Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 45 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4853 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 53 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Bangladesh 12 COVID-19 6 covid-19 4 SARS 3 case 3 Nipah 2 patient 2 outbreak 2 depression 2 H5N1 2 CoV-2 2 April 1 wage 1 vulnerability 1 virus 1 trainee 1 surveillance 1 surface 1 study 1 student 1 stress 1 sleep 1 scenario 1 sap 1 respiratory 1 refugee 1 poor 1 people 1 pandemic 1 mental 1 mean 1 lockdown 1 issue 1 increase 1 household 1 healthcare 1 fear 1 factor 1 face 1 dps 1 disturbance 1 disease 1 daily 1 cost 1 child 1 calf 1 bat 1 backyard 1 avian 1 anxiety Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 1425 % 1078 case 940 study 677 virus 639 disease 627 health 570 infection 517 country 486 risk 472 patient 465 outbreak 428 number 407 factor 367 transmission 367 people 345 bat 339 model 330 population 329 lockdown 326 hospital 320 time 313 datum 312 poultry 309 analysis 305 pandemic 299 community 298 area 293 household 286 level 280 day 270 group 259 depression 259 backyard 258 surveillance 255 year 250 age 246 influenza 231 student 225 knowledge 219 p 216 respondent 216 healthcare 214 system 214 rate 210 child 207 death 203 anxiety 201 niv 198 control 194 survey Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 1376 Bangladesh 689 COVID-19 488 al 393 . 391 et 184 SARS 182 Health 168 China 162 Nipah 146 India 142 April 124 CoV-2 120 Table 117 Dhaka 98 Fig 97 March 95 United 92 CI 88 MARV 86 World 86 NiV 82 RNA 78 ILI 77 May 75 M. 74 Organization 74 Africa 73 Asia 72 EU 71 Disease 70 Rohingya 68 SIR 67 H5N1 65 Coronavirus 60 Pakistan 60 June 59 Malaysia 58 West 57 South 54 States 54 COPD 52 PCR 50 International 48 Virus 47 Wuhan 43 Research 43 January 43 Europe 42 C 41 sha Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 744 we 572 it 222 they 93 them 54 i 32 he 27 us 22 themselves 14 you 10 she 8 itself 3 one 3 him 2 me 1 toie 1 s 1 herself 1 her Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 6747 be 1476 have 615 use 407 report 355 base 327 include 320 find 296 increase 289 do 269 identify 262 show 229 consider 227 detect 217 associate 202 provide 193 estimate 186 compare 178 develop 169 confirm 163 infect 158 suggest 158 make 154 reduce 154 conduct 146 observe 146 follow 142 relate 141 take 136 affect 119 need 119 collect 116 assess 105 predict 95 live 92 regard 90 test 89 select 89 occur 87 require 87 give 87 cause 86 lead 86 know 81 indicate 81 control 80 prevent 80 help 77 emerge 75 present 74 obtain Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 659 not 546 high 449 also 406 more 385 other 339 covid-19 315 such 299 - 275 low 262 daily 246 only 238 however 236 most 221 social 208 respiratory 203 public 200 mental 198 significant 198 human 192 positive 190 different 177 severe 176 well 164 infectious 159 economic 148 total 143 first 132 rural 131 online 130 many 130 further 124 infected 121 likely 120 urban 120 similar 120 due 115 available 114 as 113 large 113 avian 109 global 108 early 106 possible 106 important 104 respectively 102 bangladeshi 101 non 100 poor 99 local 98 viral Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 93 high 86 most 33 low 33 Most 17 least 16 good 15 large 10 bad 7 near 5 close 5 big 4 late 3 poor 3 great 3 common 2 tough 2 strong 2 small 2 dense 1 steep 1 simple 1 randomfor 1 postharv 1 old 1 new 1 long 1 fine 1 fast 1 eld 1 easy 1 dirty 1 cool 1 cheap 1 COVID-19 Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 150 most 43 least 3 worst 1 youngest 1 well 1 lowest 1 highest 1 hard Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 42 doi.org 2 www.who.int 2 www.gisaid.org 2 www.dhakatribune.com 2 iedcr.gov.bd 2 corona.gov.bd 1 wwwnc.cdc.gov 1 www.worldometers.info 1 www.sutd.edu 1 www.stata.com 1 www.iedcr.gov.bd 1 www.genomedetective.com 1 www.frontiersin.org 1 www 1 tinyurl.com 1 povertydata.worldbank.org 1 ghdx 1 coronavirus.jhu.edu 1 bmd.gov.bd 1 bdfactcheck.com Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 8 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.11.20229526 8 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.03.20186957 8 http://doi.org/10.1101 6 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.17.20133611 3 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.30.20165100 3 http://doi.org/10 2 http://iedcr.gov.bd/ 2 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.19.20071415 1 http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/26/9/19-1029-App2.pdf 1 http://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ 1 http://www.who.int/publications/i/item/covid-19-strategy-update---14april-2020 1 http://www.who.int/bulletin/online_first/ 1 http://www.sutd.edu 1 http://www.stata.com 1 http://www.iedcr.gov.bd 1 http://www.gisaid.org/epiflu-applications/covsurver-app/ 1 http://www.gisaid.org 1 http://www.genomedetective.com/app/typingtool/cov/ 1 http://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh 1 http://www.dhakatribune.com/health/coronavirus/2020/06/07/covid-19-bangladeshrecords-highest-42-deaths-in-a-day-cases-cross-65-000-mark 1 http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2020/06/09/covid-19-record-45-deaths-and-3171-fresh-cases-in-a-day 1 http://www 1 http://tinyurl.com/ 1 http://povertydata.worldbank.org/poverty/home/ 1 http://ghdx 1 http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199579.g005 1 http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199579.g004 1 http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199579.g002 1 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.16.20068312 1 http://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html 1 http://corona.gov.bd/?gclid 1 http://corona.gov.bd 1 http://bmd.gov.bd 1 http://bdfactcheck.com Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 sukanta@icddrb.org 1 sukanta.icddrb@yahoo.com Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 covid-19 confirmed cases 7 study did not 4 lockdown related information 3 % had mild 3 bangladesh did not 3 infection is not 3 model was statistically 3 people do not 3 transmission is not 3 virus was controllable 2 % did not 2 % reported chronic 2 % were healthcare 2 % were married 2 % were students 2 bangladesh are highly 2 bangladesh has already 2 bangladesh has only 2 bangladesh is not 2 bangladesh reported similar 2 bangladesh was capable 2 bats do not 2 cases are still 2 covid-19 is not 2 covid-19 is still 2 covid-19 was controllable 2 covid-19 was more 2 covid-19 was pertinent 2 data are available 2 disease was controllable 2 factors included elderly 2 hospitals were first 2 hospitals were largely 2 infections were frequently 2 model based forecasting 2 model is about 2 pandemic is still 2 patient were not 2 patients were male 2 patients were more 2 people need intensive 2 risk was higher 2 studies had similar 2 studies have also 2 studies have successfully 2 study are due 2 study is similar 2 study reported similarities 2 virus was also 2 virus was first Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 study found no significant 1 % had no alcohol 1 % had no soap 1 % were not sure 1 analyses were not available 1 bangladesh has no exceptional 1 bangladesh is not quite 1 bangladesh is not sufficient 1 bats are not widespread 1 countries are not heavily 1 country are not similar 1 covid-19 is not identical 1 hospital showed no significant 1 hospitals were not necessarily 1 infection is not available 1 infection is not uncommon 1 infections are not uncommon 1 pandemic is not easy 1 risks are not uncommon 1 study found no gender 1 study has not yet 1 time was not conceivable 1 transmission is not as 1 transmission is not clear 1 virus is no longer 1 virus were not evident 1 viruses do not currently A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-324856-hf969tav author = Abir, Tanvir title = Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys date = 2020-07-21 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; Cov-2; SARS summary = title: Factors Associated with the Perception of Risk and Knowledge of Contracting the SARS-Cov-2 among Adults in Bangladesh: Analysis of Online Surveys Since the sheer illness of the whole