id sid tid token lemma pos cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 1 key key NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 2 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 3 cord-022561-rv5j1201 cord-022561-rv5j1201 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 4 authors author NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 5 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 6 Boes Boes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 8 Katie Katie NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 9 M. M. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 11 Durham Durham NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 13 Amy Amy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 14 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 15 title title NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 16 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 17 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 18 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 20 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 21 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 25 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 26 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 27 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 28 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 29 date date NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 30 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 31 2017 2017 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 32 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 33 02 02 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 34 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 35 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 36 journal journal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 37 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 38 Pathologic Pathologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 39 Basis Basis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 41 Veterinary Veterinary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 42 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 43 DOI DOI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1 44 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 1 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 3 b978 b978 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 5 0 0 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 7 323 323 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 9 35775 35775 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 11 3.00013 3.00013 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 12 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 13 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 14 sha sha NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2 15 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 3 1 ac35d77f6055a6a310af0c67ac4fba2f3950bab9 ac35d77f6055a6a310af0c67ac4fba2f3950bab9 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 3 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 3 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 4 1 22561 22561 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 5 1 cord_uid cord_uid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 5 2 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 6 1 rv5j1201 rv5j1201 NFP cord-022561-rv5j1201 6 2 nan nan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 4 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 7 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 9 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 12 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 13 matrix matrix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 14 provides provide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 15 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 17 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 18 support support NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 20 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 7 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 2 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 4 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 6 adipocytes adipocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 8 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 9 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 11 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 12 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 13 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 8 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 2 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 3 provides provide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 4 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 5 support support NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 7 producing produce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 9 fine fine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 10 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 13 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 15 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 17 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 18 reticulin reticulin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 21 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 22 extending extend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 23 long long JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 24 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 25 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 26 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 27 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 28 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 30 structures structure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 9 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 1 Both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 2 reticulin reticulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 4 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 5 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 8 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 9 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 11 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 12 microscopy microscopy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 15 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 17 silver silver JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 18 reticulin reticulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 19 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 21 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 23 Gordon Gordon NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 25 Sweet Sweet NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 26 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 28 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 29 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 30 periodic periodic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 31 acid acid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 32 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 33 Schiff Schiff NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 10 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 1 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 4 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 5 vascularized vascularized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 6 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 7 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 9 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 10 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 11 drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 11 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 1 Marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 3 long long JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 4 bones bone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 5 receives receive VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 6 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 10 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 13 nutrient nutrient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 14 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 17 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 19 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 20 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 22 nutrient nutrient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 23 canal canal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 24 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 25 midshaft midshaft NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 12 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 2 remaining remain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 3 arterial arterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 4 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 5 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 8 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 9 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 10 anastomosing anastomosing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 11 array array NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 13 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 14 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 15 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 18 periosteal periosteal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 19 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 21 penetrate penetrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 23 cortical cortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 24 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 13 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 1 Vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 4 nutrient nutrient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 6 periosteal periosteal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 7 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 8 converge converge VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 10 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 12 interweaving interweave VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 13 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 15 venous venous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 16 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 17 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 18 permeates permeate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 20 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 14 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 2 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 3 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 4 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 5 deliver deliver VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 6 nutrients nutrient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 8 remove remove VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 9 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 10 waste waste NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 11 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 12 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 13 act act VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 16 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 17 point point NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 19 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 21 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 23 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 15 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 1 Sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 4 function function VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 7 barrier barrier NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 9 regulate regulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 10 traffic traffic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 12 chemicals chemical NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 14 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 15 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 17 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 19 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 20 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 16 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 17 1 Venous venous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 17 2 drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 17 3 parallels parallel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 1 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 4 nutrient nutrient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 5 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 8 extensions extension NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 18 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 19 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 1 Bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 4 template template NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 5 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 6 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 8 buccal buccal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 9 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 10 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 11 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 20 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 2 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 3 assesses assess VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 4 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 5 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 7 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 8 plug plug NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 9 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 12 measuring measure VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 14 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 15 interval interval NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 16 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 17 inflicting inflicting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 19 standardized standardized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 20 wound wound NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 22 cessation cessation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 24 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 21 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 22 1 Sedation sedation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 22 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 22 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 22 4 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 22 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 2 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 5 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 7 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 8 performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 11 buccal buccal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 12 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 13 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 15 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 19 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 20 performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 21 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 23 distal distal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 24 limb limb NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 23 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 1 Prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 2 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 3 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 6 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 9 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 10 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 11 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 13 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 14 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 15 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 20 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 24 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 2 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 5 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 7 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 8 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 9 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 10 intervals interval NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 12 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 14 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 17 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 18 perform perform VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 19 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 22 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 23 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 26 control control NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 25 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 2 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 4 contraindicated contraindicate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 6 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 8 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 9 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 10 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 11 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 12 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 13 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 15 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 16 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 17 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 19 invalidates invalidate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 20 interpretation interpretation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 22 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 23 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 26 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 27 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 28 1 Clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 28 2 retraction retraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 28 3 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 28 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 2 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 3 assesses assess VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 4 retraction retraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 7 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 11 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 12 play play VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 14 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 15 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 29 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 4 crude crude JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 5 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 8 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 9 performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 30 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 31 1 Different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 31 2 protocols protocol NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 31 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 31 4 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 31 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 1 Significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 2 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 3 invalidates invalidate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 4 interpretation interpretation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 6 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 7 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 32 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 33 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 1 Tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 2 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 3 characterize characterize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 4 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 5 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 6 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 7 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 8 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 10 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 11 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 12 specialized specialize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 13 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 34 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 35 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 1 Aggregometry Aggregometry NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 2 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 4 assess assess VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 5 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 6 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 8 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 10 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 11 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 12 agonists agonist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 36 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 37 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 38 1 Adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 38 2 assays- assays- NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 1 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 2 assess assess VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 4 ability ability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 6 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 8 adhere adhere VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 11 substrate substrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 15 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 39 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 40 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 1 Flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 2 cytometry cytometry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 5 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 7 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 9 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 10 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 41 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 42 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 1 PFA-100-an pfa-100-an JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 2 instrument instrument NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 3 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 4 simulates simulate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 6 damaged damage VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 8 vessel vessel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 11 measuring measure VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 12 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 15 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 16 plug plug NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 18 occlude occlude VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 19 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 20 aperture aperture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 21 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 23 date date NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 25 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 26 instrument instrument NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 27 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 28 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 29 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 30 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 32 research research NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 33 applications application NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 43 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 44 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 1 Thromboelastography Thromboelastography NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 3 TEG)-global teg)-global NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 4 assessment assessment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 6 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 8 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 10 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 13 fibrinolysis fibrinolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 15 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 17 viscoelastic viscoelastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 18 analysis analysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 20 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 45 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 46 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 1 Tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 2 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 3 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 5 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 6 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 8 IMT IMT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 47 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 48 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 49 1 Flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 49 2 cytometry- cytometry- NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 1 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 2 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 3 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 4 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 7 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 8 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 10 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 12 fluorescent fluorescent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 14 labeled label VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 15 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 50 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 2 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 4 immunofluorescent immunofluorescent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 5 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 7 IFA IFA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 9 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 10 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 12 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 13 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 14 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 51 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 1 Sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 2 referred refer VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 6 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 7 antimegakaryocyte antimegakaryocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 8 antibody antibody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 9 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 11 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 12 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 13 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 14 actually actually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 15 detects detect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 17 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 19 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 20 nonspecifically nonspecifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 21 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 23 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 27 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 28 aspirate aspirate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 29 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 30 incubated incubate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 31 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 32 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 33 fluorescent fluorescent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 34 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 35 labeled label VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 36 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 37 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 38 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 39 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 40 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 41 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 52 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 2 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 7 myelinated myelinated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 9 nonmyelinated nonmyelinated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 10 nerves nerve NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 12 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 13 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 15 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 16 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 18 resident resident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 19 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 21 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 24 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 25 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 53 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 2 note note NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 5 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 6 play play VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 7 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 8 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 9 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 11 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 12 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 14 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 15 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 54 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 2 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 3 basic basic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 4 concepts concept NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 5 provide provide VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 7 framework framework NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 9 understanding understand VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 11 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 13 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 15 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 16 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 17 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 20 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 55 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 56 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 57 1 Hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 57 2 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 57 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 57 4 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 57 5 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 57 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 1 Billions billion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 4 per per IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 5 kilogram kilogram NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 7 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 8 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 10 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 11 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 12 day day NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 58 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 59 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 1 Pluripotent pluripotent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 2 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 3 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 7 self self NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 9 renewing renew VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 10 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 12 giving give VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 13 rise rise NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 17 committed committed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 18 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 19 programs program NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 23 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 24 ancestors ancestor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 26 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 27 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 28 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 60 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 2 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 4 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 5 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 7 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 61 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 62 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 62 2 -2 -2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 62 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 63 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 1 Hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 3 undergo undergo VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 4 sequential sequential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 5 divisions division NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 8 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 10 so so CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 11 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 13 progressively progressively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 14 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 15 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 20 mature mature VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 64 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 1 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 3 continue continue VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 5 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 6 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 9 stopped stop VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 10 dividing divide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 65 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 1 Conceptually conceptually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 5 helpful helpful JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 7 consider consider VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 11 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 12 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 14 belonging belong VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 16 mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 18 postmitotic postmitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 19 compartments compartment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 66 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 1 Examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 3 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 4 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 7 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 67 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 68 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 69 1 -3 -3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 69 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 70 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 1 Mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 3 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 4 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 7 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 9 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 10 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 11 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 12 spans span NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 14 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 16 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 18 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 22 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 24 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 28 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 30 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 34 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 35 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 37 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 38 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 71 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 72 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 2 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 3 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 5 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 6 exquisite exquisite JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 7 local local JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 9 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 10 control control NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 12 responds respond VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 13 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 15 predictably predictably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 17 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 18 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 73 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 74 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 1 Production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 3 turnover turnover NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 8 balanced balanced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 9 so so IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 10 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 11 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 13 maintained maintain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 15 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 16 ranges range NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 18 steady steady JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 20 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 21 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 24 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 25 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 75 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 76 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 1 Normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 5 releases release VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 6 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 7 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 9 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 12 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 13 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 14 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 16 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 17 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 19 almost almost RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 20 fully fully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 21 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 23 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 25 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 77 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 2 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 4 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 5 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 7 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 8 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 10 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 15 releases release VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 16 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 18 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 20 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 21 back back RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 24 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 25 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 26 pipeline pipeline NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 78 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 79 1 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 2 composition composition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 6 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 8 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 80 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 2 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 3 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 5 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 6 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 7 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 10 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 12 regresses regress VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 15 replaced replace VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 17 nonhematopoietic nonhematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 18 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 20 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 21 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 23 yellow yellow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 81 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 3 newborns newborn NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 5 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 6 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 9 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 10 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 11 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 12 largely largely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 14 hematopoietically hematopoietically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 15 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 16 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 19 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 20 little little JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 21 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 23 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 25 geriatric geriatric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 26 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 29 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 30 largely largely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 32 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 82 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 2 adults adult NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 4 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 6 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 9 pelvis pelvi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 11 sternum sternum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 13 ribs rib NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 15 vertebrae vertebrae NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 19 proximal proximal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 20 ends end NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 22 humeri humerus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 24 femora femur NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 83 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 1 Even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 2 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 4 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 6 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 7 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 9 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 11 constitute constitute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 13 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 14 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 18 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 84 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 1 Immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 2 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 6 divided divide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 7 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 8 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 9 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 10 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 11 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 14 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 18 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 85 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 1 Hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 2 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 5 HSCs HSCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 9 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 11 self self NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 13 renew renew VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 15 differentiate differentiate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 17 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 21 repopulate repopulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 25 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 27 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 28 obliterated obliterate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 86 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 1 Progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 4 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 8 self self NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 10 renew renew VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 11 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 13 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 15 division division NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 17 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 18 evolve evolve VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 20 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 21 differentiated differentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 22 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 87 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 1 Later later JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 3 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 4 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 5 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 7 divide divide VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 88 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 1 Stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 4 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 6 require require VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 7 immunochemical immunochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 8 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 9 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 10 identification identification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 13 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 16 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 17 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 20 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 21 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 22 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 24 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 89 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 90 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 90 2 -3 -3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 90 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 90 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 1 Control Control NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 3 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 5 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 8 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 9 redundancies redundancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 11 feedback feedback NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 15 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 16 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 17 overlap overlap VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 19 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 20 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 22 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 23 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 91 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 2 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 3 influence influence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 6 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 7 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 9 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 11 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 92 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 2 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 3 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 5 primitive primitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 8 interleukin interleukin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 10 IL IL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 12 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 14 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 16 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 20 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 21 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 22 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 24 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 26 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 28 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 30 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 32 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 33 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 36 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 93 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 1 Interleukin Interleukin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 2 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 5 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 7 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 8 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 94 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 1 Lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 3 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 4 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 5 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 7 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 10 corresponding corresponding JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 11 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 95 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 1 Hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 5 interstitium interstitium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 6 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 8 venous venous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 9 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 12 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 14 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 15 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 16 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 96 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 4 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 5 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 6 interplay interplay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 7 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 8 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 12 supporting support VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 13 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 17 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 18 matrix matrix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 21 soluble soluble JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 22 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 24 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 25 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 27 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 28 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 97 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 1 Behavior behavior NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 3 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 6 influenced influence VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 8 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 15 cellmatrix cellmatrix VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 16 interactions interaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 19 soluble soluble JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 20 mediators mediator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 22 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 24 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 26 hormones hormone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 27 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 28 interact interact VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 29 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 30 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 32 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 33 matrix matrix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 34 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 98 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 1 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 2 localize localize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 4 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 5 niches niche NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 8 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 9 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 10 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 11 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 12 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 14 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 16 integrins integrin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 18 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 20 lectins lectin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 23 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 24 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 26 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 27 recognize recognize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 28 ligands ligand NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 29 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 30 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 31 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 32 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 33 matrix matrix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 34 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 99 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 1 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 3 express express VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 4 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 6 soluble soluble JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 7 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 8 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 10 chemokines chemokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 12 chemoattractant chemoattractant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 13 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 16 hormones hormone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 17 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 18 influence influence VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 20 trafficking trafficking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 22 metabolism metabolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 100 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 3 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 5 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 6 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 8 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 101 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 3 acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 4 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 6 diet diet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 9 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 12 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 13 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 14 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 16 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 17 transport transport NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 18 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 20 transferrin transferrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 102 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 1 Central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 2 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 3 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 4 store store NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 5 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 7 ferritin ferritin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 9 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 12 transfer transfer VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 14 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 16 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 17 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 19 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 20 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 103 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 1 Hemosiderin Hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 3 identifiable identifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 5 routinely routinely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 6 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 8 preparations preparation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 11 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 12 brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 13 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 104 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 3 Perls Perls NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 4 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 5 Prussian prussian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 6 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 7 stain stain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 9 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 10 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 12 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 14 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 15 detection detection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 105 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 2 earliest early JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 3 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 4 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 5 identifiable identifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 7 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 8 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 9 microscopy microscopy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 12 rubriblast rubriblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 15 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 16 maturational maturational JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 17 division division NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 18 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 19 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 20 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 22 32 32 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 23 progeny progeny NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 106 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 1 Late late JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 3 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 4 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 5 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 7 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 9 metarubricytes metarubricyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 11 extrude extrude VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 13 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 15 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 16 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 17 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 19 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 20 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 107 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 2 stimulus stimulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 4 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 5 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 6 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 8 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 108 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 6 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 7 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 8 surround surround VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 10 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 11 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 13 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 14 niches niche NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 16 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 17 erythroblastic erythroblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 18 islands island NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 109 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 2 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 3 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 9 nurse nurse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 12 anchors anchor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 14 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 15 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 17 island island NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 18 niche niche NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 20 regulates regulate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 21 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 22 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 24 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 26 transfers transfer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 27 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 28 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 30 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 31 progenitors progenitor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 32 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 33 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 34 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 37 phagocytizes phagocytizes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 38 extruded extrude VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 39 metarubricyte metarubricyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 40 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 110 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 2 erythroblastic erythroblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 3 islands island NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 4 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 5 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 9 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 11 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 12 differentiated differentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 13 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 15 neighbor neighbor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 16 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 18 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 19 nonadjacent nonadjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 20 islands island NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 21 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 22 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 23 undifferentiated undifferentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 24 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 111 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 2 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 4 mature mature VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 7 rubriblast rubriblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 10 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 11 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 14 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 15 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 16 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 18 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 19 condensed condensed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 112 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 2 nucleus nucleus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 4 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 5 extruded extrude VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 7 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 9 polychromatophil polychromatophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 113 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 1 Erythroid Erythroid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 4 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 5 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 6 basophilic basophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 8 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 9 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 11 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 12 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 14 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 17 RNA rna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 19 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 20 organelles organelle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 22 lost lose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 23 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 24 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 114 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 2 Hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 3 stains stain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 4 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 8 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 9 basophilic basophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 11 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 12 Romanowsky Romanowsky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 13 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 14 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 115 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 2 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 4 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 6 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 8 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 11 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 13 mature mature VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 16 myeloblast myeloblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 19 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 20 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 23 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 24 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 25 dense dense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 27 segmented segmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 116 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 1 Granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 2 acquire acquire VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 4 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 6 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 7 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 8 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 10 myelocyte myelocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 11 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 15 morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 16 differentiated differentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 17 starting start VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 18 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 19 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 20 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 117 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 1 Neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 2 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 3 neutral neutral RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 5 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 6 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 7 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 9 eosinophil eosinophil JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 10 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 11 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 12 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 14 affinity affinity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 16 acidic acidic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 18 eosin eosin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 19 dyes dye NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 22 basophil basophil NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 23 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 24 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 25 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 26 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 27 affinity affinity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 28 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 29 basic basic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 30 dyes dye NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 118 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 1 Monoblasts monoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 2 differentiate differentiate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 3 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 4 promonocytes promonocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 6 ruffled ruffled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 7 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 8 boarders boarder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 10 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 11 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 12 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 119 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 3 mammals mammal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 5 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 9 biconcave biconcave NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 10 disk disk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 11 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 13 called call VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 15 discocyte discocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 120 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 6 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 8 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 11 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 12 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 14 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 121 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 4 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 5 concavity concavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 9 microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 10 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 12 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 14 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 16 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 122 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 1 Camelids Camelids NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 2 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 4 oval oval JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 7 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 8 ovalocytes ovalocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 10 elliptocytes elliptocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 13 facilitate facilitate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 14 better well JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 15 gas gas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 16 exchange exchange NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 17 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 18 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 19 altitudes altitude NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 123 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 4 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 7 prone prone JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 9 in in FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 10 vitro vitro FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 11 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 12 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 15 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 17 cervids cervid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 19 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 22 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 23 goat goat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 24 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 26 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 28 Angora Angora NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 124 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 1 Erythrocyte Erythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 2 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 3 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 4 health health NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 5 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 8 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 10 breed breed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 13 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 16 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 125 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 4 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 5 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 7 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 8 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 10 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 12 Akitas Akitas NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 14 Shibas Shibas NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 17 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 19 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 21 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 22 poodles poodle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 24 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 126 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 1 Akitas Akitas NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 3 Shibas Shibas NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 7 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 8 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 10 potassium potassium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 12 unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 15 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 16 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 127 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 1 Juvenile juvenile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 4 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 5 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 7 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 10 persistence persistence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 12 fetal fetal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 17 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 20 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 22 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 23 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 25 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 26 reaching reach VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 27 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 28 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 29 intervals interval NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 128 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 1 Mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 2 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 3 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 4 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 5 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 7 organelles organelle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 10 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 11 incapable incapable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 13 transcription transcription NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 15 translation translation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 18 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 19 metabolism metabolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 129 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 4 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 5 require require VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 6 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 8 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 9 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 11 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 12 maintenance maintenance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 14 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 16 deformability deformability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 18 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 19 transport transport NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 22 prevention prevention NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 24 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 25 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 130 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 1 Red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 4 generate generate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 5 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 6 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 7 entirely entirely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 8 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 9 glycolysis glycolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 12 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 15 Embden Embden NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 17 Meyerhof Meyerhof NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 18 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 131 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 1 Except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 3 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 5 glucose glucose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 6 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 7 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 11 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 12 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 13 insulin insulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 15 independent independent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 17 integral integral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 18 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 19 glucose glucose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 20 transporter transporter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 132 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 2 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 4 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 5 mean mean VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 6 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 7 span span NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 8 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 9 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 10 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 13 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 15 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 16 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 18 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 19 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 20 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 21 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 22 150 150 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 23 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 25 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 27 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 29 100 100 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 30 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 32 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 35 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 36 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 38 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 133 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 3 reach reach VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 5 end end NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 8 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 9 span span NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 13 destroyed destroy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 16 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 17 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 18 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 134 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 1 Hemolysis Hemolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 3 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 4 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 8 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 9 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 13 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 14 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 16 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 17 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 135 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 2 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 3 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 6 release release VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 8 contents content NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 10 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 11 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 13 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 14 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 136 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 3 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 4 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 5 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 7 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 8 phagocytize phagocytize NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 9 entire entire JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 10 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 12 leaving leave VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 13 little little JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 15 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 16 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 19 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 137 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 1 Normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 2 turnover turnover NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 6 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 8 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 9 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 12 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 17 lesser less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 18 extent extent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 20 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 21 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 22 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 25 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 27 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 138 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 2 exact exact JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 3 controls control NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 6 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 9 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 11 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 12 play play VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 14 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 16 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 17 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 18 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 20 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 21 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 139 22 • • XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 1 Exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 3 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 4 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 5 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 6 sequestered sequester VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 9 inner inner JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 10 leaflet leaflet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 13 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 14 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 16 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 17 phosphatidylserine phosphatidylserine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 140 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 1 reticulocytes reticulocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 4 subsequently subsequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 5 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 141 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 3 transit transit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 4 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 6 rubriblast rubriblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 8 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 9 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 11 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 12 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 13 week week NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 142 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 1 Reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 2 start start VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 3 maturing mature VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 9 finish finish VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 11 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 15 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 17 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 143 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 1 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 4 exception exception NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 8 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 9 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 10 release release VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 11 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 13 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 15 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 17 situations situation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 19 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 20 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 144 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 2 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 3 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 5 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 6 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 7 organelles organelle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 9 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 10 still still RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 11 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 12 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 14 mitochondria mitochondrion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 16 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 18 support support VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 19 completion completion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 21 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 22 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 145 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 2 remaining remain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 3 organelles organelle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 4 impart impart VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 6 bluish bluish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 8 purple purple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 9 cast cast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 11 polychromasia polychromasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 14 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 16 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 18 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 19 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 146 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 2 resultant resultant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 5 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 6 polychromatophils polychromatophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 147 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 2 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 3 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 4 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 6 exhibit exhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 7 polychromasia polychromasia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 9 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 10 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 11 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 12 techniques technique NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 13 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 15 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 17 accurate accurate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 18 reticulocyte reticulocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 19 quantification quantification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 148 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 4 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 6 incubated incubate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 8 new new JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 9 methylene methylene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 10 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 11 stain stain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 14 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 15 ' ' POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 16 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 18 precipitates precipitate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 20 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 21 irregular irregular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 23 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 24 aggregates aggregate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 149 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 1 Cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 5 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 6 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 7 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 9 reticulocyte reticulocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 11 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 12 punctate punctate NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 13 reticulocyte reticulocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 17 stippled stipple VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 18 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 19 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 21 new new JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 22 methylene methylene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 23 blue blue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 150 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 1 Punctate Punctate NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 2 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 4 prior prior RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 7 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 9 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 11 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 12 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 13 appear appear VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 14 polychromatophilic polychromatophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 16 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 18 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 19 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 151 21 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 1 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 2 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 4 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 5 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 8 reserve reserve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 10 fully fully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 11 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 12 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 152 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 2 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 5 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 6 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 7 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 9 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 13 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 16 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 18 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 19 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 21 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 153 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 2 homeostasis homeostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 3 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 4 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 5 segmented segmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 6 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 8 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 154 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 2 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 3 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 4 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 5 identifiable identifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 7 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 8 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 11 monoblast monoblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 14 develops develop VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 15 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 16 promonocytes promonocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 18 subsequently subsequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 19 monocytes monocyte VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 25 -3 -3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 155 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 2 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 4 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 5 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 7 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 10 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 11 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 12 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 14 immediately immediately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 15 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 16 venous venous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 17 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 18 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 19 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 156 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 1 After after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 2 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 3 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 5 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 7 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 8 undergo undergo VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 9 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 11 immunophenotypic immunophenotypic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 12 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 13 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 14 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 157 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 3 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 6 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 7 pools pool NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 9 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 10 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 12 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 13 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 16 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 17 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 158 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 1 Circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 4 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 5 flowing flow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 9 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 10 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 13 temporarily temporarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 14 adhered adhere VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 16 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 19 selectins selectin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 159 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 3 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 4 mammals mammal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 5 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 7 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 8 equal equal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 9 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 11 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 14 circulating circulating JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 17 pools pool NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 160 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 5 threefold threefold RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 6 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 7 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 8 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 9 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 11 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 12 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 161 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 1 Only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 3 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 4 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 5 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 7 sampled sample VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 8 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 9 phlebotomy phlebotomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 162 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 2 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 4 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 8 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 11 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 13 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 15 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 22 proportions proportion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 27 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 29 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 30 pools pool NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 34 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 36 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 37 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 39 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 40 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 41 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 163 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 2 fate fate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 4 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 5 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 6 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 7 leave leave VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 9 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 11 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 12 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 14 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 16 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 19 context context NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 21 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 24 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 25 understood understand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 164 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 2 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 3 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 5 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 8 tracts tract NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 10 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 13 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 15 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 16 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 17 lost lose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 18 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 19 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 20 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 21 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 22 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 23 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 25 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 26 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 27 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 28 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 165 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 166 1 Lymphopoiesis Lymphopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 166 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 1 Lymphopoiesis lymphopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 4 lympha lympha NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 6 Latin Latin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 8 water)refers water)refers NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 11 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 13 new new JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 16 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 17 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 20 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 21 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 24 natural natural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 25 killer killer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 27 NK NK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 29 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 167 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 1 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 2 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 3 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 4 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 5 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 8 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 10 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 14 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 15 effectors effector NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 17 humoral humoral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 18 immunity immunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 168 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 3 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 6 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 9 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 10 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 11 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 13 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 15 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 16 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 17 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 169 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 4 terminally terminally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 5 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 6 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 9 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 10 abundant abundant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 11 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 170 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 2 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 4 effectors effector NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 6 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 9 immunity immunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 11 possess possess VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 12 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 13 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 14 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 15 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 16 bind bind VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 17 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 18 prepared prepare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 20 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 22 presenting present VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 171 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 2 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 4 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 5 immunity immunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 7 NK NK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 9 kill kill VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 11 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 13 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 15 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 16 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 19 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 21 prior prior JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 22 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 24 priming priming NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 172 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 1 Main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 2 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 3 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 8 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 9 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 12 NK NK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 13 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 15 IL-4 IL-4 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 17 IL-2 IL-2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 20 IL-15 IL-15 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 22 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 173 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 1 Lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 3 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 5 HSCs hscs NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 8 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 174 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 1 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 2 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 3 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 6 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 7 phases phase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 9 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 12 antigenindependent antigenindependent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 13 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 16 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 19 ileal ileal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 20 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 21 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 22 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 25 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 27 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 28 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 29 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 31 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 34 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 35 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 36 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 37 antigendependent antigendependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 38 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 39 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 40 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 41 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 42 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 44 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 45 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 46 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 48 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 49 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 51 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 52 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 53 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 54 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 55 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 56 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 58 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 59 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 175 61 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 2 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 3 progenitors progenitor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 4 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 7 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 11 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 13 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 14 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 15 undergo undergo VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 16 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 18 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 21 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 22 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 23 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 24 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 27 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 28 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 29 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 30 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 31 effector effector NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 32 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 176 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 2 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 4 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 5 circulate circulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 6 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 9 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 11 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 12 unidirectionally unidirectionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 13 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 14 target target NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 18 travel travel VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 20 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 23 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 24 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 26 continually continually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 27 circulate circulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 28 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 29 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 31 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 34 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 35 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 177 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 1 Also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 3 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 5 nonlymphoid nonlymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 6 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 7 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 10 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 11 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 13 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 16 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 17 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 18 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 19 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 20 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 21 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 23 kinetics kinetics NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 26 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 27 lymphopoiesis lymphopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 28 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 30 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 178 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 2 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 3 nonruminant nonruminant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 4 mammals mammal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 9 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 10 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 11 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 13 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 179 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 1 According accord VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 3 conventional conventional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 4 wisdom wisdom NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 6 • • NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 7 Decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 8 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 9 deformability deformability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 180 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 181 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 1 Binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 3 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 4 G G NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 6 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 8 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 9 complement complement VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 11 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 12 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 182 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 1 Complement complement JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 2 binding binding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 5 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 6 clustering clustering NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 9 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 10 anion anion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 11 exchange exchange NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 12 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 14 band band NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 15 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 183 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 184 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 185 1 Oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 185 2 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 185 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 185 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 185 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 2 degrade degrade VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 3 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 4 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 5 reusable reusable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 6 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 8 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 10 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 12 amino amino JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 13 acids acid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 17 waste waste NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 18 product product NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 19 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 186 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 1 Bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 3 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 4 exported export VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 5 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 6 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 8 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 11 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 14 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 16 albumin albumin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 187 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 2 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 3 conjugates conjugate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 5 subsequently subsequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 6 excretes excrete VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 7 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 9 bile bile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 11 elimination elimination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 14 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 188 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 1 Intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 2 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 3 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 5 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 6 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 7 extremely extremely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 8 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 9 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 189 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 1 Hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 4 tetramer tetramer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 7 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 8 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 11 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 16 splits split VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 17 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 18 dimers dimer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 20 bind bind VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 23 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 24 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 25 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 26 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 190 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 2 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 4 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 5 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 7 taken take VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 8 up up RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 10 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 12 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 191 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 4 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 5 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 7 handling handle VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 8 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 9 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 192 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 3 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 4 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 7 oxidize oxidize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 9 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 10 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 13 dissociates dissociate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 15 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 16 metheme metheme NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 18 globin globin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 193 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 1 Metheme Metheme NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 2 binds bind VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 6 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 7 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 8 hemopexin hemopexin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 12 taken take VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 13 up up RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 15 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 17 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 20 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 21 manner manner NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 23 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 25 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 26 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 194 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 1 Free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 2 heme heme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 5 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 6 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 7 binds bind VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 9 albumin albumin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 15 taken take VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 16 up up RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 19 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 21 converted convert VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 22 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 23 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 195 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 2 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 4 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 6 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 7 decreases decrease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 8 postnatally postnatally NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 10 remains remain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 11 below below IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 13 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 14 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 15 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 17 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 19 rapid rapid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 20 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 21 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 196 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 2 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 3 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 4 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 5 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 6 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 7 begin begin VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 9 increase increase VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 12 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 13 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 15 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 16 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 18 reached reach VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 19 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 20 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 21 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 197 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 4 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 5 values value NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 7 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 8 reached reach VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 9 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 10 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 12 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 13 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 15 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 16 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 18 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 21 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 22 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 23 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 24 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 25 year year NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 27 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 198 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 1 Granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 4 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 6 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 8 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 11 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 13 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 14 monocyte monocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 15 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 17 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 18 monocytopoiesis monocytopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 199 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 1 Granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 3 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 6 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 7 collectively collectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 8 referenced reference VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 10 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 200 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 4 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 5 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 8 prefix prefix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 9 myelo myelo NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 10 - - , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 11 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 13 confusing confusing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 14 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 16 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 18 meanings meaning NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 19 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 21 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 22 reference reference VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 24 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 25 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 27 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 28 nonlymphoid nonlymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 29 hemic hemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 30 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 32 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 34 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 37 megakaryocytes megakaryocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 40 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 41 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 43 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 45 spinal spinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 46 cord cord NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 201 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 2 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 3 purpose purpose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 5 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 7 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 10 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 12 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 15 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 17 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 19 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 20 defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 23 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 24 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 26 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 202 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 6 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 7 immunologic immunologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 8 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 10 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 11 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 13 microbicidal microbicidal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 14 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 16 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 18 monocyte monocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 20 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 21 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 24 parasiticidal parasiticidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 25 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 27 participation participation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 29 allergic allergic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 30 reactions reaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 32 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 34 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 37 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 38 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 40 presentation presentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 42 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 43 cytokine cytokine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 44 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 46 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 203 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 1 Neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 4 predominant predominant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 5 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 6 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 10 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 11 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 12 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 204 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 2 stimulators stimulator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 4 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 6 monocytopoiesis monocytopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 8 granulocyte granulocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 10 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 11 colony colony NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 13 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 14 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 16 IL-1 IL-1 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 18 IL-3 IL-3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 21 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 23 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 25 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 28 granulocyte granulocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 29 colonystimulating colonystimulating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 30 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 32 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 36 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 37 colonystimulating colonystimulating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 38 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 40 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 205 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 2 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 4 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 5 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 7 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 9 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 10 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 15 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 16 contribution contribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 18 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 206 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 2 earliest early JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 3 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 4 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 5 identifiable identifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 7 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 8 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 9 microscopy microscopy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 12 myeloblast myeloblast JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 15 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 16 maturational maturational JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 17 division division NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 18 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 19 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 20 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 22 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 23 16 16 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 24 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 25 32 32 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 26 progeny progeny NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 27 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 29 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 30 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 207 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 208 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 208 2 -3 -3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 208 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 208 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 2 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 3 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 5 conceptually conceptually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 6 divided divide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 7 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 8 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 9 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 11 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 12 divide divide VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 15 myeloblasts myeloblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 17 promyelocytes promyelocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 20 myelocytes myelocytes FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 22 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 23 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 27 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 28 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 29 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 30 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 32 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 33 metamyelocytes metamyelocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 36 band band NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 38 segmented segmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 39 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 41 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 42 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 209 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 3 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 4 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 5 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 8 subpool subpool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 10 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 12 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 13 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 15 adherence adherence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 17 subendothelial subendothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 18 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 210 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 1 Expansion expansion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 4 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 6 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 8 granule granule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 9 contents content NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 11 aided aid VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 14 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 16 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 17 invaginations invagination NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 18 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 21 open open JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 22 canalicular canalicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 23 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 211 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 2 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 5 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 7 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 9 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 12 camelids camelid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 212 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 213 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 214 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 215 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 216 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 1 Mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 7 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 9 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 10 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 11 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 12 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 217 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 1 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 3 ' ' POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 6 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 8 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 9 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 10 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 12 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 14 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 18 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 19 extramarrow extramarrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 20 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 218 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 2 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 6 directed direct VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 7 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 9 disturbances disturbance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 10 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 12 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 14 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 15 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 16 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 18 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 21 fewer few JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 22 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 25 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 28 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 30 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 32 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 33 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 34 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 36 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 219 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 1 Dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 3 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 6 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 9 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 11 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 12 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 13 line line NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 15 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 17 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 18 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 20 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 23 affect affect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 24 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 25 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 27 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 28 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 29 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 30 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 31 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 220 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 3 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 5 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 8 involved involved JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 10 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 12 expected expect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 14 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 16 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 221 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 1 Erythroid Erythroid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 3 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 6 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 7 hypoplasia hypoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 9 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 10 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 11 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 12 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 14 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 17 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 19 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 222 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 1 Bicytopenia Bicytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 3 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 5 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 8 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 10 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 12 lines line NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 14 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 15 pancytopenia pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 16 indicates indicate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 17 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 19 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 21 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 22 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 23 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 24 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 223 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 1 Bicytopenia Bicytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 3 pancytopenia pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 5 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 6 generalized generalized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 12 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 14 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 18 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 20 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 23 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 25 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 27 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 31 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 33 myelitis myelitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 224 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 1 Replacement replacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 3 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 4 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 5 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 7 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 10 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 11 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 13 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 14 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 17 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 20 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 24 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 25 myelophthisis myelophthisis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 225 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 1 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 2 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 4 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 5 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 8 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 9 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 11 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 226 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 3 recent recent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 4 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 6 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 8 no no RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 9 longer long RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 11 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 13 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 14 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 15 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 17 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 19 genetics genetic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 21 husbandry husbandry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 227 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 3 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 5 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 10 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 12 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 228 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 2 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 5 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 6 decreases decrease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 8 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 229 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 230 1 Thrombopoiesis Thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 230 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 231 1 Thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 231 2 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 231 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 231 4 thrombos thrombos NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 2 Gr Gr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 5 clot)refers clot)refers NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 8 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 10 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 14 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 16 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 18 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 19 µm µm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 22 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 24 ovoid ovoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 26 anucleate anucleate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 27 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 28 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 29 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 30 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 232 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 1 Platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 2 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 4 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 5 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 7 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 8 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 11 participate participate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 14 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 16 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 19 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 20 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 23 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 24 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 26 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 233 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 1 Thrombopoietin Thrombopoietin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 3 Tpo Tpo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 7 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 8 regulator regulator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 10 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 234 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 2 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 4 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 5 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 6 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 7 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 8 constantly constantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 9 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 10 Tpo Tpo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 14 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 15 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 17 destroyed destroy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 19 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 22 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 235 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 2 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 3 Tpo Tpo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 4 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 6 inversely inversely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 7 proportional proportional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 9 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 11 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 12 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 13 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 236 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 3 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 4 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 8 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 9 Tpo Tpo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 11 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 14 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 16 subsequently subsequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 17 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 18 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 19 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 20 Tpo Tpo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 22 stimulate stimulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 23 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 237 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 2 earliest early JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 3 morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 4 identifiable identifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 5 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 6 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 9 megakaryoblast megakaryoblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 12 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 13 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 14 reduplications reduplication NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 15 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 17 division division NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 19 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 20 endomitosis endomitosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 22 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 23 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 25 megakaryocyte megakaryocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 27 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 28 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 29 64 64 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 30 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 238 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 3 name name NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 6 megakaryocytes megakaryocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 8 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 9 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 12 much much RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 13 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 14 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 15 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 16 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 17 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 19 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 20 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 239 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 240 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 240 2 -1 -1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 240 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 240 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 1 Megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 2 neighbor neighbor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 3 venous venous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 4 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 6 extend extend VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 8 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 9 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 12 lumens lumen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 15 shed shed VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 16 membranebound membranebound JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 17 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 18 fragments fragment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 20 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 22 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 23 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 24 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 241 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 1 Orderly orderly JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 2 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 3 shedding shedding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 5 partially partially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 6 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 8 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 9 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 10 -tubulin -tubulin SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 11 microtubules microtubule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 12 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 13 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 242 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 1 Platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 2 circulate circulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 5 quiescent quiescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 6 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 8 become become VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 9 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 11 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 12 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 13 agonists agonist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 15 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 16 thrombin thrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 18 adenosine adenosine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 19 diphosphate diphosphate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 21 ADP ADP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 25 thromboxane thromboxane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 243 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 1 Platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 2 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 4 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 5 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 7 granule granule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 8 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 11 relocation relocation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 13 procoagulant procoagulant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 14 phospholipids phospholipid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 16 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 18 GPs GPs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 22 outer outer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 23 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 24 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 244 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 1 Specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 2 procoagulant procoagulant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 3 actions action NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 5 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 7 calcium calcium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 9 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 10 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 11 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 13 vWF vWF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 16 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 17 V v NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 20 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 22 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 23 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 25 providing provide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 26 phosphatidylserine phosphatidylserine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 27 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 28 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 29 binding binding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 30 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 31 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 33 extrinsic extrinsic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 34 tenase tenase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 36 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 37 III III NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 39 VII VII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 41 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 42 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 45 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 46 tenase tenase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 48 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 49 IX IX NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 51 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 52 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 53 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 54 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 56 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 57 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 58 prothrombinase prothrombinase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 60 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 61 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 62 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 63 V v NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 64 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 65 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 66 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 67 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 68 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 69 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 245 70 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 1 Platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 2 GP gp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 4 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 6 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 8 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 246 9 vWF vwf XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 2 GPIb GPIb NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 4 IX IX NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 6 V V NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 9 collagen collagen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 11 GPVI GPVI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 15 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 17 GPIIb GPIIb NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 19 IIIa IIIa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 22 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 23 facilitate facilitate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 24 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 25 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 26 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 27 Hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 29 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 30 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 247 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 1 Consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 3 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 5 Neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 6 Altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 7 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 8 Abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 9 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 10 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 13 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 14 routinely routinely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 15 sampled sample VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 16 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 17 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 18 examinations examination NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 248 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 3 indications indication NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 5 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 6 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 7 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 9 suspected suspect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 10 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 12 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 13 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 15 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 20 myelitis myelitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 22 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 23 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 25 cytopenia(s cytopenia(s NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 28 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 29 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 31 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 32 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 249 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 1 Multimodal Multimodal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 2 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 4 ideal ideal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 6 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 8 recent recent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 10 < < NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 11 24 24 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 12 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 14 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 16 count count NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 20 cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 22 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 23 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 250 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 3 antemortem antemortem NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 5 analyses analysis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 8 always always RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 9 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 12 interpretation interpretation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 14 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 15 cytomorphologic cytomorphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 16 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 17 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 18 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 19 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 21 impossible impossible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 22 shortly shortly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 23 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 24 death death NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 251 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 1 Postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 4 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 6 collected collect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 7 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 8 soon soon RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 10 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 11 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 12 death death NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 14 euthanasia euthanasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 16 preferably preferably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 17 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 18 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 19 minutes minute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 252 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 1 Samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 4 collected collect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 7 proximal proximal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 8 femur femur NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 10 rib rib NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 12 sternum sternum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 14 vertebrae vertebrae NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 253 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 2 collecting collect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 5 femur femur NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 8 femoral femoral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 9 neck neck NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 11 removed remove VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 14 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 15 saw saw NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 19 fragment fragment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 22 shaft shaft NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 24 removed remove VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 27 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 28 cutting cut VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 29 shears shear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 254 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 1 Cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 2 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 4 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 5 collected collect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 6 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 8 paintbrush paintbrush NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 9 technique technique NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 10 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 11 gently gently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 12 sample sample VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 14 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 15 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 18 clean clean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 20 dry dry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 22 naturalbristle naturalbristle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 23 brush brush NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 26 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 27 carefully carefully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 28 brush brush VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 30 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 31 onto onto IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 32 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 33 clean clean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 34 glass glass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 35 microscope microscope NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 36 slide slide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 38 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 39 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 40 four four CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 41 parallel parallel JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 42 wavy wavy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 43 lines line NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 255 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 2 brush brush NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 3 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 5 cleaned clean VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 7 dried dry VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 8 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 10 use use NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 13 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 14 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 256 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 2 slide slide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 4 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 5 air air NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 6 dried dry VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 8 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 9 away away RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 11 formalin formalin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 12 fumes fume NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 15 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 16 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 19 routine routine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 21 Romanowsky Romanowsky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 23 stain stain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 257 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 2 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 3 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 5 entire entire JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 6 femoral femoral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 7 head head NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 9 femoral femoral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 10 shaft shaft NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 12 rib rib NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 13 fragment fragment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 15 exposed expose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 16 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 19 submersed submerse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 21 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 22 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 23 neutral neutral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 24 buffered buffer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 25 formalin formalin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 258 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 2 cosmetic cosmetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 3 necropsies necropsy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 5 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 8 obtained obtain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 10 antemortem antemortem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 11 techniques technique NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 13 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 15 needle needle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 16 biopsies biopsy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 18 cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 19 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 21 core core NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 22 biopsies biopsy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 23 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 24 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 25 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 259 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 2 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 4 count count NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 6 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 10 cornerstone cornerstone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 12 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 14 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 15 disturbances disturbance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 18 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 19 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 22 minimum minimum JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 23 database database NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 25 sick sick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 26 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 260 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 2 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 3 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 4 numeric numeric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 5 data datum NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 6 indicating indicate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 8 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 10 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 12 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 14 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 15 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 18 estimations estimation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 20 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 22 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 23 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 25 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 26 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 28 packed pack VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 31 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 34 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 37 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 38 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 39 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 40 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 42 mean mean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 43 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 44 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 46 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 47 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 48 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 49 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 50 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 51 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 52 content content NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 54 mean mean VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 55 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 56 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 57 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 58 mean mean VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 59 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 60 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 61 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 261 63 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 1 Cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 2 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 3 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 6 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 8 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 10 hemic hemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 11 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 13 assessed assess VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 14 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 15 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 16 review review NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 19 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 20 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 23 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 24 included include VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 26 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 27 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 28 report report NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 262 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 2 note note NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 4 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 5 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 7 infect infect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 11 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 13 Hepatozoon Hepatozoon NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 14 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 15 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 16 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 17 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 19 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 21 Bartonella Bartonella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 22 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 23 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 24 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 26 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 27 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 28 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 29 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 31 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 32 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 33 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 35 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 36 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 37 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 38 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 39 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 40 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 41 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 263 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 1 Learning learn VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 2 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 3 evaluate evaluate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 5 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 8 valuable valuable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 9 skill skill NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 11 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 12 practicing practice VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 13 veterinarian veterinarian NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 264 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 2 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 5 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 7 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 8 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 9 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 12 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 15 refractometer refractometer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 265 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 5 remember remember VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 7 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 9 hydration hydration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 10 status status NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 14 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 16 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 17 fluids fluid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 18 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 20 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 22 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 23 compartments compartment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 24 affect affect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 26 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 28 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 29 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 31 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 34 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 266 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 2 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 3 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 5 help help VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 7 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 10 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 11 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 12 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 15 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 16 biopsies biopsy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 19 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 20 antiglobulin antiglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 21 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 23 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 24 cytometry cytometry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 26 immunophenotyping immunophenotyping NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 29 polymerase polymerase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 30 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 31 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 33 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 267 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 268 1 Aspiration aspiration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 268 2 cytology cytology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 268 3 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 268 4 histopathology histopathology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 268 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 268 6 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 1 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 2 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 8 pursued pursue VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 10 assess assess VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 13 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 15 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 17 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 18 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 20 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 22 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 25 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 269 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 2 Coombs Coombs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 3 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 6 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 7 antiglobulin antiglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 8 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 10 detects detect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 11 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 12 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 14 complement complement VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 15 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 17 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 20 ' ' POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 21 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 25 standard standard JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 26 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 27 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 28 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 30 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 31 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 32 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 270 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 1 Flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 2 cytometry cytometry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 4 immunofluorescent immunofluorescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 5 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 6 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 10 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 12 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 13 autoantibody autoantibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 14 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 16 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 18 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 19 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 271 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 1 Immunophenotyping Immunophenotyping NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 5 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 6 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 9 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 11 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 12 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 272 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 1 Structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 3 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 4 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 7 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 9 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 12 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 13 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 15 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 18 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 19 toward toward IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 20 hypocoagulability hypocoagulability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 22 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 25 hypercoagulability hypercoagulability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 27 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 28 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 32 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 273 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 2 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 3 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 8 great great JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 9 deal deal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 11 work work NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 13 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 14 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 16 hypocoagulability hypocoagulability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 18 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 19 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 21 hypercoagulability hypercoagulability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 23 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 24 fully fully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 25 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 274 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 1 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 3 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 4 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 5 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 6 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 8 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 9 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 10 bleeds bleed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 11 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 15 petechiation petechiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 17 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 18 ecchymosis ecchymosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 20 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 21 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 22 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 23 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 25 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 26 immediately immediately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 27 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 28 venipuncture venipuncture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 31 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 32 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 34 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 35 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 36 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 37 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 38 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 39 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 40 big big JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 41 bleeds bleed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 42 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 44 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 46 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 47 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 48 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 49 cavities/ cavities/ CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 50 joints joint NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 51 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 52 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 53 ecchymosis ecchymosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 54 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 55 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 56 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 57 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 58 delayed delay VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 59 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 60 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 61 venipuncture venipuncture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 275 63 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 2 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 3 concentrates concentrate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 5 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 6 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 8 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 11 covers cover VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 12 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 13 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 14 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 19 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 20 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 276 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 5 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 7 note note VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 8 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 9 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 10 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 11 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 12 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 13 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 15 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 16 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 18 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 277 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 4 advanced advanced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 5 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 7 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 8 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 10 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 11 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 12 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 13 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 15 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 16 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 18 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 19 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 21 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 22 clearance clearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 24 fibrinolytic fibrinolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 25 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 26 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 27 inhibit inhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 28 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 29 reactions reaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 31 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 32 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 278 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 2 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 5 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 8 bleeding bleeding JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 9 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 12 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 14 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 15 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 17 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 19 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 20 interactions interaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 279 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 1 Specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 3 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 4 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 5 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 7 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 9 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 11 hemostatic hemostatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 12 elements element NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 14 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 15 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 17 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 18 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 280 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 2 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 3 provides provide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 4 basic basic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 5 information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 6 about about IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 7 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 9 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 10 numeric numeric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 11 values value NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 13 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 14 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 16 mean mean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 17 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 18 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 20 MPV MPV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 23 subjective subjective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 24 assessment assessment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 26 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 27 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 28 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 30 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 32 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 35 granularity granularity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 39 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 40 rough rough JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 41 estimation estimation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 42 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 43 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 44 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 45 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 46 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 47 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 48 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 49 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 50 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 51 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 281 52 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 2 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 3 measure measure VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 4 reticulated reticulated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 5 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 7 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 8 recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 9 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 12 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 13 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 16 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 17 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 18 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 20 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 21 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 24 research research NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 25 setting set VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 26 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 27 present present NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 282 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 2 MPV mpv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 4 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 5 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 7 reticulated reticulated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 8 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 9 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 11 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 12 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 13 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 283 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 1 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 3 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 5 indicated indicate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 7 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 8 unexplained unexplained JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 9 cytopenia cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 11 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 12 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 15 evaluate evaluate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 16 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 284 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 1 Tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 2 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 3 evaluate evaluate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 5 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 8 hemostatic hemostatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 9 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 11 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 13 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 15 E E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 16 - - NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 17 Appendix Appendix NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 18 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 19 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 20 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 285 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 2 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 5 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 6 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 8 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 13 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 14 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 16 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 286 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 1 Disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 4 unclear unclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 6 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 7 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 9 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 10 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 11 theories theory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 287 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 1 First first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 5 represent represent VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 6 scar scar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 7 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 8 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 10 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 13 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 14 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 288 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 1 And and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 2 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 4 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 5 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 7 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 8 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 9 present present VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 10 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 11 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 13 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 14 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 16 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 17 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 18 stimulate stimulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 19 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 20 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 289 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 2 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 4 stimulated stimulate VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 5 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 7 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 8 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 9 fibrogenic fibrogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 10 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 12 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 13 plateletderived plateletderived JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 14 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 15 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 17 transforming transform VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 18 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 19 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 21 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 24 epidermal epidermal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 25 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 26 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 290 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 1 Early early RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 6 reticulin reticulin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 7 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 8 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 9 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 11 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 12 elements element NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 291 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 3 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 4 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 5 replaces replace VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 6 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 7 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 10 progression progression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 292 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 1 Histologic Histologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 2 identification identification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 4 reticulin reticulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 6 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 7 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 8 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 10 aided aid VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 12 reticulin reticulin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 13 silver silver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 15 Masson Masson NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 16 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 17 trichrome trichrome JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 18 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 20 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 293 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 4 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 5 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 8 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 10 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 12 extramarrow extramarrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 13 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 17 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 18 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 20 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 21 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 22 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 24 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 294 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 1 Experimental experimental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 2 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 4 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 5 gamma gamma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 6 irradiation irradiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 8 dietary dietary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 9 strontium-90 strontium-90 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 10 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 13 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 14 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 16 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 17 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 18 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 19 induce induce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 20 myelofibrosis myelofibrosi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 295 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 5 adipocytes adipocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 7 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 9 localized localized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 12 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 13 current current JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 14 investigation investigation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 16 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 18 relation relation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 20 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 21 metabolism metabolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 23 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 27 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 296 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 2 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 4 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 5 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 6 imbalance imbalance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 8 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 10 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 13 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 15 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 16 serous serous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 17 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 19 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 22 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 24 gelatinous gelatinous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 25 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 26 transformation transformation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 28 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 297 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 298 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 298 2 -1 -1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 298 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 298 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 5 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 7 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 12 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 14 adipocyte adipocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 15 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 17 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 19 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 21 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 22 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 25 replacement replacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 29 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 30 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 31 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 32 acid acid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 34 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 35 mucopolysaccharides mucopolysaccharide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 299 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 1 Positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 2 Alcian alcian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 3 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 4 staining staining NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 5 identifies identify VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 7 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 8 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 10 mucin mucin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 300 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 1 Marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 2 adipocytes adipocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 3 secrete secrete VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 4 adipose adipose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 6 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 7 hormones hormone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 9 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 10 adipokines adipokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 12 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 13 leptin leptin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 15 adiponectin adiponectin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 301 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 2 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 4 leptin leptin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 6 proinflammatory proinflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 8 prothrombotic prothrombotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 11 mitogenic mitogenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 13 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 15 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 20 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 21 progenitors progenitor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 24 leukemic leukemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 25 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 302 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 3 adiponectin adiponectin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 5 antiinflammatory antiinflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 7 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 8 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 9 properties property NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 303 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 2 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 4 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 6 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 8 leptin leptin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 9 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 11 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 304 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 2 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 5 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 7 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 9 orthopedic orthopedic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 10 surgery surgery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 12 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 14 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 16 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 18 embolize embolize NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 20 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 21 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 24 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 25 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 26 ischemia ischemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 305 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 2 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 4 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 5 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 6 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 8 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 9 embolism embolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 11 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 12 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 14 quantity quantity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 16 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 17 entering enter VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 18 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 21 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 22 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 23 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 25 ischemia ischemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 27 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 28 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 29 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 306 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 1 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 3 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 7 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 9 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 10 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 12 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 14 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 17 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 20 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 21 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 24 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 25 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 27 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 29 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 30 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 31 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 32 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 33 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 307 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 5 mutually mutually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 6 exclusive exclusive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 8 for for RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 9 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 11 altered altered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 12 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 13 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 15 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 17 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 18 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 308 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 1 Often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 3 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 5 always always RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 7 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 8 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 9 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 11 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 12 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 17 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 309 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 310 1 Abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 310 2 Concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 310 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 310 4 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 310 5 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 310 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 2 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 8 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 10 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 11 cytopenia cytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 13 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 14 kytos kytos NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 16 Gr Gr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 17 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 19 hollow hollow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 20 vessel vessel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 23 penia penia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 25 Gr Gr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 26 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 28 poverty poverty NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 32 increased increase VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 34 designated designate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 35 cytosis cytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 37 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 38 osis osis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 40 Gr Gr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 41 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 43 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 311 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 2 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 4 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 5 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 7 denoted denote VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 9 being be VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 10 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 12 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 14 suffix suffix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 312 15 -penia -penia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 2 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 4 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 5 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 313 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 2 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 3 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 8 exception exception NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 11 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 12 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 17 Gr Gr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 18 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 20 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 23 haima haima NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 25 Gr Gr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 26 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 28 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 314 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 2 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 5 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 8 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 10 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 11 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 12 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 14 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 15 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 16 interval interval NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 18 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 19 zero zero CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 315 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 2 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 4 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 5 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 7 denoted denote VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 10 suffix suffix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 11 -osis -osis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 316 13 -philia -philia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 2 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 3 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 5 -1 -1 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 317 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 1 Postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 2 quantification quantification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 5 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 6 Insults insult NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 8 extramarrow extramarrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 12 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 14 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 15 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 16 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 19 involved involved JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 20 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 21 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 23 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 27 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 28 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 318 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 1 Loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 3 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 8 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 12 premature premature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 13 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 15 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 17 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 19 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 20 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 21 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 319 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 1 Tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 2 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 5 neutrophilic neutrophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 7 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 9 basophilic basophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 11 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 12 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 13 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 15 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 18 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 20 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 320 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 1 Megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 2 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 4 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 6 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 7 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 8 use use NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 9 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 10 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 12 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 13 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 14 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 16 DIC DIC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 20 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 22 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 23 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 24 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 321 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 1 Exceptions exception NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 4 generalizations generalization NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 6 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 13 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 14 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 18 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 20 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 21 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 24 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 26 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 27 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 28 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 322 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 1 Endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 3 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 5 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 6 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 7 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 11 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 12 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 17 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 18 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 20 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 22 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 24 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 26 playing play VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 27 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 28 roles role NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 30 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 32 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 34 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 35 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 36 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 38 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 323 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 3 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 4 potential potential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 5 sign sign NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 8 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 9 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 12 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 14 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 15 nucleated nucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 16 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 19 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 21 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 22 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 24 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 25 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 26 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 324 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 3 proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 5 injured injure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 6 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 7 endothelial endothelial NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 9 allow allow VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 10 premature premature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 11 passage passage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 13 metarubricytes metarubricyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 14 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 16 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 17 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 18 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 20 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 325 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 4 conflicting conflict VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 5 theory theory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 6 proposes propose VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 7 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 9 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 10 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 11 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 12 metarubricyte metarubricyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 13 attachment attachment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 15 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 19 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 20 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 21 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 22 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 326 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 1 Specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 2 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 5 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 7 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 8 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 9 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 10 sepsis sepsis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 12 hyperthermia hyperthermia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 14 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 16 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 19 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 20 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 22 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 327 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 1 Inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 2 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 5 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 7 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 8 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 10 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 11 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 328 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 5 suspected