id sid tid token lemma pos cord-300883-rws11uel 1 1 key key JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 1 2 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 1 3 cord-300883-rws11uel cord-300883-rws11uel NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 1 4 authors author NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 1 5 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 1 6 Padhi Padhi NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 1 7 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 1 8 Abinash Abinash NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 1 9 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 1 10 Verghese Verghese NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 1 11 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 1 12 Bindhu Bindhu NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 1 13 title title NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 14 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 1 15 Positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 1 16 natural natural JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 1 17 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 18 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 19 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 1 20 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 21 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 22 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 1 23 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 1 24 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 25 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 26 date date NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 27 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 1 28 2007 2007 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 1 29 - - SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 1 30 10 10 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 1 31 - - SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 1 32 10 10 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 1 33 journal journal NN cord-300883-rws11uel 1 34 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 2 1 Virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 2 2 Res res NN cord-300883-rws11uel 2 3 DOI doi NN cord-300883-rws11uel 2 4 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 3 1 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 3 2 / / SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 3 3 j.virusres.2007.08.014 j.virusres.2007.08.014 NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 3 4 sha sha XX cord-300883-rws11uel 3 5 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 4 1 1996f69b64707265aa7598a82d3281c4b9d7aaf6 1996f69b64707265aa7598a82d3281c4b9d7aaf6 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 4 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-300883-rws11uel 4 3 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 4 4 300883 300883 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 4 5 cord_uid cord_uid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 4 6 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 5 1 rws11uel rws11uel NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 5 2 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 5 3 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 5 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 5 5 hMPV hMPV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 5 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 5 7 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 5 8 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 5 9 newly newly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 5 10 discovered discover VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 11 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 12 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 13 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 5 14 family family NN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 15 Paramyxoviridae Paramyxoviridae NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 5 16 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 5 17 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 5 18 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 19 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 20 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 21 upper upper JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 5 22 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 5 23 lower low JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 5 24 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 5 25 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 26 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 5 27 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 28 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 5 29 age age NN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 30 groups group NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 5 31 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 5 32 many many JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 5 33 countries country NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 5 34 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 6 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 6 2 putative putative JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 6 3 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 6 5 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 6 7 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 8 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 9 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 6 10 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 11 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 6 12 previously previously RB cord-300883-rws11uel 6 13 reported report VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 14 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 6 15 have have VB cord-300883-rws11uel 6 16 shown show VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 17 more more RBR cord-300883-rws11uel 6 18 extensive extensive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 6 19 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 20 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 6 21 deduced deduce VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 22 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 23 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 24 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 25 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 26 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 27 any any DT cord-300883-rws11uel 6 28 other other JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 6 29 genomic genomic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 6 30 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 6 31 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 32 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 6 33 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 34 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 6 35 leading lead VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 6 36 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 37 four four CD cord-300883-rws11uel 6 38 sub sub NN cord-300883-rws11uel 6 39 - - NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 6 40 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 6 41 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 7 1 Using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 7 2 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 7 3 maximum maximum JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 4 likelihood likelihood NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 5 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 7 6 based base VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 7 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 8 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 9 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 10 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 11 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 12 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 7 14 here here RB cord-300883-rws11uel 7 15 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 7 16 report report VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 7 17 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 18 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 7 19 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 20 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 21 domain domain NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 22 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 23 8 8 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 24 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 25 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 26 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 7 27 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 28 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 29 1a 1a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 30 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 7 31 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 7 32 3 3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 33 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 34 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 35 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 7 36 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 7 37 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 38 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 39 1b 1b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 40 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 7 41 2a 2a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 42 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 7 43 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 7 44 2b 2b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 45 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 7 46 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 7 47 higher high JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 7 48 rate rate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 49 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 50 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 51 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 7 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 7 53 d(N d(N NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 7 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 7 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 7 56 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 57 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 7 58 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 59 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 7 60 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 7 61 d(S d(s NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 7 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 7 64 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 65 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 7 66 posterior posterior JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 67 probability probability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 68 above above IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 69 0.95 0.95 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 7 70 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 7 71 thus thus RB cord-300883-rws11uel 7 72 suggesting suggest VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 7 73 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 7 74 evidence evidence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 75 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 76 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 77 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 78 driven drive VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 79 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 80 Darwinian darwinian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 7 81 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 7 82 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 8 1 Although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 8 3 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 4 unclear unclear JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 5 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 6 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 8 7 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 8 acid acid JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 9 adaptations adaptation NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 8 10 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 8 11 driven drive VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 12 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 13 differential differential JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 14 immune immune JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 15 pressure pressure NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 16 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 8 17 some some DT cord-300883-rws11uel 8 18 other other JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 19 factors factor NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 8 20 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 8 21 identification identification NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 22 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 23 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 8 24 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 8 25 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 26 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 27 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 28 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 8 29 would would MD cord-300883-rws11uel 8 30 help help VB cord-300883-rws11uel 8 31 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 32 better well JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 8 33 screening screening NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 34 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 8 35 epitope epitope NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 36 mapping mapping NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 37 technology technology NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 38 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 8 39 identify identify VB cord-300883-rws11uel 8 40 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 8 41 localize localize VB cord-300883-rws11uel 8 42 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 8 43 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 8 44 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 8 45 can can MD cord-300883-rws11uel 8 46 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 8 47 recognized recognize VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 48 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 49 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 8 50 immune immune JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 8 51 system system NN cord-300883-rws11uel 8 52 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 9 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 9 2 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 9 3 observed observe VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 9 4 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 9 5 higher high JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 9 6 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 9 7 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 8 rates rate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 9 9 per per IN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 10 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 11 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 9 12 per per IN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 13 year year NN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 14 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 15 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 9 16 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 9 17 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 1 hMPV hMPV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 10 2 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 3 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 10 4 rates rate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 10 5 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 10 6 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 10 7 previously previously RB cord-300883-rws11uel 10 8 reported report VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 9 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 10 11 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 10 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 10 13 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 10 14 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 10 16 suggesting suggest VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 10 17 rapid rapid JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 10 18 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 10 19 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 10 20 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 21 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 10 22 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 11 1 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 2 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 11 4 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 11 6 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 11 8 family family NN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 9 Paramyxoviridae Paramyxoviridae NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 10 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 11 11 subfamily subfamily NN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 12 Pneumoviridae Pneumoviridae NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 13 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 11 14 first first RB cord-300883-rws11uel 11 15 discovered discover VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 16 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 17 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 11 18 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 19 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 20 infants infant NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 11 21 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 11 22 children child NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 11 23 suffering suffer VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 11 24 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 25 acute acute JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 11 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 11 27 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 28 disease disease NN cord-300883-rws11uel 11 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 11 30 van van NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 31 den den NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 32 Hoogen Hoogen NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 33 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 34 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 35 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 11 36 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 11 37 2001 2001 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 11 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 11 39 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 12 1 Since since IN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 2 then then RB cord-300883-rws11uel 12 3 considerable considerable JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 12 4 progress progress NN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 5 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 12 6 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 7 made make VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 8 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 9 identification identification NN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 10 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 12 11 characterization characterization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 12 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 12 13 Cote Cote NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 12 14 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 12 15 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 12 16 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 13 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 13 2 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 13 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 13 4 Mackay Mackay NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 13 9 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 13 10 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 13 11 Ebihara Ebihara NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 12 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 13 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 14 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 13 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 13 16 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 2 Maertzdorf Maertzdorf NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 7 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 8 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 9 Skiadopoulos Skiadopoulos NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 10 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 11 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 12 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 14 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 15 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 16 Hamelin Hamelin NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 17 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 14 18 Boivin Boivin NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 19 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 20 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 21 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 22 Leung Leung NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 23 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 24 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 25 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 26 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 27 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 28 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 29 Gray Gray NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 30 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 31 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 32 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 33 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 34 2006a 2006a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 35 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 36 b b LS cord-300883-rws11uel 14 37 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 38 Ulbrand Ulbrand NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 39 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 40 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 41 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 42 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 43 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 44 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 14 45 van van NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 46 den den NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 47 Hoogen Hoogen NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 14 48 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 14 49 2007 2007 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 14 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 14 51 as as RB cord-300883-rws11uel 14 52 well well RB cord-300883-rws11uel 14 53 as as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 15 1 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 15 2 understanding understand VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 15 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-300883-rws11uel 15 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 15 5 diversity diversity NN cord-300883-rws11uel 15 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 15 7 Bastien Bastien NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 15 8 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 15 9 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 15 10 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 16 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 16 2 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 17 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 17 2 Bastien Bastien NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 17 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 17 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 17 5 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 18 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 18 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 18 3 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 18 4 Biacchesi Biacchesi NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 18 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 18 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 18 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 18 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 18 9 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 19 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 19 2 Ishiguro Ishiguro NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 19 7 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 19 8 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 19 9 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 10 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 11 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 12 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 19 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 19 14 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 20 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 20 2 Carr Carr NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 20 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 20 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 20 5 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 21 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 21 2 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 21 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 21 4 Ludewick Ludewick NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 21 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 21 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 21 7 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 22 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 22 2 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 22 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 22 4 Galiano Galiano NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 22 9 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 22 10 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 22 11 Boivin Boivin NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 12 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 13 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 14 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 22 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 22 16 2007 2007 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 22 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 22 18 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 23 1 To to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 2 date date NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 3 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 23 4 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 5 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 6 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 7 identified identify VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 8 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 9 many many JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 10 countries country NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 23 11 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 12 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 13 age age NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 14 groups group NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 23 15 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 23 16 reported report VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 23 17 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 23 18 cause cause VB cord-300883-rws11uel 23 19 upper upper JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 21 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 22 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 23 23 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 23 24 flu flu NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 25 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 23 26 like like JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 27 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 23 28 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 23 29 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 23 30 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 31 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 23 32 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 33 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 34 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 35 lower low JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 23 36 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 23 37 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 38 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 23 39 * * NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 23 40 Corresponding correspond VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 23 41 author author NN cord-300883-rws11uel 23 42 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 24 1 Tel Tel NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 24 2 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 25 1 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 25 2 +1 +1 NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 25 3 918 918 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 25 4 631 631 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 25 5 3062 3062 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 26 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 26 2 fax fax NN cord-300883-rws11uel 26 3 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 26 4 +1 +1 NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 26 5 918 918 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 26 6 631 631 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 26 7 2762 2762 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 26 8 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 27 1 E e NN cord-300883-rws11uel 27 2 - - NN cord-300883-rws11uel 27 3 mail mail NN cord-300883-rws11uel 27 4 address address NN cord-300883-rws11uel 27 5 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 27 6 abinash-padhi@utulsa.edu abinash-padhi@utulsa.edu NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 