country is sufficient to destroy the health care system, this current study is to examine changes of individual perception of risk for contracting SARS-Cov-2, and the awareness level in Bangladesh during the early and late lockdowns implemented by the government of Bangladesh. In this study, males who were worried about contracting SARS-Cov-2 were more likely to perceive themselves as being at high risk of contracting the infection, as well as those who did not quarantine themselves or only did so at the request of the public health officers. Moreover, in India, it was found that a higher level of knowledge on COVID-19 was associated with the high-risk perception of contracting the infection during the consistent lockdown period [28] . doi = 10.3390/ijerph17145252 id = cord-313603-y8p9bmph author = Akter, Shahina title = Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Three SARS-CoV-2 Strains from Bangladesh date = 2020-09-24 keywords = Bangladesh; SARS summary = title: Coding-Complete Genome Sequences of Three SARS-CoV-2 Strains from Bangladesh We report the sequencing of three severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes from Bangladesh. We have identified a unique mutation (NSP2_V480I) in one of the sequenced genomes (isolate hCoV-19/Bangladesh/BCSIR-NILMRC-006/2020) compared to the sequences available in the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database. After generating a FASTA file from the FASTQ files using the DRAGEN software, it was found that the complete genome sequences of the Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 strains (BCSIR_ NILMRC_006, BCSIR_NILMRC_007, and BCSIR_NILMRC_008) have linear RNAs of 29,892 bp, 29,823 bp, and 29,758 bp, respectively, with an average GC content of 39%. The sequences of these SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Bangladesh were submitted to the GISAID database (accession no. We extend special thanks to Architect Yeafesh Osman, Honorable Minister of Science and Technology. Anwar Hossain, Senior Secretary, Ministry of Science and Technology. doi = 10.1128/mra.00764-20 id = cord-286543-mtjk59rp author = Al-Zaman, Md. Sayeed title = Healthcare Crisis in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-08-20 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19 summary = This article also identifies three responsible issues for the country''s deteriorating health care: 1) poor governance and increased corruption, 2) inadequate healthcare facilities, and 3) weak public health communication. As one of the world''s most densely populated countries (1,115 people/km 2 ) with 21.8% of people living below the poverty line, 2 Bangladesh has a healthcare system that lacks reliability, responsiveness, and empathy, and that has already been proved inadequate to deliver proper health care to the public on many occasions. 3, 5 Amid such a situation, the COVID-19 pandemic reveals many loopholes in the healthcare system that can be summarized under three themes: 1) poor governance and increased corruption, 2) inadequate healthcare facilities, and 3) weak public health communication. 6 In such a situation, many private medicals around the country were either unwilling or abstained from treating COVID-19 patients, and thus healthcare denial intensified. doi = 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0826 id = cord-325109-zi1qm589 author = Ara, Tasnim title = Identifying the Associated Risk Factors of Sleep Disturbance During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Survey date = 2020-09-17 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; disturbance; sleep summary = title: Identifying the Associated Risk Factors of Sleep Disturbance During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Survey The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with sleep disturbance which has developed as a general impact of COVID-19 and new normal life during the lockdown (a measure to control the spread of COVID19) in Bangladesh. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with sleep disturbance which has developed as a general impact of COVID-19 and new normal life during the lockdown (a measure to control the spread of COVID19) in Bangladesh. This information includes whether they are following the social distancing rule; whether they or their family members, relatives, friends, or neighbors got infected by COVID-19; whether they are working from home/doing online classes; whether they have to go to the workplace during the lockdown; whether any of the family members including respondent have lost their job; exercise status, whether food consumption dominates the new normal life during the lockdown, daily internet usage, perception regarding the risk of getting infected by COVID-19, anxiety, sleeping schedule, etc. doi = 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580268 id = cord-325226-8zrtjuwf author = Biswas, Raaj Kishore title = Underreporting COVID-19: the curious case of the Indian subcontinent date = 2020-09-11 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; ISC summary = In the meantime, academic studies started making inferences on the COVID-19 response effectiveness through comparing the disease prevalence and fatality rates between higher and lower income nations in order to investigate the curious case of low COVID-19 infection rates among the LMICs. Conducting research on LMICs with limited data could often lead to erroneous findings and biased interpretations, which is becoming a concern with the avalanche of studies published daily. India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are among the worst 20 countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of total number of cases; however, they are ranked 138, 139 and 147, respectively, in tests per million population, as of 18 June 2020 [1] . This lack of testing capabilities during the early days accompanied by the limited protective gears for health personnel and low implementation capacity related to the response of such pandemics could have concealed the true rate of infection and disease spread in the LMICs of the ISC. doi = 10.1017/s0950268820002095 id = cord-321098-j3glby40 author = Bodrud-Doza, Md. title = Psychosocial and Socio-Economic Crisis in Bangladesh Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perception-Based Assessment date = 2020-06-26 keywords = Bangladesh; covid-19; healthcare; issue; mean; outbreak summary = Background: The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the partial lockdown, the disease intensity, weak governance in the healthcare system, insufficient medical facilities, unawareness, and the sharing of misinformation in the mass media has led to people experiencing fear and anxiety. To understand the possible psychosocial, socio-economic, and environmental impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh, we considered and identified several relevant and possible items based on the socio-economic situation, political analysis, the existing healthcare system, environmental analysis, possible emerging issues utilized from scenario developments, analysis of local and global reports of the COVID-19 pandemic from the print and electronic media, and a literature review. The socioeconomic issues (SEI 10) and immediate emerging issues (IEI2) have a statistically significant positive impact (p < 0.01), e.g., obstruction to the formal education system, and the potentiality of a huge number of people becoming infected may contribute to the fear development of the COVID-19 outbreak in this country. doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00341 id = cord-003062-qm8kalyt author = Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi title = The association between temperature, rainfall and humidity with common climate-sensitive infectious diseases in Bangladesh date = 2018-06-21 keywords = Bangladesh; Climate; disease; study summary = This observational study examined the association of temperature, humidity and rainfall with six common climate-sensitive infectious diseases in adults (malaria, diarrheal disease, enteric fever, encephalitis, pneumonia and bacterial meningitis) in northeastern Bangladesh. Unfortunately, very few studies on