id sid tid token lemma pos work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 1 Accelerating accelerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 3 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 5 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 6 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 7 computing compute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 8 Accelerating accelerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 10 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 11 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 12 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 13 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 14 computing compute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 15 Rory Rory NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 16 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 18 Eibe Eibe NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 19 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 20 Department Department NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 21 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 22 Computer Computer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 23 Science Science NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 25 University University NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 27 Waikato Waikato NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 28 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 29 Hamilton Hamilton NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 31 New New NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 32 Zealand Zealand NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 33 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 34 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 35 present present VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 36 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 37 CUDA cuda NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 38 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 39 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 40 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 41 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 42 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 43 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 44 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 45 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 46 algorithm algorithm RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 47 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 48 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 49 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 50 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 51 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 52 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 1 53 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 3 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 4 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 6 executed execute VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 7 entirely entirely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 8 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 10 graphics graphic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 11 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 12 unit unit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 13 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 14 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 16 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 17 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 18 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 19 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 20 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 21 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 22 variety variety NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 24 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 26 settings setting NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 27 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 28 including include VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 29 sparse sparse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 30 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 31 matrices matrix NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 2 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 1 Individual individual JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 2 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 3 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 5 parallelised parallelise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 7 combining combine VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 8 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 9 approaches approach NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 3 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 1 An an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 2 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 3 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 7 shallow shallow JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 8 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 10 switching switch VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 11 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 13 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 14 conventional conventional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 15 radix radix NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 16 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 17 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 18 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 19 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 21 larger large JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 22 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 4 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 2 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 3 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 5 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 6 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 7 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 9 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 10 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 11 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 13 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 14 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 15 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 17 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 18 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 19 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 20 i7 i7 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 21 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 22 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 24 1.2 1.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 25 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 26 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 28 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 29 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 30 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 31 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 32 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 33 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 34 Xeon Xeon NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 35 CPUs cpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 36 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 37 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 38 cores core NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 39 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 5 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 2 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 3 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 4 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 6 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 7 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 8 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 10 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 11 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 12 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 13 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 14 million million CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 15 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 17 28 28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 18 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 19 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 20 entirely entirely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 21 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 22 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 23 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 6 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 4 made make VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 5 available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 6 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 8 plug plug NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 9 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 10 in in NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 11 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 13 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 14 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 16 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 17 supports support VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 18 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 19 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 20 features feature VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 21 including include VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 22 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 24 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 26 ranking rank VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 27 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 7 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 1 Subjects Subjects NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 2 Artificial Artificial NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 3 Intelligence Intelligence NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 5 Data Data NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 6 Mining Mining NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 8 Machine Machine NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 9 Learning Learning NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 11 Data Data NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 12 Science Science NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 13 Keywords Keywords NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 14 Supervised supervise VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 15 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 16 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 18 Gradient Gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 19 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 21 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 22 computing compute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 23 INTRODUCTION introduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 24 Gradient Gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 25 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 26 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 27 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 28 important important JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 29 tool tool NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 30 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 32 field field NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 33 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 34 supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 35 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 36 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 37 providing provide VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 38 state state NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 39 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 40 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 41 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 42 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 43 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 44 art art NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 45 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 46 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 47 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 48 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 49 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 50 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 51 ranking rank VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 52 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 8 53 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 1 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 3 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 4 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 7 generalised generalise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 8 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 9 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 10 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 11 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 12 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 13 become become VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 15 tool tool NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 17 choice choice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 19 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 20 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 21 competitions competition NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 9 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 3 due due JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 4 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 5 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 6 excellent excellent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 7 predictive predictive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 8 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 10 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 11 optimised optimised JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 12 multicore multicore NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 14 distributed distribute VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 15 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 16 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 19 ability ability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 20 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 21 handle handle VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 22 sparse sparse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 23 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 10 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 1 Despite despite IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 2 good good JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 3 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 4 relative relative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 6 existing exist VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 7 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 8 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 9 implementations implementation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 11 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 12 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 13 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 14 very very RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 15 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 16 consuming consume VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 17 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 18 run run VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 11 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 1 Common common JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 2 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 4 take take VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 5 hours hour NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 6 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 7 even even RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 8 days day NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 10 complete complete VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 12 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 1 Building build VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 2 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 3 accurate accurate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 4 models model NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 5 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 6 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 7 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 8 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 9 requires require VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 10 extensive extensive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 11 parameter parameter NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 12 tuning tuning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 13 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 3 process process NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 6 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 7 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 8 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 9 run run VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 10 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 11 times time NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 13 explore explore VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 15 effect effect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 17 parameters parameter NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 18 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 19 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 21 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 22 rate rate NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 24 L1 L1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 25 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 26 L2 l2 JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 27 regularisation regularisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 28 terms term NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 29 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 30 cross cross NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 31 validation validation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 32 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 14 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 2 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 3 describes describe VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 5 evaluates evaluate VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 7 graphics graphic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 8 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 9 unit unit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 11 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 13 algorithm algorithm VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 14 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 15 accelerating accelerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 16 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 17 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 18 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 19 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 20 individual individual JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 21 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 22 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 23 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 25 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 26 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 27 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 28 setting setting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 15 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 1 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 2 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 3 been be VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 4 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 5 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 6 accelerate accelerate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 7 compute compute NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 8 intensive intensive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 9 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 11 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 12 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 14 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 15 other other JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 16 fields field NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 17 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 19 utilisation utilisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 21 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 22 specialised specialise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 23 SIMD simd NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 24 architecture architecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 25 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 26 Coates Coates NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 27 et et FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 28 al al NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 29 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 31 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 32 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 33 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 34 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 35 Grimshaw Grimshaw NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 36 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 37 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 38 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 16 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 1 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 2 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 3 accelerated accelerate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 4 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 5 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 6 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 7 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 8 been be VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 9 tried try VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 10 before before RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 11 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 12 moderate moderate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 13 success success NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 17 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 2 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 3 contributions contribution NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 5 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 6 follows follow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 18 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 2 describe describe VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 4 completely completely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 5 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 6 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 7 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 8 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 9 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 10 scales scale VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 11 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 12 arbitrary arbitrary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 13 numbers number NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 15 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 16 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 18 exhibits exhibit VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 19 stable stable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 20 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 21 characteristics characteristic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 22 How how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 24 cite cite VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 25 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 26 article article NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 27 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 28 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 29 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 30 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 31 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 32 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 33 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 34 Accelerating accelerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 36 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 37 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 38 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 39 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 40 computing compute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 19 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 20 1 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 20 2 Comput comput NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 20 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 21 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 21 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 1 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 3 e127 e127 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 4 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 5 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 6 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 7 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 8 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 9 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 10 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 11 Submitted submit VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 12 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 13 April April NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 14 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 15 Accepted accept VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 16 27 27 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 17 June June NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 18 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 19 Published publish VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 20 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 21 July July NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 22 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 23 Corresponding Corresponding NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 24 authors author NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 25 Rory Rory NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 26 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 27 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 28 ramitchellnz@gmail.com ramitchellnz@gmail.com ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 29 Eibe Eibe NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 30 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 31 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 32 eibe@cs.waikato.ac.nz eibe@cs.waikato.ac.nz JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 33 Academic academic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 34 editor editor NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 35 Charles Charles NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 36 Elkan Elkan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 37 Additional Additional NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 38 Information Information NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 39 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 40 Declarations declaration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 41 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 42 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 43 found find VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 44 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 45 page page NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 46 36 36 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 47 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 48 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 49 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 50 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 51 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 52 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 53 Copyright Copyright NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 54 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 55 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 56 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 57 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 58 Distributed distribute VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 59 under under IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 60 Creative Creative NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 61 Commons Commons NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 62 CC CC NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 63 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 64 BY BY NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 65 4.0 4.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 66 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 67 mailto mailto NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 68 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 69 ramitchellnz@ ramitchellnz@ PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 70 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 71 gmail. gmail. NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 72 � � HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 73 com com NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 74 mailto mailto NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 75 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 76 eibe@ eibe@ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 77 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 78 cs. cs. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 79 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 80 waikato. waikato. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 81 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 82 ac. ac. NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 83 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 84 nz nz CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 85 https://peerj.com/academic-boards/editors/ https://peerj.com/academic-boards/editors/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 86 https://peerj.com/academic-boards/editors/ https://peerj.com/academic-boards/editors/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 87 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 88 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 89 http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 90 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 91 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 92 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 93 range range NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 94 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 95 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 96 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 97 settings setting NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 22 98 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 2 experiment experiment VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 3 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 4 novel novel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 5 approaches approach NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 6 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 7 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 8 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 9 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 11 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 12 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 13 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 15 develop develop VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 17 massively massively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 18 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 19 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 20 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 21 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 22 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 23 natively natively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 24 handles handle VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 25 sparse sparse VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 26 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 23 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 2 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 3 provide provide VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 5 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 6 complete complete JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 7 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 9 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 11 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 13 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 15 rank rank NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 16 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 17 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 19 open open JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 20 source source NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 21 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 22 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 23 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 24 https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 25 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 24 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 1 BACKGROUND background VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 2 AND and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 3 RELATED relate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 4 WORK work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 5 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 6 review review VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 8 basic basic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 9 strategy strategy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 11 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 12 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 13 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 14 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 15 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 16 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 17 revisit revisit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 19 derivation derivation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 22 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 23 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 25 before before IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 26 considering consider VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 27 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 28 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 29 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 30 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 31 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 32 architecture architecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 33 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 34 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 35 as as RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 36 well well RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 37 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 38 languages language NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 39 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 40 libraries library NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 41 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 42 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 43 computing computing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 25 44 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 3 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 4 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 5 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 6 makes make VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 7 extensive extensive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 8 use use NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 10 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 11 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 12 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 13 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 14 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 16 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 17 discuss discuss VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 18 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 19 next next JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 26 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 2 briefly briefly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 3 discuss discuss VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 5 effect effect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 7 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 8 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 9 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 10 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 11 floating floating JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 12 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 13 arithmetic arithmetic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 14 before before IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 15 reviewing review VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 16 related related JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 17 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 18 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 19 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 20 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 21 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 22 induction induction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 24 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 25 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 26 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 27 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 27 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 1 Tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 2 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 3 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 4 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 7 supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 8 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 9 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 10 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 11 implements implement VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 13 process process NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 14 called call VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 15 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 17 yield yield VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 18 accurate accurate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 19 models model NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 28 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 1 Supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 2 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 3 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 4 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 6 task task NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 8 inferring infer VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 10 predictive predictive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 11 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 12 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 14 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 16 labelled label VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 17 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 18 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 29 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 2 predictive predictive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 3 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 5 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 6 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 7 applied apply VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 9 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 10 unseen unseen JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 11 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 30 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 2 inputs input NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 3 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 5 algorithm algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 6 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 7 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 9 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 10 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 11 ð ð NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 12 ~ ~ NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 13 x0 x0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 14 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 15 y0Þ y0Þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 16 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 17 ð ð LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 18 ~ ~ SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 19 x1 x1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 20 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 21 y1Þ y1Þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 22 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 23 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 24 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 25 ð ð NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 26 ~ ~ NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 27 xn xn XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 28 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 29 ynÞ ynþ UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 30 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 31 ~x ~x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 32 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 33 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 34 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 35 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 36 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 37 describing describe VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 38 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 39 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 40 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 41 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 42 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 43 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 44 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 31 45 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 1 Supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 2 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 5 thought think VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 8 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 10 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 11 Fð Fð NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 12 ~ ~ NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 13 xÞ xÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 14 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 15 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 16 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 17 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 18 correctly correctly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 19 label label VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 20 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 21 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 22 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 32 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 1 Supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 2 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 3 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 7 solve solve VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 8 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 9 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 10 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 11 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 33 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 2 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 3 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 5 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 6 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 7 takes take VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 9 discrete discrete JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 11 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 13 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 34 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 2 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 5 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 6 wish wish VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 7 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 8 predict predict VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 9 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 11 manufacturing manufacturing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 12 defect defect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 13 occurs occur VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 14 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 15 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 16 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 17 occur occur VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 18 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 19 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 20 attributes attribute NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 21 recorded record VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 22 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 24 manufacturing manufacturing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 25 process process NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 26 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 27 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 28 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 29 temperature temperature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 30 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 31 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 32 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 33 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 34 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 35 represented represent VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 36 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 37 ~x ~x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 35 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 2 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 3 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 5 target target NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 6 label label NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 7 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 8 takes take VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 10 continuous continuous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 11 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 36 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 3 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 4 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 5 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 6 frame frame VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 8 problem problem NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 9 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 11 predicting predict VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 12 temperature temperature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 13 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 14 humidity humidity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 15 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 17 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 18 day day NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 37 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 1 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 3 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 4 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 5 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 7 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 9 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 10 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 38 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 1 Boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 2 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 3 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 5 ensemble ensemble JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 6 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 7 technique technique NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 9 building build VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 10 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 11 models model NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 12 sequentially sequentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 14 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 15 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 16 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 17 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 18 attempting attempt VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 19 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 20 correct correct VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 21 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 23 deficiencies deficiency NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 24 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 26 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 27 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 39 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 3 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 4 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 5 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 6 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 7 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 9 added add VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 10 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 12 ensemble ensemble NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 13 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 15 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 16 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 40 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 2 explain explain VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 3 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 4 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 5 construct construct VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 7 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 9 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 11 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 12 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 13 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 14 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 15 extended extend VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 17 generalised generalise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 18 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 19 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 20 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 22 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 23 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 41 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 1 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 2 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 3 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 4 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 5 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 8 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 10 predictive predictive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 11 modelling modelling NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 12 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 13 learns learn VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 15 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 16 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 17 repeatedly repeatedly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 18 splitting splitting JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 19 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 22 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 23 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 24 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 25 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 26 called call VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 27 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 28 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 29 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 30 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 31 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 32 criteria criterion NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 42 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 1 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 3 inducers inducer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 5 supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 6 learners learner NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 7 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 8 accept accept VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 9 labelled label VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 10 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 11 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 12 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 13 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 14 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 16 generate generate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 17 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 18 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 19 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 20 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 21 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 22 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 24 predict predict VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 26 labels label NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 27 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 28 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 29 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 43 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 44 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 10 2/37 2/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 11 https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 13 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 14 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 15 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 17 construct construct VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 19 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 20 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 21 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 22 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 23 start start VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 24 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 26 full full JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 27 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 28 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 29 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 30 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 31 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 32 evaluate evaluate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 33 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 34 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 35 ways way NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 36 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 37 creating create VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 38 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 39 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 40 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 41 among among IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 42 those those DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 43 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 44 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 45 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 46 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 47 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 48 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 49 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 50 ~x ~x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 45 51 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 2 choose choose VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 4 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 5 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 6 produces produce VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 8 most most RBS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 9 meaningful meaningful JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 10 separation separation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 13 target target NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 14 label label NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 46 15 y. y. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 1 Different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 2 measures measure NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 7 evaluate evaluate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 9 quality quality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 12 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 47 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 1 After after IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 2 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 4 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 5 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 6 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 7 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 9 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 10 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 11 create create VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 13 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 16 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 17 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 18 partitions partition VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 19 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 20 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 21 down down IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 23 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 24 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 25 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 26 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 27 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 28 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 29 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 30 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 31 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 48 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 2 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 4 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 5 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 6 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 7 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 8 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 9 recursively recursively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 10 split split VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 12 continue continue VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 13 growing grow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 15 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 17 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 18 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 19 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 20 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 21 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 23 quality quality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 24 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 26 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 27 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 28 below below IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 29 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 30 threshold threshold NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 49 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 2 leaves leave NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 5 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 6 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 7 contain contain VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 8 predictions prediction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 11 target target NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 12 label label NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 50 13 y. y. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 2 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 3 labels label NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 6 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 7 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 8 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 9 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 12 majority majority NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 13 class class NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 14 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 16 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 17 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 18 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 19 end end VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 20 up up RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 21 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 22 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 23 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 51 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 2 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 3 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 6 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 7 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 8 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 9 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 10 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 11 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 13 mean mean NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 16 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 17 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 19 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 20 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 52 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 1 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 2 use use VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 4 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 6 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 8 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 9 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 10 input input VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 11 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 12 unlabelled unlabelled JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 13 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 14 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 16 root root NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 19 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 21 follow follow VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 23 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 24 rules rule NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 25 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 26 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 27 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 28 reaches reach VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 29 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 30 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 53 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 2 unlabelled unlabelled JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 3 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 6 labelled label VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 7 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 10 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 12 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 13 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 54 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 1 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 6 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 7 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 8 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 9 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 10 predict predict VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 11 whether whether IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 12 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 13 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 14 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 15 individual individual NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 16 owns own VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 17 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 18 house house NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 55 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 2 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 4 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 5 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 6 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 7 age age NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 9 whether whether IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 10 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 11 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 12 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 13 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 15 job job NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 56 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 3 correctly correctly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 4 classifies classify VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 5 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 6 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 7 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 8 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 9 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 57 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 1 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 3 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 4 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 5 expand expand VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 6 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 7 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 9 root root NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 12 greedy greedy JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 13 manner manner NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 15 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 17 maximise maximise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 18 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 19 criterion criterion NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 20 measuring measure VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 22 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 25 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 58 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 2 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 4 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 5 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 6 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 7 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 9 C4.5 C4.5 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 10 family family NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 11 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 12 Quinlan Quinlan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 14 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 17 designed design VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 18 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 19 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 21 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 22 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 23 Example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 24 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 25 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 59 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 60 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 60 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 60 3 Example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 60 4 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 60 5 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 60 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 2 Age Age NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 3 Has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 4 job job NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 5 Owns Owns NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 6 house house NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 7 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 8 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 9 N N NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 10 N n CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 12 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 13 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 14 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 15 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 16 25 25 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 17 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 18 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 19 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 20 48 48 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 21 N n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 22 N n CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 23 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 24 67 67 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 25 N n CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 26 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 27 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 28 18 18 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 29 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 30 N N NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 31 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 32 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 33 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 34 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 35 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 36 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 37 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 38 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 39 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 61 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 10 3/37 3/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 13 use use VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 14 information information NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 15 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 16 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 18 split split JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 19 criterion criterion NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 62 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 1 Information information NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 2 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 3 describes describe VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 5 change change NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 7 entropy entropy JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 8 H h NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 9 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 10 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 11 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 12 state state NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 13 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 15 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 16 state state NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 63 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 1 Entropy Entropy NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 3 defined define VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 4 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 5 HðTÞ HðTÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 6 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 7 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 8 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 9 y2Y y2Y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 10 PðyÞlogbPðyÞ PðyÞlogbPðyÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 11 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 12 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 13 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 15 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 17 labelled label VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 18 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 19 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 21 y y LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 22 ∈ ∈ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 23 Y Y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 24 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 25 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 26 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 27 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 28 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 29 P(y P(y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 30 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 31 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 33 probability probability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 34 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 35 drawing draw VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 36 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 37 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 38 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 39 label label NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 40 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 41 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 42 T. T. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 43 Information Information NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 44 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 45 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 46 defined define VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 47 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 48 IGðT IGðT NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 49 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 50 Tleft Tleft NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 51 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 52 TrightÞ TrightÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 53 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 54 HT HT NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 55 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 56 ðnleft ðnleft NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 57 = = -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 58 ntotalÞ ntotalÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 59 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 60 HðTleftÞ HðTleftÞ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 61 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 62 ðnright ðnright NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 63 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 64 ntotalÞ ntotalÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 65 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 66 HðTrightÞ hðtrightþ RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 67 Here here RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 68 Tleft Tleft NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 69 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 70 Tright Tright NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 71 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 72 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 73 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 74 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 75 T t NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 76 created create VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 77 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 78 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 79 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 80 rule rule NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 64 81 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 1 ntotal ntotal NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 3 nleft nleft JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 5 nright nright NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 6 refer refer VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 7 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 9 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 11 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 12 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 14 respective respective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 15 sets set NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 65 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 1 Many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 2 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 3 criteria criterion NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 4 exist exist VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 6 evaluating evaluate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 8 quality quality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 11 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 66 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 1 Any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 2 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 6 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 7 produces produce VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 8 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 9 meaningful meaningful JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 10 separation separation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 13 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 14 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 15 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 16 respect respect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 19 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 20 being be VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 21 predicted predict VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 67 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 2 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 3 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 4 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 6 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 7 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 8 maximises maximise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 9 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 10 criterion criterion NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 12 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 13 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 14 enumerate enumerate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 15 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 16 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 17 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 18 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 20 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 21 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 22 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 23 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 24 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 68 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 3 case case NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 5 numerical numerical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 6 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 8 assuming assume VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 10 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 11 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 12 been be VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 13 sorted sort VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 15 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 16 enumeration enumeration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 17 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 18 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 19 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 21 O(nm o(nm RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 22 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 23 steps step NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 25 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 26 n n PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 27 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 29 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 31 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 32 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 33 m m NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 34 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 36 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 37 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 38 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 69 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 2 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 4 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 5 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 6 left leave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 7 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 8 right right NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 11 sorted sorted JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 12 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 14 maintaining maintain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 16 running run VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 17 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 19 labels label NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 20 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 22 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 23 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 25 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 26 calculation calculation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 70 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 2 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 3 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 4 consider consider VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 6 case case NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 8 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 9 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 11 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 12 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 13 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 14 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 15 encodes encode VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 16 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 17 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 18 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 19 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 20 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 21 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 22 hot hot JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 23 encoding encoding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 24 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 25 transforms transform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 26 them -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 27 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 28 numerical numerical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 29 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 71 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 1 Another another DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 2 consideration consideration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 3 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 4 building build VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 5 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 6 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 8 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 10 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 11 regularisation regularisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 13 prevent prevent VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 14 overfitting overfitting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 72 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 1 Overfitting overfitte VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 2 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 3 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 4 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 5 leads lead VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 6 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 7 poor poor JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 8 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 9 generalisation generalisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 11 poor poor JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 12 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 13 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 14 test test NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 15 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 73 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 3 sufficiently sufficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 4 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 5 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 6 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 7 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 9 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 10 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 11 generate generate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 12 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 13 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 14 rules rule NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 16 every every DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 17 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 20 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 21 set set VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 22 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 23 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 24 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 25 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 26 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 27 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 28 correctly correctly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 29 labelled label VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 74 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 2 results result VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 4 100 100 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 5 % % NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 6 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 7 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 9 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 10 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 11 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 12 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 13 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 14 poorly poorly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 15 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 16 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 17 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 75 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 3 reason reason NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 4 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 6 necessary necessary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 7 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 8 limit limit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 10 growth growth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 13 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 14 during during IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 15 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 16 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 17 apply apply VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 18 pruning pruning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 19 after after IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 20 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 76 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 1 Gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 2 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 3 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 4 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 5 produce produce VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 6 interpretable interpretable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 7 models model NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 8 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 9 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 10 useful useful JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 11 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 13 variety variety NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 15 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 17 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 18 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 19 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 20 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 21 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 22 considerably considerably RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 23 improved improve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 24 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 25 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 26 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 27 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 28 combined combine VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 29 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 30 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 31 ensemble ensemble JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 32 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 77 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 2 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 4 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 5 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 6 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 7 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 9 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 10 classified classify VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 12 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 13 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 14 test test VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 15 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 16 against against IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 17 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 18 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 19 built build VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 20 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 21 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 22 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 25 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 26 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 27 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 28 return return VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 30 mode mode NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 31 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 32 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 33 predictions prediction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 78 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 2 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 4 effect effect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 6 reducing reduce VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 7 classifier classifier NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 8 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 9 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 10 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 11 reduces reduce VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 12 variance variance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 13 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 15 estimate estimate NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 18 classifier classifier NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 79 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 1 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 2 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 5 ensemble ensemble NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 7 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 8 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 9 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 80 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 3 predict predict VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 5 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 6 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 7 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 8 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 9 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 10 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 11 taking take VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 13 most most RBS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 14 common common JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 15 class class NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 16 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 17 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 18 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 19 weighted weight VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 20 average average NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 21 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 22 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 23 predictions prediction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 81 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 1 Ensemble ensemble JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 2 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 3 methods method NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 5 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 6 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 7 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 9 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 11 bias bias NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 12 component component NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 13 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 15 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 16 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 19 base base NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 20 learner learner NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 82 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 1 Boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 3 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 4 ensemble ensemble JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 5 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 6 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 7 creates create VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 8 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 10 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 11 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 12 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 13 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 15 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 