suspect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 6 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 8 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 9 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 12 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 14 integral integral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 16 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 17 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 18 metabolism metabolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 20 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 21 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 23 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 24 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 26 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 329 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 1 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 3 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 7 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 9 moderate moderate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 10 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 11 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 12 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 17 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 19 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 21 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 22 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 330 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 4 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 6 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 7 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 8 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 11 briefly briefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 15 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 17 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 19 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 20 sequestration sequestration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 21 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 22 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 331 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 1 Hemosiderosis Hemosiderosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 4 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 5 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 7 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 11 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 12 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 332 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 1 Accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 3 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 5 parenchymal parenchymal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 6 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 8 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 10 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 11 toxicity toxicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 14 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 15 hemochromatosis hemochromatosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 333 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 4 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 5 overload overload NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 6 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 9 transfusions transfusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 11 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 12 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 13 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 15 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 17 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 19 hemochromatosis hemochromatosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 334 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 335 1 Myelitis Myelitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 335 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 335 3 take take VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 335 4 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 335 5 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 335 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 1 Granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 2 myelitis myelitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 5 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 6 fungal fungal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 7 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 9 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 11 histoplasmosis histoplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 14 mycobacteriosis mycobacteriosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 336 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 3 neutrophilic neutrophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 4 myelitis myelitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 8 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 10 order order NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 11 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 12 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 14 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 16 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 17 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 19 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 20 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 337 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 3 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 5 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 6 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 12 IMHA IMHA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 15 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 16 myelitis myelitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 19 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 21 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 23 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 338 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 2 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 4 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 6 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 7 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 9 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 12 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 13 neutrophilic neutrophilic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 14 infiltrates infiltrate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 16 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 18 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 19 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 22 concurrently concurrently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 23 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 25 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 26 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 27 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 28 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 29 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 31 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 339 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 1 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 3 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 6 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 8 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 9 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 12 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 13 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 16 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 18 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 19 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 21 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 22 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 340 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 1 Potential potential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 2 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 4 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 6 extramarrow extramarrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 7 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 9 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 11 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 12 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 13 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 14 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 16 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 19 Ehrlichia Ehrlichia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 20 canis canis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 23 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 24 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 25 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 27 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 31 sepsis sepsis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 33 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 34 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 35 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 37 carprofen carprofen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 39 chemotherapeutic chemotherapeutic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 40 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 42 estrogen estrogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 44 metronidazole metronidazole NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 46 mitotane mitotane NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 48 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 49 phenobarbital phenobarbital NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 51 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 52 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 53 irradiation irradiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 341 54 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 1 Direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 2 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 4 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 5 cytotoxicity cytotoxicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 7 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 9 microvasculature microvasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 11 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 12 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 13 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 16 proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 17 pathogeneses pathogenese NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 342 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 1 Extensive extensive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 3 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 4 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 7 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 9 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 11 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 13 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 16 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 19 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 343 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 3 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 4 survives survive VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 6 initial initial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 7 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 10 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 12 recover recover VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 14 resume resume VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 15 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 16 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 21 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 22 scar scar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 23 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 25 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 26 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 344 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 1 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 3 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 4 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 5 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 7 perimortem perimortem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 8 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 345 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 4 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 6 count count NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 8 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 11 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 13 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 14 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 17 foundation foundation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 19 antemortem antemortem NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 20 assessment assessment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 346 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 347 1 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 347 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 1 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 2 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 3 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 4 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 5 referable referable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 7 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 9 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 10 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 14 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 15 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 16 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 19 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 20 oxygen oxygen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 22 carrying carry VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 23 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 25 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 27 depression depression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 29 lethargy lethargy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 31 weakness weakness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 34 exercise exercise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 35 tolerance tolerance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 39 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 40 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 41 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 43 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 45 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 46 murmur murmur NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 348 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 1 Recumbency Recumbency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 3 seizures seizure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 5 syncope syncope NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 8 coma coma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 10 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 12 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 349 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 1 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 3 confirmed confirm VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 5 identifying identify VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 7 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 8 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 9 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 12 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 13 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 16 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 19 packed pack VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 21 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 22 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 24 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 27 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 28 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 29 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 30 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 350 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 2 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 3 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 4 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 9 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 11 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 14 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 17 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 19 lysis lysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 21 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 25 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 26 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 27 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 28 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 29 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 31 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 32 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 351 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 1 Classifying classify VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 3 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 4 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 6 nonregenerative nonregenerative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 8 clinically clinically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 9 useful useful JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 12 provides provide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 13 information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 14 about about IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 16 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 19 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 20 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 21 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 22 indicates indicate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 23 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 25 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 27 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 28 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 29 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 31 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 32 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 33 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 34 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 36 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 37 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 38 -2 -2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 352 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 2 hallmark hallmark NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 4 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 5 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 7 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 9 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 12 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 14 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 16 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 17 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 19 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 20 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 22 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 23 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 27 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 28 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 29 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 30 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 31 polychromasia polychromasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 32 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 33 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 34 routinely routinely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 35 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 36 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 37 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 39 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 40 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 42 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 43 -5 -5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 353 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 1 Reticulocytosis Reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 3 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 6 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 8 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 10 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 11 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 12 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 15 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 17 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 18 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 21 fully fully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 22 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 354 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 1 Reticulocytosis Reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 4 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 6 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 11 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 12 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 14 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 16 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 355 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 3 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 5 strong strong JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 6 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 7 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 9 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 11 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 12 mean mean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 14 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 16 MCV MCV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 19 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 20 mean mean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 21 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 22 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 23 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 25 MCHC MCHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 27 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 28 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 29 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 30 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 32 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 33 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 34 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 35 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 36 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 37 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 38 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 39 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 356 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 1 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 4 exception exception NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 6 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 7 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 8 scheme scheme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 9 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 11 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 12 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 13 release release VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 14 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 15 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 16 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 18 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 20 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 21 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 357 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 1 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 4 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 5 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 7 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 9 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 10 MCV MCV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 14 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 15 width width NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 17 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 18 index index NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 20 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 22 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 23 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 358 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 1 But but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 2 definitive definitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 3 determination determination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 5 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 8 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 9 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 10 demonstration demonstration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 12 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 13 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 14 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 15 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 17 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 19 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 20 increasing increase VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 22 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 23 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 24 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 25 sequential sequential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 26 CBCs cbc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 359 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 4 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 5 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 8 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 9 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 11 nucleated nucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 16 nRBCs nrbcs RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 19 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 21 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 22 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 24 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 25 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 26 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 360 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 2 nRBCs nrbcs EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 4 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 6 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 9 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 10 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 13 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 16 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 17 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 18 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 21 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 23 reticulocytes reticulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 361 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 4 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 6 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 7 nRBCs nrbcs WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 9 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 11 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 12 definitive definitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 13 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 15 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 17 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 18 signify signify VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 19 dyserythropoiesis dyserythropoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 21 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 23 lead lead JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 24 poisoning poisoning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 25 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 27 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 28 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 31 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 32 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 362 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 2 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 3 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 5 suspected suspect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 6 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 7 nRBCs nRBCs NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 9 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 10 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 11 reticulocy- reticulocy- NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 14 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 16 peritoneal peritoneal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 17 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 19 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 20 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 22 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 23 lost lose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 26 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 28 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 29 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 30 reused reuse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 31 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 32 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 363 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 2 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 7 destroyed destroy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 8 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 9 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 10 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 11 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 364 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 1 Whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 5 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 7 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 11 combination combination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 13 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 14 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 16 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 18 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 20 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 21 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 23 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 24 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 26 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 27 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 365 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 3 indicators indicator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 9 pathogeneses pathogenese NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 11 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 13 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 366 15 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 367 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 367 2 -9 -9 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 1 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 3 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 4 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 7 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 8 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 368 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 2 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 3 sequela sequela NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 6 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 8 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 10 hyperbilirubinemia hyperbilirubinemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 15 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 18 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 19 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 20 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 369 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 1 Bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 4 yellow yellow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 5 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 7 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 8 explains explain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 9 why why WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 10 hyperbilirubinemia hyperbilirubinemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 12 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 13 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 14 enough enough RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 16 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 17 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 18 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 20 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 21 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 22 yellowing yellowing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 24 fluid fluid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 25 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 26 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 30 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 31 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 32 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 370 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 1 Icterus Icterus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 4 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 6 jaundice jaundice NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 9 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 10 detectable detectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 11 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 13 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 14 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 15 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 16 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 17 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 18 mg mg NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 19 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 371 20 dL. dL. NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 5 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 7 note note VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 8 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 9 hyperbilirubinemia hyperbilirubinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 11 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 13 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 14 pathognomonic pathognomonic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 16 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 20 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 22 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 24 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 25 bile bile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 26 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 28 cholestasis cholestasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 31 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 32 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 33 hepatopathy hepatopathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 34 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 35 cholangiopathy cholangiopathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 372 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 4 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 9 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 11 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 15 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 17 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 18 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 20 macrophagic macrophagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 21 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 22 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 24 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 26 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 27 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 28 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 29 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 30 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 373 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 1 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 4 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 6 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 7 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 10 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 11 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 13 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 14 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 374 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 1 Intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 2 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 4 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 5 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 7 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 9 tinged tinge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 12 serum serum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 14 termed termed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 15 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 17 hemoglobinemia hemoglobinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 375 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 1 Hemolysis Hemolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 3 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 4 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 5 until until IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 7 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 9 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 10 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 12 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 13 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 14 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 15 50 50 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 16 mg mg NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 17 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 18 dL. dL. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 19 Cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 21 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 22 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 24 scavenged scavenge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 26 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 27 until until IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 28 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 29 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 30 saturated saturate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 31 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 32 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 33 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 34 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 35 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 37 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 38 150 150 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 39 mg mg NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 40 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 376 41 dL. dL. NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 2 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 4 saturated saturate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 6 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 7 remaining remain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 8 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 9 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 10 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 12 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 13 enough enough JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 14 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 15 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 17 pass pass VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 18 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 20 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 21 glomerular glomerular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 22 filter filter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 23 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 25 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 377 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 2 imparts impart VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 4 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 6 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 7 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 10 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 12 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 13 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 378 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 2 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 3 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 5 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 6 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 7 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 12 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 15 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 17 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 19 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 20 becoming become VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 21 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 22 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 24 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 379 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 2 half half JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 4 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 6 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 8 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 9 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 10 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 11 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 13 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 15 so so CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 16 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 18 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 20 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 22 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 23 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 25 formed form VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 28 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 30 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 33 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 34 decreases decrease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 36 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 37 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 38 pass pass VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 39 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 41 glomerulus glomerulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 42 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 43 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 44 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 45 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 380 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 1 Hemoglobinuria Hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 4 contributing contribute VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 5 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 8 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 9 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 10 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 12 hemoglobinuric hemoglobinuric NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 13 nephrosis nephrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 15 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 16 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 17 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 19 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 21 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 22 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 23 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 25 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 26 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 27 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 381 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 2 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 3 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 7 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 9 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 11 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 12 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 13 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 15 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 16 myoglobinuria myoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 18 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 19 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 20 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 22 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 382 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 1 Hemoglobinuria Hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 3 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 5 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 6 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 7 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 8 hematuria hematuria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 10 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 13 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 16 myoglobinuria myoglobinuria FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 18 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 21 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 25 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 26 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 27 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 28 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 30 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 31 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 32 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 33 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 34 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 35 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 36 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 37 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 38 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 39 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 40 strips strip NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 383 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 1 Comparing compare VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 3 colors color NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 6 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 9 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 11 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 12 informative informative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 384 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 2 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 4 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 6 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 7 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 8 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 9 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 12 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 13 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 15 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 17 discolored discolored JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 385 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 3 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 4 myoglobin myoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 7 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 9 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 11 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 12 monomer monomer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 14 freely freely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 15 filtered filter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 18 glomerulus glomerulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 21 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 22 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 23 bind bind VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 24 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 25 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 28 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 29 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 386 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 1 Hematuria Hematuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 4 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 6 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 9 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 11 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 12 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 14 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 15 sediment sediment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 17 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 19 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 21 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 23 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 25 hematuria hematuria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 387 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 7 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 9 hemoglobinemia hemoglobinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 13 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 15 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 16 MCH MCH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 18 MCHC MCHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 19 values value NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 22 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 388 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 3 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 5 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 6 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 8 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 10 lysing lyse VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 11 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 12 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 15 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 17 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 18 measuring measure VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 20 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 21 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 22 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 23 spectrophotometry spectrophotometry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 389 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 1 By by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 2 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 3 method method NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 5 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 7 originated originate VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 8 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 10 outside outside RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 12 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 14 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 15 together together RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 390 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 3 calculations calculation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 5 MCH MCH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 7 MCHC MCHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 9 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 10 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 11 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 14 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 16 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 19 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 21 assume assume VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 22 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 23 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 25 tosis tosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 28 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 29 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 30 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 31 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 32 relative relative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 33 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 35 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 37 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 39 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 40 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 41 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 391 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 2 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 4 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 7 accompanied accompany VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 9 basophilic basophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 10 stippling stippling NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 12 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 14 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 15 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 16 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 392 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 3 like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 4 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 6 basophilic basophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 7 stippling stippling NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 8 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 9 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 11 concerning concern VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 13 lead lead JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 14 poisoning poisoning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 16 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 17 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 19 dyserythropoiesis dyserythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 393 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 1 Recall recall VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 2 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 4 stimulus stimulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 6 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 7 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 9 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 10 secretion secretion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 12 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 14 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 16 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 17 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 394 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 3 action action NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 5 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 7 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 9 rapid rapid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 11 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 14 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 15 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 17 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 18 immediately immediately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 19 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 23 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 395 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 1 One one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 4 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 5 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 7 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 10 expand expand VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 12 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 14 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 16 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 17 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 18 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 22 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 23 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 24 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 25 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 26 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 27 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 28 differentiate differentiate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 31 point point NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 32 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 33 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 34 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 35 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 36 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 37 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 396 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 6 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 8 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 11 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 14 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 15 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 16 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 18 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 19 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 20 until until IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 21 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 23 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 24 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 26 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 28 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 29 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 30 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 31 until until IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 33 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 34 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 35 peaks peak NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 397 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 3 preregenerative preregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 6 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 7 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 9 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 13 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 14 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 15 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 17 impending impending JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 18 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 19 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 20 yet yet RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 21 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 22 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 24 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 398 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 1 Confirming confirm VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 3 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 6 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 7 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 8 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 9 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 10 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 12 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 13 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 16 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 19 emergence emergence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 22 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 23 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 24 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 25 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 399 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 1 Hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 2 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 4 escape escape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 10 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 14 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 18 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 400 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 3 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 7 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 9 serum serum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 10 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 11 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 13 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 14 hypoproteinemia hypoproteinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 18 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 21 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 23 chemistry chemistry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 24 panel panel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 401 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 3 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 5 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 7 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 8 lumen lumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 10 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 13 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 16 resorbed resorb VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 18 converted convert VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 20 urea urea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 22 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 24 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 25 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 26 urea urea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 27 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 28 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 29 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 31 creatinine creatinine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 33 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 402 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 1 Hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 2 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 4 urinary urinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 5 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 9 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 11 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 12 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 15 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 16 sediment sediment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 403 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 1 Causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 3 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 5 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 7 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 8 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 10 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 11 parasitisms parasitism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 13 ulceration ulceration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 16 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 404 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 1 Hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 4 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 9 internal internal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 11 external external JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 405 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 2 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 3 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 5 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 7 ample ample JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 8 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 9 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 12 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 14 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 15 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 17 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 18 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 406 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 5 external external JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 6 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 8 continued continue VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 9 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 11 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 13 deplete deplete VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 15 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 16 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 17 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 18 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 407 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 2 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 3 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 4 diminish diminish VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 6 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 7 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 8 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 9 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 11 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 12 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 14 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 15 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 16 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 408 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 2 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 5 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 6 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 7 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 9 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 12 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 14 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 15 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 16 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 19 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 409 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 2 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 4 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 9 internal internal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 10 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 12 Spherocytes Spherocytes NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 13 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 14 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 17 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 20 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 22 phagocytize phagocytize NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 23 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 25 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 26 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 27 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 28 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 29 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 30 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 410 31 autoantibody autoantibody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 6 12 12 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 411 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 2 remaining remain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 3 portion portion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 6 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 7 assumes assume VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 9 spherical spherical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 10 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 12 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 13 preserving preserve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 14 maximal maximal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 15 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 412 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 2 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 4 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 5 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 7 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 8 deformability deformability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 413 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 1 Erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 2 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 4 extremely extremely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 5 pliable pliable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 7 traverse traverse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 9 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 10 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 11 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 13 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 14 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 16 spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 17 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 18 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 20 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 21 retained retain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 24 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 26 close close JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 27 association association NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 28 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 29 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 30 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 31 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 32 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 33 further further JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 34 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 36 eventual eventual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 37 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 414 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 3 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 5 spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 6 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 7 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 8 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 9 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 11 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 12 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 13 staining staining NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 15 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 17 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 18 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 19 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 21 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 25 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 27 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 28 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 30 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 31 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 32 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 33 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 35 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 36 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 37 imparted impart VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 38 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 39 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 40 biconcave biconcave NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 41 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 415 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 2 difference difference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 4 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 5 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 6 spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 8 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 9 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 11 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 12 consistently consistently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 13 discernible discernible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 15 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 16 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 17 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 20 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 21 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 24 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 25 originated originate VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 26 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 27 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 416 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 5 hemoglobinemia hemoglobinemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 8 excess excess JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 9 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 10 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 12 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 14 artifactual artifactual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 15 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 18 calculated calculate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 19 MCH MCH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 21 MCHC MCHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 417 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 5 remember remember VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 7 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 8 artifactual artifactual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 9 increases increase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 12 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 14 lipemia lipemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 418 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 1 Once once IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 2 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 5 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 6 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 9 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 10 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 12 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 13 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 15 investigated investigate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 16 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 17 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 18 signalment signalment JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 20 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 21 history history NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 24 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 25 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 26 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 27 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 419 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 4 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 9 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 10 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 12 immunemediated immunemediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 14 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 16 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 19 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 20 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 22 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 24 microangiopathic microangiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 26 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 28 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 29 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 30 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 31 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 420 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 1 Spherocytosis spherocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 3 autoagglutination autoagglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 5 hallmarks hallmark NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 7 immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 8 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 11 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 12 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 14 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 15 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 17 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 20 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 22 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 23 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 25 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 26 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 27 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 29 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 30 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 421 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 1 Several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 2 initiating initiate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 3 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 5 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 6 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 7 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 8 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 9 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 12 complement complement JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 13 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 14 attack attack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 15 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 17 pictured picture VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 422 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 2 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 3 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 5 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 6 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 8 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 9 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 12 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 14 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 17 scavenged scavenge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 19 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 21 hemopexin hemopexin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 423 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 2 haptoglobin haptoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 4 hemopexin hemopexin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 6 saturated saturate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 11 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 12 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 13 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 14 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 15 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 18 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 20 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 24 excreted excrete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 27 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 29 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 30 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 31 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 32 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 33 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 424 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 2 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 3 clears clear VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 4 haptoglobinhemoglobin haptoglobinhemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 6 hemopexin hemopexin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 8 methemoglobin methemoglobin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 9 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 11 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 13 converts convert VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 14 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 16 unconjugated unconjugated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 17 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 19 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 20 conjugated conjugate VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 21 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 425 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 1 Conjugated conjugated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 2 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 4 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 5 excreted excrete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 8 bile bile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 10 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 11 converted convert VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 13 urobilinogen urobilinogen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 15 yellow yellow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 18 subsequently subsequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 19 stercobilinogen stercobilinogen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 21 dark dark NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 22 brown brown NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 426 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 3 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 4 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 5 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 6 spill spill VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 7 over over RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 12 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 14 hyperbilirubinemia hyperbilirubinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 16 icteric icteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 17 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 19 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 20 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 21 enough enough RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 25 urinary urinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 26 excretion excretion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 28 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 30 bilirubinuria bilirubinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 31 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 32 icteric icteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 33 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 427 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 428 1 Extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 428 2 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 1 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 2 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 3 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 4 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 8 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 10 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 13 digest digest VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 14 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 17 convert convert VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 18 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 20 unconjugated unconjugated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 21 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 429 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 1 Excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 2 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 4 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 5 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 6 hyperbilirubinemia hyperbilirubinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 9 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 10 icteric icteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 11 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 430 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 1 Unconjugated unconjugated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 2 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 4 processed process VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 6 excreted excrete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 9 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 11 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 12 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 13 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 17 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 20 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 431 22 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 1 Kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 2 U u NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 4 bilirubin bilirubin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 5 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 11 whose whose WP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 12 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 13 differ differ VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 15 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 18 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 20 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 21 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 23 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 25 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 26 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 27 pronounced pronounce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 28 biconcavity biconcavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 30 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 31 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 32 pronounced pronounce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 33 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 34 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 432 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 1 Autoagglutination autoagglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 3 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 5 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 6 - - NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 7 linking linking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 9 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 10 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 12 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 14 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 433 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 1 Autoagglutination autoagglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 3 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 4 macroscopically macroscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 9 grainy grainy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 10 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 12 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 13 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 434 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 5 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 9 microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 11 clusters cluster NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 16 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 435 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 436 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 436 2 -13 -13 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 436 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 436 4 C C NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 436 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 436 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 1 Autoagglutination Autoagglutination NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 7 falsely falsely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 8 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 9 MCV MCV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 11 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 15 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 16 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 17 clustered cluster VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 20 mistakenly mistakenly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 21 counted count VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 22 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 23 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 26 automated automate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 27 hematology hematology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 28 analyzers analyzer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 437 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 2 autoagglutination autoagglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 4 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 7 packed pack VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 10 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 13 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 14 reliable reliable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 15 measurement measurement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 17 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 20 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 438 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 1 Ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 4 ruptured rupture VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 5 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 8 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 9 devoid devoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 11 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 12 contents content NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 14 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 15 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 439 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 2 indicate indicate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 3 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 4 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 8 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 11 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 13 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 14 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 16 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 17 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 19 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 21 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 23 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 25 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 28 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 29 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 440 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 5 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 8 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 11 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 13 complement complement VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 14 binds bind VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 16 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 19 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 21 activates activate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 23 complement complement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 24 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 25 attack attack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 26 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 28 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 30 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 31 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 32 -12 -12 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 441 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 2 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 3 pore pore NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 4 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 10 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 12 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 14 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 15 contents content NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 18 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 442 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 1 Ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 4 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 5 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 6 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 7 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 9 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 10 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 12 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 13 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 15 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 443 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 1 Oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 2 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 6 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 7 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 8 antioxidative antioxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 9 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 11 generate generate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 12 reducing reduce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 13 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 15 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 17 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 18 nicotinamide nicotinamide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 19 adenine adenine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 20 dinucleotide dinucleotide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 22 NADH NADH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 25 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 26 nicotinamide nicotinamide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 27 adenine adenine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 28 dinucleotide dinucleotide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 29 phosphate phosphate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 31 NADPH NADPH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 35 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 36 glutathione glutathione NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 38 GSH GSH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 41 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 42 compromised compromise VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 43 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 44 overwhelmed overwhelmed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 46 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 48 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 49 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 51 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 52 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 53 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 54 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 55 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 56 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 444 57 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 1 Hemolysis Hemolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 2 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 3 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 4 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 5 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 8 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 10 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 14 combination combination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 445 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 3 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 4 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 9 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 12 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 13 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 15 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 16 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 18 eccentrocytes eccentrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 21 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 22 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 24 methemoglobinemia methemoglobinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 446 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 1 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 2 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 4 foci foci JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 6 denatured denatured JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 7 globin globin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 9 interact interact VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 12 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 13 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 447 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 3 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 4 subtly subtly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 5 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 7 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 8 Wright Wright NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 10 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 12 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 14 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 15 circular circular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 16 inclusions inclusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 18 blunt blunt JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 20 rounded rounded JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 21 protrusions protrusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 24 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 25 margin margin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 26 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 27 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 28 readily readily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 29 discernible discernible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 30 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 31 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 32 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 33 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 34 new new JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 35 methylene methylene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 36 blue blue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 448 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 1 Cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 3 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 4 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 6 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 7 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 8 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 11 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 12 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 13 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 15 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 16 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 17 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 449 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 3 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 4 unanimity unanimity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 6 opinion opinion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 9 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 11 pathologists pathologist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 12 believe believe VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 13 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 15 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 17 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 18 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 20 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 22 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 23 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 25 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 26 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 28 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 29 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 30 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 31 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 32 limits limit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 450 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 2 predisposition predisposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 4 believed believe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 6 reflect reflect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 7 unique unique JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 8 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 11 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 12 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 14 whose whose WP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 15 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 16 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 17 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 18 sulfhydryl sulfhydryl NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 19 groups group NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 21 preferential preferential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 22 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 23 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 24 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 25 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 27 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 28 do do VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 29 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 31 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 32 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 34 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 35 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 36 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 37 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 38 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 39 reducing reduce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 40 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 451 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 4 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 7 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 8 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 9 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 10 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 11 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 12 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 13 efficient efficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 15 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 16 pitting pit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 17 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 18 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 20 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 21 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 23 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 25 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 27 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 28 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 29 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 31 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 32 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 452 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 1 Eccentrocytes eccentrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 3 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 7 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 8 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 9 side side NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 12 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 13 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 14 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 15 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 17 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 19 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 20 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 21 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 23 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 27 another another DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 28 manifestation manifestation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 30 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 31 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 453 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 2 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 3 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 5 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 6 - - NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 7 linking linking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 9 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 10 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 13 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 14 imparts impart VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 16 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 17 discernible discernible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 18 chocolate chocolate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 19 color color NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 454 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 1 By by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 2 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 4 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 5 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 6 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 7 tends tend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 9 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 10 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 12 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 455 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 1 Mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 2 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 3 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 5 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 7 shearing shearing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 9 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 12 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 456 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 1 Normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 5 flowing flow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 6 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 7 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 8 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 13 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 14 valve valve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 15 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 17 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 18 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 19 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 21 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 23 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 24 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 25 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 28 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 31 hemangiosarcoma hemangiosarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 457 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 9 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 10 fragile fragile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 11 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 14 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 17 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 19 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 20 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 458 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 2 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 3 instance instance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 5 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 6 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 8 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 9 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 10 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 12 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 14 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 15 fragments fragment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 17 schistocytes schistocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 19 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 459 22 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 2 -15 -15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 4 C C NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 8 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 10 irregular irregular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 11 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 12 projections projection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 14 acanthocytes acanthocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 17 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 19 blister blister NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 21 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 22 projections projection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 24 keratocytes keratocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 28 ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 29 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 31 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 32 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 460 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 5 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 7 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 8 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 9 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 11 D D NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 14 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 15 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 16 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 18 E E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 461 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 1 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 2 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 5 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 7 opposing oppose VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 8 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 12 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 13 inner inner JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 14 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 15 leaflet leaflet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 18 displacement displacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 20 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 23 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 24 toward toward IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 26 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 27 side side NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 462 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 2 fused fuse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 3 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 5 fragment fragment VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 6 off off IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 9 eccentrocyte eccentrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 11 leaving leave VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 13 slightly slightly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 14 ruffled ruffle VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 15 border border NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 16 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 17 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 18 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 19 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 20 abnormality abnormality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 22 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 24 pyknocyte pyknocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 26 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 463 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 3 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 464 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 1 Oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 2 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 5 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 7 conversion conversion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 9 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 11 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 14 Fe Fe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 15 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 16 + + CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 17 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 20 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 22 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 25 Fe Fe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 26 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 27 + + CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 28 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 31 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 33 incapable incapable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 35 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 36 oxygen oxygen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 465 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 1 Methemoglobin Methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 3 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 4 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 6 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 7 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 10 back back RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 12 oxyhemoglobin oxyhemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 15 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 16 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 18 b b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 19 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 20 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 22 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 23 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 25 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 26 reductase reductase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 466 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 1 Methemoglobinemia Methemoglobinemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 2 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 3 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 4 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 6 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 8 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 9 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 11 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 13 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 14 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 17 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 19 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 20 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 22 maintaining maintain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 23 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 26 Fe Fe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 27 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 28 + + CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 29 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 30 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 31 impaired impair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 33 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 34 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 35 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 36 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 37 b b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 38 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 39 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 40 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 467 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 2 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 4 sufficiently sufficiently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 5 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 6 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 8 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 9 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 10 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 12 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 468 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 1 Antierythrocyte Antierythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 2 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 3 bind bind VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 4 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 5 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 6 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 8 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 10 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 11 opsonization opsonization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 13 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 15 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 16 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 17 G G NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 19 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 23 complement complement VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 25 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 26 C3b C3b NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 469 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 1 Immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 4 C3b c3b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 6 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 7 RBCs rbc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 9 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 11 digested digest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 13 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 14 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 470 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 471 1 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 471 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 471 3 Spherocytes Spherocytes NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 471 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 1 Spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 2 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 3 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 5 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 7 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 8 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 10 C3b c3b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 12 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 13 RBCs rbc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 15 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 17 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 19 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 20 removing remove VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 22 entire entire JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 23 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 25 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 472 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 1 Compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 3 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 6 spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 7 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 8 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 10 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 11 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 14 lack lack VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 15 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 16 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 473 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 1 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 3 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 4 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 6 agglutination agglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 474 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 1 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 2 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 4 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 5 antierythrocyte antierythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 6 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 8 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 9 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 11 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 14 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 15 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 17 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 19 bind bind VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 20 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 21 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 22 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 475 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 476 1 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 476 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 476 3 Ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 476 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 476 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 1 Antierythrocyte Antierythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 2 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 3 bind bind VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 4 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 5 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 6 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 8 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 10 complement complement JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 11 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 13 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 16 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 17 attack attack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 18 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 20 MAC MAC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 477 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 1 MACs mac NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 2 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 3 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 4 pores pore NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 6 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 8 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 10 RBCs rbc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 14 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 16 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 17 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 19 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 478 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 1 Ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 4 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 5 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 6 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 8 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 9 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 11 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 12 normocytic normocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 14 normochromic normochromic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 479 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 3 long long RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 5 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 7 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 9 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 12 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 13 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 15 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 16 anemic anemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 19 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 21 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 22 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 24 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 25 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 26 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 29 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 30 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 480 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 1 Sequestration sequestration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 3 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 7 bacteriostatic bacteriostatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 8 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 9 adaptation adaptation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 11 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 12 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 13 require require VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 14 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 17 cofactor cofactor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 19 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 481 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 2 recent recent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 3 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 5 investigators investigator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 7 begun begin VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 9 elucidate elucidate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 11 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 13 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 16 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 482 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 1 Hepcidin Hepcidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 4 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 5 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 6 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 8 antimicrobial antimicrobial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 9 peptide peptide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 10 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 13 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 17 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 18 mediator mediator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 20 limits limit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 21 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 22 availability availability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 483 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 1 Hepcidin Hepcidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 2 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 3 increases increase VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 5 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 7 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 10 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 11 overload overload NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 13 decreases decrease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 17 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 484 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 1 Hepcidin Hepcidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 2 exerts exert VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 4 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 6 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 7 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 8 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 9 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 485 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 2 binds bind VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 5 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 7 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 11 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 12 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 13 efflux efflux NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 14 molecule molecule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 16 ferroportin ferroportin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 18 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 19 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 20 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 21 absorption absorption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 23 dietary dietary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 24 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 25 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 27 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 28 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 30 export export NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 32 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 33 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 34 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 36 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 37 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 39 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 41 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 43 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 44 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 45 16 16 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 486 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 1 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 3 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 4 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 5 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 6 besides besides IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 7 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 8 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 9 availability availability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 487 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 1 Inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 2 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 4 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 6 inhibit inhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 7 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 9 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 10 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 13 triggering trigger VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 14 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 16 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 17 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 21 decreasing decrease VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 22 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 24 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 26 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 27 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 28 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 31 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 32 decreasing decrease VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 33 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 35 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 36 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 488 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 4 experimentally experimentally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 5 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 6 sterile sterile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 7 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 9 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 10 resulted result VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 12 shortened shorten VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 13 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 14 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 16 indicating indicate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 17 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 18 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 20 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 22 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 23 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 25 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 27 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 28 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 29 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 489 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 2 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 4 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 5 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 7 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 9 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 10 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 11 -2 -2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 490 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 1 Specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 2 examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 4 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 5 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 6 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 9 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 10 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 12 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 13 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 15 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 16 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 491 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 492 1 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 492 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 1 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 5 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 8 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 10 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 12 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 493 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 1 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 4 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 6 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 7 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 9 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 10 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 12 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 13 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 17 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 19 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 21 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 22 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 23 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 25 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 27 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 494 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 2 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 4 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 5 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 8 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 10 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 11 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 495 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 2 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 3 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 5 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 6 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 8 affects affect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 10 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 11 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 13 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 15 chemical chemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 16 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 18 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 20 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 22 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 25 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 27 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 28 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 29 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 30 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 31 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 32 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 33 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 34 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 35 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 36 preferentially preferentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 37 targets target VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 38 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 496 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 2 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 3 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 5 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 7 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 10 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 11 short short JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 12 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 13 span span NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 15 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 497 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 1 Once once RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 2 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 5 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 6 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 9 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 13 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 14 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 16 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 17 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 18 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 21 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 498 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 2 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 3 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 4 ceases cease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 7 reserve reserve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 9 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 10 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 15 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 16 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 17 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 18 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 19 adequate adequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 21 maintain maintain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 22 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 23 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 25 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 26 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 27 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 29 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 30 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 31 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 32 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 34 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 36 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 37 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 38 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 39 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 40 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 41 depleted deplete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 43 neutropenia neutropenia MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 44 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 45 ensues ensue VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 499 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 4 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 7 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 9 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 10 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 12 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 500 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 1 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 3 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 4 range range VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 6 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 7 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 9 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 11 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 13 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 16 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 17 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 18 attack attack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 22 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 23 programs program NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 501 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 1 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 3 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 4 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 6 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 7 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 12 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 14 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 15 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 16 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 17 excluded exclude VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 19 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 21 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 23 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 25 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 26 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 27 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 28 leave leave VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 30 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 31 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 33 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 34 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 35 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 36 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 37 ineffective ineffective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 38 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 502 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 1 Like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 2 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 3 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 5 ineffective ineffective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 6 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 8 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 9 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 11 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 12 presumed presume VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 15 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 16 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 17 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 19 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 21 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 22 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 23 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 26 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 28 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 30 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 31 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 32 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 33 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 503 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 2 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 5 earlier early JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 6 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 8 Granulopoiesis Granulopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 10 Monocytopoiesis Monocytopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 12 Myelopoiesis Myelopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 15 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 16 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 19 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 22 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 23 compartments compartment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 24 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 26 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 27 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 29 consisting consist VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 31 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 32 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 33 flowing flow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 34 freely freely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 35 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 37 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 40 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 41 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 42 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 44 consisting consist VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 45 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 46 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 47 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 48 transiently transiently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 49 interacting interact VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 50 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 51 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 52 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 53 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 504 54 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 2 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 3 reality reality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 5 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 7 constantly constantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 8 shifting shift VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 9 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 10 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 11 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 12 pools pool NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 16 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 20 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 21 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 22 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 23 remains remain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 24 fairly fairly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 25 Schistocytes Schistocytes NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 28 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 29 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 30 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 31 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 32 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 33 abnormality abnormality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 34 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 35 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 36 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 37 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 38 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 39 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 40 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 41 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 42 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 43 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 44 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 45 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 46 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 47 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 48 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 49 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 505 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 4 ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 8 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 10 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 11 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 13 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 506 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 1 Nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 7 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 9 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 12 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 13 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 14 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 16 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 17 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 18 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 19 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 21 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 22 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 25 context context NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 27 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 507 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 1 Most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 2 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 6 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 8 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 9 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 12 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 14 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 16 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 17 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 508 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 1 Erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 2 circulate circulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 5 long long JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 6 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 8 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 9 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 10 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 12 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 13 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 14 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 16 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 17 slowly slowly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 509 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 4 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 6 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 9 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 11 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 13 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 17 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 510 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 2 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 5 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 7 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 9 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 11 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 14 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 15 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 17 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 19 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 20 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 22 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 24 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 25 C c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 27 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 29 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 30 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 31 depressing depress VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 32 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 511 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 2 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 5 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 6 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 8 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 10 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 11 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 12 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 15 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 512 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 1 General general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 2 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 4 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 5 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 6 outlined outline VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 7 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 10 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 12 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 14 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 15 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 16 apply apply VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 18 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 513 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 2 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 3 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 4 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 6 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 9 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 11 IMTP IMTP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 15 fairly fairly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 16 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 19 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 21 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 22 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 23 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 25 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 26 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 514 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 1 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 3 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 5 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 6 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 9 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 11 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 13 < < XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 14 10,000 10,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 15 platelets/µL platelets/µL NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 18 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 20 spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 21 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 22 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 515 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 2 use use NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 4 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 7 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 9 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 10 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 11 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 516 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 1 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 2 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 4 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 7 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 9 moderate moderate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 11 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 12 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 13 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 14 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 15 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 16 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 17 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 19 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 20 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 22 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 24 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 26 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 27 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 28 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 30 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 32 schistocytes schistocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 517 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 1 Disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 2 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 3 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 8 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 9 hypercoagulability hypercoagulability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 10 leads lead VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 12 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 13 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 15 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 16 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 18 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 19 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 22 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 25 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 26 hypocoagulability hypocoagulability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 28 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 30 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 518 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 1 Risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 2 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 4 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 5 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 6 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 7 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 9 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 10 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 14 sepsis sepsis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 16 pancreatitis pancreatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 18 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 21 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 22 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 519 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 2 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 3 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 4 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 6 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 7 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 9 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 10 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 11 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 13 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 15 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 17 third third NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 19 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 20 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 24 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 25 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 27 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 28 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 29 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 31 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 34 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 36 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 37 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 520 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 5 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 7 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 9 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 10 sequestration sequestration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 12 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 15 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 16 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 17 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 18 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 19 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 521 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 522 1 Lymphopenia Lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 522 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 1 Lymphopenia Lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 5 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 6 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 8 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 523 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 5 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 6 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 8 sick sick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 9 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 524 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 1 Usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 3 precise precise JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 4 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 6 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 9 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 12 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 13 presumed presume VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 14 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 16 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 17 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 18 excess excess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 20 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 22 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 525 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 1 Excess excess JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 2 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 4 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 5 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 7 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 9 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 11 altered altered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 12 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 16 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 18 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 19 trafficking trafficking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 21 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 22 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 23 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 25 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 26 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 29 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 30 egress egress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 32 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 33 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 34 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 35 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 36 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 37 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 526 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 1 At at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 2 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 3 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 5 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 9 destroyed destroy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 527 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 2 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 4 lymphotoxicity lymphotoxicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 6 chemotherapeutic chemotherapeutic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 7 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 9 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 10 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 13 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 14 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 15 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 528 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 1 Lymphopenia Lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 3 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 5 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 8 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 9 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 11 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 13 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 14 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 15 fluid fluid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 19 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 20 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 22 repeated repeat VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 23 drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 25 chylous chylous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 26 effusions effusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 30 disruption disruption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 33 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 34 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 35 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 36 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 37 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 38 constant constant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 39 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 40 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 41 given give VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 42 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 43 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 529 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 1 Circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 2 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 4 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 8 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 9 collected collect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 10 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 11 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 12 venipuncture venipuncture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 15 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 16 counted count VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 19 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 21 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 22 marginating marginate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 23 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 25 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 530 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 1 Pseudoneutropenia Pseudoneutropenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 5 situation situation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 7 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 8 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 11 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 12 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 14 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 17 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 18 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 531 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 3 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 4 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 8 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 11 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 13 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 15 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 17 endotoxemia endotoxemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 20 increase increase VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 21 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 23 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 24 promoting promote VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 25 interaction interaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 26 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 27 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 29 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 30 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 532 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 4 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 6 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 7 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 10 practice practice NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 533 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 1 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 6 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 7 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 9 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 12 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 534 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 1 How how WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 2 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 3 such such PDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 5 situation situation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 6 develops develop VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 7 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 9 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 12 magnitude magnitude NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 15 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 16 stimulus stimulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 17 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 18 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 21 reserve reserve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 23 postmitotic postmitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 24 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 27 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 535 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 2 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 5 reserve reserve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 8 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 9 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 12 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 13 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 536 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 4 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 5 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 7 equivalent equivalent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 9 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 10 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 11 ' ' POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 13 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 15 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 537 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 2 represent represent VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 4 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 5 extreme extreme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 7 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 8 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 9 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 11 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 12 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 13 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 15 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 17 predisposed predisposed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 19 becoming become VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 20 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 21 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 22 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 24 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 25 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 538 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 1 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 3 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 5 somewhere somewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 6 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 8 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 9 extremes extreme NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 11 closer close RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 13 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 15 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 17 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 539 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 2 stands stand VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 4 reason reason VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 7 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 8 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 10 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 11 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 14 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 16 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 17 imbalance imbalance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 20 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 21 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 540 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 4 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 7 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 9 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 12 alarming alarming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 13 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 14 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 17 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 20 massive massive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 21 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 22 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 23 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 24 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 25 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 26 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 27 exhausted exhaust VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 29 patient patient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 30 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 31 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 32 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 34 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 35 exceeding exceed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 37 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 39 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 40 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 42 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 43 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 541 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 3 cows cow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 5 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 7 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 8 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 11 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 12 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 14 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 15 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 16 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 17 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 19 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 20 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 21 necessarily necessarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 22 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 23 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 24 overwhelming overwhelming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 25 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 542 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 543 1 Eosinopenia Eosinopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 543 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 543 3 Basopenia Basopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 543 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 1 Eosinopenia Eosinopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 3 basopenia basopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 5 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 6 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 9 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 11 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 13 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 544 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 2 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 3 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 5 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 6 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 7 values value NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 9 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 11 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 13 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 14 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 16 zero zero CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 18 per per IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 19 microliter microliter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 21 precluding preclude VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 22 detection detection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 24 eosinopenia eosinopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 25 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 26 basopenia basopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 545 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 2 detectable detectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 4 eosinopenia eosinopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 8 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 10 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 12 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 14 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 15 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 546 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 547 1 Monocytopenia Monocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 547 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 1 Monocytopenia Monocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 2 denotes denote VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 4 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 5 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 7 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 14 little little JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 16 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 17 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 18 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 20 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 548 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 549 1 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 549 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 1 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 5 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 8 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 10 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 11 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 550 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 1 Mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 3 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 5 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 6 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 8 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 9 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 11 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 12 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 15 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 16 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 551 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 2 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 4 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 5 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 8 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 9 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 12 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 13 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 14 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 16 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 17 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 19 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 21 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 22 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 23 interchangeably interchangeably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 25 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 27 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 28 technically technically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 30 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 32 purposes purpose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 34 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 35 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 37 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 38 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 39 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 40 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 41 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 42 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 43 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 44 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 45 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 46 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 47 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 48 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 49 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 50 vera vera NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 552 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 1 Causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 3 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 5 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 6 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 8 absolute absolute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 553 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 1 Relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 2 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 3 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 6 fluid fluid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 7 deficit deficit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 9 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 10 altered altered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 11 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 16 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 18 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 21 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 22 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 23 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 24 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 25 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 27 generalized generalized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 28 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 30 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 32 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 34 blastomycosis blastomycosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 554 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 2 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 3 immunodeficiencies immunodeficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 7 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 8 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 9 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 11 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 12 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 14 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 15 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 16 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 17 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 19 lymphoid lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 20 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 555 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 556 1 Erythrocytosis Erythrocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 556 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 2 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 5 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 6 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 8 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 9 above above IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 11 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 12 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 14 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 16 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 557 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 3 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 4 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 5 Rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 7 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 8 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 10 secreting secrete VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 11 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 13 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 14 inappropriately inappropriately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 15 elevated elevate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 16 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 18 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 21 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 23 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 558 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 1 Absolute absolute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 2 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 4 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 5 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 7 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 9 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 10 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 11 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 16 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 18 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 19 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 20 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 22 microvasculature microvasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 23 distention distention NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 559 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 2 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 4 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 6 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 8 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 9 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 11 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 14 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 560 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 2 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 4 hyperviscosity hyperviscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 7 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 8 erythematous erythematous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 9 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 10 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 12 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 14 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 15 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 16 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 19 prolonged prolong VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 20 capillary capillary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 21 refill refill NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 22 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 24 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 25 scleral scleral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 26 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 28 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 30 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 32 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 35 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 36 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 37 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 38 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 39 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 40 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 41 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 42 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 44 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 46 neurologic neurologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 47 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 48 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 49 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 561 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 562 1 Neutrophilia Neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 562 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 1 Neutrophilia Neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 4 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 6 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 8 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 10 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 12 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 15 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 17 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 18 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 20 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 22 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 23 mutually mutually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 24 exclusive exclusive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 563 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 1 Major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 4 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 6 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 8 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 564 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 565 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 565 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 565 3 18 18 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 565 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 1 Understanding understand VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 3 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 4 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 5 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 7 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 8 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 11 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 12 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 15 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 16 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 566 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 1 Inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 3 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 5 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 8 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 9 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 12 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 15 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 16 next next RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 567 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 3 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 4 moving move VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 5 on on RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 8 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 10 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 11 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 14 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 16 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 17 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 18 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 22 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 23 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 24 mention mention VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 25 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 26 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 27 common common NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 28 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 29 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 30 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 568 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 3 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 4 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 6 dehydration dehydration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 8 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 10 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 11 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 13 water water NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 16 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 17 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 19 hemoconcentration hemoconcentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 569 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 3 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 4 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 5 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 7 epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 9 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 10 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 11 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 13 wherein wherein WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 14 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 15 move move VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 18 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 20 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 21 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 570 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 1 Erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 3 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 4 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 8 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 9 pronounced pronounced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 10 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 12 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 16 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 18 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 20 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 21 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 571 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 1 Absolute absolute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 2 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 5 true true JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 6 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 11 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 12 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 14 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 15 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 17 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 19 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 20 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 22 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 24 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 25 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 572 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 2 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 4 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 5 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 6 vera vera NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 10 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 11 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 13 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 17 predominance predominance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 19 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 20 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 573 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 1 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 3 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 6 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 7 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 11 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 13 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 15 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 16 hydrated hydrated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 17 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 18 ranges range VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 19 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 20 65 65 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 21 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 23 > > XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 24 80 80 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 25 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 28 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 29 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 31 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 33 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 34 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 36 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 37 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 40 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 41 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 42 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 43 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 44 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 45 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 46 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 574 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 2 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 3 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 5 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 8 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 9 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 10 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 12 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 13 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 15 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 16 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 575 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 2 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 7 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 8 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 11 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 13 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 15 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 17 right right NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 21 left leave VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 22 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 23 shunts shunt NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 25 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 27 Inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 28 mediators mediator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 30 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 31 interleukin-1 interleukin-1 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 33 IL-1 IL-1 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 36 interleukin-6 interleukin-6 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 38 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 41 interferon interferon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 43 INF INF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 47 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 48 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 49 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 51 TNF TNF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 53 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 54 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 55 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 56 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 57 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 58 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 59 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 60 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 61 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 62 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 63 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 64 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 65 sequestration sequestration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 66 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 67 enterocytes enterocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 68 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 69 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 70 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 71 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 72 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 73 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 74 responsiveness responsiveness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 75 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 76 erythropoietin erythropoietin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 77 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 78 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 79 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 576 80 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 2 homeostasis homeostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 4 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 5 transport transport NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 6 molecule molecule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 8 ferroportin ferroportin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 10 transports transport VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 11 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 14 cytosol cytosol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 17 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 18 space space NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 577 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 2 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 4 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 5 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 7 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 8 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 9 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 11 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 12 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 13 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 15 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 17 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 18 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 578 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 2 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 4 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 6 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 7 increases increase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 8 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 10 hepcidin hepcidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 13 binds bind VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 14 ferroportin ferroportin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 16 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 17 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 18 internalization internalization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 20 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 21 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 579 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 2 fewer few JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 3 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 4 ferroportin ferroportin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 5 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 7 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 8 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 10 absorbed absorb VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 13 diet diet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 15 mobilized mobilize VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 17 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 580 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 581 1 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 581 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 581 3 Red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 581 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 581 5 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 581 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 2 Of of RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 3 course course RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 5 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 8 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 9 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 12 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 13 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 15 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 16 magnitude magnitude NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 18 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 19 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 20 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 21 patterns pattern NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 23 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 582 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 2 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 3 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 4 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 6 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 8 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 9 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 11 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 14 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 16 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 17 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 22 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 25 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 26 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 583 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 1 Not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 2 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 3 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 4 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 7 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 8 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 12 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 15 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 16 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 17 almost almost RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 18 always always RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 19 signifies signify VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 20 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 21 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 22 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 23 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 26 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 584 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 2 magnitude magnitude NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 5 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 6 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 8 assessed assess VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 11 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 13 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 17 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 19 immaturity immaturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 585 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 2 mildest mild JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 5 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 7 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 8 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 10 band band NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 11 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 14 immediate immediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 15 predecessor predecessor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 18 segmented segmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 19 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 20 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 21 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 23 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 586 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 1 Progressively progressively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 2 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 3 predecessors predecessor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 5 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 7 increasingly increasingly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 8 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 9 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 587 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 2 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 3 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 5 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 6 orderly orderly JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 7 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 9 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 11 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 12 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 14 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 15 decreases decrease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 17 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 18 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 19 progressively progressively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 20 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 588 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 3 degenerative degenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 4 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 5 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 7 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 8 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 10 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 11 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 15 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 17 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 18 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 19 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 21 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 23 segmented segmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 24 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 589 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 3 glucocorticoidmediated glucocorticoidmediated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 4 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 7 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 8 magnitude magnitude NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 10 neutrophilia neutrophilia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 11 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 13 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 14 varies varie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 16 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 19 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 20 having have VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 22 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 23 pronounced pronounced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 24 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 590 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 2 might may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 4 useful useful JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 6 think think VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 8 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 9 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 11 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 14 producer producer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 16 consumer consumer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 17 model model NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 19 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 21 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 22 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 25 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 29 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 31 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 33 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 34 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 35 go go VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 37 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 39 customers customer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 591 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 4 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 5 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 8 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 9 inventory inventory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 13 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 16 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 19 delivery delivery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 22 customer customer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 592 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 4 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 6 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 7 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 11 highway highway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 14 marginating marginate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 15 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 17 temporarily temporarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 18 pulled pull VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 19 off off RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 22 side side NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 25 road road NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 593 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 2 health health NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 7 even even JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 8 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 10 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 13 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 16 customer customer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 594 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 3 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 6 steady steady JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 7 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 10 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 11 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 12 remain remain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 13 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 14 constant constant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 16 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 18 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 19 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 595 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 4 states state NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 6 perturb perturb VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 7 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 8 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 9 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 10 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 11 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 596 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 2 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 4 analogous analogous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 7 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 8 working work VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 9 below below IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 10 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 11 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 12 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 597 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 1 Ineffective ineffective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 2 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 4 analogous analogous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 6 goods good NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 9 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 10 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 14 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 15 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 16 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 18 damaged damage VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 19 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 20 manufacturing manufacturing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 22 never never RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 23 leave leave VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 25 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 598 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 2 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 3 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 5 analogous analogous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 8 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 9 meeting meeting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 10 increased increase VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 11 customer customer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 12 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 14 shipping ship VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 15 out out RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 16 unfinished unfinished JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 17 goods good NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 599 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 1 Cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 3 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 5 established establish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 6 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 8 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 10 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 12 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 13 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 15 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 16 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 18 analogous analogous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 21 factory factory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 22 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 23 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 24 had have VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 25 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 26 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 27 adjust adjust VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 28 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 29 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 30 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 33 meeting meet VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 34 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 35 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 36 efficiently efficiently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 37 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 38 increasing increase VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 39 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 40 output output NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 600 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 601 1 Eosinophilia Eosinophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 601 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 601 3 Basophilia Basophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 601 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 1 Eosinophilia Eosinophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 3 basophilia basophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 6 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 9 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 11 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 13 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 602 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 3 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 5 parasitism parasitism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 7 hypersensitivity hypersensitivity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 8 reactions reaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 10 paraneoplastic paraneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 11 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 15 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 17 mast mast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 19 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 21 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 22 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 26 nonparasitic nonparasitic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 27 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 28 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 603 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 1 Eosinophilia Eosinophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 5 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 7 hypoadrenocorticism hypoadrenocorticism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 9 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 10 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 11 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 15 hypereosinophilic hypereosinophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 16 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 604 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 4 eosinophilia eosinophilia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 6 basophilia basophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 8 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 10 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 12 basophilic basophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 13 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 16 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 19 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 21 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 22 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 23 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 605 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 3 cortisol cortisol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 4 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 6 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 8 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 9 eosinophilia eosinophilia JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 13 hypoadrenocorticism hypoadrenocorticism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 606 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 607 1 Monocytosis Monocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 607 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 1 Monocytosis Monocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 4 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 5 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 7 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 608 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 3 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 6 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 7 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 9 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 11 uncommonly uncommonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 13 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 15 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 16 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 18 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 20 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 21 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 24 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 25 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 609 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 2 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 3 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 4 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 5 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 6 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 8 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 9 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 12 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 13 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 16 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 17 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 610 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 2 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 3 monocytosis monocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 5 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 6 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 8 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 10 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 11 frequent frequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 13 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 16 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 18 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 20 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 611 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 1 Inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 3 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 4 monocytosis monocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 6 cytokine cytokine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 9 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 10 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 612 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 1 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 3 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 4 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 5 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 6 excess excess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 8 epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 9 excess excess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 613 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 1 Less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 2 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 3 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 5 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 7 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 9 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 10 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 11 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 13 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 16 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 17 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 20 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 614 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 1 Glucocorticoid glucocorticoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 2 excess excess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 4 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 5 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 7 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 8 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 10 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 11 administration administration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 13 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 16 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 17 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 18 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 21 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 22 leukogram leukogram NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 24 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 26 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 27 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 29 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 31 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 32 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 34 segmented segmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 35 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 36 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 37 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 38 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 41 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 43 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 44 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 45 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 46 monocytosis monocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 47 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 48 eosinopenia eosinopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 615 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 1 Mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 2 contributing contribute VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 4 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 6 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 7 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 10 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 11 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 616 12 • • XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 2 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 4 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 5 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 6 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 8 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 10 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 617 11 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 618 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 2 margination margination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 4 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 5 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 