the relationship between various environmental variables and trends of infectious disease incidence have been performed so far in Bangladesh, although there are reports of some infections increasing sporadically in different regions of the country [17] [18] [19] . This study examined six infectious diseases based on clinical syndromes and laboratory support (malaria, enteric fever, encephalitis, diarrheal disease, pneumonia and meningitis) to offer a broader scope on the trend of these infectious diseases and their possible relation to climate change in Bangladesh. W.H.O reported dengue, viral encephalitis, diarrheal disease, enteric fever, pneumonia and meningitis as most sensitive to climate factors, and predicted a huge rise of cases in tropical countries [25] . doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0199579 id = cord-312417-li41ng7v author = Chowdhury, Moyukh title = Rural community perceptions of antibiotic access and understanding of antimicrobial resistance: qualitative evidence from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in Matlab, Bangladesh date = 2020-10-12 keywords = ABACUS; AMR; Bangladesh; Matlab; antibiotic summary = title: Rural community perceptions of antibiotic access and understanding of antimicrobial resistance: qualitative evidence from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in Matlab, Bangladesh OBJECTIVE: To explore factors and practices around access and use of antibiotics and understanding of antimicrobial resistance in rural communities in Bangladesh from a socio-cultural perspective. METHODS: This qualitative study comprises the second phase of the multi-country ABACUS (Antibiotic Access and Use) project in Matlab, Bangladesh. Multi-sectoral action is needed to confront the underlying social, economic, cultural and political drivers that impact on the access and use of antibiotic medicines in Bangladesh. The objective of this study is to explore factors and practices around access and use of antibiotics and understanding of antimicrobial resistance in rural communities in Bangladesh from a socio-cultural perspective. This study found that people in rural communities in Matlab were either not informed or knew little about appropriate access and use of antibiotic medicines. doi = 10.1080/16549716.2020.1824383 id = cord-346068-489qq5pp author = Chowdhury, Sukanta title = Association of Biosecurity and Hygiene Practices with Environmental Contamination with Influenza A Viruses in Live Bird Markets, Bangladesh date = 2020-09-17 keywords = Bangladesh; H5N1 summary = Bangladesh has a large number of LBMs in urban areas in which multiple poultry species from backyard and commercial farms are housed together for sale; several studies detected highly pathogenic and low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in LBM poultry and the environment (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) . Bird Markets, Bangladesh temporary or permanent LBM closure, banning overnight poultry storage, and mandatory rest day(s), as well as daily cleaning of surfaces to reduce environmental contamination (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) . For example, biosecurity and hygiene practices, including weekly rest days, depopulation, and cleaning with disinfectant, reduced the risk for AIV detection in poultry and environmental specimens in China (28) . Bangladesh should consider investing in poultry shop infrastructure improvements and biosecurity practices, particularly in city areas, to better control environmental contamination with AIVs. In China, poultry trading networks linked with LBMs were strongly associated with a higher prevalence of H7N9 virus among poultry and risk for H7N9 transmission to humans (36) . doi = 10.3201/eid2609.191029 id = cord-254254-14xtxmpg author = Dhillon, Jasmine title = Controlling Nipah virus encephalitis in Bangladesh: Policy options date = 2015-04-30 keywords = Bangladesh; Nipah; dps summary = First identified and isolated in the village of Sungai Nipah, Malaysia in 1999 during a severe disease outbreak in humans and pigs, NiV was initially diagnosed as a Hendra-like virus and named ''Nipah''. Preliminary studies show the local population, including health professionals, in Bangladesh are generally misinformed about the transmission and spread of the Nipah virus; 9 they remain unaware of the signs of infection and methods of protecting themselves and family members. Surveillance of hospital staff biweekly or monthly during the outbreak season (November-May) will help monitor the potential nosocomial spread of the disease and will also assess the human-to-human transmission potential of the evolving Nipah virus. This option may not completely eliminate the disease as it targets only one form of virus transmission (bats-to-humans), but may help prevent the index cases in future sporadic outbreaks. A randomized controlled trial of interventions to impede date palm sap contamination by bats to prevent Nipah virus transmission in Bangladesh doi = 10.1057/jphp.2015.13 id = cord-284830-vaikav9m author = Ferdous, M. Z. title = Universal Health Coverage and COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bangladesh Perspective date = 2020-11-13 keywords = Bangladesh; UHC summary = Background: Like many other countries around the world, Bangladesh adopts Universal Health Coverage (UHC) as a national aspiration. Results: This short description highlights that the current pandemic COVID-19 holds lessons that health systems and economies in several countries like Bangladesh are not in enough preparation to tackle a massive public health crisis. Most of the time patients have to pay all cost related to health service from their pocket which leads to poor people become poorer and even rich are also facing hardship with is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint It is made available under a perpetuity.is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprintThe copyright holder for this this version posted November 13, 2020. doi = 10.1101/2020.11.11.20229526 id = cord-297786-jz1d1m2e author = Hasan, Md. Mahbub title = Global and Local Mutations in Bangladeshi SARS-CoV-2 Genomes date = 2020-08-26 keywords = Bangladesh; CoV-2; SARS summary = Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) warrants comprehensive investigations of publicly available Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genomes to gain new insight about their epidemiology, mutations and pathogenesis. In this study, we compared 207 of SARS-CoV-2 genomes reported from different parts of Bangladesh and their comparison with 467 globally reported sequences to understand the origin of viruses, possible patterns of mutations, availability of unique mutations, and their apparent impact on pathogenicity of the virus in victims of Bangladeshi population. Then, we studied the variants present in different isolates of Bangladesh to investigate the pattern of mutations, identify UMs, and discuss the pseudo-effect of these mutations on the structure and function of encoded proteins, with their role in pathogenicity. To understand the SARS-CoV-2 viral transmission in Bangladesh, we performed phylogenetic analysis on the selected 207 viral genomes reported from different districts of Bangladesh along with selected 467 globally submitted sequences as reported from 42 countries and 6 continents ( Figure 1 ). doi = 10.1101/2020.08.25.267658 id = cord-282303-idh7io9v author = Hassan, Md. Zakiul title = Contamination of hospital surfaces with respiratory pathogens in Bangladesh date = 2019-10-28 keywords = Bangladesh; respiratory; surface summary = With limited infection control practices in overcrowded Bangladeshi hospitals, surfaces may play an important role in the transmission of respiratory pathogens in hospital wards and pose a serious risk of infection for patients, health care workers, caregivers and visitors. With limited infection control practices in overcrowded Bangladeshi hospitals, surfaces may play an important role in the transmission of respiratory pathogens in hospital wards and pose a serious risk of infection for patients, health care workers, caregivers and visitors. Respiratory viral and bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, rhinoviruses and novel coronavirus strains, can survive on hospital surfaces for days, weeks or even months. This study identified that hospital surfaces in these Bangladeshi hospitals, were frequently contaminated with respiratory pathogens and pose a potential threat for fomite-borne transmission of respiratory infections to patients, healthcare workers and family caregivers. doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0224065 id = cord-254250-l0v602x9 author = Hooper, Chantelle title = A Novel RNA Virus, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Golda Virus (MrGV), Linked to Mass Mortalities of the Larval Giant Freshwater Prawn in Bangladesh date = 2020-10-02 keywords = Bangladesh; Macrobrachium; PCR; RNA summary = title: A Novel RNA Virus, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Golda Virus (MrGV), Linked to Mass Mortalities of the Larval Giant Freshwater Prawn in Bangladesh De novo virus assembly revealed a 29 kb single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with similarities in key protein motif sequences to yellow head virus (YHV), an RNA virus that causes mass mortalities in marine shrimp aquaculture, and other viruses in the Nidovirales order. rnaSPAdes assembly of combined libraries produced 38,826 contigs; 23 contigs, of average length 4560 bp, had similarity in protein sequence to YHV or gill-associated virus (GAV), but when the trimmed reads were aligned against the YHV genome (accession number GCA_003972805.1), no alignment was seen. rosenbergii were negative: MrNV and XSV, the causative agents of white tail disease [9, 10] ; MrTV, a virus associated with mass larval mortalities in China [15] , Spiroplasma eriocheiris [8] , and WSSV-shown to be able to infect M. doi = 10.3390/v12101120 id = cord-352672-gjo29e21 author = Hoque, E. title = Adjusted Dynamics of COVID-19 Pandemic due to Herd Immunity in Bangladesh date = 2020-09-05 keywords = Bangladesh; covid-19 summary = . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.03.20186957 doi: medRxiv preprint number of susceptible populations as well as case fatalities rate to achieve the herd immunity in Bangladesh. In the Table 1 , we present the age distribution of the population in Bangladesh (collected from Socioeconomic Data and Application Center, or SEDAC) along with the confirmed positive cases and deaths for each of those age groups (collected from Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, or IEDCR). Therefore, if 30% of the total working population in Bangladesh get affected by COVID-19 to achieve herd immunity, we estimate that a total number of positive cases would be approximately 17.7 million. To estimate the dynamics of the COVID-19 cases, such as confirmed, recoverd, and death cases, in case of herd immunity, we have used the Unscented Kalman Filter The age group based population distribution, along with gender, in Bangladesh has been used to estimate the initial susceptible population for SIRD model. doi = 10.1101/2020.09.03.20186957 id = cord-316805-6rshrecb author = Hossain, M. A. title = Knowledge, Attitudes, and Fear of COVID-19 during the Rapid Rise Period in Bangladesh date = 2020-06-18 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; June summary = Objectives: To determine the level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) related to COVID-19 preventive health habits and perception of Fear towards COVID-19 in subjects living in Bangladesh. The study objectives were to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice related to COVID-19 preventive health habits and underlying fear towards COVID 19 in the Bangladeshi population and how they are affected by socio-demographics factors. This study is similar to one study in China that found a significant relationships between knowledge and age and knowledge and educational level, with males reporting higher levels of knowledge than females regarding COVID-19 symptoms, precautions and health advisory practices (Zhong et al., 2020) . However, in our study, subjects living in Bangladesh reported similar knowledge for both males and females regarding COVID-19 symptoms, precautions and advisory health practices. doi = 10.1101/2020.06.17.20133611 id = cord-296550-wkmnfph3 author = Hossain, Mohammad Anwar title = Knowledge, attitudes, and fear of COVID-19 during the Rapid Rise Period in Bangladesh date = 2020-09-24 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; fear summary = The study aims to determine the level of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) related to COVID-19 preventive health habits and perception of fear towards COVID-19 in subjects living in Bangladesh. The study objectives were to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 preventive health habits and the underlying fear of COVID-19 in the Bangladeshi population and how they are affected by socio-demographic factors. The KAP section of the questionnaire related to a total of 12 score knowledge questions on COVID-19, categorical answers to attitudes towards the control of the pandemic, and practices of wearing masks and avoiding public gatherings. This study is similar to one study in China that found a significant relationship between knowledge and age and knowledge and educational level, with males reporting higher levels of knowledge than females regarding COVID-19 symptoms, precautions, and health advisory practices [16] . However, in our study, subjects living in Bangladesh reported similar knowledge for both males and females regarding COVID-19 symptoms, precautions, and health advisory practices. doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0239646 id = cord-330395-2qoyrqmj author = Huq, Samin title = COVID-19 in Bangladesh: Data deficiency to delayed decision date = 2020-04-15 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19 summary = The decisions of cluster-wise lockdown or social distancing, or even preparing the health system to respond to the pandemic are made without the availability of adequate data. Although scarcity of test kits and lack of awareness from the general public certainly contributed to the crisis, Bangladesh is one of the few countries which had more than two months to prepare for COVID-19 crisis. The crisis has already started in the form of limited availability of disinfectants and personal protective equipment in the health care facilities. The recent surge of daily testing has managed to uncover more cases and traces of transmission at the community level. Additionally, it can lead to a surge on heightened risk of exposure due to minimized health response priorities, efforts and initiatives -such as contact tracing and testing in the rural areas and considering their movement to the urban areas. doi = 10.7189/jogh.10.010342 id = cord-276177-hhmd8ilk author = Islam, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul title = Are meteorological factors enhancing COVID-19 transmission in Bangladesh? Novel findings from a compound Poisson generalized linear modeling approach date = 2020-10-28 keywords = Bangladesh; covid-19 summary = Since there is a close association between other viral infection cases by epidemics and environmental factors, this study intends to unveil meteorological effects on the outbreak of COVID-19 across eight divisions of Bangladesh from March to April 2020. Thus, the objectives of the current study were to investigate the effects of meteorological factors on COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths in Bangladesh using compound Poisson generalized linear modeling (CPGLM), a unique approach across the eight divisions of Bangladesh along with the Monte-Carlo method and random forest (RF) model. We employed the compound Poisson generalized linear model (CPGLMs) for exploring the relationship between daily meteorological variables (TDN, MT, NHR, MRH, AH, and rainfall), and daily confirmed cases from COVID-19 across Bangladesh from March 8 to April 30, 2020. Many studies have reported that temperature and relative humidity are the most contributing climatic variables influencing COVID-19 cases in other countries Shi et al. doi = 10.1007/s11356-020-11273-2 id = cord-345655-fb4vv4my author = Islam, M. Z. title = Risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 28th day of the disease course: a retrospective cohort study in Bangladesh date = 2020-10-29 keywords = Bangladesh; covid-19; patient summary = title: Risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 28th day of the disease course: a retrospective cohort study in Bangladesh We conducted this retrospective cohort study with a cohort of 1016 COVID-19 patients diagnosed in May 2020 to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes. A study conducted on outcomes of the COVID-19 patients found that non-survivors were more often older and men, and they had a higher prevalence of DM, hyperlipidemia and CHDs. The history of current tobacco uses and having COPD was more among the non-survivors [11] . Based on these realities, in this particular study, we aimed to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients. We conducted this single centred retrospective cohort study to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 28th day of the disease course. doi = 10.1017/s0950268820002630 id = cord-252795-x66zqmgv author = Islam, Md. Akhtarul title = Depression and anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional survey date = 2020-08-26 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; student summary = title: Depression and anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional survey Following the detection of first COVID-19 case on March 8, 2020 [6] , Bangladesh like many other countries put the lockdown strategy into effect on March 26, 2020 , to ensure ''social distance'' through ''home quarantine'' to curb the ''spread'' among its population [7] [8] [9] , since a precise treatment or vaccine for the infected and people at risk are yet to achieved by the global health community [10, 11] . The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is creating a psycho-emotional chaotic situation as countries have been reporting a sharp rise of mental health problems, including anxiety, depression, stress, sleep disorder as well as fear, among its citizens [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] , that eventually increased the substance use [15] and sometimes suicidal behavior [20] [21] [22] . Researchers in China observed that the greater exposure to ''misinformation'' through social media are more likely contributing to the development of anxiety, depression, and other mental health problems among its population of different socioeconomic background [23] [24] [25] [26] . doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0238162 id = cord-306124-sn780ike author = Jakariya, Md. title = Assessing climate-induced agricultural vulnerable coastal communities of Bangladesh using machine learning techniques date = 2020-06-16 keywords = Bangladesh; factor; vulnerability summary = The study also identified the need for assessing vulnerability after certain intervals, specifically owing to the dynamic nature of the coastal region where the factors were found to vary among the different study areas. An effort was made to find the crop yield vulnerability of the farmers of the three coastal districts of Bangladesh by identifying the significant factors that have increased effects on the vulnerability score by Machine Learning models. The factors related to three different variables of vulnerability, e.g., exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, were identified through focus group discussions (FGD) with the local farmers in each village. Across the coastal region of Bangladesh, the climatic conditions were amongst the factors with the highest weights, which illustrate their importance to assess vulnerability levels. Table 3 shows the state of crop yield vulnerability of the three coastal regions of Bangladesh, which is reflected in the vulnerability scores of different villages in the study area. doi = 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140255 id = cord-032887-ctet5mun author = Mamun, Mohammed A. title = Depression literacy and awareness programs among Bangladeshi students: An online survey date = 2020-09-21 keywords = Bangladesh; depression summary = CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study suggest that depression literacy was low in the population studied and the findings here will help to facilitate mental health literacy awareness programs in the context of Bangladeshi students as well as those outside the country. There was no significant gender difference on overall D-Lit scale score as well as other subscales, except for biological symptoms (i.e., Findings also indicated that students studying in health-related disciplines had higher depression literacy levels compared to students studying non-health-related disciplines. Similar findings were reported in a very recent study of Bangladesh, where there was no difference in depression literacy scores between those students who suffered from mental issues (i.e., depression and anxiety) and those who did not . doi = 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04901 id = cord-303442-5fjb6iz8 author = Morshed, M. S. title = Clinical manifestations of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19) attending at hospitals in Bangladesh date = 2020-08-01 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19 summary = title: Clinical manifestations of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID19) attending at hospitals in Bangladesh Bangladesh is in the rising phase of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This is the first study aimed to report the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 in Bangladesh. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients attending the fever clinic of a dedicated COVID-19 Hospital (Kurmitola general hospital) in Dhaka city of Bangladesh and two Upazila health complexes from different districts (Jessore and Jhenaidah) from 5 July to 18 July 2020. This study aimed to determine the clinical characteristics of RT-PCR confirmed patients with COVID-19 attending fever clinics of government hospitals in Bangladesh. The most prevalent symptoms of non-critical COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh consist of fever (78.6%), fatigue (68%), and cough (44.7%). doi = 10.1101/2020.07.30.20165100 id = cord-341880-wxliz485 author = Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul title = COVID-19 induced economic loss and ensuring food security for vulnerable groups: Policy implications from Bangladesh date = 2020-10-16 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; daily; wage summary = This study examines the food security and welfare impacts of the COVID-19 induced lockdown on daily wage workers both in the farm and nonfarm sectors in Bangladesh. Then, applying simple econometric estimation processes, this study estimates the minimum compensation packages for the daily wage-based farm and nonfarm households of Bangladesh that ensure their minimum food security during the lockdown. The estimation suggests a common minimum support at US $ 1 per daily wage-based household in Bangladesh to ensure minimum food security during COVID-19 induced lockdown time. Using information of more than 50,000 respondents from the HIES 2016-17 dataset, this study, firstly quantified the economic loss due to the COVID-19 induced lockdown and suggested the minimum support package to ensure food security of the daily wage-based workers in Bangladesh. doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0240709 id = cord-002586-gilnlwms author = Nahar, Nazmun title = A large-scale behavior change intervention to prevent Nipah transmission in Bangladesh: components and costs date = 2017-06-26 keywords = Bangladesh; cost; sap summary = METHODS: We implemented a behavior change communication intervention in two districts, testing different approaches to reduce the risk of NiV transmission using community mobilization, interpersonal communication, posters and TV public service announcements on local television during the 2012–2014 sap harvesting seasons. Based on previous pilot studies on interrupting bats access to sap [8] [9] [10] , and on the Government of Bangladesh''s recommendation to abstain from drinking raw