Coherence theory of truth - Wikipedia Coherence theory of truth From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search In epistemology, the coherence theory of truth regards truth as coherence within some specified set of sentences, propositions or beliefs. The model is contrasted with the correspondence theory of truth. A positive tenet is the idea that truth is a property of whole systems of propositions and can be ascribed to individual propositions only derivatively according to their coherence with the whole. While modern coherence theorists hold that there are many possible systems to which the determination of truth may be based upon coherence, others, particularly those with strong religious beliefs, hold that the truth only applies to a single absolute system. In general, truth requires a proper fit of elements within the whole system. Very often, though, coherence is taken to imply something more than simple formal coherence. For example, the coherence of the underlying set of concepts is considered to be a critical factor in judging validity. In other words, the set of base concepts in a universe of discourse must form an intelligible paradigm before many theorists consider that the coherence theory of truth is applicable.[citation needed] Contents 1 History 2 Varieties 3 Criticism 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading History[edit] See also: Coherentism § History In modern philosophy, the coherence theory of truth was defended by Baruch Spinoza,[1] Immanuel Kant,[1] Johann Gottlieb Fichte,[1] Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Schlegel,[2] Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel[1] and Harold Henry Joachim (who is credited with the definitive formulation of the theory).[3] However, Spinoza and Kant have also been interpreted as defenders of the correspondence theory of truth.[4] In contemporary philosophy, several epistemologists have significantly contributed to and defended the theory, primarily Brand Blanshard (who gave the earliest characterization of the theory in contemporary times) and Nicholas Rescher.[1] Varieties[edit] According to one view, the coherence theory of truth regards truth as coherence within some specified set of sentences, propositions or beliefs.[1] It is the "theory of knowledge which maintains that truth is a property primarily applicable to any extensive body of consistent propositions, and derivatively applicable to any one proposition in such a system by virtue of its part in the system".[5] Ideas like this are a part of the philosophical perspective known as confirmation holism.[6] Coherence theories of truth claim that coherence and consistency are important features of a theoretical system, and that these properties are sufficient to its truth. To state it in the reverse, that "truth" exists only within a system, and doesn't exist outside of a system. According to another version by H. H. Joachim (the philosopher credited with the definitive formulation of the theory, in his book The Nature of Truth, published in 1906), truth is a systematic coherence that involves more than logical consistency.[7] In this view, a proposition is true to the extent that it is a necessary constituent of a systematically coherent whole. Others of this school of thought, for example, Brand Blanshard, hold that this whole must be so interdependent that every element in it necessitates and even entails every other element. Exponents of this view infer that the most complete truth is a property solely of a unique coherent system, called the absolute, and that humanly knowable propositions and systems have a degree of truth that is proportionate to how fully they approximate this ideal.[8]:321–322 Criticism[edit] Perhaps the best-known objection to a coherence theory of truth is Bertrand Russell's.[1] He maintained that since both a belief and its negation will, individually, cohere with at least one set of beliefs, this means that contradictory beliefs can be shown to be true according to coherence theory, and therefore that the theory cannot work. However, what most coherence theorists are concerned with is not all possible beliefs, but the set of beliefs that people actually hold. The main problem for a coherence theory of truth, then, is how to specify just this particular set, given that the truth of which beliefs are actually held can only be determined by means of coherence.[citation needed] See also[edit] Coherence theory of justification Confirmation holism References[edit] ^ a b c d e f g The Coherence Theory of Truth (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) ^ Elizabeth Millan, Friedrich Schlegel and the Emergence of Romantic Philosophy, SUNY Press, 2012, p. 49. ^ Harold Henry Joachim (1868—1938) (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy) ^ The Correspondence Theory of Truth (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) ^ Benjamin, A. Cornelius (1962), "Coherence Theory of Truth", in Dagobert D. Runes (ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ, p. 58. ^ Quine, W. V., and Ullian, J. S. (1978), The Web of Belief, Random House, New York, NY, Chapter VIII. ^ Harold Henry Joachim (1868—1938) (Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy) ^ Baylis, Charles A. (1962), "Truth", in Dagobert D. Runes (ed.), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ. Further reading[edit] Kirkham, Richard L. (1992), Theories of Truth, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. Runes, Dagobert D. (ed., 1962), Dictionary of Philosophy, Littlefield, Adams, and Company, Totowa, NJ. v t e Truth General Statement Propositions Truth-bearer Truth-maker Theories Coherence Consensus Constructivist Correspondence Deflationary Epistemic Pluralist Pragmatic Redundancy Semantic Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coherence_theory_of_truth&oldid=966705851" Categories: Theories of truth Coherentism Epistemological theories Hidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012 Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012 Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version Languages Eesti Español فارسی Slovenčina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 8 July 2020, at 17:58 (UTC). 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