Morąg - Wikipedia Morąg From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to navigation Jump to search Place in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland Morąg Town hall and marketplace Flag Coat of arms Morąg Show map of Poland Morąg Show map of Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Coordinates: 53°55′N 19°56′E / 53.917°N 19.933°E / 53.917; 19.933 Country  Poland Voivodeship  Warmian-Masurian County Ostróda Gmina Morąg Established 13th century Town rights 1327 Government  • Mayor Tadeusz Zbigniew Sobierajski Area  • Total 12.17 km2 (4.70 sq mi) Population (2006)  • Total 14,497  • Density 1,200/km2 (3,100/sq mi) Time zone UTC+1 (CET)  • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST) Postal code 14-300, 14-331 Area code(s) +48 89 Car plates NOS Website http://www.morag.pl Morąg ([ˈmɔrɔŋk]; German: Mohrungen, [ˈmoːʁʊŋən] (listen)) is a town in northern Poland in Ostróda County in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Contents 1 Geography 2 History 2.1 Middle Ages 2.2 Modern era 2.2.1 Population in the 19th century 3 Sights 4 Population 5 Famous residents 6 Religion 7 References 8 External links Geography[edit] The town is situated in the western uplands of the historic Prussia region. Its centre is located about 60 km (37 mi) south of the Polish - Russian (Kaliningrad) border. The nearest city is Olsztyn in Warmia, 38 km (24 mi) to the southeast. History[edit] Middle Ages[edit] Medieval town walls In medieval times, an Old Prussian settlement existed at the site under the name of Mawrin, Maurin or Morin.[1] A new town was built on its place by the invading Teutonic Knights after they destroyed the original settlement in the late 13th century. Part of the Order's State, it was given the name Mohrungen after a nearby lake and in 1327 attained Kulm town law from the local commander (Komtur) Hermann von Oettingen. The first inhabitants of the town were emigrants from the southern Harz region in central Germany. After the 1410 Battle of Grunwald the town was occupied by the united forces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland until 1461. During the Polish–Teutonic Hunger War of 1414, Mohrungen incinerated completely. In 1440, the citizens joined the Prussian Confederation, and after the outbreak of the Thirteen Years' War in 1454, they sided with Poland.[2][3] At the request of the confederation King Casimir IV Jagiellon signed the act of incorporation of the region to the Kingdom of Poland and on June 11 1454 in Elbing (Elbląg), the town pledged allegiance to the Polish King.[2][3] The town fought against the Teutonic Order in the war from 1454 to 1466. Reconquered by the Elbing commander Heinrich Reuß von Plauen in 1461, the town became his seat as deputy Grand Master. The command of the town was given to Ertman von Kirchberg, who oppressed the inhabitants.[2][better source needed] After the peace treaty signed in Toruń in 1466, Mohrungen remained part of the Teutonic state and at the same time came under Polish suzerainty as a fief. Mohrungen was on a shipping commerce line connecting Truso with harbors at the Black Sea. Agriculture and commerce was the primary occupations in the town. It was known as a cattle and grain market.[4] Modern era[edit] Dohna Castle During the Polish–Teutonic War of 1519–21, Morąg was again captured by Poland in 1520, after the local commander, Czech mercenary Wurgel Drahnicky, who wanted to defend the castle, was forced to submit to the Poles by the townspeople and his own troops.[5][better source needed] Upon the Protestant Reformation and the secularisation of the Order's State in 1525 it became part of Ducal Prussia, remaining a Polish fief until 1657. The estates were held by Colonel Peter von Dohna (1483–1553), Lord of Schlobitten, whose son Achatius von Dohna (1533–1619) had a castle erected. Peter's grandson Christopher von Dohna (1583–1637) became known as a scholar and governor of the Principality of Orange during the Thirty Years' War. Rebuilt in a Baroque style in the early 18th century, Dohna Castle is today used as a museum. Mohrungen in the early 20th century Mohrungen was again devastated during the Polish–Swedish War in 1626. From 1701 it was part of the Kingdom of Prussia under King Frederick I. It remained the seat of the local administration, since 1752 of Landkreis Mohrungen (Mohrungen district). Despite being outside of Polish suzerainty since 1657, in the 18th century Poles still inhabited the town and its surroundings, and the town owed its prosperity to trade routes connecting with Poland.[3] The town was within short distances surrounded by Polish territory. During the Napoleonic War of the Fourth Coalition, in 1807, Marshal Jean-Baptiste Jules Bernadotte took his residence at Dohna Castle; his French forces were defeated in a skirmish with Russian troops on January 25, 1807. An earthquake struck the town in 1818. The town received access to the Prussian state railways network in 1882. Part of the East Prussian Königsberg region, Mohrungen between 1871 and 1945 belonged to Germany. It was occupied by Soviet Red Army forces of the 2nd Belorussian Front during the East Prussian Offensive on 23 January 1945. After World War II, the remaining local populace was expelled and the town became part of the re-established Polish Republic according to the Potsdam Agreement, given its historic Polish name Morąg. From May 2010 to 2011 the town was the garrison of a United States Army Patriot Missile Defense battery.[6] Population in the 19th century[edit] In 1828 the county of Morąg (including the town) had 36,692 inhabitants, of whom - according to official German data - 35,635 (~97%) Germans and 1,057 (~3%) Poles. The town itself was exclusively German.