sap, we developed and implemented a behavior change communication intervention using two different approaches to reduce the risk of NiV transmission. The objective of our paper is to describe and calculate the cost of an already implemented behavior change communication intervention, and estimate the cost of scaling it up to districts where NiV spillover was identified in Bangladesh, using risk-based scenarios. To implement an "only safe sap" intervention with community meetings, gachhi training, poster and the TV public service announcement in the six districts with 48% of all spillover would cost $715,000. doi = 10.1186/s13104-017-2549-1 id = cord-253542-twn07poq author = Nikolay, Birgit title = Evaluating Hospital-Based Surveillance for Outbreak Detection in Bangladesh: Analysis of Healthcare Utilization Data date = 2017-01-17 keywords = Bangladesh; case; surveillance summary = METHODS AND FINDINGS: We propose a framework to evaluate the sensitivity and representativeness of hospital-based surveillance and apply it to severe neurological infectious diseases and fatal respiratory infectious diseases in Bangladesh. We estimated the probability of surveillance detecting different sized outbreaks by distance from the surveillance hospital and compared characteristics of cases identified in the community and cases attending surveillance hospitals. We estimated the probability of surveillance detecting different sized outbreaks by distance from the surveillance hospital and compared characteristics of cases identified in the community and cases attending surveillance hospitals. We quantified case detection probabilities by distance from a surveillance hospital using log-binomial regression analysis separately for severe neurological and fatal respiratory disease cases. We described an analytic approach for evaluating the sensitivity and representativeness of hospital-based surveillance systems and applied it to surveillance for severe neurological diseases and fatal respiratory infectious diseases in Bangladesh. doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002218 id = cord-276254-q04hqra2 author = Paul, Kishor Kumar title = Comparing insights from clinic-based versus community-based outbreak investigations: a case study of chikungunya in Bangladesh date = 2020-06-02 keywords = Bangladesh; case; outbreak summary = title: Comparing insights from clinic-based versus community-based outbreak investigations: a case study of chikungunya in Bangladesh In this context, community-based investigations may provide additional insight into key risk factors for infection, however, the benefits of these more laborious data collection strategies remains unclear. (Khatun et al., 2015 , Salje et al., 2016b Here we use the results from a detailed investigation of an outbreak of chikungunya virus in a village in Tangail, Bangladesh where the outbreak team visited every household in the community and interviewed all members in each household. This investigation suggests that chikungunya virus has become an emerging public health problem in Bangladesh, and outbreak investigations of emerging infections often have the objective of estimating attack rates of diseases and identifying the risk factors that lead to infection. doi = 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.111 id = cord-305682-b232ra0j author = Rahaman Khan, Md Hasinur title = COVID-19 Outbreak Situations in Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis date = 2020-04-22 keywords = April; Bangladesh; covid-19 summary = This paper aims at analysing primarily the current situations of Bangladesh and predicting infections and deaths for moderated term intervals by a proposed projection technique called Infection Trajectory-Pathway Strategy (ITPS) and for short term intervals prediction for total infections, deaths along with total number of severe patients and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients by polynomial regression modeling approach. . https://doi.org/10.1101 measure the risk of infectious disease and predict the risk of COVID-19 transmission using Bangladesh data along with other four countries-United States, Australia, Canada and China. Neither of the three research works dealt with the analysis of current COVID-19 situations in Bangladesh and to make direct projections for incidence, deaths, hospital ICU beds, number of severe patients etc that are the main goals of this paper. Our projection believes that total infected people and deaths in the Bangladesh will be more than 5700 and almost 350 respectively by the end of April, while the number of severe and ICU patients will be 775 and 695 respectively. doi = 10.1101/2020.04.16.20068312 id = cord-311256-o3ig9sde author = Rahman, Md Mostafizur title = Biomedical waste amid COVID-19: perspectives from Bangladesh date = 2020-08-13 keywords = Bangladesh summary = The average medical waste generation rate is 1·63-1·99 kg per bed per day in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. 3 In April 2020, at least 14 500 tonnes of waste from health care was generated across the country because of COVID-19, 4 which has undoubtedly increased due to the increasing infection rate. Also, on average, 206 tonnes of medical waste are produced because of COVID-19 per day in Dhaka alone. In Bangladesh, despite the introduction of the Medical Waste Management and Processing Rules in 2008, no safe system has yet been developed to manage the health-care waste generated daily in hospitals, clinics, and households. Additionally, household waste (eg, tissues, masks, gloves) puts waste management workers at increased health risk. Failing to tackle the huge surge in medical waste amid COVID-19 is likely to put Bangladesh at further environmental and public health risk. doi = 10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30349-1 id = cord-319435-le2eifv8 author = Rahman, Mohammad Mahmudur title = Impact of control strategies on COVID-19 pandemic and the SIR model based forecasting in Bangladesh. date = 2020-04-23 keywords = April; Bangladesh; SIR summary = To estimate the impact of social distancing we assumed eight different scenarios, the predicted results confirmed the positive impact of this type of control strategies suggesting that by strict social distancing and lockdown, COVID-19 infection can be under control and then the infection cases will steadily decrease down to zero. In this study, we attempt to estimate the final epidemic size of COVID-19 using the classic compartmental susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model [9] . The SIR model presents the increase of decrease information of an outbreak based on some initial data i.e. total given population (N), the infection rate of the infectious disease (β), the recovery rate of the disease (Ɣ), initial susceptible population (S0), initial infected population (I0) and the initial recovered population (R0). The SIR model base prediction of infection curve was compared with the confirmed cases ( Figure 02 ). doi = 10.1101/2020.04.19.20071415 id = cord-351083-3oy7zuy9 author = Rashid, Sabina Faiz title = Towards a socially just model: balancing hunger and response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh date = 2020-06-01 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19; poor summary = ► Responsive and timely research is needed to better understand the challenges faced by poor and vulnerable populations to inform immediate interventions and policies to address this unprecedented COVID-19 modern-day pandemic. ► In the context of COVID-19, the lockdown model is being imported from a different context (western or developed economies) with stronger economic bases and better social safety nets for those in need, but is there a better way forward for low resource contexts? While there is no easy solution or strategy, for Bangladesh and its high proportion of vulnerable populations, continuation of the shutdown has to be accompanied with strong political resolve to ensure that people do not go without food BMJ Global Health and have basic health information and support, given the grounded realities of their lives. doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002715 id = cord-349219-tl97bj42 