id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
en-wikipedia-org-2833		Philosophy of language - Wikipedia			.html	text/html	10657	1438	60	One of the central figures involved in this development was the German philosopher Gottlob Frege, whose work on philosophical logic and the philosophy of language in the late 19th century influenced the work of 20th-century analytic philosophers Bertrand Russell and Ludwig Wittgenstein. Humanistic views are challenged by biological theories of language which consider languages as natural phenomena.[73] Charles Darwin considered languages as species.[74] 19th century evolutionary linguistics was furthest developed by August Schleicher who compared languages to plants, animals and crystals.[75] In Neo-Darwinism, Richard Dawkins and other proponents of cultural replicator theories[76] consider languages as populations of mind viruses.[77] Noam Chomsky, on the other hand, holds the view that language is not an organism but an organ, and that linguistic structures are crystallised.[78] This is hypothesised as having been caused by a single mutation in humans[79], but Steven Pinker argues it is the result of human and cultural co-evolution.[80]	./cache/en-wikipedia-org-2833.html	./txt/en-wikipedia-org-2833.txt