7 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 11 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 12 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 15 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 619 16 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 620 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 2 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 4 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 7 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 621 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 2 magnitude magnitude NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 4 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 5 tends tend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 8 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 9 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 13 having have VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 15 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 16 pronounced pronounced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 17 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 19 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 21 35,000 35,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 22 cells/µL cells/µL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 622 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 1 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 2 decreasing decrease VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 3 order order NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 5 responsiveness responsiveness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 7 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 9 30,000 30,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 10 cells/µL cells/µL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 13 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 15 20,000 20,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 16 cells/µL cells/µL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 20 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 22 15,000 15,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 23 cells/µL cells/µL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 25 having have VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 26 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 27 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 28 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 623 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 2 long long JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 4 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 5 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 6 excess excess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 8 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 9 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 10 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 12 normalize normalize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 14 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 15 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 16 persists persist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 624 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 1 Epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 2 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 3 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 6 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 7 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 9 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 11 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 12 leukocytosis leukocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 14 excitement excitement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 15 leukocytosis leukocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 17 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 19 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 20 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 22 like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 24 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 25 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 28 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 30 unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 32 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 33 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 625 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 4 short short JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 5 lived live VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 7 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 9 < < XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 10 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 11 hour hour NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 626 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 1 Neutrophilia Neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 3 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 4 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 7 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 12 marginating marginating NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 15 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 16 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 627 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 1 Physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 2 leukocytosis leukocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 6 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 8 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 9 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 12 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 13 stressed stress VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 14 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 16 collection collection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 19 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 21 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 22 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 24 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 27 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 29 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 628 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 1 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 3 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 6 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 7 recovering recover VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 9 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 13 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 15 redistribution redistribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 16 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 17 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 18 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 21 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 23 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 24 weeks week NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 25 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 26 splenectomy splenectomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 629 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 2 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 5 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 7 transient transient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 630 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 5 splenectomy splenectomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 7 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 10 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 11 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 12 normalizes normalize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 13 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 14 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 15 weeks week NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 631 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 3 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 4 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 5 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 6 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 7 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 8 regulates regulate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 9 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 13 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 14 portion portion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 17 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 18 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 20 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 23 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 26 makes make VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 27 sense sense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 28 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 29 splenectomized splenectomize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 30 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 31 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 32 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 632 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 4 reason reason NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 7 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 9 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 10 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 11 normalizes normalize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 13 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 14 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 17 weeks week NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 18 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 19 splenectomy splenectomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 21 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 22 Thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 633 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 1 Thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 6 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 8 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 15 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 16 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 18 nonspecific nonspecific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 19 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 21 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 22 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 634 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 3 vast vast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 4 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 6 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 8 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 10 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 11 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 13 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 15 another another DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 17 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 18 apparently apparently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 19 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 21 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 22 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 635 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 1 Examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 3 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 4 having have VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 5 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 6 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 7 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 8 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 10 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 11 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 13 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 14 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 16 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 18 endocrinopathies endocrinopathie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 21 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 636 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 1 Factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 4 contribute contribute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 6 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 7 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 9 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 11 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 13 thrombopoietin thrombopoietin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 15 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 16 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 20 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 24 catecholamines catecholamine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 637 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 1 Thrombocytosis Thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 4 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 6 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 7 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 9 Neutrophils Neutrophils NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 12 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 14 distributed distribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 16 five five CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 17 pools pool NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 18 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 20 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 21 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 22 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 23 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 26 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 27 mitotically mitotically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 28 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 30 inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 31 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 32 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 33 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 34 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 35 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 36 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 37 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 38 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 40 consisting consist VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 41 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 42 mitotically mitotically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 43 inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 44 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 45 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 46 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 47 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 48 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 49 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 50 marginating marginate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 51 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 52 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 53 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 54 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 55 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 56 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 57 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 58 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 59 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 60 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 61 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 62 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 638 63 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 2 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 3 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 5 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 6 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 8 represented represent VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 11 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 14 corresponding correspond VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 15 wedge wedge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 639 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 2 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 4 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 5 count count NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 6 measures measure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 7 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 8 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 11 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 12 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 14 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 17 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 18 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 19 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 22 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 24 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 25 demargination demargination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 28 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 30 diminished diminish VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 31 extravasation extravasation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 32 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 33 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 36 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 38 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 39 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 41 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 42 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 44 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 45 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 46 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 48 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 50 5 5 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 52 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 53 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 640 54 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 2 preceding precede VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 3 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 4 focused focus VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 5 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 6 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 9 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 641 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 4 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 5 acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 7 congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 8 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 9 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 10 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 11 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 13 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 16 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 642 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 2 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 3 briefly briefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 4 discusses discuss VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 5 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 8 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 10 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 11 occurring occur VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 12 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 15 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 643 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 2 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 7 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 8 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 11 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 14 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 16 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 17 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 644 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 1 Morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 2 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 3 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 5 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 6 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 7 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 10 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 12 provide provide VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 13 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 14 clues clue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 15 about about IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 16 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 18 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 645 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 1 Poikilocytosis Poikilocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 4 broad broad JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 5 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 6 referring refer VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 9 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 11 abnormally abnormally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 12 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 15 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 646 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 1 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 2 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 4 -1 -1 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 5 lists list NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 6 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 9 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 10 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 13 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 16 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 18 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 19 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 21 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 22 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 23 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 27 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 28 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 29 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 30 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 31 shows show NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 32 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 33 examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 647 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 2 acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 3 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 4 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 5 abnormality abnormality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 8 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 648 9 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 5 -20 -20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 7 reflects reflect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 8 accelerated accelerated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 9 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 11 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 13 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 16 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 17 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 649 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 1 Features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 3 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 4 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 6 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 7 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 8 basophilia basophilia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 11 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 13 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 14 bluegray bluegray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 15 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 16 inclusions inclusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 17 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 19 Döhle Döhle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 20 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 22 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 23 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 24 incidentally incidentally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 26 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 31 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 32 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 33 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 35 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 36 vacuolation vacuolation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 650 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 2 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 3 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 4 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 5 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 6 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 8 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 9 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 10 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 11 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 12 granulopoiesis granulopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 14 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 16 technically technically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 18 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 20 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 24 Döhle Döhle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 25 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 27 foci foci JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 29 aggregated aggregated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 30 endoplasmic endoplasmic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 31 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 651 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 1 Toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 2 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 4 accompany accompany VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 5 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 6 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 7 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 11 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 13 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 14 marked mark VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 16 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 17 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 20 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 22 index index NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 24 suspicion suspicion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 25 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 26 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 28 endotoxemia endotoxemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 652 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 2 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 3 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 5 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 9 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 10 morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 653 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 4 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 6 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 7 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 9 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 11 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 12 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 13 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 15 cancer cancer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 16 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 17 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 18 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 19 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 21 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 22 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 23 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 25 killing kill VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 26 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 29 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 30 burst burst NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 31 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 33 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 34 initiation initiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 36 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 654 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 3 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 5 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 6 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 9 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 655 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 1 Platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 2 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 3 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 8 thrombopathies thrombopathie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 10 thrombopathias thrombopathias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 14 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 16 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 656 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 2 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 4 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 6 suspected suspect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 8 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 10 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 11 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 13 hypofunction hypofunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 15 hyperfunction hyperfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 18 altering alter VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 19 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 20 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 21 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 22 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 25 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 26 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 27 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 28 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 29 fully fully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 30 understood understand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 657 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 1 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 2 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 3 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 4 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 5 shows show VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 6 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 7 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 8 having have VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 10 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 11 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 658 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 659 1 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 659 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 5 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 6 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 8 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 9 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 10 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 12 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 13 thrombocythemia thrombocythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 17 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 19 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 20 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 660 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 661 1 Lymphocytosis Lymphocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 661 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 1 Lymphocytosis Lymphocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 5 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 8 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 13 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 662 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 3 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 4 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 6 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 8 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 9 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 11 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 12 epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 14 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 15 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 17 hypoadrenocorticism hypoadrenocorticism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 20 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 21 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 22 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 23 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 24 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 26 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 27 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 30 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 663 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 1 Young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 3 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 4 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 5 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 6 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 8 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 9 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 10 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 11 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 14 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 15 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 16 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 17 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 19 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 20 counts count NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 21 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 22 exceed exceed VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 23 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 24 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 25 values value NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 664 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 2 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 5 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 6 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 9 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 10 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 11 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 15 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 16 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 17 pseudolymphocytosis pseudolymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 19 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 20 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 665 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 2 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 3 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 6 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 8 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 10 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 12 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 14 feature feature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 16 epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 18 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 19 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 20 leukocytosis leukocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 22 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 23 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 24 redistribution redistribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 26 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 27 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 29 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 30 marginating marginate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 31 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 32 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 34 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 35 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 36 pool pool NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 666 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 1 Epinephrine epinephrine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 4 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 7 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 8 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 9 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 10 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 12 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 16 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 17 counts count NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 19 > > $ cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 20 20,000/µL 20,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 22 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 23 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 667 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 1 Antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 2 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 6 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 8 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 11 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 13 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 14 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 16 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 18 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 19 30,000/µL 30,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 21 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 23 40,000/µL 40,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 25 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 27 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 28 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 30 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 31 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 32 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 33 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 35 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 37 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 38 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 39 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 40 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 41 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 42 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 43 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 44 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 45 immunologic immunologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 46 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 48 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 49 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 668 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 4 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 5 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 9 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 12 minority minority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 16 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 17 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 18 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 19 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 20 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 21 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 23 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 24 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 26 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 27 abundant abundant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 29 deeply deeply RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 30 basophilic basophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 31 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 33 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 34 open open JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 669 35 chromatin chromatin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 6 19 19 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 670 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 1 Just just RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 2 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 3 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 4 excess excess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 5 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 6 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 7 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 9 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 10 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 12 hypoadrenocorticism hypoadrenocorticism NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 14 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 15 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 16 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 19 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 21 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 22 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 23 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 25 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 26 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 27 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 28 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 30 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 31 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 32 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 33 lymphopenia lymphopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 671 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 3 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 5 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 6 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 8 PL PL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 10 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 12 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 13 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 14 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 16 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 17 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 20 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 21 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 22 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 24 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 672 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 4 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 7 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 11 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 14 above above IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 16 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 17 interval interval NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 19 at at RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 20 least least JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 21 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 22 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 673 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 2 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 4 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 7 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 8 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 10 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 12 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 15 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 674 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 3 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 5 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 8 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 10 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 11 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 13 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 675 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 3 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 4 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 6 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 8 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 9 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 10 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 12 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 13 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 16 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 17 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 18 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 19 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 20 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 21 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 22 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 23 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 676 25 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 677 1 Aplastic Aplastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 677 2 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 677 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 677 4 Aplastic Aplastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 677 5 Pancytopenia Pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 677 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 1 Aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 4 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 5 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 6 accurately accurately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 7 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 8 pancytopenia pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 12 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 13 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 14 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 16 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 18 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 19 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 21 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 22 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 23 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 27 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 28 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 29 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 30 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 678 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 3 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 7 misnomer misnomer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 8 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 9 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 12 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 13 limited limited JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 16 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 17 lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 679 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 4 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 8 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 10 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 11 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 12 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 13 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 15 idiosyncratically idiosyncratically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 16 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 17 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 18 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 21 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 22 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 23 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 25 nonhematologic nonhematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 26 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 680 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 2 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 3 list list NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 6 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 8 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 11 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 12 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 13 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 15 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 16 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 17 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 19 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 20 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 22 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 24 chemical chemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 25 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 27 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 28 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 29 cytotoxic cytotoxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 31 HSCs hscs NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 32 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 33 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 34 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 36 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 38 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 39 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 681 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 3 another another DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 4 proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 7 disruption disruption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 9 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 10 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 12 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 13 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 15 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 17 perturbation perturbation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 19 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 21 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 23 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 682 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 4 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 7 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 8 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 683 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 1 Aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 5 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 6 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 9 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 684 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 4 chemical chemical NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 5 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 6 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 8 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 685 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 3 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 6 show show VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 7 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 9 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 10 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 12 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 13 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 15 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 16 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 18 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 20 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 686 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 1 Severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 2 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 3 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 4 develops develop VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 5 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 6 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 7 week week NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 9 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 10 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 11 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 14 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 15 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 18 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 19 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 20 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 23 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 24 week week NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 687 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 2 sequence sequence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 5 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 8 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 9 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 10 spans span NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 12 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 14 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 17 health health NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 19 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 20 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 23 half half JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 25 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 27 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 28 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 29 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 30 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 32 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 33 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 34 circulate circulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 35 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 36 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 37 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 38 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 39 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 688 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 2 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 4 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 8 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 10 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 11 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 12 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 15 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 16 variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 689 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 2 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 4 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 7 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 8 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 9 how how WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 10 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 12 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 13 recovers recover VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 16 insult insult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 19 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 20 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 21 span span NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 24 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 25 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 690 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 6 hypocellular hypocellular NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 8 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 10 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 691 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 1 Hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 4 replaced replace VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 6 adipose adipose JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 7 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 10 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 13 variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 14 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 15 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 19 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 23 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 692 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 7 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 9 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 11 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 15 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 17 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 18 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 693 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 2 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 4 -21 -21 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 5 shows show VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 8 aspirates aspirate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 11 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 13 pancytopenia pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 15 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 16 5-fluorouracil 5-fluorouracil CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 17 toxicosis toxicosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 19 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 21 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 22 recovery recovery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 694 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 2 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 4 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 5 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 6 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 11 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 14 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 15 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 18 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 20 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 21 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 23 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 24 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 27 questionable questionable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 28 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 29 relevance relevance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 695 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 2 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 5 later later JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 6 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 7 covering cover VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 8 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 10 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 11 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 13 Invading invade VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 16 microorganism microorganism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 17 gain gain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 18 access access NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 21 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 22 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 24 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 25 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 26 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 27 hematogenously hematogenously NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 28 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 29 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 30 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 696 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 1 Trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 4 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 5 obvious obvious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 8 gaping gape VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 9 wound wound NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 11 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 12 subtle subtle JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 15 bite bite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 17 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 18 insect insect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 697 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 1 Portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 3 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 9 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 11 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 12 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 13 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 14 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 698 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 1 Diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 3 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 9 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 11 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 13 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 14 spread spread VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 16 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 17 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 18 hematogenously hematogenously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 699 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 5 encased encase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 8 protective protective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 9 shell shell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 11 cortical cortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 12 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 16 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 20 provides provide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 21 access access NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 23 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 24 humoral humoral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 26 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 27 defenses defense NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 700 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 1 Of of RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 2 course course RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 4 leukocytes leukocyte VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 5 themselves -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 6 function function VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 9 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 10 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 12 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 14 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 15 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 17 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 18 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 19 briefly briefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 22 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 23 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 24 Granulopoiesis Granulopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 26 Monocytopoiesis Monocytopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 28 Myelopoiesis Myelopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 32 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 33 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 34 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 35 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 36 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 38 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 701 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 1 Biochemical biochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 2 steps step NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 5 glycolytic glycolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 6 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 8 linked link VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 11 generate generate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 12 antioxidant antioxidant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 13 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 14 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 15 enable enable VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 16 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 18 withstand withstand VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 19 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 20 insults insult NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 21 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 23 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 24 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 26 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 702 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 4 producing produce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 5 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 8 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 10 adenosine adenosine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 11 triphosphate triphosphate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 13 ATP ATP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 16 glycolysis glycolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 17 generates generate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 18 NADH NADH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 20 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 21 helps help VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 22 convert convert VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 24 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 26 nonfunctional nonfunctional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 27 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 29 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 31 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 32 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 33 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 35 back back RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 36 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 37 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 38 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 40 reduced reduced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 41 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 703 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 1 Another another DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 2 antioxidant antioxidant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 3 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 4 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 5 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 8 pentose pentose JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 9 shunt shunt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 11 hexose hexose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 12 Uremia Uremia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 13 Antiplatelet Antiplatelet NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 16 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 17 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 18 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 20 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 21 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 704 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 705 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 705 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 705 3 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 705 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 705 5 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 705 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 1 Hyperglobulinemia Hyperglobulinemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 2 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 3 fibrinolytic fibrinolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 4 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 5 Hypoammonemia Hypoammonemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 6 Snake Snake NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 7 envenomation envenomation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 8 Platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 9 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 10 NSAIDs nsaids JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 12 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 14 aspirin aspirin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 17 reversible reversible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 18 inhibition inhibition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 20 cyclooxygenase cyclooxygenase JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 21 Colloidal colloidal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 22 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 23 expanders expander NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 25 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 27 hydroxyethyl hydroxyethyl NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 28 starch starch NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 706 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 2 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 4 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 5 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 7 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 9 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 10 Hematogenously Hematogenously NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 11 Direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 12 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 14 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 16 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 17 hypercellular hypercellular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 18 glomeruli glomerulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 20 thickened thicken VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 21 glomerular glomerular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 23 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 24 basement basement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 25 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 28 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 29 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 30 lipidosis lipidosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 32 degeneration degeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 35 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 707 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 2 porphyrias porphyrias NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 5 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 7 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 9 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 12 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 15 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 16 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 18 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 19 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 20 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 708 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 709 1 Pyruvate Pyruvate NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 709 2 Kinase Kinase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 709 3 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 709 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 1 Pyruvate pyruvate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 2 kinase kinase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 4 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 6 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 9 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 10 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 11 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 12 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 13 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 16 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 17 R r NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 19 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 20 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 21 isoenzyme isoenzyme NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 22 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 24 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 25 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 27 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 28 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 30 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 31 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 710 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 1 To to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 2 compensate compensate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 5 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 7 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 9 persistence persistence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 12 M2-type M2-type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 13 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 14 isoenzyme isoenzyme NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 18 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 19 stable stable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 20 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 22 R r NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 24 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 25 isoenzyme isoenzyme NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 711 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 4 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 6 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 7 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 8 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 10 fewer few JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 11 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 12 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 14 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 16 Abyssinian Abyssinian NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 18 Somali Somali NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 21 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 22 shorthair shorthair NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 712 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 1 Erythrocyte Erythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 2 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 3 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 4 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 7 ATP ATP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 8 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 10 shortened shorten VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 11 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 12 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 13 spans span VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 713 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 5 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 7 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 10 moderate moderate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 12 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 14 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 17 strongly strongly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 18 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 714 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 2 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 5 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 6 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 7 enhanced enhance VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 8 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 9 absorption absorption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 11 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 13 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 14 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 16 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 19 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 21 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 22 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 715 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 2 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 3 die die VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 4 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 5 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 7 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 8 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 10 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 12 hemochromatosis hemochromatosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 14 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 15 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 17 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 18 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 19 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 716 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 3 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 5 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 6 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 7 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 8 show show VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 9 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 11 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 13 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 14 milder mild JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 18 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 19 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 20 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 21 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 22 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 717 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 3 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 6 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 7 attributed attribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 12 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 13 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 15 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 16 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 17 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 20 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 21 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 718 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 3 end end NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 5 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 8 cirrhosis cirrhosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 10 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 13 osteosclerosis osteosclerosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 719 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 3 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 4 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 5 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 7 necessarily necessarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 8 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 10 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 11 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 12 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 14 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 15 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 17 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 18 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 20 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 21 assays assay NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 23 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 720 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 2 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 5 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 6 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 8 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 9 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 11 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 13 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 15 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 16 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 17 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 18 Abyssinian Abyssinian NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 20 Somali somali JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 23 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 24 shorthair shorthair JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 25 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 721 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 1 Cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 3 b b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 4 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 5 Reductase Reductase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 6 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 722 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 1 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 3 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 5 b b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 6 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 7 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 9 Cb5R Cb5R NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 12 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 14 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 15 reductase reductase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 19 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 20 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 21 catalyzes catalyze VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 23 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 25 methemoglobin methemoglobin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 27 Fe Fe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 28 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 29 + + SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 32 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 34 Fe Fe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 35 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 36 + + SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 39 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 40 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 41 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 42 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 43 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 44 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 45 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 48 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 49 shorthair shorthair JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 50 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 723 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 3 probably probably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 5 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 6 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 7 trait trait NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 724 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 4 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 5 cyanotic cyanotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 6 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 7 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 9 exercise exercise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 10 intolerance intolerance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 11 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 12 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 13 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 17 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 19 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 725 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 726 1 Life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 726 2 expectancies expectancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 726 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 726 4 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 726 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 727 1 Glucose-6-Phosphate Glucose-6-Phosphate NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 727 2 Dehydrogenase Dehydrogenase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 727 3 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 727 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 1 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 3 glucose-6-phosphate glucose-6-phosphate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 4 dehydrogenase dehydrogenase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 6 G6PD G6PD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 10 ratecontrolling ratecontrolling NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 11 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 14 pentose pentose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 15 phosphate phosphate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 16 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 18 PPP PPP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 21 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 22 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 23 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 25 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 26 American american JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 27 saddlebred saddlebred JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 28 colt colt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 30 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 31 dam dam NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 34 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 35 male male JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 36 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 728 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 2 PPP PPP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 5 antioxidative antioxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 6 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 8 generates generate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 9 NADPH NADPH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 12 maintains maintain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 13 glutathione glutathione NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 16 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 17 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 19 GSH GSH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 729 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 5 G6PD G6PD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 6 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 8 oxidants oxidant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 10 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 11 scavenged scavenge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 14 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 15 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 16 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 17 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 730 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 2 colt colt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 4 G6PD G6PD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 5 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 6 had have VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 7 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 8 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 12 eccentrocytes eccentrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 15 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 16 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 731 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 4 colt colt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 5 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 6 dam dam NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 7 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 8 had have VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 9 eccentrocytes eccentrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 12 showed show VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 13 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 14 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 15 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 732 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 733 1 Leukocyte Leukocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 733 2 Adhesion Adhesion NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 733 3 Deficiency Deficiency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 733 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 1 Leukocyte Leukocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 2 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 3 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 5 LAD lad NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 9 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 10 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 11 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 12 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 14 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 15 integrins integrin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 18 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 20 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 21 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 22 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 24 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 25 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 27 cluster cluster NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 29 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 31 CD CD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 734 33 18 18 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 735 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 735 2 CD18 CD18 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 735 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 735 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 735 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 1 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 3 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 6 Holstein Holstein NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 7 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 9 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 11 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 12 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 13 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 14 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 16 BLAD BLAD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 20 Irish irish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 21 setter setter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 22 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 24 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 25 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 26 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 27 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 28 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 29 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 31 CLAD CLAD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 35 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 36 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 37 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 736 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 1 Without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 3 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 5 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 6 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 7 molecule molecule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 9 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 11 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 12 impaired impair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 13 abilities ability NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 15 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 20 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 737 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 3 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 7 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 8 adhesion adhesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 9 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 11 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 12 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 14 nonsuppurative nonsuppurative NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 15 multisystemic multisystemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 16 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 738 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 1 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 2 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 4 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 5 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 7 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 8 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 9 five five CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 10 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 11 segments segment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 13 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 14 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 15 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 16 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 17 instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 18 focus focus VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 21 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 22 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 24 wellcharacterized wellcharacterized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 27 recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 28 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 29 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 739 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 740 1 Erythropoietic Erythropoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 740 2 Porphyrias Porphyrias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 740 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 1 Porphyrias Porphyrias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 4 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 6 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 7 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 9 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 10 porphyrins porphyrin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 11 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 14 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 15 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 17 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 18 heme heme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 19 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 741 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 1 Inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 3 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 5 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 6 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 8 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 9 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 11 Holstein Holstein NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 12 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 14 Siamese siamese JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 15 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 18 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 19 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 21 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 22 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 24 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 26 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 27 congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 28 erythropoietic erythropoietic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 29 porphyria porphyria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 31 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 32 erythropoietic erythropoietic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 33 porphyria porphyria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 35 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 742 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 1 Accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 3 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 4 porphyrins porphyrin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 7 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 8 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 11 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 12 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 14 porphyrins porphyrin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 16 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 18 fluids fluid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 19 produces produce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 20 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 22 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 23 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 25 brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 26 teeth tooth NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 28 bones bone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 31 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 33 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 34 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 36 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 37 -59 -59 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 743 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 4 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 7 photodynamic photodynamic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 8 porphyrins porphyrin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 12 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 14 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 15 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 17 photosensitization photosensitization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 20 nonpigmented nonpigmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 21 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 744 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 1 All all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 2 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 3 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 5 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 8 exhibit exhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 9 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 11 ultraviolet ultraviolet JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 12 light light NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 745 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 5 exhibit exhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 6 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 7 dermatitis dermatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 9 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 10 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 12 multisystemic multisystemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 13 porphyrin porphyrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 14 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 16 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 18 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 21 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 22 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 23 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 746 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 1 Cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 3 show show VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 4 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 6 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 747 8 , , . cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 3 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 4 exhibit exhibit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 5 oculocutaneous oculocutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 6 albinism albinism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 8 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 10 altered alter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 11 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 13 melanin melanin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 14 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 18 prone prone JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 20 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 22 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 748 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 1 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 2 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 3 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 4 reveals reveal VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 5 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 8 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 9 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 749 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 750 1 Glanzmann Glanzmann NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 750 2 Thrombasthenia Thrombasthenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 750 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 1 Glanzmann Glanzmann NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 2 thrombasthenia thrombasthenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 4 GT GT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 7 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 8 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 9 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 10 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 11 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 12 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 15 mutated mutated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 16 α α NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 17 IIb iib NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 18 subunit subunit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 21 integrin integrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 22 α α NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 23 IIb IIb NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 24 β β XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 25 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 27 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 28 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 29 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 30 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 31 IIb iib NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 32 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 33 IIIa iiia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 35 GPIIb GPIIb NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 36 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 37 IIIa IIIa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 751 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 2 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 7 Great Great NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 8 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 10 otterhound otterhound JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 13 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 14 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 15 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 19 quarter quarter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 20 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 23 standardbred standardbred NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 26 thoroughbred thoroughbred NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 27 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 28 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 30 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 31 Peruvian Peruvian NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 32 Paso Paso NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 33 mare mare NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 36 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 37 Oldenburg Oldenburg NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 38 filly filly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 752 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 2 α α NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 3 IIb iib NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 4 β β XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 5 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 6 molecule molecule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 8 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 9 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 12 best well RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 13 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 16 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 17 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 18 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 20 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 22 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 23 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 24 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 753 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 1 Bleeding bleeding JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 2 tendencies tendency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 3 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 4 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 5 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 6 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 7 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 9 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 10 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 12 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 13 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 754 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 7 in in FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 8 vitro vitro FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 9 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 11 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 13 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 14 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 15 agonists agonist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 17 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 18 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 19 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 20 retraction retraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 22 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 24 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 25 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 26 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 27 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 28 anticoagulant anticoagulant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 29 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 30 fail fail VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 31 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 32 clot clot VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 755 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 2 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 4 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 6 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 7 diseased diseased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 9 carrier carrier NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 10 states state NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 14 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 756 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 757 1 Thrombopathia Thrombopathia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 757 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 758 1 Calcium calcium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 758 2 diacylglycerol diacylglycerol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 758 3 guanine guanine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 758 4 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 758 5 exchange exchange NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 758 6 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 3 CalDAG CalDAG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 5 GEFI GEFI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 9 molecule molecule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 12 signaling signal VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 13 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 14 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 15 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 17 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 18 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 20 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 22 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 23 agonists agonist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 759 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 1 Mutated mutated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 2 CalDAG CalDAG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 4 GEFI GEFI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 7 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 9 basset basset NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 10 hound hound NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 12 Eskimo Eskimo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 13 spitz spitz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 16 Landseer Landseer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 17 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 20 Simmental Simmental NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 21 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 760 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 1 All all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 2 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 3 mutations mutation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 4 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 6 bleeding bleeding JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 7 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 761 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 2 vitro vitro FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 3 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 4 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 5 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 7 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 8 agonists agonist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 12 ADP ADP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 14 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 17 thrombin thrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 20 absent absent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 21 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 22 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 762 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 763 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 764 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 765 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 766 1 Oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 766 2 Agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 766 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 2 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 4 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 5 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 6 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 9 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 10 methemoglobinemia methemoglobinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 12 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 13 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 767 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 1 More more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 2 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 4 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 6 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 7 oxidants oxidant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 9 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 10 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 768 11 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 769 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 1 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 2 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 3 Acer Acer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 4 rubrum rubrum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 6 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 7 maple maple NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 770 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 771 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 772 1 Ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 772 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 772 3 Brassica Brassica NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 772 4 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 772 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 2 cabbage cabbage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 4 kale kale NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 7 rape rape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 10 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 11 hypersegmented hypersegmente VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 12 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 14 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 16 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 17 aging aging NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 18 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 19 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 20 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 26 22 22 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 773 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 4 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 5 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 7 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 9 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 10 die die VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 11 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 13 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 14 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 774 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 775 1 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 775 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 775 3 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 775 4 Anomaly Anomaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 775 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 1 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 3 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 4 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 6 PHA PHA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 10 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 12 hyposegmented hyposegmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 13 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 14 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 17 lamin lamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 18 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 19 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 20 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 776 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 3 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 4 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 10 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 13 rabbits rabbit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 15 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 17 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 18 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 777 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 2 Australian australian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 3 shepherd shepherd NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 4 dogs dog VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 6 mode mode NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 8 inheritance inheritance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 10 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 11 dominant dominant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 13 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 14 penetrance penetrance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 778 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 4 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 6 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 7 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 10 heterozygous heterozygous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 11 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 14 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 16 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 779 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 3 skeletal skeletal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 4 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 6 stillbirths stillbirth NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 8 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 9 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 10 mortality mortality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 12 accompany accompany VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 13 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 15 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 16 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 18 rabbits rabbit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 20 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 22 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 23 homozygotes homozygote NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 780 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 2 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 4 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 5 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 7 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 9 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 11 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 14 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 15 fail fail VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 17 segment segment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 19 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 21 band band NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 23 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 25 bean bean NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 27 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 29 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 30 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 31 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 781 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 3 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 4 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 6 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 8 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 11 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 12 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 13 shift shift NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 15 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 18 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 20 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 21 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 22 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 23 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 24 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 25 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 26 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 28 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 29 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 30 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 31 indicating indicate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 32 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 782 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 4 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 6 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 9 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 11 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 12 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 13 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 14 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 16 clumped clumped JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 18 chromatin chromatin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 20 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 21 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 22 show show VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 23 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 25 toxicity toxicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 29 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 30 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 31 23 23 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 783 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 2 acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 4 reversible reversible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 5 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 6 mimicking mimic VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 7 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 9 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 10 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 12 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 14 pseudo pseudo JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 16 Pelger Pelger NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 18 Huët Huët NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 19 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 22 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 23 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 25 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 27 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 28 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 30 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 32 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 33 drug drug NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 34 administration administration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 784 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 785 1 Chédiak Chédiak NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 785 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 785 3 Higashi Higashi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 785 4 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 785 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 1 Chédiak Chédiak NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 3 Higashi Higashi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 6 CHS CHS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 10 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 11 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 12 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 13 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 16 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 17 trafficking traffic VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 18 regulator regulator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 20 LYST LYST NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 22 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 786 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 5 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 7 Hereford Hereford NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 9 Brangus Brangus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 12 Japanese japanese JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 13 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 14 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 16 Persian persian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 17 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 20 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 21 nondomestic nondomestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 22 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 787 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 2 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 3 LYST LYST NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 4 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 5 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 7 granule granule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 8 fusion fusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 10 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 12 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 15 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 17 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 20 melanocytes melanocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 22 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 23 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 25 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 26 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 27 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 788 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 1 Individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 3 Chédiak Chédiak NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 5 Higashi Higashi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 8 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 9 impaired impair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 11 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 12 immunity immunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 13 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 15 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 17 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 18 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 19 chemotaxis chemotaxis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 22 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 23 killing killing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 25 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 27 cytotoxic cytotoxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 28 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 789 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 1 Platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 2 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 4 dense dense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 5 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 7 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 8 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 9 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 10 bioactive bioactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 11 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 12 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 14 hemostasis hemostasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 16 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 17 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 18 agonists agonist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 20 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 21 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 22 ADP ADP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 24 serotonin serotonin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 790 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 2 vitro vitro FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 3 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 4 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 6 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 7 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 791 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 3 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 7 Chédiak Chédiak NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 792 9 Higashi Higashi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 793 1 746.e1 746.e1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 1 CHAPTER chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 2 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 3 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 4 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 6 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 7 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 11 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 12 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 13 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 14 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 15 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 16 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 19 vWD vwd NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 23 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 24 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 25 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 26 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 27 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 28 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 30 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 31 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 32 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 33 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 34 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 35 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 36 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 37 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 38 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 794 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 3 actually actually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 4 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 7 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 9 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 10 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 11 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 14 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 16 qualitative qualitative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 17 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 19 vWF vWF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 795 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 2 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 5 multimeric multimeric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 6 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 9 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 11 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 12 α α NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 14 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 16 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 19 circulates circulate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 22 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 24 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 25 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 26 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 796 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 2 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 3 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 6 stabilize stabilize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 7 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 8 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 10 mediate mediate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 11 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 12 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 15 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 17 subendothelial subendothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 18 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 797 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 2 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 3 technically technically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 5 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 6 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 8 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 9 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 12 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 13 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 15 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 16 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 18 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 21 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 23 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 24 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 25 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 798 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 1 Different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 2 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 4 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 5 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 7 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 9 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 11 mode mode NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 13 inheritance inheritance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 15 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 17 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 799 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 1 Type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 2 I -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 3 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 4 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 7 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 9 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 11 vWF vwf IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 12 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 14 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 15 multimeric multimeric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 16 proportions proportion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 19 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 21 moderate moderate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 23 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 24 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 25 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 27 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 28 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 29 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 31 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 32 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 33 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 800 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 1 Type Type NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 2 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 3 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 4 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 7 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 9 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 10 vWF vwf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 11 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 13 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 15 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 16 multimers multimer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 20 moderate moderate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 22 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 23 bleeding bleeding JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 24 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 25 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 27 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 28 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 29 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 31 German german JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 32 short short JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 34 haired haired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 35 pointer pointer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 37 German german JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 38 wirehaired wirehaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 39 pointer pointer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 40 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 801 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 1 Type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 2 III III NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 3 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 4 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 7 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 9 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 11 vWF vwf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 14 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 15 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 16 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 17 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 18 familial familial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 20 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 21 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 22 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 23 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 24 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 26 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 27 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 28 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 802 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 2 buccal buccal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 3 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 4 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 5 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 7 prolonged prolong VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 9 von von NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 10 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 13 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 15 adequate adequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 16 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 18 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 20 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 21 prothrombin prothrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 22 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 24 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 25 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 26 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 28 PTT PTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 803 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 3 PTT PTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 6 mildly mildly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 7 prolonged prolong VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 8 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 9 vWF vwf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 10 stabilizes stabilize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 11 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 12 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 15 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 17 vWF vwf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 18 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 20 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 21 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 22 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 23 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 804 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 3 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 5 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 6 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 7 tendencies tendency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 9 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 12 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 14 Inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 15 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 16 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 17 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 18 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 19 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 20 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 22 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 23 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 24 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 26 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 27 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 29 prekallikrein prekallikrein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 31 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 32 I -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 34 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 36 VII VII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 38 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 40 IX IX NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 42 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 44 XI XI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 47 XII XII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 805 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 2 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 3 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 5 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 6 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 7 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 8 VIII VIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 10 hemophilia hemophilia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 11 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 14 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 15 IX IX NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 17 hemophilia hemophilia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 18 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 20 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 22 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 23 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 806 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 1 Hemophilia Hemophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 2 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 7 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 9 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 17 hemophilia hemophilia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 18 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 19 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 21 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 23 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 807 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 1 Both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 2 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 5 X x NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 7 linked link VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 8 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 9 mode mode NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 11 inheritance inheritance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 13 meaning mean VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 14 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 18 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 19 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 21 males male NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 808 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 2 males male NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 4 variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 5 tendencies tendency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 7 bleed bleed VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 9 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 12 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 15 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 17 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 19 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 22 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 24 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 25 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 28 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 29 individual individual NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 809 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 810 1 Carrier carrier NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 810 2 females female NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 810 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 810 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 810 5 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 810 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 1 Laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 2 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 4 reveal reveal VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 5 adequate adequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 6 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 8 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 9 prothrombin prothrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 10 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 13 prolonged prolong VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 14 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 15 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 16 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 811 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 1 Hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 2 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 4 γ γ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 6 glutamyl glutamyl NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 7 carboxylase carboxylase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 11 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 13 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 14 carboxylation carboxylation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 16 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 17 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 19 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 20 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 21 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 23 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 24 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 25 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 28 flock flock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 30 Rambouillet Rambouillet NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 31 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 33 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 34 Devon Devon NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 35 rex rex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 36 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 37 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 39 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 40 litter litter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 812 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 2 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 3 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 12 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 15 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 16 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 17 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 18 trait trait NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 20 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 23 premature premature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 24 stop stop NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 25 codon codon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 27 truncated truncated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 28 γ γ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 30 glutamyl glutamyl NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 31 carboxylase carboxylase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 813 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 2 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 6 lamb lamb NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 7 mortality mortality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 9 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 10 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 11 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 12 parturition parturition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 14 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 15 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 17 umbilicus umbilicus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 20 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 21 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 814 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 1 gingival gingival JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 2 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 4 epistaxis epistaxis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 7 hematuria hematuria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 9 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 10 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 12 injections injection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 14 venipuncture venipuncture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 17 surgery surgery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 815 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 1 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 2 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 4 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 6 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 7 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 9 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 11 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 13 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 16 hookworm hookworm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 17 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 19 puppies puppy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 816 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 3 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 7 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 9 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 10 ectoparasitism ectoparasitism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 14 pediculosis pediculosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 16 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 18 massive massive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 19 flea flea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 20 burden burden NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 22 kittens kitten NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 24 puppies puppy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 27 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 29 locations location NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 30 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 31 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 33 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 34 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 36 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 38 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 39 hemangiosarcoma hemangiosarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 42 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 43 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 45 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 46 repeated repeat VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 47 phlebotomy phlebotomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 48 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 49 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 50 donor donor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 51 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 817 52 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 1 Rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 2 growing grow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 3 nursing nursing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 7 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 8 deficient deficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 9 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 10 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 12 adults adult NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 13 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 14 milk milk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 16 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 17 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 19 poor poor JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 20 diet diet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 818 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 6 little little JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 7 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 8 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 12 fact fact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 14 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 819 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 2 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 3 exception exception NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 5 piglets piglet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 7 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 8 access access NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 10 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 14 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 17 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 18 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 19 thrive thrive VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 22 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 23 mortality mortality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 820 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 1 Neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 2 piglets piglet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 4 routinely routinely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 5 given give VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 6 parenteral parenteral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 7 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 9 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 10 reason reason NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 821 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 1 Copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 2 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 5 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 6 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 8 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 11 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 12 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 14 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 16 deficient deficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 17 forage forage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 19 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 20 usage usage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 22 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 23 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 24 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 25 dietary dietary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 26 molybdenum molybdenum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 28 sulfate sulfate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 822 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 3 believed believe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 5 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 6 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 7 impairs impair VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 8 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 10 ceruloplasmin ceruloplasmin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 13 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 15 containing contain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 16 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 17 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 19 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 20 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 21 absorption absorption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 823 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 2 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 6 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 7 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 8 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 824 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 4 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 5 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 7 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 10 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 13 absent absent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 15 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 16 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 18 depressed depressed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 825 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 2 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 3 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 5 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 6 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 7 obtaining obtain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 9 critical critical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 10 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 11 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 13 maturing mature VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 14 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 15 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 16 undergo undergo VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 17 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 19 divisions division NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 20 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 21 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 23 deficient deficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 24 states state NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 826 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 2 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 4 divisions division NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 5 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 7 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 8 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 10 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 11 microcytes microcyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 13 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 14 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 827 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 828 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 828 2 -15 -15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 828 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 828 4 G G NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 828 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 828 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 3 erythrocytes erythrocyte VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 5 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 6 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 7 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 9 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 10 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 11 microcyte microcyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 12 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 14 no no RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 15 longer longer RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 16 compensate compensate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 18 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 19 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 829 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 2 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 3 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 4 picture picture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 6 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 7 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 10 microcytic microcytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 12 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 14 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 15 MCV MCV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 18 hypochromic hypochromic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 20 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 22 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 23 MCHC MCHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 25 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 830 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 1 Microcytes Microcytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 3 hypochromasia hypochromasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 5 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 6 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 831 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 2 -15 -15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 4 G G NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 9 discernible discernible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 12 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 13 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 15 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 16 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 18 abnormally abnormally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 19 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 21 paler pale JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 23 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 25 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 832 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 1 Early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 2 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 3 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 6 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 7 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 9 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 10 continued continue VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 11 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 13 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 14 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 15 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 16 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 17 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 833 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 1 Additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 2 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 3 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 5 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 6 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 8 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 9 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 10 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 14 schistocytes schistocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 17 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 18 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 834 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 835 1 Hypophosphatemic Hypophosphatemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 835 2 Hemolytic Hemolytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 835 3 Anemia Anemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 835 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 1 Marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 2 hypophosphatemia hypophosphatemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 7 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 9 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 10 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 11 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 13 postparturient postparturient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 14 dairy dairy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 15 cows cow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 17 diabetic diabetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 19 receiving receive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 20 insulin insulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 21 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 836 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 2 postparturient postparturient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 3 cows cow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 5 hypophosphatemia hypophosphatemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 6 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 7 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 8 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 9 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 11 phosphorus phosphorus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 14 milk milk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 837 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 1 Insulin insulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 2 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 5 hypophosphatemia hypophosphatemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 7 shifting shift VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 8 phosphorus phosphorus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 11 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 12 space space NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 15 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 16 space space NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 838 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 839 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 839 2 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 839 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 839 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 839 5 marked mark VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 839 6 hypophosphatemia hypophosphatemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 2 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 4 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 5 mg mg NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 6 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 7 dL dl NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 9 cows cow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 12 ≤ ≤ NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 840 13 1.5 1.5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 1 mg mg NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 3 dL dl NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 5 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 8 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 10 decrease decrease VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 11 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 12 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 14 ATP ATP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 16 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 18 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 19 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 20 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 22 maintenance maintenance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 24 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 26 cytoskeletal cytoskeletal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 27 integrity integrity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 841 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 2 accompanying accompany VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 3 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 5 reducing reduce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 6 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 8 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 10 methemoglobin methemoglobin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 11 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 12 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 13 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 14 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 15 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 17 experimental experimental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 18 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 20 hypophosphatemic hypophosphatemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 21 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 22 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 24 dairy dairy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 25 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 27 suggesting suggest VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 28 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 29 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 30 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 31 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 32 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 33 contribute contribute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 34 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 35 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 842 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 4 anemic anemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 6 hemoglobinuric hemoglobinuric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 843 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 2 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 3 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 5 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 7 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 8 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 14 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 15 arising arise VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 18 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 19 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 20 derangement derangement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 24 discolored discolor VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 25 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 26 yellow yellow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 28 swollen swollen JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 29 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 30 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 32 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 33 lipidosis lipidosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 844 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 1 Renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 2 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 3 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 5 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 6 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 7 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 9 tubules tubule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 11 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 12 microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 845 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 2 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 3 covers cover VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 4 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 5 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 8 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 9 genus genus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 14 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 15 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 17 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 18 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 846 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 3 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 5 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 6 limited limited JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 7 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 8 specificity specificity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 10 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 12 cytauxzoonosis cytauxzoonosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 16 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 18 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 19 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 22 covered cover VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 24 later later JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 25 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 26 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 27 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 28 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 29 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 30 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 847 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 1 Throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 2 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 3 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 5 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 848 7 • • NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 3 Acetaminophen acetaminophen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 5 propofol propofol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 7 zinc zinc NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 8 • • CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 9 Cats Cats NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 11 Acetaminophen Acetaminophen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 13 propofol propofol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 15 propylene propylene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 849 16 glycol glycol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 850 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 851 1 All all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 851 2 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 851 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 851 4 Allium allium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 851 5 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 851 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 2 chives chive NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 4 garlic garlic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 7 onions onion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 852 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 2 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 5 maple maple NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 6 leaves leave NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 8 bark bark NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 10 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 12 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 13 wilted wilted JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 15 dried dry VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 16 leaves leave NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 853 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 2 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 3 principle principle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 5 believed believe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 8 gallic gallic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 9 acid acid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 854 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 1 Plants plant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 3 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 4 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 5 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 7 nitrates nitrate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 9 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 11 cabbage cabbage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 13 kale kale NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 16 rape rape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 19 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 20 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 21 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 23 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 24 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 25 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 27 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 28 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 29 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 30 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 32 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 855 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 3 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 5 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 6 prone prone JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 8 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 9 toxicosis toxicosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 10 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 12 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 13 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 856 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 8 chronically chronically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 9 accumulated accumulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 10 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 11 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 13 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 16 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 17 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 19 diet diet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 857 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 2 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 4 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 5 acutely acutely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 6 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 7 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 8 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 10 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 14 shipping shipping NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 16 starvation starvation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 858 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 1 Continuous continuous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 2 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 3 infusions infusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 6 anesthetic anesthetic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 7 propofol propofol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 9 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 10 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 11 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 12 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 14 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 859 18 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 1 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 4 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 5 doses dose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 8 expected expect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 10 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 11 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 12 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 860 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 1 Zinc zinc NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 2 toxicosis toxicosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 5 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 8 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 9 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 11 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 12 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 13 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 17 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 18 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 20 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 21 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 24 indiscriminate indiscriminate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 25 eating eat VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 26 habits habit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 861 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 1 Common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 2 sources source NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 4 pennies penny NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 6 batteries battery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 8 paints paint NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 10 creams cream NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 12 automotive automotive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 13 parts part NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 15 screws screw NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 17 nuts nut NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 20 coating coat VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 21 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 22 galvanized galvanize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 23 metals metal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 862 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 1 Propylene propylene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 2 glycol glycol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 5 odorless odorless JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 7 slightly slightly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 8 sweet sweet JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 9 solvent solvent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 11 moistening moisten VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 12 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 14 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 15 foods food NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 17 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 20 tobacco tobacco NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 21 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 863 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 4 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 5 generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 6 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 7 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 8 safe safe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 9 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 11 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 12 foods food NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 14 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 19 Food Food NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 21 Drug Drug NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 22 Administration Administration NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 24 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 25 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 26 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 27 banned ban VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 28 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 29 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 30 food food NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 31 since since IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 32 1996 1996 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 864 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 3 microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 6 show show VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 7 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 8 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 10 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 11 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 12 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 13 methemoglobinemia methemoglobinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 16 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 17 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 20 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 21 discussing discuss VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 22 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 24 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 25 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 26 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 28 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 29 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 31 Dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 32 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 33 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 34 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 35 Injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 37 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 38 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 40 Abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 41 Concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 42 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 43 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 44 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 46 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 865 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 2 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 4 copper copper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 5 toxicosis toxicosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 7 hemoglobinuric hemoglobinuric NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 8 nephrosis nephrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 10 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 11 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 13 gunmetal gunmetal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 15 colored color VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 16 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 18 port port NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 19 wine wine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 21 colored color VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 22 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 26 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 27 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 28 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 866 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 867 1 Snake Snake NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 867 2 Envenomation Envenomation NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 867 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 1 Hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 4 snake snake NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 5 envenomation envenomation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 6 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 8 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 10 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 15 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 868 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 3 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 4 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 7 viper viper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 9 pit pit NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 10 viper viper NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 11 envenomations envenomations NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 13 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 14 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 16 rattlesnakes rattlesnake NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 869 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 1 Hemolysins Hemolysins NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 2 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 3 viper viper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 4 venom venom NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 5 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 6 injure injure VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 7 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 9 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 10 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 11 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 870 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 4 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 7 action action NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 9 phospholipase phospholipase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 10 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 11 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 13 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 14 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 16 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 17 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 18 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 19 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 21 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 22 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 24 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 871 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 1 Nonhemolytic nonhemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 3 depend depend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 6 venom venom NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 7 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 8 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 9 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 12 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 13 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 15 paralysis paralysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 17 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 18 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 19 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 21 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 24 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 872 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 3 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 4 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 6 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 8 snake snake NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 9 envenomation envenomation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 11 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 12 ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 13 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 15 spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 17 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 18 echinocytes echinocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 20 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 21 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 873 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 7 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 874 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 875 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 1 Severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 2 malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 4 probably probably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 6 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 8 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 11 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 12 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 13 attributable attributable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 15 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 16 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 18 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 19 building building NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 20 blocks block NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 22 energy energy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 25 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 26 cofactors cofactor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 876 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 1 By by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 2 far far RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 5 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 6 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 7 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 8 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 9 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 10 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 12 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 14 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 15 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 877 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 2 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 3 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 4 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 5 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 8 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 10 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 12 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 878 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 1 Acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 2 cobalamin cobalamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 4 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 5 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 6 12 12 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 9 folate folate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 10 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 14 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 16 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 18 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 19 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 20 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 22 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 24 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 879 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 880 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 880 2 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 880 3 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 880 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 1 Iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 2 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 7 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 8 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 9 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 11 rather rather RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 12 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 15 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 17 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 18 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 19 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 20 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 22 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 881 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 4 route route NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 5 747.e1 747.e1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 6 CHAPTER chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 7 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 8 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 9 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 11 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 12 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 16 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 17 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 18 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 19 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 20 Antagonism Antagonism NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 22 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 23 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 24 leads lead VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 26 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 29 nonfunctional nonfunctional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 30 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 32 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 33 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 34 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 36 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 37 coagulopathy coagulopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 38 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 39 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 40 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 41 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 42 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 43 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 44 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 45 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 46 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 882 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 883 1 Conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 883 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 1 avitaminosis avitaminosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 2 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 4 poisoning poisoning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 6 coumarin coumarin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 8 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 9 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 11 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 12 malabsorption malabsorption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 14 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 15 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 18 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 20 soluble soluble JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 21 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 23 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 25 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 26 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 27 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 28 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 29 impaired impair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 30 biliary biliary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 31 outflow outflow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 33 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 36 dietary dietary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 37 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 39 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 42 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 43 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 44 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 45 interfere interfere VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 46 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 47 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 48 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 49 absorption absorption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 50 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 51 usage usage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 884 52 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 2 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 4 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 5 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 6 - - , cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 7 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 8 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 10 VII VII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 12 IX IX NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 15 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 17 collectively collectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 18 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 21 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 22 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 24 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 25 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 28 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 29 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 30 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 32 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 33 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 34 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 35 C c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 37 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 38 S S NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 39 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 40 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 41 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 42 carboxylation carboxylation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 43 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 44 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 45 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 885 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 2 posttranslational posttranslational JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 3 modification modification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 5 catalyzed catalyze VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 8 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 9 γ γ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 11 glutamyl glutamyl NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 12 carboxylase carboxylase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 15 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 16 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 17 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 20 cofactor cofactor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 886 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 1 Vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 2 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 4 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 5 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 7 carboxylation carboxylation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 8 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 11 converted convert VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 12 back back RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 13 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 15 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 16 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 17 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 20 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 21 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 22 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 23 epoxide epoxide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 24 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 887 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 1 Coumarin coumarin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 3 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 4 rodenticides rodenticide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 6 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 8 warfarin warfarin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 10 act act VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 12 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 13 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 14 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 15 epoxide epoxide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 16 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 18 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 20 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 21 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 23 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 24 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 27 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 28 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 29 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 31 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 32 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 34 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 35 -2 -2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 888 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 2 inhibition inhibition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 3 lasts last VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 4 until until IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 6 rodenticide rodenticide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 8 metabolized metabolize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 10 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 889 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 1 How how WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 2 long long RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 4 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 5 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 8 half half JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 10 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 13 rodenticide rodenticide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 15 dose dose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 17 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 19 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 20 take take VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 21 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 22 weeks week NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 890 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 1 Secondgeneration secondgeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 2 rodenticides rodenticide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 6 bromadoline bromadoline NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 8 brodifacoum brodifacoum NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 11 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 12 potent potent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 13 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 14 warfarin warfarin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 17 longer long JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 18 half half RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 20 lives life NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 891 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 1 Spoiled spoiled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 2 sweet sweet JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 3 clover clover NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 4 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 5 dicumarol dicumarol NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 7 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 8 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 9 coagulopathy coagulopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 12 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 13 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 892 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 1 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 2 Figure figure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 4 -2 -2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 5 Mechanism Mechanism NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 7 Anticoagulant Anticoagulant NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 8 Rodenticide Rodenticide NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 9 Toxicity toxicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 893 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 1 Anticoagulant anticoagulant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 2 rodenticides rodenticide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 3 inhibit inhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 5 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 7 converts convert VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 8 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 9 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 10 back back RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 13 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 14 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 15 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 894 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 895 1 Active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 895 2 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 895 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 895 4 carboxylated carboxylated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 895 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 1 Inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 2 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 4 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 6 VII VII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 8 IX IX NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 10 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 896 12 = = NFP cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 1 Inactivation inactivation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 3 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 4 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 5 epoxide epoxide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 6 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 11 maintains maintain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 12 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 13 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 16 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 17 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 18 Vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 19 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 20 epoxide epoxide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 22 inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 897 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 1 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 2 X X NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 3 Laboratory Laboratory NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 4 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 6 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 7 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 8 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 10 prothrombin prothrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 11 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 13 PT PT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 16 PTT PTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 19 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 20 clotting clotting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 21 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 23 ACT ACT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 898 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 1 Early early RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 4 course course NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 6 rodenticide rodenticide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 8 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 9 toxicoses toxicose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 11 PT PT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 15 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 16 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 18 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 19 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 20 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 22 prolonged prolong VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 23 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 24 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 25 VII VII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 26 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 28 shortest short JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 29 half half JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 31 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 34 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 35 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 36 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 37 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 38 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 899 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 4 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 5 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 6 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 7 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 9 nonfunctional nonfunctional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 10 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 14 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 15 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 900 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 2 uncomplicated uncomplicated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 5 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 8 thrombocytopenic thrombocytopenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 901 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 2 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 3 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 5 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 6 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 8 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 10 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 11 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 13 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 14 ecchymoses ecchymosis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 16 epistaxis epistaxis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 18 gingival gingival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 19 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 21 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 23 hemoptysis hemoptysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 25 melena melena NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 27 hematochezia hematochezia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 29 hematuria hematuria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 32 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 33 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 35 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 902 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 6 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 9 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 11 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 12 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 13 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 15 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 903 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 5 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 7 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 10 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 11 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 12 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 904 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 2 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 4 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 6 rodenticide rodenticide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 8 related related JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 9 toxicoses toxicose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 11 regular regular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 12 administration administration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 14 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 15 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 16 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 17 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 18 until until IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 20 toxin toxin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 22 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 24 determined determine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 26 repeat repeat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 27 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 28 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 29 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 30 withholding withhold VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 31 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 905 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 1 Babesiosis babesiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 3 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 4 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 6 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 9 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 10 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 11 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 14 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 17 innocent innocent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 18 bystander bystander NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 19 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 22 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 23 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 25 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 26 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 27 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 906 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 3 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 4 virulent virulent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 5 strains strain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 8 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 9 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 907 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 2 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 5 massive massive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 6 immunostimulation immunostimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 8 cytokine cytokine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 9 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 10 cause cause IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 11 circulatory circulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 12 disturbances disturbance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 15 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 16 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 18 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 20 induction induction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 23 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 24 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 25 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 28 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 29 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 30 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 31 syndromes syndrome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 908 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 1 Babesia babesia JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 6 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 9 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 11 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 15 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 909 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 1 Infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 5 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 6 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 8 capillary capillary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 11 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 13 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 14 made make VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 16 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 17 taken take VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 18 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 20 pinna pinna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 23 ear ear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 26 nail nail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 27 bed bed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 28 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 29 increase increase VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 31 likelihood likelihood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 33 detecting detect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 34 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 35 microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 910 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 1 Buffy Buffy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 2 coat coat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 3 smears smear VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 7 enriched enriched JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 8 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 10 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 11 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 911 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 3 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 4 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 8 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 9 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 11 detecting detect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 12 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 16 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 17 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 18 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 20 parasitemia parasitemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 912 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 1 At at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 2 necropsy necropsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 4 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 5 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 7 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 8 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 10 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 12 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 13 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 14 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 15 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 17 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 19 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 21 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 22 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 24 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 25 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 28 reddish reddish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 30 brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 31 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 913 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 2 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 6 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 8 oozes ooze VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 914 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 2 gallbladder gallbladder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 5 distended distend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 7 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 8 bile bile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 915 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 1 Less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 2 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 6 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 8 ascites ascites NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 11 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 13 petechiae petechia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 16 ecchymoses ecchymosis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 18 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 20 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 22 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 24 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 916 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 1 Parasitized parasitized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 4 best well RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 5 visualized visualize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 7 impression impression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 8 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 11 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 13 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 16 skeletal skeletal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 17 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 917 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 1 Microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 2 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 5 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 7 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 9 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 12 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 13 crisis crisis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 15 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 16 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 18 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 19 degeneration degeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 21 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 23 periacinar periacinar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 24 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 26 cholestasis cholestasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 29 hemoglobinuric hemoglobinuric NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 30 nephrosis nephrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 31 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 32 degeneration degeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 34 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 35 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 918 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 1 Erythroid Erythroid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 2 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 4 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 7 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 919 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 3 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 4 survive survive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 6 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 9 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 11 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 12 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 15 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 17 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 19 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 22 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 23 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 920 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 2 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 6 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 8 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 11 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 12 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 15 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 921 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 922 1 Theileriosis Theileriosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 922 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 922 3 Piroplasmosis Piroplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 922 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 922 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 923 1 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 923 2 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 923 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 1 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 2 tick tick NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 4 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 5 protozoal protozoal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 6 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 8 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 9 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 10 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 12 wild wild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 14 worldwide worldwide RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 924 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 925 1 Numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 925 2 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 925 3 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 925 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 1 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 2 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 3 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 5 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 6 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 8 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 9 economically economically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 11 regionally regionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 12 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 13 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 15 mentioned mention VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 16 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 926 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 1 Diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 4 greatest great JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 5 economic economic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 6 impact impact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 8 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 10 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 11 Coast Coast NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 927 12 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 2 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 3 parva parva NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 4 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 7 tropical tropical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 928 8 theileriosis theileriosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 929 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 929 2 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 929 3 annulata annulata NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 929 4 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 929 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 929 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 2 Horses Horses NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 4 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 5 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 7 formerly formerly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 8 Babesia babesia JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 9 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 930 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 931 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 3 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 4 annulata annulata NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 6 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 7 buffeli buffeli NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 932 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 933 1 T. T. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 933 2 parva parva NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 934 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 1 Sheep Sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 3 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 4 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 5 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 6 lestoquardi lestoquardi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 8 formerly formerly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 9 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 10 hirci hirci NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 935 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 1 Like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 2 babesiosis babesiosi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 4 theileriosis theileriosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 6 generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 7 restricted restrict VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 9 tropical tropical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 11 subtropical subtropical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 12 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 15 parts part NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 17 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 19 Asia Asia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 22 Middle Middle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 23 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 26 Europe Europe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 936 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 1 Except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 2 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 3 T. t. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 4 buffeli buffeli NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 6 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 7 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 8 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 9 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 11 exotic exotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 14 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 15 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 937 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 3 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 5 schizonts schizont NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 9 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 12 pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 13 intraerythrocytic intraerythrocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 14 piroplasms piroplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 16 merozoites merozoite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 18 trophozoites trophozoite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 938 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 2 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 3 leukocytes leukocyte VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 5 parasite parasite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 6 induces induce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 7 leukocyte leukocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 8 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 9 division division NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 12 expands expand VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 14 parasitized parasitized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 15 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 16 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 939 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 1 Infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 3 disseminate disseminate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 4 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 7 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 8 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 10 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 13 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 940 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 2 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 3 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 5 block block VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 6 capillaries capillary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 8 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 9 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 10 ischemia ischemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 941 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 1 Later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 3 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 4 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 5 schizonts schizont NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 6 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 7 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 8 lysis lysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 10 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 12 merozoites merozoite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 942 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 1 Merozoites merozoite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 2 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 3 invade invade VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 5 parasitize parasitize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 8 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 943 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 1 Possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 6 theileriosis theileriosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 7 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 8 invasion invasion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 10 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 11 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 13 merozoite merozoite NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 14 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 16 associated associated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 17 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 18 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 21 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 23 T. T. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 24 parva parva NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 25 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 28 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 30 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 31 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 33 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 34 fragmentation fragmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 35 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 37 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 38 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 39 microthrombi microthrombi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 41 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 42 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 43 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 44 proteases protease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 47 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 48 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 944 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 3 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 6 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 8 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 10 babesiosis babesiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 12 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 13 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 14 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 16 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 17 Coast Coast NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 18 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 19 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 20 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 22 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 23 organized organize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 25 taxonomy taxonomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 27 protozoal protozoal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 29 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 31 rickettsial rickettsial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 34 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 945 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 946 1 Babesiosis babesiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 946 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 946 3 Piroplasmosis Piroplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 946 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 946 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 947 1 Babesia Babesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 947 2 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 947 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 948 1 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 948 2 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 948 3 spp spp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 948 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 2 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 5 next next JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 6 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 9 members member NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 12 order order NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 13 Piroplasmida Piroplasmida NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 17 generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 18 referenced reference VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 20 piroplasms piroplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 949 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 4 morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 5 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 6 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 8 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 9 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 10 cycles cycle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 11 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 12 Babesia Babesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 13 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 950 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 1 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 2 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 3 erythrocytic erythrocytic VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 4 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 6 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 7 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 8 spp spp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 951 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 1 sequentially sequentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 2 parasitize parasitize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 3 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 5 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 952 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 1 Both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 3 protozoan protozoan NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 4 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 5 spread spread VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 7 ticks tick NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 10 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 11 modes mode NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 13 transmission transmission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 15 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 19 biting bite VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 20 flies fly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 22 transplacental transplacental NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 25 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 26 transfusions transfusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 953 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 3 accumulating accumulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 4 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 5 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 6 fighting fighting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 8 transmits transmit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 9 Babesia Babesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 10 gibsoni gibsoni NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 11 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 954 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 1 Babesia babesia JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 4 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 5 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 9 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 11 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 12 µm µm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 15 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 17 < < XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 18 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 19 µm µm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 22 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 23 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 24 microscopy microscopy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 28 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 29 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 30 24 24 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 955 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 1 Over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 2 100 100 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 3 Babesia Babesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 4 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 7 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 9 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 13 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 14 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 16 along along IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 19 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 20 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 21 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 23 parentheses parenthesis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 24 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 25 Geographic geographic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 26 distributions distribution NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 27 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 28 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 30 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 32 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 33 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 34 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 35 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 36 prevalences prevalence NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 38 tropical tropical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 40 subtropical subtropical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 41 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 956 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 4 equine equine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 6 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 7 babesiosis babesiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 9 endemic endemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 11 parts part NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 13 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 16 Middle Middle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 17 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 19 Asia Asia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 21 Central Central NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 23 South South NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 24 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 27 Caribbean Caribbean NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 30 Europe Europe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 957 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 1 Both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 2 were be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 3 eradicated eradicate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 6 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 7 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 10 now now RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 11 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 12 exotic exotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 13 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 15 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 16 country country NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 958 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 3 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 4 mentioned mention VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 5 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 7 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 8 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 10 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 11 babesiosis babesiosi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 13 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 16 endemic endemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 19 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 20 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 959 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 960 1 Fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 960 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 1 Anaplasmosis Anaplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 3 ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 5 heartwater heartwater NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 8 tick tick VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 10 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 11 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 13 tick tick NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 15 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 16 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 17 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 19 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 21 pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 23 Gramnegative Gramnegative NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 25 obligate obligate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 26 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 27 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 28 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 30 order order NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 31 Rickettsiaceae Rickettsiaceae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 33 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 34 colloquially colloquially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 35 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 36 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 37 rickettsias rickettsias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 961 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 3 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 5 rickettsias rickettsias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 6 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 7 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 8 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 11 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 962 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 1 Rickettsias Rickettsias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 3 predominantly predominantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 4 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 5 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 963 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 964 1 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 964 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 964 3 Rickettsia Rickettsia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 964 4 rickettsii rickettsii NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 2 Rocky Rocky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 3 Mountain Mountain NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 4 spotted spot VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 5 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 10 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 11 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 12 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 965 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 1 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 3 Neorickettsia Neorickettsia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 4 helminthoeca helminthoeca NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 6 salmon salmon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 7 poisoning poisoning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 11 Neorickettsia Neorickettsia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 12 risticii risticii NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 14 Potomac Potomac NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 15 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 16 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 20 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 21 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 23 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 24 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 25 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 27 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 966 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 1 Less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 2 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 4 transmission transmission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 7 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 9 transfusions transfusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 13 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 14 medical medical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 15 supplies supply NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 967 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 1 Rickettsias Rickettsias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 3 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 7 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 8 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 12 name name NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 13 follows follow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 15 parentheses parenthesis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 968 17 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 2 Cattle Cattle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 4 Anaplasma Anaplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 5 marginale marginale NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 7 Anaplasma Anaplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 8 centrale centrale NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 10 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 11 anaplasmosis anaplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 969 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 970 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 1 Sheep Sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 3 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 4 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 5 Anaplasma Anaplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 6 ovis ovis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 8 ovine ovine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 10 caprine caprine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 11 anaplasmosis anaplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 13 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 971 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 1 Anaplasma Anaplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 2 marginale marginale NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 4 A. a. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 5 ovis ovis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 7 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 8 distributions distribution NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 11 A. A. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 12 centrale centrale NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 14 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 15 restricted restricted JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 17 South South NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 18 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 20 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 24 Middle Middle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 25 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 972 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 973 1 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 973 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 973 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 2 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 3 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 4 Coast Coast NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 5 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 8 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 10 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 12 edematous edematous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 15 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 974 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 1 But but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 3 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 4 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 5 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 8 shrunken shrunken JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 975 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 4 splenomegaly splenomegaly JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 6 hepatomegaly hepatomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 9 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 10 enteritis enteritis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 12 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 13 foci foci NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 16 infiltrates infiltrate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 18 pseudoinfarcts pseudoinfarcts NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 22 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 24 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 976 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 3 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 4 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 6 block block VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 7 capillaries capillary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 977 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 978 1 African African NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 978 2 Trypanosomiasis Trypanosomiasis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 978 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 1 Trypanosomes trypanosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 3 flagellated flagellate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 4 protozoa protozoan NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 5 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 7 infect infect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 8 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 9 domesticated domesticate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 10 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 979 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 4 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 5 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 6 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 9 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 10 congolense congolense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 12 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 13 vivax vivax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 16 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 17 brucei brucei NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 18 ssp ssp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 980 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 981 1 brucei brucei NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 981 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 1 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 3 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 6 parts part NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 8 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 9 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 11 biologic biologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 12 vector vector NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 15 tsetse tsetse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 16 fly fly VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 18 exists exist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 982 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 3 T. T. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 4 vivax vivax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 6 spread spread VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 8 Central Central NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 10 South South NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 11 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 14 Caribbean Caribbean NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 16 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 18 biting bite VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 19 flies fly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 20 transmit transmit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 22 parasite parasite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 23 mechanically mechanically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 983 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 2 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 4 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 6 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 7 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 8 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 11 feeding feeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 12 preferences preference NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 15 tsetse tsetse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 16 fly fly VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 984 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 1 African african JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 2 trypanosomiasis trypanosomiasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 3 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 5 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 6 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 7 nonpathogenic nonpathogenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 8 trypanosomiasis trypanosomiasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 12 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 13 theileri theileri VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 14 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 16 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 985 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 1 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 2 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 3 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 4 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 5 feeding feed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 6 tsetse tsetse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 7 flies fly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 8 inoculate inoculate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 9 metacyclic metacyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 10 trypanosomes trypanosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 11 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 13 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 15 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 986 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 2 trypanosomes trypanosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 3 grow grow VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 6 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 7 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 9 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 11 localized localized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 12 chancre chancre NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 13 sore sore JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 16 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 17 sequentially sequentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 18 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 20 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 21 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 23 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 987 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 1 Trypanosomal trypanosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 3 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 5 infect infect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 6 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 7 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 8 rather rather RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 9 exist exist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 11 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 12 trypomastigotes trypomastigote NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 14 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 16 flagellated flagellated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 17 protozoa protozoan NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 20 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 21 undulating undulating JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 22 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 26 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 30 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 31 -25 -25 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 33 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 35 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 36 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 37 amastigotes amastigote NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 38 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 39 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 988 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 6 believed believe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 9 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 10 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 989 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 3 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 4 trypanosomiasis trypanosomiasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 6 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 9 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 10 initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 12 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 15 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 16 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 18 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 990 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 2 extent extent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 4 parasitemia parasitemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 6 readily readily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 7 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 9 T. t. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 10 vivax vivax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 12 T. t. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 13 theileri theileri NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 14 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 15 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 17 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 19 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 21 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 22 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 25 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 991 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 4 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 6 T. t. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 7 congolense congolense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 9 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 10 localizes localize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 11 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 13 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 16 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 18 skeletal skeletal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 19 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 992 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 1 Chronically chronically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 2 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 5 die die VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 6 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 8 poor poor JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 9 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 10 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 12 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 15 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 16 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 993 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 2 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 6 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 9 reveals reveal VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 10 generalized generalize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 11 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 13 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 16 petechiae petechia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 17 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 18 serosal serosal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 19 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 994 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 2 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 3 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 8 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 10 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 12 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 14 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 19 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 20 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 21 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 24 widespread widespread JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 25 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 27 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 28 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 995 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 1 Main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 5 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 7 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 11 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 15 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 17 atrophied atrophy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 18 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 19 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 22 emaciation emaciation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 24 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 25 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 28 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 30 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 31 fluid fluid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 33 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 34 cavities cavity NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 37 serous serous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 38 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 39 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 40 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 996 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 1 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 2 cruzi cruzi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 5 flagellated flagellated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 6 protozoal protozoal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 7 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 9 American american JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 10 trypanosomiasis trypanosomiasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 997 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 1 Infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 2 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 3 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 4 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 6 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 7 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 8 100 100 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 9 mammal mammal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 10 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 12 South South NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 13 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 15 Central Central NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 16 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 20 southern southern JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 21 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 22 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 24 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 25 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 27 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 28 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 29 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 31 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 32 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 33 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 34 hosts host NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 998 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 1 Infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 2 triatomine triatomine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 3 insects insect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 6 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 7 kissing kiss VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 8 bugs bug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 10 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 11 defecate defecate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 14 feed feed VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 17 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 18 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 20 releasing release VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 21 infective infective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 22 T. T. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 23 cruzi cruzi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 24 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 999 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 2 parasite parasite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 3 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 4 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 6 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 7 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 8 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 9 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 11 breaks break NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 14 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1000 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 1 Like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 3 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 4 trypanosomes trypanosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 5 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 6 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 8 T. T. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 9 cruzi cruzi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 10 lives live VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 15 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 16 trypomastigotes trypomastigote NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 18 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1001 21 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 2 -25 -25 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 4 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 11 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 12 amastigotes amastigote NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1002 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 1 Trypanosoma Trypanosoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 2 cruzi cruzi VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 3 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 4 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 5 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1003 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 1 Lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 3 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 7 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 8 myocardium myocardium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 10 subendocardial subendocardial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 12 subepicardial subepicardial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 13 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 16 yellowish yellowish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 18 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 19 spots spot NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 21 streaks streak NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1004 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 5 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 6 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 8 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 11 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 13 ascites ascites NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 16 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 19 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 21 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 24 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1005 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 2 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 5 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 8 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 10 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 12 thin thin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 13 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1006 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 6 myocarditis myocarditis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 8 amastigotes amastigote NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 10 cardiomyocytes cardiomyocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1007 12 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 4 rickettsias rickettsia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 6 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 7 distributions distribution NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1008 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 3 E. E. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 4 ewingii ewingii NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 7 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 8 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 11 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 12 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 15 E. E. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 16 ruminantium ruminantium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 18 endemic endemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 19 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 21 parts part NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 23 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 26 Caribbean Caribbean NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1009 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 2 A. A. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 3 phagocytophilum phagocytophilum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 6 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 7 geographic geographic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 8 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 10 strain strain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 11 variants variant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 13 regionally regionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 14 restricted restrict VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1010 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 4 A. a. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 5 phagocytophilum phagocytophilum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 6 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 9 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 11 Europe Europe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 15 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 16 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 17 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 18 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 20 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 23 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 24 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1011 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 1 Reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 4 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 6 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 7 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 9 rickettsial rickettsial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 10 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1012 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 4 reservoir reservoir NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 5 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 7 E. E. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 8 ruminantium ruminantium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 10 canids canid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 13 reservoir reservoir NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 14 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 16 A. a. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 17 platys platy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 19 E. E. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 20 canis canis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 24 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 25 rickettsias rickettsia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 26 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 27 wildlife wildlife NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 28 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1013 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 1 Pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 4 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 5 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 6 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 8 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 11 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 12 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1014 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 1 Those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 2 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 3 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 4 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 5 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 7 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 8 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 10 increased increase VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 12 permeability permeability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 14 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 16 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1015 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 2 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 3 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 5 lost lose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 7 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 8 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 10 hypotension hypotension NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 12 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 13 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1016 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 3 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 4 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 5 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 6 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 7 microvascular microvascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 8 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 11 potential potential NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 13 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 14 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 15 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 17 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 18 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 19 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 22 hypotension hypotension NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1017 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 3 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 5 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 6 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 8 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 9 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 10 lysis lysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 12 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 14 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 15 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 18 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 19 sequestration sequestration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 20 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 22 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1018 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 1 Pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 3 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 4 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 6 unclear unclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 10 involve involve VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 11 sepsis sepsis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 13 inhibited inhibited JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 14 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 15 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 17 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 19 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 22 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 23 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1019 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 1 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 2 E. E. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 3 canis canis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 4 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 6 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 7 aplastic aplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 10 pancytopenia pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 12 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 13 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 14 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1020 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 2 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 5 German german JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 6 shepherd shepherd NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 9 ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 11 predisposed predisposed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 13 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 14 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 15 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1021 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 2 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 4 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 6 Bos Bos NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 7 taurus taurus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 10 sheep sheep NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 12 merino merino NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 16 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 18 Angora Angora NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 20 Saanen Saanen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 23 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 24 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 26 heartwater heartwater NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1022 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 1 Upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 3 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 4 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 6 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 9 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 10 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 11 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 12 abnormality abnormality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 13 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 16 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 17 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 18 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 19 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1023 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 2 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 3 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 5 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 10 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 11 morulae morulae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 15 clusters cluster NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 17 rickettsial rickettsial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 18 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 19 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 20 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 22 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 24 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 25 vacuoles vacuole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 29 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 30 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 31 27 27 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1024 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 1 Examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 3 buffy buffy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 4 coat coat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 5 smears smear VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 6 increases increase VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 8 probability probability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 10 detecting detect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 12 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1025 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 2 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 5 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 7 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 9 granular granular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1026 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 1 Anaplasma anaplasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 2 platys platy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 4 recurrent recurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 5 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 6 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1027 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 2 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 4 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 5 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 6 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 7 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 9 splenomegaly splenomegaly JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 11 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 15 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 17 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1028 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 1 More More JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 2 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 6 exhibit exhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 7 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 8 petechiae petechia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 10 ecchymoses ecchymosis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 13 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 14 anaplasmosis anaplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 15 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 16 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 17 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 19 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 21 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 22 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 23 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1029 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 2 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 6 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 8 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 10 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1030 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 1 Infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 2 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 3 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 4 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 5 year year NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 7 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 8 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 9 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 13 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 14 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 15 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 16 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 18 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 20 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 22 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 23 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 24 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 25 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 26 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 28 potentially potentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 29 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 31 illness illness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1031 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 2 reason reason NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 5 discrepancy discrepancy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 7 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 8 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1032 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 1 Indian indian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 2 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 4 Bos Bos NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 5 indicus indicus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 8 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 9 resistant resistant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 12 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 13 European european JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 14 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 16 Bos Bos NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 17 taurus taurus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1033 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 1 Surviving survive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 2 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 3 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 5 carriers carrier NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 8 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 9 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 11 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 17 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 18 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 19 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 21 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 23 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 24 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 25 detectable detectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 26 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 27 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 28 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1034 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 1 Splenectomy Splenectomy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 3 carrier carrier NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 5 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 7 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 8 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 10 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 11 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1035 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 2 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 5 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 6 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 7 means mean NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 9 identifying identify VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 10 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 12 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 13 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 15 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1036 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 3 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 5 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 6 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 8 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 12 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 13 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 14 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 15 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 17 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 19 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 21 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 23 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 25 hepatomegaly hepatomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 29 distended distended JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 30 gallbladder gallbladder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1037 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 4 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 8 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 9 easy easy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 11 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 12 A. a. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 13 marginale marginale NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 14 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 16 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 18 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 19 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 21 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 23 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 24 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 25 26 26 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 28 impression impression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 29 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 30 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 31 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 32 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 35 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1038 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 4 recovering recover VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 8 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 13 find find VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1039 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 1 Rickettsias Rickettsias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 3 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 4 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 6 broadly broadly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 7 divided divide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 9 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 11 preferentially preferentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 12 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 13 granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 15 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 16 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 18 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 20 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 21 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 23 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 25 leptospirosis leptospirosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 27 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 28 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 29 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 30 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 32 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1040 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 2 necropsy necropsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 4 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 5 tubular tubular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 6 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 8 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 9 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 11 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 12 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 14 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 16 hemoglobinuric hemoglobinuric NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 17 nephrosis nephrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 22 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 23 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1041 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1042 1 Hemotropic Hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1042 2 Mycoplasmosis Mycoplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1042 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1042 4 Hemoplasmosis Hemoplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1042 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1042 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 3 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 4 mycoplasmas mycoplasmas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 7 hemoplasmas hemoplasmas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 9 encompasses encompass VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 11 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 13 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 15 formerly formerly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 16 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 17 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 18 Haemobartonella Haemobartonella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 20 Eperythrozoon Eperythrozoon NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 21 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1043 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 3 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 6 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 7 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 9 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 12 wild wild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1044 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 1 Hemotropic Hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 2 mycoplasmas mycoplasmas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 3 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 5 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 6 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 9 follows follow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1045 10 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1046 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 3 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 4 wenyonii wenyonii NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 5 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 6 Camelids-"Candidatus camelids-"candidatus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 7 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 8 haemolamae haemolamae NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1047 9 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1048 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 1 Sheep Sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 3 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 5 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 6 ovis ovis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1049 7 • • NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1050 1 Pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1050 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1050 3 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1050 4 suis suis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1051 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1051 2 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1051 3 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1051 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1052 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1052 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1052 3 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1052 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1053 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 3 Mycoplasma mycoplasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 4 haemocanis haemocanis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 6 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 7 Candidatus Candidatus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 8 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 9 haematoparvum haematoparvum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1054 10 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1055 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 1 Cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 3 Mycoplasma mycoplasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 4 haemofelis haemofeli VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 6 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 7 Candidatus Candidatus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 8 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 9 haemominutum haemominutum RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 11 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 12 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 13 Candidatus Candidatus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 14 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 15 turicensus turicensus XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1056 16 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 1 Like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 2 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 3 mycoplasmas mycoplasmas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 5 hemoplasmas hemoplasmas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 7 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 9 0.3 0.3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 11 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 12 µm µm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 14 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 17 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 20 wall wall NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1057 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 3 epicellular epicellular NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 4 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 6 residing reside VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 8 indentations indentation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 10 invaginations invagination NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 15 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1058 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 2 mode mode NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 4 transmission transmission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 6 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 7 understood understand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 12 sucking suck VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 13 arthropods arthropod NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 15 believed believe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 17 play play VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 19 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 20 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 21 transmission transmission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 23 utero utero NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 25 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 26 biting bite VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 28 fighting fighting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 31 transfusion transfusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 33 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 34 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 35 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 36 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 37 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 38 suspected suspect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1059 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 1 Effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 3 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 4 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 6 subclinical subclinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 8 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 11 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 14 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 15 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 17 dose dose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 20 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 21 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1060 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 2 hemoplasmas hemoplasma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 4 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 5 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 8 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 9 illness illness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 11 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 12 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 14 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 16 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 17 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1061 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 3 M. M. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 4 haemofelis haemofelis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 7 exception exception NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 9 tends tend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 11 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 12 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 13 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 16 immunocompetent immunocompetent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 17 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1062 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 1 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 3 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 4 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 6 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 7 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 10 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 11 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 12 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 13 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1063 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 3 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 4 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 7 completely completely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 8 understood understand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 11 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 13 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 14 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 16 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 17 probable probable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 19 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 20 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 21 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 22 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 23 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 24 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 25 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 26 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 27 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 29 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 32 innocent innocent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 33 bystander bystander NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 34 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1064 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 1 Hemotropic Hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 2 mycoplasmas mycoplasma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 3 induce induce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 4 cold cold JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 5 agglutinins agglutinin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 7 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 8 individuals individual NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 10 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 13 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 14 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 15 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 16 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 17 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 18 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 20 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 23 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 25 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 26 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1065 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 2 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 3 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 4 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 6 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 7 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 10 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 12 variably variably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 13 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 15 cocci coccus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 17 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 18 rods rod NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 21 ring ring NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 22 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 25 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 26 arranged arrange VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 28 short short JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 30 branching branch VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 31 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 33 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 35 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 36 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 37 28 28 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1066 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 6 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 7 extracellularly extracellularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 11 background background NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 15 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 17 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 18 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 20 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 22 made make VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 23 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 24 prolonged prolong VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 25 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 28 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 30 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 31 anticoagulant anticoagulant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 32 tube tube NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1067 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 3 dying die VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 6 hemoplasma hemoplasma JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 7 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 10 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 11 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 13 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 15 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 16 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 19 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 21 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 23 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 26 distended distended JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 27 gallbladder gallbladder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 31 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 32 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 33 29 29 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1068 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 1 Additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 3 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 5 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 7 scrotal scrotal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 9 hind hind JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 10 limb limb NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 11 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 13 swelling swelling NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 16 teats teat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1069 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 1 Microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 5 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 6 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 9 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 10 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 11 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 13 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 15 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 16 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 18 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 21 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 22 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 24 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 25 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1070 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 1 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 4 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 5 degrees degree NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 7 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 8 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 10 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 13 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 15 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1071 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1072 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1072 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1072 3 Mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1072 4 Hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1072 5 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1072 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 5 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 8 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 9 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 11 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 12 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 14 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 15 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 17 binding binding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 19 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 23 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 24 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 25 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1073 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 6 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 8 threatening threaten VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 9 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 13 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 14 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 15 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 16 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 18 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 20 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 23 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1074 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 5 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 8 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 11 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 12 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 14 cavitary cavitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 15 effusions effusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 18 effusive effusive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 19 polyarthropathy polyarthropathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1075 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 1 Hydropericardium Hydropericardium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 2 gives give VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 3 heartwater heartwater NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 5 name name NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 6 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 8 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 9 consistently consistently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 10 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 12 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 13 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 14 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 16 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1076 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1077 1 Chronically chronically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1077 2 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1077 3 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1077 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1077 5 emaciated emaciated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1077 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 5 hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 10 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 13 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 14 hypoplastic hypoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 16 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 18 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 20 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 21 E. E. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 22 canis canis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 23 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1078 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 1 Equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 2 anaplasmosis anaplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 5 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 6 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 8 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 9 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 11 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1079 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 1 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 3 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 5 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 7 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 8 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1080 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 1 Histologic Histologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 2 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 4 generalized generalize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 5 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 6 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 8 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 13 pronounced pronounce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 15 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 17 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1081 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 1 Multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 3 nonsuppurative nonsuppurative NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 4 meningoencephalitis meningoencephalitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 6 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 7 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 10 glomerulonephritis glomerulonephritis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 12 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 14 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 15 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1082 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 1 Rickettsial rickettsial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 4 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 6 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 7 histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 8 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 9 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 11 Wright Wright NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 13 Giemsa Giemsa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 15 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 16 impression impression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 17 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 19 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 21 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 23 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 24 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 27 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 28 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 30 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 31 effective effective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 32 method method NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 33 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 34 detecting detect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 36 morulae morulae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 37 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 38 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1083 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 1 Heartwater Heartwater NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 4 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 6 observing observe VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 7 morulae morulae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 9 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 12 Giemsastained Giemsastained NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 13 squash squash NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 14 preparations preparation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 16 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1084 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 1 Rickettsial rickettsial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 5 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 8 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 10 serologic serologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 11 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 15 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 17 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 18 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1085 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1086 1 Clostridial Clostridial NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1086 2 Diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1086 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1087 1 Certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1087 2 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1087 3 spp spp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1087 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 1 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 2 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 3 potentially potentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 4 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 6 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 8 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 9 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 10 nonhemolytic nonhemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 11 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 13 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 14 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 16 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 17 Chapters Chapters NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 18 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 20 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 22 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 25 19 19 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1088 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 1 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 2 haemolyticum haemolyticum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 4 Clostridium Clostridium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 5 novyi novyi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 6 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 7 D d NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 8 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 12 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 13 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 15 bacillary bacillary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 16 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1089 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 2 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 3 phrase phrase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 4 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 5 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 6 water water NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 7 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 8 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 10 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 11 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 13 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 14 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 17 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 18 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 20 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 21 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 22 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 23 Babesia Babesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 24 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1090 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 1 Similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 2 naturally naturally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 3 occurring occur VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 7 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 9 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1091 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 2 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 6 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 8 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 9 fluke fluke NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 11 Fasciola Fasciola NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 12 hepatica hepatica NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 14 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 16 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 17 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1092 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 1 Ingested ingested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 2 clostridial clostridial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 3 spores spore NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 5 live live VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 7 Kupffer Kupffer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 9 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 11 long long JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 12 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 13 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 14 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 15 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1093 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 3 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 4 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 5 flukes fluke NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 6 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 7 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 8 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 11 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 12 anaerobic anaerobic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 13 environment environment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 14 stimulates stimulate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 16 clostridial clostridial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 17 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 18 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 19 proliferate proliferate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 21 elaborate elaborate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 23 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 24 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 26 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 27 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 28 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 29 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1094 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 4 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 5 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 7 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 8 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 10 toxin toxin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 12 phospholipase phospholipase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 13 C c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 15 lecithinase lecithinase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 18 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 19 enzymatically enzymatically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 20 degrades degrade VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 21 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 22 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 24 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 25 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 26 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 27 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1095 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 1 Bacillary Bacillary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 2 hemoglobinuria hemoglobinuria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 6 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 7 biopsies biopsy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 9 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1096 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 1 Clostridium clostridium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 2 perfringens perfringens NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 3 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 4 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 5 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 6 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 10 lambs lamb NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 12 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 13 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 15 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 16 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 17 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 18 yellow yellow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 19 lamb lamb NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 20 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 22 yellows yellow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 25 enterotoxemic enterotoxemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 26 jaundice jaundice NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 27 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 30 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 31 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1097 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 2 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 5 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 6 inhabitant inhabitant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 9 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 10 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 12 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 15 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 16 proliferate proliferate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 17 abnormally abnormally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 19 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 21 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 22 diets diet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1098 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 1 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 2 perfringens perfringens NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 4 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 8 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 10 clostridial clostridial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 11 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 14 clostridial clostridial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 15 mastitis mastitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 17 ewes ewe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1099 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 1 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 2 perfringens perfringens NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 3 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 4 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 5 produces produce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 7 α α NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 9 toxin toxin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 12 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 13 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 14 phospholipase phospholipase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 15 C c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 16 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1100 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1101 1 Leptospirosis leptospirosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1101 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 1 Leptospirosis leptospirosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 3 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 6 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 8 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 11 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 13 lambs lamb NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 16 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1102 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 1 Specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 2 leptospiral leptospiral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 3 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 4 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 5 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 9 Leptospira Leptospira NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 10 interrogans interrogans NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 11 serovars serovars NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 12 pomona pomona NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 14 ictohaemorrhagiae ictohaemorrhagiae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1103 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 1 Leptospira Leptospira NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 4 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 7 environment environment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1104 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 3 percutaneously percutaneously NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 5 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 6 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 7 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 10 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 12 leptospiremia leptospiremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 13 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 14 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 15 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 16 localize localize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 17 preferentially preferentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 19 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 20 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 24 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 26 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 29 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 30 uterus uterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1105 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 1 Proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 7 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 9 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 11 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 12 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 14 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 16 cold cold NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 17 agglutinin agglutinin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1106 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 1 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 2 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 4 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 6 phospholipase phospholipase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 7 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 10 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 12 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 13 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1107 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 1 Leptospirosis leptospirosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 5 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 7 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 8 besides besides IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 9 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 11 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 13 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 14 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 16 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 17 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 19 abortion abortion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 22 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 23 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 25 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 27 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 28 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 29 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1108 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 1 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 2 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 4 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 8 autoimmune autoimmune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 16 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 17 initiator initiator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 19 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 20 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 21 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 23 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 24 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 25 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1109 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 3 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 5 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 6 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 12 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 14 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 15 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 16 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 20 cocker cocker NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 21 spaniels spaniel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 24 predisposed predisposed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 26 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 27 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 29 suggesting suggest VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 31 possibility possibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 33 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 34 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 35 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1110 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 1 Causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 3 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 4 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 6 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 9 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 10 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 11 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 15 hemoplasmosis hemoplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 17 babesiosis babesiosi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 20 theileriosis theileriosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 23 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 25 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 27 cephalosporins cephalosporin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 29 penicillin penicillin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 32 sulfonamides sulfonamides NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 35 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 38 envenomations envenomations NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 40 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 42 bee bee NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 43 stings sting NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1111 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 4 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 5 directed direct VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 7 nonself nonself NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 8 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 13 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 14 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 17 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 18 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1112 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 5 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 6 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 9 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 10 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 13 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 14 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 16 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 20 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 22 extravascular extravascular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 24 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 26 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 27 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 28 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 30 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 31 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 32 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 33 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 34 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 35 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 37 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 38 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 40 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1113 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 1 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 2 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 3 complement complement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 4 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 7 contribute contribute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 9 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 10 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 13 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1114 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1115 1 Complement complement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1115 2 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 1 C3b C3b NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 2 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 3 acts act VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 5 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 6 opsonin opsonin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 8 promotes promote VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 9 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 11 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 12 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1116 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 3 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 6 complement complement JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 7 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 8 attack attack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 9 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 11 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 14 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 15 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 16 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 17 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 18 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 19 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 20 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 21 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 22 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 23 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 25 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 26 autoantibodies autoantibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1117 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 2 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 3 implicated implicate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 5 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 8 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 11 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 12 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 13 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 14 temperature temperature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 16 warm warm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 17 hemagglutinins hemagglutinin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1118 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 2 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 3 portion portion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 5 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 6 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 9 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 10 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 11 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 12 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 13 temperatures temperature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 15 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 17 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 19 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 20 old old JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 23 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 24 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 26 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 27 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 29 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 31 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 32 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 33 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1119 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1120 1 Pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1120 2 Red Red NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1120 3 Cell Cell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1120 4 Aplasia Aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1120 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 1 Pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 2 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 4 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 6 PRCA PRCA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 10 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 11 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 12 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 13 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 14 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 16 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 18 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 20 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 21 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 22 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1121 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 3 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 4 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 6 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 9 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 11 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 12 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 14 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1122 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 2 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 3 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 4 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 5 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 7 apparently apparently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 8 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 10 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 13 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 15 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 16 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 17 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 21 presumption presumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 22 supported support VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 23 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 25 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 27 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 28 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 30 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 31 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 33 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 35 detection detection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 37 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 38 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 39 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 40 colony colony NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 41 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 42 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 43 vitro vitro FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 44 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 45 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 46 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1123 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 1 Administration administration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 3 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 4 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 5 erythropoietin erythropoietin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 7 rhEpo rhepo RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 9 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 10 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 11 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 14 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 16 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 17 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 18 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 20 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 22 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 24 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 27 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 29 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 30 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 31 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 32 induction induction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 34 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 35 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 36 rhEpo rhepo RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 37 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 38 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 39 - - NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 40 react react VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 41 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 42 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 43 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1124 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 1 Experimentation experimentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 4 use use NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 6 speciesspecific speciesspecific NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 7 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 8 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 9 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 10 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 11 mixed mixed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 12 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1125 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 2 treated treat VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 4 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 5 canine canine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 6 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 9 developed develop VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 10 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 11 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 12 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 13 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1126 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 4 experiments experiment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 6 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 7 far far RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 8 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 9 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 10 treated treat VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 12 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 13 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 14 Epo Epo NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 16 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 17 least least JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 18 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 19 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 20 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 21 developed develop VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 22 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 23 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 24 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 25 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1127 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 1 Parvoviral Parvoviral NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 2 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 5 suggested suggest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 8 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 9 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 11 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 12 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 13 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 15 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 17 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1128 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1129 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1129 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1129 3 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 1 subgroup subgroup NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 2 C C NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 4 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 5 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 6 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 10 probably probably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 11 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 13 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 15 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 17 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 18 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 19 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1130 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 5 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 6 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 8 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 9 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 10 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 11 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 12 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 13 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 14 indicators indicator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 16 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 20 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1131 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 1 Microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 2 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 5 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 6 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 7 shows show VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 9 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 11 near near IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 12 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 14 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 15 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 18 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 19 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 21 plasmacytosis plasmacytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 24 myelofibrosis myelofibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 25 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 26 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 28 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 29 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 30 lines line NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 32 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 34 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 36 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 38 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 39 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 40 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 41 hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1132 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1133 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1133 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1133 3 Mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1133 4 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1133 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 4 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 7 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 8 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 9 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 10 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 11 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 12 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 14 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 16 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 19 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1134 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 6 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 7 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 9 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 11 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 12 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 14 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 17 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1135 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 2 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 4 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 6 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 7 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 9 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 12 immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 13 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 15 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 17 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 19 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 20 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 21 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 23 pure pure JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 24 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 25 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 26 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 29 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 31 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 32 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1136 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 4 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 5 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 7 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 9 dermatitis dermatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 11 conjunctivitis conjunctivitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 14 vaginitis vaginitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 18 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 20 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 21 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 24 compromised compromised JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 25 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 26 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 27 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1137 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 6 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 7 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 9 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 10 arrest arrest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 13 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 16 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 17 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 19 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 21 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 22 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 23 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 24 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 25 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 26 targeted target VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 27 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 29 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 30 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 31 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 32 cold cold JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 33 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 34 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1138 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 2 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 4 ischemic ischemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 5 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 7 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 8 extremities extremity NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 10 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 12 tips tip NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 15 ears ear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 18 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 19 cooling cool VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 22 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 23 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 24 autoagglutination autoagglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 26 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 28 occlusion occlusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 31 microvasculature microvasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1139 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 1 Typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 2 immunemediated immunemediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 3 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 4 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 5 targets target VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 6 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 7 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 9 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 11 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 12 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 13 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1140 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 3 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 4 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 5 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 8 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 10 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 13 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 15 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 16 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 20 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 21 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 22 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 23 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 24 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 26 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 28 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 29 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1141 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 1 Pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 3 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 4 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 6 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 10 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 11 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 13 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1142 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 1 Erythrocytic erythrocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 2 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 5 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 8 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 10 altering alter VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 15 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 17 exposing expose VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 18 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 19 hidden hide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 20 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 21 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 22 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 24 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 25 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 27 selfantigens selfantigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 28 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 30 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 31 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 32 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 33 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1143 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 4 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 5 attack attack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 8 directed direct VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 9 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 11 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 12 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 15 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 17 nonspecifically nonspecifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 18 destroyed destroy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 19 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 22 close close JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 23 proximity proximity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 24 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 25 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 27 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 29 innocent innocent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 30 bystander bystander NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 31 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1144 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 1 Certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 2 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 6 penicillin penicillin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 9 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 10 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 13 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 16 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 18 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 19 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 21 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 22 drug drug NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 24 autoantigen autoantigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 25 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 26 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 27 induce induce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 28 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 29 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 31 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 32 hapten hapten NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 34 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 35 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1145 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 2 proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 5 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 7 drugantibody drugantibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 8 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 9 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 12 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 13 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 16 induction induction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 19 true true JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 20 autoantibody autoantibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 21 directed direct VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 22 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 23 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 24 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 25 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1146 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 1 Hematologic Hematologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 3 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 6 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 7 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 9 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 11 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 13 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 17 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 20 earlier early JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 21 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 22 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 23 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 24 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 26 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 27 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 29 Dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 30 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 31 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 32 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 33 Injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 35 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 36 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 38 Abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 39 Concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 41 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 42 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 44 Anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1147 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 2 brief brief NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 7 spherocytes spherocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 9 autoagglutination autoagglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 12 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 13 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 15 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 17 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 18 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 19 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 20 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 23 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 25 erythrophagocytic erythrophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 26 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 29 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 31 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 32 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 33 thromboemboli thromboemboli NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 34 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 35 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 36 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 37 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 38 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 39 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 40 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1148 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 3 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 5 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 9 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 10 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 12 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 13 leukocytosis leukocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 15 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 16 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 18 prolonged prolong VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 19 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 20 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 22 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 23 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 24 antithrombin antithrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 25 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 27 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 28 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 29 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 31 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 32 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 33 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 35 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 38 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 39 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 40 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1149 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 1 Intravascular Intravascular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 2 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 3 plays play VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 5 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 6 insignificant insignificant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 7 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 9 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 10 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 12 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 14 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 15 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 16 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 18 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 19 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 21 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 22 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 24 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 26 ghost ghost NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 27 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 29 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 30 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 32 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 34 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 35 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 36 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 38 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 39 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 40 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 42 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 43 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 44 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 45 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 46 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 47 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 48 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 49 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 50 complement complement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 51 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 52 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 53 mediators mediator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 54 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 55 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1150 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1151 1 Neonatal Neonatal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1151 2 Isoerythrolysis Isoerythrolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1151 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 1 Neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 2 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 4 NI NI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 8 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 10 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 13 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 17 colostrumderived colostrumderive VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 18 maternal maternal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 19 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 20 react react VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 21 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 23 newborn newborn NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 24 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 25 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1152 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 5 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 7 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 9 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 10 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 11 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 14 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 15 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 16 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 18 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 20 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 23 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 24 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 25 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 27 wildlife wildlife NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 28 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1153 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 2 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 4 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 5 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 9 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 11 immunosensitization immunosensitization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 14 dam dam NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 16 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 18 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 19 incompatible incompatible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 21 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 22 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 23 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 25 stallion stallion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 27 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 29 transplacental transplacental NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 30 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 32 fetal fetal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 33 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 34 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 35 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 36 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 37 mixing mixing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 39 maternal maternal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 41 fetal fetal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 42 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 43 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 44 parturition parturition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1154 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 2 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 3 mismatched mismatch VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 5 transfusion transfusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 6 produces produce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 8 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 9 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1155 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 2 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 4 groups group NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 6 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 7 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 8 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 9 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 12 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 14 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 15 Aa Aa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 17 Qa Qa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 19 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 20 immunogenic immunogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 22 mares mare NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1156 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 2 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 4 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 5 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 6 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 8 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 10 vaccination vaccination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 12 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 14 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 16 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 17 containing contain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 18 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 19 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 20 fragments fragment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1157 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 1 Neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 2 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 5 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 6 experimentally experimentally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 8 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 11 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 13 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 14 reports report NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 16 naturally naturally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 17 occurring occur VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1158 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 2 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 5 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 7 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 8 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 9 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 10 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 11 depend depend VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 13 prior prior JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 14 maternal maternal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 15 immunosensitization immunosensitization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 16 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 17 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 18 naturally naturally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 19 occurring occur VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 20 anti anti JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 21 - - JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 22 A a JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 23 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 25 queens queen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 27 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 28 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 29 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1159 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 4 S S NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 5 L L NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 6 rather rather RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 9 complication complication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 11 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 12 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 14 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 15 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 18 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 19 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 21 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 22 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 25 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1160 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 3 included include VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 6 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 8 Inflammatory Inflammatory NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 9 Disorders Disorders NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 12 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 13 cascade cascade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 15 closely closely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 16 linked link VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 18 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 19 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1161 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 6 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 7 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 8 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1162 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 2 -5 -5 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 5 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 7 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1163 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 1 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 2 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 3 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 5 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 6 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1164 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 3 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 4 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 5 encompasses encompass VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 9 diverse diverse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 10 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 12 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 13 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 14 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 16 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1165 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 1 Historically historically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 4 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 7 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 9 classify classify VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 10 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 11 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 13 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 14 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 16 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 18 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 19 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 20 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 21 applied apply VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 22 inconsistently inconsistently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 24 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 25 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 27 examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 28 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 30 Kiel Kiel NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 31 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 33 National National NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 34 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 35 Institute Institute NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 36 Working Working NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 37 Formulation Formulation NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1166 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 2 World World NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 3 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 4 Organization Organization NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 6 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 8 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 10 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 11 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 12 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 13 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 14 published publish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 16 2001 2001 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 18 updated update VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 20 2008 2008 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 24 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 25 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 27 principles principle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 28 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 31 Revised revise VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 32 European european JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 34 American american JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 35 Classification Classification NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 37 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 38 Neoplasms Neoplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 40 REAL REAL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 42 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 44 International International NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 45 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 46 Study Study NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 47 Group Group NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1167 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 2 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 3 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 4 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 6 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 8 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 9 true true JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 10 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 11 consensus consensus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 14 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 16 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 17 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 19 integrates integrate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 20 information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 21 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 22 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 23 topography topography NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 25 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 26 morphology morphology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 28 immunophenotype immunophenotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 30 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 31 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 34 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 35 presentation presentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 37 course course NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1168 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 2 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 3 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 6 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 7 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 8 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 10 published publish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 12 2002 2002 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 14 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 15 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 16 validated validate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 18 2011 2011 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 19 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 21 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 22 model model NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 24 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1169 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 2 project project NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 4 modeled model VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 5 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 7 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 9 validate validate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 11 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 13 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 14 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 16 yielded yield VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 17 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 18 overall overall JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 19 accuracy accuracy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 21 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 23 agreement agreement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 24 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 26 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 28 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 29 pathologists pathologist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 31 83 83 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 32 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1170 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 1 Currently currently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 2 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 3 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 4 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 6 accepted accept VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 9 method method NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 11 choice choice NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 13 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 14 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 16 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 17 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1171 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 2 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 3 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 4 broadly broadly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 5 categorizes categorize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 6 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 7 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 8 according accord VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 11 lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 12 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 13 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 15 lymphoid lymphoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 18 histiocytic histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1172 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 2 distinction distinction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 4 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 5 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 7 fact fact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 8 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 10 earliest early JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 11 commitment commitment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 14 pluripotent pluripotent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 15 HSC HSC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 18 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 20 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 21 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 22 nonlymphoid nonlymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 23 lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1173 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 2 pathologists pathologist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 4 clinicians clinician NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 5 distinguish distinguish VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 6 leukemias leukemias RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 7 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 9 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 10 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1174 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 1 Leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 5 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 7 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 8 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 9 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 10 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 17 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 18 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1175 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 1 Leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 4 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 6 differentiate differentiate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 7 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 9 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 11 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 12 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 14 originate originate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 15 outside outside IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 20 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 21 infiltrate infiltrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 26 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1176 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 2 simplicity simplicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 4 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 6 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 7 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 11 involvement involvement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 13 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 15 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 16 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 17 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 18 rather rather RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 20 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 21 leukemic leukemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 22 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 23 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 25 another another DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 26 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 27 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1177 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 3 now now RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 6 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 7 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 9 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 11 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 12 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 15 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 20 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 21 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 22 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 24 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 25 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 26 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 31 designation designation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 33 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 34 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 35 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 36 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 37 placed place VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 38 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 40 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 41 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 42 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 43 largest large JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 44 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 45 burden burden NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1178 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 1 Based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 4 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 6 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 8 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 10 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 12 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 14 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1179 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 2 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 4 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 5 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 7 undifferentiated undifferentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 9 meaning mean VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 10 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 11 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 13 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 14 percentages percentage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 16 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 17 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 19 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 22 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 23 lymphoblasts lymphoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 25 myeloblasts myeloblasts NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 27 monoblasts monoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 29 erythroblasts erythroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 31 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 32 megakaryoblasts megakaryoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1180 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 2 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 4 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 6 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 7 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 8 predominate predominate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 11 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1181 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 2 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 4 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 7 predominate predominate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 9 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 10 proliferations proliferation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 12 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 13 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 14 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 16 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 18 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 19 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 21 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 22 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 23 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 25 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 26 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 28 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 29 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 30 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 31 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1182 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 1 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 3 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 4 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 7 made make VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 9 excluding exclude VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 10 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 12 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 15 proliferating proliferate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 17 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1183 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 4 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 6 relative relative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 9 erythrocytosis erythrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 11 excluded exclude VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 14 able able JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 16 diagnose diagnose VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 17 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 18 vera vera NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1184 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 4 designation designation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 6 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 10 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 13 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 14 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 16 course course NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1185 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 2 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 3 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 5 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 7 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 8 onset onset NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 10 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 12 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 13 progressive progressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 15 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 17 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 20 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 21 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 22 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 23 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1186 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 1 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 2 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 4 plasmacytosis plasmacytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 7 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 9 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1187 11 > > XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 1 60 60 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 2 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 4 nucleated nucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1188 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 5 supported support VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 7 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 8 cytometric cytometric NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 9 detection detection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 11 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 12 bound bind VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 14 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 15 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 17 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 18 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 19 made make VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 22 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 24 exclusion exclusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 26 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 27 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 29 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 31 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 32 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 33 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 34 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1189 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1190 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1190 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1190 3 Mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1190 4 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1190 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 1 Immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 3 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 4 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 6 IMTP IMTP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 10 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 11 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 13 immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 14 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 16 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1191 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 4 fairly fairly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 5 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 6 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 8 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 11 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 12 frequent frequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 14 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1192 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 5 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 6 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 11 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 15 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 16 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 17 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 19 ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 22 drug drug NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 23 administration administration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 25 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 27 cephalosporins cephalosporin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 29 sulfonamides sulfonamide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 32 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 35 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 36 immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 37 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1193 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 2 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 4 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 5 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 7 together together RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 9 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 11 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 12 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 16 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 18 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 19 Evans Evans NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 20 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 21 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1194 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 2 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 5 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 7 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 9 < < XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 10 20,000 20,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 11 platelets/µL platelets/µl JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 14 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 16 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 17 degrees degree NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 19 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 20 tendencies tendency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 22 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 24 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 26 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 27 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1195 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 5 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 6 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 7 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 10 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 14 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 15 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 16 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 17 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 19 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 20 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1196 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 1 Rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 3 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 5 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 6 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 8 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 10 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 11 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 12 hypoplasia hypoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 14 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 15 amegakaryocytic amegakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 16 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1197 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1198 1 Neonatal Neonatal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1198 2 Alloimmune Alloimmune NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1198 3 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1198 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 2 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 4 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 6 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 7 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 9 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 11 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 12 alloimmune alloimmune NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 13 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 16 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 18 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 19 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 21 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1199 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 7 virtually virtually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 8 identical identical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 10 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 12 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 13 isoerythrolysis isoerythrolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 16 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 18 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 19 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 21 neonate neonate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 22 inheriting inherit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 23 paternal paternal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 24 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 25 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 26 absorbs absorb VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 27 maternal maternal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 28 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 29 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 30 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 31 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 32 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 34 colostrum colostrum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1200 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 2 principle principle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 5 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 6 situation situation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 8 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 9 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 10 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 12 incompatible incompatible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 13 transfusion transfusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 18 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 19 containing contain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 20 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1201 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 3 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 4 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 6 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 8 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 10 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 13 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 14 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 15 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 17 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 19 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 21 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 23 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 24 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 25 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 26 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1202 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1203 1 Hemophagocytic Hemophagocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1203 2 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1203 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 1 Hemophagocytic hemophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 5 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 6 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 8 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 10 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 12 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 14 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 16 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 19 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 21 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 22 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 23 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 24 erythrophagic erythrophagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 25 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1204 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 4 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 5 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 6 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 8 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 12 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1205 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 2 hemophagocytic hemophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 3 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 4 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 6 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 9 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 10 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 12 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 15 hemophagocytic hemophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 16 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 18 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 20 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 21 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 22 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 24 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 25 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 26 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 28 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 31 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 32 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 34 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 35 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1206 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 2 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 4 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 5 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 6 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 7 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 9 stimulatory stimulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 10 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 13 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 15 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 16 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 18 hyperactivation hyperactivation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1207 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 2 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 3 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 4 phagocytize phagocytize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 5 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 6 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 7 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 9 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 10 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 11 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 12 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 13 enhanced enhance VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 14 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 16 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 18 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 20 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 21 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1208 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 3 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 4 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 5 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 8 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 11 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 12 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 14 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 17 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 19 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 21 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 22 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 23 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 26 neutropenia neutropenia FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 28 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 30 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 31 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 35 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 37 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 39 petechiae petechia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 41 ecchymoses ecchymosis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1209 43 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 3 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 6 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 8 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 9 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 12 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 13 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 15 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 18 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 20 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 22 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 24 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 27 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1210 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 1 Additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 4 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 9 hemophagocytic hemophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 10 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 11 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 12 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 14 ranging range VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 16 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 18 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 20 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 21 lines line NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 23 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 24 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1211 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1212 1 Disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1212 2 Intravascular Intravascular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1212 3 Coagulation Coagulation NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1212 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 1 Disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 2 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 3 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 7 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 9 continuous continuous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 10 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 12 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 13 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 15 fibrinolytic fibrinolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 16 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 20 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 21 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 22 consumptive consumptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 23 coagulopathy coagulopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1213 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 3 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 5 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 9 754.e1 754.e1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 10 CHAPTER chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 11 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 12 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 13 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 15 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 16 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 20 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 21 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 22 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 23 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 24 Disseminated disseminate VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 25 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 26 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 27 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 29 consumptive consumptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 30 coagulopathy coagulopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 31 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 32 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 33 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 35 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 36 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 38 fibrinolytic fibrinolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 39 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1214 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 4 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 5 complication complication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 7 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 8 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 10 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 11 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 13 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 14 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 15 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 16 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 18 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 20 burns burn NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 22 heat heat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 23 stroke stroke NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 25 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 27 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 28 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 30 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 32 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 34 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 36 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 37 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 39 obstetric obstetric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 40 complications complication NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 42 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 43 noninfectious noninfectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 44 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 45 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 46 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 47 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 48 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 49 pancreatitis pancreatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1215 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 5 critically critically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 6 ill ill JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 7 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 8 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1216 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 1 Disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 2 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 3 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 4 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 5 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 6 initial initial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 7 hypercoagulable hypercoagulable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 8 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 10 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 12 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 14 ischemic ischemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 15 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 16 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 20 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 21 hypocoagulable hypocoagulable NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 22 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 25 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 27 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 29 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 30 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 32 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 34 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 35 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 36 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 38 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 39 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1217 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1218 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1218 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1218 3 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1218 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1218 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 4 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 5 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 6 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 7 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 8 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 10 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 12 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 13 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 15 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 18 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 19 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 21 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 22 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 24 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 25 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 26 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 27 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 28 involve involve VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 29 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 30 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 31 inhibition inhibition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 33 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 34 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 35 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 36 fibrinolysis fibrinolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1219 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 1 Classically classically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 4 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 5 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 6 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 8 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 11 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 13 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 14 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 15 thromboembolic thromboembolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 19 triad triad NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 21 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 22 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 23 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 24 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 26 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 27 moderate moderate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 29 below below IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 31 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 32 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 33 value value NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 34 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 35 above above IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 36 50,000/µL 50,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 38 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 39 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 40 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 41 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 43 prothrombin prothrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 44 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 45 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 46 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 47 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 48 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 50 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 51 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 52 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 53 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 54 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 55 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 56 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 57 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 58 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 59 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 60 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 61 products product NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 62 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 63 D d NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 64 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 65 dimer dimer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1220 66 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 1 Milder mild JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 2 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 4 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 5 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 6 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 8 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 9 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 10 meet meet VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 11 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 14 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 15 criteria criterion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 16 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 17 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1221 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1222 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 1 plasma plasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 2 antithrombin antithrombin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 4 antithrombin antithrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 5 III III NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 7 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 9 schistocytosis schistocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 12 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 13 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 15 found find VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 17 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 19 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 20 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 21 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1223 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 1 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 3 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 7 fewer few JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 8 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 9 20 20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 10 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 11 myeloblasts myeloblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 13 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 14 blast blast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 15 equivalents equivalent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1224 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1225 1 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1225 2 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1225 3 Acute Acute NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1225 4 Myeloid Myeloid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1225 5 Leukemia Leukemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1225 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 2 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 3 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 5 AML AML NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 8 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 10 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 11 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 13 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 14 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 15 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 17 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 19 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1226 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 2 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 3 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 6 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 7 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 9 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 10 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 12 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 14 monocyte monocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 16 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 17 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 18 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 21 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 22 reports report NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 24 eosinophil eosinophil NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 26 basophil basophil NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 28 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 29 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 30 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1227 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 3 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 5 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 6 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1228 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 1 Evaluations evaluation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 4 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 5 show show VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 6 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 7 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 8 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 9 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 11 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 12 myeloblasts myeloblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 14 blast blast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 15 equivalents equivalent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 17 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 18 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 19 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 20 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 21 31 31 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 23 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1229 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 4 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 5 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 6 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 7 averages average VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 8 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 9 70,000/µL 70,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 11 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 13 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 16 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 17 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 18 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1230 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 4 show show VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 5 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 6 attributed attribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 10 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 13 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 15 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 17 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 18 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 19 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 21 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 22 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 25 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 26 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 28 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1231 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 1 Neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 4 infiltrate infiltrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 5 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 7 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 9 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 11 hepatomegaly hepatomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 14 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1232 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 3 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 5 efface efface VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 7 replace replace VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 10 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 13 infiltrate infiltrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 14 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 17 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 18 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 19 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1233 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1234 1 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1234 2 Myeloid Myeloid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1234 3 Leukemia Leukemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1234 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 2 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 3 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 5 CML CML NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 9 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 11 myelogenous myelogenous NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 12 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 14 myeloproliferative myeloproliferative NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 15 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 18 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 20 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1235 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 1 Most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 2 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 4 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1236 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 3 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 4 subclassifications subclassification NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 7 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 8 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 10 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 11 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 12 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 14 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 16 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 17 vera vera NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 20 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 22 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 23 thrombocythemia thrombocythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 26 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 28 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 29 neutrophilic neutrophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 30 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 33 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 35 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 36 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 37 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 40 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 41 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 42 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 44 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 45 myelomonocytic myelomonocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 46 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 48 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 49 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 51 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 52 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 53 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 55 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 56 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 57 basophils basophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 59 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 60 basophilic basophilic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 61 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1237 63 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 1 Complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 2 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 4 count count NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 5 analysis analysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 7 reveals reveal VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 8 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 9 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 10 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 13 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 16 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 17 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 18 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 19 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 20 50,000 50,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 22 100,000 100,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 23 leukocytes/µL leukocytes/µl XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 25 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1238 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 3 31 31 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 8 2,000,000 2,000,000 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 9 platelets/µL. platelets/µl. NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 10 Cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 11 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 12 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 15 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 17 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 18 slight slight JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 19 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 21 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 22 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1239 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 1 Later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 5 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 8 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 10 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 12 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1240 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 1 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 3 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 4 vera vera NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 8 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 9 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 11 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 13 hyperviscosity hyperviscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 14 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 16 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 17 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 18 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 20 dilated dilated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 22 tortuous tortuous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 23 retinal retinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 24 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1241 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 1 Essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 2 thrombocythemia thrombocythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 3 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 5 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 6 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 7 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 9 dysfunctional dysfunctional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 10 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 13 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 14 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 16 hyperaggregability hyperaggregability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 18 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 19 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1242 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 2 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 3 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 5 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 7 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 9 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 11 hepatomegaly hepatomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 14 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 15 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 17 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 20 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1243 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 6 shows show VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 7 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 10 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 11 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 12 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 13 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 15 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 17 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 18 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 20 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 22 < < XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 23 20 20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 24 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 27 myeloblasts myeloblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 29 blast blast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 30 equivalents equivalent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1244 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1245 1 Mast Mast NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1245 2 Cell Cell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1245 3 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1245 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 1 Mast mast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 3 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 5 MCTs MCTs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 9 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 12 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 14 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 18 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 19 Chapters Chapters NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 20 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 