27 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 27 8 A. A. NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 27 9 Padhi Padhi NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 27 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 27 11 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 28 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 28 2 van van NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 28 3 den den NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 28 4 Hoogen Hoogen NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 28 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 28 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 28 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 28 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 28 9 2001 2001 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 29 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 29 2 Stockton Stockton NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 29 7 2002 2002 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 29 8 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 29 9 Biacchesi Biacchesi NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 10 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 11 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 12 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 29 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 29 14 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 30 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 30 2 Bastien Bastien NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 30 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 30 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 30 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 30 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 30 7 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 31 1 Bastien Bastien NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 31 2 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 31 3 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 31 4 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 32 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 32 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 32 3 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 32 4 Ishiguro Ishiguro NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 32 9 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 32 10 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 32 11 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 12 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 13 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 14 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 32 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 32 16 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 33 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 33 2 Carr Carr NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 33 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 33 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 33 5 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 34 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 34 2 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 34 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 34 4 Ludewick Ludewick NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 34 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 34 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 34 7 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 35 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 35 2 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 35 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 35 4 Fouchier Fouchier NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 35 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 35 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 35 7 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 36 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 36 2 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 36 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 36 4 Regev Regev NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 36 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 36 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 36 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 36 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 36 9 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 37 1 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 37 2 Galiano Galiano NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 37 7 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 37 8 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 37 9 Kahn Kahn NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 37 11 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 37 12 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 37 13 Gray Gray NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 14 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 15 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 37 16 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 38 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 38 2 2006a 2006a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 38 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 38 4 b b LS cord-300883-rws11uel 38 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 38 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 38 7 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 38 8 pattern pattern NN cord-300883-rws11uel 38 9 similar similar JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 38 10 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 38 11 that that DT cord-300883-rws11uel 38 12 reported report VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 38 13 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 38 14 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 38 15 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 38 16 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 38 17 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 38 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 38 19 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 38 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 38 21 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 39 1 Although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 2 comparative comparative JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 3 genome genome NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 4 mapping mapping NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 5 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 39 6 suggested suggest VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 39 7 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 8 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 39 9 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 10 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 11 structural structural JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 12 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 39 13 functional functional JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 14 similarities similarity NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 39 15 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 16 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 39 18 Kahn Kahn NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 19 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 39 20 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 39 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 39 22 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 39 23 recent recent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 24 studies study NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 39 25 reported report VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 39 26 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 27 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 39 28 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 39 30 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 39 32 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 33 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 34 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 39 35 paramimyxoviruses paramimyxoviruse NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 39 36 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 37 extensive extensive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 38 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 39 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 39 40 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 41 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 42 variation variation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 43 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 39 44 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 45 most most JJS cord-300883-rws11uel 39 46 differences difference NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 39 47 located locate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 48 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 49 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 39 50 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 39 51 domain domain NN cord-300883-rws11uel 39 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 39 53 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 54 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 55 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 56 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 57 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 39 58 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 39 59 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 39 60 Kahn Kahn NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 39 61 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 39 62 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 39 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 39 64 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 40 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-300883-rws11uel 40 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 40 3 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 40 4 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 40 5 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 40 6 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 40 7 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 40 8 widely widely RB cord-300883-rws11uel 40 9 used use VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 40 10 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 40 11 infer infer VB cord-300883-rws11uel 40 12 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 40 13 relationships relationship NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 40 14 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 40 15 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 40 16 isolates isolate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 40 17 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 40 18 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 40 19 geographic geographic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 40 20 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 40 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 40 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-300883-rws11uel 40 23 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 40 24 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 25 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 26 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 27 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 28 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 40 29 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 40 30 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 40 31 Ishiguro Ishiguro NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 32 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 33 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 34 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 40 35 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 40 36 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 40 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 40 38 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 41 1 Although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 2 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 3 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 41 4 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 5 hMPVs hmpvs CD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 6 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 41 8 complete complete JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 9 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 10 coding coding NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 11 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 41 12 revealed reveal VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 13 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 41 14 existence existence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 15 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 16 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 17 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 18 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 41 19 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 20 hMPVs hmpvs CD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 41 22 recent recent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 23 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 41 24 based base VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 25 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 26 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 27 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 41 28 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 29 phylogeny phylogeny NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 30 revealed reveal VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 31 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 41 32 existence existence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 33 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 34 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 35 minor minor JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 36 subgroups subgroup NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 41 37 within within IN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 38 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 41 39 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 41 40 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 41 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 41 42 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 41 43 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 41 44 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 41 45 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 41 46 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 41 47 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 41 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 41 49 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 42 1 Despite despite IN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 42 3 knowledge knowledge NN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 4 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 5 identification identification NN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 6 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 42 7 characterization characterization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 8 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 9 hMPVs hmpvs CD cord-300883-rws11uel 42 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 42 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 42 12 possible possible JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 42 13 mechanism mechanism NN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 14 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 15 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 42 16 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 17 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 18 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 42 19 proteins protein NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 42 20 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 42 21 evolved evolve VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 22 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 42 23 poorly poorly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 42 24 understood understand VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 42 25 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 43 1 Earlier early JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 43 2 studies study NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 3 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 43 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 43 6 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 7 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 8 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 9 Gprotein Gprotein NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 10 reported report VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 43 11 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 12 certain certain JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 43 13 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 14 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 15 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 16 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 43 17 correspond correspond VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 18 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 19 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 20 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 21 O o NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 22 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 43 23 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 24 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 43 25 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 43 26 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 27 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 28 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 29 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 43 30 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 43 31 previously previously RB cord-300883-rws11uel 43 32 described describe VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 33 as as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 34 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 43 35 antibody antibody NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 36 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 43 37 induced induce VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 38 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 39 vitro vitro FW cord-300883-rws11uel 43 40 escape escape NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 41 mutants mutant NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 42 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 43 43 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 44 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 45 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 43 46 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 47 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 43 48 thus thus RB cord-300883-rws11uel 43 49 showed show VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 43 50 strong strong JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 43 51 association association NN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 52 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 53 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 43 54 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 43 55 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 56 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 57 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 43 58 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 43 59 mapped map VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 43 60 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 43 61 epitopes epitope NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 43 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 43 63 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 64 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 43 65 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 66 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 43 67 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 43 68 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 43 69 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 43 70 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 44 1 Recently recently RB cord-300883-rws11uel 44 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 44 3 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 44 4 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 44 5 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 44 6 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 45 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 45 2 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 45 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 45 4 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 45 5 reported report VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 45 6 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 7 certain certain JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 45 8 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 9 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 10 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 45 11 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 12 severe severe JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 45 13 acute acute JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 45 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 45 15 syndrome syndrome NN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 45 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 45 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 45 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 45 21 CoV CoV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 45 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 45 23 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 45 24 evolved evolve VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 25 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 26 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 45 27 Darwinian darwinian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 45 28 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 45 29 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 46 1 These these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 46 2 lines line NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 46 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 46 4 evidence evidence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 46 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 46 6 an an DT cord-300883-rws11uel 46 7 interesting interesting JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 46 8 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 46 9 pattern pattern NN cord-300883-rws11uel 46 10 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 46 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 46 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 46 13 viruses virus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 46 14 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 47 1 At at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 47 3 genomic genomic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 4 level level NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 47 6 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 7 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 47 8 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 9 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 47 10 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 47 11 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 47 12 particular particular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 13 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 14 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 15 within within IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 16 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 47 17 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 18 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 47 19 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 20 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 21 relaxed relaxed JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 22 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 23 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 47 24 remains remain VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 25 functionally functionally RB cord-300883-rws11uel 47 26 constrained constrain VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 27 throughout throughout IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 28 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 29 can can MD cord-300883-rws11uel 47 30 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 47 31 detected detect VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 32 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 33 comparing compare VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 47 34 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 47 35 rate rate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 36 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 37 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 38 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 39 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 47 40 per per IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 41 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 42 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 47 44 d d NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 47 45 N n CD cord-300883-rws11uel 47 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 47 47 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 48 that that DT cord-300883-rws11uel 47 49 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 50 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 51 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 47 52 per per IN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 53 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 47 54 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 47 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 47 56 d d NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 47 57 S S NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 47 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 47 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 48 1 Hughes Hughes NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 48 2 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 48 3 Nei Nei NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 48 4 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 48 5 1989 1989 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 48 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 48 7 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 49 1 If if IN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 2 d d NN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 3 N N NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 49 4 /d /d NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 49 5 S S NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 49 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 49 7 hereafter hereafter RB cord-300883-rws11uel 49 8 referred refer VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 9 as as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 10 ω ω NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 49 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 49 12 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 49 13 greater great JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 49 14 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 15 one one CD cord-300883-rws11uel 49 16 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 49 17 then then RB cord-300883-rws11uel 49 18 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 49 19 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 20 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 49 21 said say VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 49 22 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 49 23 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 49 24 operating operate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 49 25 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 50 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 50 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 50 3 if if IN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 4 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 5 < < XX cord-300883-rws11uel 50 6 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 50 7 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 50 8 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 50 9 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 10 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 50 11 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 12 strong strong JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 50 13 purifying purifying NN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 14 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 15 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 50 16 presumed presume VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 17 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 50 18 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 50 19 functionally functionally RB cord-300883-rws11uel 50 20 constrained constrain VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 50 21 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 51 1 Identifying identify VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 51 2 genes gene NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 51 3 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 51 4 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 51 5 evolved evolve VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 51 6 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 51 7 adaptation adaptation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 51 8 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 51 9 central central JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 51 10 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 51 11 understanding understand VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 51 12 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 51 13 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 51 14 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 52 1 However however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 52 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 52 3 not not RB cord-300883-rws11uel 52 4 all all DT cord-300883-rws11uel 52 5 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 52 6 acid acid JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 52 7 differences difference NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 52 8 observed observe VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 52 9 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 52 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 52 11 closely closely RB cord-300883-rws11uel 52 12 related related JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 52 13 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 52 14 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 52 15 ecologically ecologically RB cord-300883-rws11uel 52 16 / / , cord-300883-rws11uel 52 17 geographically geographically RB cord-300883-rws11uel 52 18 isolated isolate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 52 19 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 52 20 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 52 21 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 53 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 53 2 e.g. e.g. RB cord-300883-rws11uel 53 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 53 4 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 53 5 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 53 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 53 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 53 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 53 9 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 53 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 53 11 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 54 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-300883-rws11uel 54 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 54 3 analyzing analyze VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 54 4 patterns pattern NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 54 5 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 6 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 7 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 8 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 54 9 would would MD cord-300883-rws11uel 54 10 provide provide VB cord-300883-rws11uel 54 11 insight insight NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 12 into into IN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 13 understanding understand VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 54 14 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 15 adaptation adaptation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 16 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 17 identifying identify VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 54 18 candidate candidate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 19 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 20 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 54 21 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 22 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 54 23 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 54 24 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 25 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 54 26 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 54 27 operating operate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 54 28 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 55 1 Identifying identify VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 55 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 55 3 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 55 4 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 55 5 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 55 6 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 55 7 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 55 8 would would MD cord-300883-rws11uel 55 9 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 55 10 help help VB cord-300883-rws11uel 55 11 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 55 12 further further JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 55 13 immunization immunization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 55 14 studies study NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 55 15 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 56 1 Maximum maximum JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 56 2 likelihood likelihood NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 56 4 ML)-based ml)-based CD cord-300883-rws11uel 56 5 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 6 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 7 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 56 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 56 9 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 56 10 account account VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 11 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 12 variable variable JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 56 13 ω ω CD cord-300883-rws11uel 56 14 ratios ratio NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 56 15 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 16 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 17 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 56 18 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 56 19 detect detect VB cord-300883-rws11uel 56 20 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 21 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 56 22 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 56 23 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 24 subjected subject VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 25 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 26 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 56 27 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 56 29 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 30 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 31 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 32 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 33 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 56 34 2000 2000 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 56 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 56 36 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 56 37 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 38 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 39 widely widely RB cord-300883-rws11uel 56 40 used use VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 41 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 42 detecting detect VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 56 43 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 56 44 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 45 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 46 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 56 47 number number NN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 48 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 56 49 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 56 50 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 56 51 groups group NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 56 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 56 53 e.g. e.g. RB cord-300883-rws11uel 56 54 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 56 55 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 56 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 56 57 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 56 58 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 57 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 57 2 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 57 3 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 57 4 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 57 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 57 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 57 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 57 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 57 9 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 57 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 57 11 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 58 1 Here here RB cord-300883-rws11uel 58 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 58 3 used use VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 58 4 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 58 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 58 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 58 7 's 's POS cord-300883-rws11uel 58 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 58 9 2000 2000 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 58 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 59 1 ML ml NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 2 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 3 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 4 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 59 5 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 59 6 test test VB cord-300883-rws11uel 59 7 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 8 there there EX cord-300883-rws11uel 59 9 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 59 10 evidence evidence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 11 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 59 13 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 59 14 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 15 level level NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 16 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 17 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 59 18 subset subset NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 19 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 20 amino amino JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 59 21 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 22 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 59 23 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 24 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 25 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 59 26 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 27 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 28 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 29 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 59 30 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 59 31 represent represent VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 59 32 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 59 33 subgroup subgroup NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 34 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 59 35 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 36 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 37 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 59 38 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 59 39 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 60 1 In in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 2 addition addition NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 60 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 5 used use VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 60 6 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 60 7 Bayesian Bayesian NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 8 MCMC MCMC NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 9 approach approach NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 10 implemented implement VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 11 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 12 BEAST BEAST NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 13 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 14 1.4.4 1.4.4 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 60 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 60 16 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 60 17 utilize utilize VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 18 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 60 19 number number NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 20 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 60 21 temporal temporal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 60 22 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 23 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 24 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 60 25 differences difference NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 60 26 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 27 viruses virus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 60 28 sampled sample VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 29 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 30 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 60 31 times time NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 60 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 60 33 Drummond Drummond NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 34 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 35 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 36 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 60 37 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 60 38 2002 2002 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 60 39 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 60 40 estimate estimate VB cord-300883-rws11uel 60 41 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 60 42 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 60 43 change change NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 44 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 45 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 60 46 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 60 47 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 61 1 A a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 61 2 total total NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 4 144 144 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 5 published publish VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 6 unique unique JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 61 7 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 61 8 coding coding NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 9 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 61 10 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 11 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 12 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 61 13 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 14 representing represent VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 61 15 four four CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 16 sub sub NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 17 - - NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 61 18 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 61 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 61 20 1a 1a NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 21 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 61 22 46 46 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 23 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 61 24 1b 1b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 25 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 61 26 40 40 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 27 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 61 28 2a 2a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 29 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 61 30 38 38 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 31 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 61 32 2b 2b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 33 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 61 34 20 20 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 61 36 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 37 retrieved retrieve VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 38 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 39 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 61 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 61 41 Table table NN cord-300883-rws11uel 61 42 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 61 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 61 44 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 62 1 Sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 62 2 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 62 3 aligned align VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 62 4 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 62 5 Mesquite Mesquite NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 62 6 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 62 7 1.2 1.2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 62 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 62 9 Maddison Maddison NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 62 10 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 62 11 Maddison Maddison NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 62 12 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 62 13 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 62 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 62 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 62 16 DAMBE DAMBE NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 62 17 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 62 18 4.5.2 4.5.2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 62 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 62 20 Xia Xia NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 62 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 62 22 2000 2000 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 62 23 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 63 1 Xia Xia NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 63 2 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 63 3 Xie Xie NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 63 4 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 63 5 2001 2001 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 63 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 63 7 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 63 8 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 63 9 BioEdit BioEdit NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 63 10 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 63 11 7.0.5.3 7.0.5.3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 63 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 63 13 Hall Hall NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 63 14 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 63 15 1999 1999 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 63 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 63 17 software software NN cord-300883-rws11uel 63 18 packages package NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 63 19 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 64 1 To to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 64 2 infer infer VB cord-300883-rws11uel 64 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 64 4 relationship relationship NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 5 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 6 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 64 7 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 64 8 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 9 hMPVs hmpvs CD cord-300883-rws11uel 64 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 64 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 64 12 reconstructed reconstruct VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 64 13 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 64 14 neighbor neighbor NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 15 joining join VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 64 16 tree tree NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 17 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-300883-rws11uel 64 19 predicted predict VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 20 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 21 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 22 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 23 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 64 24 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 25 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 26 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 64 27 distance distance NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 28 implemented implement VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 29 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 30 MEGA MEGA NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 64 31 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 64 32 3.1 3.1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 65 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 65 2 Kumar Kumar NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 65 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 65 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 65 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 65 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 65 7 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 65 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 65 9 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 66 1 Using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 66 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 66 3 same same JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 66 4 program program NN cord-300883-rws11uel 66 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 66 6 nodal nodal NN cord-300883-rws11uel 66 7 supports support NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 66 8 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 66 9 estimated estimate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 66 10 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 66 11 10,000 10,000 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 66 12 nonparametric nonparametric JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 66 13 bootstrap bootstrap NN cord-300883-rws11uel 66 14 replicates replicate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 66 15 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 67 1 For for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 2 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 3 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 67 4 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 67 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 67 6 reconstructed reconstruct VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 67 7 unrooted unrooted JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 8 ML ML NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 67 9 trees tree NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 67 10 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 11 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 67 12 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 13 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 15 respective respective JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 16 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 17 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 18 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 67 19 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 67 20 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 67 21 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 22 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 23 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 24 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 25 identified identify VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 26 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 27 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 67 28 hierarchical hierarchical JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 67 29 likelihood likelihood NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 30 ratio ratio NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 31 test test NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 32 implemented implement VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 33 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 34 Modeltest Modeltest NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 67 35 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 67 36 3.5 3.5 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 67 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 67 38 Posada Posada NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 67 39 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 67 40 Crandall Crandall NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 67 41 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 67 42 1998 1998 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 67 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 67 44 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 68 1 PHYML PHYML NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 68 2 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 68 3 2.4.4 2.4.4 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 68 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 68 5 Guindon Guindon NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 68 6 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 68 7 Gascuel Gascuel NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 68 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 68 9 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 68 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 68 11 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 68 12 used use VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 68 13 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 68 14 conduct conduct VB cord-300883-rws11uel 68 15 ML ml NN cord-300883-rws11uel 68 16 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 68 17 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 69 1 Overall overall JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 2 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 3 rate rate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 69 5 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 6 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 69 7 per per IN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 8 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 9 per per IN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 10 year year NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 69 12 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 13 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 69 14 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 15 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 69 16 estimated estimate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 17 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 69 18 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 69 19 Bayesian bayesian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 20 skyline skyline NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 21 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 22 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 69 23 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 24 both both CC cord-300883-rws11uel 69 25 relaxed relaxed JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 69 27 variable variable JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 69 29 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 30 clock clock NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 69 32 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 33 uncorrelated uncorrelated JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 34 lognormal lognormal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 35 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 69 37 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 69 38 strict strict JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 69 39 clock clock NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 40 implemented implement VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 41 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 42 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 69 43 BEAST BEAST NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 69 44 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 69 45 1.4.4 1.4.4 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 69 46 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 70 1 This this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 70 2 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 3 employs employ VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 70 4 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 70 5 Bayesian Bayesian NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 70 6 MCMC MCMC NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 70 7 approach approach NN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 8 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 70 9 utilize utilize VB cord-300883-rws11uel 70 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 70 11 number number NN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 12 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 70 13 temporal temporal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 70 14 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 15 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 16 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 70 17 differences difference NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 70 18 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 19 viruses virus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 70 20 sampled sample VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 21 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 70 22 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 70 23 times time NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 70 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 70 25 Drummond Drummond NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 70 26 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 70 27 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 70 28 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 70 29 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 70 30 2002 2002 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 70 31 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 71 1 Bayesian Bayesian NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 71 2 skyline skyline NN cord-300883-rws11uel 71 3 plots plot NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 71 4 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 71 5 10 10 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 71 6 grouped group VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 71 7 intervals interval NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 71 8 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 71 9 reconstructed reconstruct VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 71 10 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 71 11 infer infer VB cord-300883-rws11uel 71 12 demographic demographic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 71 13 history history NN cord-300883-rws11uel 71 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 71 15 Drummond Drummond NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 71 16 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 71 17 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 71 18 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 71 19 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 