16 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 83 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 10 4/37 4/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 13 ensemble ensemble JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 14 members member NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 15 sequentially sequentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 84 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 2 newest new JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 3 member member NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 5 created create VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 7 compensate compensate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 10 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 11 incorrectly incorrectly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 12 labelled label VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 13 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 15 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 16 learners learner NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 85 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 1 Gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 2 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 5 variation variation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 6 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 7 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 8 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 9 represents represent VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 11 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 12 problem problem NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 13 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 14 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 15 descent descent NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 16 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 17 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 18 arbitrary arbitrary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 19 differentiable differentiable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 20 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 21 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 22 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 23 measures measure VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 25 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 27 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 28 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 29 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 31 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 32 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 86 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 1 More more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 2 specifically specifically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 5 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 6 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 7 executes execute VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 8 M m NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 9 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 10 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 12 learn learn VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 14 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 15 F(x f(x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 16 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 17 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 18 outputs output VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 19 predictions prediction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 20 ŷ ŷ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 21 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 22 FðxÞ fðxþ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 23 minimising minimise VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 24 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 25 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 26 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 27 Lðy Lðy NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 28 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 87 29 ŷÞ. ŷþ. NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 1 At at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 2 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 3 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 5 add add VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 7 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 8 estimator estimator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 9 f(x f(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 12 try try VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 14 correct correct VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 16 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 18 y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 19 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 20 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 21 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 22 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 23 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 24 Fmþ1ðxÞ fmþ1ðxþ XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 25 ¼ ¼ JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 26 FmðxÞ FmðxÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 27 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 28 f f NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 29 ðxÞ ðxþ RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 30 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 31 y y FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 32 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 33 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 34 correct correct VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 36 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 37 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 38 setting set VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 39 f(x f(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 40 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 41 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 42 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 43 f f LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 44 ðxÞ ðxþ RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 45 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 46 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 47 � � : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 48 FmðxÞ FmðxÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 49 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 50 fits fit VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 51 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 52 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 53 f(x f(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 54 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 55 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 56 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 57 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 58 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 59 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 60 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 61 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 62 residuals residual NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 63 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 64 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 65 Fm(x Fm(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 66 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 67 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 68 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 69 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 70 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 88 71 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 2 practice practice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 5 approximate approximate VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 6 f(x f(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 7 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 10 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 11 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 12 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 14 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 15 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 16 limited limit VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 17 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 18 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 89 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 2 iterative iterative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 3 process process NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 6 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 7 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 8 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 10 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 11 descent descent NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 12 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 13 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 15 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 16 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 17 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 19 squared squared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 20 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 21 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 22 Lðy Lðy NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 23 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 24 FðxÞÞ FðxÞÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 25 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 26 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 27 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 28 ðy ðy IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 29 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 30 FðxÞÞ2 FðxÞÞ2 NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 31 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 32 see see VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 33 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 34 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 35 consider consider VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 36 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 37 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 38 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 39 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 40 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 41 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 42 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 43 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 44 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 45 written write VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 46 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 47 J J NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 48 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 49 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 50 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 51 Lðyi lðyi VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 52 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 53 FðxiÞÞ FðxiÞÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 54 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 55 seek seek VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 56 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 57 minimise minimise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 58 J J NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 59 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 60 adjusting adjust VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 61 F(xi f(xi NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 62 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 90 63 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 2 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 3 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 5 particular particular JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 6 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 7 xi xi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 9 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 10 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 11 dJ dJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 12 dFðxiÞ dFðxiÞ `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 13 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 14 d d NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 15 P p NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 16 i i NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 17 Lðyi Lðyi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 18 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 19 FðxiÞÞ FðxiÞÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 20 dFðxiÞ dFðxiÞ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 21 ¼ ¼ JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 22 dLðyi dlðyi XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 23 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 24 FðxiÞÞ FðxiÞÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 25 dFðxiÞ dFðxiÞ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 26 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 27 FmðxiÞ fmðxiþ FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 28 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 29 yi yi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 30 Figure Figure NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 31 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 32 Decision Decision NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 33 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 34 ensemble ensemble NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 91 35 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 92 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 10 5/37 5/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 13 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 14 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 15 see see VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 16 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 18 residuals residual NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 19 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 21 negative negative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 22 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 25 squared square VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 26 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 27 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 28 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 29 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 30 f f LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 31 ðxÞ ðxþ RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 32 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 33 y y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 34 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 35 FmðxÞ FmðxÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 36 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 37 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 38 dLðy dLðy NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 39 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 40 FðxÞÞ FðxÞÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 41 dFðxÞ dfðxþ FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 42 By by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 43 adding add VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 44 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 45 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 46 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 47 approximates approximate VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 48 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 49 negative negative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 50 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 51 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 52 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 53 ensemble ensemble NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 54 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 55 move move VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 56 closer close RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 57 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 58 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 59 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 60 minimum minimum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 61 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 62 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 63 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 64 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 65 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 66 thus thus RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 67 implementing implement VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 68 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 69 descent descent NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 93 70 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 1 Generalised generalise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 2 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 3 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 5 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 6 Herein Herein NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 8 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 9 derive derive VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 11 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 12 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 13 following follow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 15 explanation explanation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 17 Chen Chen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 18 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 19 Guestrin Guestrin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 20 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 21 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 22 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 94 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 1 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 4 generalised generalised JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 5 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 6 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 7 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 8 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 9 includes include VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 11 regularisation regularisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 12 term term NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 14 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 15 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 16 combat combat VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 17 overfitting overfitting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 18 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 19 as as RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 20 well well RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 21 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 22 support support NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 23 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 24 arbitrary arbitrary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 25 differentiable differentiable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 26 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 27 functions function NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 95 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 1 Instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 2 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 3 optimising optimise VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 4 plain plain RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 5 squared squared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 6 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 7 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 9 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 10 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 11 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 12 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 13 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 14 parts part NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 15 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 16 defined define VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 19 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 20 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 21 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 23 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 24 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 25 as as RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 26 well well RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 27 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 28 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 29 regularisation regularisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 30 term term NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 31 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 32 penalises penalise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 34 complexity complexity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 35 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 36 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 37 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 38 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 39 Obj Obj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 40 ¼ ¼ FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 41 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 42 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 43 Lðyi lðyi VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 44 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 45 ŷiÞ ŷiÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 46 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 47 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 48 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 49 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 50 ðfkÞ ðfkþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 51 Lðyi Lðyi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 52 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 53 ŷiÞ ŷiþ PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 54 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 55 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 56 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 57 convex convex NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 58 differentiable differentiable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 59 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 60 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 61 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 62 measures measure VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 63 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 64 difference difference NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 65 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 66 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 67 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 68 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 69 true true JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 70 label label NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 71 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 72 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 73 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 74 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 75 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 96 76 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 1 Ω(fk Ω(fk NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 2 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 3 describes describe VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 5 complexity complexity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 7 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 8 fk fk UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 11 defined define VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 12 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 14 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 15 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 16 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 17 Chen Chen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 18 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 19 Guestrin Guestrin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 21 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 22 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 23 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 24 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 25 ðfkÞ ðfkÞ , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 26 ¼ ¼ RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 27 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 28 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 29 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 30 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 31 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 32 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 33 w2 w2 JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 34 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 35 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 36 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 37 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 38 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 39 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 40 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 41 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 42 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 43 leaves leave NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 44 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 45 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 46 fk fk UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 47 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 48 w w NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 49 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 50 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 51 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 52 weights weight NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 53 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 97 54 i.e. i.e. FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 1 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 2 predicted predict VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 3 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 4 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 5 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 7 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 8 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 98 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 1 When when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 2 Ω(fk Ω(fk NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 5 included include VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 8 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 9 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 10 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 11 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 12 forced force VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 14 optimise optimise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 17 less less RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 18 complex complex JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 19 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 20 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 21 simultaneously simultaneously RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 22 minimises minimise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 23 Lðyi Lðyi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 24 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 99 25 ŷiÞ. ŷiþ. ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 100 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 100 2 helps help VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 100 3 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 100 4 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 100 5 overfitting overfitting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 100 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 1 � � : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 2 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 3 provides provide VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 5 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 6 penalty penalty NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 7 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 8 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 9 additional additional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 10 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 11 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 13 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 14 w2 w2 JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 15 penalises penalise NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 16 extreme extreme JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 17 weights weight NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 101 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 1 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 3 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 5 user user NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 6 configurable configurable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 7 parameters parameter NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 102 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 2 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 3 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 4 proceeds proceed NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 6 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 7 iterative iterative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 8 manner manner NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 9 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 10 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 11 state state VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 13 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 14 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 17 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 18 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 19 m m NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 21 terms term NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 24 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 25 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 26 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 27 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 28 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 29 ŷi ŷi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 30 ðm ðm IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 31 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 32 1Þ 1þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 33 adjusted adjust VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 34 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 36 newest new JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 37 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 38 fk fk UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 39 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 40 Objm Objm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 41 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 42 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 43 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 44 Lðyi lðyi VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 45 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 46 ŷiðm ŷiðm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 47 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 48 1Þ 1þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 49 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 50 fkðxiÞÞ fkðxiÞÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 51 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 52 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 53 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 54 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 55 ðfkÞ ðfkþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 56 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 57 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 58 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 59 optimise optimise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 60 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 61 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 62 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 63 fk fk UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 64 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 65 minimises minimise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 66 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 67 objective objective NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 103 68 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 1 Taking take VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 3 Taylor Taylor NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 4 expansion expansion NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 7 above above JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 8 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 9 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 11 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 12 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 13 allows allow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 14 us -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 15 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 16 easily easily RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 17 accommodate accommodate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 18 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 19 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 20 functions function NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 21 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 22 Objm Objm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 23 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 24 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 25 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 26 ½Lðyi ½lðyi VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 27 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 28 ŷiðm ŷiðm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 29 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 30 1ÞÞ 1þþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 31 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 32 gifkðxÞ gifkðxÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 33 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 34 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 35 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 36 hifkðxÞ2 hifkðxþ2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 37 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 38 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 39 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 40 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 41 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 42 ðfkÞ ðfkþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 43 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 44 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 45 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 46 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 47 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 48 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 49 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 50 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 51 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 52 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 53 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 104 54 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 10 6/37 6/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 13 Here here RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 15 gi gi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 16 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 17 hi hi UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 18 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 20 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 21 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 22 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 23 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 24 derivatives derivative NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 25 respectively respectively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 27 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 28 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 29 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 30 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 31 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 32 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 33 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 34 gi gi NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 35 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 36 dLðyi dlðyi XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 37 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 38 ŷiðm ŷiðm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 39 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 40 1ÞÞ 1þþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 41 dŷi dŷi NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 42 ðm ðm SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 43 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 44 1Þ 1þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 45 hi hi UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 46 ¼ ¼ JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 47 d2Lðyi d2Lðyi NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 48 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 49 ŷiðm ŷiðm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 50 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 51 1ÞÞ 1þþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 52 dðŷiðm dðŷiðm CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 53 � � : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 54 1ÞÞ 1þþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 55 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 56 Note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 57 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 58 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 59 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 60 ŷi ŷi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 61 ðm ðm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 62 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 63 1Þ 1þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 64 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 65 left leave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 66 unchanged unchanged JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 67 during during IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 68 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 69 optimisation optimisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 70 process process NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 105 71 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 2 simplified simplified JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 3 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 4 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 5 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 6 constants constant NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 7 removed remove VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 9 Objm Objm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 10 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 11 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 12 i i NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 13 ½gifkðxÞ ½gifkðxÞ . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 14 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 15 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 16 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 17 hifkðxÞ2 hifkðxþ2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 18 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 19 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 20 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 21 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 22 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 23 ðfkÞ ðfkþ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 24 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 25 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 26 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 27 make make VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 29 observation observation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 30 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 31 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 32 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 33 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 34 predicts predict VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 35 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 36 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 37 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 38 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 39 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 106 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 1 fk(x fk(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 2 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 4 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 6 represented represent VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 8 wq(x wq(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 10 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 11 w w NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 12 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 14 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 15 containing contain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 16 scores score NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 17 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 18 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 19 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 21 q(x q(x JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 22 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 23 maps map VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 24 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 25 x x RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 26 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 28 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 107 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 2 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 3 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 5 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 6 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 7 modified modify VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 9 sum sum VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 10 over over RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 12 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 13 leaves leave NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 16 regularisation regularisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 17 term term NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 18 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 19 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 108 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 4 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 5 Objm Objm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 6 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 7 XT xt NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 8 j¼1 j¼1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 9 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 10 i2Ij i2Ij NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 11 gi gi UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 12 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 13 @ @ SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 15 AwqðxÞ AwqðxÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 16 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 17 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 18 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 19 X X NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 20 i2Ij i2Ij NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 21 hi hi UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 22 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 23 @ @ SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 24 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 25 Aw2qðxÞ Aw2qðxÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 26 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 27 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 28 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 29 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 30 þ þ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 31 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 32 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 33 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 34 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 35 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 36 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 37 XT XT NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 38 j¼1 j¼1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 39 w2 w2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 40 Here here RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 41 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 42 Ij Ij NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 43 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 44 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 45 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 46 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 47 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 48 training train VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 49 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 50 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 51 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 109 52 j. j. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 2 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 5 derivatives derivative NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 7 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 8 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 9 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 10 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 11 defined define VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 12 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 13 follows follow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 14 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 15 Gj Gj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 16 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 17 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 18 i2Ij i2Ij NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 19 gi gi UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 20 Hj Hj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 21 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 22 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 23 i2Ij i2Ij NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 24 hi hi UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 25 Also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 26 note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 27 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 28 wq(x wq(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 29 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 30 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 31 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 32 constant constant NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 33 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 34 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 35 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 36 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 37 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 38 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 39 represented represent VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 40 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 41 wj wj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 110 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 1 Simplifying simplify VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 2 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 3 get get VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 4 Objm Objm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 5 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 6 XT xt NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 7 j¼1 j¼1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 8 Gjwj Gjwj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 9 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 10 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 11 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 12 ðHj ðHj NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 13 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 14 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 15 Þw2j þw2j NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 16 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 17 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 18 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 19 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 20 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 21 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 22 2 2 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 23 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 24 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 25 weight weight NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 26 wj wj VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 27 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 28 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 29 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 30 minimises minimise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 32 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 33 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 34 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 35 @Objm @objm JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 36 @wj @wj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 37 ¼ ¼ FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 38 Gj Gj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 39 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 40 ðHj ðHj VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 41 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 42 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 43 Þwj Þwj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 44 ¼ ¼ FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 45 0 0 NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 46 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 47 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 48 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 49 weight weight NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 50 wj wj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 51 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 52 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 53 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 54 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 55 structure structure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 56 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 57 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 58 wj wj UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 59 ¼ ¼ RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 60 � � . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 61 Gj Gj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 62 Hj Hj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 63 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 64 � � : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 65 Using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 66 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 67 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 68 wj wj NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 69 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 70 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 111 71 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 2 2 2 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 6 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 7 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 9 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 11 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 12 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 13 structure structure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 14 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 15 becomes become VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 16 Objm Objm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 17 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 18 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 19 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 20 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 21 XT xt NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 22 j¼1 j¼1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 23 G2j G2j . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 24 Hj Hj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 25 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 26 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 27 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 28 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 29 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 30 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 31 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 32 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 33 Eq eq NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 112 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 2 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 7 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 8 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 10 measure measure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 13 quality quality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 16 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 17 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 113 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 114 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 10 7/37 7/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 13 Growing grow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 15 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 16 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 17 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 18 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 19 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 20 intractable intractable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 21 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 22 enumerate enumerate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 23 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 24 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 25 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 26 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 27 structures structure NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 28 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 29 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 30 greedily greedily RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 31 expand expand VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 33 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 34 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 36 root root NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 37 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 115 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 2 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 3 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 4 evaluate evaluate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 6 usefulness usefulness NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 9 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 10 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 12 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 13 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 14 look look VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 15 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 17 contribution contribution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 19 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 20 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 21 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 22 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 23 j j NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 24 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 26 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 27 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 28 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 29 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 116 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 2 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 4 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 5 Objleaf Objleaf NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 6 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 7 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 9 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 10 G2j G2j . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 11 Hj Hj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 12 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 13 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 14 þ þ LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 15 � � . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 16 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 17 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 18 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 19 consider consider VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 21 contribution contribution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 22 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 24 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 25 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 26 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 27 splitting split VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 28 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 29 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 30 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 31 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 32 leaves leave NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 33 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 34 Objsplit Objsplit NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 35 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 36 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 37 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 38 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 39 G2jL G2jL : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 40 HjL HjL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 41 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 42 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 43 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 44 G2jR G2jR : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 45 HjR HjR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 46 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 47 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 117 48 ! ! . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 1 þ þ LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 2 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 3 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 4 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 5 improvement improvement NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 6 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 8 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 9 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 10 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 11 creating create VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 13 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 14 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 15 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 16 defined define VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 17 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 18 Gain Gain NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 19 ¼ ¼ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 20 Objleaf Objleaf NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 21 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 22 Objsplit Objsplit NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 23 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 24 yields yield VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 25 Gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 26 ¼ ¼ JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 27 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 28 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 29 G2L G2L NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 30 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 31 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 32 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 33 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 34 G g NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 35 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 36 R r NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 37 HR hr NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 38 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 39 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 40 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 41 ðGL ðgl CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 42 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 43 GRÞ GRÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 44 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 45 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 46 þ þ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 47 HR hr NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 48 þ þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 49 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 50 " " '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 51 # # NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 52 � � NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 53 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 54 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 55 4 4 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 56 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 57 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 58 quality quality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 59 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 60 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 61 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 62 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 63 separating separate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 64 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 65 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 66 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 67 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 68 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 69 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 70 evaluated evaluate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 71 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 72 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 73 gain gain JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 74 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 75 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 76 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 118 77 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 119 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 119 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 119 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 119 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 2 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 3 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 4 represents represent VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 6 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 9 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 10 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 12 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 120 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 2 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 4 obtained obtain VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 5 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 6 taking take VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 8 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 9 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 10 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 11 j j NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 13 partitioning partition VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 14 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 15 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 16 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 17 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 18 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 121 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 3 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 4 thought think VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 6 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 8 increase increase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 10 quality quality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 13 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 14 obtained obtain VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 15 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 16 creating create VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 18 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 19 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 20 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 21 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 22 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 23 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 24 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 25 simply simply RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 26 retaining retain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 27 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 28 original original JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 29 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 122 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 2 formula formula NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 4 applied apply VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 5 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 6 every every DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 7 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 8 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 9 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 11 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 12 expand expand VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 14 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 15 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 16 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 17 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 123 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 3 continue continue VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 4 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 5 grow grow VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 7 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 8 while while IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 9 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 10 gain gain JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 11 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 12 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 13 positive positive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 124 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 2 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 3 regularisation regularisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 4 cost cost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 5 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 6 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 7 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 8 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 9 prevent prevent VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 11 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 12 arbitrarily arbitrarily RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 13 expanding expand VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 125 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 2 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 3 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 4 selection selection NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 6 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 8 O(nm o(nm RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 10 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 11 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 12 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 13 n n JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 14 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 15 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 16 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 17 m m NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 18 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 19 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 20 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 21 scanning scan VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 22 left leave VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 23 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 24 right right RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 25 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 26 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 27 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 28 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 29 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 30 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 31 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 32 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 33 sorted sorted JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 34 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 126 35 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 2 running run VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 3 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 5 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 7 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 9 kept keep VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 11 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 12 move move VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 13 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 14 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 15 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 16 right right NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 18 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 19 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 21 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 22 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 127 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 1 GR GR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 3 HR hr NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 5 inferred infer VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 6 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 7 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 8 running running NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 9 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 12 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 13 total total NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 128 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 2 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 6 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 8 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 11 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 129 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 3 assume assume VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 5 know know VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 7 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 8 G g NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 10 H h NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 11 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 12 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 13 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 14 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 15 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 16 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 17 simply simply RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 19 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 20 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 21 GR GR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 22 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 24 parent parent NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 25 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 130 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 1 Therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 3 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 4 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 5 everything everything NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 6 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 7 need need VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 9 evaluate evaluate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 10 Gain Gain NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 11 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 12 every every DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 13 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 14 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 15 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 16 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 17 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 18 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 19 select select VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 21 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 131 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 1 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 3 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 4 format format NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 5 Tabular Tabular NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 6 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 7 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 10 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 11 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 12 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 13 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 14 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 15 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 16 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 17 Weka Weka NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 18 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 19 Hall Hall NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 20 et et NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 21 al al NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 22 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 24 2009 2009 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 25 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 26 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 27 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 28 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 29 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 30 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 31 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 32 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 33 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 34 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 35 row row NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 36 representing represent VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 37 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 38 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 39 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 40 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 41 column column NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 42 representing represent VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 43 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 44 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 45 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 46 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 47 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 48 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 49 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 132 50 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 1 If if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 2 f2 f2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 5 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 7 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 8 predicted predict VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 9 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 10 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 11 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 12 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 13 pair pair NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 14 ð ð NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 15 ~ ~ NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 16 xi xi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 17 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 18 yiÞ yiÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 19 takes take VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 21 form form NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 22 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 23 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 24 f0i f0i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 25 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 26 f1i f1i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 27 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 28 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 29 f2i f2i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 30 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 31 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 32 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 33 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 34 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 35 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 36 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 37 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 38 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 39 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 40 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 41 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 42 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 133 43 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 10 8/37 8/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 14 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 15 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 16 d d XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 134 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 2 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 3 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 4 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 5 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 6 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 7 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 8 contain contain VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 9 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 10 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 135 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 1 One one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 2 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 4 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 5 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 7 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 10 ability ability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 12 store store VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 13 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 16 sparse sparse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 17 format format NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 18 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 19 implicitly implicitly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 20 keeping keep VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 21 track track NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 23 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 24 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 25 instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 27 physically physically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 28 storing store VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 29 them -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 136 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 1 While while IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 2 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 3 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 4 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 5 directly directly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 6 support support VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 7 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 8 variables variable NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 11 ability ability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 13 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 14 store store VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 16 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 17 sparse sparse VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 18 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 19 matrices matrix NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 20 allows allow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 21 us -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 22 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 23 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 24 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 25 variables variable NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 26 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 27 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 28 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 29 hot hot JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 30 encoding encoding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 137 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 6 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 8 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 9 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 10 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 11 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 12 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 13 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 14 instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 15 encoded encode VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 16 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 17 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 18 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 19 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 138 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 2 zeros zero NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 5 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 6 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 7 hot hot JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 8 encoded encoded JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 9 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 10 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 11 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 12 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 13 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 14 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 15 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 16 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 139 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 1 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 2 users user NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 3 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 4 specify specify VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 5 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 7 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 8 considered consider VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 9 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 10 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 13 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 14 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 15 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 16 directly directly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 17 input input VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 18 sparse sparse NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 19 formats format NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 20 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 21 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 22 libsvm libsvm JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 23 files file NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 24 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 26 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 140 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 1 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 3 handling handle VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 4 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 5 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 6 Representing represent VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 7 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 8 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 9 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 10 sparsity sparsity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 12 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 13 way way NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 14 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 15 implications implication NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 16 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 17 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 18 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 19 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 20 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 141 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 1 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 2 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 3 default default NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 4 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 6 handling handle VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 7 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 8 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 9 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 10 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 11 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 12 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 13 splits split VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 14 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 15 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 16 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 18 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 19 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 20 missing missing JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 21 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 22 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 23 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 24 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 25 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 26 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 27 normal normal JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 28 threshold threshold NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 29 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 30 rule rule NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 31 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 32 numerical numerical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 33 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 142 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 1 So so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 3 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 4 rule rule NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 7 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 8 now now RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 9 contains contain VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 11 numeric numeric JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 12 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 13 rule rule NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 14 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 16 f0 f0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 17 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 18 5.53 5.53 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 20 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 21 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 22 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 23 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 24 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 25 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 26 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 27 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 28 = = -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 29 right right UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 30 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 31 sends send VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 32 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 33 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 34 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 35 down down IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 36 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 37 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 38 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 143 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 3 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 4 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 5 hot hot JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 6 encoded encode VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 7 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 8 variable variable NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 9 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 11 zeros zero NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 12 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 13 encoded encode VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 14 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 15 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 16 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 18 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 19 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 20 equivalent equivalent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 21 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 22 testing test VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 23 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 24 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 25 vs vs IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 26 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 27 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 28 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 29 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 30 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 31 category category NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 32 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 34 categorical categorical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 35 variable variable NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 144 36 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 145 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 145 2 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 145 3 Enumerating Enumerating NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 145 4 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 145 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 1 Feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 2 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 3 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 4 0.4 0.4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 5 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 6 0.6 0.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 7 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 8 1.1 1.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 9 gi gi SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 10 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 11 0.8 0.8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 12 0.2 0.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 13 -1.1 -1.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 14 -0.2 -0.2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 15 -0.5 -0.5 , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 16 hi hi CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 17 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 18 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 19 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 20 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 21 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 22 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 23 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 24 0.0 0.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 25 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 26 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 27 1.1 1.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 28 0.0 0.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 29 -0.2 -0.2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 30 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 31 0.0 0.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 32 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 33 2.0 2.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 34 3.0 3.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 35 4.0 4.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 36 5.0 5.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 37 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 38 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 39 Example Example NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 40 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 41 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 146 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 2 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 3 d d VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 4 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 5 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 6 f2 f2 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 7 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 8 0.32 0.32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 9 399 399 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 10 10.1 10.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 12 0.27 0.27 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 13 521 521 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 14 11.3 11.3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 15 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 16 0.56 0.56 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 17 896 896 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 18 13.0 13.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 19 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 20 0.11 0.11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 21 322 322 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 22 9.7 9.