Philosophy of life - Wikipedia Philosophy of life From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Personal philosophy, whose focus is resolving the existential questions about the human condition It has been suggested that this article be merged with Lebensphilosophie. (Discuss) Proposed since September 2020. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Philosophy of life" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Wilhelm Dilthey A philosophy of life is any general attitude towards, or philosophical view of, the meaning of life or of the way life should be lived.[1] The term is generally used in an informal sense, meaning a personal philosophy whose focus is resolving basic existential questions about the human condition rather than an academic philosophical endeavour.[2] The term also refers to a specific conception of philosophizing as a way of life,[3] endorsed by the German Lebensphilosophie movement whose main representative is Wilhelm Dilthey[4] and several other continental philosophers such as Henri Bergson[5] and Pierre Hadot.[3] Contents 1 The human situation 2 Main answers to the existential question 2.1 Denial of essence 2.2 Denial of existence 2.3 Affirmation of life 3 Religion as an attempt to overcome the existential predicament 3.1 Religious existentialism 3.2 Atheistic existentialism 4 See also 5 References 5.1 Notes 5.2 Further reading 6 External links The human situation[edit] This section is in list format, but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (April 2013) Main article: Human situation The human situation appears to be a struggle between what is (existence) and what ought (essence) to be. Normative situations – Alternatives, Choice, Freedom, Values, Standards, Ideals, Obligation, Responsibility Existential predicament – Finitude, Alienation, Anxiety, Guilt, Ambivalence, Thrownness Main answers to the existential question[edit] There are at least three prevailing theories on how to respond to the existential question. Denial of essence[edit] Nihilism, denial of meaning Denial of existence[edit] Essentialism Affirmation of life[edit] Secular humanism Religion Religion as an attempt to overcome the existential predicament[edit] There are two basic forms of existentialism: Religious existentialism[edit] Main articles: Christian existentialism and Jewish existentialism Christian existentialism is best exemplified by St. Augustine, Blaise Pascal, Paul Tillich, and the philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard. Religious existentialism holds that there are two levels of reality, essence, which is the ground of being, and existence. Religion is the ultimate concern in this view. Atheistic existentialism[edit] Main article: Atheistic existentialism Atheistic existentialism is best exemplified by Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, and Jean-Paul Sartre. It holds that there is one level of reality, existence. In this view, each person constructs his own unique and temporary essence. See also[edit] Absurdity Henri Bergson Wilhelm Dilthey Essence Existence Existential crisis Ferdinand Fellmann Viktor Frankl German Idealism Pierre Hadot Human situation Hans Jonas Søren Kierkegaard Lebensphilosophie Meaning of life Self-discovery Vitalism References[edit] Notes[edit] ^ "Philosophy of life". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers. 2019. "Philosophy of life". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved September 29, 2020. ^ Timothy Fetler, Philosophy and Philosophy of Religion Charts, Sun Press, 1968. ^ a b Pierre Hadot (1922-2010) by Matthew Sharpe in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. ^ Scott Campbell, Paul W. Bruno (eds.), The Science, Politics, and Ontology of Life-Philosophy, Bloomsbury, 2013, p. 8. ^ Michael Chase, Stephen R. L. Clark, Michael McGhee (eds.), Philosophy as a Way of Life: Ancients and Moderns – Essays in Honor of Pierre Hadot, John Wiley & Sons, 2013, p. 107. Further reading[edit] William James and other essays on the philosophy of life, Josiah Royce Existential philosophy, Paul Tillich Reconsidering Meaning in Life Philosophy of Life in Contemporary Society External links[edit] Academic journals Journal of Philosophy of Life v t e Philosophy Branches Traditional Metaphysics Epistemology Logic Ethics Aesthetics Philosophy of... 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