71 20 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 71 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 71 22 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 72 1 Phylogenies phylogeny NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 72 2 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 72 3 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 4 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 72 5 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 72 6 chain chain NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 7 length length NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 8 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 9 30 30 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 72 10 million million CD cord-300883-rws11uel 72 11 states state NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 72 12 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 13 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 72 14 HKY85 HKY85 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 72 15 + + SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 72 16 4 4 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 72 17 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 18 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 19 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 72 20 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 21 uncertainty uncertainty NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 22 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 23 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 72 24 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 72 25 reflected reflect VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 26 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 27 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 72 28 95 95 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 72 29 % % NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 30 high high JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 72 31 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 72 32 probability probability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 33 density density NN cord-300883-rws11uel 72 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 72 35 HPD HPD NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 72 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 72 37 intervals interval NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 72 38 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 73 1 Convergence convergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 73 2 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 73 3 trees tree NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 73 4 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 73 5 checked check VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 73 6 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 73 7 Tracer Tracer NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 73 8 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 73 9 1.3 1.3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 73 10 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 74 1 To to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 74 2 determine determine VB cord-300883-rws11uel 74 3 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 74 4 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 74 5 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 74 6 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 74 7 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 8 divergence divergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 9 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 10 pattern pattern NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 11 across across IN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 74 13 entire entire JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 74 14 coding code VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 74 15 region region NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 16 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 17 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 74 18 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 74 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 74 21 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 74 22 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 74 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 74 24 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 74 25 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 74 26 used use VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 74 27 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 74 28 sliding slide VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 74 29 window window NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 30 approach approach NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 74 32 window window NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 33 size size NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 34 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 74 35 6 6 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 74 36 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 74 37 step step NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 38 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 74 39 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 74 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 74 41 implemented implement VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 42 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 43 DNAsp DNAsp NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 74 44 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 74 45 4.0 4.0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 75 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 75 2 Rozas Rozas NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 75 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 75 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 75 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 75 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 75 7 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 75 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 75 9 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 76 1 To to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 76 2 assess assess VB cord-300883-rws11uel 76 3 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 4 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 76 5 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 6 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 76 7 operating operate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 76 8 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 9 any any DT cord-300883-rws11uel 76 10 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 11 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 76 12 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 76 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 76 14 used use VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 76 15 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 76 16 alignment alignment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 17 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 76 18 ML ml NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 19 trees tree NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 76 20 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 21 respective respective JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 76 22 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 76 23 as as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 24 input input NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 25 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 26 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 76 27 CODEML CODEML NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 76 28 program program NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 29 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 30 PAML PAML NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 76 31 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 76 32 3.15 3.15 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 77 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 77 2 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 77 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 77 4 1997 1997 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 77 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 77 6 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 78 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 78 2 PAML PAML NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 78 3 program program NN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 4 incorporates incorporate VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 78 5 six six CD cord-300883-rws11uel 78 6 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 78 7 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 8 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 9 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 78 10 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 78 11 account account VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 78 12 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 13 variable variable JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 78 14 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 15 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 16 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 78 17 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 18 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 78 19 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 79 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 79 2 six six CD cord-300883-rws11uel 79 3 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 4 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 5 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 79 6 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 79 7 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 79 8 M0 m0 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 10 one one CD cord-300883-rws11uel 79 11 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 79 12 ratio ratio NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 14 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 79 15 M1a M1a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 79 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 17 nearly nearly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 79 18 neutral neutral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 79 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 20 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 79 21 M2a M2a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 79 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 23 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 79 24 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 26 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 79 27 M7 m7 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 29 β β NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 30 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 31 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 79 32 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 79 33 ≤ ≤ NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 34 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 35 ≤ ≤ NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 79 36 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 79 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 38 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 79 39 M8 M8 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 79 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 79 41 β β NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 42 + + CC cord-300883-rws11uel 79 43 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 79 44 > > XX cord-300883-rws11uel 79 45 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 79 46 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 79 47 continuous continuous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 79 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 80 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 80 2 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 80 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 80 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 80 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 80 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 80 7 2000 2000 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 80 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 80 9 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 80 10 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 80 11 M8a M8a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 81 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 81 2 β β NN cord-300883-rws11uel 81 3 + + CC cord-300883-rws11uel 81 4 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 81 5 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 81 6 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 81 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 82 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 82 2 Swanson Swanson NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 82 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 82 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 82 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 82 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 82 7 2003 2003 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 82 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 82 9 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 83 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 83 2 M0 m0 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 83 3 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 83 4 estimates estimate VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 83 5 overall overall RB cord-300883-rws11uel 83 6 ω ω CD cord-300883-rws11uel 83 7 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 83 8 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 83 9 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 83 10 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 84 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 84 2 M1a M1a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 84 3 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 4 estimates estimate VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 84 5 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 84 6 single single JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 84 7 parameter parameter NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 84 9 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 10 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 11 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 84 12 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 13 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 14 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 15 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 84 16 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 17 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 84 18 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 84 19 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 84 20 remaining remain VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 84 21 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 84 22 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 23 frequency frequency NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 24 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 25 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 84 27 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 28 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 29 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 84 30 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 31 − − NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 32 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 33 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 84 35 assuming assume VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 84 36 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 84 37 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 38 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 84 39 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 84 40 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 85 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 85 2 M2a M2a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 85 3 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 4 adds add VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 85 5 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 85 6 class class NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 7 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 8 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 85 9 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 10 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 85 11 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 12 frequency frequency NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 13 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 14 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 85 16 where where WRB cord-300883-rws11uel 85 17 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 18 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 19 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 85 20 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 21 − − NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 22 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 23 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 24 − − NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 25 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 26 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 85 28 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 29 ω ω CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 30 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 85 31 estimated estimate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 32 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 85 33 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 85 34 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 85 35 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 86 1 In in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 86 3 M7 m7 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 4 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 86 6 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 7 follows follow VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 86 8 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 86 9 beta beta NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 10 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 11 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 86 12 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 86 13 allowed allow VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 14 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 86 15 vary vary VB cord-300883-rws11uel 86 16 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 17 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 86 18 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 86 19 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 86 20 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 86 21 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 86 22 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 86 23 parameters parameter NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 86 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 86 25 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 26 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 86 27 q q NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 86 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 86 29 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 30 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 86 31 beta beta NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 32 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 33 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 86 34 estimated estimate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 35 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 86 36 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 86 37 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 86 38 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 87 1 In in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 87 3 M8 M8 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 87 4 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 87 6 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 87 7 proportion proportion NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 87 9 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 10 0 0 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 87 11 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 87 12 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 13 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 87 14 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 87 15 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 16 drawn draw VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 17 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 18 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 87 19 beta beta NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 20 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 21 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 87 22 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 87 23 remaining remain VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 87 24 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 87 25 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 26 proportion proportion NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 27 p p NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 28 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 87 29 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 87 30 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 87 31 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 87 33 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 87 34 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 87 35 > > SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 87 36 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 87 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 87 38 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 88 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 88 2 LRTs lrt NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 88 3 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 4 nested nested JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 88 5 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 88 6 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 88 7 conducted conduct VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 8 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 9 comparing compare VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 88 10 twice twice PDT cord-300883-rws11uel 88 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 88 12 difference difference NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 13 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 14 log log NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 15 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 88 16 likelihood likelihood NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 17 values value NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 88 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 88 19 2ln 2ln NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 88 20 l l NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 88 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 88 22 against against IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 23 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 88 24 χ χ CD cord-300883-rws11uel 88 25 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 88 26 -distribution -distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 27 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 28 degrees degree NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 88 29 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 30 freedom freedom NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 31 equal equal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 88 32 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 33 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 88 34 difference difference NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 35 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 36 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 88 37 number number NN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 38 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 39 parameters parameter NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 88 40 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 88 41 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 88 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 88 43 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 88 44 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 88 45 1997 1997 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 88 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 88 47 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 89 1 Three three CD cord-300883-rws11uel 89 2 LRTs lrt NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 89 3 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 89 4 conducted conduct VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 89 5 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 90 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 90 2 first first JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 90 3 comparison comparison NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 4 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 5 made make VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 6 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 7 M1a M1a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 90 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 90 9 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 90 10 allows allow VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 90 11 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 12 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 13 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 14 classes class NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 90 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 90 16 0 0 NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 90 17 < < XX cord-300883-rws11uel 90 18 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 19 < < XX cord-300883-rws11uel 90 20 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 90 22 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 23 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 90 24 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 90 26 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 90 27 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 90 28 M2a M2a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 90 29 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 90 30 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 90 31 allows allow VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 90 32 three three CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 33 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 34 classes class NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 90 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 90 36 0 0 NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 90 37 < < XX cord-300883-rws11uel 90 38 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 39 < < XX cord-300883-rws11uel 90 40 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 41 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 90 42 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 43 = = SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 90 44 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 45 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 90 46 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 90 47 > > XX cord-300883-rws11uel 90 48 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 90 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 90 50 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 91 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 91 2 second second JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 91 3 comparison comparison NN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 4 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 91 5 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 6 M7 m7 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 7 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 91 8 M8 m8 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 9 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 91 10 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 91 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 91 12 last last JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 91 13 comparison comparison NN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 14 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 91 15 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 16 M8 m8 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 17 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 91 18 M8a M8a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 91 19 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 91 20 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 21 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 91 22 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 23 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 24 _SP cord-300883-rws11uel 91 25 hMPV13 hMPV13 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 91 26 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 91 27 M8a M8a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 91 28 was be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 91 29 constrained constrain VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 30 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 91 31 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 91 32 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 92 1 In in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 2 all all DT cord-300883-rws11uel 92 3 LRTs lrt NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 92 4 good good JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 5 evidence evidence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 6 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 7 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 8 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 9 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 10 found find VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 11 if if IN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 92 13 LRT LRT NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 14 indicates indicate VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 15 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 16 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 92 17 