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 23 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 24 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 25 Sparse Sparse NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 26 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 27 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 147 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 2 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 3 d d VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 4 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 5 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 6 f2 f2 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 7 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 9 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 10 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 12 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 13 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 14 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 15 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 16 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 17 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 18 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 19 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 20 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 21 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 22 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 23 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 24 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 25 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 26 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 27 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 28 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 29 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 30 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 31 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 148 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 10 9/37 9/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 13 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 14 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 15 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 16 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 17 selected select VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 18 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 20 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 21 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 22 maximises maximise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 24 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 25 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 26 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 149 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 150 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 150 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 150 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 150 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 1 When when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 2 enumerating enumerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 3 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 4 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 5 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 6 split split JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 7 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 9 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 10 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 11 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 12 test test VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 14 effect effect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 15 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 16 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 17 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 18 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 19 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 20 sending send VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 21 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 22 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 23 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 24 down down IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 26 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 27 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 28 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 29 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 30 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 31 select select VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 33 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 34 option option NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 151 35 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 2 makes make VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 3 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 4 selection selection NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 5 slightly slightly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 6 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 7 complex complex JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 8 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 9 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 10 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 11 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 12 know know VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 14 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 15 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 18 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 19 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 21 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 22 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 23 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 24 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 25 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 26 working work VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 27 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 28 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 29 although although IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 30 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 31 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 32 know know VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 34 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 35 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 36 all all PDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 37 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 38 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 39 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 40 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 41 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 42 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 43 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 152 44 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 2 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 3 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 4 handles handle VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 5 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 6 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 7 performing perform VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 8 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 9 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 10 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 12 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 13 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 16 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 17 being being NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 20 reverse reverse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 21 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 153 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 3 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 4 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 6 right right NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 7 scan scan VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 9 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 10 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 11 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 13 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 14 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 15 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 17 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 18 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 19 maintained maintain VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 20 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 22 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 25 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 26 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 27 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 29 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 30 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 31 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 33 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 34 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 35 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 36 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 37 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 38 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 39 minus minus CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 40 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 41 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 42 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 154 43 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 1 Hence hence RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 4 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 5 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 6 implicitly implicitly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 7 includes include VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 8 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 11 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 12 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 155 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 1 When when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 2 scanning scan VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 3 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 4 right right NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 6 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 9 reverse reverse NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 11 true true JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 14 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 15 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 16 includes include VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 17 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 20 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 21 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 156 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 3 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 4 selects select VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 6 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 7 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 8 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 9 either either CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 11 forwards forward NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 12 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 13 backwards backwards RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 14 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 157 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 1 Graphics graphic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 2 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 3 units unit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 4 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 5 purpose purpose NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 7 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 8 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 10 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 11 describe describe VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 12 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 14 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 15 implement implement VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 16 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 17 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 18 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 19 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 20 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 21 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 22 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 23 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 158 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 1 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 3 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 4 thought think VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 6 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 8 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 9 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 11 having have VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 13 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 14 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 15 architecture architecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 16 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 17 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 18 SIMD SIMD NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 19 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 20 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 21 instruction instruction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 22 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 23 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 24 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 25 processors processor NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 159 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 1 These these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 2 SIMD simd NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 3 processors processor NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 4 operate operate VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 6 lockstep lockstep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 7 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 9 batches batch NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 11 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 12 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 13 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 14 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 15 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 16 Matloff Matloff NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 18 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 19 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 160 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 1 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 2 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 3 optimised optimise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 5 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 6 throughput throughput NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 8 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 10 hide hide VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 11 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 12 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 14 use use NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 16 massive massive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 17 parallelism parallelism NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 161 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 4 contrast contrast NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 6 CPUs cpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 7 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 8 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 9 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 10 caches cache NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 12 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 13 prediction prediction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 15 speculative speculative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 16 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 17 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 18 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 19 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 20 optimise optimise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 21 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 22 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 23 regards regard NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 24 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 25 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 26 dependencies dependency NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 27 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 28 Baxter Baxter NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 29 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 30 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 31 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 162 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 1 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 2 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 3 been be VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 4 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 5 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 6 accelerate accelerate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 8 variety variety NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 10 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 11 traditionally traditionally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 12 run run VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 13 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 14 CPUs cpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 16 providing provide VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 17 significant significant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 18 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 19 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 20 parallelisable parallelisable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 21 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 22 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 23 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 24 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 25 arithmetic arithmetic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 26 intensity intensity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 163 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 1 Of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 2 particular particular JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 3 relevance relevance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 4 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 5 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 6 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 9 use use NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 11 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 13 train train VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 14 extremely extremely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 15 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 16 neural neural JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 17 networks network NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 164 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 2 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 3 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 5 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 6 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 7 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 8 billion billion CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 9 parameter parameter NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 10 networks network NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 11 could could MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 12 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 13 trained train VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 16 few few JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 17 days day NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 18 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 19 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 20 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 21 machines machine NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 22 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 23 Coates Coates NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 24 et et FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 25 al al NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 26 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 27 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 28 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 29 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 165 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 1 Languages language NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 3 libraries librarie VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 4 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 5 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 6 main main JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 7 languages language NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 9 general general JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 10 purpose purpose NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 11 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 12 programming programming NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 13 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 14 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 16 OpenCL OpenCL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 166 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 1 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 2 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 3 chosen choose VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 6 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 7 discussed discuss VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 9 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 10 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 11 due due IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 12 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 14 availability availability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 16 optimised optimise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 18 production production NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 19 ready ready JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 20 libraries library NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 167 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 4 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 5 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 6 would would MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 7 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 8 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 9 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 10 without without IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 12 strong strong JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 13 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 14 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 15 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 168 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 2 make make VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 3 extensive extensive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 4 use use NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 6 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 8 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 10 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 11 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 12 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 13 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 15 CUB CUB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 16 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 17 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 18 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 19 NVIDIA NVIDIA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 20 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 21 Labs Labs NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 22 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 23 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 24 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 26 Thrust Thrust NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 27 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 28 Hoberock Hoberock NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 29 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 30 Bell Bell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 31 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 32 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 33 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 34 libraries library NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 169 35 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 1 These these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 2 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 3 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 5 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 7 detail detail NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 9 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 10 Parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 11 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 13 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 14 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 15 closest close JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 16 equivalent equivalent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 18 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 19 libraries library NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 21 OpenCL OpenCL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 22 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 24 boost boost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 25 compute compute NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 26 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 170 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 1 Several several JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 2 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 3 were be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 4 encountered encounter VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 5 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 6 attempting attempt VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 7 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 8 use use VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 9 Boost Boost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 10 Compute Compute NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 13 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 15 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 16 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 17 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 18 lagged lag VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 19 considerably considerably RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 20 behind behind IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 21 those those DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 23 CUB CUB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 24 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 25 Thrust Thrust NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 171 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 1 At at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 3 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 5 writing write VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 6 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 7 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 8 OpenCL OpenCL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 9 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 10 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 12 practical practical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 13 option option NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 14 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 15 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 16 type type NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 18 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 172 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 173 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 10 10/37 10/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 13 Execution Execution NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 14 model model NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 15 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 16 code code NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 17 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 18 written write VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 19 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 20 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 21 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 22 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 23 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 24 executed execute VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 25 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 26 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 27 thousands thousand NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 28 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 29 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 174 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 2 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 3 execute execute VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 5 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 6 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 7 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 8 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 9 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 10 behaviour behaviour NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 11 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 12 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 13 distinguished distinguish VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 14 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 16 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 17 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 18 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 175 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 7 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 8 adding add VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 9 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 10 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 11 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 12 arrays array NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 13 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 14 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 15 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 16 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 176 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 1 Indexing indexing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 3 determined determine VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 4 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 6 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 7 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 8 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 10 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 11 unused unused JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 12 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 13 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 14 masked mask VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 15 off off RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 16 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 17 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 18 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 19 statement statement NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 177 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 3 Example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 4 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 5 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 6 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 7 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 8 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 9 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 10 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 11 void void JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 12 example(float example(float NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 13 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 14 d_a d_a NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 16 float float NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 17 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 18 d_b d_b NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 20 float float NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 21 � � . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 22 d_output d_output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 24 int int NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 25 n n CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 26 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 27 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 28 //Calculate //calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 29 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 30 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 31 index index NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 32 //blockIdx.x //blockIdx.x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 33 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 34 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 35 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 36 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 37 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 38 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 39 //blockDim.x //blockDim.x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 40 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 41 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 42 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 43 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 44 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 45 //threadIdx.x //threadIdx.x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 46 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 47 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 48 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 49 index index NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 50 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 51 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 52 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 53 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 54 int int DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 55 global_tid global_tid NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 56 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 57 blockIdx.x blockIdx.x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 58 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 59 blockDim.x blockdim.x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 60 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 61 threadIdx.x threadidx.x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 62 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 63 if(global_tid if(global_tid NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 64 < < XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 65 n n XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 66 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 67 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 68 d_output[global_tid d_output[global_tid NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 69 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 70 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 71 d_a[global_tid d_a[global_tid NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 72 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 73 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 74 d_b[global_tid d_b[global_tid NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 75 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 76 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 77 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 78 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 79 Threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 80 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 81 grouped group VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 82 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 83 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 84 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 85 blocks block NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 86 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 87 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 88 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 89 contain contain VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 90 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 91 multiple multiple NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 92 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 93 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 94 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 178 95 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 2 group group NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 4 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 5 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 7 known know VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 8 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 10 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 179 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 1 Thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 2 blocks block NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 4 queued queue VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 6 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 7 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 8 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 9 streaming stream VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 10 multiprocessors multiprocessor NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 180 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 1 Streaming streaming NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 2 multiprocessors multiprocessor NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 3 switch switch VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 4 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 5 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 6 warps warps NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 7 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 9 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 10 during during IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 11 program program NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 12 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 13 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 14 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 15 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 16 hide hide VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 17 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 181 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 1 Global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 2 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 3 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 4 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 6 hundreds hundred NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 8 cycles cycle NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 10 hence hence RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 11 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 12 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 13 important important JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 14 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 15 launch launch VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 16 sufficiently sufficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 17 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 18 warps warp NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 19 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 20 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 21 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 22 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 24 facilitate facilitate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 25 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 26 hiding hiding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 182 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 2 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 3 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 4 provides provide VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 5 no no DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 6 guarantees guarantee NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 7 about about IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 9 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 11 thread thread JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 12 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 13 unless unless IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 14 explicit explicit JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 15 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 16 synchronisation synchronisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 17 barriers barrier NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 18 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 19 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 183 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 1 Synchronisation synchronisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 2 across across IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 3 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 4 blocks block NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 6 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 7 generally generally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 8 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 9 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 11 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 12 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 13 launch launch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 184 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 1 Device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 2 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 3 wide wide JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 4 synchronisation synchronisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 6 achieved achieve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 7 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 8 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 9 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 10 launches launch NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 185 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 2 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 4 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 6 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 7 synchronisation synchronisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 8 barrier barrier NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 10 required require VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 11 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 13 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 16 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 17 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 18 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 19 separated separate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 20 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 21 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 22 distinct distinct JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 23 kernels kernel NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 24 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 25 synchronisation synchronisation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 26 occurs occur VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 27 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 29 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 30 launches launch NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 186 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 1 Memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 2 architecture architecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 3 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 4 exposes expose VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 5 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 6 primary primary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 7 tiers tier NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 9 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 11 reading reading NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 13 writing writing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 187 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 1 Device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 2 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 3 wide wide JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 4 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 5 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 7 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 8 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 9 accessible accessible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 10 shared share VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 11 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 13 thread thread VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 14 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 15 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 188 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 1 � � JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 2 Global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 3 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 4 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 5 Global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 6 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 8 accessible accessible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 9 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 10 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 11 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 13 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 15 highest high JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 16 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 189 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 1 Input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 2 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 4 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 5 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 7 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 8 amounts amount NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 10 working work VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 11 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 12 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 13 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 14 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 15 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 16 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 17 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 190 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 1 Global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 2 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 5 copied copy VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 6 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 8 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 9 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 191 10 i.e. i.e. FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 1 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 4 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 6 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 7 computer computer NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 9 vice vice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 10 versa versa RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 192 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 1 Bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 2 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 3 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 4 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 5 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 6 transfers transfer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 8 much much RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 9 slower slow JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 10 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 12 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 13 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 14 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 17 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 18 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 193 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 10 11/37 11/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 13 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 14 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 16 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 17 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 18 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 19 transfers transfer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 21 should should MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 22 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 23 avoided avoid VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 24 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 25 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 194 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 1 Global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 2 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 4 accessed access VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 6 128 128 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 7 byte byte NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 8 cache cache JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 9 lines line NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 10 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 11 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 12 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 195 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 1 Memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 2 accesses access NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 3 should should MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 5 coalesced coalesce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 7 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 9 achieve achieve VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 10 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 11 bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 196 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 1 Coalescing coalescing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 2 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 3 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 5 grouping grouping NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 7 aligned align VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 8 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 9 load load NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 10 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 11 store store NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 12 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 13 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 15 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 16 transaction transaction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 197 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 2 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 5 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 6 coalesced coalesce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 7 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 8 read read NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 9 occurs occur VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 10 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 12 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 14 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 15 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 16 loads load VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 17 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 18 contiguous contiguous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 19 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 20 byte byte NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 21 words word NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 22 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 23 128 128 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 24 bytes byte NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 25 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 198 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 1 Fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 2 uncoalesced uncoalesced JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 3 reads read NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 5 typical typical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 7 gather gather JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 8 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 10 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 11 limit limit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 12 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 13 bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 15 less less JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 16 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 17 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 18 % % NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 19 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 20 peak peak NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 21 bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 22 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 23 Harris Harris NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 25 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 26 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 199 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 1 � � JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 2 Shared shared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 3 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 4 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 5 48 48 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 6 KB kb NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 8 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 9 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 11 available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 12 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 13 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 14 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 15 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 200 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 1 Shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 2 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 4 accessible accessible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 5 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 7 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 10 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 12 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 14 significantly significantly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 15 lower low JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 16 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 17 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 18 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 19 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 201 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 3 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 4 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 5 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 6 working work VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 7 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 8 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 10 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 11 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 13 sometimes sometimes RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 14 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 17 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 18 programmer programmer NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 19 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 20 managed manage VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 21 cache cache NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 23 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 24 � � JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 25 Registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 26 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 27 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 28 finite finite JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 29 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 31 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 32 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 33 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 34 available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 35 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 36 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 37 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 202 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 1 Operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 2 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 3 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 5 generally generally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 7 fastest fast JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 203 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 1 Threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 2 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 4 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 5 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 6 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 7 read read VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 8 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 9 write write VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 10 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 12 other other JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 13 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 16 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 17 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 18 intrinsic intrinsic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 19 instructions instruction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 20 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 21 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 22 shuffle shuffle NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 23 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 24 broadcast broadcast VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 25 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 26 Nvidia Nvidia NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 27 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 28 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 29 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 204 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 1 Parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 2 primitives primitive VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 3 Graphicsprocessingunitprimitivesaresmall Graphicsprocessingunitprimitivesaresmall NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 4 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 5 usedasbuildingblocksinmassively usedasbuildingblocksinmassively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 6 parallel parallel VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 7 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 205 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 1 While while IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 2 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 3 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 4 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 5 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 6 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 7 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 8 expressed express VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 9 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 10 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 11 programs program NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 12 without without IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 13 them -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 15 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 16 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 17 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 18 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 19 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 20 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 21 compose compose VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 22 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 23 complicated complicated JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 24 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 25 while while IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 26 retaining retain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 27 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 28 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 29 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 30 readability readability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 31 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 32 reliability reliability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 206 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 1 Understanding understanding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 2 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 3 specific specific JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 4 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 5 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 6 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 7 achieved achieve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 8 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 9 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 10 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 13 relative relative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 14 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 16 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 17 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 18 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 19 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 20 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 21 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 22 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 23 counterparts counterpart NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 24 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 25 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 26 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 27 designing design VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 28 effective effective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 29 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 30 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 207 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 1 Reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 2 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 3 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 4 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 5 reduces reduce VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 6 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 7 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 9 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 10 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 12 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 13 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 14 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 16 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 17 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 18 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 19 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 208 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 3 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 4 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 5 associative associative NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 6 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 8 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 9 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 11 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 13 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 14 returns return VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 15 ða0 ða0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 16 a1 a1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 17 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 18 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 19 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 20 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 21 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 209 22 1Þ. 1þ. CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 1 Note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 2 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 3 floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 4 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 5 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 7 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 8 strictly strictly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 9 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 210 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 2 means mean VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 4 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 5 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 6 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 7 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 8 likely likely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 9 result result VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 12 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 13 answer answer NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 16 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 17 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 18 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 20 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 21 applies apply VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 22 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 24 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 25 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 26 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 27 below below RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 28 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 211 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 3 discussed discuss VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 5 greater great JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 6 detail detail NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 8 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 9 Floating floating JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 10 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 11 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 13 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 14 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 15 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 16 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 17 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 18 easy easy JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 19 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 20 implement implement VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 21 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 22 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 23 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 24 passing pass VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 25 partial partial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 26 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 27 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 28 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 29 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 31 taking take VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 32 O(logn O(logn NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 33 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 34 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 35 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 36 n n CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 37 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 38 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 39 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 40 n n JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 41 processors processor NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 212 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 213 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 213 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 213 3 illustrated illustrate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 213 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 213 5 Fig Fig NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 213 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 214 1 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 214 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 2 practice practice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 4 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 5 implementations implementation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 7 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 8 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 9 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 10 launch launch VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 11 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 12 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 13 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 14 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 15 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 16 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 17 instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 18 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 19 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 20 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 21 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 22 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 23 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 24 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 25 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 26 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 27 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 28 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 29 sum sum VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 31 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 32 together together RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 33 sequentially sequentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 215 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 2 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 5 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 6 varies vary VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 7 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 10 optimal optimal JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 11 granularity granularity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 14 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 15 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 16 architecture architecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 216 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 1 Reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 2 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 3 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 4 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 5 tiered tiere VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 6 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 7 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 8 layers layer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 9 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 10 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 12 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 14 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 217 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 1 Individual individual JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 2 warps warps NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 4 very very RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 5 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 6 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 7 partial partial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 8 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 9 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 10 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 11 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 12 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 13 shuffle shuffle NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 14 instructions instruction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 15 introduced introduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 16 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 17 Nvidia Nvidia NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 18 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 19 Kepler Kepler NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 20 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 21 architecture architecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 22 onwards onwards RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 218 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 1 As as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 2 smaller small JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 3 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 6 combined combine VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 7 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 8 larger large JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 9 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 10 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 11 simply simply RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 12 applying apply VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 14 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 15 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 16 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 17 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 19 outputs output NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 21 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 22 smaller small JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 23 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 24 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 25 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 26 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 27 combined combine VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 28 together together RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 29 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 30 get get VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 32 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 33 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 34 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 35 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 36 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 219 37 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 2 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 3 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 5 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 7 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 8 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 9 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 12 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 13 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 220 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 10 12/37 12/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 13 iterate iterate VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 14 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 15 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 16 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 17 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 18 sequentially sequentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 20 summing sum VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 22 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 23 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 24 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 221 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 1 When when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 2 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 3 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 4 blocks block NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 5 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 6 finished finish VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 8 results result NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 9 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 10 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 11 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 12 summed sum VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 13 together together RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 14 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 16 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 17 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 18 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 19 produce produce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 21 final final JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 22 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 222 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 2 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 4 code code NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 7 fast fast JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 8 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 9 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 10 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 11 shuffle shuffle NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 12 intrinsics intrinsic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 14 communicate communicate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 15 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 16 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 17 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 19 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 20 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 223 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 2 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 3 shuffle shuffle NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 4 down down RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 5 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 6 instruction instruction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 7 referred refer VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 10 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 11 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 12 simply simply RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 13 allows allow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 15 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 16 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 17 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 18 read read VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 19 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 20 register register NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 21 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 22 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 24 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 25 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 26 places place NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 27 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 29 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 31 so so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 32 long long RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 33 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 34 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 35 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 36 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 37 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 38 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 39 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 40 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 224 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 2 complete complete JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 3 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 4 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 5 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 6 requires require VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 7 five five CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 8 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 10 sum sum VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 11 over over RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 12 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 13 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 225 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 2 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 3 Warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 4 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 5 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 6 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 7 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 8 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 9 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 10 float float NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 11 warp_reduce(float warp_reduce(float NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 12 x x SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 13 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 14 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 16 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 17 int int NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 18 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 19 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 20 16 16 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 21 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 22 d d NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 23 > > NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 24 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 25 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 26 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 27 /= /= NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 28 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 29 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 30 x x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 31 + + SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 32 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 33 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 34 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 35 shfl_down(x shfl_down(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 36 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 37 d d NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 38 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 39 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 40 return return NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 41 x x NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 42 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 43 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 44 Reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 45 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 46 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 47 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 48 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 49 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 50 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 226 51 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 1 An an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 2 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 4 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 6 Harris Harris NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 7 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 8 2007 2007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 10 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 11 approaches approach VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 13 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 14 bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 17 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 18 tested test VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 227 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 1 Parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 2 prefix prefix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 3 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 5 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 7 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 8 prefix prefix JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 9 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 10 takes take VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 12 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 13 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 14 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 15 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 16 most most RBS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 17 commonly commonly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 18 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 19 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 21 applies apply VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 22 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 23 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 24 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 25 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 27 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 228 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 3 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 4 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 5 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 7 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 8 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 10 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 12 prefix prefix JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 13 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 14 returns return NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 15 ½a0 ½a0 ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 16 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 17 ða0 ða0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 18 a1Þ a1Þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 19 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 20 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 21 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 22 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 23 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 24 ða0 ða0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 25 a1 a1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 26 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 27 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 28 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 29 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 30 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 31 1Þ 1þ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 32 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 229 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 2 prefix prefix JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 3 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 5 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 6 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 9 calculation calculation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 10 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 11 seems seem VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 12 inherently inherently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 13 serial serial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 14 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 15 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 16 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 17 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 18 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 19 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 20 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 22 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 23 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 24 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 230 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 1 Let let VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 2 us -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 3 consider consider VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 5 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 6 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 9 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 10 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 11 first first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 13 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 14 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 15 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 16 Hillis Hillis NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 17 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 18 Steele Steele NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 19 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 20 1986 1986 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 21 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 231 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 3 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 5 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 232 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 1 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 4 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 6 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 7 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 8 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 9 apply apply VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 11 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 12 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 13 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 15 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 16 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 18 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 19 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 21 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 22 ’s ’s , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 233 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 2 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 3 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 5 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 6 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 7 element element NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 9 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 10 takes take VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 11 log2 log2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 12 n n XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 13 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 14 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 15 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 17 complete complete VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 234 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 3 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 4 O(nlog2n o(nlog2n RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 5 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 6 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 7 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 235 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 2 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 4 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 5 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 6 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 7 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 8 n n IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 9 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 10 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 13 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 14 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 15 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 16 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 17 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 18 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 19 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 236 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 2 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 3 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 4 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 6 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 7 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 9 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 10 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 11 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 12 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 13 Sum Sum NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 14 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 15 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 237 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 238 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 10 13/37 13/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 14 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 17 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 18 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 19 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 20 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 21 provide provide VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 22 significantly significantly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 23 better well JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 24 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 25 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 26 practice practice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 239 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 2 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 3 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 6 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 8 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 9 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 10 1990 1990 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 11 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 240 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 4 separated separate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 5 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 6 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 7 phases phase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 9 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 10 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 11 upsweep upsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 12 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 13 phase phase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 14 similar similar JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 15 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 17 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 18 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 19 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 20 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 21 downsweep downsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 22 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 23 phase phase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 241 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 2 give give VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 3 pseudocode pseudocode NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 6 upsweep upsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 7 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 8 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 9 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 12 downsweep downsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 13 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 14 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 15 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 16 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 17 phases phase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 18 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 19 following follow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 21 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 23 Harris Harris NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 25 Sengupta Sengupta NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 26 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 27 Owens Owens NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 28 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 29 2007 2007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 30 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 242 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 1 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 3 Simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 4 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 5 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 6 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 243 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 1 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 3 Simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 4 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 5 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 7 d=1 d=1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 9 log2n log2n NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 10 do do VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 11 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 13 k=0 k=0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 15 n-1 n-1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 17 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 18 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 19 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 20 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 21 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 22 2d-1 2d-1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 23 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 24 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 25 x[k x[k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 26 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 27 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 28 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 29 x[k x[k NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 30 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 31 2d-1 2d-1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 32 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 33 + + SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 34 x[k x[k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 35 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 36 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 37 end end VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 38 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 39 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 40 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 41 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 42 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 43 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 44 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 45 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 46 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 47 upsweep upsweep NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 48 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 49 offset offset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 50 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 51 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 52 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 53 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 54 d= d= JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 55 log2 log2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 56 n n CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 57 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 58 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 59 do do VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 60 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 61 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 62 k=0 k=0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 63 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 64 n-1 n-1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 65 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 66 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 67 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 68 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 69 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 70 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 71 < < XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 72 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 73 d-1 d-1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 74 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 75 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 76 ai ai NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 77 = = NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 78 offset offset VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 79 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 80 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 81 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 82 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 83 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 84 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 85 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 86 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 87 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 88 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 89 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 90 bi bi NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 91 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 92 offset offset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 93 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 94 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 95 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 96 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 97 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 98 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 99 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 100 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 101 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 102 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 103 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 104 x[bi x[bi NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 105 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 106 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 107 x[bi x[bi ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 108 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 109 + + ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 110 x[ai x[ai . