Liberalism in Canada - Wikipedia Liberalism in Canada From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Part of a series on Liberalism History Age of Enlightenment List of liberal theorists (contributions to liberal theory) Ideas Civil and political rights Cultural liberalism Democracy Democratic capitalism Economic freedom Economic liberalism Egalitarianism Free market Free trade Freedom of the press Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Gender equality Harm principle Internationalism Laissez-faire Liberty Market economy Natural and legal rights Negative/positive liberty Non-aggression Principle Open society Permissive society Private property Rule of law Secularism Separation of church and state Social contract Welfare state Schools of thought Anarcho-capitalism Classical liberalism Radical liberalism Left-libertarianism Geolibertarianism Right-libertarianism Conservative liberalism Democratic liberalism Green liberalism Liberal autocracy Liberal Catholicism 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Canada has the same features of other liberal democracies in the Western democratic political tradition. This article gives an overview of liberalism in Canada. It includes a brief history of liberal parties with substantial representation in parliament. Canadian liberalism is different from the American use of the term, as it contains ideas such as support for economic liberalism. Contents 1 Liberalism in Canadian history 2 Liberal parties 2.1 Timeline 2.1.1 Canadian Party / Patriot Party / Red Party 2.1.2 Reform Party 2.1.3 Clear Grits / Liberal Party of Canada 2.2 Current status 3 Liberal leaders 3.1 Parti Patriote 3.2 Clear Grits 3.3 Parti Rouge 3.4 Liberal Party of Canada 4 Prominent Liberals 4.1 Federal 4.2 Provincial 4.3 Governor General of Canada 5 Liberal thinkers 6 References 7 See also Liberalism in Canadian history[edit] This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Historically, Canada has had two liberal phases. Prior to the 1960s, Canadian politics were classically liberal, i.e., there was a focus on individual liberty, representative government, and free markets. This brand of liberalism can be traced to the arrival in Canada of the United Empire Loyalists and the enactment of the Constitutional Act of 1791. The Constitutional Act established representative government through the elected assemblies of Upper and Lower Canada. While the Loyalists were faithful to British institutions and opposed to American republicanism, they were committed to North American ideals of individual liberty and representative government. This brand of liberalism was prominent through the Liberal government of Wilfrid Laurier, which advocated such policies as free trade with the United States, and beyond. The second liberalism began, roughly, in the 1960s with the election of Lester B. Pearson as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and can be traced through the politics of Pierre Trudeau, Jean Chrétien, and Paul Martin. This liberalism is what is properly called in a global context social liberalism, or what contemporary North American use of the word signifies as liberalism: liberal democracy, social justice, social progressivism, Third Way, multiculturalism, diplomacy in foreign policy, and a regulated free market economy (during the Trudeau era the Liberals arguably supported a mixed economy). There is argued to be a third phase of liberalism emerging that is centred on a more sustainable form of politics. The argument is that action is needed to ensure that the environment, economy, and social elements of society will function not only in the short term, but long term as well. If action is not taken on all of these pressing issues then it can cause a direct threat to our freedoms. This emerging new liberalism is centred on an ideal of 'timeless freedom' which seeks to preserve the freedom of future generations through proactive action today. This would extend both positive and negative rights and responsibilities to future generations. Liberal parties[edit] Liberal parties developed in both the French and English speaking parts of Canada, and led to the formation of the Liberal Party of Canada. Liberal parties exist on a provincial level, but while they mostly share similar ideologies, not all provincial parties are officially affiliated with the federal party. In Canada, a "capital-L" liberal refers to the policies and ideas of the Liberal Party of Canada/Parti Libéral du Canada (member LI), the most frequent governing party of Canada for the last century and one of the largest liberal parties around the world. The Quebec Liberal Party (Parti libéral du Québec) combines liberalism with more conservative ideas. Only federal parties are included in the following timeline. For inclusion in this scheme, it isn't necessary for parties to have explicitly labelled themselves as a liberal party. Timeline[edit] Canadian Party / Patriot Party / Red Party[edit] 1806: Liberals in the Francophone part of Canada formed the Canadian Party (Parti Canadien) 1826: The party is renamed Patriot Party (Parti Patriote) and is led by Louis-Joseph Papineau 1848: The party is further reorganised into the Red Party (Parti rouge) 1867: The PR merged into the present-day Liberal Party of Canada Reform Party[edit] 1841: The Upper Canada Reform Party is formed 1855: Radical members formed the Clear Grits. 