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 92 18 allow allow VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 19 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 20 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 92 22 i.e. i.e. FW cord-300883-rws11uel 92 23 M2a M2a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 24 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 92 25 M8 m8 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 26 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 92 27 alternative alternative JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 28 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 92 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 92 30 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 31 significantly significantly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 92 32 better well JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 92 33 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 92 34 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 35 respective respective JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 36 null null JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 92 37 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 92 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 92 39 M1a M1a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 40 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 92 41 M7 M7 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 42 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 92 43 M8a M8a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 92 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 93 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 93 2 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 93 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 93 4 1997 1997 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 93 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 93 6 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 94 1 Posterior posterior JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 94 2 probabilities probability NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 94 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 94 5 inferred infer VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 6 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 94 7 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 8 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 94 9 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 94 10 estimated estimate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 11 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 94 13 Bayes Bayes NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 94 14 empirical empirical JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 94 15 Bayes Bayes NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 94 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 94 17 BEB BEB NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 94 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 94 19 approach approach NN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 20 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 94 21 takes take VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 94 22 sampling sampling NN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 23 errors error NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 94 24 into into IN cord-300883-rws11uel 94 25 account account NN cord-300883-rws11uel 95 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 95 2 Yang Yang NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 95 3 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 95 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 95 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 95 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 95 7 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 95 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 95 9 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 96 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 96 2 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 3 earlier early JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 96 4 studies study NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 96 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 96 6 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 96 7 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 96 8 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 96 9 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 96 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 96 11 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 96 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 96 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 96 14 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 15 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 96 16 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 17 based base VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 18 phylogeny phylogeny NN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 19 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 20 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 96 21 present present JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 96 22 study study NN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 23 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 96 24 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 96 25 revealed reveal VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 26 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 96 27 existence existence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 28 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 29 multiple multiple JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 96 30 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 96 31 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 96 32 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 96 33 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 97 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 97 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 97 3 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 97 4 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 97 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 97 6 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 98 1 All all DT cord-300883-rws11uel 98 2 four four CD cord-300883-rws11uel 98 3 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 98 4 showed show VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 98 5 some some DT cord-300883-rws11uel 98 6 degree degree NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 7 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 8 spatial spatial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 98 9 structure structure NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 10 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 98 11 however however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 98 12 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 98 13 few few JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 98 14 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 98 15 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 16 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 98 17 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 18 did do VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 98 19 not not RB cord-300883-rws11uel 98 20 show show VB cord-300883-rws11uel 98 21 any any DT cord-300883-rws11uel 98 22 spatial spatial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 98 23 structure structure NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 24 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 98 25 indicating indicate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 98 26 extensive extensive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 98 27 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 98 28 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 29 flow flow NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 30 across across IN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 31 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 98 32 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 98 33 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 34 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 98 35 given give VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 36 epidemic epidemic NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 37 season season NN cord-300883-rws11uel 98 38 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 99 1 Relatively relatively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 99 2 weak weak JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 99 3 temporal temporal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 99 4 structure structure NN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 5 across across IN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 6 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 99 7 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 99 8 further further RB cord-300883-rws11uel 99 9 suggested suggest VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 99 10 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 11 either either CC cord-300883-rws11uel 99 12 certain certain JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 99 13 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 99 14 can can MD cord-300883-rws11uel 99 15 remain remain VB cord-300883-rws11uel 99 16 stable stable JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 99 17 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 18 more more JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 99 19 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 20 one one CD cord-300883-rws11uel 99 21 epidemic epidemic NN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 22 season season NN cord-300883-rws11uel 99 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 99 24 e.g. e.g. RB cord-300883-rws11uel 99 25 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 99 26 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 99 27 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 99 28 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 99 29 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 99 30 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 99 31 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 99 32 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 99 33 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 100 1 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 100 2 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 100 3 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 100 4 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 100 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 100 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 100 7 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 100 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 100 9 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 100 10 mutations mutation NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 100 11 might may MD cord-300883-rws11uel 100 12 not not RB cord-300883-rws11uel 100 13 have have VB cord-300883-rws11uel 100 14 occurred occur VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 15 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 16 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 100 17 linear linear JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 100 18 fashion fashion NN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 19 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 20 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 100 21 preservation preservation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 22 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 23 changes change NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 100 24 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 100 25 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 100 26 circulating circulate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 100 27 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 100 28 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 100 29 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 101 1 Thus thus RB cord-300883-rws11uel 101 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 101 3 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 101 4 genotypes genotype NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 101 5 would would MD cord-300883-rws11uel 101 6 frequently frequently RB cord-300883-rws11uel 101 7 appear appear VB cord-300883-rws11uel 101 8 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 101 9 disappear disappear VB cord-300883-rws11uel 101 10 along along IN cord-300883-rws11uel 101 11 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 101 12 new new JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 101 13 mutations mutation NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 101 14 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 101 15 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 101 16 populations population NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 101 17 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 102 1 However however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 102 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 102 3 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 102 5 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 6 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 102 7 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 8 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 9 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 102 10 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 102 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 102 12 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 13 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 102 14 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 15 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 102 16 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 102 17 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 102 18 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 102 19 showed show VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 102 20 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 102 21 strong strong JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 102 22 correlation correlation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 23 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 24 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 102 25 accumulation accumulation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 26 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 27 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 102 28 divergence divergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 29 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 102 30 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 102 31 isolation isolation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 32 date date NN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 33 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 102 34 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 102 35 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 102 36 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 103 1 Based base VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 2 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 3 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 103 4 relaxed relaxed JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 103 5 clock clock NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 6 assumption assumption NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 7 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 103 8 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 103 9 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 103 10 rate rate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 11 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 12 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 103 13 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 103 14 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 15 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 16 hMPVs hMPVs NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 103 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 103 18 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 103 19 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 103 20 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 103 21 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 103 22 Table table NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 23 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 103 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 103 25 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 103 26 5.18 5.18 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 103 27 × × NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 28 10 10 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 103 29 −3 −3 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 30 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 103 31 6.49 6.49 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 103 32 × × NN cord-300883-rws11uel 103 33 10 10 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 104 1 −3 −3 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 104 2 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 104 3 / / SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 104 4 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 104 5 / / SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 104 6 year year NN cord-300883-rws11uel 104 7 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 104 8 respectively respectively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 104 9 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 105 1 Although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 2 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 105 3 rates rate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 4 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 5 compatible compatible JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 105 6 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 105 8 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 9 rates rate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 10 reported report VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 11 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 12 influenza influenza NN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 13 viruses virus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 105 15 Chen Chen NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 16 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 105 17 Holmes Holmes NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 18 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 105 19 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 105 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 105 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 105 22 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 105 23 rates rate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 24 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 25 higher high JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 105 26 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 27 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 105 28 estimates estimate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 29 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 105 30 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 105 32 Matheson Matheson NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 33 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 34 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 35 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 36 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 105 37 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 105 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 105 39 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 105 40 other other JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 105 41 paramyxoviruses paramyxovirus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 105 43 e.g. e.g. RB cord-300883-rws11uel 105 44 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 105 45 measles measle NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 105 46 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 105 47 Woelk Woelk NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 48 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 49 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 50 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 105 51 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 105 52 2002 2002 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 105 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 105 54 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 106 1 These these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 106 2 discrepancies discrepancy NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 106 3 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 106 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 106 5 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 106 6 rates rate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 106 7 could could MD cord-300883-rws11uel 106 8 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 106 9 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 106 10 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 106 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 106 12 differential differential JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 106 13 selective selective JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 106 14 pressures pressure NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 106 15 targeting target VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 106 16 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 106 17 genomic genomic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 106 18 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 106 19 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 107 1 For for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 2 example example NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 107 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 107 5 presence presence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 6 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 7 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 107 8 greater great JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 107 9 number number NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 10 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 11 adaptively adaptively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 107 12 evolved evolve VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 13 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 14 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 15 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 107 16 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 17 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 107 18 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 19 can can MD cord-300883-rws11uel 107 20 cause cause VB cord-300883-rws11uel 107 21 an an DT cord-300883-rws11uel 107 22 accelerated accelerate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 23 rate rate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 24 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 25 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 107 26 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 108 1 As as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 108 2 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 108 3 consequence consequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 108 4 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 108 5 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 108 6 overall overall JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 108 7 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 108 8 rate rate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 108 9 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 108 10 expected expect VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 108 11 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 108 12 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 108 13 higher high JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 108 14 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 109 1 Both both DT cord-300883-rws11uel 109 2 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 109 3 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 109 4 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 109 5 hMPVs hMPVs NNPS cord-300883-rws11uel 109 6 showed show VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 109 7 interesting interesting JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 109 8 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 109 9 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 109 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 109 11 Fig fig NN cord-300883-rws11uel 109 12 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 109 13 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 109 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 109 15 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 110 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 110 2 times time NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 110 3 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 110 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 110 5 most most RBS cord-300883-rws11uel 110 6 recent recent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 110 7 common common JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 110 8 ancestor ancestor NN cord-300883-rws11uel 110 9 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 110 10 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 110 11 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 12 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 110 13 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 14 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 110 15 49.452 49.452 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 110 17 29.08 29.08 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 18 - - SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 110 19 70.8 70.8 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 110 21 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 110 22 26.091 26.091 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 110 24 21 21 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 25 - - SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 110 26 36.651 36.651 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 110 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 110 28 years year NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 110 29 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 110 30 respectively respectively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 110 31 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 111 1 While while IN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 111 3 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 4 size size NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 5 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 6 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 7 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 111 8 recently recently RB cord-300883-rws11uel 111 9 declined decline VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 111 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 111 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 111 12 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 13 2 2 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 111 14 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 15 size size NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 16 did do VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 111 17 not not RB cord-300883-rws11uel 111 18 show show VB cord-300883-rws11uel 111 19 any any DT cord-300883-rws11uel 111 20 declining decline VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 111 21 trend trend NN cord-300883-rws11uel 111 22 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 112 1 This this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 112 2 contrast contrast NN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 3 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 112 5 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 6 size size NN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 7 could could MD cord-300883-rws11uel 112 8 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 112 9 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 10 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 11 fitness fitness NN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 12 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 13 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 112 14 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 112 15 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 113 1 Despite despite IN cord-300883-rws11uel 113 2 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 113 3 weak weak JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 113 4 temporal temporal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 113 5 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 113 6 spatial spatial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 113 7 structure structure NN cord-300883-rws11uel 113 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 113 9 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 113 10 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 113 11 belonging belong VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 113 12 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 113 13 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 113 14 1a 1a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 114 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 114 2 Australia Australia NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 4 Canada Canada NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 6 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 114 7 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 9 South South NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 10 Africa Africa NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 11 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 12 USA USA NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 14 Argentina Argentina NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 16 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 114 17 Japan Japan NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 114 19 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 114 20 1b 1b LS cord-300883-rws11uel 114 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 114 22 Canada Canada NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 23 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 24 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 114 25 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 26 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 27 South South NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 