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 111 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 112 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 113 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 114 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 115 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 116 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 117 offset offset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 118 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 119 offset offset VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 120 * * NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 121 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 122 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 123 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 124 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 125 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 126 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 127 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 128 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 129 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 130 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 131 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 132 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 244 133 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 10 14/37 14/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 13 Figures Figures NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 14 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 16 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 17 show show NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 18 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 19 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 21 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 22 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 23 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 24 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 25 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 26 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 27 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 28 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 29 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 30 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 32 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 33 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 34 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 35 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 36 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 37 excludes exclude VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 38 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 39 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 40 itself -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 41 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 245 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 1 Solid solid JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 2 lines line NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 3 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 4 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 5 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 7 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 8 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 11 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 13 dotted dotted JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 14 lines line NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 15 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 16 replacement replacement NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 19 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 20 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 21 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 23 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 24 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 246 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 1 O(n o(n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 2 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 3 additions addition NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 5 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 7 both both CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 9 upsweep upsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 11 downsweep downsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 12 phase phase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 13 resulting result VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 16 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 17 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 18 efficiency efficiency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 19 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 21 serial serial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 22 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 247 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 2 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 3 variation variation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 5 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 6 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 7 processes process VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 8 contiguous contiguous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 9 blocks block NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 11 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 12 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 13 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 14 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 15 head head NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 16 flags flag NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 17 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 18 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 19 easily easily RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 20 formulated formulate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 248 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 3 achieved achieve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 4 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 5 creating create VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 7 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 8 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 9 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 10 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 11 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 12 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 13 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 249 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 2 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 3 tests test VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 5 equality equality NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 8 keys key NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 10 sums sum VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 12 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 13 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 14 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 15 belong belong VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 18 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 19 sequence sequence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 250 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 3 discussed discuss VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 4 further further RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 6 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 7 Scan Scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 9 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 10 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 11 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 12 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 14 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 15 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 16 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 17 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 18 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 19 upsweep upsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 20 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 251 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 1 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 2 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 3 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 4 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 5 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 6 downsweep downsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 7 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 8 offset offset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 9 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 10 2log2n 2log2n CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 11 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 12 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 13 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 14 x[n x[n NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 15 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 16 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 17 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 18 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 19 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 20 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 22 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 23 d=1 d=1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 24 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 25 log2n log2n NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 26 do do VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 27 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 28 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 29 k=0 k=0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 30 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 31 n-1 n-1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 32 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 33 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 34 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 35 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 36 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 37 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 38 < < XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 39 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 40 d-1 d-1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 41 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 42 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 43 ai ai NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 44 = = NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 45 offset offset VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 46 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 47 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 48 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 49 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 50 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 51 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 52 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 53 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 54 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 55 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 56 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 57 bi bi NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 58 = = NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 59 offset offset VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 60 � � , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 61 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 62 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 63 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 64 k k NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 65 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 66 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 67 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 68 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 69 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 70 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 71 t t NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 72 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 73 x[ai x[ai . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 74 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 75 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 76 x[ai x[ai NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 77 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 78 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 79 x[bi x[bi ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 80 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 81 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 82 x[bi x[bi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 83 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 84 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 85 x[bi x[bi ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 86 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 87 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 88 t t NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 89 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 90 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 91 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 92 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 93 13 13 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 94 offset offset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 95 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 96 offset/2 offset/2 ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 97 14 14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 98 end end VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 99 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 100 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 101 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 102 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 103 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 104 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 105 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 106 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 107 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 252 108 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 10 15/37 15/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 13 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 14 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 15 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 16 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 17 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 18 implemented implement VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 19 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 20 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 21 intrinsics intrinsic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 22 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 23 create create VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 24 fast fast JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 25 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 26 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 27 prefix prefix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 28 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 29 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 30 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 32 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 33 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 34 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 35 Fig Fig NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 253 36 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 254 1 4 4 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 254 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 1 Code code NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 2 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 3 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 5 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 7 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 8 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 255 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 1 Although although IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 3 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 4 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 5 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 7 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 8 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 9 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 11 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 12 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 13 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 14 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 16 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 17 arrays array NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 19 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 20 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 256 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 2 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 3 Warp Warp NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 4 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 5 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 6 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 7 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 8 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 9 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 10 float float NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 11 warp_scan(float warp_scan(float NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 12 x x LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 13 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 14 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 15 int int NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 16 lane_id lane_id NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 17 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 18 threadIdx.x threadidx.x JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 19 % % NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 20 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 21 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 22 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 23 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 24 int int NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 25 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 26 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 27 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 28 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 29 d d NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 30 < < XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 31 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 32 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 33 d d NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 34 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 35 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 36 2 2 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 37 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 38 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 39 float float NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 40 tmp tmp NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 41 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 42 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 43 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 44 shfl_up(x shfl_up(x NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 45 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 46 d d NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 47 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 48 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 49 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 50 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 51 lane_id lane_id NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 52 > > XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 53 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 54 offset offset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 55 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 56 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 57 x x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 58 + + SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 59 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 60 tmp tmp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 61 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 62 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 63 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 64 return return NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 65 x x NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 66 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 67 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 68 Radix Radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 69 sort sort NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 70 Radix Radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 71 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 72 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 73 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 74 follows follow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 75 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 76 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 77 ability ability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 78 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 79 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 80 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 81 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 257 82 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 2 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 3 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 4 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 6 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 7 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 8 calculate calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 10 scatter scatter NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 11 offsets offset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 13 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 14 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 16 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 17 radix radix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 18 digit digit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 19 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 20 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 21 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 22 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 23 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 24 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 25 Fig Fig NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 258 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 259 1 7 7 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 259 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 1 Flagging flag VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 2 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 3 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 4 0 0 NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 5 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 6 digits digit VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 7 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 9 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 11 performing perform VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 12 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 13 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 14 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 15 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 16 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 17 flags flag NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 18 gives give VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 20 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 21 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 23 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 24 zero zero CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 25 digits digit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 260 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 2 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 3 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 4 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 5 digits digit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 6 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 7 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 8 placed place VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 9 after after RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 10 all all RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 11 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 12 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 13 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 14 digits digit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 16 therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 18 final final JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 19 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 22 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 23 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 24 ’s ’s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 25 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 26 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 27 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 28 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 30 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 31 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 32 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 34 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 35 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 36 ’s ’s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 37 plus plus CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 38 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 39 total total JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 40 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 41 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 42 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 43 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 44 ’s ’s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 261 45 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 2 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 3 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 5 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 7 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 8 digits digit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 9 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 10 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 11 need need VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 13 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 14 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 16 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 17 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 18 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 19 inferred infer VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 20 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 22 array array NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 23 index index NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 24 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 26 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 27 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 28 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 29 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 30 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 31 ’s ’s NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 262 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 2 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 4 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 5 index index NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 6 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 7 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 8 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 9 0-based 0-based CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 10 indexing indexing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 11 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 13 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 14 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 15 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 16 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 17 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 19 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 22 ‘ ‘ NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 23 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 24 ’s ’s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 25 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 26 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 27 there there EX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 28 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 29 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 30 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 31 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 32 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 33 ’s ’s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 34 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 35 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 36 digit digit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 37 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 38 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 39 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 40 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 41 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 42 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 263 43 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 1 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 2 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 3 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 4 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 5 downsweep downsweep NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 6 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 264 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 265 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 10 16/37 16/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 13 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 14 basic basic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 15 radix radix NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 16 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 17 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 18 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 19 sorts sort VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 20 unsigned unsigned JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 21 integers integer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 22 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 23 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 24 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 25 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 26 extended extend VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 27 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 28 correctly correctly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 29 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 30 signed sign VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 31 integers integer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 32 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 33 floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 34 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 35 numbers number NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 36 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 37 simple simple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 38 bitwise bitwise NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 39 transformations transformation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 266 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 1 Fast fast JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 2 implementations implementation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 4 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 5 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 6 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 7 perform perform VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 9 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 10 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 11 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 12 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 13 bits bit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 16 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 17 pass pass NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 267 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 1 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 2 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 3 Grimshaw Grimshaw NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 5 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 7 show show VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 9 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 10 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 12 practical practical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 13 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 15 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 16 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 17 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 268 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 1 They -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 2 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 3 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 5 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 6 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 7 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 9 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 10 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 11 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 13 claim claim VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 14 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 15 have have VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 17 fastest fast JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 18 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 19 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 21 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 22 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 23 programmable programmable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 24 microarchitecture microarchitecture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 269 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 1 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 3 Radix Radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 4 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 5 pass pass NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 6 Input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 7 :X :X `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 8 Output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 9 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 10 Y y NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 13 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 14 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 15 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 17 n n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 18 - - SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 19 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 21 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 22 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 23 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 24 F[i F[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 25 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 26 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 27 = = NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 28 bit_flip(X[i bit_flip(X[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 29 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 30 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 31 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 32 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 33 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 34 S s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 35 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 36 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 37 exclusive_scan(F exclusive_scan(f FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 38 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 39 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 40 r r NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 41 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 42 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 43 S[n S[n NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 44 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 45 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 46 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 47 + + NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 48 F[n F[n NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 49 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 50 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 51 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 52 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 53 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 54 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 55 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 56 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 57 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 58 n n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 59 - - SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 60 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 61 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 62 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 63 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 64 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 65 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 66 X[i X[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 67 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 68 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 69 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 70 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 71 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 72 A[i A[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 73 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 74 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 75 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 76 S[i s[i CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 77 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 78 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 79 else else RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 80 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 81 X[i X[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 82 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 83 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 84 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 85 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 86 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 87 A[i A[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 88 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 89 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 90 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 91 i i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 92 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 93 S[i S[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 94 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 95 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 96 r r NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 97 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 98 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 99 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 100 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 101 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 102 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 103 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 104 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 105 n n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 106 - - SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 107 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 108 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 109 parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 110 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 111 13 13 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 112 Y[A[i y[a[i NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 113 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 114 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 115 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 116 = = NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 117 X[i X[i NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 118 ] ] -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 119 14 14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 120 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 121 Figure Figure NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 122 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 123 Radix Radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 124 sort sort NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 125 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 270 126 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 271 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 10 17/37 17/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 13 Scan Scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 15 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 16 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 17 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 18 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 19 Variations Variations NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 20 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 21 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 22 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 23 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 24 consider consider VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 25 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 26 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 27 contained contain VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 28 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 30 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 31 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 32 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 33 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 34 identified identify VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 35 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 36 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 37 flags flag NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 272 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 3 useful useful JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 5 building building NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 6 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 7 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 8 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 10 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 11 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 12 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 13 repartitioned repartitione VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 14 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 15 smaller small JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 16 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 17 smaller small JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 18 groups group NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 19 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 20 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 21 build build VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 23 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 273 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 2 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 3 describe describe VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 5 input input JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 6 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 8 containing contain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 9 either either CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 10 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 11 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 12 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 13 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 14 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 15 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 16 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 17 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 274 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 2 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 7 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 8 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 9 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 10 demarcated demarcate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 11 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 12 flags flag NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 275 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 2 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 4 mixed mix VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 5 up up RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 7 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 8 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 9 reside reside VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 10 contiguously contiguously RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 12 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 276 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 4 contrast contrast NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 6 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 7 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 9 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 10 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 11 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 12 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 13 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 14 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 277 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 2 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 3 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 4 reside reside VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 5 contiguously contiguously RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 7 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 278 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 1 Segmented segment VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 2 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 3 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 4 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 5 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 6 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 7 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 8 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 10 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 12 Table Table NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 13 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 14 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 16 conventional conventional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 17 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 18 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 19 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 21 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 22 Parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 23 prefix prefix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 24 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 25 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 26 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 27 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 28 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 29 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 30 modifying modify VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 32 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 33 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 34 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 35 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 36 accept accept VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 37 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 38 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 39 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 279 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 8 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 9 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 10 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 11 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 12 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 14 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 15 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 280 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 2 resets reset VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 4 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 5 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 7 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 8 changes change NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 281 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 2 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 3 Segmented Segmented NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 4 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 5 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 6 KeyValue KeyValue NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 7 op(KeyValue op(keyvalue NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 10 KeyValue KeyValue NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 11 b b NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 13 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 14 if(a.key if(a.key NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 15 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 16 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 17 b.key b.key UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 18 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 19 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 20 b.value b.value CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 21 + + SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 22 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 23 a.value a.value UH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 24 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 25 return return NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 26 b b NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 27 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 28 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 29 else else RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 30 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 31 return return NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 32 b b NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 33 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 34 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 35 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 36 Segmented segment VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 37 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 38 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 39 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 40 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 41 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 42 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 43 implemented implement VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 44 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 45 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 46 applying apply VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 47 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 48 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 49 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 50 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 51 above above RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 52 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 53 collecting collect VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 54 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 55 final final JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 56 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 57 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 58 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 59 sequence sequence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 282 60 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 3 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 5 last last JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 6 element element NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 9 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 11 equivalent equivalent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 12 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 14 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 283 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 284 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 284 2 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 284 3 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 284 4 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 284 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 1 Sequence sequence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 2 I -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 3 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 4 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 5 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 7 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 9 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 10 Values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 12 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 13 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 15 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 16 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 17 Values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 18 scan scan VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 19 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 20 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 21 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 22 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 23 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 24 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 25 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 26 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 27 Segmented Segmented NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 28 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 285 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 1 Sequence sequence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 2 I -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 3 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 4 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 5 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 6 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 7 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 9 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 10 Values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 12 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 13 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 15 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 16 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 17 Values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 18 scan scan VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 19 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 20 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 22 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 23 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 24 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 25 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 26 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 27 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 28 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 29 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 30 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 31 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 32 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 33 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 286 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 10 18/37 18/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 13 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 14 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 15 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 16 multireduce multireduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 17 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 18 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 19 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 20 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 21 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 22 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 23 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 24 commonly commonly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 25 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 26 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 28 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 29 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 287 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 1 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 2 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 4 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 5 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 7 conventional conventional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 9 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 10 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 12 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 13 Reduction Reduction NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 14 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 16 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 18 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 19 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 20 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 21 passed pass VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 22 up up RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 24 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 25 instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 28 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 29 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 31 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 32 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 33 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 34 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 35 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 36 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 37 sequence sequence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 288 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 1 As as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 3 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 5 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 6 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 7 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 8 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 9 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 10 ’ ’ POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 11 increases increase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 13 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 14 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 15 becomes become VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 16 impractical impractical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 17 due due IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 18 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 19 limits limit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 20 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 21 temporary temporary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 22 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 23 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 24 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 26 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 27 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 28 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 289 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 2 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 4 alternatively alternatively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 6 formulated formulate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 9 histogram histogram NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 10 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 11 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 12 atomic atomic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 13 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 15 shared shared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 16 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 290 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 1 Atomic atomic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 2 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 3 allow allow VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 4 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 5 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 7 safely safely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 8 read read VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 9 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 10 write write VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 12 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 13 piece piece NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 15 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 291 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 2 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 3 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 5 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 7 kept keep VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 9 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 10 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 11 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 13 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 14 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 15 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 292 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 2 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 4 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 5 read read VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 6 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 7 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 8 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 10 increment increment VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 12 appropriate appropriate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 13 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 14 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 15 atomic atomic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 16 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 293 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 1 When when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 2 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 3 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 4 contend contend VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 6 atomic atomic NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 7 read read VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 8 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 9 write write VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 10 access access NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 11 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 13 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 14 piece piece NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 16 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 17 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 18 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 19 serialised serialise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 294 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 1 Therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 4 histogram histogram NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 5 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 6 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 7 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 8 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 9 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 10 result result VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 13 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 14 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 15 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 16 being be VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 17 serialised serialise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 18 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 295 19 i.e. i.e. FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 1 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 2 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 3 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 5 operate operate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 6 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 8 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 296 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 1 As as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 3 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 5 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 6 increases increase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 7 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 8 contention contention NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 10 reduced reduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 297 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 3 reason reason NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 5 histogram histogram NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 6 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 7 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 8 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 9 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 10 appropriate appropriate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 11 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 13 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 14 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 15 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 16 distributed distribute VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 17 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 19 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 20 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 21 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 22 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 298 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 1 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 2 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 4 multiscan multiscan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 5 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 6 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 7 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 8 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 10 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 11 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 12 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 13 commonly commonly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 14 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 17 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 18 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 299 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 2 multiscan multiscan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 3 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 5 implemented implement VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 7 like like IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 8 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 10 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 11 passing pass VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 13 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 15 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 16 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 17 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 18 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 20 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 21 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 22 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 300 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 2 increases increase VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 4 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 5 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 6 requirements requirement NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 7 proportionally proportionally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 8 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 10 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 12 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 301 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 1 General general JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 2 purpose purpose NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 3 multiscan multiscan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 5 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 7 discussed discuss VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 9 Eilers Eilers NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 11 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 13 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 15 conclusion conclusion NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 16 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 17 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 18 multiscan multiscan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 19 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 20 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 21 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 22 recommended recommend VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 23 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 24 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 25 general general JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 26 building building NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 27 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 28 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 29 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 30 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 32 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 33 However however RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 34 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 35 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 36 practical practical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 37 implementations implementation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 38 exist exist VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 39 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 40 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 41 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 42 up up RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 43 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 44 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 45 limited limited JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 46 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 47 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 48 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 49 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 50 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 51 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 52 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 53 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 54 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 55 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 56 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 57 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 58 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 59 exceed exceed VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 60 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 61 capacity capacity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 62 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 63 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 64 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 302 65 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 2 capacity capacity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 5 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 7 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 8 case case NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 9 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 10 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 12 amount amount NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 14 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 16 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 17 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 18 available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 19 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 20 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 21 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 22 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 23 store store VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 24 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 25 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 26 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 27 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 303 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 1 Merill Merill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 3 Grimshaw Grimshaw NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 4 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 5 optimised optimised JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 6 radix radix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 7 sort sort NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 8 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 9 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 10 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 11 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 12 NVIDIA NVIDIA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 13 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 14 Labs Labs NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 16 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 17 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 18 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 19 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 20 Grimshaw Grimshaw NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 21 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 22 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 23 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 25 mentioned mention VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 26 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 27 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 28 Radix Radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 29 sort sort NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 31 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 32 relies rely VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 33 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 34 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 35 eight eight CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 36 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 37 way way NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 38 multiscan multiscan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 39 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 40 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 41 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 42 calculate calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 43 scatter scatter NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 44 addresses address NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 45 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 46 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 47 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 48 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 49 bits bit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 50 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 51 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 52 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 53 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 54 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 55 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 56 pass pass NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 304 57 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 1 Floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 2 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 3 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 4 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 5 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 6 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 9 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 10 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 11 represents represent VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 12 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 13 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 14 Hessian Hessian NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 15 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 16 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 17 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 18 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 19 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 20 floats float NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 305 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 2 intermediate intermediate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 3 summations summation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 5 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 6 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 7 64 64 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 8 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 9 doubles double NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 10 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 11 control control VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 12 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 14 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 15 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 16 floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 17 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 18 addition addition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 306 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 3 problematic problematic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 4 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 5 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 6 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 9 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 11 intermediate intermediate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 12 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 13 involved involve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 16 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 17 scales scale VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 18 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 20 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 21 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 307 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 1 Using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 2 doubles double NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 3 significantly significantly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 4 increases increase VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 6 usage usage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 8 scarce scarce JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 9 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 11 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 12 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 13 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 14 moreover moreover RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 16 gaming game VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 17 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 18 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 19 optimised optimise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 21 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 22 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 23 floating floating JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 24 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 25 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 26 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 27 give give VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 28 relatively relatively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 29 poor poor JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 30 double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 31 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 32 throughput throughput NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 308 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 309 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 10 19/37 19/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 13 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 14 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 15 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 17 theoretical theoretical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 18 GFLOPs gflop NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 19 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 20 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 21 cards card NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 22 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 23 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 24 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 25 benchmarking benchmarke VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 310 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 2 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 3 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 4 GFLOPs gflop NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 5 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 6 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 8 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 9 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 10 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 12 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 13 cores core NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 14 � � JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 15 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 16 clock clock NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 17 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 18 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 19 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 20 GHz GHz NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 21 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 22 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 23 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 25 factor factor NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 27 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 28 represents represent VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 30 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 31 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 32 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 33 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 34 required require VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 35 FMA FMA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 36 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 37 fused fuse VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 38 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 39 multiply multiply NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 40 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 41 add add NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 42 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 43 instruction instruction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 311 44 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 1 Both both DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 2 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 3 cards card NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 4 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 5 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 6 times time NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 7 more more JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 8 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 9 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 10 ALUs alu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 11 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 12 arithmetic arithmetic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 13 logic logic NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 14 units unit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 16 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 17 double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 18 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 19 ALUs alu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 21 resulting result VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 23 1/32 1/32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 25 theoretical theoretical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 26 double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 27 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 28 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 312 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 1 Therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 3 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 5 relying rely VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 6 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 7 double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 8 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 9 arithmetic arithmetic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 10 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 11 have have VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 12 severely severely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 13 limited limit VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 14 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 15 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 16 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 17 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 313 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 3 test test VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 5 loss loss NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 7 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 8 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 9 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 10 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 11 floating floating JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 12 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 13 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 14 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 15 see see VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 16 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 17 double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 18 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 19 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 20 necessary necessary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 21 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 22 considering consider VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 23 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 24 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 25 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 26 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 27 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 28 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 29 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 30 summing sum VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 31 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 32 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 33 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 34 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 35 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 36 random random JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 37 numbers number NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 314 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 1 Sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 2 double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 3 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 4 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 6 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 9 baseline baseline NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 11 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 13 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 14 measured measure VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 17 absolute absolute JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 18 difference difference NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 19 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 21 baseline baseline NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 315 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 2 experiment experiment NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 4 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 5 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 6 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 7 million million CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 8 random random JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 9 numbers number NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 10 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 11 -1 -1 . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 13 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 15 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 16 100 100 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 17 repeats repeat NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 316 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 2 mean mean JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 3 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 5 standard standard JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 6 deviation deviation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 8 reported report VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 10 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 11 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 317 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 2 Thrust thrust JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 3 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 7 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 9 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 10 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 11 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 12 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 13 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 14 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 318 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 2 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 3 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 4 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 5 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 6 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 7 dramatically dramatically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 8 superior superior JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 9 numerical numerical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 10 stability stability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 11 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 12 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 14 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 15 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 16 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 17 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 319 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 3 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 5 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 7 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 8 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 9 grows grow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 10 proportionally proportionally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 11 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 12 O(logn O(logn NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 13 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 16 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 18 O(n o(n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 19 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 21 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 22 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 23 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 24 Higham Higham NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 25 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 26 1993 1993 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 27 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 320 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 2 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 3 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 5 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 6 Fig Fig NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 321 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 1 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 3 commonly commonly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 4 referred refer VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 6 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 7 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 8 pairwise pairwise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 9 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 10 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 12 literature literature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 13 relating relate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 15 floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 16 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 17 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 322 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 2 average average JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 3 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 5 0.0007 0.0007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 6 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 7 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 8 million million CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 9 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 10 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 12 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 13 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 14 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 15 more more JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 16 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 17 acceptable acceptable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 18 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 20 purposes purpose NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 21 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 22 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 23 boosting boosting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 323 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 2 results result NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 3 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 4 suggests suggest VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 5 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 7 sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 8 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 9 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 11 original original JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 12 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 13 could could MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 14 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 15 safely safely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 16 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 17 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 18 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 19 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 20 floats float NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 324 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 2 mean mean JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 3 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 5 0.0694 0.0694 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 6 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 7 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 8 million million CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 9 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 11 very very RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 12 unlikely unlikely JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 14 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 15 significant significant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 16 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 19 noise noise NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 20 typically typically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 21 present present JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 24 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 25 sets set NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 26 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 27 supervised supervise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 28 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 29 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 325 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 1 Building building NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 3 classifiers classifier NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 4 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 5 GPUs GPUs NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 6 Graphics Graphics NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 7 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 8 unit unit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 9 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 10 accelerated accelerate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 11 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 12 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 14 forests forest NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 15 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 16 been be VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 17 studied study VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 18 as as RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 19 early early RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 20 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 21 2008 2008 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 23 Sharp Sharp NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 24 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 25 2008 2008 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 26 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 27 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 29 purpose purpose NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 31 object object NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 32 recognition recognition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 33 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 34 achieving achieve VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 35 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 36 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 37 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 38 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 39 100 100 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 40 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 41 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 42 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 43 task task NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 326 44 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 1 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 2 forests forest NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 3 were be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 4 mapped map VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 7 2-D 2-d CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 8 texture texture NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 9 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 11 trained train VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 12 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 13 evaluated evaluate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 14 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 15 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 16 pixel pixel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 18 vertex vertex NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 19 shaders shader NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 327 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 2 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 3 general general JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 4 purpose purpose NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 5 random random JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 6 forest forest NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 7 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 9 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 11 Grahn Grahn NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 12 et et NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 13 al al NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 328 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 2 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 4 showing show VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 5 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 7 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 8 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 9 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 10 GFLOPs gflop NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 329 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 1 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 2 Single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 3 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 4 Double double JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 5 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 6 GTX gtx NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 7 970 970 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 8 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 9 Maxwell Maxwell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 11 3,494 3,494 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 12 109 109 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 13 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 14 X X NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 15 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 16 Pascal Pascal NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 17 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 18 10,157 10,157 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 19 317 317 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 20 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 21 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 22 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 23 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 24 floating floating JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 25 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 26 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 330 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 1 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 2 Mean Mean NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 3 error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 4 SD sd NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 5 Sequential sequential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 6 0.0694 0.0694 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 7 0.0520 0.0520 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 8 Parallel parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 9 0.0007 0.0007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 10 0.0005 0.0005 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 11 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 13 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 14 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 15 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 16 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 18 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 19 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 331 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 10 20/37 20/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 13 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 14 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 15 30 30 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 16 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 17 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 18 state state NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 19 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 21 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 23 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 24 art art NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 25 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 26 implementations implementation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 27 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 28 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 29 numbers number NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 31 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 332 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 2 authors author NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 3 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 5 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 6 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 7 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 9 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 11 launched launch VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 13 construct construct VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 14 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 15 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 18 ensemble ensemble NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 333 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 2 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 4 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 6 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 7 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 8 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 11 SPRINT sprint JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 12 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 13 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 14 inducer inducer NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 15 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 16 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 17 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 18 Chiu Chiu NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 20 Luo Luo NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 21 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 22 Yuan Yuan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 23 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 24 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 25 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 334 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 335 1 No no DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 335 2 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 335 3 results result NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 335 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 335 5 reported report VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 335 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 1 Another another DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 2 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 4 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 5 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 7 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 9 Lo Lo NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 10 et et FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 11 al al NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 336 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 337 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 337 2 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 337 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 337 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 1 They -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 2 report report VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 3 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 5 5–55 5–55 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 6 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 7 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 8 WEKA WEKA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 9 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 10 Java Java NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 11 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 12 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 13 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 15 C4.5 C4.5 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 16 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 17 Quinlan Quinlan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 18 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 19 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 20 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 21 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 22 called call VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 23 J48 J48 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 26 18 18 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 27 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 28 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 29 SPRINT SPRINT NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 338 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 3 processes process VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 4 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 5 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 6 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 8 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 12 result result NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 13 scales scale VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 14 poorly poorly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 15 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 16 higher high JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 17 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 18 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 19 due due JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 20 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 21 higher high JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 22 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 23 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 24 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 25 overhead overhead NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 26 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 27 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 28 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 29 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 30 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 31 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 339 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 1 Nasridinov Nasridinov NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 3 Lee Lee NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 4 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 5 Park Park NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 6 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 7 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 8 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 9 describe describe VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 11 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 12 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 13 accelerated accelerate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 14 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 16 ID3 ID3 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 17 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 18 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 19 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 21 showing show VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 22 moderate moderate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 23 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 24 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 25 WEKA WEKA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 26 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 27 ID3 ID3 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 28 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 340 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 1 Nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 2 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 3 processed process VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 4 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 5 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 7 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 9 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 10 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 11 resorted resort VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 12 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 13 every every DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 14 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 341 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 1 Strnad Strnad NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 2 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 3 Nerat Nerat NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 5 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 7 devise devise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 9 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 10 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 11 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 12 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 13 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 14 stores store VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 15 batches batch NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 17 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 19 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 20 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 21 queue queue NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 22 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 24 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 26 processes process VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 27 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 28 units unit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 29 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 30 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 31 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 33 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 342 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 1 They -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 2 achieve achieve VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 3 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 5 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 6 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 7 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 9 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 10 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 11 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 12 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 13 data data NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 14 sets set NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 16 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 19 multithreaded multithreade VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 20 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 21 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 343 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 1 Instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 2 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 3 resorted resort VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 4 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 5 every every DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 6 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 7 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 8 Strnad Strnad NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 9 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 10 Nerat Nerat NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 12 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 13 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 344 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 2 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 3 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 5 combination combination NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 7 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 8 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 9 differentiating differentiate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 10 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 12 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 13 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 14 approaches approach NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 345 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 1 First first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 3 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 4 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 5 processes process VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 7 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 10 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 11 concurrently concurrently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 13 allowing allow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 14 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 15 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 16 scale scale VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 17 beyond beyond IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 18 trivial trivial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 19 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 20 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 21 near near IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 22 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 23 run run NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 24 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 25 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 346 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 4 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 6 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 7 processes process VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 8 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 9 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 10 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 12 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 13 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 14 incur incur VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 16 nontrivial nontrivial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 17 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 18 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 19 launch launch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 20 overhead overhead NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 21 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 22 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 23 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 24 processed process VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 347 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 1 Additionally additionally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 3 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 5 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 6 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 8 recursively recursively RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 9 partitioned partition VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 10 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 11 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 12 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 15 average average JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 16 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 18 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 19 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 21 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 22 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 23 decreases decrease VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 24 rapidly rapidly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 348 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 1 Processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 3 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 4 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 6 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 7 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 10 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 11 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 12 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 13 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 14 severely severely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 15 underutilise underutilise VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 17 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 349 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 2 means mean VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 4 run run NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 5 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 6 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 7 increases increase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 8 dramatically dramatically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 9 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 10 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 11 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 350 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 1 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 2 achieve achieve VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 3 state state NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 4 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 6 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 9 art art NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 10 results result NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 12 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 13 mining mining NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 14 competitions competition NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 15 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 16 found find VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 17 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 18 users user NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 19 very very RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 20 commonly commonly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 21 required require VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 22 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 23 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 24 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 25 greater great JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 26 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 27 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 28 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 29 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 351 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 2 contradicts contradict VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 4 conventional conventional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 5 wisdom wisdom NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 6 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 9 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 11 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 12 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 14 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 15 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 16 sufficient sufficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 17 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 18 most most JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 19 boosting boosting JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 20 applications application NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 21 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 22 Friedman Friedman NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 24 Hastie Hastie NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 25 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 26 Tibshirani Tibshirani NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 27 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 28 2001 2001 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 29 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 352 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 2 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 4 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 5 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 6 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 7 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 9 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 10 concurrently concurrently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 11 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 12 far far RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 13 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 14 practical practical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 15 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 16 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 17 setting setting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 353 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 1 Secondly secondly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 3 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 4 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 5 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 6 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 8 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 10 hybrid hybrid JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 11 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 12 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 13 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 14 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 16 so so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 17 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 18 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 19 use use VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 21 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 22 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 23 computation computation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 354 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 2 find find VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 3 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 4 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 5 stages stage NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 9 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 10 algorithm algorithm RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 11 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 12 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 13 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 14 completed complete VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 15 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 17 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 355 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 2 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 4 conscious conscious JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 5 design design NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 6 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 8 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 10 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 12 bottleneck bottleneck NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 14 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 15 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 16 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 17 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 18 transfers transfer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 356 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 1 At at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 3 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 5 writing writing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 7 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 8 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 9 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 10 transfers transfer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 11 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 12 limited limit VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 13 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 14 approximately approximately RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 15 16 16 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 16 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 17 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 18 s s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 19 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 21 bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 24 Gen Gen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 25 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 26 PCIe PCIe NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 27 standard standard NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 357 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 2 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 3 X X NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 4 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 6 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 7 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 8 benchmarking benchmarking NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 9 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 10 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 11 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 12 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 13 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 14 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 15 bandwidth bandwidth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 17 480 480 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 18 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 19 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 20 s s NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 21 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 22 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 23 factor factor NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 24 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 25 30 30 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 26 times time NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 27 greater great JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 358 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 1 Consequently consequently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 3 applications application NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 4 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 5 move move VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 6 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 7 back back RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 9 forward forward RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 10 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 12 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 14 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 15 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 16 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 17 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 18 able able JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 19 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 20 achieve achieve VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 21 peak peak NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 22 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 359 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 1 Building build VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 3 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 4 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 5 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 7 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 8 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 9 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 11 disadvantage disadvantage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 12 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 14 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 15 often often RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 16 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 17 significantly significantly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 18 lower low JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 19 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 20 capacity capacity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 21 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 23 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 360 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 1 Despite despite IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 5 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 6 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 7 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 9 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 10 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 11 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 12 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 13 very very RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 14 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 15 benchmark benchmark JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 16 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 17 entirely entirely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 19 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 20 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 21 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 22 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 23 commodity commodity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 24 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 361 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 362 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 10 21/37 21/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 13 Thirdly thirdly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 15 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 16 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 17 implements implement VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 19 sparsity sparsity NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 20 aware aware JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 21 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 22 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 23 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 24 introduced introduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 25 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 26 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 363 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 2 allows allow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 3 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 4 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 5 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 6 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 7 sparse sparse JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 8 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 9 matrices matrix NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 11 terms term NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 13 run run NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 14 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 15 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 16 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 17 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 18 usage usage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 364 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 4 contrast contrast NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 6 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 7 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 9 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 10 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 365 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 1 Additionally additionally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 3 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 4 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 6 provided provide VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 9 part part NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 12 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 13 featured feature VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 14 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 15 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 16 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 366 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 2 implements implement VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 3 regression regression NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 5 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 6 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 8 multiclass multiclass VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 9 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 11 ranking rank VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 12 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 14 generalised generalise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 15 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 16 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 17 framework framework NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 19 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 21 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 22 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 23 active active JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 24 user user NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 25 base base NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 367 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 1 No no DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 2 published publish VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 3 implementations implementation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 4 exist exist VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 6 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 9 existing exist VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 10 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 11 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 12 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 13 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 14 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 15 above above RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 17 making make VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 18 direct direct JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 19 comparison comparison NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 20 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 22 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 23 presented present VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 24 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 25 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 26 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 27 infeasible infeasible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 368 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 1 PARALLEL parallel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 2 TREE tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 3 CONSTRUCTION construction VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 4 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 6 builds build VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 8 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 9 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 10 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 11 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 13 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 14 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 15 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 16 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 17 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 18 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 19 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 21 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 22 level level JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 23 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 24 wise wise JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 25 manner manner NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 369 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 1 At at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 2 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 3 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 5 search search VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 8 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 9 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 10 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 11 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 12 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 13 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 15 update update VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 17 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 19 training train VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 20 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 21 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 22 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 23 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 24 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 25 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 26 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 27 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 28 repartition repartition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 29 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 30 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 31 necessary necessary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 370 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 1 Processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 2 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 3 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 4 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 5 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 7 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 8 allows allow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 9 us -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 10 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 11 saturate saturate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 13 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 14 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 16 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 17 amount amount NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 19 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 20 available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 21 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 22 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 23 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 24 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 371 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 3 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 5 following follow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 6 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 7 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 8 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 9 phases phase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 11 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 12 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 13 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 14 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 16 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 17 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 18 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 19 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 20 reached reach VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 21 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 22 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 23 1 1 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 24 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 25 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 26 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 27 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 28 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 29 2 2 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 30 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 31 update update VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 32 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 33 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 34 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 35 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 36 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 37 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 38 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 39 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 40 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 41 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 42 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 43 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 44 necessary necessary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 45 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 372 46 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 1 Phase phase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 4 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 5 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 6 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 7 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 8 phase phase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 11 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 12 finds find VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 14 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 15 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 16 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 17 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 18 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 19 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 20 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 22 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 23 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 373 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 1 Data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 2 layout layout NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 3 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 4 facilitate facilitate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 5 enumeration enumeration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 6 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 7 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 8 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 9 points point NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 12 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 13 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 14 should should MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 15 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 16 kept keep VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 17 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 18 sorted sorted JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 19 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 374 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 1 Hence hence RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 3 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 4 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 6 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 7 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 8 layout layout NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 9 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 11 Tables Tables NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 12 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 14 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 375 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 2 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 3 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 5 paired pair VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 6 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 8 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 11 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 12 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 13 belongs belong VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 15 as as RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 16 well well RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 17 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 19 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 20 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 21 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 22 currently currently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 23 resides reside VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 24 in in RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 376 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 1 Data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 2 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 3 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 5 sparse sparse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 6 column column NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 7 major major JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 8 format format NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 10 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 11 IDs id NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 12 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 13 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 14 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 15 map map VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 16 back back RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 18 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 19 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 21 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 22 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 377 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 2 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 4 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 6 arrays array NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 8 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 9 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 378 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 3 itself -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 4 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 6 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 9 fixed fix VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 10 length length NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 11 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 12 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 13 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 14 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 15 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 16 strictly strictly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 17 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 18 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 19 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 20 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 21 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 22 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 23 known know VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 24 ahead ahead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 25 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 26 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 379 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 1 Block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 2 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 3 parallelism parallelism NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 4 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 6 above above JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 7 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 8 layout layout NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 9 notice notice VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 10 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 11 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 12 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 13 resides reside VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 16 contiguous contiguous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 17 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 18 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 19 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 20 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 21 processed process VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 22 independently independently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 380 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 2 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 3 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 4 calculate calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 6 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 7 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 10 root root NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 11 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 14 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 16 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 17 greedily greedily RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 18 select select VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 20 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 21 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 22 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 23 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 24 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 25 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 26 delegating delegate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 28 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 29 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 30 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 31 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 32 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 381 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 2 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 3 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 5 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 6 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 8 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 9 written write VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 10 out out RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 11 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 12 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 13 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 15 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 16 reduced reduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 17 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 19 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 20 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 382 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 2 downside downside NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 4 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 5 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 7 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 8 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 10 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 12 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 13 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 14 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 15 enough enough JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 17 saturate saturate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 19 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 21 streaming stream VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 22 multiprocessors multiprocessor NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 23 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 25 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 26 units unit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 27 responsible responsible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 28 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 29 executing execute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 30 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 31 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 32 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 33 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 34 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 35 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 36 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 37 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 38 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 39 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 40 utilised utilise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 383 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 1 Calculating calculate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 2 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 3 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 4 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 5 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 6 calculate calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 8 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 9 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 12 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 13 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 14 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 15 evaluate evaluate VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 16 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 384 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 2 4 4 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 4 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 5 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 6 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 7 split split JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 8 location location NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 385 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 2 depends depend VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 3 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 5 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 7 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 8 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 11 GR GR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 13 HR HR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 14 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 386 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 2 obtain obtain VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 3 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 4 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 6 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 7 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 8 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 10 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 11 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 12 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 13 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 15 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 16 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 387 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 10 22/37 22/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 13 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 15 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 16 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 18 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 19 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 20 associated associate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 21 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 22 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 23 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 24 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 388 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 2 GR GR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 4 HR hr NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 5 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 6 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 7 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 8 obtained obtain VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 9 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 10 subtracting subtract VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 11 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 12 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 14 HL HL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 16 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 18 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 19 total total NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 20 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 21 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 22 know know VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 23 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 25 parent parent NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 26 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 389 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 2 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 3 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 4 moves move NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 5 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 6 left leave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 7 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 8 right right RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 9 across across IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 11 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 12 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 14 consuming consume VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 15 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 16 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 17 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 19 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 390 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 2 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 3 herein herein NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 4 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 7 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 9 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 10 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 11 able able JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 13 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 14 processed process VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 15 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 17 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 18 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 19 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 20 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 21 iteration iteration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 391 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 2 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 3 gives give VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 5 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 8 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 9 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 10 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 11 four four CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 12 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 13 evaluating evaluate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 15 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 16 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 17 four four CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 18 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 392 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 3 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 4 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 6 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 7 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 8 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 9 scanned scan VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 11 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 12 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 13 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 14 evaluated evaluate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 393 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 2 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 3 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 4 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 5 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 7 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 9 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 11 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 12 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 13 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 15 keeps keep VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 16 track track NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 19 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 20 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 21 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 22 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 24 accompanying accompany VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 25 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 26 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 27 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 28 shared shared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 29 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 394 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 1 At at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 3 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 5 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 7 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 9 another another DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 10 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 11 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 12 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 13 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 14 all all PDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 16 warps warp NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 17 ’ ’ POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 18 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 19 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 20 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 21 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 23 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 24 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 25 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 26 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 27 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 395 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 1 Missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 2 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 3 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 4 original original JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 5 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 6 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 7 accounts account VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 9 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 10 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 11 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 12 scanning scan VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 13 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 15 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 16 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 17 twice twice RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 18 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 19 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 21 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 22 XGBoost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 23 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 24 handling handle VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 25 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 26 values’—once values’—once NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 27 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 29 forwards forwards JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 30 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 31 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 32 once once RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 33 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 34 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 35 reverse reverse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 36 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 396 37 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 1 An an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 2 alternative alternative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 3 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 4 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 5 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 6 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 7 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 8 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 10 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 11 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 12 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 13 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 14 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 15 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 17 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 18 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 19 before before IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 20 scanning scanning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 397 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 2 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 3 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 6 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 7 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 8 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 9 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 10 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 11 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 12 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 14 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 15 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 16 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 17 minus minus CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 19 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 398 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 1 If if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 3 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 6 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 7 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 8 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 10 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 11 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 12 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 13 known know VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 15 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 17 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 18 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 19 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 20 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 21 required require VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 399 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 2 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 3 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 4 chosen choose VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 5 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 7 cost cost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 10 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 11 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 12 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 13 significantly significantly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 14 less less JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 15 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 16 performing perform VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 18 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 19 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 400 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 2 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 3 Device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 4 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 5 layout layout NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 6 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 7 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 8 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 401 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 2 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 3 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 4 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 5 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 6 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 7 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 8 Gradient Gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 9 pair pair NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 10 p0 p0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 11 p1 p1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 12 p2 p2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 13 p3 p3 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 14 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 15 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 16 Device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 17 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 18 layout layout NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 19 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 20 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 21 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 402 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 1 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 2 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 3 f2 f2 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 4 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 5 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 6 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 7 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 8 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 9 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 10 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 11 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 12 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 13 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 14 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 15 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 16 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 17 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 18 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 19 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 20 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 22 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 23 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 24 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 25 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 26 Feature Feature NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 27 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 28 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 29 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 30 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 31 5.2 5.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 32 3.1 3.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 33 3.6 3.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 34 3.9 3.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 35 4.7 4.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 36 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 37 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 38 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 39 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 40 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 41 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 42 evaluating evaluate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 43 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 403 44 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 1 Thread thread JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 2 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 3 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 4 ⇒ ⇒ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 5 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 6 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 7 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 8 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 9 f0 f0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 10 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 11 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 12 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 13 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 14 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 15 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 16 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 17 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 18 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 19 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 20 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 21 Feature Feature NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 22 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 23 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 24 0.2 0.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 25 0.3 0.3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 26 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 27 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 28 0.7 0.