Christian August Crusius - Wikipedia Christian August Crusius From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Christian August Crusius Christian August Crusius (10 January 1715 – 18 October 1775) was a German philosopher and Protestant theologian. Contents 1 Biography 2 Philosophical work 3 Notes 4 References 5 External links Biography[edit] Crusius was born in Leuna in the Electorate of Saxony. He was educated at the University of Leipzig, and became professor of theology there in 1750, and principal in 1773.[1] Crusius first came to notice as an opponent of the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff from the standpoint of religious orthodoxy. He attacked it mainly on the grounds of the moral evils that must flow from any system of determinism, and attempted to vindicate the freedom of the will. The most important works of this period of his life are Anweisung, vernünftig zu leben [Guide to Rational Living] (1744), Entwurf der nothwendigen Vernunftwahrheiten wiefern sie den zufälligen entgegengesetzt werden [Outline of the Necessary Truths of Reason, in so far as they are Opposed to Contingent Truths] (1745), Weg zur Gewissheit und Zuverlässigkeit der menschlichen Erkenntniss [Path to Certainty and Reliability in Human Knowledge] (1747), and Anleitung, über natürliche Begebenheiten ordentlich und vorsichtig nachzudenken [Instruction on How to Reflect Correctly and Cautiously on Natural Events] (1749). Crusius' philosophical books had a great but short-lived popularity. His criticism of Wolff influenced Immanuel Kant at the time when his system was forming; and his ethical,[1] as well as epistemological, doctrines are cited in his habilitation thesis and the Critique of Practical Reason. Kant "was deeply influenced by Crusius"[2] and owned Anweisung, Entwurf, and Anleitung. Crusius's later life was devoted to theology. He led the party in the university which became known as the "Crusianer" as opposed to the "Ernestianer," the followers of JA Ernesti. The two professors adopted opposite methods of exegesis. Ernesti wished to subject the Scripture in the same way as other ancient books; Crusius held firmly to orthodox ecclesiastical tradition.[1] He died in Leipzig. Philosophical work[edit] Crusius's chief theological works are Hypomnemata ad theologiam propheticam (1764–78), and Kurzer Entwurf den Moraltheologie (Short Outline of Moral Theology; 1772–73); his most important philosophical work is Entwurf der notwendingen Venunftwahrheiten reprinted Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1963. He opposed innovation in such matters as the accepted authorship of canonical writings, verbal inspiration, and the treatment of persons and events in the Old Testament as types of the New. His views have influenced later evangelical students of the Old Testament, such as EW Hengstenberg and Franz Delitzsch.[1] There is a full notice of Crusius in Ersch and Gruber's Allgemeine Encyclopädie. See also JE Erdmann's History of Philosophy; Anton Marquardt, Kant und Crusius; and article in Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopädie (1898).[1] Notes[edit] ^ a b c d e  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Crusius, Christian August". Encyclopædia Britannica. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 552. ^ I. Kant, Theoretical Philosophy: 1755–1770, Cambridge University Press, p. 496 References[edit] Crusius, Christian August.Die philosophische Hauptwerke, edited by Giorgio Tonelli, Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1964 (four volumes). Tonelli, Giorgio. "Crusius, Christian August" in Paul Edwards, The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, New York: Macmillan, 1967, vol. 2, pp. 268–271. External links[edit] The Birth of Ontology. A selection of Ontologists from 1560 to 1770 Entwurf der nothwendigen Vernunftwahrheiten 3rd edition (1766) Authority control BNF: cb124014652 (data) GND: 118677438 ISNI: 0000 0000 8132 8462 LCCN: n90718368 NKC: ola2002159036 NLI: 000215298 NTA: 073138193 PLWABN: 9810617775605606 SUDOC: 033115672 VcBA: 495/109425 VIAF: 54233306 WorldCat Identities: lccn-n90718368 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christian_August_Crusius&oldid=997568362" Categories: 1715 births 1775 deaths People from Leuna People from the Electorate of Saxony 18th-century German Protestant theologians German philosophers Leipzig University alumni Leipzig University faculty German male non-fiction writers 18th-century German male writers Hidden categories: Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLI identifiers Wikipedia articles with NTA identifiers Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers Wikipedia articles with VcBA identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages Deutsch Español Français Italiano مصرى Polski Русский Slovenčina Suomi Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 1 January 2021, at 04:38 (UTC). 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