28 Africa Africa NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 29 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 30 USA USA NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 31 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 32 Japan Japan NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 33 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 34 China China NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 35 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 36 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 114 37 Argentina Argentina NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 114 39 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 40 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 114 41 wider wide JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 114 42 geographic geographic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 114 43 spread spread NN cord-300883-rws11uel 114 44 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 114 45 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 114 46 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 114 47 belonging belong VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 114 48 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 114 49 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 114 50 2a 2a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 114 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 114 52 Canada Canada NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 53 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 54 UK UK NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 55 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 56 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 114 57 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 58 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 59 USA USA NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 60 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 61 China China NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 62 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 114 63 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 114 64 South South NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 65 Africa Africa NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 114 66 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 114 67 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 114 68 2b 2b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 115 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 115 2 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 115 3 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 115 4 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 115 5 Canada Canada NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 115 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 115 7 USA USA NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 115 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 115 9 Peru Peru NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 115 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 115 11 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 115 12 Japan Japan NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 115 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 115 14 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 115 15 indicating indicate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 115 16 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 115 17 fitness fitness NN cord-300883-rws11uel 115 18 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 115 19 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 115 20 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 115 21 strains strain NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 115 22 might may MD cord-300883-rws11uel 115 23 have have VB cord-300883-rws11uel 115 24 Estimates estimate NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 115 25 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 115 26 relaxed relaxed JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 115 27 clock clock NN cord-300883-rws11uel 115 28 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 115 29 better well RBR cord-300883-rws11uel 115 30 fit fit JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 115 31 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 115 32 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 115 33 data datum NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 115 34 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 116 1 played play VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 116 2 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 116 3 crucial crucial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 116 4 role role NN cord-300883-rws11uel 116 5 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 116 6 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 116 7 uneven uneven JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 116 8 distribution distribution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 116 9 across across IN cord-300883-rws11uel 116 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 116 11 wide wide JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 116 12 geographic geographic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 116 13 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 116 14 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 117 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 117 2 extensive extensive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 117 3 polymorphisms polymorphism NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 117 4 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 5 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 117 6 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 7 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 8 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 117 9 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 10 may may MD cord-300883-rws11uel 117 11 have have VB cord-300883-rws11uel 117 12 resulted result VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 13 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 14 mutations mutation NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 117 15 occurring occur VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 117 16 during during IN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 17 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 18 propagation propagation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 19 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 20 cell cell NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 21 culture culture NN cord-300883-rws11uel 117 22 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 117 23 however however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 117 24 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 117 25 Peret Peret NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 117 26 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 117 27 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 117 28 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 118 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 118 2 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 118 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 118 4 reported report VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 118 5 identical identical JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 118 7 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 8 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 118 9 same same JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 10 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 11 strain strain NN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 12 after after IN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 13 multiple multiple JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 14 passages passage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 118 15 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 118 16 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 118 17 thus thus RB cord-300883-rws11uel 118 18 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 118 19 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 118 20 observed observed JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 21 variation variation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 22 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 23 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 118 24 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 25 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 118 26 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 27 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 28 hMPVs hmpvs CD cord-300883-rws11uel 118 29 due due IN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 30 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 118 31 multiple multiple JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 32 passages passage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 118 33 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 34 more more RBR cord-300883-rws11uel 118 35 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 118 36 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 119 1 However however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 119 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 119 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 119 4 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 119 5 unclear unclear JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 119 6 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 119 8 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 9 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 10 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 119 11 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 12 experienced experience VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 119 13 differential differential JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 119 14 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 15 pressures pressure NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 119 16 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 119 17 or or CC cord-300883-rws11uel 119 18 all all PDT cord-300883-rws11uel 119 19 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 119 20 deduced deduce VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 21 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 22 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 23 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 119 24 evolved evolve VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 119 25 due due JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 119 26 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 119 27 stochastic stochastic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 119 28 mutational mutational JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 119 29 processes process NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 119 30 ? ? . cord-300883-rws11uel 120 1 Sliding slide VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 120 2 window window NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 3 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 120 4 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 5 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 120 6 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 7 revealed reveal VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 120 8 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 9 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 120 11 majority majority NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 12 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 13 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 120 14 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 120 15 divergence divergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 16 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 120 17 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 120 18 corresponding correspond VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 120 19 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 120 20 divergence divergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 120 22 thus thus RB cord-300883-rws11uel 120 23 suggesting suggest VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 120 24 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 25 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 120 26 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 27 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 120 28 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 29 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 30 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 31 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 120 32 influenced influence VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 33 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 120 34 purifying purify VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 120 35 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 121 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 121 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 121 3 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 121 4 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 121 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 121 6 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 122 1 However however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 122 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 122 3 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 122 4 few few JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 122 5 coding code VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 122 6 regions region NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 122 7 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 8 all all PDT cord-300883-rws11uel 122 9 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 122 10 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 122 11 showed show VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 122 12 relatively relatively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 122 13 higher high JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 122 14 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 122 15 divergence divergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 16 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 17 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 122 18 divergence divergence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 19 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 122 20 therefore therefore RB cord-300883-rws11uel 122 21 indicating indicate VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 122 22 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 122 23 pervasive pervasive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 122 24 role role NN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 25 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 26 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 122 27 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 28 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 29 certain certain JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 122 30 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 31 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 122 32 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 122 33 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 123 1 To to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 123 2 identify identify VB cord-300883-rws11uel 123 3 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 123 4 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 123 5 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 123 6 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 123 7 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 123 8 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 123 9 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 123 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 123 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 123 12 performed perform VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 123 13 ML ml NN cord-300883-rws11uel 123 14 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 123 15 based base VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 123 16 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 123 17 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 123 18 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 123 19 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 124 1 Consistent consistent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 124 2 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 3 sliding slide VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 124 4 window window NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 5 results result NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 124 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 124 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 124 8 M0 m0 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 9 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 10 revealed reveal VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 124 11 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 124 13 average average JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 124 14 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 15 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 16 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 124 17 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 18 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 124 19 less less JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 124 20 than than IN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 21 one one CD cord-300883-rws11uel 124 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 124 23 Table Table NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 124 24 3 3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 124 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 124 26 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 124 27 thus thus RB cord-300883-rws11uel 124 28 suggesting suggest VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 124 29 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 124 30 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 31 experienced experience VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 124 32 purifying purify VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 124 33 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 124 34 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 125 1 However however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 125 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 3 comparison comparison NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 4 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 5 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 125 6 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 125 7 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 125 8 assume assume VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 125 9 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 125 10 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 125 12 M2a M2a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 125 13 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 14 M8 m8 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 125 16 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 17 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 125 18 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 125 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 125 20 M1a M1a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 125 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 22 M7 m7 NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 23 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 24 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 125 25 M8a M8a NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 125 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 125 27 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 125 28 assume assume VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 125 29 no no DT cord-300883-rws11uel 125 30 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 125 31 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 32 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 33 detected detect VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 34 approximately approximately RB cord-300883-rws11uel 125 35 6 6 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 36 % % NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 37 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 38 1.3 1.3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 39 % % NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 40 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 41 7.3 7.3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 42 % % NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 43 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 44 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 125 45 3 3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 46 % % NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 47 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 125 48 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 49 codons codon NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 125 50 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 51 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 52 1a 1a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 53 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 54 1b 1b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 55 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 56 2a 2a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 57 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 58 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 125 59 2b 2b NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 125 60 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 125 61 respectively respectively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 125 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 125 63 Table table NN cord-300883-rws11uel 125 64 3 3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 125 65 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 125 66 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 126 1 There there EX cord-300883-rws11uel 126 2 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 126 3 eight eight CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 4 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 126 5 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 6 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 126 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 126 8 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 9 93 93 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 10 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 11 105 105 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 12 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 13 106 106 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 14 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 15 154 154 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 16 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 17 158 158 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 18 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 19 171 171 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 20 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 21 173 173 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 22 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 23 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 126 24 188 188 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 126 26 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 27 posterior posterior JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 126 28 probability probability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 29 ≥0.95 ≥0.95 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 30 within within IN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 31 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 32 1a 1a NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 33 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 34 whereas whereas IN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 35 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 36 1b 1b CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 126 38 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 39 146 146 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 40 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 41 183 183 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 42 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 43 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 126 44 196 196 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 126 46 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 126 47 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 48 2a 2a CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 126 50 85 85 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 51 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 52 232 232 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 53 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 126 54 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 126 55 239 239 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 126 57 each each DT cord-300883-rws11uel 126 58 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 126 59 three three CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 60 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 126 61 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 62 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 126 63 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 64 posterior posterior JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 126 65 probability probability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 126 66 ≥0.95 ≥0.95 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 126 67 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 127 1 Lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 127 2 2b 2b NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 127 3 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 127 4 only only RB cord-300883-rws11uel 127 5 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 127 6 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 127 7 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 127 8 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 127 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 127 10 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 127 11 100 100 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 127 12 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 127 13 105 105 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 127 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 127 15 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 127 16 posterior posterior JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 127 17 probability probability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 127 18 ≥0.95 ≥0.95 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 127 19 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 128 1 Except except IN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 2 site site NN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 3 105 105 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 128 4 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 128 5 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 128 6 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 128 7 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 128 8 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 9 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 10 lineage lineage NN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 11 1a 1a NN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 12 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 128 13 2b 2b NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 128 14 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 128 15 none none NN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 16 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 17 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 128 18 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 128 19 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 20 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 128 21 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 128 22 overlapping overlap VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 128 23 among among IN cord-300883-rws11uel 128 24 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 128 25 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 128 26 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 129 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 129 2 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 129 3 unclear unclear JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 129 4 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 5 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 129 6 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 129 7 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 8 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 129 9 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 129 10 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 11 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 129 13 fitness fitness NN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 14 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 15 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 129 16 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 129 17 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 130 1 Research research NN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 2 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 3 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 4 antibodies antibody NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 130 5 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 6 shown show VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 7 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 8 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 130 9 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 10 F F NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 11 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 130 12 protein protein NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 13 carries carry VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 14 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 130 15 epitopes epitope NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 130 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 130 17 Skiadopoulos Skiadopoulos NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 18 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 19 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 20 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 21 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 130 22 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 130 23 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 130 24 Ulbrand