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 29 0.8 0.8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 30 0.8 0.8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 31 Gradient Gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 32 pair pair NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 33 p0 p0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 34 p2 p2 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 35 p3 p3 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 36 p1 p1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 37 p7 p7 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 38 p5 p5 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 39 p6 p6 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 40 p4 p4 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 41 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 42 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 43 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 44 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 45 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 46 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 47 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 48 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 49 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 404 50 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 10 23/37 23/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 13 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 14 buckets bucket VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 15 So so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 16 far far RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 18 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 19 description description NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 20 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 21 explains explain VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 22 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 24 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 25 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 26 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 27 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 29 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 30 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 31 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 32 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 33 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 34 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 35 bucketed bucket VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 36 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 37 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 38 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 39 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 405 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 2 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 5 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 7 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 8 definition definition NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 10 separate separate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 11 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 12 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 13 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 14 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 16 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 17 evaluate evaluate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 18 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 19 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 20 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 21 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 23 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 406 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 2 leaves leave VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 3 us -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 4 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 5 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 6 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 7 options option NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 9 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 10 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 407 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 2 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 4 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 5 leave leave VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 7 data data NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 8 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 10 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 11 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 12 location location NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 14 keeping keep VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 15 track track NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 17 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 18 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 19 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 20 currently currently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 21 reside reside VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 23 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 24 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 25 auxiliary auxiliary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 26 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 27 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 28 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 29 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 30 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 31 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 408 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 1 When when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 2 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 3 perform perform VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 5 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 6 across across IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 7 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 8 data data NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 9 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 10 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 11 keep keep VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 12 temporary temporary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 13 statistics statistic NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 14 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 15 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 16 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 409 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 2 therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 3 scan scan VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 4 across across IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 6 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 7 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 8 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 9 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 11 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 12 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 13 interleaved interleave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 14 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 15 respect respect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 17 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 18 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 19 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 410 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 4 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 5 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 6 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 8 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 9 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 10 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 411 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 2 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 3 perform perform VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 4 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 5 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 6 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 10 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 11 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 13 tree tree VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 14 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 16 around around IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 17 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 412 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 2 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 3 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 5 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 6 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 8 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 9 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 10 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 11 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 12 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 14 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 16 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 17 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 18 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 19 option option NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 20 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 21 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 22 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 23 sort sort NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 24 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 25 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 26 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 27 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 28 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 29 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 30 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 31 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 32 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 34 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 413 35 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 2 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 3 option option NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 5 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 6 fully fully RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 8 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 9 Sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 10 algorithm algorithm RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 11 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 12 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 14 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 16 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 17 Briefly briefly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 18 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 19 data data NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 20 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 21 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 22 first first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 23 ordered order VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 24 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 25 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 26 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 27 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 28 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 29 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 30 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 31 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 32 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 33 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 34 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 35 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 36 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 37 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 38 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 39 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 40 Table Table NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 41 13 13 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 414 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 2 transforms transform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 4 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 5 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 6 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 7 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 8 multiscan multiscan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 9 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 11 problem problem NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 12 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 13 above above RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 14 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 16 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 17 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 18 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 19 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 20 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 21 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 22 temporary temporary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 23 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 24 requirements requirement NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 26 thus thus RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 27 scales scale VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 28 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 29 arbitrary arbitrary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 30 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 31 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 32 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 33 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 34 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 415 35 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 2 our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 3 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 6 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 8 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 9 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 11 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 13 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 14 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 15 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 16 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 18 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 19 switch switch VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 20 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 22 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 23 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 24 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 26 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 416 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 1 Avoiding avoid VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 3 expensive expensive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 4 radix radix NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 5 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 6 step step NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 7 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 8 as as RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 9 long long RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 11 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 12 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 13 provide provide VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 14 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 15 advantages advantage NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 17 particularly particularly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 18 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 19 building build VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 20 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 21 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 417 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 2 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 3 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 5 leaves leave NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 6 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 7 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 8 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 10 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 418 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 1 At at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 2 greater great JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 3 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 4 there there EX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 5 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 6 insufficient insufficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 7 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 8 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 9 resources resource NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 12 exponentially exponentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 13 increasing increase VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 14 run run NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 15 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 16 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 17 begins begin VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 18 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 19 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 20 uncompetitive uncompetitive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 419 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 1 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 4 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 6 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 7 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 8 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 10 correctly correctly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 11 account account VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 13 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 14 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 16 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 17 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 18 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 19 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 20 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 21 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 22 obtain obtain VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 24 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 25 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 26 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 27 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 28 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 29 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 420 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 2 multiscan multiscan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 4 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 5 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 6 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 7 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 8 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 421 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 1 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 2 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 3 f2 f2 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 4 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 5 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 6 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 7 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 9 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 10 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 12 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 13 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 14 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 15 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 16 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 17 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 18 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 19 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 20 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 22 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 23 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 24 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 25 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 26 Feature Feature NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 27 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 28 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 29 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 30 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 31 5.2 5.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 32 3.1 3.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 33 3.6 3.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 34 3.9 3.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 35 4.7 4.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 36 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 37 13 13 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 38 Sorted sorted JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 39 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 40 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 422 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 1 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 2 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 3 f2 f2 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 4 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 5 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 6 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 7 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 8 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 9 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 10 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 11 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 12 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 13 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 14 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 15 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 16 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 17 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 18 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 19 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 20 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 21 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 22 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 23 Feature Feature NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 24 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 25 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 26 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 27 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 28 5.2 5.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 29 3.1 3.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 30 3.9 3.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 31 3.6 3.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 32 4.7 4.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 33 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 34 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 35 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 36 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 37 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 38 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 39 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 40 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 41 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 423 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 10 24/37 24/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 13 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 14 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 15 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 16 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 17 pairs pairs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 424 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 1 Following follow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 2 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 4 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 5 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 6 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 8 identified identify VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 9 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 10 gain gain VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 11 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 12 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 14 identify identify VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 16 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 17 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 18 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 19 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 20 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 425 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 2 first first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 3 discuss discuss VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 5 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 7 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 8 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 9 before before IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 10 considering consider VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 11 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 13 evaluate evaluate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 14 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 426 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 1 Multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 3 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 4 Algorithms Algorithms NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 5 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 7 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 8 outline outline NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 10 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 11 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 13 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 14 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 15 multiscan multiscan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 16 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 18 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 19 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 20 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 427 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 2 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 3 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 4 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 5 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 7 formulated formulate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 8 around around IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 9 sequentially sequentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 10 executing execute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 11 fast fast RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 12 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 13 synchronous synchronous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 14 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 15 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 16 reduce reduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 17 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 18 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 19 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 20 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 428 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 1 Passing pass VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 2 vectors vector NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 4 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 7 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 8 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 9 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 11 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 12 generally generally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 13 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 14 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 16 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 18 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 19 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 21 limited limited JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 22 temporary temporary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 23 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 429 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 2 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 3 discussed discuss VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 5 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 6 Scan Scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 8 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 10 multiple multiple JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 11 sequences sequence NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 13 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 14 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 15 instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 16 perform perform VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 17 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 18 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 19 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 20 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 430 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 2 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 4 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 6 32-thread 32-thread CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 7 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 8 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 9 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 11 multiscan multiscan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 12 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 13 masking mask VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 14 off off RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 15 non non JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 16 - - JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 17 active active JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 18 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 19 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 21 performing perform VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 22 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 23 normal normal JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 24 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 25 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 26 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 27 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 28 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 29 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 431 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 2 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 3 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 4 WarpExclusiveScan warpexclusivescan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 5 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 7 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 8 herein herein NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 9 refers refer VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 10 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 11 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 12 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 13 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 16 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 17 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 18 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 19 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 20 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 432 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 2 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 3 Warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 4 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 5 gpu_gpair gpu_gpair NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 6 gpair gpair NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 7 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 8 //Gradient //Gradient . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 9 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 11 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 12 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 13 int int VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 14 node_id node_id NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 15 ; ; , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 16 //Node //Node : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 17 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 19 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 20 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 21 gpu_gpair gpu_gpair SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 22 exclusive_scan_output exclusive_scan_output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 23 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 24 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 25 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 26 int int NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 27 NODE NODE NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 28 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 29 0 0 NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 30 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 31 NODE NODE NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 32 < < XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 33 N_NODES N_NODES NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 34 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 35 NODE++ node++ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 36 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 37 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 38 bool bool NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 39 node_active node_active NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 40 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 41 node_id node_id NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 42 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 43 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 44 NODE node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 45 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 46 gpu_gpair gpu_gpair NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 47 scan_result scan_result NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 48 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 49 gpu_gpair gpu_gpair ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 50 node_sum node_sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 51 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 52 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 53 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 54 Multireduce Multireduce NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 55 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 56 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 57 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 58 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 59 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 433 60 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 434 1 An an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 434 2 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 434 3 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 434 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 434 5 loaded load VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 434 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 435 1 2 2 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 435 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 2 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 3 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 4 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 5 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 7 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 8 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 10 masking mask VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 11 off off RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 12 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 13 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 15 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 16 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 436 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 437 1 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 437 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 2 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 3 adds add VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 4 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 5 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 6 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 7 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 8 shared shared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 9 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 438 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 439 1 4 4 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 439 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 440 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 440 2 remaining remain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 440 3 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 440 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 440 5 processed process VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 440 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 441 1 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 441 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 2 partial partial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 3 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 5 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 6 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 8 reduced reduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 9 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 11 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 12 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 13 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 15 final final JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 16 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 17 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 442 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 1 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 2 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 3 Multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 4 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 5 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 6 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 7 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 443 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 444 1 An an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 444 2 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 444 3 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 444 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 444 5 loaded load VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 444 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 445 1 2 2 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 445 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 2 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 3 performs perform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 4 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 5 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 7 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 8 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 10 masking mask VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 11 off off RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 12 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 13 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 15 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 16 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 446 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 447 1 3 3 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 447 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 2 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 3 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 4 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 5 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 6 scan scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 8 placed place VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 9 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 10 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 11 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 448 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 449 1 4 4 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 449 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 2 partial partial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 3 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 5 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 6 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 8 scanned scan VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 450 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 451 1 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 451 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 2 scanned scan VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 3 partial partial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 4 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 6 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 7 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 8 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 9 added add VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 10 back back RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 11 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 13 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 14 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 452 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 453 1 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 453 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 2 running running JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 3 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 4 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 6 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 7 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 9 added add VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 10 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 12 local local JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 13 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 454 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 455 1 7 7 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 455 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 456 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 456 2 remaining remain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 456 3 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 456 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 456 5 processed process VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 456 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 457 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 10 25/37 25/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 13 //First //First NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 14 argument argument NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 15 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 17 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 18 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 19 //Result //Result . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 20 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 21 placed place VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 24 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 25 argument argument NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 26 //Warp //Warp NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 27 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 28 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 29 placed place VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 30 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 32 third third JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 33 argument argument NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 34 WarpExclusiveScan(node_active WarpExclusiveScan(node_active NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 458 35 ? ? . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 1 gpair gpair NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 3 gpu_gpair gpu_gpair NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 5 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 7 scan_result scan_result NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 9 node_sum node_sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 11 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 12 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 13 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 14 node_active node_active NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 16 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 17 exclusive_scan_output exclusive_scan_output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 18 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 19 scan_result scan_result NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 20 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 21 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 22 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 23 Note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 24 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 26 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 27 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 28 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 29 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 30 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 31 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 32 performed perform VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 33 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 34 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 35 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 36 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 37 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 38 increases increase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 39 exponentially exponentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 40 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 41 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 42 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 459 43 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 2 leads lead VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 3 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 5 exponentially exponentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 6 increasing increase VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 7 run run NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 8 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 9 relative relative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 10 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 12 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 15 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 17 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 18 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 19 surprisingly surprisingly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 20 performant performant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 21 even even RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 22 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 24 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 25 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 26 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 27 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 28 synchronous synchronous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 29 reductions reduction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 30 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 31 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 32 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 33 shuffle shuffle NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 34 instructions instruction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 35 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 36 cheap cheap JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 37 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 38 compute compute VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 460 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 1 They -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 2 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 3 perform perform VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 4 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 5 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 6 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 8 incur incur VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 9 no no DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 10 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 11 latency latency NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 12 reads read VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 13 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 14 writes write VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 15 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 16 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 17 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 461 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 2 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 3 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 6 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 7 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 8 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 10 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 12 individual individual JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 13 warp warp NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 14 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 15 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 16 performing perform VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 18 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 19 multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 20 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 21 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 23 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 24 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 25 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 26 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 27 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 28 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 29 scattering scatter VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 31 results result NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 32 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 33 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 34 back back NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 35 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 36 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 37 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 462 38 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 1 More more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 2 detailed detailed JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 3 information information NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 4 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 5 how how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 7 calculate calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 9 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 10 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 11 wide wide JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 12 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 13 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 14 smaller small JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 15 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 16 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 17 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 18 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 19 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 20 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 21 Nvidia Nvidia NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 22 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 23 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 24 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 463 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 1 Evaluating evaluate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 2 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 3 There there EX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 5 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 6 additional additional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 7 problem problem NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 8 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 9 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 10 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 11 solved solve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 464 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 2 arises arise VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 3 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 5 consequence consequence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 7 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 8 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 9 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 10 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 11 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 12 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 465 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 3 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 4 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 7 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 8 enumerating enumerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 9 through through IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 10 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 11 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 13 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 15 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 17 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 18 should should MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 19 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 20 choose choose VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 21 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 22 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 23 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 24 falls fall VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 25 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 26 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 27 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 28 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 30 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 31 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 466 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 3 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 5 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 6 rule rule NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 7 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 8 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 9 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 10 able able JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 12 separate separate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 13 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 14 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 16 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 17 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 467 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 2 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 3 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 4 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 6 considered consider VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 9 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 12 corresponding correspond VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 13 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 14 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 15 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 17 leftmost leftmost JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 18 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 19 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 20 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 21 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 22 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 23 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 24 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 25 particular particular JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 26 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 27 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 28 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 29 could could MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 30 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 31 arbitrarily arbitrarily RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 32 take take VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 34 rightmost rightmost JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 35 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 36 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 468 37 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 1 Because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 3 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 4 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 5 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 6 interleaved interleave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 8 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 10 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 11 possible possible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 13 simply simply RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 14 check check VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 16 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 17 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 19 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 20 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 21 see see VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 22 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 24 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 25 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 26 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 27 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 28 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 29 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 31 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 32 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 34 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 35 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 36 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 37 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 38 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 39 may may MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 40 reside reside VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 41 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 42 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 43 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 44 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 469 45 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 1 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 2 check check VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 3 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 5 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 6 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 8 certain certain JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 9 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 10 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 11 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 13 leftmost leftmost JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 14 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 15 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 16 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 17 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 19 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 20 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 21 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 22 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 23 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 24 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 25 formulate formulate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 26 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 27 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 28 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 29 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 30 special special JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 31 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 32 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 33 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 470 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 1 First first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 3 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 4 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 6 assigned assign VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 8 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 9 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 10 ~ ~ NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 11 x x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 13 length length NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 14 n n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 15 + + CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 16 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 17 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 18 n n CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 19 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 21 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 23 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 471 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 1 If if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 3 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 4 resides reside VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 5 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 6 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 7 i i PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 8 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 9 xi xi NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 10 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 11 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 12 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 13 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 472 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 1 If if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 3 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 4 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 5 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 6 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 8 distinct distinct JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 9 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 11 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 14 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 15 directly directly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 18 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 19 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 20 irrespective irrespective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 21 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 22 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 23 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 24 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 25 xn+1 xn+1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 26 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 27 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 28 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 29 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 473 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 2 other other JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 3 bits bit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 5 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 6 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 7 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 474 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 2 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 3 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 4 define define VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 6 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 7 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 8 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 9 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 10 follows follow VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 11 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 12 opð opð NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 13 ~ ~ NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 14 a;~bÞ a;~bþ DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 15 ¼ ¼ IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 16 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 17 ~b ~b . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 18 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 19 bnþ1 bnþ1 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 20 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 21 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 22 ~a ~a NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 23 _ _ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 24 ~b ~b NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 25 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 26 otherwise otherwise RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 27 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 28 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 29 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 30 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 31 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 32 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 33 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 34 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 35 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 36 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 37 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 38 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 475 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 10 26/37 26/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 13 Bit Bit NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 14 xn+1 xn+1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 15 acts act VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 16 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 17 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 18 segmentation segmentation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 19 flag flag NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 21 resetting reset VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 23 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 24 so so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 25 many many JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 26 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 27 scans scan NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 28 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 29 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 30 across across IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 31 groups group NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 32 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 33 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 34 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 36 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 37 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 38 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 476 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 1 Scanning scanning VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 3 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 4 flags flag NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 5 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 7 logical logical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 8 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 9 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 10 determines determine NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 11 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 12 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 13 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 14 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 15 represented represent VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 18 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 19 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 21 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 22 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 24 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 25 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 477 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 1 Therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 3 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 5 group group NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 7 items item NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 8 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 10 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 11 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 12 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 14 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 16 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 17 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 18 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 19 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 20 flag flag NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 21 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 22 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 23 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 24 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 25 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 26 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 27 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 28 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 29 resides reside VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 30 in in RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 31 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 33 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 34 represents represent VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 35 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 36 leftmost leftmost JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 37 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 38 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 39 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 40 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 41 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 42 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 43 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 478 44 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 2 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 4 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 5 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 6 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 9 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 10 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 479 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 2 practice practice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 5 64 64 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 6 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 7 integer integer NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 9 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 10 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 12 bit bit NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 13 vector vector NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 15 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 17 hold hold VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 18 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 19 maximum maximum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 21 33 33 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 22 bits bit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 23 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 25 sixth sixth JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 26 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 27 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 29 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 30 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 32 maximum maximum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 33 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 34 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 35 active active JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 36 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 37 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 38 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 39 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 40 +1 +1 NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 41 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 42 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 43 segmentation segmentation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 44 flag flag NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 45 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 480 46 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 2 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 4 formulated formulate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 5 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 6 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 7 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 8 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 10 C++ C++ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 11 code code NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 481 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 1 Moreover moreover RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 3 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 4 applying apply VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 5 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 6 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 7 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 8 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 9 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 10 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 11 choose choose VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 13 split split JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 14 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 17 halfway halfway NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 18 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 19 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 20 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 21 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 22 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 23 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 24 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 25 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 26 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 27 know know VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 29 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 32 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 33 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 34 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 35 left left NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 36 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 37 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 38 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 39 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 40 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 41 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 42 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 43 it -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 44 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 45 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 46 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 47 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 48 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 49 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 50 item item NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 51 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 52 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 482 53 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 2 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 3 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 5 accordingly accordingly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 6 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 9 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 10 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 11 minus minus CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 12 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 13 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 14 constant constant NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 483 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 2 distinction distinction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 5 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 6 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 7 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 8 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 9 affect affect VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 10 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 12 practice practice NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 484 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 1 Listing list VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 2 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 3 Binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 4 associative associative NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 5 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 6 BitFlagSet BitFlagSet NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 7 op(const op(const NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 8 BitFlagSet BitFlagSet NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 9 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 12 const const IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 13 BitFlagSet BitFlagSet NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 14 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 15 b b NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 16 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 17 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 18 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 19 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 20 check_bit(b check_bit(b NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 21 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 22 63 63 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 23 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 24 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 25 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 26 return return NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 27 b b NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 28 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 29 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 30 else else RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 31 { { -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 32 return return NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 33 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 34 | | NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 35 b b NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 36 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 37 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 38 } } -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 39 Complete complete VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 40 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 41 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 42 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 43 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 44 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 45 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 46 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 47 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 48 above above JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 49 method method NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 50 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 51 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 52 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 53 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 54 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 55 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 56 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 57 all all PDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 58 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 59 machinery machinery NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 60 necessary necessary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 61 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 62 enumerate enumerate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 63 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 64 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 65 select select VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 66 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 67 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 485 68 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 2 complete complete JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 3 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 6 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 7 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 8 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 10 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 11 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 12 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 14 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 15 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 16 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 17 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 18 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 19 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 20 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 21 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 486 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 2 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 4 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 6 contains contain VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 8 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 9 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 11 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 12 leaf leaf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 13 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 14 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 16 given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 17 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 487 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 2 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 3 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 4 outputs output VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 6 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 7 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 8 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 9 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 10 assigned assign VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 11 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 488 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 1 These these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 2 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 4 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 5 further further RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 6 reduced reduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 7 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 9 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 10 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 12 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 14 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 15 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 16 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 17 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 18 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 489 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 1 Sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 2 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 4 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 6 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 7 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 8 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 9 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 12 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 13 finding finding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 14 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 15 operates operate VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 16 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 17 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 18 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 19 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 20 grouped group VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 21 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 22 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 23 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 490 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 1 Given give VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 2 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 3 sorted sort VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 4 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 5 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 6 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 7 first first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 9 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 10 feature feature VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 11 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 12 second second JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 13 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 14 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 15 perform perform VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 16 segmented segment VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 17 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 18 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 19 reduce reduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 20 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 21 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 22 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 23 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 24 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 25 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 26 needing need VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 28 constant constant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 29 amount amount NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 31 temporary temporary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 32 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 491 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 2 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 3 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 4 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 5 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 6 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 7 pair pair NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 8 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 10 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 11 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 12 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 13 implemented implement VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 14 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 16 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 17 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 18 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 20 storing store VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 22 final final JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 23 element element NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 24 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 25 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 26 segment segment NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 27 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 29 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 30 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 492 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 493 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 10 27/37 27/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 13 Another another DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 14 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 15 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 16 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 17 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 18 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 19 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 21 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 22 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 24 get get VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 26 exclusive exclusive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 27 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 28 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 29 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 30 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 494 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 1 After after IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 2 scanning scan VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 3 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 4 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 7 split split JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 8 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 10 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 11 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 13 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 15 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 16 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 17 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 18 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 20 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 21 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 22 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 23 stored store VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 24 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 25 shared shared JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 26 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 495 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 2 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 3 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 5 formulated formulate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 6 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 7 performing perform VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 8 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 9 ordinary ordinary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 10 scan scan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 11 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 12 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 13 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 14 pairs pair NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 15 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 16 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 17 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 18 associative associative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 19 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 20 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 21 resets reset VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 23 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 24 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 26 key key JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 27 changes change NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 496 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 3 case case NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 5 key key NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 8 current current JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 9 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 10 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 13 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 14 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 16 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 17 pair pair NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 497 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 2 operator operator NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 4 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 6 Eq Eq NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 498 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 499 1 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 499 2 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 499 3 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 499 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 1 opðakey opðakey JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 2 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 3 avalue avalue NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 4 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 5 bkey bkey NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 6 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 7 bvalueÞ bvalueÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 8 ¼ ¼ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 9 ðbkey ðbkey NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 10 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 11 bvalueÞ bvalueÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 12 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 13 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 14 akey akey NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 15 6¼ 6¼ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 16 bkey bkey NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 17 ðbkey ðbkey NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 18 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 19 avalue avalue NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 20 þ þ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 21 bvalueÞ bvalueÞ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 22 ; ; : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 23 otherwise otherwise RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 24 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 25 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 26 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 27 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 28 An an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 29 overview overview NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 32 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 33 finding find VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 34 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 35 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 36 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 37 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 38 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 39 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 40 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 41 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 42 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 43 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 44 provided provide VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 45 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 46 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 47 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 500 48 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 2 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 4 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 5 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 7 like like IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 8 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 11 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 12 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 14 consists consist VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 17 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 18 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 19 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 20 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 21 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 22 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 24 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 25 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 501 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 3 reduced reduce VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 4 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 6 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 7 kernel kernel NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 9 find find VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 11 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 12 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 13 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 14 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 15 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 18 any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 19 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 502 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 1 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 2 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 3 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 5 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 6 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 7 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 8 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 9 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 503 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 504 1 Load load NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 504 2 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 504 3 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 504 4 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 504 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 505 1 Multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 505 2 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 505 3 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 505 4 pairs pairs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 505 5 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 505 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 1 Go go VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 2 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 3 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 5 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 7 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 8 processed process VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 9 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 506 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 507 1 Return return VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 507 2 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 507 3 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 507 4 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 507 5 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 507 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 508 1 Load load NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 508 2 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 508 3 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 508 4 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 508 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 509 1 Multiscan multiscan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 509 2 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 509 3 gradient gradient NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 509 4 pairs pairs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 509 5 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 509 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 1 Scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 2 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 3 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 4 unique unique JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 5 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 6 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 7 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 510 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 1 Calculate calculate NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 2 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 3 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 4 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 5 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 6 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 511 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 1 Store store VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 2 best well RBS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 3 split split VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 5 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 6 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 7 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 512 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 1 Go go VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 2 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 3 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 5 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 7 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 8 processed process VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 9 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 513 