[7] Sights[edit] St. Peter and St Paul's church After a fire in 1697 only Dohna Castle and the üarish church, which was restored and rebuilt several times, survived. Following World War II in 1945 fires burnt about 45% of the historic town centre. Only the outer walls of the town hall remained. The old castle of the Teutonic Knights is being excavated as more of it has been recently discovered. The "Dohna-Schlößchen" (Dohna Palace), which was mostly destroyed in the Second World War, was restored in 1986. Now it houses the Museum of Johann Gottfried Herder, an impressive regional museum. The main body of the Catholic church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul goes back to the first half of the 14th century. The town hall, damaged in the Second World War, was rebuilt from 1947-1954 as it looked before. Some ruins of the original town walls still remain. Kretowiny (Kranthau), a popular lake and camp ground are only 9 km away and are a favorite and frequent retreat for the local population. Morąg Marsh Population[edit] 1740: 1,067 1782: 1,753 1820: 2,108 1880: 3,742 1885: 3,879 1890: 3,780 1900: 4,025 1910: 4,147 1925: 4,934 1933: 5,414 2003: 14,570 2010: 13,895 2017: 14,042[8] Famous residents[edit] Christoph von Dohna (1583–1637), German politician Abraham Calovius (1612–1686), Lutheran theologian Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744–1803), German author, Lutheran theologian, and eminent enlightenment philosopher Gustav Hermann Schmischke (1883-unknown), Gauleiter Elisabeth von Thadden (1890–1944), German educator Reinold von Thadden-Trieglaff (1891–1976), German theologian Alfred Jaedtke (1913–1992), Wehrmacht officer Gerhard Bondzin (born 1930), German painter - Gallery Bernd Heine (born 1939), German linguist Zbigniew Nienacki (1929–1994), Polish writer Cezary Worek (1965- ), researcher at the AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków Mateusz Jakub Szpakowski (ur. 6 stycznia 1994) – polski raper i autor tekstów. Religion[edit] Pastoral activity in the town is the Roman Catholic Church and the Pentecostal Church - Protestant community on the nature of the Gospel, as well as the Greek Orthodox Church.[9] References[edit] ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-12-30. Retrieved 2013-06-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) ^ a b c Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VI, Warsaw, 1885, p. 672 (in Polish) ^ a b c "Historia, Municipal website of Morąg" (in Polish). Retrieved June 10, 2019. ^ Cohen, Saul B., "The Columbia Gazetteer of the World." Columbia University Press, 1998. ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom VI, Warsaw, 1885, p. 673 (in Polish) ^ Poland welcomes US soldiers, Patriot missiles ^ von Haxthausen, August (1839). Die ländliche verfassung in den einzelnen provinzen der Preussischen Monarchie (in German). Königsberg: Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung. pp. 78–81. ^ The Population. The status and structure of the territorial section (as of 31 XII 2010). Warsaw: Central Statistical Office, 2011-06-10. ISSN 1734-6118. ^ A. Kopiczko, Panorama, religion of the Olsztyn after World War II, pp. 63, 64 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Morąg. External links[edit] Municipal website (in Polish) Coordinates: 53°55′N 19°56′E / 53.917°N 19.933°E / 53.917; 19.933 v t e Gmina Morąg Town and seat Morąg Villages Anin Antoniewo Bartężek Białka Bogaczewo Borzymowo Bożęcin Bramka Chojnik Dobrocinek Dury Dworek Gubity Gulbity Jędrychówko Jurecki Młyn Jurki Kadzianka Kamionka Kępa Kalnicka Kretowiny Królewo Kruszewnia Kudypy Łączno Lubin Lusajny Małe Maliniak Markowo Morzewko Niebrzydowo Małe Niebrzydowo Wielkie Nowy Dwór Obuchowo Piłąg Plebania Wólka Prętki Prośno Raj Rogowo Rolnowo Ruś Silin Słonecznik Stabuniki Strużyna Szczuplinki Szymanowo Tątławki Wenecja Wilnowo Wola Kudypska Worytki Woryty Morąskie Żabi Róg Zawroty Zbożne Złotna Zwierzyniec Authority control GND: 4101115-6 LCCN: n92115497 MBAREA: b667e09e-0bae-4d4d-a3fe-dd8525d5a868 NKC: ge831971 VIAF: 143792271 WorldCat Identities (via VIAF): 143792271 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morąg&oldid=994491242" Categories: 1302 establishments in Europe Castles of the Teutonic Knights Cities and towns in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Ostróda County Populated places established in the 1300s 14th-century establishments in Poland Hidden categories: CS1 maint: archived copy as title CS1 Polish-language sources (pl) CS1 German-language sources (de) Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles containing German-language text Articles with hAudio microformats All articles lacking reliable references Articles lacking reliable references from June 2019 Commons category link is on Wikidata Articles with Polish-language sources (pl) Coordinates on Wikidata Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers Navigation menu Personal tools Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Namespaces Article Talk Variants Views Read Edit View history More Search Navigation Main page Contents Current events Random article About Wikipedia Contact us Donate Contribute Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file Tools What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item Print/export Download as PDF Printable version In other projects Wikimedia Commons Languages العربية Беларуская Cebuano Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara Français Jawa Latviešu Lietuvių Македонски Bahasa Melayu Nederlands Polski Português Română Русский Slovenčina Српски / srpski Svenska Українська Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 16 December 2020, at 00:05 (UTC). 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