Ulbrand NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 25 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 26 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 27 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 28 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 130 29 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 130 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 130 31 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 130 32 therefore therefore RB cord-300883-rws11uel 130 33 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 130 34 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 35 variation variation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 36 due due JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 37 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 38 immune immune JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 39 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 40 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 41 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 130 42 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 130 43 F F NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 44 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 130 45 protein protein NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 130 46 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 47 more more RBR cord-300883-rws11uel 130 48 likely likely JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 130 49 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 131 1 Although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 131 3 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 131 4 overall overall JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 131 5 excess excess NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 6 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 7 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 131 8 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 131 9 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 131 11 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 12 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 13 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 131 14 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 15 indicates indicate VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 131 16 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 17 host host NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 18 immune immune NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 19 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 20 might may MD cord-300883-rws11uel 131 21 not not RB cord-300883-rws11uel 131 22 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 131 23 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 131 24 dominant dominant JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 131 25 selective selective JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 131 26 force force NN cord-300883-rws11uel 131 27 , , . cord-300883-rws11uel 132 1 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 132 2 findings finding NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 132 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 4 several several JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 132 5 hotspots hotspot NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 132 6 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 7 nonsynonymous nonsynonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 132 8 substitutions substitution NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 132 9 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 10 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 132 11 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 12 suggests suggest VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 132 13 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 14 host host NN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 15 immune immune NN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 16 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 17 might may MD cord-300883-rws11uel 132 18 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 132 19 play play VB cord-300883-rws11uel 132 20 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 132 21 role role NN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 22 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 23 maintaining maintain VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 132 24 diversity diversity NN cord-300883-rws11uel 132 25 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 133 1 Recent recent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 133 2 study study NN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 3 has have VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 133 4 shown show VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 5 that that IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 6 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 133 7 majority majority NN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 8 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 9 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 133 10 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 133 11 epitopes epitope NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 133 12 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 13 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 133 14 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 133 15 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 16 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 133 17 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 18 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 133 19 strongly strongly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 133 20 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 21 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 22 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 133 23 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 24 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 133 25 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 133 26 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 133 27 some some DT cord-300883-rws11uel 133 28 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 29 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 133 30 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 133 31 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 32 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 133 33 correspond correspond VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 133 34 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 35 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 133 36 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 133 37 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 38 O o NN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 39 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 133 40 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 133 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 133 42 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 133 43 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 133 44 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 133 45 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 133 46 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 133 47 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 133 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 133 49 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 134 1 Like like IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 2 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 134 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 134 4 although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 5 all all PDT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 6 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 7 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 134 8 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 9 codons codon NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 134 10 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 11 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 12 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 13 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 134 14 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 15 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 134 16 located locate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 17 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 18 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 19 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 134 20 domain domain NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 21 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 134 22 some some DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 23 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 24 them -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 134 25 correspond correspond VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 134 26 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 27 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 134 28 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 29 O o NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 30 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 134 31 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 32 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 134 33 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 34 putative putative JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 134 35 role role NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 36 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 134 37 still still RB cord-300883-rws11uel 134 38 unclear unclear JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 134 39 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 40 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 41 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 134 42 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 43 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 134 44 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 134 45 as as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 46 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 134 47 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 48 some some DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 49 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 50 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 51 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 134 52 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 53 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 134 54 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 134 55 associated associate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 56 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 57 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 134 58 region region NN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 59 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 134 60 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 134 61 determinants determinant NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 134 62 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 135 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 135 2 intended intend VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 135 3 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 135 4 map map VB cord-300883-rws11uel 135 5 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 135 6 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 135 7 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 8 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 135 9 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 10 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 135 11 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 135 12 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 13 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 135 14 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 15 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 135 16 see see VB cord-300883-rws11uel 135 17 whether whether IN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 18 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 135 19 same same JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 135 20 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 135 21 were be VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 135 22 also also RB cord-300883-rws11uel 135 23 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 135 24 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 25 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 135 26 HRSV HRSV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 136 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 136 2 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 136 3 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 136 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 136 5 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 136 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 136 7 2004 2004 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 137 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 137 2 Zlateva Zlateva NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 137 3 et et FW cord-300883-rws11uel 137 4 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 137 5 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 138 1 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 138 2 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 138 3 2005 2005 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 138 4 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 138 5 however however RB cord-300883-rws11uel 138 6 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 138 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 138 8 predicted predict VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 138 9 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 138 10 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 138 11 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 138 12 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 138 13 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 138 14 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 138 15 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 138 16 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 138 17 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 138 18 viruses virus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 138 19 could could MD cord-300883-rws11uel 138 20 not not RB cord-300883-rws11uel 138 21 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 138 22 aligned align VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 139 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 139 2 van van NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 3 den den NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 4 Hoogen Hoogen NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 5 et et NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 6 al al NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 7 . . NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 8 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 139 9 2002 2002 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 139 10 ; ; : cord-300883-rws11uel 139 11 Kahn Kahn NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 139 12 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 139 13 2006 2006 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 139 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 139 15 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 140 1 Although although IN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 2 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 140 3 vast vast JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 140 4 majority majority NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 5 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 6 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 7 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 140 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 140 9 > > NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 140 10 95 95 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 140 11 % % NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 12 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 13 most most JJS cord-300883-rws11uel 140 14 cases case NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 140 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 140 16 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 140 17 shown show VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 18 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 140 19 have have VB cord-300883-rws11uel 140 20 been be VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 21 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 22 purifying purify VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 140 23 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 24 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 140 25 significantly significantly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 140 26 higher high JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 140 27 ω ω NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 28 values value NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 140 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 140 30 > > NFP cord-300883-rws11uel 140 31 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 140 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 140 33 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 34 certain certain JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 140 35 codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 36 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 140 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 140 38 Table Table NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 140 39 3 3 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 140 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 140 41 indicate indicate VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 140 42 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 140 43 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 44 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 45 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 140 46 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 47 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 140 48 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 49 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 140 50 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 140 51 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 141 1 Identification identification NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 2 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 3 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 141 4 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 141 5 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 6 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 7 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 8 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 141 9 would would MD cord-300883-rws11uel 141 10 help help VB cord-300883-rws11uel 141 11 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 12 better well JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 141 13 screening screening NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 14 using use VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 141 15 epitope epitope NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 16 mapping mapping NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 17 technology technology NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 18 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 141 19 identify identify VB cord-300883-rws11uel 141 20 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 141 21 localize localize VB cord-300883-rws11uel 141 22 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 141 23 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 141 24 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 141 25 can can MD cord-300883-rws11uel 141 26 be be VB cord-300883-rws11uel 141 27 recognized recognize VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 28 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 29 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 141 30 immune immune JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 141 31 system system NN cord-300883-rws11uel 141 32 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 142 1 Knowledge knowledge NN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 2 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 3 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 142 4 that that WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 142 5 have have VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 142 6 adaptively adaptively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 142 7 evolved evolve VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 8 can can MD cord-300883-rws11uel 142 9 greatly greatly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 142 10 cut cut VB cord-300883-rws11uel 142 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 142 12 cost cost NN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 13 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 14 these these DT cord-300883-rws11uel 142 15 screening screening NN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 16 processes process NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 142 17 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 142 18 thereby thereby RB cord-300883-rws11uel 142 19 help help VB cord-300883-rws11uel 142 20 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 21 developing develop VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 142 22 better well JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 142 23 immunization immunization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 142 24 techniques technique NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 142 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 142 26 Mes Mes NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 142 27 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 142 28 van van NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 142 29 Putten Putten NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 142 30 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 142 31 2007 2007 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 142 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 142 33 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 143 1 Genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 143 2 variability variability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 143 5 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 6 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 7 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 8 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 9 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 143 10 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 143 11 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 143 12 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 143 13 infection infection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 14 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 15 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 143 16 Canadian canadian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 143 17 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 18 Genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 143 19 diversity diversity NN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 20 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 143 21 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 143 22 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 143 23 subgroups subgroup NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 144 1 An an DT cord-300883-rws11uel 144 2 outbreak outbreak NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 4 severe severe JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 6 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 7 infection infection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 8 due due IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 9 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 10 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 11 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 12 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 13 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 144 14 long long JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 15 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 144 16 term term NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 17 care care NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 18 facility facility NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 19 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 144 20 metapneumovirusassociated metapneumovirusassociate VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 144 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 22 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 23 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 144 24 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 25 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 144 26 republic republic NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 27 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 28 Ireland Ireland NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 144 29 during during IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 30 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 144 31 influenza influenza NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 32 season season NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 33 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 34 Avian avian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 35 influenza influenza NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 36 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 144 37 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 38 rapid rapid JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 39 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 144 40 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 1 Comparative comparative JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 2 evaluation evaluation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 4 real real JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 5 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 145 6 time time NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 7 PCR PCR NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 8 assays assay NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 9 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 10 detection detection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 11 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 12 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 145 13 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 14 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 15 Relaxed relaxed JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 16 phylogenetics phylogenetic NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 17 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 145 18 dating date VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 145 19 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 20 confidence confidence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 21 Estimating estimating NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 22 mutation mutation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 23 parameters parameter NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 24 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 145 25 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 26 history history NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 27 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 145 28 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 145 29 genealogy genealogy NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 30 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-300883-rws11uel 145 31 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 32 temporally temporally RB cord-300883-rws11uel 145 33 spaced space VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 34 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 35 data data NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 36 Bayesian bayesian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 37 coalescent coalescent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 38 inference inference NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 39 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 40 past past JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 41 population population NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 42 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 43 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 44 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 45 sequences sequence NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 46 Comparison Comparison NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 47 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 48 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 145 49 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 50 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 51 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 52 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 53 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 145 54 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 55 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 56 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 57 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 58 Newer new JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 145 59 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 60 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 61 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 62 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 145 63 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 64 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 65 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 145 66 avian avian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 67 influenza influenza NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 68 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 145 69 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 145 70 coronaviruses coronaviruse VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 71 Genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 72 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 73 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 74 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 75 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 145 76 F F NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 77 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 78 genes gene NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 145 79 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 80 Argentinean argentinean JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 81 