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 1 Output output VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 2 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 3 splits split VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 4 Algorithm Algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 5 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 6 Sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 7 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 8 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 9 finding finding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 10 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 11 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 12 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 13 execution execution NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 514 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 515 1 Load load NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 515 2 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 515 3 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 515 4 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 515 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 1 Segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 2 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 3 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 4 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 5 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 6 pairs pairs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 7 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 516 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 1 Go go VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 2 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 3 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 5 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 7 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 8 processed process VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 9 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 517 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 518 1 Return return VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 518 2 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 518 3 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 518 4 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 518 5 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 518 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 519 1 Load load NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 519 2 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 519 3 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 519 4 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 519 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 1 Segmented segment VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 2 scan scan JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 3 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 4 tile tile NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 5 gradient gradient NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 6 pairs pairs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 7 7 7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 520 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 1 Calculate calculate NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 2 gain gain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 3 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 4 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 5 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 6 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 521 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 1 Store store VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 2 best well RBS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 3 split split VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 5 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 6 warp warp JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 7 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 522 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 1 Go go VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 2 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 3 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 5 until until IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 7 tiles tile NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 8 processed process VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 9 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 523 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 1 Output output VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 2 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 3 splits split VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 4 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 5 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 6 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 7 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 8 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 11 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 12 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 524 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 10 28/37 28/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 13 Phase Phase NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 14 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 15 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 16 update update NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 17 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 18 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 19 Once once IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 21 best good JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 22 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 23 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 24 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 25 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 26 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 27 been be VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 28 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 29 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 31 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 32 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 33 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 34 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 35 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 36 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 37 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 38 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 525 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 3 made make VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 4 non non JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 5 - - JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 6 trivial trivial JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 7 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 10 presence presence NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 12 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 13 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 526 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 2 first first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 3 create create VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 4 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 5 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 6 containing contain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 8 pre pre JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 9 - - JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 10 split split JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 11 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 12 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 14 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 15 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 16 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 527 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 1 These these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 2 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 3 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 5 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 6 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 8 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 9 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 10 contained contain VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 11 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 12 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 13 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 15 according accord VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 16 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 18 default default NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 19 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 20 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 21 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 23 newly newly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 24 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 25 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 528 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 2 then then RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 3 update update VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 4 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 5 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 6 again again RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 7 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 8 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 10 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 11 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 14 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 529 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 1 Any any DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 2 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 3 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 4 does do VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 5 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 6 have have VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 8 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 10 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 11 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 12 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 13 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 14 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 16 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 17 have have VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 18 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 19 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 20 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 21 left leave VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 22 unchanged unchanged JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 23 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 24 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 26 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 27 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 530 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 1 Because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 2 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 3 now now RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 4 have have VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 6 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 7 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 8 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 10 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 11 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 13 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 14 write write VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 15 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 16 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 17 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 18 back back RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 19 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 20 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 21 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 22 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 531 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 1 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 2 illustrate illustrate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 3 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 4 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 5 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 6 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 8 Fig Fig NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 532 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 1 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 2 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 4 state state NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 7 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 9 after after IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 10 having have VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 11 calculated calculate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 12 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 13 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 14 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 15 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 533 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 2 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 3 positions position NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 6 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 7 structure structure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 8 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 10 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 11 finding finding NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 12 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 13 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 14 14 14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 15 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 16 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 17 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 18 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 19 before before IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 20 proceeding proceed VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 21 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 22 calculate calculate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 24 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 25 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 26 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 27 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 534 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 1 To to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 2 do do VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 3 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 5 update update VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 7 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 9 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 10 15 15 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 11 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 12 maps map VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 13 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 16 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 535 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 1 First first RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 2 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 3 update update VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 5 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 6 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 7 map map NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 10 missing missing JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 11 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 536 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 2 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 3 residing reside VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 5 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 8 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 11 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 12 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 14 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 15 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 537 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 1 Instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 2 residing reside VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 3 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 4 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 5 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 6 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 7 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 8 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 10 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 11 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 12 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 13 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 14 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 538 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 2 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 3 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 4 map map NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 5 now now RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 6 looks look VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 7 like like IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 8 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 9 16 16 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 539 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 2 now now RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 3 update update VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 5 map map NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 6 again again RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 7 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 9 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 10 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 12 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 13 14 14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 15 overwriting overwrite VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 17 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 18 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 540 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 2 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 3 resides reside NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 5 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 7 so so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 8 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 9 check check VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 10 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 11 f0 f0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 12 < < XX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 13 0.8 0.8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 541 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 3 true true JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 4 so so IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 5 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 6 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 7 moves move NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 8 down down RP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 10 left left JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 11 branch branch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 12 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 13 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 14 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 542 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 3 moves move NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 4 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 5 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 6 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 8 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 9 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 10 moves move NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 11 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 12 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 13 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 14 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 15 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 16 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 17 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 18 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 543 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 1 Note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 2 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 3 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 4 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 5 has have VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 6 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 7 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 8 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 10 f0 f0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 544 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 2 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 3 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 4 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 5 therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 6 kept keep VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 9 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 10 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 11 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 12 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 14 previous previous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 15 step step NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 545 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 2 process process NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 4 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 6 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 7 17 17 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 546 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 2 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 3 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 4 node node RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 5 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 6 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 8 now now RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 9 up up RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 10 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 11 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 12 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 13 date date NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 14 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 16 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 17 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 18 so so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 19 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 20 write write VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 21 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 22 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 23 back back RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 24 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 25 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 26 per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 27 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 28 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 29 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 30 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 31 giving give VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 32 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 33 18 18 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 547 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 1 Phase phase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 2 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 4 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 5 node node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 6 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 7 If if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 9 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 10 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 13 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 14 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 15 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 18 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 19 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 20 need need VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 21 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 22 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 23 sorted sort VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 24 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 25 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 26 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 548 27 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 1 If if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 3 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 4 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 7 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 9 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 549 11 e.g. e.g. RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 1 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 2 early early JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 4 levels level NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 5 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 6 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 7 step step NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 9 unnecessary unnecessary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 550 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 2 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 3 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 4 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 5 its -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 6 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 7 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 8 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 10 sorted sort VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 11 such such JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 12 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 13 8 8 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 14 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 15 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 16 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 17 four four CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 18 new new JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 19 leaves leave NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 551 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 552 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 10 29/37 29/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 13 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 14 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 15 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 16 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 17 resides reside NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 18 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 19 contiguous contiguous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 20 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 553 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 3 achieved achieve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 4 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 5 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 6 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 7 key key NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 8 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 9 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 10 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 11 sort sort NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 554 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 2 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 3 represents represent VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 4 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 5 segment segment NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 8 sort sort NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 9 key key NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 10 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 12 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 13 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 16 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 17 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 18 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 19 instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 20 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 21 tuple tuple NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 22 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 23 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 24 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 555 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 2 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 4 segmented segmented JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 5 radix radix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 6 sort sort RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 7 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 8 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 10 CUB CUB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 11 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 556 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 2 delegates delegate VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 4 sorting sorting NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 6 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 7 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 8 segment segment NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 9 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 10 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 11 separate separate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 12 thread thread NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 13 block block NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 557 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 1 Note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 2 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 3 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 4 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 6 stable stable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 7 so so IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 9 original original JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 10 sorted sorted JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 11 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 14 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 15 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 16 will will MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 17 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 18 preserved preserve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 19 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 20 contiguous contiguous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 21 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 22 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 24 after after IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 25 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 26 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 27 node node JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 28 position position NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 29 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 31 key key NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 558 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 1 EVALUATION evaluation VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 2 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 3 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 5 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 9 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 10 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 11 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 13 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 14 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 15 evaluated evaluate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 16 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 17 several several JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 18 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 19 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 20 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 21 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 22 different different JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 23 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 24 configurations configuration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 25 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 26 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 27 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 28 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 29 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 30 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 31 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 32 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 33 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 34 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 35 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 36 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 37 Intel Intel NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 38 processor processor NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 559 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 2 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 3 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 4 14 14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 5 Per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 6 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 7 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 8 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 560 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 1 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 2 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 3 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 4 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 5 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 7 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 8 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 9 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 10 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 11 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 12 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 13 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 14 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 15 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 16 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 17 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 18 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 19 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 20 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 21 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 22 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 23 Feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 24 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 25 0.75 0.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 26 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 27 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 28 2.7 2.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 29 4.1 4.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 30 3.6 3.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 31 3.9 3.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 32 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 33 15 15 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 34 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 35 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 36 map map NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 561 37 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 2 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 3 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 4 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 5 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 6 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 7 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 8 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 9 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 10 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 11 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 12 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 13 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 15 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 16 16 16 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 17 Updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 18 missing miss VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 19 direction direction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 562 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 2 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 3 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 4 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 5 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 6 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 7 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 8 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 9 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 10 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 11 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 12 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 13 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 14 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 15 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 16 17 17 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 17 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 18 ID ID NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 19 map map NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 20 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 21 update update NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 22 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 23 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 24 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 25 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 563 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 1 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 2 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 3 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 4 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 5 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 6 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 7 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 8 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 9 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 10 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 11 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 12 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 13 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 14 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 15 f0 f0 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 16 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 17 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 18 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 19 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 20 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 21 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 22 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 23 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 24 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 25 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 26 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 27 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 28 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 29 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 30 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 31 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 32 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 33 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 34 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 35 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 36 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 37 Feature Feature NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 38 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 39 0.75 0.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 40 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 41 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 42 2.7 2.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 43 4.1 4.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 44 3.6 3.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 45 3.9 3.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 46 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 47 18 18 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 48 Per per IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 49 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 50 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 51 array array NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 52 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 53 updated update VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 564 54 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 1 f0 f0 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 2 f1 f1 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 3 Node Node NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 4 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 5 d d DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 6 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 7 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 8 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 9 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 10 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 11 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 12 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 13 Instance instance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 14 i -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 15 d d NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 16 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 17 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 18 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 19 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 20 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 21 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 22 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 23 Feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 24 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 25 0.75 0.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 26 0.5 0.5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 27 0.9 0.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 28 2.7 2.7 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 29 4.1 4.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 30 3.6 3.6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 31 3.9 3.9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 32 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 33 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 34 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 35 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 36 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 37 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 38 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 39 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 40 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 565 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 10 30/37 30/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 13 configurations configuration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 14 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 15 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 17 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 18 19 19 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 566 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 1 On on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 2 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 3 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 4 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 6 where where WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 7 there there EX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 8 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 9 limited limited JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 10 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 11 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 13 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 14 subset subset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 16 rows row NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 17 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 18 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 19 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 20 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 21 taken take VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 22 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 23 order order NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 24 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 25 fit fit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 26 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 27 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 28 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 567 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 2 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 4 described describe VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 6 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 7 20 20 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 9 parameters parameter NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 10 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 11 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 12 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 13 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 14 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 15 shown show VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 17 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 18 21 21 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 568 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 3 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 4 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 6 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 8 supplied supplied JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 9 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 10 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 11 test test NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 12 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 569 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 3 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 4 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 6 randomly randomly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 7 select select VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 8 5,00,000 5,00,000 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 9 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 10 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 12 test test NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 13 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 15 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 16 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 17 Chen Chen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 18 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 19 Guestrin Guestrin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 20 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 21 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 22 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 570 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 3 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 4 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 6 randomly randomly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 7 sample sample VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 8 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 9 % % NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 12 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 13 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 15 test test NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 16 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 18 use use VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 20 rest rest NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 21 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 23 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 24 set set NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 571 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 2 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 3 500 500 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 4 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 5 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 6 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 7 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 8 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 9 unless unless IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 10 otherwise otherwise RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 11 specified specify VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 572 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 4 common common JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 5 real real JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 6 world world NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 7 setting set VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 8 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 9 provides provide VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 10 sufficiently sufficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 11 long long JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 12 run run NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 13 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 14 times time NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 16 benchmarking benchmarking NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 573 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 2 set set VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 3 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 6 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 7 rate rate NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 8 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 9 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 10 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 11 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 13 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 14 default default NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 16 0.3 0.3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 17 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 18 too too RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 19 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 22 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 24 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 25 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 574 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 3 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 5 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 6 datasets dataset VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 7 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 8 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 10 default default NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 11 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 12 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 14 six six CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 15 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 16 both both DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 17 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 18 these these DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 19 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 20 tend tend VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 21 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 22 generate generate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 23 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 24 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 575 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 2 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 3 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 4 results result NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 6 larger large JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 7 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 8 so so IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 9 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 10 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 11 set set VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 12 max max NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 13 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 15 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 17 allowing allow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 18 us -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 19 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 20 test test VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 21 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 22 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 23 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 24 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 576 25 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 1 Both both DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 3 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 5 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 6 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 7 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 8 binary binary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 9 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 10 problems problem NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 11 so so IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 12 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 13 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 15 binary binary NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 16 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 17 logistic logistic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 18 objective objective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 19 function function NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 21 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 577 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 1 Both both DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 2 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 3 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 4 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 5 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 6 exhibit exhibit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 7 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 8 imbalanced imbalanced JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 9 class class NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 10 distributions distribution NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 12 so so CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 14 AUC AUC NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 15 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 16 area area NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 17 under under IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 19 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 20 19 19 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 21 Hardware Hardware NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 22 configurations configuration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 578 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 1 Configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 2 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 3 GHz GHz NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 4 Cores core NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 5 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 6 arch arch JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 579 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 1 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 3 Intel Intel NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 4 i5 i5 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 5 - - : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 6 4590 4590 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 7 3.30 3.30 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 8 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 9 Haswell Haswell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 10 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 11 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 12 Intel Intel NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 13 i7 i7 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 14 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 15 6700 6700 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 16 K K NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 17 4.00 4.00 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 18 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 19 Skylake Skylake NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 20 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 22 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 23 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 24 Intel Intel NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 25 Xeon Xeon NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 26 E5 E5 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 27 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 28 2695 2695 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 29 v2 v2 NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 30 2.40 2.40 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 31 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 32 Ivy Ivy NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 33 Bridge Bridge NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 34 Configuration Configuration NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 35 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 36 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 37 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 38 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 39 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 40 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 41 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 42 arch arch VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 580 43 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 1 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 2 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 3 GTX970 GTX970 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 4 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 5 Maxwell Maxwell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 6 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 7 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 8 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 9 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 10 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 11 Pascal pascal JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 12 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 13 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 14 – – : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 15 – – : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 16 – – : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 17 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 18 20 20 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 19 Datasets Datasets NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 581 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 2 Training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 3 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 4 Test test NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 5 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 6 Features Features NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 7 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 9 473,134 473,134 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 10 165,660 165,660 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 11 700 700 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 12 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 13 b b CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 14 10,500,000 10,500,000 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 15 500,000 500,000 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 16 28 28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 17 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 18 c c NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 19 1,065,373 1,065,373 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 20 118,374 118,374 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 21 968 968 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 22 Notes note NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 23 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 24 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 25 https://webscope.sandbox.yahoo.com/catalog.php?datatype=c https://webscope.sandbox.yahoo.com/catalog.php?datatype=c NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 582 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 583 1 b b LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 583 2 https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/HIGGS https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/HIGGS NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 583 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 584 1 c c NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 584 2 https://www.kaggle.com/c/bosch-production-line-performance/data https://www.kaggle.com/c/bosch-production-line-performance/data NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 584 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 585 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 585 2 21 21 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 585 3 Parameters Parameters NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 585 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 2 Objective Objective NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 3 eval_metric eval_metric NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 4 max_depth max_depth NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 5 Eta Eta NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 6 Boosting Boosting NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 7 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 8 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 9 rank rank NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 10 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 11 ndcg ndcg NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 12 ndcg@10 ndcg@10 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 13 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 14 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 15 500 500 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 16 Higgs higgs NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 17 binary binary NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 18 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 19 logistic logistic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 20 auc auc NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 21 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 22 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 23 500 500 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 24 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 25 binary binary NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 26 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 27 logistic logistic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 28 auc auc NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 29 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 30 0.1 0.1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 31 500 500 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 32 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 33 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 34 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 35 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 36 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 37 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 38 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 39 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 40 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 586 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 10 31/37 31/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 11 https://webscope.sandbox.yahoo.com/catalog.php?datatype=c https://webscope.sandbox.yahoo.com/catalog.php?datatype=c NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 12 https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/HIGGS https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/HIGGS NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 13 https://www.kaggle.com/c/bosch-production-line-performance/data https://www.kaggle.com/c/bosch-production-line-performance/data NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 14 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 NFP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 15 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 16 ROC ROC NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 17 curve curve NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 18 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 19 evaluation evaluation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 20 metric metric NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 21 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 22 appropriate appropriate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 587 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 3 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 4 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 6 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 8 rank rank NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 9 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 10 ndcg ndcg NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 11 objective objective NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 13 ndcg@10 ndcg@10 JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 14 evaluation evaluation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 15 metric metric JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 17 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 18 consistent consistent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 19 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 20 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 21 evaluation evaluation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 22 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 23 Chen Chen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 24 & & CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 25 Guestrin Guestrin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 26 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 27 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 28 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 588 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 1 All all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 2 other other JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 3 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 4 parameters parameter NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 5 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 6 left leave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 7 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 9 default default NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 10 values value NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 589 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 1 Accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 2 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 3 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 4 22 22 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 6 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 7 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 9 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 12 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 13 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 14 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 15 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 17 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 18 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 590 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 2 test test VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 3 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 4 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 5 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 6 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 7 so so RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 8 use use VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 9 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 10 subset subset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 13 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 14 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 15 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 16 fit fit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 18 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 19 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 20 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 21 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 22 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 23 use use VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 25 full full JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 26 test test NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 27 set set VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 28 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 29 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 30 evaluation evaluation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 591 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 1 There there EX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 3 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 4 minor minor JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 5 variation variation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 7 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 8 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 10 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 11 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 592 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 1 Both both DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 2 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 4 equivalent equivalent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 7 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 8 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 11 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 12 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 13 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 14 marginally marginally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 15 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 16 accurate accurate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 17 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 18 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 19 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 20 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 21 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 23 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 24 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 25 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 26 marginally marginally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 27 more more RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 28 accurate accurate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 29 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 31 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 32 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 593 33 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 2 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 3 23 23 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 6 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 7 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 9 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 10 without without IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 11 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 13 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 14 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 15 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 17 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 18 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 594 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 1 Variations variation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 2 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 3 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 4 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 5 attributable attributable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 6 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 8 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 9 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 12 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 13 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 14 choosing choose VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 15 splits split NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 16 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 18 halfway halfway NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 19 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 20 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 21 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 22 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 23 examples example NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 24 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 25 instead instead RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 26 choosing choose VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 27 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 28 split split NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 29 value value NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 30 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 32 right right JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 33 most most JJS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 34 training training NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 35 example example NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 36 minus minus CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 37 some some DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 38 constant constant NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 595 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 1 Differences difference NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 2 also also RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 3 occur occur VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 4 due due IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 6 floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 7 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 8 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 9 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 10 discussed discuss VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 11 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 12 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 13 Floating floating JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 14 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 15 precision precision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 17 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 18 Speed Speed NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 19 Tables Tables NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 20 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 21 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 22 25 25 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 23 show show VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 25 relative relative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 26 speedup speedup NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 27 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 29 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 30 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 31 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 32 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 33 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 34 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 35 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 36 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 37 500 500 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 38 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 39 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 596 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 1 For for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 2 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 3 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 4 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 5 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 6 lower low JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 7 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 8 desktop desktop NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 9 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 11 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 12 ups up NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 14 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 15 4.09 4.09 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 16 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 18 6.62 6.62 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 19 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 20 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 21 achieved achieve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 597 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 1 On on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 2 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 3 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 4 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 5 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 6 higher high JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 7 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 8 desktop desktop NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 9 hardware hardware NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 10 but but CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 12 same same JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 13 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 14 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 15 cores core NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 16 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 17 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 18 ups up NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 19 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 20 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 21 3.16 3.16 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 22 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 24 5.57 5.57 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 25 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 26 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 27 achieved achieve VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 598 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 2 GTX GTX NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 3 970 970 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 4 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 6 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 7 # # NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 8 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 9 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 10 sample sample VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 12 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 13 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 14 they -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 15 do do VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 16 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 17 fit fit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 18 entirely entirely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 19 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 20 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 21 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 599 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 2 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 3 X X NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 4 used use VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 6 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 7 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 8 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 10 able able JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 11 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 12 fit fit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 13 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 14 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 15 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 16 entirely entirely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 17 into into IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 18 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 600 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 1 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 2 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 3 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 5 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 9 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 10 across across IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 11 varying varying NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 12 problem problem NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 13 sizes size NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 14 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 15 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 16 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 17 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 601 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 2 experiment experiment NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 4 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 5 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 6 subsets subset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 9 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 10 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 11 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 12 20 20 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 13 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 14 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 602 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 3 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 4 ’s ’ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 5 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 6 increases increase VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 7 linearly linearly JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 8 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 9 respect respect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 10 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 12 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 14 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 15 rows row NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 603 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 1 It -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 3 approximately approximately RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 4 equal equal JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 5 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 7 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 8 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 9 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 10 10,000 10,000 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 11 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 12 22 22 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 13 Accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 14 benchmarks benchmark NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 604 15 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 2 Subset Subset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 3 Metric Metric NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 4 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 5 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 6 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 7 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 8 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 9 0.75 0.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 10 ndcg@10 ndcg@10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 11 0.7784 0.7784 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 12 0.7768 0.7768 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 13 Higgs higgs NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 14 0.25 0.25 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 15 auc auc NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 16 0.8426 0.8426 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 17 0.8426 0.8426 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 18 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 19 0.35 0.35 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 20 auc auc NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 21 0.6833 0.6833 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 22 0.6905 0.6905 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 23 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 24 23 23 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 25 Accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 26 benchmarks benchmark NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 27 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 28 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 29 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 30 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 605 31 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 2 Subset Subset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 3 Metric Metric NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 4 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 5 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 6 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 7 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 8 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 9 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 11 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 12 0.75 0.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 13 ndcg@10 ndcg@10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 14 0.7776 0.7776 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 15 Higgs higgs NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 16 0.25 0.25 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 17 auc auc NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 18 0.8428 0.8428 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 19 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 20 0.35 0.35 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 21 auc auc NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 22 0.6849 0.6849 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 23 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 24 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 25 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 26 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 27 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 28 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 29 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 30 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 31 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 606 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 10 32/37 32/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 13 rows row NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 15 always always RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 16 faster fast RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 17 thereafter thereafter RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 18 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 19 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 20 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 607 21 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 2 gives give VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 3 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 4 idea idea NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 7 minimum minimum JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 8 batch batch NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 9 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 10 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 11 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 12 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 13 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 14 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 15 begins begin VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 17 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 18 effective effective JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 608 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 609 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 609 2 Fig Fig NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 609 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 1 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 3 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 4 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 6 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 9 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 10 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 11 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 12 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 13 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 14 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 15 against against IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 16 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 17 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 18 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 19 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 20 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 21 high high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 22 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 23 end end NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 24 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 25 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 26 server server NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 27 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 28 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 30 Yahoo Yahoo NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 31 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 32 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 33 500 500 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 34 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 35 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 36 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 37 varying vary VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 38 numbers number NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 39 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 40 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 610 41 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 2 data data NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 3 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 4 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 6 average average JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 7 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 9 eight eight CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 10 runs run NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 611 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 1 Error error NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 2 bars bar NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 3 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 4 too too RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 5 small small JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 6 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 7 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 8 visible visible JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 9 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 10 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 11 scale scale NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 612 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 2 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 3 X X NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 4 outperforms outperform VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 6 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 7 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 8 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 9 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 10 approximately approximately RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 11 1.2 1.