author = Rayhan Arusha, Anowara title = Prevalence of Stress, Anxiety and Depression due to Examination in Bangladeshi Youths: A Pilot Study date = 2020-07-18 keywords = Bangladesh; anxiety; depression; stress summary = Several contributing factors of stress, anxiety, and depression among students were identified in literature including sex, strained relationships, family and peer pressure, high parental expectation, lack of financial support and hardships, sleep deprivation, future worries, loneliness, longer screen time, toxic psychological environment, academic pressure, workload, size of the academic curriculum, and heavy test schedules (Brenneisen Mayer et al., 2016; Abdel Wahed and Hassan, 2017; Saeed et al., 2018; Silva and Figueiredo-Braga, 2018; ul Haq et al., 2018; Mamun and Griffiths, 2019) . To contribute to that gap, the present study investigated the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among Bangladeshi students and their associated risk factors with respect to socio-demographics and lifestyle measures. The objective of the study was to identify factors that affect the mental health of students due to examinations, particularly the socio-demographic and psychological factors using a survey conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh in 2020. doi = 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105254 id = cord-255574-gqekw0si author = Samanta, Indranil title = Chapter 14 Biosecurity Strategies for Backyard Poultry: A Controlled Way for Safe Food Production date = 2018-12-31 keywords = Bangladesh; H5N1; HPAI; India; United; West; avian; backyard summary = The source of microbial infection (Salmonella, Escherichia coli) and their dissemination through the eggs in backyard flocks kept in different agroclimatic zones of West Bengal, a major egg producing state in India, was identified. In developing countries, the backyard poultry sector mostly suffers from two infectious diseases, such as Avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) due to lack of biosecurity and proper vaccination (Alexander, 2001) . Avian influenza virus (AIV) infection is reported from poultry and wild birds in Asia, Africa, and Europe (OIE, 2013). In Italy, eight HPAI outbreaks in backyard poultry flocks infected with H5N2 virus were reported in 1997-98 (Alexander, 2000) , while chickens raised for recreational purposes in the urban localities in the Netherlands acted as major risk factors for a HPAI outbreak in 2003 (Slingenbergh et al., 2004) . Risk for infection with highly pathogenic Avian influenza virus (H5N1) in backyard chickens in Bangladesh doi = 10.1016/b978-0-12-811445-2.00014-3 id = cord-347375-5ucemm87 author = Sazzad, Hossain M.S. title = Nipah Virus Infection Outbreak with Nosocomial and Corpse-to-Human Transmission, Bangladesh date = 2013-02-17 keywords = Bangladesh; case; patient summary = In Bangladesh, 135 probable or confirmed cases of Nipah virus (NiV) infection in humans were identified from 2001 through 2008; 98 (73%) were fatal (1) . To detect outbreaks of NiV infection, the surveillance system identifies sporadic NiV cases during January-March and clusters of encephalitis patients throughout the year. To assess asymptomatic NiV infection in the outbreak community, we asked community members who had close physical contact or had shared date palm sap from the same pot with probable or confirmed case-patients within the preceding month, to provide a blood specimen for serologic testing. We shipped an aliquot of serum, cerebrospinal fluid, throat swab specimens, and urine from patients with probable and confirmed cases of NiV infection and from those with IgM against NiV to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA, for confirmatory testing. doi = 10.3201/eid1902.120971 id = cord-337329-a9l8e5z6 author = Selim, S. A. title = Rotavirus infection in calves in Bangladesh date = 1991 keywords = Bangladesh; calf summary = Faecal samples from 434 calves under 1 year of age (307 diarrhoeal and 127 normal) were collected from three dairy farms and one village in selected areas of Bangladesh. More than 80% of rotavirus-positive samples from diarrhoeic calves exhibited a titre of 128 or more (geometric mean 345±4.5), whereas non-diarrhoeal calves had titres less than or equal to 128 (geometric mean=29±1.9), suggesting that rotavirus infection in calves in Bangladesh was mostly associated with diarrhoea. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of rotavirus infection in selected dairy farms and in conventionally reared village calves in Bangladesh, and to study the prevalence of rotavirus in diarrhoeic and age matched non-diarrhoeic calves. The study, however, suggests that the rotavirus infection in young calves also exists in different locations of the country outside the Dhaka region and is the first report of the existence of the virus in high concentration in association with diarrhoea in young dairy calves in that country. doi = 10.1007/bf00430039 id = cord-306227-63qvvkvk author = Shammi, Mashura title = Strategic assessment of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: comparative lockdown scenario analysis, public perception, and management for sustainability date = 2020-07-18 keywords = Bangladesh; covid-19; increase; lockdown; pandemic; people; scenario summary = This article, therefore, focuses on the public perception of comparative lockdown scenario analysis and how they may affect the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the strategic management regime of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh socio-economically as well as the implications of the withdrawal of partial lockdown plan. First of all, the government should come up with a comprehensive strategic plan accompanied by non-governmental and social organizations and law enforcement to analyse the spread of the virus, identifying the most vulnerable hosts, properly tracked the movement of general people, precise estimation of economic losses from different financial and industrial sectors, educational diminutions and professional and informal employment disruption to picture an integrated scenario of the current situation and future predictions by which the revival of the negative aspects of the country could be managed. doi = 10.1007/s10668-020-00867-y id = cord-254636-3lr008th author = Shishir, Tushar Ahmed title = In silico comparative genomics of SARS-CoV-2 to determine the source and diversity of the pathogen in Bangladesh date = 2020-08-16 keywords = Bangladesh; CoV-2; SARS summary = We conducted comparative analysis of publicly available whole-genome sequences of 64 SARS-CoV-2 isolates in Bangladesh and 371 isolates from another 27 countries to predict possible transmission routes of COVID19 to Bangladesh and genomic variations among the viruses. Compared to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 sequence reported from China, the isolates in Bangladesh had a total of 180 mutations in the coding region of the genome, and 110 of these were missense. We conducted comparative analysis of publicly available genome sequences of SARS-CoV-2 from 27 countries to predict the origin of viruses in Bangladesh by studying a time-4 resolved phylogenetic relationship. Later, we analyzed the variants present in different isolates of Bangladesh to understand the pattern of mutations in relation to the ancestral Wuhan strain, find unique mutations, and possible effect of these mutations on the stability of encoded proteins, and selection pressure on genes. doi = 10.1101/2020.07.20.212563 id = cord-283756-ycjzitlk author = Simons, Robin R. L. title = Potential for Introduction of Bat-Borne Zoonotic Viruses into the EU: A Review date = 2014-05-16 keywords = Africa; Bangladesh; MARV; Nipah; bat; virus summary = Bat-borne viruses can pose a serious threat to human health, with examples including Nipah virus (NiV) in Bangladesh and Malaysia, and Marburg virus (MARV) in Africa. In assessing the risks of introduction of these bat-borne zoonotic viruses to the EU, it is important to consider the location and range of bat species known to be susceptible to infection, together with the virus prevalence, seasonality of viral pulses, duration of infection and