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 82 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 83 strains strain VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 84 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 85 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 86 Multi Multi NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 87 - - JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 88 year year JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 89 study study NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 90 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 91 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 92 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 93 infection infection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 94 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 95 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 145 96 large large JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 97 US US NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 145 98 midwestern midwestern JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 99 medical medical JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 145 100 referral referral NN cord-300883-rws11uel 145 101 center center NN cord-300883-rws11uel 146 1 A a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 146 2 simple simple JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 146 3 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 146 4 fast fast JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 146 5 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 146 6 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 146 7 accurate accurate JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 146 8 algorithm algorithm NN cord-300883-rws11uel 146 9 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 146 10 estimate estimate VB cord-300883-rws11uel 146 11 large large JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 146 12 phylogenies phylogeny NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 146 13 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 146 14 maximum maximum JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 146 15 likelihood likelihood NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 1 BioEdit bioedit NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 2 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 147 3 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 147 4 user user NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 5 friendly friendly JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 6 biological biological JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 7 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 8 alignment alignment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 9 editor editor NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 10 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 147 11 analyses analyse VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 12 program program NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 13 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 14 windows window NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 147 15 95/98 95/98 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 147 16 / / SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 147 17 N N NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 18 Development Development NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 19 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 147 20 validation validation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 21 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 22 an an DT cord-300883-rws11uel 147 23 enzyme enzyme NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 24 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 147 25 linked link VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 26 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 27 assay assay NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 28 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 29 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 30 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 31 serology serology NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 32 based base VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 33 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 34 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 147 35 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 36 viral viral JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 37 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 38 Nucleotide Nucleotide NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 39 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 40 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 41 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 42 histocompatibility histocompatibility NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 43 complex complex JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 44 class class NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 45 II ii CD cord-300883-rws11uel 147 46 loci locus NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 147 47 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 147 48 evidence evidence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 49 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 50 overdominant overdominant NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 51 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 52 High high JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 53 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 54 diversity diversity NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 55 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 56 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 147 57 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 147 59 G G NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 147 61 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 62 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 63 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 64 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 65 Epidemiology Epidemiology NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 66 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 67 human human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 68 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 69 MEGA3 MEGA3 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 70 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 147 71 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 147 72 : : SYM cord-300883-rws11uel 147 73 integrated integrated JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 74 software software NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 75 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 76 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 77 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 78 genetics genetics NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 79 analysis analysis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 80 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 147 81 sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 82 alignment alignment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 83 Seroepidemiology Seroepidemiology NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 84 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 85 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 86 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 87 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 147 88 hMPV hMPV NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 89 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 147 90 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 91 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 147 92 basis basis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 93 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 94 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 147 95 novel novel JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 96 enzyme enzyme NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 97 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 147 98 linked link VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 99 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 100 assay assay NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 101 utilizing utilize VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 147 102 hMPV hmpv NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 103 fusion fusion NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 104 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 105 expressed express VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 106 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 107 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 108 vesicular vesicular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 147 109 stomatitis stomatitis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 110 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 147 111 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 147 112 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 148 1 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 2 variability variability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 3 Molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 4 assays assay NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 148 5 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 6 detection detection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 7 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 8 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 9 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 148 10 Mesquite Mesquite NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 148 11 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 148 12 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 148 13 modular modular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 14 system system NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 15 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 16 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 17 analysis analysis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 18 Real real JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 19 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 148 20 time time NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 21 reverse reverse NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 22 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 23 PCR pcr NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 24 assay assay NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 25 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 26 detection detection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 27 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 28 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 29 metapneumoviruses metapneumoviruse NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 148 30 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 31 all all DT cord-300883-rws11uel 148 32 known know VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 148 33 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 148 34 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 149 1 Distinct distinct JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 2 patterns pattern NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 149 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 4 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 5 between between IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 7 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 8 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 9 subgroups subgroup VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 10 A a VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 11 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 149 12 B b NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 13 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 14 New New NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 15 Zealland Zealland NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 16 isolates isolate VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 17 collected collect VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 18 over over IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 19 thirty thirty CD cord-300883-rws11uel 149 20 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 149 21 seven seven CD cord-300883-rws11uel 149 22 years year NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 149 23 Positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 149 24 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 25 codons codon NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 149 26 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 27 immuneexposed immuneexpose VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 28 loops loop NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 149 29 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 30 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 149 31 vaccine vaccine NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 32 candidate candidate NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 33 OMP OMP NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 34 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 149 35 P1 P1 NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 36 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 37 Haemophilus Haemophilus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 38 influenzae influenzae NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 39 Sequence sequence NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 40 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 41 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 42 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 149 43 predicted predict VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 44 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 45 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 46 G G NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 47 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 48 Modeltest Modeltest NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 49 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 149 50 testing test VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 149 51 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 149 52 model model NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 53 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 54 DNA dna NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 55 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 56 Tracer Tracer NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 57 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 58 1 1 CD cord-300883-rws11uel 149 59 Characterization characterization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 60 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 61 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 62 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 149 63 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 149 64 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 149 65 Israel Israel NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 66 DnaSP DnaSP NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 149 67 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 150 1 DNA dna NN cord-300883-rws11uel 150 2 polymorphism polymorphism NN cord-300883-rws11uel 150 3 analyses analysis NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 150 4 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 150 5 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 150 6 coalescent coalescent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 150 7 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 150 8 other other JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 150 9 methods method NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 151 1 The the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 2 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 151 3 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 4 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 5 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 6 genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 7 lineages lineage NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 151 8 are be VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 151 9 highly highly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 151 10 related relate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 11 antigenically antigenically RB cord-300883-rws11uel 151 12 , , , cord-300883-rws11uel 151 13 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 151 14 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 15 fusion fusion NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 151 17 F F NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 151 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 151 19 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 20 is be VBZ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 21 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 22 major major JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 23 contributor contributor NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 24 to to IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 25 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 26 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 27 relatedness relatedness NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 28 Human Human NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 151 29 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 151 30 as as IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 31 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 32 cause cause NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 33 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 34 community community NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 35 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 151 36 acquired acquire VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 38 illness illness NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 39 Pervasive pervasive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 40 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 41 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 42 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 43 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 44 fertilization fertilization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 45 proteins protein NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 151 46 Natural natural JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 47 history history NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 48 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 49 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 50 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 51 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 52 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 53 inferred infer VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 54 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 55 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 56 analysis analysis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 57 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 58 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 59 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 60 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 151 61 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 151 63 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 64 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 65 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 66 60-nucleotide 60-nucleotide CD cord-300883-rws11uel 151 67 duplication duplication NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 68 Isolation isolation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 69 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 151 70 characterization characterization NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 71 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 72 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 73 antibodies antibody NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 151 74 which which WDT cord-300883-rws11uel 151 75 neutralize neutralize VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 151 76 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 151 77 metapneumovirus metapneumovirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 78 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 79 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 80 vitro vitro FW cord-300883-rws11uel 151 81 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 151 82 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 151 83 vivo vivo NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 1 A a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 152 2 newly newly RB cord-300883-rws11uel 152 3 discovered discover VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 4 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 5 pneumovirus pneumovirus NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 152 6 isolated isolate VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 7 from from IN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 8 young young JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 9 children child NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 152 10 with with IN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 12 tract tract NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 13 disease disease NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 14 Increased increase VBD cord-300883-rws11uel 152 15 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 16 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 17 pressure pressure NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 18 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 19 persistent persistent JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 152 21 SSPE SSPE NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 152 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-300883-rws11uel 152 23 versus versus IN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 24 acute acute JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 25 measles measle NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 152 26 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 27 infections infection NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 152 28 Data Data NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 152 29 analysis analysis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 30 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 31 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 152 32 biology biology NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 33 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 152 34 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 152 35 DAMBE DAMBE NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 152 36 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 153 1 Data data NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 2 analysis analysis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 3 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 4 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 153 5 biology biology NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 6 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 153 7 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 8 PAML PAML NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 153 9 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 153 10 a a DT cord-300883-rws11uel 153 11 program program NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 12 package package NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 13 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 14 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 153 15 analysis analysis NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 16 by by IN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 17 maximum maximum JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 153 18 likelihood likelihood NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 19 Codon codon NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 20 - - HYPH cord-300883-rws11uel 153 21 substitution substitution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 22 models model NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 153 23 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 24 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 153 25 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 26 pressures pressure NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 153 27 at at IN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 28 amino amino NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 29 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 153 30 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 154 1 Bayes Bayes NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 154 2 empirical empirical JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 154 3 bayes bayes NN cord-300883-rws11uel 154 4 inference inference NN cord-300883-rws11uel 154 5 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 154 6 amino amino JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 154 7 acid acid NN cord-300883-rws11uel 154 8 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 154 9 under under IN cord-300883-rws11uel 154 10 positive positive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 154 11 selection selection NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 1 Adaptive adaptive JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 2 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 3 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 4 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 155 5 spike spike NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 6 gene gene NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 7 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 155 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 10 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 155 11 changes change NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 155 12 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 13 positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 155 14 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 15 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 155 16 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 17 different different JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 18 epidemic epidemic NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 19 groups group NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 155 20 Genetic genetic JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 21 variability variability NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 22 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 155 23 molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 24 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 25 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 26 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 155 27 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 29 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 30 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 31 subgroup subgroup NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 32 B b NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 33 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 34 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 35 protein protein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 36 Molecular molecular JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 37 evolution evolution NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 38 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 155 39 circulation circulation NN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 40 patterns pattern NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 155 41 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 155 42 human human JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 43 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 44 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 155 45 virus virus NN cord-300883-rws11uel 156 1 subgroup subgroup RB cord-300883-rws11uel 156 2 A A NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 156 3 : : : cord-300883-rws11uel 156 4 Positively positively RB cord-300883-rws11uel 156 5 selected select VBN cord-300883-rws11uel 156 6 sites site NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 156 7 in in IN cord-300883-rws11uel 156 8 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 156 9 attachment attachment NN cord-300883-rws11uel 156 10 G g NN cord-300883-rws11uel 156 11 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 2 thank thank VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 3 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 157 4 University University NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 5 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 6 Tulsa Tulsa NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 7 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 8 providing provide VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 157 9 facilities facility NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 157 10 to to TO cord-300883-rws11uel 157 11 carry carry VB cord-300883-rws11uel 157 12 out out RP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 13 this this DT cord-300883-rws11uel 157 14 work work NN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 15 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 157 16 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 17 Peggy Peggy NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 18 S.M. S.M. NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 19 Hill Hill NNP cord-300883-rws11uel 157 20 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 21 editing editing NN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 22 and and CC cord-300883-rws11uel 157 23 comments comment NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 157 24 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 25 improving improve VBG cord-300883-rws11uel 157 26 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 157 27 manuscript manuscript NN cord-300883-rws11uel 157 28 . . . cord-300883-rws11uel 158 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-300883-rws11uel 158 2 thank thank VBP cord-300883-rws11uel 158 3 two two CD cord-300883-rws11uel 158 4 anonymous anonymous JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 158 5 reviewers reviewer NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 158 6 for for IN cord-300883-rws11uel 158 7 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 158 8 helpful helpful JJ cord-300883-rws11uel 158 9 comments comment NNS cord-300883-rws11uel 158 10 on on IN cord-300883-rws11uel 158 11 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 158 12 earlier early JJR cord-300883-rws11uel 158 13 version version NN cord-300883-rws11uel 158 14 of of IN cord-300883-rws11uel 158 15 the the DT cord-300883-rws11uel 158 16 manuscript manuscript NN cord-300883-rws11uel 158 17 . . .