T. 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