22 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 25 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 28 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 29 mast mast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 31 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 33 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1246 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 2 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 4 MCTs mct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 8 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 9 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1247 12 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 2 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 3 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 7 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1248 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 1 Mast mast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 3 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 6 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 10 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 11 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 15 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 17 mast mast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 23 mastocytemia mastocytemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 25 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 26 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 27 suggestive suggestive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 29 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 30 mast mast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 31 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 32 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 34 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 35 mastocytosis mastocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 38 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1249 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 3 mastocytemia mastocytemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 4 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 6 necessarily necessarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 7 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 8 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 9 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1250 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 2 fact fact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 4 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 5 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 6 found find VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 7 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 9 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 11 mastocytemia mastocytemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 13 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 14 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 15 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 16 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 19 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 20 MCTs mct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 21 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 22 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 24 MCTs mct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 26 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 27 random random JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 28 detection detection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 30 mast mast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 31 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 33 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 34 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 35 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 36 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 37 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 39 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 41 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 42 MCT MCT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1251 43 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1252 1 Granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1252 2 Sarcoma Sarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1252 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 1 Granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 2 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 5 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 6 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 7 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 8 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 10 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 11 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 13 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 14 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 15 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 16 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 18 slowly slowly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 19 progressive progressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 20 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1253 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 2 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 3 scheme scheme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 5 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 7 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 8 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 9 -4 -4 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1254 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 1 Subcategories subcategorie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 2 exist exist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 3 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 4 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 7 groups group NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 10 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 11 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 12 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1255 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 1 Information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 4 topic topic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 6 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 8 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1256 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 2 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 4 examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 6 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 7 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 9 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 10 myelodysplastic myelodysplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 11 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 13 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 14 leukemias leukemias RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 17 mast mast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 19 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 21 technically technically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 23 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 25 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 26 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 30 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 31 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 33 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 34 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 35 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 37 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 38 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1257 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 3 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 8 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 9 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 11 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 13 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 14 plasmacytomas plasmacytomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 16 EMPs EMPs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 19 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 20 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 21 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 22 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 23 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 25 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 28 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 29 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 30 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 31 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 32 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 33 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 35 Disorders Disorders NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 37 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 38 Animals Animals NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 40 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1258 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 1 Additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 2 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 4 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 5 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 9 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 11 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 12 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 13 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 15 end end NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 17 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 18 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1259 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1260 1 Myelodysplastic Myelodysplastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1260 2 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1260 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 1 Myelodysplastic myelodysplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 4 MDS MDS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 7 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 12 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 16 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 18 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 19 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 21 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1261 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 3 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 6 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 8 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 9 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 10 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 11 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 13 ineffective ineffective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 14 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 17 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 18 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 20 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 22 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 24 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 25 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 26 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 27 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 28 line line NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1262 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 1 Hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 2 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 7 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 8 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 10 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 12 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 14 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 16 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 17 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 19 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 21 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 26 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 28 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 29 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 30 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1263 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 2 illness illness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 4 death death NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 6 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 7 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 9 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 11 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 14 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 16 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 18 attributable attributable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 21 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 23 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 24 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 25 transformation transformation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 28 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 29 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 30 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 31 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 32 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1264 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 4 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 5 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 7 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 9 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 12 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1265 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 3 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 4 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 5 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 8 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 11 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 13 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 14 cellularity cellularity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 16 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 17 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 18 Blast blast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 19 equivalents equivalent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 20 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 21 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 22 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 23 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 25 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 26 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 27 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 29 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 30 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 31 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 32 promyelocytes promyelocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 34 monoblasts monoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 36 promonocytes promonocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 38 erythroblasts erythroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 41 megakaryoblasts megakaryoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1266 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 1 Before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 3 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 5 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 6 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 10 worthwhile worthwhile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 12 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 14 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 15 techniques technique NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 16 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 18 classify classify VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 19 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 20 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 21 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 23 becoming become VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 24 increasingly increasingly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 25 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 26 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 27 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 28 use use NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 30 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 31 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1267 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 1 Immunophenotyping immunophenotyping NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 2 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 5 use use NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 7 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 8 recognizing recognize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 9 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 10 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 11 expressed express VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 13 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 15 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 17 determine determine VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 19 identity identity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 22 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 23 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 25 interest interest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1268 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 1 Immunophenotyping immunophenotype VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 4 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 7 lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 9 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 11 lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 13 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 14 markers marker NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 16 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 17 performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 18 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 19 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 20 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 22 immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 24 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 27 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 28 -86 -86 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 32 air air NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 34 dried dry VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 35 cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 36 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 37 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 39 immunocytochemistry immunocytochemistry NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 42 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 43 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 44 laser laser NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 45 analysis analysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 47 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 48 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 49 suspension suspension NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 50 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 51 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 52 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 53 buffer buffer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 54 solutions solution NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 56 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 57 cytometry cytometry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1269 59 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 5 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 7 immunophenotyping immunophenotype VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 8 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 9 routinely routinely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 10 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 12 determination determination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 14 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 16 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 17 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 18 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1270 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 1 Clonality clonality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 2 assays assay NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 4 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 6 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 7 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 8 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 10 PARR PARR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 14 help help VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 15 identify identify VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 16 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 17 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 18 proliferations proliferation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 21 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 23 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 24 rearrangements rearrangement NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 26 genes gene NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 27 encoding encode VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 28 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 29 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 30 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1271 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 2 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 4 practical practical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 5 application application NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 7 PARR PARR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 8 assay assay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 10 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 11 useful useful JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 13 helping help VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 15 distinguish distinguish VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 16 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 17 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 18 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 19 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 20 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 22 proliferations proliferation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 23 mimicking mimic VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 24 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1272 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 1 Cytogenetic cytogenetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 2 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 5 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 6 routinely routinely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 7 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 9 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 10 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 12 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 13 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 14 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 15 mutations mutation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 16 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 17 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 18 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 20 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1273 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 4 breakpoint breakpoint NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 5 cluster cluster NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 6 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 7 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 8 Abelson Abelson NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 10 BCR BCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 12 ABL ABL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 14 translocations translocation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 15 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 16 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 17 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 19 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 20 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 21 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 23 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 24 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 25 myeloblastic myeloblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 26 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 28 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 29 monocytic monocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 30 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1274 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 3 Burkitt Burkitt NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 5 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 6 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 9 translocation translocation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 10 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 12 constitutive constitutive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 13 c c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 15 Myc Myc NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 16 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1275 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1276 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1276 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1276 3 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1276 4 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1276 5 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1276 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 3 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 7 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 9 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 11 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 13 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 15 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 16 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 17 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 19 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 20 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 21 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 22 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 24 differentiate differentiate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 25 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 26 morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 27 identifiable identifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 28 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 29 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1277 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1278 1 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1278 2 Lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1278 3 Leukemia Leukemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1278 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 2 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 3 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 5 CLL CLL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 8 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 10 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 11 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1279 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 3 predominantly predominantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 7 middle middle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 9 aged aged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 11 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 15 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 16 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 18 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 20 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 23 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1280 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 2 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 3 chronic chronic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 4 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 5 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 6 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 9 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 10 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 11 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 13 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 14 cytotoxic cytotoxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 15 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 17 expressing express VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 18 CD8 CD8 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1281 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 2 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 4 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 7 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 8 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 9 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 12 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 13 helper helper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 14 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 15 immunophenotype immunophenotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1282 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 2 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 4 shows show VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 5 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 6 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 7 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 9 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 12 clumped clumped JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 13 chromatin chromatin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 15 scant scant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 16 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1283 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 1 Proliferating proliferate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 2 cytotoxic cytotoxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 3 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 5 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 6 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 8 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 9 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 10 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 11 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 12 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 13 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 15 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 16 methanol methanol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 18 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 19 Romanowsky Romanowsky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 20 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 24 Wright Wright NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 25 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 26 Giemsa Giemsa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1284 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 4 granules granule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 8 appreciated appreciate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 10 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 11 aqueous aqueous NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 13 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 14 Romanowsky Romanowsky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 15 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 19 Diff Diff NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 21 Quik Quik NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1285 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 3 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 5 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 9 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 10 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 11 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 12 100,000/µL 100,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 14 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 15 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 16 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 20 15,000/µL 15,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 22 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 23 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 24 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1286 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 1 Seventy seventy CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 3 five five CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 4 percent percent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 6 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 9 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 10 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 12 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 14 neutrophilic neutrophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 15 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 16 lines line NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1287 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 2 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 6 reports report NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 8 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 9 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 13 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 15 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 18 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 22 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 23 arise arise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 26 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 28 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 30 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 31 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 32 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 34 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 36 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 37 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 39 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 41 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 43 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 45 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 46 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1288 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1289 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1289 2 Lymphoblastic Lymphoblastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1289 3 Leukemia Leukemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1289 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 2 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 3 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 5 ALL all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 8 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 12 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 15 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 17 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 19 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1290 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 3 recent recent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 4 immunophenotype immunophenotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 5 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 7 51 51 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 8 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 10 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 11 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 12 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 14 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 16 47 47 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 17 arose arise VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 18 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 19 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 20 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 22 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 23 arose arise VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 25 double double JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 27 negative negative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 28 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 29 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 30 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 31 were be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 32 immunonegative immunonegative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 33 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 34 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 36 CD8 CD8 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 37 markers marker NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1291 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 3 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 7 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 8 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 9 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 11 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 13 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 14 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 15 medium medium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 18 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 21 deeply deeply RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 22 basophilic basophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 23 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 25 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 27 coarse coarse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 28 chromatin chromatin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 31 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 33 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 34 nucleoli nucleolus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 36 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 37 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1292 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 3 31 31 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 5 C C NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1293 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 2 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 3 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 5 mean mean JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 7 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 8 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 10 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 11 70,000/µL 70,000/µl CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 16 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 17 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 18 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 19 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 20 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 21 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 22 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 24 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 25 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 28 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1294 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 6 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 7 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 11 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 14 C c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 15 D d NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 16 m m NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 18 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 19 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 20 deposit deposit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 21 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 22 nonamyloid nonamyloid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 23 granules granules NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 27 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 28 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 29 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 30 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 31 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1295 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 1 Light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 2 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 4 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 6 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 8 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 9 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 11 pass pass VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 12 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 14 glomerular glomerular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 15 filter filter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 18 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 20 wherein wherein WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 21 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 23 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 24 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 25 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 26 Bence Bence NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 27 Jones Jones NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 28 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1296 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 2 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 5 react react VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 7 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 8 dipstick dipstick NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 9 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 10 indicators indicator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 13 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 14 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 15 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 17 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 19 immunoprecipitation immunoprecipitation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1297 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 4 aiding aid VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 7 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 10 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 12 paraproteins paraprotein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 13 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 15 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 16 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 18 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 20 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1298 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 2 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 4 inhibit inhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 5 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 6 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 8 increase increase VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 10 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 12 deposit deposit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 14 glomerular glomerular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 15 basement basement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 16 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 18 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 19 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 20 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 21 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 23 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1299 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 1 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 3 27 27 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 5 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 7 28 28 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 10 precipitate precipitate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 11 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 12 cool cool JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 13 temperatures temperature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 16 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 18 bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 19 tendencies tendency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 21 hyperviscosity hyperviscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 22 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 24 glomerulopathies glomerulopathie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 27 cryoglobulinemia cryoglobulinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 29 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1300 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 1 Hyperviscosity Hyperviscosity NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 3 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 6 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 7 sequelae sequela NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 9 pathologically pathologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 10 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 12 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 16 slowed slow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 18 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 20 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 22 laminar laminar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 23 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1301 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 2 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 4 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 5 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 7 visual visual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 8 impairment impairment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 9 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 11 retinopathy retinopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 14 neurologic neurologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 15 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 17 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 19 tremors tremor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 21 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 22 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 23 behavior behavior NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1302 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 1 Cryoglobulinemia Cryoglobulinemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 4 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 6 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 7 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 9 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 10 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 12 precipitate precipitate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 13 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 14 temperatures temperature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 15 below below IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 16 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 17 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 18 temperature temperature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 20 cold cold JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 21 agglutinins agglutinin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1303 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 1 Precipitation precipitation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 2 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 9 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 11 extremities extremity NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 13 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 16 ears ear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 18 digits digit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 21 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 23 ischemic ischemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 24 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1304 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 2 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 3 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 5 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 6 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 8 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 10 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 12 osteolysis osteolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1305 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 1 Work work VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 3 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 4 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 5 cultures culture NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 6 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 7 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 8 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 12 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 13 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 14 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 15 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1306 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 1 Autopsy autopsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 2 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 3 depend depend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 6 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1307 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 2 advanced advanced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 5 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 6 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 8 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 10 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 13 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 15 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 16 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 17 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 19 hepatomegaly hepatomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 22 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 27 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 28 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 29 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1308 30 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1309 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1309 2 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1309 3 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1309 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 3 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 4 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 5 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 6 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1310 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 3 31 31 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 5 D D NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1311 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 3 depend depend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 5 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 6 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 8 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 9 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 11 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 15 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 18 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 21 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 23 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 25 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 26 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 27 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1312 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 1 Lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 2 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 3 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 4 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 5 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 7 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 8 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 11 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 13 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 14 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1313 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 7 densely densely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 8 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 10 welldifferentiated welldifferentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1314 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 1 Small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 2 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 3 infiltrate infiltrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 6 efface efface VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 9 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 12 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 13 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 15 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1315 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 2 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 4 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 5 dense dense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 6 accumulations accumulation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 8 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 12 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 13 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 14 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 16 portal portal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 17 triad triad NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1316 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1317 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1317 2 Cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1317 3 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1317 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 3 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 5 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 6 easily easily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 7 categorized categorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 9 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 12 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 15 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 22 extramedullary extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 23 plasmacytoma plasmacytoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 28 name name NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 29 implies imply VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 30 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 31 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 32 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 33 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 34 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 35 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 37 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 38 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 39 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 40 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 42 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 43 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 44 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 45 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 46 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 47 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 48 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 49 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 50 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 51 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 52 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 53 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 54 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 55 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 56 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 57 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 58 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 59 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 60 Cell Cell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 61 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1318 62 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1319 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1319 2 Myeloma Myeloma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1319 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 2 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 4 MM MM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 8 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 10 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 11 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 13 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 15 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 16 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 19 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 20 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 22 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 23 secretes secrete VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 24 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 25 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 27 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1320 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 2 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 4 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 9 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 11 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 13 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1321 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 3 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 4 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 5 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 6 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 7 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 8 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 12 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 13 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 14 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 15 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 16 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 18 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 20 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 22 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 25 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1322 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 1 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 4 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 6 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 8 finding find VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 10 minimum minimum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 12 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 14 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 16 opinions opinion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 17 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 21 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 22 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 23 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 24 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 25 Markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 26 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 27 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 29 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 30 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 33 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 34 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 36 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 38 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 39 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 40 32 32 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 42 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1323 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1324 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1325 1 Monoclonal Monoclonal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1325 2 gammopathy gammopathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1326 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1327 1 Radiographic radiographic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1327 2 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1327 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1327 4 osteolysis osteolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1328 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 1 Light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 2 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 3 proteinuria proteinuria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 4 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 5 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 6 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 7 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 9 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 12 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 14 hyperglobulinemia hyperglobulinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 17 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 18 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 20 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 21 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 23 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 25 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 26 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 27 subunit subunit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 28 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 30 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 31 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1329 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 2 homogeneous homogeneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 3 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 4 fraction fraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 7 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 8 paraprotein paraprotein NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 10 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 11 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1330 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 1 Paraproteins paraprotein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 2 produced produce VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 5 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 6 clone clone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 8 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 12 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 13 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 14 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 16 electric electric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 17 charge charge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1331 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 5 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 6 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 7 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 8 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 9 serum serum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 10 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 11 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 14 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 17 tall tall JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 19 narrow narrow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 20 spike spike NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 23 globulins globulins NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 24 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 26 termed term VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 27 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 28 gammopathy gammopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 30 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 31 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1332 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 3 32 32 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1333 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 3 gammopathy gammopathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 5 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 6 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 7 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 8 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 9 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 12 γ γ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 14 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 16 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 17 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 18 gel gel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1334 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 3 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 4 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 6 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 7 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 8 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 10 IgA IgA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 13 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 15 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 18 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 20 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1335 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 1 Occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 3 biclonal biclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 4 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 5 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 6 atypical atypical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 7 electrophoretic electrophoretic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 8 patterns pattern NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 11 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 13 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 14 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 17 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 19 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 20 degradation degradation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 22 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 23 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 24 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 26 binding bind VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 28 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 29 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 32 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 34 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 35 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 36 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 37 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 38 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 39 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 40 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1336 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 5 note note VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 6 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 7 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 8 gammopathy gammopathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 10 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 11 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 13 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 14 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 15 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 16 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 17 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 18 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 19 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 21 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 23 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 24 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 25 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 27 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 28 ehrlichiosis ehrlichiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 31 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 32 leishmaniasis leishmaniasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1337 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 1 Definitively definitively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 2 distinguishing distinguish VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 3 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 5 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 6 gammopathy gammopathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 7 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 8 immunoelectrophoresis immunoelectrophoresis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 10 immunofixation immunofixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 11 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 12 species species NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 14 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 15 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 16 recognizing recognize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 17 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 18 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 19 subclasses subclass NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 21 subunits subunit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1338 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 1 Occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 4 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 6 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 7 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 9 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 10 light light NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 11 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1339 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 2 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 3 monomer monomer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 4 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 6 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 7 heavy heavy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 8 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 10 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 11 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 12 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 13 connected connect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 15 disulfide disulfide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 16 bonds bond NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1340 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 2 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 3 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 5 deposit deposit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 7 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 9 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 10 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 11 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 13 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 14 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 15 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1341 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 3 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 4 chains chain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 5 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 6 amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 7 deposits deposit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 12 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 13 amyloid amyloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 14 light light NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 15 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 16 amyloidosis amyloidosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1342 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 1 But but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 2 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 5 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 6 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 9 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 11 replacement replacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 13 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 15 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 16 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 17 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 19 extent extent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 21 replacement replacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 23 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 24 indication indication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 27 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 30 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1343 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 2 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 4 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 5 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 7 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 8 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 10 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 13 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 18 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 19 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 22 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 24 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 27 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1344 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 2 would would MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 4 anticipated anticipate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 6 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 7 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 10 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 12 predominantly predominantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 13 influenced influence VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 16 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 18 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 20 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 22 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 25 reflection reflection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 28 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 31 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 34 frequency frequency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 36 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 37 episodes episode NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1345 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 1 Hemosiderin Hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 3 laden laden JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 5 persist persist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 7 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 9 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 11 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 12 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 13 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 15 consistent consistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 17 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1346 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 1 Kupffer Kupffer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 5 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 6 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 8 periportal periportal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 9 infiltrates infiltrate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 14 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 15 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 16 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 19 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1347 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 1 Bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 2 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 3 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 4 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 5 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 6 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 9 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 12 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1348 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 3 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 7 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 8 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 11 replacement replacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 13 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 15 intense intense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 17 orderly orderly JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 18 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1349 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 1 Granulocytes granulocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 3 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 4 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 5 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 8 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 11 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1350 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 6 hemosiderin hemosiderin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 8 laden laden JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 9 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 11 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 13 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 14 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 17 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1351 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 1 Emaciated emaciated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 7 serous serous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 8 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 10 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 12 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 13 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 14 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1352 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1353 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1353 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1353 3 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1353 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1353 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 2 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 4 viremic viremic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 5 episodes episode NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 7 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 9 depression depression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 11 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 13 petechial petechial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 14 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 17 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 18 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 21 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 22 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1354 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 1 Equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 4 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 6 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 9 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 12 Coggins Coggins NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 13 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 15 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 16 agarose agarose JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 17 gel gel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 18 immunodiffusion immunodiffusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 19 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 20 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 22 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 25 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 26 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 28 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1355 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1356 1 Congenital Congenital NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1356 2 Dyserythropoiesis Dyserythropoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1356 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1356 4 Polled poll VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1356 5 Herefords Herefords NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1356 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 4 congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 5 dyserythropoiesis dyserythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 7 alopecia alopecia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 10 polled poll VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 11 Hereford Hereford NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 12 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1357 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 2 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 4 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 6 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 8 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 11 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1358 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 1 Early early RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 4 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 6 hyperkeratosis hyperkeratosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 8 alopecia alopecia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 11 muzzle muzzle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 13 ears ear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 16 progresses progress VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 18 generalized generalized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 19 alopecia alopecia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 21 hyperkeratotic hyperkeratotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 22 dermatitis dermatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1359 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 5 orthokeratotic orthokeratotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 6 hyperkeratosis hyperkeratosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 8 dyskeratosis dyskeratosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 10 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 11 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 13 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 14 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 16 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 19 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 20 arrest arrest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1360 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 1 Ineffective ineffective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 2 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 3 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 5 nonregenerative nonregenerative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 7 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 8 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 9 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1361 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 1 Erythrocyte Erythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 2 band band NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 3 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 5 integral integral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 6 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 7 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 9 connects connect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 12 cytoskeleton cytoskeleton NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 14 aids aid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 16 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 17 stability stability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1362 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 2 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 3 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 5 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 6 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 8 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 9 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 11 Japanese japanese JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 12 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 13 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 15 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 17 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 18 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 19 fragility fragility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 21 spherocytosis spherocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 23 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 24 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 25 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 28 retarded retarded JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 29 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1363 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 2 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 3 show show VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 5 consistent consistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 10 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 11 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 12 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 13 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 15 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 18 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1364 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 5 bilirubin bilirubin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 6 accumulations accumulation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 9 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 12 hemosiderin hemosiderin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 14 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 15 tubules tubule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1365 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1366 1 Bovine Bovine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1366 2 Leukemia Leukemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1366 3 Virus Virus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1366 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 2 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 3 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 5 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 8 later later JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 9 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 11 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 13 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 14 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 15 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 16 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 17 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 19 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 21 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 22 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 23 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 24 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 25 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 27 Neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 29 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1367 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1368 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1368 2 Viral Viral NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1368 3 Diarrhea Diarrhea NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1368 4 Virus Virus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1368 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 1 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 2 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 5 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 7 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 11 thrombocytopenic thrombocytopenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 12 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 13 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 14 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 15 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 16 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 17 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 19 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 20 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 21 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 22 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1369 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 1 Investigations investigation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 4 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 6 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 8 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 9 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 11 resulted result VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 13 varying varying NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 15 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 16 conflicting conflict VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 18 conclusions conclusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1370 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 1 More More JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 2 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 3 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 4 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 6 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 7 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 8 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 10 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 12 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 14 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 15 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1371 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 3 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 4 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 6 megakaryocyte megakaryocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 7 necrosis necrosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 9 megakaryocyte megakaryocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 10 pyknosis pyknosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 12 osteoclasts osteoclast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 13 support support VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 15 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 17 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 21 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 22 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 23 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 24 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 26 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 27 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 28 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 29 increases increase VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 31 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 32 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 33 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 35 promotes promote VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 36 osteoclast osteoclast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 37 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1372 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 2 osteoclast osteoclast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 3 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 4 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 5 osteolysis osteolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 7 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 9 exact exact JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 10 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 12 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 13 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1373 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 1 Osteolysis Osteolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 2 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 3 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 5 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 6 pain pain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 8 lytic lytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 9 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 10 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 12 radiographs radiograph NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 14 hypercalcemia hypercalcemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 17 increased increase VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 18 serum serum JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 19 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 20 phosphatase phosphatase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 21 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1374 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 1 Later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 5 osteolysis osteolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 8 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 9 fractures fracture NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1375 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 1 Morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 3 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 5 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 7 grow grow VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 9 sheets sheet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 11 displace displace VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 13 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 17 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 18 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1376 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 2 proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 3 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 4 criterion criterion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 6 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 7 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 9 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 12 constitute constitute VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 13 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 14 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 16 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 19 nucleated nucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 23 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1377 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 1 Welldifferentiated welldifferentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 2 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 5 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 7 abundant abundant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 8 basophilic basophilic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 9 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 11 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 13 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 14 rough rough JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 15 endoplasmic endoplasmic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 16 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 20 perinuclear perinuclear NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 21 pale pale NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 22 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 24 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 25 Golgi Golgi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 26 apparatus apparatus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 27 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 29 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 31 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 33 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 34 anisocytosis anisocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 36 anisokaryosis anisokaryosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 37 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 38 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 39 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 40 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 41 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 42 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 43 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1378 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 2 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 4 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 7 bright bright JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 8 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 9 fringe fringe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 10 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 12 accumulated accumulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 13 IgA IgA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 16 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1379 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 3 32 32 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 5 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1380 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 1 Nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 3 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 5 clumped clumped JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 6 chromatin chromatin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 9 peripherally peripherally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 10 placed place VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 13 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 15 binucleation binucleation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 17 multinucleation multinucleation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 19 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1381 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 1 Poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 2 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 3 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 6 lack lack VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 7 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 8 display display VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 9 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 10 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 11 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1382 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 1 Osteolysis osteolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 6 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 7 microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1383 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 1 Common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 2 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 4 metastasis metastasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 9 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 11 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 12 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 15 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1384 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1385 1 Flavin Flavin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1385 2 Adenine Adenine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1385 3 Dinucleotide Dinucleotide NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1385 4 Deficiency Deficiency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1385 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 1 Flavin flavin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 2 adenine adenine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 3 dinucleotide dinucleotide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 5 FAD fad NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 9 cofactor cofactor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 11 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 13 b b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 14 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 15 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 20 maintains maintain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 21 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 23 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 24 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 25 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 26 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 29 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 30 glutathione glutathione NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 31 reductase reductase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 33 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 34 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 35 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 36 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 37 protects protect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 38 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 39 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 40 oxidative oxidative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 41 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1386 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 1 Reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 4 Spanish spanish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 5 mustang mustang NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 6 mare mare NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 9 Kentucky Kentucky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 10 mountain mountain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 11 saddle saddle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 12 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 13 gelding gelding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 15 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 16 FAD fad NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 17 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 20 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 22 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 23 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 24 riboflavin riboflavin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 25 kinase kinase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 26 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 28 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 29 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 31 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 32 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 34 converting convert VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 35 riboflavin riboflavin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 36 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 37 FAD fad NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1387 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 1 Clinicopathologic Clinicopathologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 2 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 4 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 5 methemoglobinemia methemoglobinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 7 26 26 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 8 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 10 46 46 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 11 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 13 eccentrocytosis eccentrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 16 slightly slightly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 17 decreased decreased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 19 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 20 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 23 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 24 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 27 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1388 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1389 1 Equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1389 2 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1389 3 Anemia Anemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1389 4 Virus Virus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1389 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 1 Equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 4 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 6 EIAV EIAV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 10 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 12 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 13 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 18 lentivirus lentivirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 20 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 24 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 25 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 26 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 27 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 29 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 31 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 32 ponies pony NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 34 donkeys donkey NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 37 mules mule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1390 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 2 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 4 mechanically mechanically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 5 transmitted transmit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 7 biting bite VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 8 flies fly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 12 horseflies horsefly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 14 deer deer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 15 flies fly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1391 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 1 Less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 2 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 3 routes route NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 5 transmission transmission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 7 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 8 transfusions transfusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 10 contaminated contaminated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 11 medical medical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 12 equipment equipment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 15 transplacentally transplacentally NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1392 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 1 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 3 present present VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 7 subacute subacute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 11 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 14 potentially potentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 15 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1393 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 1 After after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 2 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 3 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 4 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 6 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 8 depression depression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 11 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 12 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 13 lasts last VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 14 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 16 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 17 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 19 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 22 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 23 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 25 recurrent recurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 26 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 28 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 31 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1394 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 5 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 7 subsides subside VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 8 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 10 year year NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 13 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 14 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 15 lifelong lifelong JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 16 carriers carrier NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 18 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 20 EIAV EIAV NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1395 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 1 EIAV EIAV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 2 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 3 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 5 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 6 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 9 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 11 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 12 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1396 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 1 Hemolysis Hemolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 3 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 4 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 5 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 7 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 9 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 10 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 11 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 13 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 14 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1397 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 2 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 6 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 7 suppression suppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 9 earlystage earlystage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 10 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 14 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 16 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 17 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 19 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 21 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1398 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 1 Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 2 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 3 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 5 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 8 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 9 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 11 suppressed suppress VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 12 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 13 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1399 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 1 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 2 dying die VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 3 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 5 crises crisis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 7 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 9 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 10 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 12 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 13 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1400 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 2 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 4 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 6 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 8 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 11 turgid turgid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 14 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 16 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 17 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 18 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 19 superficial superficial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 20 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 21 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1401 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 1 Petechiae Petechiae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 3 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 4 beneath beneath IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 6 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 7 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 9 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 11 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 13 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1402 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 3 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 7 necessarily necessarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 8 anemic anemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1403 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 3 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 4 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 6 episodes episode NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 8 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 10 hyperventilationinduced hyperventilationinduced NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 11 alkalemia alkalemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1404 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 1 Lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 3 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 5 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 9 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 10 mucous mucous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 11 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 13 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 15 hepatosplenomegaly hepatosplenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 18 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 19 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 20 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 22 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 23 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 25 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 26 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 27 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1405 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 2 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 3 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 5 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 6 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 8 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 10 detect detect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 12 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 13 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1406 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1407 1 Erythrocyte Erythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1407 2 Structural Structural NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1407 3 Abnormalities Abnormalities NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1407 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 2 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 3 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 4 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 8 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 9 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 10 composition composition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 12 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 13 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 16 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 18 cytoskeleton cytoskeleton NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1408 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 4 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 5 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 6 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 7 concurrently concurrently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 13 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 14 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 15 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1409 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 1 Hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 2 stomatocytosis stomatocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 6 Alaskan alaskan JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 7 malamutes malamute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 9 Drentse Drentse NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 10 patrijshonds patrijshond NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 13 schnauzers schnauzer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1410 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 2 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 3 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 9 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 11 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 12 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 15 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 16 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 17 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1411 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 3 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 4 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 5 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 7 stomatocytes stomatocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 8 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 10 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 11 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 14 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 17 slit slit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 19 shaped shaped JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 20 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 22 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 23 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1412 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 1 Erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 4 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 5 osmotic osmotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 6 fragility fragility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 8 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 9 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1413 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 1 Schnauzers schnauzer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 3 clinically clinically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 4 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 7 anemic anemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 9 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 10 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 11 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 13 suggesting suggest VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 14 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 16 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 17 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 19 compensated compensate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 21 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1414 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 1 Mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 3 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 4 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 5 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 7 documented document VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 9 Alaskan alaskan JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 10 malamutes malamute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 12 Drentse Drentse NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 13 patrijshonds patrijshond NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1415 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 1 Alaskan alaskan JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 2 malamutes malamute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 4 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 5 short short JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 7 limb limb NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 8 dwarfism dwarfism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 11 Drentse Drentse NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 12 patrijshonds patrijshond NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 13 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 14 hypertrophic hypertrophic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 15 gastritis gastritis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 17 polycystic polycystic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 18 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 19 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1416 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 3 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 4 heritable heritable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 6 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 7 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 9 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 11 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 12 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 13 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 15 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 16 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 17 elliptocytosis elliptocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 18 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 20 band band NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 21 4.1 4.1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 22 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 24 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 25 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 26 spectrin spectrin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 27 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 30 familial familial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 31 macrocytosis macrocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 33 dyshematopoiesis dyshematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 34 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 35 poodles poodle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1417 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1418 1 Scott Scott NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1418 2 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1418 3 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1418 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 2 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 3 thrombopathy thrombopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 4 resembling resemble VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 5 Scott Scott NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 6 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 7 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 9 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 10 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 14 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 15 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 16 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 17 procoagulant procoagulant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 18 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 20 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 21 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 22 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 25 family family NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 27 German german JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 28 shepherd shepherd NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 29 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1419 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 2 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 3 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 5 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 9 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 10 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 13 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 14 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 15 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 16 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 17 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 18 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 20 phosphatidylserine phosphatidylserine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 21 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 23 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 24 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1420 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 5 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 7 moderate moderate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 9 bleeding bleeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 10 tendency tendency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 11 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 13 epistaxis epistaxis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 15 hyphema hyphema NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 17 intramuscular intramuscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 18 hematoma hematoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 19 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 22 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 23 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 25 surgery surgery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1421 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1422 1 Macrothrombocytopenia Macrothrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1422 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 1 Macrothrombocytopenia Macrothrombocytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 4 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 5 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 7 Cavalier Cavalier NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 8 King King NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 9 Charles Charles NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 10 spaniels spaniel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 13 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 15 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 16 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 17 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 18 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 20 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 22 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 24 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 25 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1423 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 4 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 6 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 7 β β NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 8 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 9 -tubulin -tubulin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 12 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 14 impaired impaired JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 15 microtubule microtubule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 16 assembly assembly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1424 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 4 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 5 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 7 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 8 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 9 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 10 aggregation aggregation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 12 vitro vitro FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 1425 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1426 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1426 2 Distemper Distemper NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1426 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 2 distemper distemper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 3 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 4 preferentially preferentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 5 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 8 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 11 nervous nervous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 15 presented present VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 17 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 18 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 22 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1427 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 2 distemper distemper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 3 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 6 infect infect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 7 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 8 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 11 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 12 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 14 nonlymphoid nonlymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 15 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 18 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 22 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 23 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 24 33 33 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 28 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 29 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 30 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 31 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 32 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 33 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 35 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 37 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 39 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 41 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 42 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 43 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 44 viremia viremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1428 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 2 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 5 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 7 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 9 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 10 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 11 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 13 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 14 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 16 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 17 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 18 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 20 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1429 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1430 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1430 2 Erythrocyte Erythrocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1430 3 Osmotic osmotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1430 4 Fragility Fragility NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1430 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 2 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 3 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 6 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 7 osmotic osmotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 8 fragility fragility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 9 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 10 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 11 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 13 Abyssinian abyssinian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 15 Somali somali JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1431 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 2 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 3 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 6 degeneration degeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 9 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 10 thrombopoiesis thrombopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 12 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 13 hyperplasia hyperplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 15 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 16 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 18 immature immature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 19 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 25 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 26 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 27 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 29 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 30 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 31 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 32 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 33 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 34 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 36 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 37 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 38 megakaryocyte megakaryocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 39 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 41 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 42 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 43 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 44 experimental experimental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 45 subjects subject NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1432 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 1 Calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 2 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 4 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 5 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 6 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 9 impaired impair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 10 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 11 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1433 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 4 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 7 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 8 thrombocytopenic thrombocytopenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 10 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 12 multisystemic multisystemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 13 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 15 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 18 digestive digestive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 19 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 21 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 23 gallbladder gallbladder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 25 urinary urinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 26 bladder bladder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 29 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 30 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1434 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 1 Histologic Histologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 4 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 6 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 7 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 9 enterocytes enterocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 11 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 12 erosions erosion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 14 crypt crypt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 15 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 17 microabscesses microabscesse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 20 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 21 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 24 gut gut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 25 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 26 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 27 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 28 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 30 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 31 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 32 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 35 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1435 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 1 Lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 7 variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 10 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 11 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1436 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1437 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1437 2 Neonatal Neonatal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1437 3 Pancytopenia Pancytopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1437 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 2 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 3 pancytopenia pancytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 5 BNP BNP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 8 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 10 alloantibodies alloantibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 11 absorbed absorb VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 13 colostrum colostrum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 15 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 18 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 19 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 21 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1438 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 2 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 3 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 4 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 7 Europe Europe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 10 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 11 2000s 2000 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 13 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 14 since since IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 15 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 16 experimentally experimentally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 17 correlated correlate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 19 prior prior JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 20 vaccination vaccination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 22 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 23 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 24 ' ' POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 25 dams dam NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 28 commercial commercial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 29 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 30 vaccine vaccine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 32 Pregsure Pregsure NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 33 BVD BVD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 34 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 35 Pfizer Pfizer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 36 Animal Animal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 37 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1439 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 4 since since IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 5 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 6 voluntarily voluntarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 7 recalled recall VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 10 market market NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1440 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 3 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 5 vaccination vaccination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 6 induces induce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 7 alloantibody alloantibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 8 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 11 dam dam NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1441 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 2 alloantibodies alloantibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 4 ingested ingest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 7 calf calf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 9 bind bind VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 12 calf calf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 13 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 14 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 15 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 16 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 18 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 20 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 21 compromise compromise NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 23 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1442 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 1 Acutely acutely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 2 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 3 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 5 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 6 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 8 year year NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 10 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 12 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 13 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 14 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 16 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1443 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 1 Death death NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 2 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 4 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 6 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 7 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 9 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 11 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 12 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 13 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 15 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 16 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 18 enteritis enteritis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 21 septicemia septicemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1444 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 5 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 7 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 9 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 12 megakaryocytic megakaryocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 13 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1445 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1446 1 Cyclic Cyclic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1446 2 Hematopoiesis Hematopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1446 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 1 Cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 2 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 5 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 7 lethal lethal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 8 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 9 collie collie NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 14 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 15 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 16 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 18 pluripotent pluripotent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 19 HSCs hscs NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 21 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 22 collie collie NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 23 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1447 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 2 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 5 adaptor adaptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 6 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 7 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 9 AP3 AP3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 11 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 13 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 14 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 15 signaling signaling NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 17 predictable predictable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 18 fluctuations fluctuation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 20 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 24 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 25 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 27 14-day 14-day CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 28 cycles cycle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1448 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 2 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 4 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 5 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 6 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 11 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 12 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 14 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 15 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 17 monocytosis monocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 20 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1449 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 1 Production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 3 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 4 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 5 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 7 regulation regulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 9 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 12 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1450 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 1 Neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 2 predisposes predispose VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 3 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 6 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 9 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 10 die die VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 12 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 13 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1451 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 4 dilute dilute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 5 hair hair NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 6 coats coat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 8 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 10 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 12 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 13 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 14 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 16 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 19 lungs lung NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 21 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 22 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 25 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1452 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 2 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 3 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 4 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 5 weeks week NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 7 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 9 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 10 amyloidosis amyloidosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 13 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 14 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 16 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 17 increases increase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 19 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 21 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 22 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 23 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 24 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 25 phases phase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 27 monocytosis monocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1453 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1454 1 Phosphofructokinase Phosphofructokinase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1454 2 Deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1454 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 1 Inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 2 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 3 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 4 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 7 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 8 glycolytic glycolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 11 phosphofructokinase phosphofructokinase NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 13 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 17 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 19 English English NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 20 springer springer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 21 spaniel spaniel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 23 American american JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 24 cocker cocker NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 25 spaniel spaniel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 28 mixed mix VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 30 breed breed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 31 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1455 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 3 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 4 genes gene NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 5 encoding encode VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 6 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 7 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 9 designated designate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 10 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 12 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 14 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 16 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 18 L l NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 20 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 22 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 25 P p NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 27 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 29 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1456 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 2 point point NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 3 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 6 gene gene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 7 coding coding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 9 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 11 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 12 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 15 unstable unstable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 17 truncated truncated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 18 molecule molecule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1457 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 1 Erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 3 PFK PFK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 5 deficient deficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 7 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 8 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 9 ATP ATP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 11 2,3-diphosphoglycerate 2,3-diphosphoglycerate CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 13 2,3-DPG 2,3-dpg CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 15 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 17 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 18 fragility fragility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 19 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 20 alkaline alkaline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 21 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1458 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 7 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 9 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 10 reticulocytosis reticulocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1459 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 2 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 3 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 6 compensate compensate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 9 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 10 hemolysis hemolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 11 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 12 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 13 Erythrophagocytosis Erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 15 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 18 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 19 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 21 ischemia ischemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 23 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 25 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 26 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 28 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 30 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 33 lungs lung NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1460 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 2 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 3 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 4 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 5 acutely acutely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 6 ill ill JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 8 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 10 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 13 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 15 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 16 die die VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 17 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 18 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 20 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 21 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1461 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 2 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 3 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 5 cytauxzoonosis cytauxzoonosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 6 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 7 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 10 almost almost RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 11 always always RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 12 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1462 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 4 recent recent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 7 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 10 PK PK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 11 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 14 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 15 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 16 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 18 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 19 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 21 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 22 excluded exclude VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 25 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1463 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 2 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 5 intermittent intermittent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 6 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 10 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 11 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 12 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 13 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 14 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 16 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 17 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 19 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 21 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 23 hyperbilirubinemia hyperbilirubinemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1464 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1465 1 Cytauxzoonosis Cytauxzoonosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1465 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 1 Cytauxzoonosis Cytauxzoonosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 4 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 7 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 10 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 11 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 12 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 15 protozoal protozoal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 16 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 18 Cytauxzoon Cytauxzoon NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 19 felis felis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1466 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 1 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 3 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 7 south south JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 8 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 9 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 10 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 12 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 13 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 14 summer summer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 15 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1467 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 1 Bobcats Bobcats NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 3 Lynx Lynx NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 4 rufus rufus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 7 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 8 wild wild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 9 felids felid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 11 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 14 wildlife wildlife NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 15 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1468 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 1 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 2 felis felis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 4 transmitted transmit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 7 tick tick NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 8 vector vector NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 10 Dermacentor Dermacentor NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 11 variabilis variabilis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 15 probably probably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 16 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 18 infectivity infectivity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 21 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1469 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 1 Cytauxzoonosis Cytauxzoonosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 4 schizogenous schizogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 5 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 7 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 8 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 10 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 12 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 13 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 15 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 17 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 26 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 27 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 28 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 29 illness illness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1470 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 2 schizontcontaining schizontcontaine VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 3 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 4 enlarge enlarge VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 6 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 7 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 9 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 11 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 13 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 14 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 15 vessel vessel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 16 occlusion occlusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 18 circulatory circulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 19 impairment impairment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 22 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 23 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1471 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 1 Later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 5 merozoites merozoite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 6 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 7 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 8 schizonts schizont NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 9 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 10 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 12 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 15 erythrocytic erythrocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 16 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 18 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1472 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 1 Infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 2 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 3 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 6 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 7 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 11 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 16 unclear unclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1473 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 4 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 5 represents represent VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 6 preregenerative preregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 7 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 9 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 10 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 11 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 14 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 15 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 17 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 18 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1474 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 1 Infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 2 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 5 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 6 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 8 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 11 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 12 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 13 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 14 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 16 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 17 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 18 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 20 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1475 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 3 smear smear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 4 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 6 signet signet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 7 ring ring NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 9 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 10 erythrocytic erythrocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 11 inclusions inclusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 13 piroplasms piroplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 15 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 16 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 17 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 18 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 20 erythrocytic erythrocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 21 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 23 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 27 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 28 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 29 34 34 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1476 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 2 inclusions inclusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 3 closely closely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 4 resemble resemble VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 5 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1477 7 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1478 1 Babesia Babesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1478 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1478 3 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1478 4 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1478 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 3 24 24 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 5 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 8 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 9 Theileria Theileria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 10 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1479 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 1 Postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 2 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 3 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 4 shows show VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 5 pallor pallor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 7 icterus icterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 9 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 11 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 13 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 15 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 17 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 19 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 21 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 24 multisystemic multisystemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 25 petechiae petechia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 27 ecchymoses ecchymosis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1480 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 2 obstruction obstruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 5 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 6 distention distention NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 8 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 9 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1481 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 1 Cavitary cavitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 2 effusions effusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 4 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 6 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 7 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1482 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 3 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 5 schizont schizont JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 7 laden laden JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 8 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 9 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 11 venous venous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 13 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 14 lumens lumen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 16 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 17 completely completely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 18 occlude occlude VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 20 lumens lumen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 26 35 35 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1483 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 1 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 3 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 5 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 7 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 9 differentiate differentiate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 12 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1484 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 2 mammals mammal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 5 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 6 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 7 HSCs hsc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 10 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 14 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 15 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 16 continue continue VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 18 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 19 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 21 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1485 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 1 Ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 4 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 5 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 6 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 8 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 11 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 12 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 13 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1486 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 1 Progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 2 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 3 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 4 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 9 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 11 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 12 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 15 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1487 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 2 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 9 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 11 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 12 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 13 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 16 responsible responsible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 19 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 20 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 22 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 24 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 25 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 27 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 29 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 31 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 32 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 33 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 34 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 35 reactions reaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1488 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 1 At at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 2 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 3 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 5 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 7 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 9 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 11 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 12 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 13 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 15 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 18 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 20 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 22 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 23 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1489 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 2 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 5 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 8 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 9 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 13 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 15 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 16 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 18 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 20 participate participate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 23 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 25 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 27 materials material NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1490 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 2 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 3 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 5 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 8 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 9 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 11 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 12 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1491 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 2 remaining remain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 3 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 5 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 8 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 11 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 12 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 14 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 15 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 17 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 20 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 22 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 23 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 24 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 26 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 27 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 30 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 32 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 33 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 34 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1492 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 1 Errors error NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 3 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 5 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 6 sampling sampling NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 7 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 9 artifacts artifact NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 11 compression compression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 13 incorrect incorrect JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 14 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 16 histopathologic histopathologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 18 immunohistochemical immunohistochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 19 examinations examination NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 21 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 23 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 24 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 25 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 26 analysis analysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1493 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 2 identification identification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 4 remedies remedy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 7 problems problem NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 9 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 11 E E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 12 - - NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 13 Appendix Appendix NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 14 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 15 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 16 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1494 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 2 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 4 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 7 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 9 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 12 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 13 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 15 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 18 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 20 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 23 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 25 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 26 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 27 generated generate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 30 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 31 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 33 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 34 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 35 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 36 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1495 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 2 basic basic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 3 arrangement arrangement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 6 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 8 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 9 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 10 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 12 paired pair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 13 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 14 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 16 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 18 right right RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 21 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 22 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 23 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 24 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 26 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 27 inlet inlet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 30 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 31 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 32 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 34 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 35 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 36 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 37 bilobed bilobe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1496 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 2 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 3 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 5 positioned position VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 6 ventrolateral ventrolateral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 9 trachea trachea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 11 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 14 carotid carotid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 15 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 18 extend extend VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 19 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 21 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 22 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 23 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 25 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 26 inlet inlet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 27 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 28 far far RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 29 cranially cranially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 30 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 32 larynx larynx NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1497 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 2 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 3 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 4 bridges bridge NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 5 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 7 cervical cervical NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 10 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 11 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1498 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 2 right right JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 3 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 4 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 6 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 7 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 9 completely completely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 10 absent absent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1499 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 2 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 3 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 4 lies lie VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 7 ventral ventral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 8 aspect aspect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 11 cranial cranial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 12 mediastinum mediastinum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 14 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 17 ruminant ruminant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 19 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 22 dorsal dorsal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 25 extends extend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 26 caudally caudally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 27 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 28 far far RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 29 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 31 pericardium pericardium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1500 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 1 Horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 2 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 3 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 4 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 5 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 7 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 9 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 13 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 14 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 15 constitutes constitute VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 17 bulk bulk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 20 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1501 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1502 1 Ruminant- Ruminant- NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1503 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1503 2 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1503 3 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1503 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1503 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1503 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 2 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 4 right right JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 5 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 6 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 8 fused fuse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 10 unlike unlike IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 12 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 15 lie lie VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 18 dorsal dorsal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 19 aspect aspect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 22 cranial cranial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 23 mediastinum mediastinum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1504 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1505 1 Pig- pig- NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1506 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1506 2 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1506 3 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1506 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1506 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1506 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 1 Dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 2 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 3 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 4 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 5 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 6 regress regress VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 7 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 8 early early RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 10 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 11 appear appear VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 12 absent absent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1507 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 2 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 3 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 4 extends extend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 5 caudally caudally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 8 pericardium pericardium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1508 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1509 1 Cat- Cat- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 2 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 3 lobes lobe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 5 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 9 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 10 lobe lobe NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 13 forms form VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 15 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 18 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 20 extends extend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 21 caudally caudally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 24 pericardium pericardium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 26 molds mold NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 28 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 29 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1510 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 2 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 4 referred refer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 8 lymphoepithelial lymphoepithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 9 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 11 hence hence RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 13 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 15 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 17 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 18 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1511 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 1 Formed form VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 4 endoderm endoderm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 7 third third JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 8 pharyngeal pharyngeal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 9 pouch pouch NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 12 fetus fetus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 15 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 16 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 18 infiltrated infiltrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 21 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 22 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 24 surrounding surround VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 25 mesoderm mesoderm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 27 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 30 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 33 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 34 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 35 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1512 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 2 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 3 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 4 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 6 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 7 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 9 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 10 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 14 fill fill VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 15 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 16 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 18 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 19 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1513 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 2 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 3 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 4 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 5 surrounds surround VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 10 attached attach VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 11 thin thin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 12 septa septa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 13 subdivide subdivide VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 15 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 17 partially partially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 18 separated separate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 19 lobules lobule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1514 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 1 Each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 2 report report NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 5 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 6 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 7 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 10 subregion subregion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 13 endemic endemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 14 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 17 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 18 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 19 survived survive VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 20 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 22 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 23 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 25 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 26 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 27 99 99 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 28 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 29 homology homology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 31 Cytauxzoon Cytauxzoon NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 32 felis felis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 34 suggests suggest VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 36 emergence emergence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 38 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 39 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 40 virulent virulent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 41 strain strain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1515 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 1 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 4 oncogenic oncogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 6 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 7 lentivirus lentivirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 9 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 10 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 11 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 13 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 14 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 15 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 17 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1516 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 1 Manifestations manifestation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 4 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 6 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 7 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 8 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 9 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 11 dose dose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 13 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 14 genetics genetic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 17 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 18 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 20 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 21 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 22 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 24 probably probably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 25 suppressed suppress VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 27 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 28 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 30 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 31 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1517 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 1 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 2 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 3 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 4 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 6 soon soon RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 7 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 9 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 11 exposed expose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 13 continues continue VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 15 replicate replicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 17 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 19 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 20 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 22 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 23 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 24 remain remain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 25 persistently persistently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 26 viremic viremic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1518 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 2 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 3 disrupts disrupt VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 4 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 5 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 7 inducing induce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 8 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 9 mutations mutation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 12 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 13 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 14 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 17 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 18 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 19 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 20 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 25 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 26 altered altered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 27 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 28 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 29 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1519 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 1 Hematologic Hematologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 2 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 4 dysmyelopoiesis dysmyelopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 6 resultant resultant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 7 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 9 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 11 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 12 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 15 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 16 transformation transformation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 18 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 21 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1520 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 2 notable notable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 5 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 8 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 10 macrocytic macrocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 11 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 13 macrocytes macrocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 16 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 19 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 21 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 22 regeneration regeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 24 inappropriate inappropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 25 metarubricytosis metarubricytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1521 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 2 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 3 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 4 subgroup subgroup NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 5 C c NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 6 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 7 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 8 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 9 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 11 probably probably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 12 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 14 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 16 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 18 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 19 erythroid erythroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 20 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1522 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 1 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 4 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 6 megakaryocytes megakaryocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 8 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 10 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 11 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 14 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 16 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 17 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 19 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 20 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 22 thrombocytosis thrombocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 24 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 25 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 26 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 29 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 30 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1523 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 1 Proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 4 FeLV felv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 6 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 7 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 9 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 10 cytopathic cytopathic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 11 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 13 myelophthisis myelophthisis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 16 immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 17 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1524 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 1 Platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 2 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 3 span span NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 5 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 8 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 11 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 13 FeLV felv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 15 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1525 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 1 Persistently persistently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 2 viremic viremic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 3 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 5 immunosuppressed immunosuppressed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 8 prone prone JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 10 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 11 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 12 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 15 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 16 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 20 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 23 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1526 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 1 CBC CBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 2 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 3 attributed attribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 5 FeLV felv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 6 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 7 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 8 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 9 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 11 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 12 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 18 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 20 cyclical cyclical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1527 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 1 Regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 5 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 7 FeLV felv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 8 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 10 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 11 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 13 coinfection coinfection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 15 M. M. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 16 haemofelis haemofelis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1528 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 1 Hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 3 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 4 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 5 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 9 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1529 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 3 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 4 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 7 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 10 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 11 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 13 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 14 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 16 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 18 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 19 cytopenias cytopenia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 21 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 22 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1530 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 7 hypocellular hypocellular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 9 normocellular normocellular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 12 hypercellular hypercellular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1531 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 4 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 5 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 7 erythroid erythroid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 8 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 10 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 11 arrest arrest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 14 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 15 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1532 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1533 1 Feline Feline NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1533 2 Immunodeficiency Immunodeficiency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1533 3 Virus Virus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1533 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 1 Feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 3 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 5 FIV FIV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 8 another another DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 9 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 10 lentivirus lentivirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 12 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 16 minority minority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 18 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 19 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1534 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 1 Immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 2 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 4 FIV fiv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 6 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 7 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 9 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 10 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1535 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 3 generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 4 accepted accept VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 7 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 9 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 10 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 12 FIV fiv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 13 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 15 instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 16 develops develop VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 17 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 19 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 20 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 21 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 22 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 23 coinfection coinfection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 25 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 27 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 28 mycoplasma mycoplasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 30 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 31 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 33 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 34 malignancy malignancy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1536 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 2 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 4 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 8 FIV FIV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 10 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 11 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 12 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 15 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 16 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 17 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 18 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 19 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1537 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 2 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 4 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 6 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 7 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 10 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 11 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 13 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 14 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 17 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 19 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 21 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 23 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 25 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 26 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1538 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 3 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 8 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 9 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 11 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 12 texts text NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 15 broadly broadly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 16 categorized categorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 17 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 18 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 20 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 22 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1539 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 2 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 3 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 5 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 9 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 10 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 13 bursa bursa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 15 Fabricius Fabricius NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 17 birds bird NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 21 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 22 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 23 761.e1 761.e1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 24 CHAPTER chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 25 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 26 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 27 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 29 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 30 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 34 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 35 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 36 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1540 37 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 3 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 4 involutes involute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 5 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 6 sexual sexual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 7 maturity maturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 9 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 11 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 14 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 15 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 16 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 18 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 20 discern discern VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 21 unless unless IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 23 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 25 extreme extreme JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 27 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 28 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 29 matched match VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 30 control control NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 31 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 32 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 33 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1541 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 1 Before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 2 sexual sexual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 3 maturity maturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 5 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 7 easily easily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 8 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 11 lobular lobular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 12 white white NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 14 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 15 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 18 thin thin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 19 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1542 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 1 After after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 2 sexual sexual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 3 maturity maturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 5 gland gland NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 8 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 9 indistinguishable indistinguishable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 11 adipose adipose JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 12 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 13 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 16 cranial cranial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 17 mediastinum mediastinum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 19 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 20 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 21 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 22 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 23 remain remain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1543 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 2 extremely extremely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 3 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 4 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 7 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 8 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 9 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 11 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 12 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 15 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 17 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 18 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 20 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 22 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 23 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 25 extreme extreme JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 26 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 28 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 29 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 31 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 32 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1544 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 1 Enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 4 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 8 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 10 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1545 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 1 Serial serial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 2 sectioning sectioning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 5 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 6 allows allow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 8 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 9 identification identification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 11 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 13 cysts cyst NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 16 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1546 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 1 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 2 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 4 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 5 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 7 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 8 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 10 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 12 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 13 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 15 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1547 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 5 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 7 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 10 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 12 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 15 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 17 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 22 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 23 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 24 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 25 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 27 wrinkled wrinkled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 29 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 30 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1548 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 2 appearance appearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 5 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 6 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 9 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 11 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 12 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 13 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 14 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 16 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 18 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 20 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 22 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 24 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 26 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 28 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 30 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 32 visibility visibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 35 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 36 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 38 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 39 reflects reflect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 41 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 42 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 43 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 44 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 45 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 47 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 48 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 49 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 50 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 51 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 52 congested congest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 53 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 54 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1549 55 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 2 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 3 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 5 syn syn NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 6 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 7 necropsy necropsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 11 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 13 dissected dissect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 14 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 16 checked check VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 18 torsion torsion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 21 gastrosplenic gastrosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 22 ligament ligament NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 25 nonruminants nonruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1550 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 4 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 5 sliced slice VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 6 transversely transversely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 8 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 9 5-mm 5-mm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 10 intervals interval NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 12 serial serial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 13 sectioning sectioning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 18 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 19 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 21 checked check VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 22 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 23 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1551 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 1 Specimens specimen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 3 taken take VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 5 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 7 require require VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 8 fresh fresh JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 9 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 11 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 13 bacteriologic bacteriologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 15 virologic virologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 16 examinations examination NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 21 remaining remain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 22 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 23 - - NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 24 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 26 placed place VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 28 fixative fixative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 30 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 31 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 32 buffered buffer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 33 neutral neutral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 34 formalin formalin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1552 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 2 diffusely diffusely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 3 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 4 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 5 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 7 serially serially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 8 sectioned section VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 10 determine determine VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 11 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 13 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 15 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 17 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1553 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 2 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 5 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 6 congested congest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 7 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 11 bluish bluish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 13 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 15 exudes exude VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 16 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 18 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 19 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 22 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 23 cut cut VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 24 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 26 noncongested noncongested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 27 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 28 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 29 ooze ooze VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 30 little little JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 31 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 33 meaty meaty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 34 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 38 color color NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 39 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 40 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 41 how how WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 42 much much JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 43 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 45 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 46 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 47 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 48 replaced replace VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 49 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 50 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 51 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 52 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 53 stored store VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 54 materials material NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 55 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 56 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 57 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 58 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 60 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 61 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 62 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 63 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 64 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 65 -5 -5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 66 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1554 67 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 2 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 5 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 7 weighed weigh VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 13 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 14 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 17 dimensions dimension NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 19 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 21 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 22 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 25 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 27 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 28 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 30 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 31 information information NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 33 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 34 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 35 interpret interpret VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1555 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 3 essential essential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 5 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 7 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 9 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 10 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 12 be be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 13 serially serially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 14 sectioned section VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 17 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 18 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 19 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 20 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 22 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 25 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1556 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 1 Nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 4 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 5 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 7 ooze ooze NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 10 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 11 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 13 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 15 tan tan NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 18 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 19 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 20 texture texture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 24 mixture mixture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 26 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1557 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 2 wedge wedge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 3 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 4 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 7 interface interface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 8 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 10 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 13 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 14 nonmass nonmass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 15 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 16 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 18 collected collect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 20 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 22 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 25 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 26 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 27 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 28 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 30 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 32 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 35 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 36 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 37 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 38 missed miss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1558 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 2 color color NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 5 capsular capsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 6 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 9 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 11 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 12 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 13 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 15 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 18 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 21 opacity opacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 23 translucence translucence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 26 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 27 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1559 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 2 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 4 opacity opacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 7 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 10 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 13 thickness thickness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 16 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 18 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1560 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 3 capsules capsule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 5 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 7 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 9 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 11 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 12 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 13 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 14 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 16 color color NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 19 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 20 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 22 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 23 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 24 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 26 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1561 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 3 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 5 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 8 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 11 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 12 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 14 thin thin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 17 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 19 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 22 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 24 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1562 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 2 tenseness tenseness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 5 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 6 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 8 how how WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 9 much much JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 11 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 12 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 14 distended distend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 16 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 17 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 18 devoid devoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 21 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 22 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 24 wrinkled wrinkled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 25 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1563 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 1 Irregular irregular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 2 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 4 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 5 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 9 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 14 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 16 nonuniform nonuniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 17 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 19 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 21 intermingled intermingle VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 22 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 24 wrinkled wrinkled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 25 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1564 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 3 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 5 dissected dissect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 6 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 8 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 10 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 11 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 14 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 15 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 16 attachment attachment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 18 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 19 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 20 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 21 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 22 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 23 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 24 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 25 attachments attachment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 26 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 27 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 28 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 29 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 30 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 32 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1565 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 2 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 3 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 4 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 5 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 7 measurement measurement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 9 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 12 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 15 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 17 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 19 intact intact JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1566 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 2 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 5 examined examine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 8 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 10 bulging bulge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 11 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 13 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 15 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 17 exudate exudate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 19 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 22 Pigmentation pigmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 25 obscuration obscuration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 28 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 29 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 32 masses masse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 33 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 34 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 35 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 37 granulomas granuloma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 40 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 41 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1567 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 1 Cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 2 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 4 superficial superficial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 6 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 7 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 8 fine fine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 10 needle needle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 11 aspirates aspirate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 12 provides provide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 13 excellent excellent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 14 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 15 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 17 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 18 yields yield VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 20 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1568 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 3 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 5 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 6 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 8 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 9 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 11 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 12 World World NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 13 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 14 Organization Organization NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 16 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 18 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 20 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 21 architectural architectural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 22 assessments assessment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 25 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 26 cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 28 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 29 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 30 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 31 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 32 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 33 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1569 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 1 Tru Tru NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 3 Cut Cut VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 4 biopsies biopsy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 7 ideal ideal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 11 2-mm 2-mm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 12 Tru Tru NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 14 Cut cut JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 15 needle needle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 17 provide provide VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 18 adequate adequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 19 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1570 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 2 surgeon surgeon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 4 pathologist pathologist NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 5 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 6 handle handle VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 8 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 9 carefully carefully RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 11 minimize minimize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 12 artifacts artifact NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1571 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 1 Compression compression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 3 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 5 squeezing squeeze VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 7 forceps forceps NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 10 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 11 crush crush NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 12 artifacts artifact NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 14 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 15 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 17 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 18 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 19 streaming streaming NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1572 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 1 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 2 Immediately immediately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 3 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 4 removal removal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 6 imprints imprint NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 7 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 8 impression impression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 9 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 10 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 11 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 12 prepared prepared JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 14 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 15 kept keep VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 16 away away RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 18 formalin formalin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 19 fumes fume NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1573 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 1 Formalin formalin JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 2 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 5 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 6 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 8 formaldehyde formaldehyde NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 9 fumes fume NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 11 destroys destroy VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 13 differential differential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 14 staining staining NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 15 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 17 Romanowsky Romanowsky NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 18 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 19 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 21 Wright Wright NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 22 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 24 Giemsa Giemsa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 26 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 28 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 29 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 30 staining staining NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1574 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 1 Prompt prompt JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 2 transfer transfer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 4 biopsy biopsy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 6 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 7 specimens specimen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 9 fixative fixative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 11 crucial crucial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 12 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 13 delayed delay VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 14 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 16 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 18 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 19 artifacts artifact NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 21 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 22 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 23 artificial artificial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 24 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 26 mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 27 index index NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 29 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 30 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 31 40 40 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 32 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 33 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 34 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 35 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 36 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 37 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 38 12-hour 12-hour CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 39 delay delay NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 40 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 41 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 43 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 44 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 45 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 46 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 47 alter alter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 48 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 49 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 50 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 51 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1575 52 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 2 current current JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 3 recommendation recommendation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 4 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 6 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 8 formalin formalin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 9 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 11 16 16 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 13 32 32 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 14 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 16 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 17 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 19 2-to 2-to CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 20 4-mm 4-mm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 21 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 22 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 24 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 25 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 26 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 27 achieved achieve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 28 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 29 24 24 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 30 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 31 48 48 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 32 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1576 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 1 Both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 2 underfixation underfixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 4 overfixation overfixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 6 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 8 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 10 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 11 retrieval retrieval NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 13 immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 15 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 16 underfixation underfixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 18 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 20 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 21 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 23 serious serious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 24 problem problem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1577 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 1 Thinly thinly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 2 slicing slice VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 3 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 7 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 10 allowing allow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 12 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 14 fix fix VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 16 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 17 hour hour NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 18 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 19 slicing slice VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 21 help help VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1578 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 2 pathologists pathologist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 3 prefer prefer VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 6 incise incise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 7 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 8 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 10 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 12 avoid avoid VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 13 compression compression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 14 artifacts artifact NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 16 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 17 instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 18 nick nick NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 20 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 22 allow allow VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 23 formalin formalin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 24 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1579 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 3 fixation fixation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 5 unincised unincised JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 6 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 7 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 8 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 10 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 11 compression compression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 12 artifacts artifact NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 13 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 15 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 16 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 17 contracts contract NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 20 fixative fixative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1580 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 1 Once once RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 2 fixed fix VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 5 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 7 cut cut VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 9 uniformly uniformly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 10 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 11 cross cross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 12 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 14 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 15 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 17 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 19 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1581 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 1 Transverse transverse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 2 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 5 sufficiently sufficiently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 6 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 8 allow allow VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 10 entire entire JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 11 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 12 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 14 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 16 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 18 fit fit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 20 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 21 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 22 slide slide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 24 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 25 facilitates facilitate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 26 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 27 interpretation interpretation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1582 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 2 longitudinal longitudinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 3 plane plane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 5 preferred prefer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 7 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 9 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 12 location location NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 14 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 16 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 18 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 19 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 20 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 21 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 22 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 24 transverse transverse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 25 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1583 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 1 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 3 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 5 self self NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 7 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 9 permitted permit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 11 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 14 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 15 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 16 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 17 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1584 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 1 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 3 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 5 recognize recognize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 6 MHC MHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 7 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 9 removed remove VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 11 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1585 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 1 Those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 2 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 3 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 4 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 5 recognize recognize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 6 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 7 MHC MHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 8 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 10 self self NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 12 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 14 removed remove VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 17 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 19 corticomedullary corticomedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 20 junction junction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 23 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 24 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 25 negative negative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 26 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1586 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 4 rigid rigid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 5 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 6 requirements requirement NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 7 attributable attributable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 9 MHC MHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 10 restriction restriction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 12 tolerance tolerance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 14 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 16 negative negative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 17 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 19 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 22 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 24 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 25 fraction fraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 27 < < NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 28 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 29 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 33 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 34 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 35 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 36 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 37 arrive arrive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 38 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 40 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 41 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 42 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 43 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 44 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 45 survive survive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1587 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 1 Mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 2 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 3 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 5 exit exit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 8 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 9 postcapillary postcapillary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 10 venules venule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 13 corticomedullary corticomedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 14 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 16 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 18 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 21 recirculate recirculate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 22 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 23 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 24 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 25 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 27 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 28 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 31 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 33 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 34 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 37 periarteriolar periarteriolar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 38 sheaths sheath NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 39 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 41 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1588 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 2 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 3 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 4 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 7 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 8 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 9 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 12 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 13 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 14 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 17 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 18 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 20 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 21 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 22 phases phase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 24 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 25 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 26 differentiate differentiate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 27 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 28 effector effector NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 30 memory memory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 31 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1589 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 2 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 3 attains attain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 5 maximal maximal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 6 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 7 relative relative NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 9 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 10 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 11 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 12 birth birth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 14 involutes involute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 15 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 16 sexual sexual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 17 maturity maturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 18 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 20 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 22 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 24 vary vary VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 25 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 26 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 27 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1590 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 4 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 5 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 7 gradually gradually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 8 replaced replace VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 10 loose loose JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 11 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 12 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 14 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 16 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 17 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 18 remain remain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 19 histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 21 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 23 aged aged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 24 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1591 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 1 lobule lobule NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 3 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 6 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 7 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 9 surrounding surround VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1592 10 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 4 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 7 36 36 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1593 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 2 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 3 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 4 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 5 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 7 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 8 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 9 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1594 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 6 37 37 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1595 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 2 stellate stellate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 6 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 7 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 9 elongate elongate RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 10 branching branch VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 11 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 12 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 14 connect connect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 16 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 17 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 18 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 19 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 20 desmosomes desmosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 22 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 23 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 25 supportive supportive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 26 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 28 cytoreticulum cytoreticulum NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1596 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 3 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 5 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 7 differentiating differentiate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 8 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 9 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 11 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 13 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 14 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 16 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 18 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 19 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 22 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 23 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1597 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 2 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 4 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 6 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 7 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 8 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 11 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 15 much much RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 16 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 17 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 18 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 21 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 23 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 25 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 26 obvious obvious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 27 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 28 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1598 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 4 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 5 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 7 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 8 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 9 corpuscles corpuscle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 12 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 13 Hassall Hassall NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 14 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 15 corpuscles corpuscle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 17 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 19 distinctive distinctive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 20 keratinized keratinized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 21 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 22 structures structure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 24 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1599 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1600 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1600 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1600 3 37 37 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1600 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1600 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 1 Interdigitating Interdigitating NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 2 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 5 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 9 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 12 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 15 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 17 far far RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 18 fewer few JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 19 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 20 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 23 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1601 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 2 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 3 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 5 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 6 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 8 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 13 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 15 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 18 subcapsular subcapsular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 19 zone zone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 22 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 24 begin begin VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 26 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 28 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 29 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 31 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 32 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 33 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 34 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 35 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 36 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 37 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 38 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 39 traverse traverse VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 41 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 42 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 43 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 45 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1602 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 3 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 5 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 8 recognize recognize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 9 self self NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 11 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 13 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 14 histocompatibility histocompatibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 15 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 17 MHC MHC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1603 19 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 5 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 7 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 9 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 11 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 13 Boxes Boxes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 14 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 15 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 16 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 18 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 19 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 20 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1604 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 4 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 7 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 8 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 10 physical physical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 12 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 13 stresses stress NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 15 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 17 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 20 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 21 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1605 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1606 1 Atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1606 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 3 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 4 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 6 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 7 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 8 lymphopoietic lymphopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 9 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 12 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 15 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 19 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 21 progenitor progenitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 22 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1607 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 2 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 4 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 5 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 8 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 10 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 12 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 13 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 15 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 21 lysis lysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 25 lymphocytolysis lymphocytolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 29 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1608 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 1 Thymic Thymic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 2 aims aim VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 4 define define VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 6 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 7 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 9 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 10 chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1609 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 3 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 4 sinusoid sinusoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 6 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 8 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 10 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 11 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 12 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 15 sinusal sinusal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 16 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 18 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 19 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 21 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 22 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 24 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 25 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 28 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 29 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 30 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 31 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 32 true true JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 33 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 34 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1610 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 3 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 4 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 6 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 8 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 11 opposed oppose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 13 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 14 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 15 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 18 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 20 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 21 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 24 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 25 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 27 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 29 nonsinusal nonsinusal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 31 nonsinusoidal nonsinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 32 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 34 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 35 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 36 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1611 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1612 1 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 2 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 3 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 4 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 5 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 7 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 8 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 10 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 11 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 13 periarteriolar periarteriolar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 14 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 15 sheath sheath NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 17 PALS PALS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 20 periarteriolar periarteriolar NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 21 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 22 sheath sheath NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 24 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 28 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 29 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 30 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1613 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 4 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 7 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 8 cranial cranial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 9 hypogastric hypogastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 10 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 13 abdomen abdomen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 15 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 18 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 19 suspended suspend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 22 gastrosplenic gastrosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 23 ligament ligament NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 24 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 26 diaphragm diaphragm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 28 stomach stomach NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 32 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 33 wall wall NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1614 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 2 exception exception NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 5 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 6 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 8 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 11 closely closely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 12 adhered adhere VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 15 left left JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 16 dorsolateral dorsolateral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 17 aspect aspect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 20 rumen rumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1615 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 2 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 3 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 5 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 8 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 9 vary vary VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 10 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 11 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 12 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 13 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 15 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 16 generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 20 flattened flatten VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 22 elongated elongated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 23 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1616 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 2 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 4 notably notably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 5 birds bird NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 7 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 8 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 9 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 11 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 12 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 14 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1617 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 4 covered cover VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 7 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 8 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 9 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 11 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 12 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 14 elastic elastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 15 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 18 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 19 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 20 intertwining intertwine VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 21 fibromuscular fibromuscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 22 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 23 extend extend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 24 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 26 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1618 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 2 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 4 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 6 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 8 spongelike spongelike JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 9 supportive supportive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 10 matrix matrix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 13 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 16 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 17 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 19 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 20 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 21 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1619 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 2 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 4 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 6 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 7 muscular muscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 8 layers layer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 11 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 12 lie lie VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 13 perpendicular perpendicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 15 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 16 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 18 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 20 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 21 thicker thick JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 22 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 23 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 25 carnivores carnivore NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1620 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 1 Carnivores carnivore NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 3 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 4 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 7 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 9 interwoven interweave VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 10 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 11 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 12 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 15 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 18 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 20 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 21 abundant abundant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 22 elastic elastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 23 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 24 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 26 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1621 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 3 differs differ VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 5 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 6 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 7 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 10 organization organization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 13 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1622 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 1 Instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 4 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 6 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 9 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 11 divided divide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 13 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 14 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 15 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 17 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 18 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 19 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 22 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 24 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 25 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 29 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 30 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 31 38 38 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1623 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 2 hematoxylin hematoxylin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 4 eosin eosin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 6 H&E H&E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 8 staining staining NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 10 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 11 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 12 appears appear VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 13 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 15 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 16 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 19 abundance abundance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 25 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 26 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 27 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 28 appears appear VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 29 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 31 purple purple NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 32 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 35 heavy heavy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 36 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 38 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1624 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 2 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 3 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 4 consists consist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 6 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 7 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 9 populated populate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 11 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 12 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 13 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 15 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 17 inhabited inhabit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 19 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 20 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 21 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 24 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 25 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 26 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 28 periphery periphery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 30 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1625 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 3 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 5 presenting present VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 9 trafficking traffic VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 10 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 12 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 14 populate populate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 17 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1626 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 2 radial radial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 3 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 5 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 8 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 9 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 12 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 14 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 15 arteriole arteriole NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 19 capillaries capillary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 20 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 21 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 22 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 24 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 25 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 26 drain drain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 27 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 29 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 30 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 33 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 34 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 36 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 38 latter latter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 39 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 40 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 41 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 42 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 43 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 44 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 45 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 46 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 48 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 49 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 50 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 51 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 52 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 53 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 55 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 56 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 57 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 58 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 59 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 60 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 61 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 62 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 63 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 64 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 65 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 66 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 67 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 68 developed develop VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 69 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1627 70 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1628 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1628 2 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1628 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 3 39 39 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 7 40 40 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1629 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 2 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 3 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 4 consists consist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 9 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 11 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 12 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 14 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 16 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 18 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 20 rats rat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 23 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 24 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 25 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 28 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 29 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 30 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 31 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 34 associated associated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 35 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 36 elements element NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 37 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 38 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 39 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 40 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 42 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 44 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 45 trabecular trabecular NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 46 myocytes myocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1630 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 2 labyrinth labyrinth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 6 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 7 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 9 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 10 serves serve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 12 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 14 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 16 physical physical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 17 filter filter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 19 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1631 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 3 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 6 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 8 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 9 suited suited JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 11 enable enable VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 13 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 15 namely namely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 18 1 1 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 20 filtering filter VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 22 clearing clear VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 24 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 26 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 27 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 28 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 29 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 30 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 31 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 33 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 34 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 35 begins begin VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 36 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 37 sexual sexual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 38 maturity maturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1632 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 2 distinction distinction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 4 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 6 make make VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 8 unless unless IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 10 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 12 extreme extreme JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 14 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 16 matched match VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 17 control control NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 20 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 22 comparison comparison NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1633 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1634 1 Inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1634 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 1 Inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 4 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 6 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1635 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 1 Neutrophils neutrophils NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 3 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 6 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 7 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 8 keratinized keratinized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 9 Hassall Hassall NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 10 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 11 corpuscles corpuscle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 12 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 13 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 15 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 16 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 18 mistaken mistake VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 19 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 21 true true JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 22 thymitis thymitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1636 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 1 Thymitis Thymitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 3 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 4 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 6 salmon salmon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 7 poisoning poisoning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 12 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 13 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 14 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 17 epizootic epizootic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 18 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 19 abortion abortion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 22 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 23 18 18 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 28 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 29 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 30 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 31 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 32 circovirus circovirus JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 33 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1637 34 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1638 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1638 2 PCV2 PCV2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1638 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1638 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 1 Necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 3 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 4 infiltrates infiltrate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 6 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 8 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 11 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 14 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 15 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 19 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 20 herpesvirus herpesvirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 21 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 23 EHV-1 EHV-1 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1639 27 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 2 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 3 portal portal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 5 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 8 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 10 hematogenous hematogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1640 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 1 Portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 3 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 4 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 6 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 9 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 11 substances substance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 13 access access VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 15 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 16 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 18 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 20 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 22 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 23 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1641 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 2 portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 8 hematogenous hematogenous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 9 spread spread VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 11 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 12 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 15 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 17 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 18 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 19 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 21 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 24 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 25 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 26 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 28 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 29 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 32 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 33 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 35 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 36 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 37 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 39 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 40 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 41 microfold microfold JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 42 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 44 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 45 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 46 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 48 MALT MALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1642 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 1 Defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 3 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 6 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 8 protect protect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 9 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 10 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 11 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 14 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 17 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 19 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 20 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 21 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 23 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 25 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 26 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 28 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 31 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1643 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 3 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 6 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 7 arriving arrive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 10 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 13 interact interact VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 18 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 20 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 21 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 22 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 23 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 25 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 26 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 28 presentation presentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1644 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 1 Hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 7 concurrently concurrently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1645 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 1 Antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 2 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 4 presentation presentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 6 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 9 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 10 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 11 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 13 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 15 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 18 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 23 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 24 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 26 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 27 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 28 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 30 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 31 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 32 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 33 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 34 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1646 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 2 relationships relationship NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 3 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 4 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 5 structures structure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 8 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 9 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 12 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 14 complicated complicated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1647 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 4 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 5 differences difference NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 6 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 7 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 8 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 9 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 11 confusion confusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 12 about about IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 14 correct correct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 16 up up RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 20 date date NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 21 terminology terminology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1648 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 2 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 3 brief brief JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 4 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 5 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 6 MALT MALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 8 Mucosa Mucosa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 10 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 11 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 12 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1649 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1650 1 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 4 synonyms synonyms NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 6 misuse misuse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 8 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 11 literature literature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 14 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 15 contributed contribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 18 confusion confusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 19 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 20 terminology terminology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 22 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 23 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 24 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 25 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1651 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 2 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 4 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 5 space space NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 10 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 11 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 13 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 15 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 16 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 17 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 19 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 20 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 22 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 23 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 25 mesh mesh NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 26 space space NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 29 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 31 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 32 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 33 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 34 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 35 meshwork meshwork NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 37 interstices interstice NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 40 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 41 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 43 bloodfilled bloodfilled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 44 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 45 meshwork meshwork NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 47 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 48 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 49 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 51 chordal chordal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 52 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 53 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 54 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 55 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 56 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 57 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 58 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 59 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 60 Billroth Billroth NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1652 61 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 2 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 3 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 4 terms term NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 6 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 10 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 11 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 13 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 16 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 17 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 19 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 20 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 21 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 23 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 25 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1653 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 3 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 7 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 9 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 10 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1654 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 3 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 5 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 6 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 9 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 11 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 14 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 15 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 16 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 18 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 19 opportunity opportunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 21 phagocytize phagocytize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 22 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 24 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 26 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 29 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 30 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 31 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 32 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 35 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 39 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 41 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 42 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 44 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 45 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 46 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 47 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 48 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 49 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 51 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 52 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 53 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 54 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1655 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 3 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 5 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 6 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 7 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 10 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 15 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 18 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 22 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 23 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 24 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1656 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 2 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 3 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 4 leave leave VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 6 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 7 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 9 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 11 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 12 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 15 branch branch NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 17 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 18 penicillar penicillar NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 19 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1657 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 1 Each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 2 arteriole arteriole NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 4 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 7 sheath sheath NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 9 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 10 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 12 periarteriolar periarteriolar NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 13 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 14 sheaths sheath NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 16 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 18 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 19 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 21 ellipsoids ellipsoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 24 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 26 notably notably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 27 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 29 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 31 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 34 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1658 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 2 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 4 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 6 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 9 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 11 terminal terminal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 12 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 15 penicillar penicillar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 16 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 17 empty empty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 18 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 20 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 21 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 22 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 23 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 24 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 26 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 27 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1659 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 3 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 4 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 6 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 8 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 9 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 11 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 13 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 14 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 16 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 18 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 20 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 21 open open JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 22 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1660 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 2 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 5 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 8 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 9 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 12 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 14 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 17 rat rat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 19 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 20 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 23 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 25 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 28 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 29 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 32 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 33 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 35 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 36 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 38 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 39 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 40 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 41 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 42 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 43 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 45 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 46 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 47 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 48 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 49 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 50 discontinuous discontinuous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 51 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 52 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 53 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 54 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 55 empty empty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 56 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 57 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 58 venules venule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1661 59 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 2 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 4 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 9 closed closed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 10 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 11 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 13 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 14 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 16 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 18 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 20 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 22 capillaries capillary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 24 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 27 venules venule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 30 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 32 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 33 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 34 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 35 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 36 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1662 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 2 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 5 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 6 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 8 anatomically anatomically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 9 open open JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 11 nonsinusoidal nonsinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 12 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 14 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 15 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 16 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 20 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 21 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 22 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 25 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 27 functionally functionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 28 closed closed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 32 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 35 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 36 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 37 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 38 particulate particulate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 39 matter matter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 41 senescent senescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 42 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 43 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 45 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 47 transporting transport VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 48 recirculating recirculate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 49 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 50 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 51 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 52 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 53 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 54 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 55 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 56 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 57 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 58 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 59 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 60 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 61 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 62 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 63 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 64 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 65 fulfill fulfill VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 66 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 67 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 68 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 69 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 70 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 71 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 72 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 73 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 74 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 75 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 76 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 77 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 78 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 79 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 80 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 81 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 82 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 83 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 84 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 85 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 86 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 87 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 88 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 89 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1663 90 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1664 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1664 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1664 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1665 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1665 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1665 3 41 41 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1665 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1665 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 1 Phagocytosis Phagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 3 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 4 effective effective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 8 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 10 flows flow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 11 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 12 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 13 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 15 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 16 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 17 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 19 populated populate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 21 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 22 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 24 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 26 namely namely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 28 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 30 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 31 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 34 cuffs cuff NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 35 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 37 penicillar penicillar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 38 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 40 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 43 diffusely diffusely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 44 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 45 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 46 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 47 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 48 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 49 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 50 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 51 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 52 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 53 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 54 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 55 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 56 along along IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 57 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 58 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 59 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 60 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1666 61 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 1 Trafficking trafficking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 3 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 5 recirculating recirculating JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 8 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 11 proximity proximity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 14 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 15 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 18 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 19 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 20 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 22 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1667 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 1 Maps map NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 4 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 6 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 8 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 10 nonsinusoidal nonsinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 11 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 13 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 15 Figures figure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 16 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 17 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 18 41 41 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 20 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 21 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 22 43 43 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1668 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 2 celiac celiac JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 3 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 6 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 7 branch branch NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 10 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 11 aorta aorta NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 15 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 16 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 17 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1669 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 3 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 4 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 6 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 7 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 8 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 10 hilus hilus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 12 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 14 branches branch VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 16 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 18 fibromuscular fibromuscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 19 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 21 trabecular trabecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 22 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 23 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 24 supply supply VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 26 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 27 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1670 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 1 Trabecular Trabecular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 2 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 3 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 5 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 6 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 9 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 10 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 13 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 15 cuffs cuff NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 17 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 19 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 21 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1671 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 3 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 5 populated populate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 7 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 8 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 11 eccentrically eccentrically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 12 embedded embed VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 13 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 15 just just RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 16 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 19 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1672 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 2 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 3 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 4 send send VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 5 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 6 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 8 radial radial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 9 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 10 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 12 supply supply VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 14 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 15 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 16 surrounding surround VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 18 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 19 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1673 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 4 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 6 circumferences circumference NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 9 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 11 brought bring VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 13 intimate intimate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 14 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 16 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 18 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 19 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 21 trafficking traffic VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 22 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 24 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 25 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 28 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 29 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1674 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 1 diverted divert VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 2 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 3 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 4 channels channel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 5 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 6 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 8 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1675 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 3 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 5 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 6 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 9 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 10 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 11 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 14 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 15 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 16 open open JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 18 closed closed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 19 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 20 circulations circulation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 22 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 24 allow allow VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 25 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 26 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 27 fast fast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 29 slow slow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 30 flows flow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 32 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 33 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 34 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 36 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 37 need need NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 40 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1676 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 1 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 2 flowing flow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 3 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 5 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 10 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 12 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 14 surveillance surveillance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1677 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 4 pseudopodia pseudopodium NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 7 perisinusoidal perisinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 8 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 9 project project VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 12 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 13 lumen lumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 14 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 16 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 19 discontinuous discontinuous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 20 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1678 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 2 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 3 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 4 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 10 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 12 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 14 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 15 surveillance surveillance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 17 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 18 attached attach VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 21 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 22 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1679 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 1 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 7 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 9 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 10 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 11 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 15 venules venule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 17 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 18 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 21 ultimately ultimately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 22 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 24 portal portal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 25 vein vein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 27 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 28 empties empty VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 29 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 31 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1680 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 3 filters filter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 6 removes remove VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 7 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 8 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 10 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 14 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 16 senescent senescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 18 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 19 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 20 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 21 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 25 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 27 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 28 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1681 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 3 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 5 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 8 immunologic immunologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 9 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 10 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 12 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 14 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 16 process process VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 18 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 19 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 22 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 24 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 25 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 27 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 29 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 31 biologic biologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 32 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 36 interaction interaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 38 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 39 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 41 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1682 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 3 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 5 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 6 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 7 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 8 quantities quantity NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 12 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 13 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 14 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 15 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1683 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 2 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 5 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 7 best well RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 8 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 11 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 14 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 15 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 16 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 19 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 20 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 22 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 24 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 25 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 28 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 29 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 30 contained contain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 31 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 32 them -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 34 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 35 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 36 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 37 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 39 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 40 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 41 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 42 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 44 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 45 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 46 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 47 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 48 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 49 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 51 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 52 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 53 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 54 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 55 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 56 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 57 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 58 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 59 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 60 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 61 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1684 63 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1685 1 Monocyte Monocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1685 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1685 3 Macrophage Macrophage NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1685 4 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1685 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 1 Within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 3 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 4 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 6 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 8 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 11 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 12 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 14 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 17 attached attach VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 20 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 21 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 24 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 25 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 27 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1686 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 3 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 5 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 8 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 9 perisinusoidally perisinusoidally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1687 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 2 supportive supportive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 3 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 4 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 10 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 12 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 15 fine fine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 16 meshwork meshwork NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 18 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 19 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 20 made make VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 22 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 23 III iii CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 24 collagen collagen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 26 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 27 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 28 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 29 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 30 dispersed disperse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1688 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 1 Exactly exactly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 3 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 5 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 6 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 8 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 9 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 13 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 14 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 15 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 16 place place NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 17 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 18 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 20 1 1 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 23 sequence sequence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 26 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 27 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 28 exposed expose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 31 incoming incoming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 32 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 35 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 38 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 39 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 40 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 41 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 42 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 43 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 45 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 46 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 47 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 48 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 49 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 50 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 51 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 52 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 53 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 54 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 55 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 56 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 57 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 58 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 59 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 60 clearance clearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 61 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 62 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 63 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 64 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 65 compensatory compensatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 66 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 67 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 68 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 69 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 70 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 71 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 72 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 73 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 74 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 75 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 76 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 77 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 78 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 79 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 80 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 81 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1689 82 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 7 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 8 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 10 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 11 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 13 responsible responsible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 14 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 15 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 17 particulate particulate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 18 matter matter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 20 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 23 trapping trapping NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 25 ingestion ingestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 27 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 29 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 31 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 32 complexes complex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1690 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 2 responsible responsible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 4 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 8 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 9 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1691 10 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 6 44 44 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 9 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 12 senescent senescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 13 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 14 damaged damaged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 15 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1692 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 1 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 3 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 4 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 6 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 8 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 9 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 11 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 13 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 14 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 17 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 18 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 22 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1693 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 3 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 5 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 6 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 7 remove remove VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 8 entire entire JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 9 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 11 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 14 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 15 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 17 portions portion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 19 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 20 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 21 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 22 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 24 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 25 inclusions inclusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 27 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 28 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 29 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 30 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 31 like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 32 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 33 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 35 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 36 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 37 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 38 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 39 pitting pit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1694 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 2 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 5 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 8 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 10 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 11 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 15 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 16 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 17 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 19 indicate indicate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 20 malfunction malfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 23 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 24 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1695 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 3 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 5 removal removal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 7 senescent senescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 8 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 11 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 13 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 14 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 15 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 16 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 17 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 19 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 22 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 23 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 24 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 26 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 27 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 28 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 29 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 30 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 31 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 32 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 34 defective defective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 35 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 36 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 37 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 38 removed remove VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 40 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 41 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 42 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 43 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 44 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 45 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 46 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 47 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1696 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 1 Nonsinusoidal nonsinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 2 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 3 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 5 fenestrated fenestrated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 6 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 8 perisinusoidal perisinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 9 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 11 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 12 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 14 allow allow VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 16 slow slow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 17 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 19 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 22 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 23 determine determine VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 24 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 26 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 27 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 28 returned return VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 31 Equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 33 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 36 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 37 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 38 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 39 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 40 considerable considerable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 41 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 42 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 43 contractile contractile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 44 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 45 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 47 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 48 muscular muscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 49 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 51 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 52 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 53 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 54 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 55 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 56 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 57 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 58 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 59 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 60 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 61 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 62 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 63 parenchyma parenchyma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 64 devoted devote VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 65 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 66 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 67 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1697 68 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 2 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 3 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 5 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 7 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 9 remarkable remarkable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 10 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 11 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 12 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 13 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 14 claimed claim VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 15 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 17 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 18 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 19 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 20 store store VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 21 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 23 third third NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 26 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 27 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 28 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 29 while while IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 31 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 32 sleeps sleep VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 35 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 36 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 37 holds hold VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 38 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 39 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 40 half half NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 41 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 42 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 43 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 44 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 45 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 46 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 47 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 48 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 50 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 51 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 52 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 53 advantageous advantageous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 54 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 55 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 56 reduces reduce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 57 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 58 viscosity viscosity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 59 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 60 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 61 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 62 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1698 64 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 1 Storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 2 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 3 expand expand VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 5 contract contract VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 6 quickly quickly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 7 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 9 influence influence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 12 autonomic autonomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 13 nervous nervous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 14 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 16 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 17 sympathetic sympathetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 19 vagal vagal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 20 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 23 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 25 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 26 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 29 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 30 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 31 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 32 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 34 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 35 circulatory circulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 36 disruptions disruption NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 38 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 39 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 40 hypovolemic hypovolemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 41 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 42 cardiogenic cardiogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 43 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1699 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 2 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 3 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 6 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 7 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 8 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 10 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 12 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 15 wrinkled wrinkled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 16 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 19 dry dry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 20 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 21 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 22 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 23 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 25 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 27 congested congest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 28 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 29 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 30 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 32 shrunken shrink VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 33 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 34 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 36 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 37 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 38 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 40 Small Small NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 41 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1700 43 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1701 1 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1701 2 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1701 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 3 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 4 fetus fetus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 6 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 9 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 10 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 12 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 16 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 17 making make VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 19 minor minor JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 20 contribution contribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1702 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 1 Shortly shortly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 2 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 4 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 5 birth birth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 7 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 8 ceases cease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 11 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 13 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 17 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 18 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 19 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 21 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 22 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 23 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1703 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 1 Under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 2 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 3 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 7 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 8 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 9 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 11 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 12 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 15 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 16 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 18 reactivated reactivate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 19 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 21 outcome outcome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 23 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 24 extramedullary extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 25 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 27 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1704 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 1 Studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 2 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 3 indicated indicate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 6 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 8 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 10 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 11 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 12 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 13 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 15 degenerative degenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 17 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 18 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 20 pitted pit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 23 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1705 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 1 Instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 9 perform perform VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 10 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 11 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 14 phagocytized phagocytized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 16 remain remain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 19 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 20 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 22 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1706 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 2 location location NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 5 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 6 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 8 pitting pit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 10 nonsinusoidal nonsinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 11 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 13 unclear unclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 15 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 18 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 19 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 20 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 21 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 22 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 23 place place NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 26 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 27 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 28 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 29 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1707 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 2 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 3 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 6 deficient deficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 8 pitting pit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 11 removal removal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 13 Heinz Heinz NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 14 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 16 slow slow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 17 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 18 however however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 20 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 21 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 22 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 23 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 26 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 27 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1708 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 2 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 5 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 7 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 8 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 11 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 12 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 14 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 17 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 18 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 19 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1709 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 1 From from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 3 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 4 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 5 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 7 circulate circulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 12 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 14 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 15 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 17 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1710 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 2 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 4 replenished replenish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 6 local local JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 7 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1711 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 4 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 5 phagocytizing phagocytize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 6 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 7 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 9 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 18 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 19 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 20 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 22 wall wall NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 25 cuff cuff NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 26 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 28 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 29 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 30 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 32 denuding denude VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 34 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 36 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1712 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 1 After after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 2 24 24 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 3 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 5 local local JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 6 residual residual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 7 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 9 proliferated proliferate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 11 repopulate repopulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 13 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1713 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 2 fixed fix VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 3 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 4 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 7 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 9 namely namely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 11 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 13 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 19 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 20 histiocytes histiocytes NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 23 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 25 Kupffer Kupffer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 26 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 29 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 32 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 33 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 35 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 36 alveolar alveolar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 37 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 41 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 43 resident resident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 44 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 45 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 46 microglial microglial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 47 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 49 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 50 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 51 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 52 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 53 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 54 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 55 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 57 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 58 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 59 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 60 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 61 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 62 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 63 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 64 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 65 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 66 14 14 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 67 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1714 68 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1715 1 Storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1715 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1715 3 Defense Defense NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1715 4 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1715 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 1 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 4 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 6 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 7 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 9 defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 10 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 12 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 14 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 16 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 17 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 18 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 19 store store VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 20 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 21 volumes volume NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 23 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1716 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 2 ability ability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 4 store store VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 5 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 8 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 9 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 12 fibromuscular fibromuscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 13 composition composition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 16 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 17 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 19 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1717 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 2 capsules capsule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 4 trabeculae trabecula NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 7 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 8 percentage percentage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 10 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 11 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 13 elastic elastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 14 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 16 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 17 expand expand VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 19 contract contract VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 22 designated designate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 24 defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 25 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1718 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 3 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 5 rabbits rabbit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 7 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 8 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1719 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 2 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 4 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 5 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 6 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 7 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 9 distention distention NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 13 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 15 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 16 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 17 separates separate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 19 foci foci NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 21 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 22 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 24 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 26 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 27 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 30 making make VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 31 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 32 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 33 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 34 sparser sparse JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1720 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 2 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 3 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 5 organized organize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 6 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 7 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 8 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 11 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 13 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 17 populated populate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 18 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 20 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 21 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 23 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1721 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 3 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 5 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 6 eccentrically eccentrically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 8 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 11 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 12 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 14 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 15 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1722 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 2 exposed expose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 4 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 7 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 8 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 9 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 10 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 11 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 12 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 14 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 15 Lymphoid/ Lymphoid/ NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 16 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 17 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 19 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 20 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 22 Function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1723 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 4 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 6 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 7 remove remove VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 8 apoptotic apoptotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 9 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 11 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 12 selected select VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 14 expansion expansion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 15 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 17 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 18 binding binding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 19 affinity affinity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 20 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 21 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1724 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 1 Failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 6 phagocytize phagocytize NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 8 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 9 experimentally experimentally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 10 correlated correlate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 12 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 13 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 15 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 16 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 17 like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 18 TGF TGF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 20 β β NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 22 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 23 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 25 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 26 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 27 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 28 predispose predispose VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 30 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 32 autoimmune autoimmune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 33 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1725 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 2 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 3 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 4 surrounds surround VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 6 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 7 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 8 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 10 interface interface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 13 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 15 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 16 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 18 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 20 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 22 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 25 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 27 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 28 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1726 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 3 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 6 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 7 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 10 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 14 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 16 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 19 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 20 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 21 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 22 concomitant concomitant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 23 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 24 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 26 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 27 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 28 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 29 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 30 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 31 Firm Firm NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 32 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1727 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 4 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 6 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 7 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 8 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 10 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 11 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 12 Nodules Nodules NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 15 Firm Firm NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 16 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1728 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 3 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 8 mouse mouse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 10 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 13 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 14 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 17 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 18 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 20 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 21 necessarily necessarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 23 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 25 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 27 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 28 challenge challenge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1729 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 3 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 4 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 6 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 8 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 10 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 13 function function VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 16 reserve reserve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 18 generating generate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 19 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 20 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 22 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 24 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 25 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 26 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 29 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1730 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1731 1 White White NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1731 2 Pulp Pulp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1731 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 1 White white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 2 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 3 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 5 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 7 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 10 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 11 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 12 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 13 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 17 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1732 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 1 Normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 2 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 3 foci focus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 5 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 6 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 8 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 9 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 10 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 13 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 15 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 17 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 18 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 21 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 22 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 25 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1733 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 3 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 4 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 6 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 7 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 9 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 10 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 12 amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 13 deposits deposit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 17 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 18 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 20 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 22 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 25 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 26 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 27 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 28 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 29 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 30 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 32 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 33 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 35 initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 36 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 37 0.5-to 0.5-to CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 38 1.0-mm 1.0-mm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 39 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 40 circular circular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 41 foci focus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 42 scattered scatter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 43 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 45 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 46 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1734 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 4 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 5 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 8 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 9 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 10 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 11 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 12 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 14 hilus hilus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 16 divides divide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 17 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 18 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 20 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 21 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 23 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1735 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 1 When when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 3 trabecular trabecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 4 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 5 emerges emerge VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 6 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 8 trabecula trabecula NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 10 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 12 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 13 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 16 encased encase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 19 periarteriolar periarteriolar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 20 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 21 sheath sheath NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 23 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 26 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 27 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 28 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 30 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 31 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1736 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 2 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 3 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 6 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 8 gives give VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 9 off off RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 10 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 11 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 13 radial radial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 14 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 17 supply supply VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 19 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 20 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 22 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 23 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1737 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 2 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 3 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 4 emerges emerge VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 7 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 8 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 10 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 13 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 15 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 18 penicillary penicillary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 19 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 21 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 23 enclosed enclose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 26 cuff cuff NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 28 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 29 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 31 periarteriolar periarteriolar NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 32 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 33 sheath sheath NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 35 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1738 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 2 emerging emerge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 3 penicillar penicillar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 4 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 5 branch branch NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 6 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 7 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 9 capillaries capillary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 11 supply supply VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 13 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 14 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 16 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 18 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1739 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1740 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1740 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1740 3 43 43 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1740 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1740 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 2 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 3 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 4 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 5 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 7 receive receive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 10 capillaries capillary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 11 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 14 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 15 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 17 drain drain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 18 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 20 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 21 venules venule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 23 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 24 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 26 trabecular trabecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 27 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 29 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 30 vein vein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1741 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 1 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 3 Sinusoidal Sinusoidal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 4 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 6 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1742 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 3 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 5 essentially essentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 7 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 11 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 12 feature feature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 14 arterioles arterioles RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 17 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 18 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 19 drain drain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 20 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 22 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 24 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 25 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 26 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 28 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 29 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 30 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 31 space space NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 32 passes pass VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 33 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 34 slits slit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 35 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 37 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 38 wall wall NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 39 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 40 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 42 sinusoid sinusoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 44 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 45 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1743 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1744 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1744 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1744 3 42 42 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1744 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1744 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 4 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 6 pitting pit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 8 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1745 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 1 Note note VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 2 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 4 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 5 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 7 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 9 sequentially sequentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 10 past past JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 11 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 17 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 19 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 22 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 23 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 24 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 25 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1746 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 6 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 7 route route NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 10 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 11 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 14 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1747 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1748 1 Dog Dog NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1748 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 1 Red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 2 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 3 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 4 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 5 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 8 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 9 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 11 phenotypically phenotypically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 12 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 13 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 14 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 17 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 18 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1749 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 2 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 3 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 5 function function VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 6 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 8 filter filter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 12 phagocytizing phagocytize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 13 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 16 removing remove VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 17 senescent senescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 19 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 20 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 22 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 23 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 25 fungi fungus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1750 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 1 Marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 2 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 3 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 5 divided divide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 6 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 7 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 8 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 9 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 12 location location NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 15 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 17 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 18 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 19 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 21 possess possess VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1751 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 2 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 3 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 5 positioned position VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 6 toward toward IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 8 periphery periphery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 11 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 12 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 14 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 16 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 17 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 20 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 21 metallophilic metallophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 22 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 24 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 25 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 26 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 28 silver silver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 29 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 30 positivity positivity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 33 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 34 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 36 inner inner JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 37 margin margin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 40 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 41 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 42 closer close RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 43 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 45 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 46 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 47 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 48 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1752 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 3 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 4 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 6 generate generate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 7 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 8 models model NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 9 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 10 eliminate eliminate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 11 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 14 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 15 classes class NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 17 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 18 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 19 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 21 so so CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 23 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 24 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 26 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 27 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 28 specializes specialize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 30 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 31 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 32 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 33 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 34 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 35 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1753 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 2 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 3 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 5 actively actively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 6 phagocytize phagocytize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 7 particulate particulate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 8 matter matter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 10 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 14 septicemias septicemias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 15 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 17 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 18 pneumoniae pneumoniae NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 20 Listeria Listeria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 21 monocytogenes monocytogenes NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 23 Campylobacter Campylobacter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 24 jejuni jejuni NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 27 Bacillus Bacillus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 28 anthracis anthracis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 32 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 34 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 35 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 36 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 37 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 38 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 39 40 40 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1754 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 3 play play VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 5 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 6 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 8 limiting limit VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 10 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 12 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 13 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1755 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 2 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 3 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 5 phagocytize phagocytize NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 7 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 8 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1756 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 2 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 5 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 6 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 7 serve serve VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 9 bridge bridge VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 11 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 13 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 14 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 15 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 17 secreting secrete VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 18 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 19 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 21 activate activate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 22 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 23 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 24 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 26 providing provide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 27 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 28 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 29 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 30 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 32 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 33 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 34 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1757 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 1 Studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 2 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 3 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 6 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 8 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 9 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 10 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 11 coincides coincide VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 13 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 14 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 15 trapping trapping NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 17 resident resident NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 18 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 19 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 22 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 23 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 25 consequently consequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 26 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 27 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 30 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 31 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 32 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 33 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 34 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1758 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 5 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 7 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 9 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 10 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 11 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 12 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 14 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 15 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 16 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 18 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 21 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 23 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 24 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 26 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 28 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 29 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 31 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 33 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 34 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 36 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 38 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 39 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 40 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 41 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 42 expel expel VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 43 reserve reserve NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 44 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 47 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1759 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 5 best well RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 6 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 9 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 12 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 13 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 14 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 17 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 20 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 22 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 23 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 27 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 28 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 29 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 30 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 31 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1760 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1761 1 Monocyte Monocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1761 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1761 3 Macrophage Macrophage NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1761 4 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1761 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 2 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 4 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 6 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 9 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 11 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 12 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 15 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 17 Structure Structure NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 19 Function Function NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1762 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 2 interactions interaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 4 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 8 relationships relationship NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 10 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 11 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 13 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 14 immunity immunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 16 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 18 intense intense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 19 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 22 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 23 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 24 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1763 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 1 To to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 2 facilitate facilitate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 3 filtering filtering NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 5 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 11 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 12 passes pass VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 13 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 15 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 16 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 17 least least JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 18 once once RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 20 day day NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 23 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 24 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 27 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 28 output output NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 29 goes go VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 32 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1764 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 5 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 7 transit transit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 8 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 9 depend depend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 10 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 11 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 13 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 15 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 17 distended distend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 18 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 19 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 20 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 22 slower slow JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 25 distended distended JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 26 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1765 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 2 extent extent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 4 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 5 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 8 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 10 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 11 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 12 phagocytize phagocytize NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 13 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 14 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 18 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 19 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 21 sequence sequence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 23 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 24 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 25 receive receive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 26 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1766 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 3 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 5 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 8 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 9 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 12 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 14 receive receive VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 18 consequently consequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 19 phagocytized phagocytize VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 20 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 22 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 23 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 24 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 25 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 26 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 27 concentrated concentrated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 28 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 29 initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1767 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 5 differences difference NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 6 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 7 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 8 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 9 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 10 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 12 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 14 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 15 instance instance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 17 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 19 comparatively comparatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 20 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 21 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 22 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 25 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 27 PAMS PAMS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 28 play play VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 30 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 31 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 33 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1768 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 4 able able JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 6 mount mount VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 8 strong strong JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 9 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 13 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 14 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 17 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 18 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 19 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 21 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 22 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1769 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 4 immunized immunize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 5 rabbits rabbit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 6 injected inject VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 7 intravenously intravenously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 9 pneumococci pneumococcus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 10 cleared clear VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 11 98 98 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 12 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 14 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 15 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 16 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 17 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 18 minutes minute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 20 100 100 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 21 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 22 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 23 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 24 hour hour NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1770 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 4 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 5 injected inject VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 7 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 8 billion billion CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 9 pneumococci pneumococcus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 10 per per IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 11 pound pound NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 13 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 14 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 15 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 17 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 18 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 19 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 20 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 22 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 23 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 25 65 65 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 26 minutes minute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1771 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 1 After after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 2 splenectomy splenectomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 5 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 6 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 8 radial radial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 9 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 12 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 13 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 17 serves serve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 20 portal portal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 22 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 23 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 25 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 26 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 27 recirculating recirculate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 28 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 30 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 31 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1772 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 1 From from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 2 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 4 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 5 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 6 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 9 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 11 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 12 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 15 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 16 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1773 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 4 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 5 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 6 capture capture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 7 bloodborne bloodborne JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 8 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 10 process process VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 11 them -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 14 present present VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 15 them -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1774 20 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 1 Senescent senescent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 3 Damaged damage VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 4 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 6 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 8 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 10 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 11 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1775 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 1 Parasitized parasitized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 4 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 6 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 7 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 9 Storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 14 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 15 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1776 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 1 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 2 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 3 Severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 4 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 6 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 8 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1777 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 1 Degenerative degenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 3 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 4 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 5 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 6 concomitant concomitant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 7 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1778 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 1 Incidental incidental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 3 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 5 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 6 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 8 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 10 Monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 11 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 12 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 13 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 14 Reserve Reserve NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 16 generating generate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 17 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 18 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 20 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 22 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 23 Homing homing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 25 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 26 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 29 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 30 Phagocytosis Phagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 32 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 34 antigen antigen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 35 Macrophage Macrophage NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 36 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 37 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 39 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 40 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 41 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 42 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 43 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 44 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 45 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 46 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 48 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 49 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 50 blastomycosis blastomycosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 51 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 52 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 53 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 54 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1779 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1780 1 Red Red NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1780 2 Pulp Pulp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1780 3 Vascular Vascular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1780 4 Spaces Spaces NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1780 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 2 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 3 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 5 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 9 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 10 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 11 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 13 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 16 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 17 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 20 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 21 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 24 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 25 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 28 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 30 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 32 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 33 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 34 expel expel VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 35 reserve reserve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 36 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1781 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1782 1 White White NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1782 2 Pulp Pulp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1782 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 4 injury injury VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 5 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 7 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 10 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 11 pronounced pronounce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 16 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1783 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 2 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 6 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 8 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 9 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 11 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 14 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 16 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 17 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 18 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 19 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 20 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 21 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 22 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 23 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 24 evident evident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1784 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 1 Hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 3 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 5 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 6 follows follow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 8 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 9 sequence sequence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 11 events event NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 13 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 14 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 16 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 18 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 19 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 20 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 21 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 24 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 26 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 27 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 29 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 30 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 31 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 32 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 34 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 35 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 37 Dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 38 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 39 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 40 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 41 Injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1785 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 3 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 7 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 8 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 9 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 10 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 12 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 13 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 15 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 16 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 17 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 19 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 20 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 22 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 23 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1786 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 3 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 6 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 8 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 10 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 11 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 16 regression regression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 17 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 18 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 19 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 20 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 21 ceased cease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 26 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 28 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 30 antineoplastic antineoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 31 chemotherapeutic chemotherapeutic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 32 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 34 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 36 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 38 malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 40 wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 41 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 42 cachectic cachectic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 43 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 45 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 46 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 48 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 49 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 50 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 51 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 52 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 53 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 54 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 55 fail fail VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 56 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 57 supply supply VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 58 adequate adequate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 59 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 60 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 61 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 62 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 63 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 64 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 65 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 66 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1787 67 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 2 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 4 depleted deplete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 10 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 12 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 13 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 15 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 16 disappear disappear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1788 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 2 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 5 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 7 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 13 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 16 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1789 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 2 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 4 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 7 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 9 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 10 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 13 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 14 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 17 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 20 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 22 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1790 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1791 1 Capsule Capsule NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1791 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1791 3 Trabeculae Trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1791 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 1 Lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 4 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 6 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 8 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 10 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 11 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 12 capsulitis capsulitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 15 peritonitis peritonitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 18 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 20 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 21 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 24 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 25 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 27 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 28 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 30 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1792 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 2 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 3 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 4 portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 6 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 9 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 11 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 12 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 14 hematogenous hematogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 15 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 17 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 18 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1793 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 3 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 5 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 8 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 9 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 10 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 12 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 13 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1794 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 1 Inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 4 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 5 peritonitis peritonitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 7 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 9 penetrate penetrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 11 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 15 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1795 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 3 traumatic traumatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 4 reticulitis reticulitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 6 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 7 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 8 objects object NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 9 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 12 ventral ventral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 13 extremity extremity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 16 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 18 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 20 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 21 abscess abscess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1796 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 2 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 4 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 5 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 7 perforation perforation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 10 gastric gastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 11 wall wall NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 13 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 15 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 17 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 18 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 19 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 21 gastric gastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 22 ulcers ulcer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 25 gastric gastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 26 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1797 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 1 Portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 3 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 4 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 6 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 9 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 11 substances substance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 13 access access VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 16 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 17 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 18 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 20 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 22 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 23 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 24 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 25 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1798 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 1 Defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 3 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 6 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 8 protect protect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 9 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 10 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 11 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 13 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 14 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 17 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 19 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 20 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 21 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 23 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 25 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 26 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 28 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 31 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1799 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 2 defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 5 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 7 nature nature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 9 protect protect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 10 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 11 external external JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 12 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 14 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 16 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 17 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 18 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 21 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1800 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 4 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 6 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 7 tan tan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 9 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 11 oval oval JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 13 reniform reniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 14 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 17 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 18 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 20 dimensional dimensional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 21 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1801 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 2 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 3 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 6 cross cross NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 7 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 10 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 12 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 13 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 14 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 16 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 17 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 18 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 19 outer outer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 20 rim rim NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 22 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 24 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 25 inner inner JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1802 26 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 6 45 45 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1803 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 1 To to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 2 understand understand VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 4 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 5 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 9 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 13 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 15 consider consider VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 17 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 18 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 21 relationship relationship NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 23 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 24 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 28 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 29 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 30 46 46 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1804 32 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 1 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 2 multiply multiply VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 3 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 6 disseminate disseminate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 7 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 10 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 12 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 14 overwhelming overwhelming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 15 postsplenectomy postsplenectomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 16 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1805 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 1 Studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 2 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 4 shown show VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 5 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 7 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 8 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 11 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 13 critical critical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 16 control control NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 18 plasmodium plasmodium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 20 causative causative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 21 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 23 malaria malaria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 26 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 27 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 29 babesiosis babesiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 31 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1806 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 3 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 5 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 6 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 9 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 10 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 12 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 15 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 20 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 22 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 23 septicemia septicemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 26 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 27 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 29 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 30 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 31 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 33 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 34 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 35 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 36 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 37 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 38 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 39 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1807 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 4 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 6 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 8 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 10 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 12 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 13 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 16 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 18 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 20 bacteremias bacteremias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 22 pyogenic pyogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 23 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1808 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 2 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 3 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 7 initial initial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 8 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 10 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 12 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 14 borne bear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 15 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 17 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 18 delivered deliver VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 21 radial radial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 22 branches branch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 