1867: The Reform Party merged into Liberal Party of Canada Clear Grits / Liberal Party of Canada[edit] 1855: Radical members of the Reform Party formed the Clear Grits 1867: The Clear Grits merged with the Reform Party, the Red Party and provincial liberal parties into the present-day Liberal Party of Canada Current status[edit] In addition to the federal party, each province and the Yukon territory has its own Liberal Party; however, those in British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec are no longer affiliated with the federal party. The British Columbia Liberal Party is notably centre-right and often described as a "free enterprise coalition", with supporters from both the federal Liberal and Conservative parties.[1] Under their system of consensus government, political parties are not recognized in the territories of Nunavut and Northwest Territories. Federal, provincial and territorial Liberal Parties Federal party Last election Seats/Total Status Leader Liberal Party of Canada 2019 156/338 (House) 0/105 (Senate) Governing Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada Affiliated parties Last election Seats/Total Status Leader New Brunswick Liberal Association 2020 17/49 Official Opposition vacant Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador 2019 20/40 Governing Andrew Furey, Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia Liberal Party 2017 27/51 Governing Stephen McNeil, Premier of Nova Scotia Prince Edward Island Liberal Party 2019 6/27 Third Party Robert Mitchell (interim) Unaffiliated parties Last election Seats/Total Status Leader Alberta Liberal Party 2019 0/87 No seats David Khan British Columbia Liberal Party 2020 29/87 Official Opposition Andrew Wilkinson (retiring), Leader of the Opposition Manitoba Liberal Party 2019 3/57 Third party Dougald Lamont Ontario Liberal Party 2018 8/124 Third party Steven Del Duca Quebec Liberal Party 2018 29/125 Official Opposition Dominique Anglade, Leader of the Opposition Saskatchewan Liberal Party 2020 0/61 No seats Robert Rudachyk (interim) Yukon Liberal Party 2016 11/19 Governing Sandy Silver, Premier of Yukon Former party Details Northwest Territories Liberal Party No longer any recognized political parties due to consensus government. Liberal leaders[edit] Parti Patriote[edit] Louis-Joseph Papineau Clear Grits[edit] George Brown Parti Rouge[edit] Antoine-Aimé Dorion Liberal Party of Canada[edit] Alexander Mackenzie Edward Blake Wilfrid Laurier Daniel Duncan McKenzie William Lyon Mackenzie King Louis St. Laurent Lester Bowles Pearson Pierre Elliott Trudeau John Turner Jean Chrétien Paul Martin Bill Graham Stéphane Dion Michael Ignatieff Bob Rae Justin Trudeau Prominent Liberals[edit] Federal[edit] Henri Bourassa Maxime Raymond Ralph Goodale Allan MacEachen Paul Martin Sr. John Nunziata Ken Dryden Thomas Crerar Sheila Copps Herb Gray John Manley Paul Hellyer Scott Brison Martin Cauchon Denis Coderre Marc Garneau David McGuinty Deb Schulte Justin Trudeau Pierre Elliott Trudeau Bill Morneau Chrystia Freeland Provincial[edit] Mitchell Hepburn Jean Lesage Robert Bourassa David Peterson Dalton McGuinty Robert Ghiz Kathleen Wynne Christy Clark Governor General of Canada[edit] Vincent Massey Georges Vanier Roméo LeBlanc Jeanne Sauvé Liberal thinkers[edit] Mario Bunge - Argentinian-Canadian professor of philosophy. Matthew Kalkman - author of New Liberalism. Michael Ignatieff - political philosopher and former leader of the federal Liberal Party. Will Kymlicka - Canadian liberal thinker included in Contributions to liberal theory Jan Narveson - Canadian political philosopher and defender of libertarianism, or classical liberalism, currently Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of Waterloo References[edit] ^ McElroy, Justin (May 6, 2017). "Why the B.C. Liberals are sometimes liberal and sometimes not". CBC News. Retrieved August 13, 2019. See also[edit] Blue Grit Trudeauism Conservatism in Canada Socialism in Canada Republicanism in Canada Monarchism in Canada Fascism in Canada Anarchism in Canada History of Canada Politics of Canada List of political parties in Canada v t e Liberalism in Canada (by province or territory) Provinces Alberta British Columbia Manitoba New Brunswick Newfoundland and Labrador Nova Scotia Ontario Prince Edward Island Quebec Saskatchewan Territories Northwest Territories Nunavut Yukon Category  Canada portal v t e Liberalism in North America Sovereign states Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States Dependencies and other territories Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liberalism_in_Canada&oldid=990037004" Categories: Liberalism in Canada Political history of Canada Political movements in Canada Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from October 2015 All articles needing additional references Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages Français 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 22 November 2020, at 12:34 (UTC). 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