id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-352620-a0tt0ldm	Lawler, Dennis	Pathology of Gray Wolf Shoulders: Lessons in Species and Aging	2016-07-30		.txt	text/plain	4401	258	41	However, aged wolves' life spans far exceeded those of similar‐sized domestic dogs and breeds, suggesting the possibility of an important species difference that should be explored. By comparison, many studies of shoulder diseases of domestic dogs have focused on imaging modalities, osteochondroses (Olsson, 1982) , and a variety of congenital or acquired problems involving tendon, ligament, muscle, joint capsule, and nerve structures that surround the joint (Sumner-Smith, 1993) . The comparative observation raises the question of whether an "aging threshold" exists in the gray wolf, as lifetime data appear to suggest for the domestic dog . Thus, the accumulated data suggest that cartilage degradation and its associated progressive histological inflammatory process are responsible for the aligned articular bone features that we observed in the gray wolves. When interpreting archaeological canid dry bone specimens, it is useful to retain this mental view of the overall process of degenerative joint disease, as observed in the domestic dog.	./cache/cord-352620-a0tt0ldm.txt	./txt/cord-352620-a0tt0ldm.txt