titre of virus in different bat tissues. Bats are known to have varying degrees of contact with domestic animals and commercial food crops [20, 21] , in particular contact of Pteropus giganteus bats with date palm sap producing trees in Bangladesh is considered a risk factor for human NiV infection [22] . It can be seen that while recent human infections of both NiV and MARV appear to be limited in geographical range (the red areas in Figure 2 ), there are a number of countries where bats have been identified as having the virus, but no human infection has been reported. doi = 10.3390/v6052084 id = cord-148145-qg5623s7 author = Singh, Bikash Chandra title = COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak in the Subcontinent: A data-driven analysis date = 2020-08-22 keywords = Bangladesh; COVID-19 summary = More specifically, we use various models (for example, susceptible infection recovery (SIR), exponential growth (EG), sequential Bayesian (SB), maximum likelihood (ML) and time dependent (TD)) to estimate the reproduction numbers and observe the model fitness in the corresponding data set. Since the governments of different countries have responded to the COVID-19 pandemic seriously, it is important that the researchers estimate: (i) the pandemic regionally based on the basic reproduction number, (ii) the arrival of the peak time, and forecast the time course of the epidemic by analyzing the data on the total number of infected cases, (iii) the total number of confirmed cases, (iv) the total number of deaths, and (v) the total number of cases recovered, etc. In this study, we use SIR, EG, SB, ML and TD models to analyze data to determine the reproduction number and pre-dict the epidemic trend of COVID-19 in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. doi = nan id = cord-283061-qr8xynn2 author = Uzzaman, Md. Nazim title = Continuing professional education for general practitioners on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: feasibility of a blended learning approach in Bangladesh date = 2020-09-28 keywords = Bangladesh; COPD; face; trainee summary = Using chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as an exemplar, we aimed to assess the feasibility of blended learning (combination of face-to-face and online) for GPs, and explore trainees'' and trainers'' perspectives towards the blended learning approach. We trained 49 GPs in two groups via blended (n = 25) and traditional face-to-face approach (n = 24) and assessed their post-course knowledge and skills. Provision of postgraduate training in Family Medicine is increasing in Asia Pacific, but rarely uses innovative online learning [1] that could enhance access to continuing medical education (CME) essential for building and maintaining a high-quality primary care workforce [2] . Quantitative data measured pre-post self-assessment of adherence to COPD guidelines and qualitative focus groups and interviews explored trainee and trainers'' perspectives of the blended learning. The total training hours was 40 h in both blended and traditional learning approaches and the courses contained the same content: components aimed at enhancing COPD knowledge (16 h) and skills (24 h). doi = 10.1186/s12875-020-01270-2 id = cord-307674-4fb5xnil author = Weaver, Anne M. title = Household‐level risk factors for secondary influenza‐like illness in a rural area of Bangladesh date = 2017-01-05 keywords = Bangladesh; ILI; household summary = It is, therefore, important to identify and address modifiable factors associated with secondary ILI, defined as ILI in another household compound member after the first patient has been identified, at the household level in Bangladesh and other highburden, low-income settings in order to design interventions to reduce transmission. We examined the following household-level characteristics as potential risk factors for secondary ILI: crowding, building materials of homes, exposure to indoor air pollution, presence of handwashing materials, water source, latrine quality and sharing, education of the household respondent and household wealth status. We assessed indicators of exposure to indoor air pollution, such as frequency of index-case patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) identified at hospitals, health complexes, pharmacies, tested for influenza (N = 377) Household compound members of index-case patients recruited, baseline questionnaire given (N = 3159) Smoking in the home and use of shared latrines are associated with an increased risk of secondary influenza-like illness in households in this study. doi = 10.1111/tmi.12820 id = cord-310677-begnpodw author = Yeasmin, Sabina title = Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study date = 2020-07-29 keywords = Bangladesh; child; mental summary = This study aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of children aged<15 years during the lockdown in Bangladesh. K-means clustering used to group children according to mental health score and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) performed to identify the relationship among the parental behavior and child mental health, and also these associations were assessed through chi-square test. The chi-square test was used to measure the association of socio-demographic variables, parental behavior towards children, and child mental health scores among the cluster. In this study, children''s mental health (depression, anxiety, and sleeping disorder) scores were classified into four groups: sub-threshold, mild, moderate, and severe disturbance. doi = 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105277 id = cord-283169-v1ly657m author = Zaman, Shamrita title = Disaster risk reduction in conflict contexts: Lessons learned from the lived experiences of Rohingya refugees in Cox''s bazar, Bangladesh date = 2020-06-01 keywords = Bangladesh; CBD; Myanmar; Rakhine; Rohingya; refugee summary = Guaranteed distribution of shelter strengthening kits among all refugee households, inclusion of disaster risk awareness and preparedness trainings, ensuring safe and dignified return in Myanmar, and global and regional cooperation to address the refugee crisis are some of the propositions recommended in this study for improving Rohingyas'' future adaptation strategies in a humanitarian context. A survey conducted by UNHCR in 16 countries suggested that out of 3.2 million refugees, 200,000 were affected and 100,000 were displaced by disasters associated with natural hazards during 2013 and 2014 owing to living in vulnerable camp settings [10] . In this context, the paper aims is to assess refugees'' adopted strategies to cope with the shifting risks (i.e., the type of risks associated with natural hazards that has changed over time with the change of location) and also, the level of organisational involvement in implementing disaster resilience interventions in the camps. doi = 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101694 id = cord-340939-ikomc19t author = van Doremalen, Neeltje title = A single-dose ChAdOx1-vectored vaccine provides complete protection against Nipah Bangladesh and Malaysia in Syrian golden hamsters date = 2019-06-06 keywords = Bangladesh; Fig; Malaysia; Nipah; animal summary = title: A single-dose ChAdOx1-vectored vaccine provides complete protection against Nipah Bangladesh and Malaysia in Syrian golden hamsters Prime-only as well as prime-boost vaccination resulted in uniform protection against a lethal challenge with NiV Bangladesh: all animals survived challenge and we were unable to find infectious virus either in oral swabs, lung or brain tissue. All vaccinated animals challenged with NiV Malaysia survived with no signs of disease such as weight loss at any stage throughout the experiment. An adeno-associated virus vaccine expressing NiV G protein offered 50% protection against a lethal challenge with HeV in hamsters [46] . Furthermore, infectious virus could only be detected in the lungs of control animals and not in the lungs of vaccinated animals, and thus as in previous studies, ChAdOx1 NiV Belicited antibodies are able to provide protection against a lethal challenge with NiV. doi = 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007462