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 12 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 14 even even RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 15 if if IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 17 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 19 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 22 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 23 core core NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 24 machine machine NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 25 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 26 chosen choose VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 27 optimally optimally RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 613 28 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 1 Interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 2 algorithm algorithm JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 3 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 4 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 5 Table Table NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 6 26 26 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 8 Fig fig NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 614 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 1 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 2 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 3 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 4 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 6 effect effect NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 8 changing change VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 10 threshold threshold NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 11 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 12 which which WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 14 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 15 switches switch VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 16 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 18 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 19 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 20 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 22 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 24 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 25 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 26 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 27 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 28 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 29 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 615 30 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 1 Timings timing NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 2 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 3 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 4 100 100 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 5 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 6 iterations iteration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 7 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 9 35 35 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 10 % % NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 11 subset subset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 12 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 14 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 15 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 16 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 17 configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 18 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 19 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 616 20 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 1 Using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 3 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 4 version version NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 5 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 6 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 7 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 8 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 9 benefits benefit NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 10 all all PDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 12 way way NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 13 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 14 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 16 fifth fifth JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 17 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 18 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 19 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 20 1.14 1.14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 21 � � NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 22 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 23 increase increase NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 24 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 25 compared compare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 26 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 27 just just RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 28 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 29 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 30 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 31 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 617 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 1 After after IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 3 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 4 temporary temporary JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 5 storage storage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 6 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 7 insufficient insufficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 8 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 9 keep keep VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 10 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 11 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 12 Configuration Configuration NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 13 # # NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 14 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 15 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 16 benchmarks benchmark NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 618 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 2 Subset Subset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 3 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 4 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 5 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 6 s s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 7 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 9 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 11 s s NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 13 Speedup Speedup NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 14 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 15 0.75 0.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 16 1,577 1,577 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 17 376 376 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 18 4.19 4.19 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 19 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 20 0.25 0.25 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 21 7,961 7,961 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 22 1,201 1,201 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 23 6.62 6.62 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 24 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 25 0.35 0.35 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 26 1,019 1,019 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 27 249 249 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 28 4.09 4.09 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 29 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 30 25 25 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 31 Configuration configuration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 32 # # $ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 33 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 34 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 35 benchmarks benchmark NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 619 36 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 2 Subset Subset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 3 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 4 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 5 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 6 s s NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 7 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 9 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 11 s s NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 13 Speedup Speedup NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 14 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 15 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 16 877 877 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 17 277 277 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 18 3.16 3.16 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 19 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 20 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 21 14,504 14,504 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 22 3,052 3,052 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 23 4.75 4.75 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 24 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 25 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 26 3,294 3,294 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 27 591 591 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 28 5.57 5.57 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 29 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 30 9 9 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 31 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 32 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 33 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 34 vs vs IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 35 problem problem NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 36 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 620 37 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 621 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 10 33/37 33/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 13 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 14 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 15 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 16 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 622 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 1 Note note VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 2 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 3 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 5 first first JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 6 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 8 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 9 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 12 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 13 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 14 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 15 equivalent equivalent JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 16 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 17 there there EX work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 18 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 19 only only RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 20 one one CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 21 node node NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 22 bucket bucket NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 623 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 1 Surprisingly surprisingly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 2 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 3 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 4 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 6 still still RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 7 faster fast JJR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 8 than than IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 10 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 11 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 12 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 13 level level NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 14 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 15 despite despite IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 17 fact fact NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 18 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 19 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 20 multiscan multiscan NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 21 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 22 multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 23 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 24 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 25 sequentially sequentially RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 26 iterate iterate VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 27 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 28 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 29 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 30 = = SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 31 32 32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 32 nodes node NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 33 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 34 each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 35 step step NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 624 36 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 2 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 3 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 4 executing execute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 5 instructions instruction NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 6 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 7 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 8 Figure Figure NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 9 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 10 Yahoo Yahoo NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 11 LTR LTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 12 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 13 n n NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 14 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 15 threads thread NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 16 vs vs IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 17 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 625 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 2 26 26 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 3 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 4 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 5 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 6 interleaved interleave VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 7 levels level NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 626 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 1 Levels level NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 3 time time NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 5 s s LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 7 Accuracy Accuracy NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 8 Speedup Speedup NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 9 0 0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 10 85.96 85.96 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 11 0.7045 0.7045 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 12 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 13 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 14 85.59 85.59 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 15 0.7102 0.7102 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 16 1.0 1.0 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 17 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 18 82.32 82.32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 19 0.7047 0.7047 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 20 1.04 1.04 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 21 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 22 79.97 79.97 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 23 0.7066 0.7066 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 24 1.07 1.07 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 25 4 4 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 26 76.38 76.38 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 27 0.7094 0.7094 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 28 1.13 1.13 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 29 5 5 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 30 75.21 75.21 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 31 0.7046 0.7046 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 32 1.14 1.14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 33 Figure figure NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 34 11 11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 35 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 36 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 37 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 38 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 39 threshold threshold NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 627 40 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 628 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 10 34/37 34/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 12 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 13 held hold VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 15 registers register NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 16 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 17 shared share VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 18 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 19 carries carry VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 20 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 21 very very RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 22 low low JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 23 cost cost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 24 relative relative JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 25 to to IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 26 uncoalesced uncoalesced JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 27 re re NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 28 - - NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 29 ordering ordering NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 30 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 31 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 32 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 33 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 34 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 35 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 36 as as IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 37 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 38 performed perform VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 39 when when WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 40 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 41 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 629 42 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 1 Memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 2 consumption consumption NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 3 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 4 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 6 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 7 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 8 consumption consumption NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 9 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 10 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 11 27 27 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 12 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 13 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 14 three three CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 15 benchmark benchmark JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 16 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 630 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 1 Each each DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 2 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 3 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 4 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 5 fit fit JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 6 entirely entirely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 7 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 9 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 10 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 11 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 12 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 13 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 14 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 15 Titan Titan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 16 X x NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 17 card card NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 631 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 2 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 3 28 28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 5 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 6 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 8 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 9 consumption consumption NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 12 original original JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 13 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 14 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 16 comparison comparison NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 632 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 1 Host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 2 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 3 consumption consumption NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 4 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 5 evaluated evaluate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 6 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 8 valgrind valgrind NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 9 massif massif NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 10 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 11 http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/msmanual.html http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/msmanual.html NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 12 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 13 heap heap NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 14 profiler profiler NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 15 tool tool NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 633 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 1 Device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 2 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 3 usage usage NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 4 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 5 recorded record VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 6 programmatically programmatically RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 7 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 8 custom custom NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 9 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 10 allocators allocator NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 634 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 2 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 3 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 4 requirements requirement NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 5 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 6 approximately approximately RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 7 twice twice RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 8 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 9 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 11 original original JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 12 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 13 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 635 14 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 1 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 2 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 3 because because IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 5 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 6 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 7 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 8 able able JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 9 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 10 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 11 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 12 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 13 place place NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 15 whereas whereas IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 17 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 18 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 19 requires require VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 20 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 21 functions function NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 22 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 23 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 24 not not RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 25 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 26 place place NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 27 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 28 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 29 maintain maintain VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 30 separate separate JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 31 buffers buffer NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 32 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 33 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 34 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 35 output output NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 636 36 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 1 CONCLUSION CONCLUSION NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 2 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 3 highly highly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 4 practical practical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 5 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 6 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 7 accelerated accelerate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 8 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 9 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 10 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 11 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 12 devised devise VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 14 evaluated evaluate VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 15 within within IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 17 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 18 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 637 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 2 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 3 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 4 built build VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 5 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 6 top top NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 7 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 8 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 9 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 10 primitives primitive NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 12 switches switch NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 13 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 14 two two CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 15 modes mode NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 17 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 18 depending depend VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 19 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 20 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 21 depth depth NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 638 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 2 ‘ ' `` work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 3 interleaved interleaved JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 4 ’ ' '' work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 5 mode mode NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 7 operation operation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 8 shows show VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 9 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 10 multiscan multiscan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 11 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 12 multireduce multireduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 13 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 14 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 15 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 16 limited limited JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 17 number number NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 19 buckets bucket NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 20 can can MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 21 be be VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 22 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 23 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 24 avoid avoid VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 25 expensive expensive JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 26 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 27 operations operation NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 28 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 29 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 30 depths depth NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 31 below below IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 32 six six CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 33 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 34 resulting result VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 35 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 36 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 37 increases increase NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 38 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 39 1.14 1.14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 40 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 41 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 42 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 43 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 44 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 639 45 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 3 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 4 provides provide VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 5 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 7 between between IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 8 3 3 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 9 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 10 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 11 6 6 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 12 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 13 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 14 multicore multicore JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 15 CPUs cpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 16 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 17 desktop desktop NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 18 machines machine NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 19 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 20 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 21 speed speed NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 22 up up IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 23 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 24 1.2 1.2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 25 � � NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 26 over over IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 27 2 2 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 28 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 29 Xeon Xeon NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 30 CPUs cpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 31 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 32 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 33 cores core NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 640 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 1 We -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 2 see see VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 3 significant significant JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 4 speedups speedup NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 5 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 6 all all DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 7 parameters parameter NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 8 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 9 datasets dataset NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 10 above above IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 12 certain certain JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 13 size size NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 15 while while IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 16 providing provide VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 17 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 18 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 19 that that WDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 20 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 21 feature feature NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 22 complete complete JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 24 able able JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 25 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 26 handle handle VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 27 sparse sparse JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 28 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 641 29 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 1 Potential potential JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 2 drawbacks drawback NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 4 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 5 algorithm algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 6 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 7 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 8 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 9 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 10 input input NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 11 matrix matrix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 12 must must MD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 13 fit fit VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 14 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 15 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 16 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 18 device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 19 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 20 consumption consumption NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 21 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 22 approximately approximately RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 23 twice twice PDT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 24 that that DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 25 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 26 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 27 host host NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 28 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 29 used use VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 30 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 31 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 32 CPU CPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 33 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 642 34 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 1 Despite despite IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 2 this this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 4 we -PRON- PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 5 show show VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 6 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 8 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 9 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 10 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 11 efficient efficient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 12 enough enough RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 13 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 14 process process VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 16 entire entire JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 17 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 18 dataset dataset NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 19 containing contain VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 20 10 10 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 21 million million CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 22 instances instance NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 23 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 24 28 28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 25 features feature NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 26 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 27 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 28 single single JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 29 12 12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 30 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 31 card card NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 643 32 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 1 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 2 27 27 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 3 Memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 4 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 5 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 6 algorithm algorithm NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 644 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 1 Dataset dataset JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 2 Device device NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 3 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 5 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 7 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 8 4.03 4.03 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 9 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 10 11.32 11.32 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 11 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 12 8.28 8.28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 13 Table table NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 14 28 28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 15 Memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 16 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 17 CPU cpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 18 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 645 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 1 Dataset Dataset NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 2 Host Host NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 3 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 5 GB GB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 7 YLTR YLTR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 8 1.80 1.80 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 9 Higgs Higgs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 10 6.55 6.55 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 11 Bosch Bosch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 12 3.28 3.28 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 13 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 15 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 16 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 17 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 18 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 20 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 21 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 646 22 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 10 35/37 35/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 11 http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/msmanual.html http://valgrind.org/docs/manual/msmanual.html CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 12 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 13 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 14 Our -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 15 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 16 provides provide VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 17 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 18 practical practical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 19 means mean NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 20 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 21 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 22 users user NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 23 processing process VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 24 large large JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 25 data data NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 26 sets set NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 27 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 28 significantly significantly RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 29 reduce reduce VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 30 processing processing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 31 times time NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 32 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 33 showing show VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 34 that that IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 35 gradient gradient JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 36 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 37 tasks task NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 38 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 39 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 40 good good JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 41 candidate candidate NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 42 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 43 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 44 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 45 acceleration acceleration NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 46 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 47 are be VBP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 48 therefore therefore RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 49 no no RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 50 longer long RBR work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 51 solely solely RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 52 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 53 domain domain NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 54 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 55 multicore multicore JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 56 CPUs cpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 647 57 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 1 ADDITIONAL additional JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 2 INFORMATION information NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 3 AND and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 4 DECLARATIONS declaration NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 5 Funding Funding NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 6 This this DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 7 research research NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 8 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 9 supported support VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 10 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 11 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 12 Marsden Marsden NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 13 Grant Grant NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 14 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 15 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 16 Royal Royal NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 17 Society Society NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 18 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 19 New New NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 20 Zealand Zealand NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 21 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 22 UOW1502 UOW1502 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 23 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 648 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 2 funders funder NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 3 had have VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 4 no no DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 5 role role NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 6 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 7 study study NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 8 design design NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 10 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 11 collection collection NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 13 analysis analysis NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 15 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 16 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 17 publish publish VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 18 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 19 or or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 20 preparation preparation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 21 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 22 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 23 manuscript manuscript NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 649 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 1 Grant Grant NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 2 Disclosures disclosure VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 3 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 4 following follow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 5 grant grant NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 6 information information NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 7 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 8 disclosed disclose VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 9 by by IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 10 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 11 authors author NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 12 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 13 Marsden Marsden NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 14 Grant Grant NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 15 from from IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 16 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 17 Royal Royal NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 18 Society Society NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 19 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 20 New New NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 21 Zealand Zealand NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 22 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 23 UOW1502 UOW1502 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 650 24 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 1 Competing compete VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 2 Interests interest NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 3 Eibe Eibe NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 4 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 5 is be VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 6 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 7 Academic Academic NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 8 Editor Editor NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 9 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 651 10 PeerJ. PeerJ. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 1 Author author NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 2 Contributions contribution NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 3 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 4 Rory Rory NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 5 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 6 conceived conceive VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 7 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 8 designed design VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 9 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 10 experiments experiment NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 11 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 12 performed perform VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 13 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 14 experiments experiment NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 16 analysed analyse VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 18 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 19 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 20 wrote write VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 21 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 22 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 23 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 24 prepared prepare VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 25 figures figure NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 26 and/or and/or CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 27 tables table NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 28 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 29 performed perform VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 30 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 31 computation computation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 32 work work NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 33 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 34 reviewed review VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 35 drafts draft NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 36 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 37 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 38 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 652 39 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 1 � � NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 2 Eibe Eibe NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 4 conceived conceive VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 5 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 6 designed design VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 7 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 8 experiments experiment NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 10 wrote write VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 11 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 12 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 13 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 14 reviewed review VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 15 drafts draft NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 16 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 17 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 18 paper paper NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 653 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 1 Data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 2 Availability availability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 3 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 4 following follow VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 5 information information NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 6 was be VBD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 7 supplied supply VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 8 regarding regard VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 9 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 10 availability availability NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 11 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 12 Github Github NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 13 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 14 https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 15 REFERENCES reference NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 16 Baxter Baxter NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 17 S. S. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 18 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 654 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 655 1 Modern modern JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 655 2 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 655 3 — — : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 655 4 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 655 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 3 https://moderngpu.github.io/ https://moderngpu.github.io/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 4 performance.html performance.html NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 5 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 6 accessed access VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 7 14 14 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 8 June June NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 9 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 10 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 656 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 657 1 Blelloch Blelloch NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 657 2 GE GE NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 657 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 658 1 1990 1990 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 658 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 659 1 Prefix prefix JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 659 2 sums sum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 659 3 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 659 4 their -PRON- PRP$ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 659 5 applications application NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 659 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 1 Technical technical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 2 report report NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 3 CMU CMU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 4 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 5 CS-90 CS-90 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 6 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 7 190 190 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 8 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 9 School School NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 10 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 11 Computer Computer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 12 Science Science NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 13 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 14 Carnegie Carnegie NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 15 Mellon Mellon NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 16 University University NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 660 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 1 Chen Chen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 2 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 4 Guestrin Guestrin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 5 C. C. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 6 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 661 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 1 Xgboost xgboost NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 4 scalable scalable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 5 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 6 boosting boost VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 7 system system NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 662 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 3 Proceedings proceeding NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 6 22Nd 22nd CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 7 ACM ACM NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 8 SIGKDD SIGKDD NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 9 International International NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 10 Conference Conference NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 11 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 12 Knowledge Knowledge NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 13 Discovery Discovery NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 14 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 15 Data Data NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 16 Mining Mining NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 663 17 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 1 New New NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 2 York York NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 4 ACM ACM NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 6 785–794 785–794 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 664 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 1 Chiu Chiu NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 2 C C NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 3 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 4 C C NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 6 Luo Luo NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 7 G G NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 9 H H NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 11 Yuan Yuan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 12 S S NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 13 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 14 M. M. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 15 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 665 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 1 A a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 2 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 3 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 4 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 5 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 6 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 666 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 3 Proceedings Proceedings NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 6 13th 13th JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 7 International International NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 8 Conference Conference NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 10 Information Information NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 11 Integration Integration NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 12 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 13 Web web NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 14 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 15 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 16 Applications Applications NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 17 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 18 Services Services NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 667 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 1 New New NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 2 York York NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 4 ACM ACM NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 6 399–402 399–402 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 668 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 1 Coates coat VBZ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 2 A a NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 4 Huval Huval NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 5 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 7 Wang Wang NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 8 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 10 Wu Wu NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 11 D D NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 13 Catanzaro Catanzaro NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 14 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 16 Andrew Andrew NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 17 N. N. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 18 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 669 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 1 Deep deep JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 2 learning learn VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 3 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 4 COTS COTS NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 5 HPC HPC NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 6 systems system NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 670 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 3 Proceedings Proceedings NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 5 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 6 30th 30th JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 7 International International NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 8 Conference Conference NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 10 Machine Machine NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 11 Learning Learning NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 13 jmlr.org jmlr.org NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 14 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 15 1337–1345 1337–1345 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 671 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 672 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 10 36/37 36/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 11 https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu https://github.com/dmlc/xgboost/tree/master/plugin/updater_gpu CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 12 https://moderngpu.github.io/performance.html https://moderngpu.github.io/performance.html NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 13 https://moderngpu.github.io/performance.html https://moderngpu.github.io/performance.html NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 14 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 15 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 16 Eilers Eilers NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 17 M. M. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 18 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 673 19 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 1 Multireduce multireduce NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 3 multiscan multiscan VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 4 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 5 modern modern JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 6 GPUs gpu NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 674 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 1 Master Master NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 2 ’s ’s POS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 3 thesis thesis NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 5 Department Department NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 6 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 7 Computer Computer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 8 Science Science NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 10 University University NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 12 Copenhagen Copenhagen NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 675 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 1 Friedman Friedman NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 2 J J NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 4 Hastie Hastie NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 5 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 7 Tibshirani Tibshirani NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 8 R. R. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 9 2001 2001 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 676 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 677 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 677 2 elements element NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 677 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 677 4 statistical statistical JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 677 5 learning learning NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 677 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 3 Springer Springer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 4 Series Series NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 5 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 6 Statistics Statistics NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 678 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 679 1 Vol Vol NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 679 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 680 1 1 1 LS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 680 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 681 1 Berlin Berlin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 681 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 681 3 Springer Springer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 681 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 681 5 337–387 337–387 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 681 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 1 Grahn Grahn NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 2 H H NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 4 Lavesson Lavesson NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 5 N N NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 7 Lapajne Lapajne NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 8 MH MH NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 10 Slat Slat NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 11 D. D. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 12 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 682 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 1 CudaRF cudarf JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 4 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 5 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 6 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 7 implementation implementation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 8 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 9 random random JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 10 forests forest NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 683 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 3 Proceedings proceeding NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 6 9th 9th JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 7 IEEE IEEE NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 8 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 9 ACS ACS NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 10 International International NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 11 Conference Conference NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 12 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 13 Computer Computer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 14 Systems Systems NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 15 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 16 Applications Applications NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 17 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 18 IEEE IEEE NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 19 Computer Computer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 20 Society Society NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 21 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 22 95–101 95–101 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 684 23 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 1 Hall Hall NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 2 M M NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 4 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 5 E E NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 7 Holmes Holmes NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 8 G G NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 9 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 10 Pfahringer Pfahringer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 11 B B NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 12 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 13 Reutemann Reutemann NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 14 P P NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 16 Witten Witten NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 17 IH IH NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 685 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 686 1 2009 2009 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 686 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 2 WEKA WEKA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 3 data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 4 mining mining NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 5 software software NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 6 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 7 an an DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 8 update update NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 687 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 1 ACM ACM NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 2 SIGKDD SIGKDD NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 3 Explorations Explorations NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 4 Newsletter Newsletter NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 5 11(1):10–18 11(1):10–18 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 6 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 7 10.1145/1656274.1656278 10.1145/1656274.1656278 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 688 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 689 1 Harris Harris NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 689 2 M. M. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 689 3 2007 2007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 689 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 690 1 Optimizing optimize VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 690 2 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 690 3 reduction reduction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 690 4 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 690 5 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 690 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 691 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 691 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 691 3 http://developer.download http://developer.download NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 691 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 1 nvidia.com/assets/cuda/files/reduction.pdf nvidia.com/assets/cuda/files/reduction.pdf NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 2 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 3 accessed access VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 4 31 31 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 5 March March NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 6 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 7 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 692 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 693 1 Harris Harris NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 693 2 M. M. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 693 3 2013 2013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 693 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 1 How how WRB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 2 to to TO work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 3 access access VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 4 global global JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 5 memory memory NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 6 efficiently efficiently RB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 7 in in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 8 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 9 C C NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 10 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 11 C++ C++ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 12 kernels kernel NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 694 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 3 http://devblogs.nvidia.com/parallelforall/how-access-global-memory-efficiently-cuda-c-kernels/ http://devblogs.nvidia.com/parallelforall/how-access-global-memory-efficiently-cuda-c-kernels/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 5 accessed access VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 6 24 24 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 7 November November NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 8 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 9 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 695 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 1 Harris Harris NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 2 M M NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 4 Sengupta Sengupta NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 5 S S NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 7 Owens Owens NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 8 JD JD NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 696 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 697 1 2007 2007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 697 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 1 Parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 2 prefix prefix NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 3 sum sum NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 5 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 7 with with IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 8 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 698 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 699 1 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 699 2 Gems Gems NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 699 3 3(39):851–876 3(39):851–876 PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 699 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 700 1 Higham Higham NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 700 2 NJ NJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 700 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 701 1 1993 1993 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 701 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 1 The the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 2 accuracy accuracy NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 4 floating float VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 5 point point NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 6 summation summation NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 702 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 1 SIAM SIAM NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 2 Journal Journal NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 3 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 4 Scientific Scientific NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 5 Computing Computing NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 6 14(4):783–799 14(4):783–799 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 7 DOI doi NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 8 10.1137/0914050 10.1137/0914050 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 703 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 1 Hillis Hillis NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 2 WD WD NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 4 Steele Steele NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 5 GL GL NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 6 Jr. Jr. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 7 1986 1986 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 704 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 705 1 Data datum NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 705 2 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 705 3 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 705 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 1 Communications communication NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 2 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 3 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 4 ACM ACM NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 5 29(12):1170–1183 29(12):1170–1183 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 6 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 7 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 9 1 1 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 10 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 11 4612 4612 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 12 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 13 1220 1220 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 14 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 15 1_11 1_11 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 706 16 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 1 Hoberock Hoberock NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 2 J J NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 4 Bell Bell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 5 N. N. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 6 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 707 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 1 Thrust Thrust VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 4 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 5 template template NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 6 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 708 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 709 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 709 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 709 3 https://thrust.github.io/. https://thrust.github.io/. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 1 Lo Lo NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 2 W W NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 3 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 4 T T NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 5 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 6 Chang Chang NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 7 Y Y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 9 S S NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 10 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 11 Sheu Sheu NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 12 R R NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 13 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 14 K K NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 15 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 16 Chiu Chiu NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 17 C C NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 18 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 19 C C NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 20 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 21 Yuan Yuan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 22 S S NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 23 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 24 M. M. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 25 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 710 26 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 1 CUDT CUDT NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 3 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 4 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 5 based base VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 6 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 7 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 8 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 711 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 1 Scientific scientific JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 2 World World NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 3 Journal Journal NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 4 2014:1–12 2014:1–12 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 5 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 6 10.1155/2014/745640 10.1155/2014/745640 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 712 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 713 1 Matloff Matloff NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 713 2 N. N. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 713 3 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 713 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 714 1 Programming program VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 714 2 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 714 3 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 714 4 machines machine NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 714 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 3 http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/ http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/ ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 4 ~matloff/158 ~matloff/158 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 5 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 6 PLN PLN NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 7 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 8 ParProcBook.pdf parprocbook.pdf NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 715 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 716 1 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 716 2 D D NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 716 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 716 4 Grimshaw Grimshaw NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 716 5 A. A. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 717 1 2011 2011 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 717 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 1 High high JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 2 performance performance NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 3 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 4 scalable scalable JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 5 radix radix NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 6 sorting sort VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 7 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 8 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 9 case case NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 10 study study NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 11 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 12 implementing implement VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 13 dynamic dynamic JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 14 parallelism parallelism NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 15 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 16 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 17 computing computing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 718 18 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 1 Parallel Parallel NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 2 Processing Processing NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 3 Letters Letters NNPS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 4 21(2):245–272 21(2):245–272 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 5 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 6 10.1142 10.1142 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 7 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 8 s0129626411000187 s0129626411000187 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 719 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 1 Merrill Merrill NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 2 D D NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 4 NVIDIA NVIDIA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 5 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 6 Labs Labs NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 720 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 721 1 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 721 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 1 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 2 UnBound UnBound NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 3 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 4 CUB CUB NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 5 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 6 library library NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 722 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 723 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 723 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 723 3 http://nvlabs.github http://nvlabs.github NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 723 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 724 1 io io NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 724 2 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 724 3 cub/. cub/. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 1 Nasridinov Nasridinov NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 2 A A NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 4 Lee Lee NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 5 Y Y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 6 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 7 Park Park NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 8 Y Y NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 9 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 10 H. H. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 11 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 725 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 1 Decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 2 tree tree NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 3 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 4 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 5 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 6 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 7 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 8 parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 9 computing computing NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 10 approach approach NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 726 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 1 Computing compute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 2 96(5):403–413 96(5):403–413 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 3 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 4 10.1007 10.1007 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 5 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 6 s00607 s00607 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 7 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 8 013 013 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 9 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 10 0343-z 0343-z NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 727 11 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 728 1 Nvidia Nvidia NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 728 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 729 1 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 729 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 730 1 Block Block NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 730 2 scan scan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 730 3 algorithms algorithm NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 730 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 731 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 731 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 731 3 http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/namespacecub http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/namespacecub NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 731 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 1 html#abec44bba36037c547e7e84906d0d23ab html#abec44bba36037c547e7e84906d0d23ab ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 2 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 3 accessed access VBN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 4 30 30 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 5 December December NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 6 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 7 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 732 8 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 733 1 Nvidia Nvidia NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 733 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 734 1 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 734 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 735 1 CUDA CUDA NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 735 2 C C NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 735 3 programming programming NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 735 4 guide guide NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 735 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 736 1 Available available JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 736 2 at at IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 736 3 http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/index.html http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/index.html ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 736 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 737 1 Quinlan Quinlan NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 737 2 JR JR NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 737 3 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 737 4 2014 2014 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 737 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 1 C4.5 C4.5 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 3 Programs program NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 4 for for IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 5 Machine Machine NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 6 Learning Learning NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 738 7 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 739 1 San San NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 739 2 Francisco Francisco NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 739 3 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 739 4 Elsevier Elsevier NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 739 5 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 740 1 Sharp Sharp NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 740 2 T. T. NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 740 3 2008 2008 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 740 4 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 1 Implementing implement VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 2 decision decision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 3 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 4 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 5 forests forest NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 6 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 741 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 1 In in IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 3 Proceedings proceeding NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 4 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 5 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 6 10th 10th JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 7 European European NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 8 Conference Conference NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 9 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 10 Computer Computer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 11 Vision vision NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 742 12 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 743 1 Berlin Berlin NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 743 2 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 743 3 Springer Springer NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 743 4 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 743 5 595–608 595–608 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 743 6 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 744 1 Strnad Strnad NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 744 2 D D NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 744 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 744 4 Nerat Nerat NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 744 5 A. a. NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 745 1 2016 2016 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 745 2 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 1 Parallel parallel JJ work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 2 construction construction NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 3 of of IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 4 classification classification NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 5 trees tree NNS work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 6 on on IN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 7 a a DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 8 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 746 9 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 1 Concurrency Concurrency NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 3 Computation Computation NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 4 : : : work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 5 Practice Practice NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 6 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 7 Experience Experience NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 8 28(5):1417–1436 28(5):1417–1436 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 9 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 10 10.1002 10.1002 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 11 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 12 cpe.3660 cpe.3660 FW work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 747 13 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 1 Mitchell Mitchell NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 2 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 3 Frank Frank NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 4 ( ( -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 5 2017 2017 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 6 ) ) -RRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 7 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 8 PeerJ PeerJ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 9 Comput Comput NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 748 10 . . . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 1 Sci Sci NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 2 . . NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 3 , , , work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 4 DOI DOI NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 5 10.7717 10.7717 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 6 / / SYM work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 7 peerj peerj NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 8 - - HYPH work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 9 cs.127 cs.127 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 10 37/37 37/37 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 11 http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1656274.1656278 http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1656274.1656278 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 12 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/assets/cuda/files/reduction.pdf http://developer.download.nvidia.com/assets/cuda/files/reduction.pdf NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 13 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/assets/cuda/files/reduction.pdf http://developer.download.nvidia.com/assets/cuda/files/reduction.pdf CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 14 http://devblogs.nvidia.com/parallelforall/how-access-global-memory-efficiently-cuda-c-kernels/ http://devblogs.nvidia.com/parallelforall/how-access-global-memory-efficiently-cuda-c-kernels/ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 15 http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0914050 http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0914050 CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 16 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1220-1_11 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1220-1_11 NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 17 https://thrust.github.io/ https://thrust.github.io/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 18 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/745640 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/745640 -LRB- work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 19 http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/158/PLN/ParProcBook.pdf http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/158/PLN/ParProcBook.pdf NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 20 http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/158/PLN/ParProcBook.pdf http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/158/PLN/ParProcBook.pdf NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 21 http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626411000187 http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626411000187 VB work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 22 http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/ http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/ PRP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 23 http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/ http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/ CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 24 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00607-013-0343-z http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00607-013-0343-z NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 25 http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/namespacecub.html#abec44bba36037c547e7e84906d0d23ab http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/namespacecub.html#abec44bba36037c547e7e84906d0d23ab CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 26 http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/namespacecub.html#abec44bba36037c547e7e84906d0d23ab http://nvlabs.github.io/cub/namespacecub.html#abec44bba36037c547e7e84906d0d23ab CD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 27 http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/index.html http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/index.html . work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 28 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.3660 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.3660 ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 29 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.127 ADD work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 30 https://peerj.com/computer-science/ https://peerj.com/computer-science/ NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 31 Accelerating accelerate VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 32 the the DT work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 33 XGBoost XGBoost NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 34 algorithm algorithm NN work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 35 using use VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 36 GPU GPU NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 37 computing compute VBG work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 38 Introduction Introduction NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 39 Background Background NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 40 and and CC work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 41 Related Related NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 42 Work Work NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 43 Parallel Parallel NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 44 Tree Tree NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 45 Construction Construction NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 46 Evaluation Evaluation NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 47 Conclusion Conclusion NNP work_les4de22qzd4pkbxjnruyovkn4 749 48 References reference NNS