25 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 26 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 29 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 30 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1809 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 1 Similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 10 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 13 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 14 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 16 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 17 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 20 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 22 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 23 hours hour NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 25 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 26 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 27 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 29 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 30 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 31 aggregates aggregate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 33 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 35 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1810 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 4 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 6 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 7 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 9 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 11 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 12 concentric concentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 13 ring ring NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 14 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 16 circumference circumference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 19 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 20 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 23 Anthrax Anthrax NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1811 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 1 Hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 6 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 9 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 11 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 12 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 13 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 15 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 16 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 19 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 20 need need NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 22 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 24 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1812 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 3 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 5 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 7 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 9 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 11 portal portal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 13 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 14 vein vein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 17 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 18 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 20 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 23 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 24 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 25 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 27 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 30 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 31 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 32 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 33 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 35 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 36 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 37 thickening thickening NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 39 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 40 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 41 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 42 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 44 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 45 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 46 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 47 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1813 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 7 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 9 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 11 fungi fungus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 13 facultative facultative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 14 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 15 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 19 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 20 bovis bovis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 22 arriving arrive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 23 hematogenously hematogenously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 26 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1814 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 2 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 6 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 9 augmented augment VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 11 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 12 recruited recruit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 13 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 17 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 18 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 19 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 20 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 22 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 24 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 25 Abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 27 microabscesses microabscesse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 28 Granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 29 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 31 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 33 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 35 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 37 fibroblastic fibroblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 38 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 39 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 41 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1815 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 1 Besides besides IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 2 providing provide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 3 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 4 support support NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 6 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 7 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 8 helps help VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 9 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 11 substratum substratum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 12 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 14 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 18 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 20 presenting present VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 24 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 26 facilitates facilitate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 28 interaction interaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 29 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 30 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 32 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 33 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1816 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1817 1 Cortex Cortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1817 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 2 outer outer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 3 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 4 superficial superficial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 5 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 6 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 8 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 9 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 12 referred refer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 16 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 19 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1818 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 2 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 4 designated designate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 6 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 7 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 8 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 9 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 10 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 12 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1819 14 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 1 Mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 2 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 3 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 5 expressing express VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 6 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 8 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 9 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 10 exit exit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 12 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 13 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 15 circulate circulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 16 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 18 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 20 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 21 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 24 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 25 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 26 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1820 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 3 arrival arrival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 4 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 6 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 8 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 9 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 10 exit exit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 11 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 12 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 15 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 17 home home NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 20 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 21 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 23 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 24 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 25 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 26 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 27 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 29 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 32 resting rest VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 33 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 34 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1821 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 2 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 4 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 5 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 7 designated designate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 10 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 11 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 12 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 14 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 15 recognize recognize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 17 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 19 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 22 expressing express VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 23 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 25 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 27 proliferate proliferate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 28 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 29 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 31 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 32 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 33 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 34 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 35 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 36 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 37 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 38 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1822 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 1 Germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 2 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 4 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 7 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 8 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 9 Stroma Stroma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 11 Capsule Capsule NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 13 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 16 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 17 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 18 Cortex-"Superficial cortex-"superficial NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 19 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 21 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 22 outer outer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 23 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 24 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 26 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 27 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 29 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 30 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1823 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1824 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 1 Paracortex-"Deep Paracortex-"Deep NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 2 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 4 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 5 inner inner JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 6 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 7 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 9 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1825 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 2 Medulla Medulla NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 4 Medullary Medullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 5 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 7 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1826 8 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1827 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 1 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 2 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 3 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 4 Arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 6 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 8 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 9 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 10 venules venule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 12 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 15 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1828 16 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1829 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 1 Lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 2 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 3 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 4 Lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 5 afferent afferent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 7 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 8 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 9 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 10 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 11 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 13 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 15 trabecular trabecular NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 18 medullary medullary NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1830 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 2 Monocyte Monocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 4 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 5 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 6 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 7 Sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 8 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 9 Stroma Stroma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1831 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 3 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 5 enclosed enclose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 8 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 9 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 10 penetrated penetrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 12 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 13 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 14 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 15 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 17 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 18 empty empty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 21 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 22 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 24 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 25 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1832 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 1 At at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 3 hilus hilus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 5 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 6 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 7 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 9 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 10 exit exit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 13 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 14 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 16 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1833 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 1 Fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 2 trabeculae trabecula NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 3 extend extend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 6 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 7 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 9 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 11 provide provide VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 12 support support NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 15 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 18 house house NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 19 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 21 nerves nerve NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1834 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 3 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 6 supported support VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 9 meshwork meshwork NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 11 Medulla Medulla NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1835 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 2 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 4 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 6 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 7 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 9 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 10 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 12 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1836 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 2 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 3 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 4 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 5 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1837 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 3 stimulated stimulated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 4 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 6 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 7 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 8 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 10 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 12 secreting secrete VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 13 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1838 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 2 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 3 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 5 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 7 fibroblastic fibroblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 8 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 11 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 12 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 14 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 15 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 16 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 17 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 20 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 21 cling cling VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 23 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 24 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 25 crossing cross VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 27 lumen lumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 30 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1839 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 2 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 3 phagocytize phagocytize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 4 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 5 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 7 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 8 debris debris NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 11 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 14 incoming incoming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1840 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 1 Vasculature Vasculature NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 2 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 3 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 4 Vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 6 Lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 7 Vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 10 Lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 11 Sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1841 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 3 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 6 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 7 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 8 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 9 arteries artery NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 11 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 13 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 16 postcapillary postcapillary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 17 venules venules NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 19 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 21 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 22 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 23 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 24 cuboidal cuboidal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 25 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 27 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 28 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1842 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 3 45 45 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 7 46 46 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1843 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 1 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 3 support support VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 5 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 7 further further JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 8 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 10 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 13 increase increase VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 15 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 17 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 18 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1844 20 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 3 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 4 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 6 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 7 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 9 Function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1845 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 2 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 4 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 5 surrounds surround VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 7 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 8 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 10 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 12 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 13 inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 14 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 15 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 16 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 20 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 21 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 23 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 24 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 26 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 27 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 28 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1846 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1847 1 Paracortex Paracortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1847 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 2 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 4 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 7 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 10 referred refer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 14 deep deep JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 16 inner inner JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 17 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 19 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 20 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 22 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 25 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 26 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 27 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 28 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 30 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 32 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1848 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 2 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 3 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 5 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 6 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 7 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 8 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 10 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 12 migrate migrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 13 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 18 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 19 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 21 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 23 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1849 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 3 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 7 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 10 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 11 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 13 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 14 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1850 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 1 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 2 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 3 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 5 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 6 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 8 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 9 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 12 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 13 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 14 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1851 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 3 helpful helpful JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 5 consider consider VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 7 paths path NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 8 taken take VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 10 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 12 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 14 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 18 arriving arrive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 19 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 22 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1852 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 2 following following JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 3 account account NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 4 describes describe VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 6 journey journey NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 9 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 12 enters enter VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 15 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 17 trigger trigger VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 18 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 19 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 20 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1853 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 1 Antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 5 arriving arrive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 8 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 9 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 10 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 11 empties empty VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 14 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 15 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1854 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 1 Hydrostatic hydrostatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 2 pressure pressure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 3 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 5 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 8 reticular reticular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 9 fibers fiber NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 10 crossing cross VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 12 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 13 impede impede VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 14 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 17 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 18 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 19 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 21 settle settle VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 23 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 24 facilitates facilitate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 25 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 26 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 28 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 29 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1855 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 2 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 3 flows flow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 4 down down IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 6 trabecular trabecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 7 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 9 line line VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 11 outer outer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 12 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 14 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 15 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 19 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 20 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 23 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 24 exits exit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 25 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 26 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 27 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1856 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 2 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 3 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 6 travel travel VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 7 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 9 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 13 captured capture VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 15 processed process VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 17 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 19 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1857 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 3 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 4 charged charge VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 6 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 7 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 8 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 11 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 14 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 16 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 18 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 19 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 21 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1858 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 1 Circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 3 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 5 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 6 across across IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 8 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 11 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 13 encounter encounter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 14 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 16 bearing bear VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 17 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 19 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 22 local local JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 23 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 24 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 26 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 27 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 28 helper helper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 29 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 31 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 32 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 35 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1859 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 2 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 5 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 8 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 9 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 13 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 14 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 16 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 17 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 18 initiate initiate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 19 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 22 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 23 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1860 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 1 Germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 2 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 4 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 5 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 7 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 9 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 10 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 13 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 15 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 16 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1861 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 1 Distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 2 polarity polarity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 3 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 6 superficial superficial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 8 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 9 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 12 deep deep JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 13 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 14 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 16 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 18 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 20 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 21 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1862 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 2 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 3 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 5 orientated orientate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 8 source source NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 10 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 12 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 13 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 15 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 18 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 19 centrocytes centrocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 21 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 22 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 23 moderate moderate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 24 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 26 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 27 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 28 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1863 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 5 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 6 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 8 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 9 centroblasts centroblasts NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 12 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 14 densely densely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 15 packed pack VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 18 scant scant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 19 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 21 giving give VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 22 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 23 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 25 darker dark JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 26 appearance appearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 27 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 28 H&E H&E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 29 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1864 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 2 centroblasts centroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 3 undergo undergo VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 4 somatic somatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 5 mutations mutation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 8 variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 9 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 12 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 13 gene gene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 15 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 17 isotype isotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 18 class class NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 19 switching switching NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 21 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 22 IgM IgM NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 24 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 25 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 26 IgA IgA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1865 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 1 During during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 2 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 3 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 5 centroblasts centroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 6 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 7 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 11 fragments fragment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 13 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 17 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 19 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 20 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 21 tingible tingible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 23 stainable stainable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 25 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 26 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1866 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 3 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 4 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 5 survived survive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 7 affinity affinity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 8 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 9 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 11 now now RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 12 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 13 centrocytes centrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 15 along along IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 17 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 20 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 21 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 23 populate populate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 25 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 26 center center NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 27 light light NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 28 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1867 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 2 post post JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 3 - - JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 4 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 5 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 6 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 8 leave leave VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 10 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 12 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 14 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 16 immunoblasts immunoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 18 plasmablasts plasmablast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 21 migrate migrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 22 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 24 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 27 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 28 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 30 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 31 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 32 mature mature VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 34 excrete excrete VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 35 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 36 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 38 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 39 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1868 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 6 colonize colonize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 8 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 9 surrounding surround VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 11 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 12 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 13 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 15 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 17 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 18 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1869 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 1 Marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 2 zones zone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 4 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 5 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 7 situations situation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 9 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 11 intense intense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 12 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 13 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 15 serve serve VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 18 reservoir reservoir NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 20 memory memory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 21 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1870 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 2 elliptical elliptical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 3 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 4 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 5 cuff cuff NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 7 wider wide JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 8 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 10 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 11 pole pole NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 14 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 16 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 18 instances instance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 20 strong strong JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 21 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 22 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 25 cuffs cuff NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 26 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 27 completely completely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 28 encircle encircle VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 30 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 31 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1871 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 1 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 3 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 5 listed list VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 7 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 8 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 9 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 10 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 14 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 16 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 17 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 19 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 22 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 23 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 24 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 25 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 26 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 29 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 31 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 32 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 34 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 36 paracortex paracortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 39 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 41 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 42 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 44 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 45 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1872 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 1 Generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 3 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 8 distributed distribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 10 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 11 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 12 patterns pattern NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 15 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1873 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 1 First first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 3 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 6 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 8 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 10 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 12 generalized generalized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 16 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 18 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 20 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1874 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 2 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 5 attributed attribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 7 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 8 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 10 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 13 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 14 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1875 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 3 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 5 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 7 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 8 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 10 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 12 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 14 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 16 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 17 drained drain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 19 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 20 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 21 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 22 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 23 checked check VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 24 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 25 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 27 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 29 evaluate evaluate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 31 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 32 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 33 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 35 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 36 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 37 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 38 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 39 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1876 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 4 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 6 know know VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 8 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 9 drained drain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 11 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 12 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 13 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1877 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 1 Mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 3 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 5 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 6 larger large JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 7 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 9 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 10 Approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 11 90 90 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 12 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 14 95 95 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 15 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 18 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 21 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 23 HEVs hev NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 26 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 27 play play VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 28 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 29 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 30 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 32 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 33 fluid fluid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 34 balance balance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1878 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 2 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 3 vasculature vasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 4 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 6 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 7 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 8 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 11 pierce pierce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 13 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 15 drain drain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 18 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 19 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1879 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 2 continues continue VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 4 drain drain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 5 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 7 trabecular trabecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 8 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 11 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 12 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 14 finally finally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 15 exits exit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 16 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 18 hilus hilus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 19 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 20 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 21 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 22 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1880 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 1 All all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 3 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 4 receive receive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 5 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 6 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 7 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 9 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 10 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 13 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1881 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 3 lymphocenter lymphocenter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 6 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 8 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 9 anatomy anatomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 11 describe describe VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 14 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 17 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 21 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 23 consistently consistently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 24 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 25 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 27 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 28 location location NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 30 drains drain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 31 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 33 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 34 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 35 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 36 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 37 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1882 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 5 popliteal popliteal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 6 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 7 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 9 caudal caudal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 12 stifle stifle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 14 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 16 distal distal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 17 hind hind JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 18 limb limb NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1883 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 2 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 3 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 5 bronchial bronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 6 lymphocenter lymphocenter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 9 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 10 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 12 tracheal tracheal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 13 bifurcation bifurcation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 15 collect collect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 19 lungs lung NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 21 send send VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 25 mediastinal mediastinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 26 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 28 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 31 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 32 duct duct NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1884 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 5 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 6 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 7 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 8 vessel vessel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 9 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 12 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 13 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 17 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 19 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 20 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 21 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 24 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 25 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 26 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 27 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 28 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 30 contents content NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 32 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 33 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 34 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 35 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 36 vessel vessel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 38 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 40 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 42 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 43 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 45 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 46 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 47 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 49 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 51 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 52 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 53 47 47 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1885 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 3 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 6 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 9 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 10 structure structure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1886 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 2 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 3 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 4 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 5 enter enter VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 8 hilus hilus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 9 instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 11 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 13 periphery periphery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 16 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 18 empty empty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 20 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 22 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 25 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1887 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 3 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 6 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 7 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 8 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 9 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 12 equivalent equivalent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 15 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 16 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 18 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 19 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 20 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 23 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 24 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 25 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 26 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 27 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 28 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 30 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 31 pierce pierce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 33 outer outer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 34 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1888 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 2 reversal reversal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 4 flow flow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 7 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 9 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 10 inverted inverted JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 11 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 12 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 16 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 19 middle middle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 22 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 23 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 26 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 27 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 29 periphery periphery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1889 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 3 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 5 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 8 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 9 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 10 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 12 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 13 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 14 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 16 accumulate accumulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 19 periphery periphery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 21 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1890 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 1 instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 5 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 8 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 13 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 14 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1891 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 2 functions function NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 9 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 12 filter filter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 15 particulate particulate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 16 matter matter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 18 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 21 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 23 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 24 facilitate facilitate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 26 surveillance surveillance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 28 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 30 incoming incoming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 31 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 32 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 33 interactions interaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 34 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 35 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 37 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 38 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 42 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 44 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 45 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 46 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 47 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 48 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 49 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 50 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1892 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 1 Material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 2 arriving arrive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 8 subdivided subdivide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 9 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 10 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 11 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 12 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 14 undergoing undergo VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 15 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 16 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 18 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 20 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 22 taut taut JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 23 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 27 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 28 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 29 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 30 bulge bulge VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1893 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 4 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 5 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 6 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 7 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 8 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 10 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 11 polarity polarity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 13 light light NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 15 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 16 zones zone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1894 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1895 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1895 2 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1895 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 3 49 49 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 7 50 50 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 8 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 10 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 11 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1896 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1897 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1897 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1897 3 46 46 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1897 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1897 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 1 Depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 4 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 6 continued continue VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 7 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 10 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 12 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 14 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 16 concomitant concomitant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 17 paracortical paracortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 18 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 20 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 21 cord cord NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 24 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 25 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 27 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 28 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 29 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 30 continuously continuously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 31 receive receive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 33 respond respond VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 34 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 35 barrages barrage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 37 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 39 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 40 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 42 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 43 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1898 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 1 Sinus Sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 2 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 4 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 7 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 10 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 12 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 13 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 16 first first JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 17 line line NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 19 defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 20 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 21 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 23 noninfectious noninfectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 24 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 27 incoming incoming JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 28 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1899 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 2 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 4 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 5 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 6 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 8 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 10 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 15 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 16 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 17 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 18 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 21 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 22 notable notable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 25 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 26 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 30 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 31 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 32 48 48 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1900 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 1 Leukocytes Leukocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 4 monocytes monocyte VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 7 harbor harbor VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 8 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 9 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 11 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 13 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 14 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1901 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 4 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 5 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 6 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 8 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 11 arrive arrive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 18 infect infect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 20 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 21 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 24 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 26 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 27 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 29 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 30 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 33 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 34 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 36 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 37 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 39 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 40 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1902 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1903 1 Cortex Cortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1903 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1903 3 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1903 4 Follicles Follicles NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1903 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1903 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 1 Follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 2 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 5 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 7 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1904 10 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 3 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 4 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 6 Lymph Lymph NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 7 Node Node NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 9 Function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1905 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 2 antigenically antigenically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 3 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 5 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 6 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 7 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 8 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 9 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 10 portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 12 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 16 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 17 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 18 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 19 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 21 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 23 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 24 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 25 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 27 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 28 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 31 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 32 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 34 hematogenous hematogenous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 35 spread spread NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1906 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 1 Portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 3 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 4 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 6 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 9 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 11 substances substance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 13 access access VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 16 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 17 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 18 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 20 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 22 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 23 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 24 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 25 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1907 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 1 Infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 2 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 4 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 5 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 13 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 16 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 18 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 21 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 22 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 23 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1908 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 1 Agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 3 escape escape VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 4 removal removal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 6 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 8 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 10 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 13 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 14 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 15 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 16 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 17 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 20 next next JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 22 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 25 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 27 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 28 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 29 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 31 immunologic immunologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 32 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 33 there there RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1909 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 2 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 4 continue continue VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 5 serially serially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 6 down down IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 9 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 10 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 13 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 15 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 17 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 18 removed remove VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 21 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 22 eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 23 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 24 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 25 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 27 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 28 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 30 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 32 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 33 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 34 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 35 ducts duct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 37 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 38 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 39 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 41 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1910 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 2 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 3 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 5 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 8 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 9 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 10 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 11 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 12 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 14 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 16 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 17 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 21 hematogenously hematogenously NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 23 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 25 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 26 leukocytes leukocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 27 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 28 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 29 monocytes monocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 31 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 32 septicemias septicemias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 34 bacteremias bacteremias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1911 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 1 Direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 2 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 8 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 10 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 12 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 13 protected protect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 16 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 17 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 18 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1912 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 1 Occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 3 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 6 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 7 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 8 extend extend VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 9 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 11 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 12 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 13 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 14 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1913 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 1 Defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 3 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 6 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 7 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 9 protect protect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 10 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 11 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 12 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 15 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 18 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 20 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 21 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 22 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 24 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 26 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 27 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 29 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 32 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1914 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 2 defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 5 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 7 nature nature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 9 protect protect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 10 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 11 external external JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 12 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 14 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 16 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 17 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 18 capsules capsule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 20 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 21 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1915 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 1 Hemal Hemal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 4 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 6 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 7 red red NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 9 brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 10 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 11 found find VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 13 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 15 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 17 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 18 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 21 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 22 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 23 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 24 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 26 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 28 primates primate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 31 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 32 canids canid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1916 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 2 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 3 resembles resemble VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 4 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 8 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 10 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 11 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 13 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 15 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 16 that that DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 19 hemal hemal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 20 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 22 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 24 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 26 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 28 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1917 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1918 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1918 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1918 3 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1918 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1918 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 2 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 5 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 9 presumed presume VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 10 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 11 hemal hemal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 12 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 14 filter filter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 17 remove remove VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 18 senescent senescent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 19 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 21 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 22 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 24 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 25 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 27 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 29 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 30 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 31 importance importance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 33 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 34 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1919 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 1 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 4 initial initial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 5 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 7 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 8 immunity immunity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 11 crucial crucial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 14 protection protection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 16 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 17 barriers barrier NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1920 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 1 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 3 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 5 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 6 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 7 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 8 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 10 aggregated aggregated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 11 lymphoid lymphoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 13 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 14 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 16 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 18 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 20 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 21 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 22 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 23 subcategorized subcategorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 24 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 25 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 27 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 28 location location NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1921 29 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 2 1 1 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 4 bronchus bronchus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 6 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 7 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 8 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 10 BALT BALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 15 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 16 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 18 bifurcation bifurcation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 21 bronchi bronchi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 23 bronchioles bronchiole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 24 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 26 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 28 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 30 pharyngeal pharyngeal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 32 palatine palatine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 34 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 35 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 36 ring ring NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 38 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 39 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 40 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 42 oropharynx oropharynx NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 43 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 45 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 47 nasal- nasal- NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 48 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 49 larynx- larynx- JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 51 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 52 auditory auditory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 53 tube tube NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 54 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 55 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 56 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 57 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 59 NALT NALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 60 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 61 LALT LALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 62 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 63 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 64 ATALT ATALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 65 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 66 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 67 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 68 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 69 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 70 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 71 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 72 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 73 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 74 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 75 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 76 gut gut VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 77 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 78 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 79 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 80 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 81 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 82 GALT GALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 83 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 84 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 85 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 86 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 87 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 88 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 89 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 90 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 91 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 92 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 93 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 94 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 95 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 96 gut gut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 97 wall wall NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 98 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 99 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 100 5 5 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 101 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 102 conjunctiva conjunctiva NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 103 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 104 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 105 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 106 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 107 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 108 CALT CALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 109 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 110 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 111 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 112 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 113 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 114 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 115 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 116 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 117 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 118 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 119 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 120 genitourinary genitourinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 121 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 122 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 123 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 124 Fig fig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1922 125 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1923 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1923 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1923 3 51 51 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1923 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1923 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 1 Diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 3 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 4 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 8 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 11 lamina lamina JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 12 propria propria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 15 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 18 alimentary alimentary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 23 genitourinary genitourinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 24 tracts tract NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1924 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 3 intercept intercept VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 5 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 6 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 8 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 9 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 10 travel travel VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 12 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 14 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 16 initiate initiate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 18 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 19 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 21 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 22 ultimately ultimately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 25 secretion secretion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 27 IgA IgA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 29 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 32 IgM. IgM. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 33 plasmacytosis plasmacytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1925 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 1 Less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 2 florid florid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 3 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 4 reactions reaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 5 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 6 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 7 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 8 separated separate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 9 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 10 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 12 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 13 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 14 receiving receive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 15 persistent persistent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 16 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 17 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 19 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 20 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 21 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 22 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 23 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 24 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 25 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 27 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 28 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 29 atypical atypical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 30 benign benign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 31 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 32 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 33 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1926 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 2 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 5 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 6 strong strong JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 7 antigenemia antigenemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 10 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 11 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 12 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 14 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 15 exhibit exhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 16 colonization colonization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 20 perinodal perinodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 21 fat fat JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 24 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 25 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 26 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 27 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 28 irregular irregular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 29 lakes lake NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 31 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 32 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 34 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 35 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 36 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 37 hyalinosis hyalinosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1927 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 3 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 5 declines decline VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 7 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 9 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 10 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 11 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 14 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 19 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 20 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 22 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 24 allowing allow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 26 underlying underlying JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 27 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 28 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 30 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 31 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 33 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 35 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 36 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 37 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1928 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 2 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 3 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 4 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 7 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 9 zones zone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 11 thinned thin VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 13 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 14 populated populated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 17 discontinuous discontinuous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1929 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 1 Eventually eventually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 3 residual residual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 4 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 6 collapse collapse VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 7 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 9 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 10 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 12 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 13 clusters cluster NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 15 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 16 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 18 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 20 bed bed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 22 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 24 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 26 referred refer VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 28 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 29 fading fading JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 30 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1930 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1931 1 Paracortex Paracortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1931 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 1 Paracortical Paracortical NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 2 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 7 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 9 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 11 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 12 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 14 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 15 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 21 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 22 differential differential NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 23 selection selection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 25 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 28 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 31 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 33 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 34 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 36 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 37 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 38 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 39 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 41 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 44 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 45 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 46 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 47 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 48 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 49 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 50 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 51 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 52 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 54 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 55 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 56 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 57 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 58 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1932 60 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 1 Examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 3 H&E H&E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 4 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 5 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 6 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 7 allows allow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 8 evaluation evaluation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 10 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 11 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 14 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 17 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 19 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 23 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 24 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 26 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 27 serve serve VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 28 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 30 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 31 estimate estimate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 33 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 34 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 35 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 36 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 37 comparison comparison NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1933 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 1 Paracortical Paracortical NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 2 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 4 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 6 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 8 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 9 appearance appearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 10 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 14 how how WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 15 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 16 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 17 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 18 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 20 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 21 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1934 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 2 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 4 precede precede VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 7 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 10 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 11 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 12 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 14 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 15 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1935 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 1 Proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 3 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 5 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 7 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 10 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 13 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 16 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 19 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 20 catarrhal catarrhal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 21 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 23 MCF MCF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 26 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 29 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 30 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 31 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 32 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 34 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 35 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1936 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 1 PCV2 PCV2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 3 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 5 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 6 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 8 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 11 paracortex paracortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1937 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 1 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 2 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 3 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 6 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 7 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 9 dilation dilation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 12 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 14 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 16 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 18 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 19 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 20 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 21 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1938 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 1 Sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 2 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 3 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 5 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 8 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 9 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 11 particulate particulate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 12 matter matter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 18 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 20 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 22 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 24 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 25 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 26 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 27 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 28 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 30 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 31 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 32 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 33 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 34 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 36 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 38 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 39 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 40 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 41 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 42 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 44 Pigmentation pigmentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 45 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 46 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 47 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1939 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 1 Dilation dilation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 4 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 5 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 7 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 10 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 11 underlying underlying JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 12 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 15 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 16 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 17 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 19 drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 20 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 21 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 22 acutely acutely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 23 inflamed inflamed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 24 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1940 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 3 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 4 progresses progress VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 7 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 8 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 9 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 11 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 16 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 17 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 20 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 23 hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 24 resident resident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 25 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 26 histiocytes histiocytes NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 28 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1941 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1942 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1942 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1942 3 48 48 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1942 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1942 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 1 Depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 2 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 4 intensity intensity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 7 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 10 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 11 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 13 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 14 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 16 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 17 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 18 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 19 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 20 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 22 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 24 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 25 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 26 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 27 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 28 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 30 Enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 31 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 32 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 34 Lymphadenomegaly Lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 37 Acute Acute NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 38 Lymphadenitis Lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1943 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 2 pointed point VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 3 out out RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 6 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 8 Lymph Lymph NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 9 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 11 Function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 13 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 14 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 16 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 18 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 19 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 22 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 25 immunoblasts immunoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 26 formed form VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 27 there there RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 28 move move VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 29 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 31 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 34 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 35 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 37 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 38 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 39 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 40 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 41 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 42 distended distend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 43 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 44 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 45 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 46 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 47 secrete secrete VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 48 antibody antibody NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 49 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 50 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 51 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 52 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 53 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 55 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 56 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 57 plasmacytosis plasmacytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 58 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1944 60 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 2 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 4 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 7 correlates correlate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 10 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 13 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 14 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1945 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 3 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 5 subsides subside VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 8 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 12 decreases decrease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 15 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 16 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 17 return return VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 20 resting rest VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 21 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 22 populated populate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 23 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 24 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 25 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 27 scattered scatter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 28 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 29 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1946 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 1 CHAPTER chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 2 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 3 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 4 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 6 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 7 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 11 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 12 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 13 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 14 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 15 composition composition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1947 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 2 instance instance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 4 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 5 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 6 increase increase VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 8 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 9 transferred transfer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 11 pathogen pathogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 13 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 14 housing housing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 17 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 18 environment environment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1948 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 1 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 6 exploited exploit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 9 portal portal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 11 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 13 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 14 microbes microbe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 16 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 17 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 18 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 19 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 20 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 22 Portals Portals NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 24 Entry Entry NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 25 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 26 Pathways Pathways NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 28 Spread Spread NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1949 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 1 Table table NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 2 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 3 -5 -5 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 4 lists list VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 6 interactions interaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 9 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 11 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 12 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1950 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 2 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 4 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 6 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 8 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 10 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 12 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 13 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 14 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 15 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 16 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 18 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 21 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 23 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 26 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1951 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1952 1 Hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1952 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 1 Hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 4 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 7 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 9 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 10 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 12 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 14 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 16 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 17 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 19 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 20 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 22 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 25 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1953 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 3 51 51 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 5 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1954 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 2 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 6 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 10 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 14 BALT BALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 15 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 17 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 18 Dictyocaulus Dictyocaulus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 19 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1955 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 2 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 4 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 6 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 9 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 12 Metastrongylus Metastrongylus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 13 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1956 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 2 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 4 associated associate VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 5 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 7 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1957 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1958 1 Mycoplasma mycoplasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1958 2 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1958 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1959 1 pneumonias pneumonia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1959 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1959 3 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1959 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 1 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 2 display display VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 3 marked mark VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 4 BALT BALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 5 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 6 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 7 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 8 encircle encircle VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 9 bronchioles bronchiole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 11 bronchi bronchi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 13 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 14 cuffing cuff VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 15 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 16 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1960 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 1 Hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 3 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 6 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 7 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 8 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 9 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 10 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 11 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 12 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 14 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 15 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 16 plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 18 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 20 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 21 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1961 23 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1962 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1962 2 -51 -51 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1962 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1962 4 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1962 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1962 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 4 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 7 conjunctiva conjunctiva NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 10 eyelids eyelid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 13 third third JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 14 eyelid eyelid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 17 conjunctivitis conjunctivitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 20 pharyngeal pharyngeal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 21 mucosa mucosa JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 23 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 24 pharyngitis pharyngitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 27 gastric gastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 28 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 30 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 31 gastritis gastritis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 35 urinary urinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 36 bladder bladder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 37 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 38 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 39 cystitis cystitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 41 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 42 cystitis cystitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1963 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 3 fetus fetus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 5 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 6 detectable detectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 7 BALT BALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 9 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 13 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 15 fetuses fetus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 16 aborted abort VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 17 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 20 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1964 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1965 1 Atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1965 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 1 Atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 4 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 6 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 8 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 9 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 10 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 12 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 13 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 15 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 16 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 18 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 19 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 22 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 23 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 24 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 25 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 28 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 29 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 31 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 32 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 34 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 36 malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 38 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 40 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 41 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 43 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 44 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 45 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 46 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 47 repopulated repopulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 48 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 49 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 50 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 51 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 52 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 53 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 54 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 55 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 56 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 57 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 58 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 59 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 60 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1966 61 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 1 Lymphocytolysis Lymphocytolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 3 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 4 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 5 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 7 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 8 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 9 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 12 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 13 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 15 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 16 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 18 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 20 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 22 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 23 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 24 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 26 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 27 punchedout punchedout NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 28 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 29 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 30 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1967 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 2 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 3 Chapters Chapters NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 4 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 6 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1968 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 2 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 3 portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 5 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 7 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 9 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 10 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 12 hematogenous hematogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 13 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 15 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 16 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 17 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 19 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 22 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1969 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 1 Pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 2 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 3 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 5 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 6 coli coli NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 8 Yersinia Yersinia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 9 pestis pestis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 11 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 12 avium avium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 13 ssp ssp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1970 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 1 paratuberculosis paratuberculosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 3 MAP MAP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 6 L. L. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 7 monocytogenes monocytogenes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 9 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 10 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1971 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 3 Shigella Shigella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 4 flexneri flexneri NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 5 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 6 invade invade VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 8 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 9 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 11 lumen lumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 14 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 15 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 16 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 18 M m CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1972 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 2 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 4 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 6 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 10 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 12 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 13 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1973 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 2 scrapie scrapie NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 3 prion prion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 4 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 6 PrP PrP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 7 Sc Sc NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 11 accumulate accumulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 13 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 14 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 15 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1974 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 2 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 6 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 9 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 11 rinderpest rinderpest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 14 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 15 catarrhal catarrhal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 16 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 17 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 19 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 20 panleukopenia panleukopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 21 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 24 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 25 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 27 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 28 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 29 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 30 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 32 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1975 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 1 Portals portal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 3 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 4 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 6 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 9 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 11 substances substance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 13 access access VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 16 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 18 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 20 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 22 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 23 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1976 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 1 Defense defense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 3 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 5 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 7 protect protect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 8 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 9 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 10 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 12 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 13 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 16 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 18 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 19 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 20 responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 22 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 24 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 25 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 27 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 30 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1977 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 2 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 5 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 7 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 9 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 11 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 12 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1978 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 1 Summaries summary NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 4 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 6 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 7 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 8 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 10 Solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 11 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 12 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 14 localized localize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 15 concentrations concentration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 19 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 20 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 21 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 25 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 27 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 29 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 30 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 31 unencapsulated unencapsulated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 32 clusters cluster NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 34 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 35 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 37 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 38 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 39 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1979 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 3 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 5 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 6 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 9 resting resting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 11 antigenically antigenically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 12 unstimulated unstimulated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 13 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 15 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 16 upon upon IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 17 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 18 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 21 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 23 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 24 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 25 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 27 surrounding surround VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 28 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 29 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 30 zones zone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 32 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 33 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 34 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1980 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 1 Aggregated aggregated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 3 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 4 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 6 groups group NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 9 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 13 notable notable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 18 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 20 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 21 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 22 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1981 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 2 aggregated aggregated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 4 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 7 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 8 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 9 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 11 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 12 obvious obvious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 15 ileum ileum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1982 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 2 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 4 covered cover VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 7 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 8 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 11 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 13 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 14 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 16 FAE FAE NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1983 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 2 FAE FAE NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 5 interface interface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 6 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 8 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 9 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 10 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 13 luminal luminal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 14 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 16 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 18 enterocytes enterocytes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 20 interdigitated interdigitated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 21 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 22 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1984 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 1 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 3 transport transport VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 5 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 6 endocytosis endocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 8 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 10 pinocytosis pinocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 13 micropinocytosis micropinocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 15 antigens antigen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 17 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 19 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 22 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 23 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 25 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 26 lumen lumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 29 underlying underlying JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 30 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 31 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 33 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 35 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 36 deliver deliver VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 38 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 39 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 41 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 42 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 43 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 45 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 46 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 47 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1985 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 1 M m NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 4 express express VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 5 IgA IgA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 6 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 8 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 9 allows allow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 12 capture capture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 14 transport transport NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 16 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 17 entrapped entrap VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 19 IgA. IgA. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 20 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 21 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 23 enterocytes enterocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 25 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 26 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 27 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 29 FAE FAE NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 30 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 31 modulated modulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 32 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 34 luminal luminal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 35 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 36 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 37 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 38 mercury mercury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 39 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 40 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 41 suppressive suppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 42 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 43 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 45 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 46 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1986 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 1 Halogenated halogenated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 2 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 3 hydrocarbons hydrocarbon NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 4 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 5 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 7 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 8 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 9 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 10 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 11 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 12 lead lead VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 14 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 17 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 19 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 20 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 21 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1987 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 1 Heavy heavy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 2 metals metal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 6 lead lead NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 8 mercury mercury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 10 nickel nickel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 13 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 15 generally generally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 16 affect affect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 18 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 20 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 22 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 25 NK NK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 26 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 29 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 30 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1988 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 2 metals metal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 6 selenium selenium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 8 zinc zinc NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 11 vanadium vanadium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 15 immunostimulatory immunostimulatory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 16 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 17 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 18 doses dose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1989 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 2 immunotoxic immunotoxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 5 differ differ VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 7 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 8 chelation chelation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 10 molecules molecule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 12 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 14 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 15 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 17 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 18 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 19 integrity integrity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 22 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 23 acid acid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 24 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1990 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 2 toxic toxic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 3 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 5 mycotoxins mycotoxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 6 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 8 fumonisins fumonisins NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 9 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 10 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 12 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 13 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 15 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 16 fungal fungal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 17 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 18 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 20 members member NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 23 genus genus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 24 Fusarium fusarium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 27 aflatoxin aflatoxin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 29 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 30 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 31 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 32 flavus flavu NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 34 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 35 lymphocytolysis lymphocytolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 36 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 38 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 39 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1991 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 1 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 2 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 3 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 4 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 5 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 7 Mucosa Mucosa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 9 Associated Associated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 10 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 11 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 13 Injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 14 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 17 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 18 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 19 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 21 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 23 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 25 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1992 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 1 Thymic Thymic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 2 cysts cyst NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 5 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 8 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 10 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 11 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 14 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 15 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 18 cranial cranial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 19 mediastinum mediastinum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1993 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 1 Thymic Thymic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 2 cysts cyst NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 5 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 7 ciliated ciliated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 8 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 10 represent represent VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 11 developmental developmental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 12 remnants remnant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 14 branchial branchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 15 arch arch JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 16 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 19 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 21 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 22 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1994 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 1 Thymitis Thymitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 4 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 5 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 9 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 11 PCV2 pcv2 JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 12 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 14 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 15 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 17 Pigs Pigs NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 20 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 21 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 24 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 25 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 26 abortion abortion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 28 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 29 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 30 18 18 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 34 salmon salmon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 35 poisoning poisoning NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 36 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 38 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 40 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 41 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 42 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1995 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 1 Infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 2 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 3 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 4 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 5 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 6 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 7 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1996 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 1 Variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 2 degrees degree NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 4 acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 5 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 10 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 12 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 14 chemotherapeutic chemotherapeutic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 15 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 17 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 19 malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 21 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 24 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1997 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 3 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 5 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 7 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 8 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 10 injure injure VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 11 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 12 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 14 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 16 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 17 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 18 EHV-1 EHV-1 NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 20 aborted abort VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1998 21 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 6 52 52 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 9 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 10 swine swine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 11 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 14 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 16 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 17 distemper distemper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 18 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 20 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 22 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 23 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 26 FIV fiv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 27 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 28 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 29 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 30 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 31 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 33 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 34 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 35 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 36 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 37 FIV fiv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 38 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 39 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 40 kittens kitten NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 1999 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 1 Environmental environmental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 2 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 6 halogenated halogenated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 7 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 8 hydrocarbons hydrocarbon NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 10 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 12 polychlorinated polychlorinated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 13 biphenyls biphenyl NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 15 dibenzodioxins dibenzodioxins NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 18 lead lead NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 21 Thymic Thymic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 22 Hyperplasia Hyperplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2000 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 1 Asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 2 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 4 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 6 juvenile juvenile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 9 association association NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 11 immunizations immunization NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 13 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 15 symmetrical symmetrical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 16 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 19 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 22 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2001 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 1 Autoimmune autoimmune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 6 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 8 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 9 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 10 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 12 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 14 myasthenia myasthenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 15 gravis gravis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2002 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 1 Asplenia asplenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 4 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 9 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 11 utero utero NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 12 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 13 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 15 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 19 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 22 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 23 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 24 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 25 status status NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 27 uncertain uncertain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2003 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 2 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 3 aplasia aplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 5 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 7 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 8 strains strain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 10 mice mouse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 13 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 14 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 16 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 17 maintained maintain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 18 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 19 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 20 germ germ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 22 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 24 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 25 pathogen pathogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 27 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 29 SPF SPF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 31 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 34 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 36 asplenia asplenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 37 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 38 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 39 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 40 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2004 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 5 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 7 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 9 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 10 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 15 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 17 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 19 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 21 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 23 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2005 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 1 Gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 2 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 5 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 6 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 7 deciding decide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 8 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 12 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 14 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 17 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 20 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 23 E E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 24 - - NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 25 Appendix Appendix NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 26 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 27 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 28 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2006 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 1 Diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 2 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 5 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 8 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 10 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 12 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 13 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 14 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 18 infiltrative infiltrative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 19 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 21 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 22 meaty meaty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 23 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2007 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 2 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 5 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 6 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 7 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 8 exude exude VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 11 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 12 meaty meaty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 13 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 15 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 16 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 18 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 19 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 20 readily readily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 21 ooze ooze VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2008 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 4 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 5 having have VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 6 splenomegaly splenomegaly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 8 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 9 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 11 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 12 categories category NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 15 list list VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 17 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 18 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 20 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 21 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 23 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 26 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2009 28 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2010 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 1 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 2 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 5 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 6 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 8 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 9 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2011 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 6 54 54 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 8 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 10 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 11 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 12 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 15 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 16 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 18 meaty meaty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 19 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 23 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2012 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 3 54 54 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 7 • • NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 8 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 9 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 12 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2013 13 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2014 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 2 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 5 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 6 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 7 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 8 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 11 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 12 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 14 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 15 Spleen Spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2015 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 2 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 3 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 6 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 10 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 12 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 14 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 16 gastric gastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 17 volvulus volvulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 19 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 20 entrapment entrapment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 22 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 23 volvulus volvulus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 24 Chemotherapeutic chemotherapeutic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 25 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 26 inhibit inhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 28 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 29 cycle cycle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 30 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 31 various various JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 32 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 35 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 36 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 37 dividing divide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 38 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 40 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 41 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 43 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 44 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 45 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 46 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 47 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 48 enterocytes enterocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 49 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 50 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 51 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 52 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 53 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 54 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2016 55 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 2 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 4 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 5 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 6 suppression suppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 8 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 11 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 12 disturbances disturbance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 14 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 15 side side NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 16 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 18 anticancer anticancer JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 19 drugs drug NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2017 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 1 Purine Purine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 2 analogues analogue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 4 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 6 azathioprine azathioprine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 8 compete compete VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 10 purines purine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 13 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 15 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 16 acids acid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 18 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 19 alkylating alkylating JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 20 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 21 like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 22 cyclophosphamide cyclophosphamide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 23 cross cross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 24 - - JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 25 link link JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 26 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 28 inhibit inhibit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 30 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 32 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 34 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2018 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 1 Cyclosporin cyclosporin VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 2 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 3 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 4 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 6 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 7 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 8 signaling signal VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 9 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 11 interfering interfere VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 14 transcription transcription NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 17 IL-2 IL-2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 18 gene gene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2019 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 1 Methotrexate Methotrexate NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 4 folic folic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 5 acid acid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 6 antagonist antagonist NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 8 blocks block VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 10 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 12 thymidine thymidine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 14 purine purine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 15 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2020 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 2 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 3 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 5 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 7 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 8 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 10 desirable desirable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 13 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 15 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 17 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 20 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 22 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 24 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 25 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 26 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 28 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 29 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 30 prevent prevent VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 31 allograft allograft NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 32 rejection rejection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 33 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 34 transplantation transplantation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2021 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 1 Corticosteroids corticosteroid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 4 given give VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 5 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 7 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 8 dose dose NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 10 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 12 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 14 suppression suppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 16 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 17 variable variable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 18 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 19 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2022 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 1 Local local JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 3 palliative palliative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 4 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 6 cancer cancer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 8 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 9 radiotherapy radiotherapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 11 ionizing ionize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 12 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 15 target target VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 17 damage damage VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 19 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 22 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2023 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 3 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 6 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 8 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 9 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 10 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 13 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 16 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 18 therapeutically therapeutically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 19 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 20 field field NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 22 mounting mount VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 23 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 24 suggests suggest VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 25 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 26 radiotherapy radiotherapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 27 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 28 induce induce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 30 cascade cascade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 32 proimmunogenic proimmunogenic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 33 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 34 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 35 engage engage VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 37 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 39 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 40 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 41 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 42 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 43 contribute contribute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 44 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 45 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 46 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 47 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 48 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 49 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2024 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 1 Malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 3 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 5 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 7 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 9 cancer cancer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 11 lead lead VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 13 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 14 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 15 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 16 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 17 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 18 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 20 neurohormonal neurohormonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 21 aberrations aberration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2025 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 1 Thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 2 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 5 impaired impair VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 7 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 8 malnourished malnourished JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 9 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 11 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 14 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 16 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 17 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 18 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 20 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 21 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 23 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 24 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 25 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 27 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 28 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 29 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2026 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 2 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 6 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 8 emotional emotional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 9 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 12 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 13 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 15 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 17 catecholamines catecholamine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 19 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2027 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 2 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 5 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 6 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 8 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 12 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 13 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 14 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 17 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 18 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 19 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 20 decrease decrease VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 22 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 24 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 27 advancing advance VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 28 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2028 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 3 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 6 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 7 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 8 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 10 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 11 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 12 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 13 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 14 sexual sexual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 15 maturity maturity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 18 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 19 appropriately appropriately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 20 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 21 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 22 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2029 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 3 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 4 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 6 reserved reserve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 8 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 9 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 10 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 14 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 15 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 16 returns return VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 18 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 19 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 20 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 22 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 24 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 26 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 28 postpartum postpartum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 29 uterus uterus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 31 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 32 regresses regress VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 33 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 34 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 35 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 36 primitive primitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 37 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 39 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 41 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 42 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2030 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 3 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 5 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 8 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 9 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 11 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 13 arise arise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 15 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 16 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2031 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 1 Thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 2 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 3 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 4 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 6 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 10 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 13 very very RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 14 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 15 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2032 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 3 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 5 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 7 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 8 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 10 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 12 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 13 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 15 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 17 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 19 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 20 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 21 53 53 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 24 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 25 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 26 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2033 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 1 Thymomas thymoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 2 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 5 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 6 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 9 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 10 benign benign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 11 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 12 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 13 occupy occupy VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 15 cranial cranial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 16 mediastinum mediastinum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 18 older old JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 19 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2034 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 4 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 5 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 7 clustered clustered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 9 individualized individualized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 10 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 11 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 15 outnumbered outnumber VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 17 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 18 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 19 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 21 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 22 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 24 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 25 thymoma thymoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 26 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2035 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 1 Thymomas Thymomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 5 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 8 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 9 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 10 cystic cystic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 11 structures structure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2036 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 1 Immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 4 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 5 myasthenia myasthenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 6 gravis gravis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 8 immunemediated immunemediated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 9 polymyositis polymyositis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 11 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 13 thymomas thymoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 15 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 18 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 19 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 21 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2037 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 1 Myasthenia myasthenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 2 gravis gravis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 4 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 6 autoantibodies autoantibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 7 directed direct VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 8 toward toward IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 10 acetylcholine acetylcholine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 11 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 14 lead lead VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 16 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 18 postsynaptic postsynaptic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 19 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 21 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 23 acetylcholine acetylcholine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 24 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 25 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 26 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 27 junction junction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2038 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 1 Megaesophagus Megaesophagus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 3 aspiration aspiration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 4 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 6 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 7 sequelae sequela NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 9 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 10 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2039 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 2 syn syn NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 4 necropsy necropsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 7 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 9 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 11 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 12 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 13 euthanized euthanize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 15 anesthetized anesthetize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 17 barbiturates barbiturate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2040 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 6 extremely extremely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 7 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 11 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 12 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 13 55 55 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 18 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 19 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 20 bulges bulge NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 22 oozes ooze VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 23 copious copious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 24 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2041 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 5 distention distention NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 8 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 9 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 10 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 11 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 12 fragile fragile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 14 easily easily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 15 ruptured rupture VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2042 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 7 distended distend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 8 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 9 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 13 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 14 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 17 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 18 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 20 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 22 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 23 separated separate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 27 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 28 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 29 56 56 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2043 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 1 Electric electric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 2 stunning stunning JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 4 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 5 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 6 slaughter slaughter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 8 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 11 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 12 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 13 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 16 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 18 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 20 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 22 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 23 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 24 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 25 confused confuse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 26 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 28 pathologically pathologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 29 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 30 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2044 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 2 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 4 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 5 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 6 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 8 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 9 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 11 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2045 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2046 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2046 2 Congestion Congestion NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2046 3 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2046 4 Hyperemia Hyperemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2046 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 2 septicemias septicemias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 6 hyperemia hyperemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 8 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 9 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 10 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 12 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 13 zones zone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 15 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 16 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 17 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2047 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 1 Microbes microbe NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 3 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 4 hematogenously hematogenously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 7 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 9 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 12 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 13 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2048 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 1 Enormous enormous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 2 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 4 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 5 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 8 cleared clear VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 11 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 14 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 16 20 20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 18 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 19 minutes minute NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 21 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 22 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 23 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 24 defensive defensive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 25 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 27 overwhelmed overwhelmed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 30 outcome outcome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 31 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 32 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 33 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2049 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 2 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 5 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 6 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 7 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 9 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 12 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2050 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 2 acutely acutely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 3 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 4 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 6 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 8 anthrax anthrax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 10 fulminating fulminate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 11 salmonellosis salmonellosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 13 distention distention NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 19 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 20 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 21 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2051 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 3 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 4 survives survive VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 5 longer long RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 9 swine swine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 10 erysipelas erysipela NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 13 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 14 virulent virulent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 15 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 18 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 20 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 21 compress compress VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 23 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 24 vein vein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 28 barbiturate barbiturate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 29 euthanasia euthanasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 31 anesthesia anesthesia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 33 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 34 sedation sedation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 38 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 40 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 41 hyperemia hyperemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 43 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 44 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 45 septicemia septicemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 48 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 50 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 52 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 53 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 54 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 56 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 57 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 58 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 59 autoimmune autoimmune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 60 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 61 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 62 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 63 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 64 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 65 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 66 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 67 parasite parasite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 68 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2052 69 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2053 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2053 2 Torsion Torsion NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2053 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 1 Torsion torsion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 5 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 7 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 9 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 12 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 14 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 15 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 16 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 17 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 18 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 19 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 21 stomach stomach NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 24 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 25 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 26 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 28 deep deep JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 30 chested chested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 31 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 33 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 34 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 35 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2054 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 2 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 4 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 7 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 9 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 11 firmly firmly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 12 attached attach VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 15 rumen rumen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 18 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 20 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 22 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 24 attached attach VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 25 loosely loosely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 28 stomach stomach NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 29 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 31 gastrosplenic gastrosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 32 ligament ligament NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2055 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 4 twisting twisting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 7 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 8 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 9 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 10 ligament ligament NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 11 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 12 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 13 initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 15 occlusion occlusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 18 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 20 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 21 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 22 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 25 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 27 occlusion occlusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 30 artery artery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 32 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 33 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 34 infarction infarction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2056 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 6 uniformly uniformly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 8 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 9 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 13 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 15 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 16 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 17 cyanosis cyanosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2057 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 4 folded fold VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 5 back back RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 7 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 9 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 10 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 12 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 13 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 17 shape shape NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 20 letter letter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 21 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 22 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 23 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 24 Treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 25 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 26 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 27 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 28 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 29 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 30 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 31 splenectomy splenectomy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2058 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 1 Barbiturate Barbiturate NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 2 Euthanasia Euthanasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 4 Anesthesia Anesthesia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 7 Sedation sedation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2059 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 1 Intravenous intravenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 2 injection injection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 4 barbiturates barbiturate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 5 induces induce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 6 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 7 passive passive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 8 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 11 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 12 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 14 relaxation relaxation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 16 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 17 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 20 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 22 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2060 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 4 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 5 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 6 dramatically dramatically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 7 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 8 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 9 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 10 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 11 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 14 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 15 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 18 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 19 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 22 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 23 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 24 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 25 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 26 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2061 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 1 At at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 2 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 3 magnification magnification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 5 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 8 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 9 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 11 appear appear VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 14 circumferential circumferential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 15 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 16 ring ring NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 17 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 19 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 20 follicle follicle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 23 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 25 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 26 lymphocytolysis lymphocytolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 28 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 30 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2062 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 1 Intravascular Intravascular VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 2 free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 3 bacilli bacillus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 5 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 9 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 11 impression impression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 12 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 14 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 17 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 18 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 19 death death NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 21 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 22 rapid rapid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 23 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 25 anthrax anthrax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 26 toxin toxin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 27 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 28 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 29 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 30 insufficient insufficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 31 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 32 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 33 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 34 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 35 take take VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 36 place place NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2063 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 3 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 4 lives live VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 5 longer long RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 7 scattered scatter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 8 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 10 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 13 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 14 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 16 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 17 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 19 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 21 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 23 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 24 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 25 57 57 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2064 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 1 Anthrax anthrax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 5 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 6 autopsied autopsie VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 7 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 8 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 10 air air NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 11 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 13 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 15 sporulate sporulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 17 anthrax anthrax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 18 spores spore NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 20 extremely extremely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 21 resistant resistant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 23 readily readily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 24 contaminate contaminate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 26 environment environment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2065 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2066 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2066 2 Hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2066 3 Anemias Anemias NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2066 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 1 Hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 4 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 5 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 6 babesiosis babesiosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 8 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 9 crises crisis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 11 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 12 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 13 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 16 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 18 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 19 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 20 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 22 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 23 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 24 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 25 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 26 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2067 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 3 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 5 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 8 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 10 removal removal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 12 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 15 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 18 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 20 sequestered sequester VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 21 parasitized parasitize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 22 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 23 altered altered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 24 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 25 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 27 circulation circulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2068 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 5 dilation dilation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 9 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 10 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 11 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 13 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 15 erythrophagocytes erythrophagocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2069 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 2 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 5 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 8 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 9 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 10 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 12 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 15 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 16 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 17 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 19 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 21 sequestered sequester VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 22 diseased diseased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 23 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 25 diminished diminish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2070 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2071 1 Spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2071 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 2 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 3 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 4 categories category NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 6 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 7 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 9 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 10 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 13 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 14 meaty meaty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 15 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 18 1 1 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 20 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 21 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 25 debris debris NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 28 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 29 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 30 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 31 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 32 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 34 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 36 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 37 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 38 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 39 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 40 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 41 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 42 occurs occur NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 43 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 44 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 45 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 47 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 48 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 49 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 50 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 51 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2072 52 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 2 E E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 3 -Table -table JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 5 -2 -2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 8 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 11 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 12 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 14 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 16 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 18 materials material NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 20 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 21 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 23 amyloidosis amyloidosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2073 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 5 recognize recognize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 7 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 8 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 9 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 11 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 12 processes process NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 14 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 17 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 18 patient patient NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 20 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 22 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 24 immunemediated immunemediated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 25 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 26 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 27 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 28 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 29 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 30 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 31 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 33 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2074 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 2 appearance appearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 5 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 6 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 9 meaty meaty JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 11 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 14 underlying underlying JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 15 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2075 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 2 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 3 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 5 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 9 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 11 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 13 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 15 bulging bulge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 16 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 18 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2076 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 1 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 3 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 4 infiltrative infiltrative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 5 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 7 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 9 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 12 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 14 light light NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 15 purple purple NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 17 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 18 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2077 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2078 1 Diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2078 2 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2078 3 Hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2078 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 2 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 5 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 7 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 10 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 12 Dysfunction Dysfunction NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 13 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 14 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 16 Injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2079 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 4 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 5 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 6 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 8 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 9 salmonellosis salmonellosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 11 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 14 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 15 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 17 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 19 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 20 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 21 accumulate accumulate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 24 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 25 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 27 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 28 zones zone NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 31 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 32 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 33 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 34 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 35 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2080 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2081 1 Anthrax Anthrax NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2081 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 1 B. B. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 2 anthracis anthracis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 5 causative causative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 6 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 8 anthrax anthrax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 12 Grampositive Grampositive NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 14 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 16 endospore endospore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 17 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 18 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 19 bacillus bacillus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 21 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 22 grows grow VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 24 aerobic aerobic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 26 facultative facultative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 27 anaerobic anaerobic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 28 environments environment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2082 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 1 Anthrax Anthrax NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 3 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 7 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 9 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 10 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 12 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 14 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 15 Chapters Chapters NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 16 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 18 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 20 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 23 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2083 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 1 Once once IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 3 spores spore NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 5 ingested ingest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 7 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 8 replicate replicate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 9 locally locally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 12 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 13 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 15 spread spread VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 17 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 18 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 19 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 22 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 23 disseminate disseminate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 24 systemically systemically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 25 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 27 bloodstream bloodstream NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 29 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 31 septicemia septicemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2084 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 1 B. B. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 2 anthracis anthracis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 3 produces produce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 4 exotoxins exotoxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 6 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 7 degrade degrade VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 8 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 10 membranes membrane NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 12 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 13 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2085 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 6 uniformly uniformly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 7 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 9 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 10 red red NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 12 bluishblack bluishblack VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 14 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 15 abundant abundant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 16 unclotted unclotte VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 17 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2086 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 2 peracute peracute NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 3 cases case VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 5 782.e1 782.e1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 6 CHAPTER chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 7 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 8 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 9 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 11 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 12 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 16 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 17 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 18 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 19 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 20 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 21 Diffuse Diffuse NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 22 Granulomatous Granulomatous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 23 Disease Disease NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2087 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 5 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 7 uniformly uniformly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 8 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 10 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 11 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 13 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 14 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 16 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 17 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 19 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 21 diffuse diffuse VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 22 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 23 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 25 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 26 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 27 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 28 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2088 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 1 Diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 2 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 5 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 6 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 7 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 8 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 9 -2 -2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 11 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 14 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 16 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 17 facultative facultative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 18 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 20 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 21 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 23 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 25 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 26 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2089 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2090 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2090 2 Brucella Brucella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2090 3 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2090 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 3 Francisella Francisella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 4 tularensis tularensis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 6 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 8 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 10 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 11 mycoses mycose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 15 Blastomyces Blastomyces NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 16 dermatitidis dermatitidis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 18 Histoplasma Histoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 19 capsulatum capsulatum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2091 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 2 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 3 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 4 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 5 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 6 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 8 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 10 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 11 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 12 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 13 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 14 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 16 Enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 17 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 18 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 20 Lymphadenomegaly Lymphadenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2092 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 6 59 59 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 8 A a NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 10 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 15 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 17 protozoal protozoal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 18 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 20 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 21 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 23 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 25 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 26 spp spp NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2093 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 4 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 7 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 8 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 9 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 12 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 14 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 16 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 17 granulomas granuloma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 19 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 21 M. M. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 22 bovis bovis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 25 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 26 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 27 Nodules Nodules NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 28 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 30 Firm Firm NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 31 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2094 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 1 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 2 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 5 parenchyma parenchyma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 7 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 8 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 10 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 12 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2095 13 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 6 58 58 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 9 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 11 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 12 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2096 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 2 contrast contrast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 4 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 5 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 6 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 9 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 10 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 12 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 13 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 15 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 17 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 18 catarrhal catarrhal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 19 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 21 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 24 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 26 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 27 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 28 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 31 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2097 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2098 1 Diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2098 2 Histiocytic Histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2098 3 Hyperplasia Hyperplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2098 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2098 5 Phagocytosis Phagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2098 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 1 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 6 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 8 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 9 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 12 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 15 need need NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 17 engulf engulf VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 18 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 20 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 21 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 23 parasitemia parasitemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 25 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 26 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2099 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 1 Whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 2 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 3 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 4 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 5 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 6 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 8 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 10 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 11 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 15 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 16 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 18 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 19 sequestration sequestration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 21 diseased diseased JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 22 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 24 hence hence RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 25 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 26 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2100 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 5 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 9 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 11 attributed attribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 13 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 14 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 18 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 21 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 25 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 26 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 27 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 28 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 29 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 30 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 31 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2101 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 1 For for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 2 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 4 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 5 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 6 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 8 cyclical cyclical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 9 periods period NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 11 viremia viremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 14 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 16 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 17 damage damage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 19 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 21 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 24 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 25 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 26 remove remove VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 27 altered altered JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 28 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 30 platelets platelet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2102 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 2 cycles cycle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 3 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 5 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 7 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 8 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 9 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 11 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 13 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 16 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 18 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 19 replace replace VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 20 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 21 lost lose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 24 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 26 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 29 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 30 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2103 32 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 1 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 3 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 4 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 5 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 6 year year NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 8 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2104 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 2 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 4 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 5 substrates substrate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 7 lipids lipid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 8 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 9 carbohydrates carbohydrate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 11 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 17 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 20 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 22 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 23 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 24 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 25 lysosomes lysosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2105 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 1 Major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 2 categories category NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 4 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 5 materials material NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 7 mucopolysaccharides mucopolysaccharide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 9 sphingolipids sphingolipid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 11 glycolipids glycolipid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 13 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 15 glycogen glycogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 18 oligosaccharides oligosaccharide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2106 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 3 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 4 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 6 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 7 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 10 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 11 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 12 Hematopoiesis Hematopoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2107 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 1 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 4 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 7 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 10 outside outside IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 12 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 13 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2108 16 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2109 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2109 2 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2109 3 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2109 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2109 5 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2110 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2110 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2110 3 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2110 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2110 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 2 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 4 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 6 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 7 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 9 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 12 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 13 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 15 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 16 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 18 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 21 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2111 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 2 ability ability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 5 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 6 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 8 home home NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 10 proliferate proliferate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 13 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 15 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 16 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 17 relies rely VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 18 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 20 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 22 HSCs hscs NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 24 pathophysiologic pathophysiologic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 25 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 28 microenvironment microenvironment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 30 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 32 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 33 matrix matrix NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 35 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 38 chemokines chemokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2112 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 3 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 5 HSCs hscs NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 8 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 9 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 10 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 12 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 14 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 17 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 20 niche niche NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 21 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 22 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 23 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 24 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 25 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 28 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 29 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 31 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 32 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 34 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 35 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 36 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 37 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 39 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 41 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 42 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 43 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2113 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 2 predilection predilection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 4 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 7 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 8 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 9 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 12 instance instance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 15 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 16 persists persist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 17 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 18 adulthood adulthood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 20 mice mouse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 25 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 26 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 27 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 28 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 29 completely completely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 30 understood understand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 32 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 33 four four CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 34 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 35 theories theory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 36 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 37 explain explain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 39 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 41 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 42 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 44 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 46 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 47 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 48 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 49 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 50 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 52 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 54 myelostimulation myelostimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 55 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 57 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 59 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 60 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 61 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 62 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 63 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 64 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 65 repair repair NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 66 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 67 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 68 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 69 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 70 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 71 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 72 chemokine chemokine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 73 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2114 74 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 3 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 6 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 8 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 9 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 10 obvious obvious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 11 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 12 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 15 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 17 injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 20 repair repair NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 23 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 24 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 25 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 27 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 29 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 30 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2115 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 4 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 5 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 8 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 10 degenerative degenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 12 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 13 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 15 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 17 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 18 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 19 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 21 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 23 thrombi thrombi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 25 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 26 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 28 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 30 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 32 fungal fungal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 33 splenitis splenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 37 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2116 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 1 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 4 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 7 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 9 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 10 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 13 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 15 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 16 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 19 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 20 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 21 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 23 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 24 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 25 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 26 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 27 excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 28 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 29 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 30 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 31 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 32 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 33 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 35 supply supply NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 36 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 37 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 39 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 41 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 43 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 44 pyometra pyometra NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2117 46 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2118 1 Primary Primary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2118 2 Neoplasms Neoplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2118 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 6 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 7 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 10 populations population NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 11 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 12 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 13 exist exist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 16 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 18 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 19 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 20 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 22 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 23 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 24 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 26 mast mast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 27 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 30 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 33 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 34 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 36 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 37 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 38 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 40 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 41 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 44 endothelium endothelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2119 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 2 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 3 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 4 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 5 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 7 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 8 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 11 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 12 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 13 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 15 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 16 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 18 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 20 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 21 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 22 60 60 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 25 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 27 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 28 mast mast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 29 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 30 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 33 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 34 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2120 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 5 note note VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 7 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 9 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 10 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 12 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 14 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 15 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 16 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 17 instead instead RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 19 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 21 along along IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 25 diffusely diffusely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 26 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 27 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2121 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 2 different different JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 3 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 5 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 7 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 8 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 10 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 13 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 14 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 15 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 16 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2122 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 2 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 5 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 7 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 9 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 10 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 13 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 14 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 15 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 18 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 20 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 22 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 23 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2123 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2124 1 Amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2124 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 2 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 4 amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 9 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 11 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 13 AL AL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2125 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 1 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 3 AA AA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 5 amyloidosis amyloidosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 7 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 8 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 9 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 11 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2126 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 1 Rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 3 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 4 amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 5 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 8 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 9 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 11 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 13 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 14 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 15 61 61 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 19 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 21 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 23 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 25 rubbery rubbery JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 27 waxy waxy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 30 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 31 brown brown NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 32 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 33 orange orange NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2127 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 3 amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 5 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 8 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 9 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 12 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 13 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 14 enough enough RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 17 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 18 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 19 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 20 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 21 2-mm 2-mm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 23 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 24 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 25 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2128 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 1 Amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 2 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 6 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 7 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 9 walls wall NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 11 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 12 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 14 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2129 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 3 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 4 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 6 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 10 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 12 amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 14 AL AL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 16 deposits deposit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2130 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2131 1 Lysosomal Lysosomal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2131 2 Storage Storage NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2131 3 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2131 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 1 Storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 5 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 6 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 8 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 9 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 11 metabolism metabolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 12 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 14 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 16 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 17 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 18 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 20 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 22 lysosomes lysosome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2132 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 1 Genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 2 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 4 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 5 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 8 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 11 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 14 synthesis synthesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 17 catalytically catalytically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 18 inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 19 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 22 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 24 activator activator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 25 proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 29 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 31 posttranslational posttranslational JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 32 processing processing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 34 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 35 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 36 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 37 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 38 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 39 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2133 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 1 Acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 2 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 5 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 7 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 8 toxins toxin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 10 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 11 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 12 plants plant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 14 inhibit inhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 16 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 17 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 18 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 20 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 22 swainsonine swainsonine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 23 toxicity toxicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 24 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 26 indolizidine indolizidine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 27 alkaloid alkaloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 28 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 30 Astragalus Astragalus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 32 Oxytropis Oxytropis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 33 plant plant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 34 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2134 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 1 Storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 3 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 4 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 5 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 6 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 14 futile futile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 17 determine determine VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 19 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 20 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2135 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 1 Histologically Histologically NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 3 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 5 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 7 plump plump JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 8 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 9 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 12 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 13 wrap wrap VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 14 around around RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 15 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 17 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 18 haphazardly haphazardly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 19 arranged arrange VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 21 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 22 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 23 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 25 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 27 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 31 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 32 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 33 66 66 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2136 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 2 Nodules Nodules NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 5 Firm Firm NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 6 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2137 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 4 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 9 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 10 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 13 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 16 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 17 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 20 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2138 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 1 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 2 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 6 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 8 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 9 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 12 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 14 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 15 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 16 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 19 5 5 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 21 granulomas granuloma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 25 6 6 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 27 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2139 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2140 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2140 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2140 3 Complex Complex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2140 4 Nodular Nodular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2140 5 Hyperplasia Hyperplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2140 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 2 Lymphoid/ lymphoid/ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 3 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 4 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 6 Disorders Disorders NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 8 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2141 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2142 1 Primary Primary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2142 2 Neoplasms Neoplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2142 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 2 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 3 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 4 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 7 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 9 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 11 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 12 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 13 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 16 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 17 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 20 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 21 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 23 leiomyoma leiomyoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 25 leiomyosarcoma leiomyosarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 27 fibrosarcoma fibrosarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 29 myelolipomas myelolipomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 31 liposarcomas liposarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 33 myxosarcomas myxosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 35 undifferentiated undifferentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 36 pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 37 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 39 solid solid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 40 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 42 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 43 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 44 reports report NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 45 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 46 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 47 chondrosarcomas chondrosarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2143 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 2 locally locally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 3 extensive extensive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 4 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 7 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 11 raised raise VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 12 above above IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 14 capsular capsular NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 15 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 17 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 18 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 19 confined confine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 22 capsular capsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 23 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2144 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 2 consistency consistency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 4 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 5 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 6 appearance appearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 7 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 8 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 11 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 13 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 15 spindle spindle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 17 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 18 like like IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 19 leiomyosarcomas leiomyosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 21 fibrosarcomas fibrosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 22 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 23 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 24 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 26 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 28 liposarcomas liposarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 30 myelolipomas myelolipomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 31 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 32 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 34 bulging bulge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 37 myxomatous myxomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 38 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 39 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 40 gelatinous gelatinous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2145 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 5 remember remember VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 6 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 7 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 8 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 10 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 16 mast mast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 17 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 18 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 20 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 21 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 22 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 24 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 25 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 28 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 29 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 31 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 32 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 33 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 34 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 35 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 36 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 37 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 39 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 40 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2146 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2147 1 Metastatic Metastatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2147 2 Neoplasms Neoplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2147 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 1 Neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 3 metastasize metastasize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 6 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 7 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 8 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 10 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 11 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 12 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 14 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 16 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 17 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 18 67 67 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 21 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 22 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 23 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 25 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 27 carcinomas carcinoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 29 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 30 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 31 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 32 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 33 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2148 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 1 Metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 2 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 4 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 5 fibrosarcomas fibrosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 7 leiomyosarcomas leiomyosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 9 chondrosarcomas chondrosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 12 osteosarcomas osteosarcomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2149 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 1 Mammary mammary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 3 prostatic prostatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 7 anal anal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 8 sac sac NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 9 gland gland NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 11 neuroendocrine neuroendocrine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 12 carcinomas carcinoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 14 metastasize metastasize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 15 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 17 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 18 viscera viscera NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 20 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 22 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2150 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2151 1 Granulomas Granulomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2151 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2151 3 Abscesses Abscesses NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2151 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2152 1 Microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2152 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2152 3 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2152 4 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 1 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 2 splenitis splenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 4 uniform uniform JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 5 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 8 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 9 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 11 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 12 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 13 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 15 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 17 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 18 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2153 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2154 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2154 2 fungal fungal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2154 3 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2154 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 2 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 3 Diffuse Diffuse NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 4 Granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 5 Diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 8 Spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 11 Enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 12 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 13 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2155 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 2 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 6 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 8 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 9 bulge bulge VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 12 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 14 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 15 surfaces surface NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 19 exudate exudate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 20 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 21 vary vary VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 23 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 25 texture texture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 28 color color NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 29 depending depend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 30 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 32 inciting incite VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 33 organism organism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 36 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 39 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2156 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 4 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 6 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 9 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 10 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 13 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 15 developmental developmental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 16 anomalies anomaly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 19 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 21 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 22 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 25 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 27 wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 28 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 29 cachectic cachectic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 30 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 34 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 36 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 37 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2157 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2158 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2158 2 Hypoplasia Hypoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2158 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 5 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 7 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 8 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 10 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 11 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 13 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 14 thymuses thymus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 19 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 21 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 22 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 23 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 24 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 25 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 26 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 27 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 28 undetectable undetectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 30 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 31 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2159 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 3 affect affect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 4 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 7 involve involve VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 8 defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 10 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 11 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 12 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2160 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 6 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2161 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 1 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 3 exceptionally exceptionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 4 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 6 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 9 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 10 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 12 lack lack JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 13 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 14 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 16 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2162 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 4 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 5 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 6 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 8 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 10 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 11 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 15 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 17 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 19 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 21 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 23 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2163 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2164 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2164 2 Accessory accessory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2164 3 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2164 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 1 Accessory accessory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 2 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 5 either either CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 6 congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 8 acquired acquire VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 10 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 11 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 12 Rupture Rupture NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2165 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 2 accessory accessory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 3 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 5 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 6 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 7 choristomas choristoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 9 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 11 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 13 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 15 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 17 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 18 locations location NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2166 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 3 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 4 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 5 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 7 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 8 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 9 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 11 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 15 navel navel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 16 ill ill JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 18 joint joint JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 19 ill ill JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 21 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 23 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 25 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 26 endocarditis endocarditis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 28 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 29 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 30 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 32 castration castration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 34 tail tail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 35 docking docking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 38 ear ear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 39 trimming trim VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 40 and/ and/ CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 41 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 42 notching notching NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 45 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 46 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 47 result result VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 48 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 49 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 50 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 51 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2167 52 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 1 Pyogranulomas pyogranulomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 3 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 6 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 8 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 9 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 10 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 11 splenitis splenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 14 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 15 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 16 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2168 17 septicemia septicemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2169 1 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 1 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 3 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 4 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 6 pyogenic pyogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 7 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 8 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 9 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 10 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 11 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2170 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 2 Rhodococcus Rhodococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 3 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 5 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 7 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 8 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 9 68 68 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 12 Trueperella Trueperella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 13 pyogenes pyogene NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 15 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 17 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 18 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 19 69 69 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 23 Corynebacterium Corynebacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 24 pseudotuberculosis pseudotuberculosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2171 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 1 Cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 4 wet wet JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 6 dry dry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 7 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 9 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 10 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 11 peritonitis peritonitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 14 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 15 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 16 pyogranulomatous pyogranulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 18 lymphoplasmacytic lymphoplasmacytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 19 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 20 foci foci NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 21 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 23 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2172 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 2 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 3 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 5 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 6 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 9 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 10 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 11 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 13 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 15 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 19 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 22 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 23 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 26 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 28 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 30 stomach stomach NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2173 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 1 Perforating perforate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 2 gastric gastric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 3 ulcers ulcer NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 5 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 6 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 8 Gasterophilus Gasterophilus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 10 Habronema Habronema NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 11 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2174 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 1 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 2 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 3 reportedly reportedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 4 led lead VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 6 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 7 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 8 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2175 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 1 Granulomas Granulomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 3 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 4 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 8 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 11 gastrosplenic gastrosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 12 ligament ligament NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 14 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 17 pancreas pancreas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 19 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2176 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 3 74 74 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2177 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2178 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2178 2 Fissures fissure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2178 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 1 Fissures fissure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 5 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 7 elongated elongated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 8 grooves groove NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 9 whose whose WP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 10 axes axis NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 11 run run VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 12 parallel parallel RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 15 borders border NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 18 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2179 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 2 developmental developmental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 3 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 5 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 7 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 9 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 12 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 15 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 16 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 18 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 19 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 20 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 21 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2180 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 2 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 5 fissure fissure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 7 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 9 covered cover VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 13 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 14 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2181 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2182 1 Aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2182 2 Changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2182 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 2 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 5 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 6 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 7 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 12 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 13 ages age NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 15 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 17 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 20 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 22 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 24 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 27 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 30 decline decline NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 32 naïve naïve JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 33 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 34 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 35 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 36 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 37 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 38 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 39 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 40 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 41 involution involution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2183 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 6 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 9 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 10 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2184 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 4 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 8 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 11 wrinkled wrinkled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2185 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 4 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 7 atrophied atrophy VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 10 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 11 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 13 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 14 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 16 lack lack VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 17 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 18 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2186 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 1 Sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 4 collapse collapse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 7 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 8 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 10 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 12 possibly possibly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 13 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 15 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 17 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 18 makes make VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 20 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 21 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 22 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 23 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2187 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2188 1 Wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2188 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2188 3 Cachectic Cachectic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2188 4 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2188 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 1 Any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 2 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 7 starvation starvation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 9 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 10 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 13 malabsorption malabsorption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 14 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 17 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 18 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2189 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 1 Starvation starvation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 4 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 5 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 6 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 8 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 10 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 11 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 13 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 16 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 17 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 18 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 21 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 23 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 24 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 26 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 27 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 29 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 30 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 31 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 32 leptin leptin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2190 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 1 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 2 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 3 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 6 diminished diminish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 8 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 9 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 11 require require VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 12 accessory accessory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 13 signals signal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 15 helper helper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 16 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 18 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 19 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 20 somatic somatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 21 hypermutation hypermutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 23 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 24 isotype isotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 25 switching switch VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2191 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2192 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2192 2 Contraction Contraction NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2192 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 1 Contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 4 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 7 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 9 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 12 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 13 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 16 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 18 trabeculae trabecula NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 20 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 21 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2193 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 2 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 4 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 7 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 10 sympathetic sympathetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 11 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 12 fight fight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 16 flight flight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 17 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 18 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 21 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 23 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 25 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 26 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 28 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 30 cardiogenic cardiogenic UH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 32 hypovolemic hypovolemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 35 septic septic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 36 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 39 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 40 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 41 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 42 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 43 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 44 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 45 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 46 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 47 resulted result VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 48 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 49 massive massive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 50 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 52 hemoabdomen hemoabdomen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 53 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 54 hemoperitoneum hemoperitoneum NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2194 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 2 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 3 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 5 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 8 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 10 wrinkled wrinkled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 14 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 15 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 17 dry dry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2195 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2196 1 Hemosiderosis Hemosiderosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2196 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 1 Hemosiderin Hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 4 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 6 storage storage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 7 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 8 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 9 chiefly chiefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 12 breakdown breakdown NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 14 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 17 normally normally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 18 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 19 place place NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 22 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 23 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 24 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2197 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 1 Thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 3 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 4 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 8 expected expect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 12 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 13 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 16 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 20 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 21 extensive extensive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 24 horse horse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2198 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 1 Excessive excessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 2 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 5 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 7 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 8 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 9 erythropoiesis erythropoiesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 11 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 13 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 14 demand demand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 15 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 16 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 19 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 21 rapid rapid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 22 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 24 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 26 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 27 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 29 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 30 stores store NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 32 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 35 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 36 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 37 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 38 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 39 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 40 immune immune NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 41 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 42 mediated mediate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 43 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 44 anemias anemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 45 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 46 hemotropic hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 47 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2199 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 1 Excess excess JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 3 hemosiderin hemosiderin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 6 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 8 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 9 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 11 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 12 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 13 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 15 injections injection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 17 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 18 dextran dextran NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 21 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 22 accumulations accumulation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 23 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 25 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 27 old old JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 28 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 30 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 32 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 33 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 34 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 35 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 36 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2200 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 1 Hemosiderin Hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 4 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 6 siderofibrotic siderofibrotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 7 plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2201 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2202 1 Siderofibrotic Siderofibrotic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2202 2 Plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2202 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 1 Siderofibrotic siderofibrotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 2 plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 5 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 7 siderocalcific siderocalcific NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 8 plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 10 Gamna Gamna NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 12 Gandy Gandy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 13 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2203 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 5 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 7 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 9 yellowish yellowish NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 11 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 13 dry dry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 14 encrustations encrustation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 17 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 18 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2204 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 1 Usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 2 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 5 extensive extensive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 6 along along IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 8 margins margin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 11 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 12 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 13 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 15 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 16 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2205 18 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 6 71 71 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2206 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2207 1 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2207 2 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2207 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2207 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2207 5 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2207 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 2 H&E H&E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 3 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 4 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 5 plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 8 multicolored multicolored JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 9 mixture mixture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 11 yellow yellow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 13 hematoidin hematoidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 16 golden golden NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 17 brown brown NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 19 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 22 purple purple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 24 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 26 hematoxylinophilic hematoxylinophilic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 27 calcium calcium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 28 mineral mineral NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 32 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 34 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 35 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 36 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2208 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 6 72 72 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2209 7 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 2 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 4 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 6 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 8 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 11 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 13 congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 14 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 17 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 19 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 21 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 22 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 25 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 27 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 28 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 31 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 33 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 35 malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 38 5 5 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 40 aging aging NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 42 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 44 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 46 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2210 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2211 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2211 2 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2211 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 1 Primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 5 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 7 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 9 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 10 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 14 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 15 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 16 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 18 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 20 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 22 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2212 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 1 Neonatal neonatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 2 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 4 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 5 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 6 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 9 extremely extremely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 10 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 12 undetectable undetectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 14 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2213 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 4 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 6 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 7 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 8 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 11 SCID SCID NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 14 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 18 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 19 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 20 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 21 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 22 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 25 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 26 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 27 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 28 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 29 identify identify VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 31 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 32 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 33 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 34 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 36 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 37 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2214 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 1 Congenital Congenital NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 3 represent represent VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 4 sequelae sequela NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 6 previous previous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 7 hemorrhages hemorrhage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 8 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 9 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 12 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2215 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2216 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2216 2 Rupture Rupture NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2216 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 2 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 5 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 6 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 8 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 12 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 14 automobile automobile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 15 accident accident NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 17 being be VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 18 kicked kick VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 20 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 21 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2217 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 1 Thinning thin VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 4 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 6 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 7 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 8 render render VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 11 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 12 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 14 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 17 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 18 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 19 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 20 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 21 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 23 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 25 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 27 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 30 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2218 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 2 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 6 capsular capsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 7 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 12 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 14 dry dry JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 17 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 18 wrinkled wrinkle VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 19 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 21 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 23 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 25 Fig fig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 27 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 28 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 29 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 30 73 73 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2219 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 2 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 3 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 4 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 6 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 9 broken break VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 10 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 11 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 13 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 14 pieces piece NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 17 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 18 pieces piece NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 20 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 21 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 22 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 23 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 24 scattered scatter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 25 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 27 omentum omentum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 29 peritoneum peritoneum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 31 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 32 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 33 splenosis splenosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2220 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 3 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 6 74 74 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 8 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2221 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 1 Clotted clotted JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 2 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 4 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 7 omentum omentum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 9 adhere adhere VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 12 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 13 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 15 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 16 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2222 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 3 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 6 fatal fatal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 9 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 10 heals heal VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 12 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 15 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 19 capsular capsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 20 scar scar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2223 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 1 Occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 2 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 4 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 6 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 7 separate separate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 8 pieces piece NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 11 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 13 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 16 sometimes sometimes RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 17 joined join VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 19 scar scar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 20 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 23 gastrosplenic gastrosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 24 ligament ligament NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2224 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 2 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 3 capabilities capability NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 6 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 7 accessory accessory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 8 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 10 questionable questionable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 12 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 13 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 15 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 17 hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 18 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 20 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 23 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 24 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 25 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 26 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 28 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 29 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2225 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 1 Accessory accessory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 2 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 3 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 5 traumatic traumatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 6 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 7 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 9 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 11 peritoneal peritoneal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 12 seeding seeding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 14 hemangiosarcoma hemangiosarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 17 developmental developmental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 18 anomaly anomaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 19 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 20 choristomas choristoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 23 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2226 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 3 74 74 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 5 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 8 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 10 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 12 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 13 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 14 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 16 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 17 locations location NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 19 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 21 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 23 pancreas pancreas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2227 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2228 1 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2228 2 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2228 3 Infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2228 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 3 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 4 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 6 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 7 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 9 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 12 elevate elevate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 14 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 16 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 17 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 18 Nodules Nodules NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 21 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 22 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2229 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 3 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 5 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 6 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 8 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 9 connective connective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 10 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 12 laid lay VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 13 down down RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 16 shrink shrink VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 18 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 19 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 21 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 22 depressed depressed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 23 below below IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 25 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 28 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 29 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2230 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 1 Conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 2 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 3 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 6 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 8 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 9 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 11 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 13 paracortical paracortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 17 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 19 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 22 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 23 histiocytes histiocytes NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 25 monocyte monocyte NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 27 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 28 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 32 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 34 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 35 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 36 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 37 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 40 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 42 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 44 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 46 5 5 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 48 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 49 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2231 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2232 1 Macrophage Macrophage NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2232 2 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2232 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 1 Detailed detailed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 2 descriptions description NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 5 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 6 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 8 paracortical paracortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 9 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 12 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 14 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 15 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 19 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 21 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 22 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 24 Function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 27 Lymph Lymph NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 28 Node Node NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 30 Dysfunction Dysfunction NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 31 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 32 Responses response NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 33 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 34 Injury injury NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2233 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 1 Follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 4 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 5 involve involve VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 6 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 7 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 10 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 15 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 19 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 20 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 21 localized localize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 24 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 25 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 26 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 27 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 28 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 29 inflamed inflamed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 30 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 31 antigenically antigenically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 32 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 34 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 36 vaccine vaccine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 37 injection injection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 39 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2234 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2235 1 Acute Acute NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2235 2 Lymphadenitis Lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2235 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 3 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 4 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 6 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 8 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 10 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 11 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 12 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 14 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 16 retropharyngeal retropharyngeal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 17 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 18 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 19 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 21 nasal nasal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 22 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 24 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 25 rhinitis rhinitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 27 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 28 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 29 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 31 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 32 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2236 33 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 4 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 5 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 7 75 75 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 11 mammary mammary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 13 supramammary supramammary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 16 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 19 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 20 mastitis mastitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2237 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 3 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 7 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 8 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 10 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 12 edematous edematous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 14 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 15 taut taut JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 16 capsules capsule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 19 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 20 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 21 necrotic necrotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 22 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 24 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 26 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 27 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 28 76 76 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2238 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 3 instances instance NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 5 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 6 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 7 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 11 inflamed inflame VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 13 lymphangitis lymphangitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2239 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 2 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 3 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 6 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 8 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 10 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 11 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 13 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 15 parasites parasite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 17 protozoa protozoan NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 20 fungi fungus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 23 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 24 mediators mediator NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 26 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 28 sterile sterile JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 29 irritant irritant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2240 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 2 septicemic septicemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 7 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 8 anthrax anthrax NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 11 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 12 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 14 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 15 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 18 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 19 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2241 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 1 Examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 3 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 6 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 7 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 8 culturing culture VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 9 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 10 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 13 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 15 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 17 histologic histologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 18 sections section NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 19 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 20 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 22 fungi fungus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2242 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 1 Pyogenic Pyogenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 2 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 4 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 6 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 7 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 8 ssp ssp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2243 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 1 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 3 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 5 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 6 porcinus porcinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 8 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 11 Trueperella Trueperella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 12 pyogenes pyogene NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 14 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 16 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 18 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 19 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 20 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 21 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 23 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 24 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 26 Horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 28 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 30 Pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2244 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 1 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 2 lymphedema lymphedema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 7 certain certain JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 8 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 10 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2245 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 5 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 6 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 9 generalized generalize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 10 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 11 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 13 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 14 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 16 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 17 -10 -10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 20 effusions effusion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2246 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 2 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 5 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 7 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 9 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 11 hypoplastic hypoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 13 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 15 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 16 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 18 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2247 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 1 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 2 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 4 edematous edematous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 5 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 8 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 9 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 11 marked marked JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 12 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 13 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2248 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2249 1 Lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2249 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2249 3 Antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2249 4 Stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2249 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 2 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 7 depends depend VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 8 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 10 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 12 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 14 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 15 stimulation stimulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 16 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 17 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 18 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 19 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 21 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 22 receiving receive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 23 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 24 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 26 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 28 SPF SPF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 29 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 31 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 32 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 33 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 34 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 35 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 36 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 38 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 39 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 40 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 41 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 42 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 44 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 45 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 46 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 47 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 48 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 49 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 50 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 51 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 52 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 53 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 54 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 55 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2250 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 3 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 4 receiving receive VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 5 constant constant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 6 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 7 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 9 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 11 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 12 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 14 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 15 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 17 intestines intestine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 19 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 20 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 22 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 23 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 24 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 25 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2251 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 2 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 4 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 5 increases increase NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 7 decreases decrease VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 9 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 12 intensity intensity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 15 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 16 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 20 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 21 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 22 go go VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 23 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 25 cycle cycle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 27 activation activation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 29 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 32 rest rest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 34 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 35 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 36 previously previously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 38 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 39 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 40 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 42 Function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2252 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 3 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 4 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 5 wanes wane VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 7 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 8 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 9 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 10 depleted deplete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 12 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 16 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 17 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 18 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2253 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2254 1 Viral Viral NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2254 2 Infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2254 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 2 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 3 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 6 target target VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 9 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 11 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 13 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2255 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 3 agents agent NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 5 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 7 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 8 infect infect VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 10 injure injure VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 11 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 12 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 14 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 16 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 17 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 18 EHV-1 EHV-1 NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 20 aborted aborted JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 21 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 23 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 24 swine swine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 25 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 26 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 28 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 30 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 31 distemper distemper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 32 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 35 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 37 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 38 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2256 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 3 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 4 destroy destroy VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 6 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 8 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 9 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 10 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 12 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 13 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 14 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 16 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 18 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 19 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 20 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 21 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 23 FIV FIV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 25 paracortical paracortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 26 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 27 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 28 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 30 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 31 catarrhal catarrhal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 32 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 33 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 35 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 36 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 37 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 39 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 41 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 43 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 45 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 46 Marek Marek NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 47 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 48 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2257 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2258 1 Cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2258 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2258 3 Malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2258 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 1 Malnutrition malnutrition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 3 cachexia cachexia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 5 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 6 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 8 cancer cancer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 10 lead lead VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 12 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 13 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 14 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 15 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 16 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 17 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 19 neurohormonal neurohormonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 20 aberrations aberration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2259 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 1 Starvation starvation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 3 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 4 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 5 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 9 resultant resultant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 10 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 13 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 14 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 15 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 18 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 20 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 21 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 24 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 25 affect affect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 26 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 27 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 28 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2260 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 2 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 4 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 6 physiologic physiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 8 emotional emotional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 9 stress stress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 12 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 13 release release NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 15 catecholamines catecholamine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 17 glucocorticoids glucocorticoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2261 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 1 Glucocorticoids Glucocorticoids NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 2 reduce reduce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 3 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 5 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 7 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 8 redistribution redistribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 10 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 13 glucocorticoidinduced glucocorticoidinduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 14 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2262 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 2 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 4 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 5 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 7 glucocorticoid glucocorticoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 9 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 10 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 11 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 13 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2263 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2264 1 Aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2264 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 2 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 5 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 6 aging age VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 7 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 12 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 13 ages age NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 15 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 17 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 20 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 22 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 23 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 26 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 27 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 29 regressed regress VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 30 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 33 consequently consequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 34 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 35 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 36 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 38 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 40 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 41 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 42 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 43 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 44 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 45 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 46 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 47 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 48 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 49 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 50 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2265 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 3 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 6 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 9 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 11 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 13 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 16 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 20 cortical cortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 21 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 23 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 26 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 27 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 29 respectively respectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2266 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2267 1 Radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2267 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 1 Local local JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 3 palliative palliative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 4 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 6 cancer cancer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 8 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 9 radiotherapy radiotherapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 11 ionizing ionize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 12 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 15 target target VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 17 damage damage VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 19 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 22 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2268 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 3 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 6 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 8 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 9 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 10 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 11 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 13 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 14 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 16 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 18 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 19 field field NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 21 mounting mount VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 22 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 23 suggests suggest VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 24 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 25 radiotherapy radiotherapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 26 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 27 induce induce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 29 cascade cascade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 31 proimmunogenic proimmunogenic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 32 effects effect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 33 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 34 engage engage VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 36 innate innate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 38 adaptive adaptive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 39 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 40 systems system NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 41 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 42 contribute contribute VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 43 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 45 destruction destruction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 47 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 48 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2269 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 1 Fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 3 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 4 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 6 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 7 field field NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 8 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 9 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 10 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 11 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 13 late late JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 14 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 17 radiation radiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2270 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 1 bouts bout NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 3 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 4 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 6 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 8 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 10 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 11 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 12 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 13 mastitis mastitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 15 cows cow NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 17 lead lead VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 19 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 25 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 27 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 28 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2271 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 2 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 3 example example NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 5 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 6 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 7 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 9 encapsulated encapsulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 10 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 12 caseous caseous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 13 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 18 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 20 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 21 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 22 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 23 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 25 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 26 see see VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 27 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 29 Ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2272 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 3 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 5 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 7 ulcerative ulcerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 8 lymphangitis lymphangitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 10 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 12 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 14 pectoral pectoral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 15 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 17 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2273 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 1 Classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 2 examples example NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 4 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 6 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 7 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 8 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 10 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 11 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 12 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 15 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 16 M. M. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 17 bovis bovis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 18 among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 19 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2274 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 1 Members member NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 3 M. M. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 4 avium avium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 5 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 6 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 7 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 8 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 11 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 12 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 15 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 17 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 19 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 20 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 22 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 24 primates primate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 26 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 28 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 30 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 32 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 35 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 36 beings being NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2275 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 3 begin begin VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 5 inhalation inhalation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 7 aerosol aerosol NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 8 droplets droplet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 9 containing contain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 11 bacilli bacilli NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 13 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 15 spread spread VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 16 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 18 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 19 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 21 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 22 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 23 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 25 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 27 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 28 lymphangitis lymphangitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 30 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 32 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 34 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 35 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 36 81 81 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2276 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 1 Initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 5 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 6 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 8 confined confine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 11 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 12 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 14 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 15 lymphangitis lymphangitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 18 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 25 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 26 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 27 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 30 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 32 pulmonary pulmonary NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 33 Histologically Histologically NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 36 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 38 trabecular trabecular NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 40 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 41 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 42 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 45 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 47 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 48 cortex cortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 49 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 50 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 51 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 52 focal focal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 53 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 54 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 55 foci foci NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 56 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 57 neutrophilic neutrophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 58 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 59 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 60 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 61 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 62 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 63 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 64 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 65 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 66 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 67 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 68 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 69 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 70 78 78 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 71 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2277 72 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 1 If if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 2 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 7 continues continue VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 9 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 10 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 12 longer long JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 16 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 18 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 19 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 21 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 24 plasmacytosis plasmacytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 27 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 28 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 29 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 31 expected expect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 32 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 33 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2278 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2279 1 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2279 2 Lymphadenitis Lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2279 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 2 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 5 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 6 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 7 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 8 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 9 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 11 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 12 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 13 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 16 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 17 granulomas granuloma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2280 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 2 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 3 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 4 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 6 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 7 range range VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 9 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 10 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 11 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 12 microabscesses microabscesse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 14 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 15 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 16 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 17 occupy occupy VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 19 obliterate obliterate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 21 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 22 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2281 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 1 Recurrent Recurrent NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 2 Figure Figure NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 4 -76 -76 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 5 Acute Acute NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 6 Lymphadenitis Lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 8 Lymph Lymph NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 9 Node Node NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 11 Dog Dog NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2282 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 2 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 3 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 5 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 7 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 9 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 10 drains drain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 12 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 14 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 15 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 17 microorganisms microorganism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 19 subsequently subsequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 20 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 21 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2283 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 2 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 3 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 5 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 7 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 10 tense tense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 11 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2284 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 2 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 4 bulges bulge NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 7 wet wet JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 9 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 11 edema edema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 15 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 17 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2285 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 1 histoplasmosis histoplasmosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 3 see see VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 4 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 6 Dogs Dogs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2286 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 2 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 3 cryptococcosis cryptococcosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 5 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 7 Cryptococcus Cryptococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 8 neoformans neoforman VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 12 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 13 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 16 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 17 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 20 thick thick JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 21 polysaccharide polysaccharide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 22 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 24 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 25 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 26 strong strong JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 27 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 28 properties property NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 30 promotes promote VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 31 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 32 evasion evasion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 34 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 35 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 37 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2287 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 3 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 4 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 6 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 7 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 10 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 11 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 13 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 16 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 17 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2288 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2289 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2289 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2289 3 12 12 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2289 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2289 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 1 Pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 3 PCV2 pcv2 JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 4 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 6 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 8 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 10 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 11 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 15 multinucleated multinucleate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 16 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 19 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 20 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 22 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 23 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 25 Pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2290 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2291 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2291 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2291 3 Metastatic Metastatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2291 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2291 5 Neoplasms Neoplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2291 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 1 Carcinomas carcinoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 2 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 3 metastasize metastasize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 4 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 5 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 9 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 10 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 11 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2292 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 2 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 3 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 4 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 6 mast mast JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 8 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 10 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 11 melanoma melanoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2293 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 2 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 3 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 5 metastasize metastasize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 6 hematogenously hematogenously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 8 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 9 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 10 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 11 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 15 osteosarcoma osteosarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 17 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 18 spread spread VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 20 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 22 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2294 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 3 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 6 clusters cluster NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 8 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 9 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 10 travel travel VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 11 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 13 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 14 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 15 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 18 deposited deposit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 21 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2295 22 , , . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 1 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 3 subcapsular subcapsular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 4 sinus sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 6 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 7 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 9 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 10 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 11 -47 -47 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2296 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 1 Here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 4 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 7 ultimately ultimately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 8 occupy occupy VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 10 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 11 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 12 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 14 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 15 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 17 drain drain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 20 next next JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 22 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 25 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2297 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 1 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 4 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 5 once once RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 6 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 14 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 15 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 17 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 18 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 19 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 20 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2298 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 1 Well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 3 organized organize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 4 granulomas granuloma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 5 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 8 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 9 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 11 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 13 phagocytized phagocytized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 14 mycobacteria mycobacterium NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 16 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 18 epithelioid epithelioid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 20 foamy foamy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 21 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 23 occasional occasional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 24 multinucleated multinucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 25 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 26 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 28 Langhans Langhans NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 29 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2299 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 2 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 3 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 5 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 8 layer layer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 11 enclosed enclose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 14 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 15 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2300 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 1 Over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 4 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 7 granuloma granuloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 9 undergo undergo VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 10 caseous caseous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 11 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 12 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 15 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 16 lipid lipid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 18 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 19 content content NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 22 dead dead JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 23 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 25 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 26 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 27 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2301 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 2 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 3 Johne Johne NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 4 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 7 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 9 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 10 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 12 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 13 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 14 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 15 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 16 noncaseous noncaseous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 17 granulomas granuloma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 22 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 23 82 82 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2302 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2303 1 Diffuse Diffuse NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2303 2 Granulomatous Granulomatous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2303 3 Lymphadenitis Lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2303 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 1 Coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 2 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 3 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 4 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 5 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 7 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 9 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 10 fungal fungal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 11 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 12 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 14 blastomycosis blastomycosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 16 cryptococcosis cryptococcosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 18 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2304 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 3 12 12 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 7 extent extent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 10 emphysema emphysema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2305 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 2 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 3 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 8 light light JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 10 puffy puffy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 13 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 15 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 16 gas gas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 17 bubbles bubble NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 21 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 22 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 24 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 25 spongy spongy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2306 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 4 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 6 distended distend VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 8 gas gas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 10 lined line VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 12 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 14 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 15 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2307 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 2 change change NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 5 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 7 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 8 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 9 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 12 gas gas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 13 bubbles bubble NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2308 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 1 Macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 3 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 7 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 9 afferent afferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 10 lymphatic lymphatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 11 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 13 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 14 lymphangitis lymphangitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2309 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 2 Transformation transformation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 4 Lymph Lymph NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 5 Node Node NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 6 Sinus Sinus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 8 Nodal Nodal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 9 Angiomatosis Angiomatosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2310 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 2 transformation transformation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 5 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 8 nonneoplastic nonneoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 9 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 11 blocked block VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 12 efferent efferent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 13 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 14 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 16 veins vein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2311 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 2 pressure pressure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 4 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 5 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 6 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 9 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 11 anastomosing anastomosing JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 13 channels channel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 15 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 16 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 17 confused confuse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 20 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 22 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2312 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 2 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 3 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 4 noninvasive noninvasive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 5 masses masse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 6 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 7 begin begin VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 10 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 11 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 14 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 15 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 16 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 17 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 18 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 20 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 21 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 22 hemosiderosis hemosiderosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 25 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2313 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 2 blockage blockage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 5 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 7 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 8 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 11 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 12 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 15 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 16 drains drain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 20 thyroid thyroid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 21 carcinoma carcinoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 23 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 24 angiomatosis angiomatosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 27 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 28 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 29 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2314 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 2 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 3 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 4 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 5 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 7 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 9 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 10 Animals Animals NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 12 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 13 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 14 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 16 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 19 WHO WHO NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 20 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 22 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 23 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 24 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 25 predominantly predominantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 26 arise arise VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 28 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 29 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 30 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 31 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2315 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 2 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 3 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 4 cover cover VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 5 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 7 lymphoid lymphoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 8 tissue(s tissue(s NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 10 arising arise VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 11 outside outside IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2316 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2317 1 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2317 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 3 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 6 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 7 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 8 lymphosarcoma lymphosarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 10 encompasses encompass VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 12 diverse diverse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 13 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 15 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 16 arising arise VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 18 lymphoid lymphoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 19 tissue(s tissue(s NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 21 outside outside IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 23 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 24 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2318 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 6 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 8 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 9 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 11 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 13 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 15 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 17 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 19 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 20 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 21 83 83 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 26 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 27 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 28 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 29 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 31 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 34 bulging bulge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 35 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 36 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 37 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 38 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 39 corticomedullary corticomedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 40 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2319 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 3 great great JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 4 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 7 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 8 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 10 cytopathologic cytopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 11 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 13 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 16 underlie underlie VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 18 importance importance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 20 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 22 better better RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 23 predict predict VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 25 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 26 behavior behavior NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 28 outcome outcome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2320 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 2 understanding understanding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 4 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 5 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 7 crucial crucial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 9 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 11 WHO WHO NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 12 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 15 postulates postulate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 17 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 19 counterpart counterpart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 20 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 21 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 22 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 24 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 26 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 27 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2321 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 2 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 3 words word NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 5 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 7 arise arise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 8 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 9 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 10 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 13 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 14 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 15 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 18 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 20 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 21 precursor precursor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2322 22 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 4 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 5 lymphoblasts lymphoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 8 mature mature VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 9 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 10 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 12 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 16 NK NK NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 17 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 19 Table table NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 20 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 21 -7 -7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 23 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 26 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2323 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 1 Pathologists pathologist NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 2 use use VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 3 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 4 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 6 histomorphologic histomorphologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 7 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 9 immunophenotype immunophenotype NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 11 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 13 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 14 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 19 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 21 Red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 22 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 24 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 25 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 27 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 29 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 30 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 31 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 32 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 33 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 34 acutely acutely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 35 inflamed inflamed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 36 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 39 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 41 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 42 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 43 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 44 hyperemia hyperemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 45 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 46 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 49 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 51 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 52 septicemias septicemias NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 53 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 54 endotoxininduced endotoxininduced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 55 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 56 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 57 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 58 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 59 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 60 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 61 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 63 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 65 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 66 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 67 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 68 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 69 hypostatic hypostatic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 70 congestion congestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2324 71 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 1 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 3 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 7 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 8 obvious obvious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 9 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 12 inverse inverse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 13 anatomy anatomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 16 equivalent equivalent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 19 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 20 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 22 subcapsular subcapsular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 24 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 25 readily readily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 26 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 28 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 29 unsectioned unsectioned JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 30 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2325 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 1 Initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 2 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 3 fill fill VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 4 trabecular trabecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 6 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 7 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 9 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 10 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 11 undergo undergo VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 12 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 14 proliferating proliferate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 15 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2326 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 1 Hemosiderin Hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 2 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 4 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 5 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 7 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 8 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 10 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 11 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 13 imparting impart VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 15 brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 16 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 19 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2327 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 1 Black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 2 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 5 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 8 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 9 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 10 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 11 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 13 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 15 carbon carbon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 16 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 19 anthracosis anthracosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 22 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 23 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2328 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 1 Black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 2 ink ink NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 4 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 5 tattoos tattoo NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 6 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 7 drain drain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 10 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 11 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 12 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2329 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 2 pigments pigment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 5 noted note VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 8 medullary medullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 9 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 10 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2330 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 1 Brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 2 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 5 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 7 melanin melanin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 9 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 10 hematin hematin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 12 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 13 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2331 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 1 Melanin melanin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 2 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 4 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 6 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 9 dermatitis dermatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 10 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 11 melanocytes melanocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 12 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 13 damaged damage VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 16 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 18 released release VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 19 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 21 dermis dermis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 23 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 25 melanomacrophages melanomacrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 27 pigmentary pigmentary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 28 incontinence incontinence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 31 drained drain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 32 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 34 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 35 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 36 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2332 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 2 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 3 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 6 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 7 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 8 melanomacrophages melanomacrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 10 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 12 heavily heavily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 13 pigmented pigmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 14 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 15 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 17 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 18 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 20 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 21 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 22 levels level NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 24 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2333 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 2 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 4 distinguished distinguish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 6 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 7 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 8 melanomas melanoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2334 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 3 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 4 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 6 congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 7 melanosis melanosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 9 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 10 melanin melanin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 11 deposits deposit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2335 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 1 Parasitic parasitic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 2 hematin hematin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 3 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 5 produced produce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 7 Fascioloides Fascioloides NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 8 magna magna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 10 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 13 Fasciola Fasciola NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 14 hepatica hepatica NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 16 sheep sheep NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 20 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 22 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 23 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 24 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 26 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 27 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 28 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 30 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 31 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 32 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2336 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 1 Hemosiderin Hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 3 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 4 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 5 breakdown breakdown NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 6 product product NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 9 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 12 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 13 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 15 arrive arrive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 17 hemosiderophages hemosiderophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 18 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 19 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 20 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 22 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 25 inflamed inflamed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 26 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2337 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 1 Drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 3 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 4 dextran dextran NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 5 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 7 intramuscular intramuscular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 8 injection injection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 11 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 12 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 13 pigment pigment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 14 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 15 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 17 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 18 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 19 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2338 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 1 Green green JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 2 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 4 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 8 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 10 green green JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 11 tattoo tattoo NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 12 ink ink NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 15 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 17 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 20 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 21 ingestion ingestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 23 blue blue JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 25 green green JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 26 algae algae NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 28 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 29 drain drain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 30 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 31 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 32 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 33 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 34 ; ; , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 35 massive massive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 36 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 37 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 38 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 40 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 41 mutant mutant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 42 Corriedale corriedale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 43 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 45 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 46 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 47 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 48 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 49 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 50 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 51 results result VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 52 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 53 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 54 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 55 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 56 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 57 excretion excretion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 58 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 59 bilirubin bilirubin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 60 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 61 phylloerythrin phylloerythrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 62 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 63 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 64 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2339 65 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 2 phylloerythrin phylloerythrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 5 metabolite metabolite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 6 stains stain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 7 all all PDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 12 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 14 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 15 green green NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 17 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 20 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 22 spinal spinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 23 cord cord NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 27 protected protect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 28 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 30 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 31 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 32 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 33 barrier barrier NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2340 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 1 Miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 2 discolorations discoloration NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 5 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 8 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 10 intravenously intravenously RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 11 injected inject VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 12 dyes dye NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 14 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 16 methylene methylene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 17 blue blue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 19 trypan trypan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 20 blue blue NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 23 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 24 drug drug NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 25 injections injection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2341 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 5 yellow yellow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 7 severely severely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 8 icteric icteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 9 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2342 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 2 pigmented pigmented JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 3 strain strain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 5 MAP map NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 7 Johne Johne NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 8 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 12 impart impart VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 14 orange orange JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 15 discoloration discoloration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 18 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 22 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2343 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2344 1 Inclusion inclusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2344 2 Bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2344 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 1 Many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 2 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 3 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 4 inclusion inclusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 5 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 8 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 10 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 11 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 14 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2345 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 2 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 4 EHV-1 EHV-1 NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 6 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 8 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 9 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 11 cytomegalic cytomegalic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 14 inclusion inclusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 15 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 16 rhinitis rhinitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 18 PCV2 PCV2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 20 herpesvirus herpesvirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 22 pseudorabies pseudorabie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 24 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 27 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 28 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 30 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 32 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2346 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2347 1 Emphysema emphysema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2347 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 1 Emphysema emphysema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 3 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 7 consequence consequence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 9 emphysema emphysema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 12 drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 13 fields field NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 16 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 17 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 18 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 20 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 22 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 24 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 25 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 26 emphysema emphysema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 29 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 30 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 31 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 32 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 34 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 35 emphysema emphysema NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 37 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 38 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 39 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2348 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 2 appearance appearance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 7 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 10 immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 12 MUM1 MUM1 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 13 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 14 IRF4 IRF4 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 16 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 17 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 19 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 20 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 21 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 22 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 23 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2349 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2350 1 Histiocytic Histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2350 2 Disorders Disorders NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2350 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 1 Histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 2 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 4 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 5 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 9 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 10 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 11 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 13 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2351 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 3 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 5 categorized categorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 7 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 9 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 12 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 15 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 16 subdivided subdivide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 17 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 18 Langerhans Langerhans NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 21 LCs LCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 24 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 26 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 28 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 30 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 33 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 34 epithelia epithelium NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 36 mucosae mucosae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 40 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 41 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 43 iDC iDC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 46 located locate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 48 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 49 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 50 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 51 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 52 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2352 53 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 3 interdigitating interdigitate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 4 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 5 describes describe VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 6 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 8 either either DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 9 resident resident NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 11 migrating migrate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 13 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 15 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 16 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 17 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 22 paracortex paracortex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 25 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 27 PALS pals NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 29 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 30 interdigitating interdigitating NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 31 DCs DCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 32 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 34 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 35 LCs LCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 37 iDCs iDCs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2353 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 2 lineages lineage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 5 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 6 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 7 immunohistochemical immunohistochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 8 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2354 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 1 Histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 2 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 3 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 5 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 7 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 8 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 9 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 10 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 11 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 12 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 14 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 15 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 16 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 17 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 18 histiocytoma histiocytoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 20 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 21 LC LC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 22 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 24 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 25 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 27 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 28 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 30 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 32 LC LC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 33 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 35 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 36 progressive progressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 37 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 39 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 40 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 41 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 42 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 44 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 47 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 48 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 49 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 50 hemophagocytic hemophagocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2355 51 histiocytic histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 1 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 3 both both CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 4 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 6 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2356 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 2 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 3 involvement involvement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 5 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 7 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 9 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 10 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2357 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 1 Rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 2 reports report NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 4 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 5 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 6 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 7 metastasis metastasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 9 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 11 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 12 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 13 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 14 histiocytoma histiocytoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 15 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 16 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 17 published publish VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2358 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 1 Lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 2 invasion invasion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 4 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 5 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 6 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 7 involvement involvement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 10 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 14 LC LC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 15 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 17 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 20 poor poor JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 21 prognostic prognostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 22 indicator indicator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 24 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 25 reflects reflect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 26 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 27 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2359 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 3 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 5 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 6 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 7 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 9 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 10 effaced efface VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 12 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 15 LC LC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 16 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2360 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 2 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 3 histiocytoses histiocytose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 6 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 7 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 8 proliferations proliferation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 9 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 10 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 11 reflect reflect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 12 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 13 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 14 dysregulation dysregulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 15 consisting consist VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 17 activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 18 dermal dermal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 19 iDCs idcs XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 22 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2361 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 3 categorized categorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 5 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 6 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 8 CH CH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 11 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 12 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 14 draining drain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 16 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 20 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 21 generalized generalized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 22 systemic systemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 23 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 25 SH SH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 28 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 29 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 31 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 32 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 34 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 36 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 38 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 40 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 41 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 43 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 45 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 46 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 48 kidneys kidney NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 49 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 50 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 51 orbital orbital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 52 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 53 nasal nasal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 54 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2362 56 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2363 1 Histiocytic Histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2363 2 Sarcoma Sarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2363 3 Complex Complex NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2363 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 1 Histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 2 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 4 HSs HSs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 7 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 9 iDCs idc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 11 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 12 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 13 arise arise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 15 almost almost RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 16 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 17 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 19 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 21 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 23 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 25 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 27 meninges meninge NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 29 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 30 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 32 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 33 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 36 synovium synovium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2364 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 2 involvement involvement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 5 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 11 progresses progress VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2365 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 2 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 5 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 6 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 8 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 12 lower low JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 13 incidence incidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 15 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 17 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2366 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 1 Localized localized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 2 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 3 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 7 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 8 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 9 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 12 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 13 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 15 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 16 organ organ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2367 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2368 1 Disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2368 2 histiocytic histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2369 1 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2369 2 describes describe VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2369 3 classify classify VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2369 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2369 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 2 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 3 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 4 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 6 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 7 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 10 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 11 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2370 12 • • XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 1 Histologic Histologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 2 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 3 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 4 Nodular Nodular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 5 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 6 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2371 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2372 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2373 1 Cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2373 2 size- size- XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 2 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 5 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 8 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 11 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 14 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 15 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 18 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 19 ≅ ≅ NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 20 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 21 µm µm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2374 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 1 Small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 3 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 4 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 5 1.5 1.5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 6 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 8 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 10 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 11 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 12 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 13 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 15 1.5 1.5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 17 2.0 2.0 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 18 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 20 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 22 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 23 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 24 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 25 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 27 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 28 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 29 2.0 2.0 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 30 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 32 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 34 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 35 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2375 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2376 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 1 Grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 3 Mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 4 figures figure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 6 counted count VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 9 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 10 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 12 power power NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 14 400× 400× CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 16 field field NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2377 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 1 Indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 3 0 0 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 5 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 6 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 7 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 9 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 11 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 12 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 13 mid mid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 15 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 16 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 17 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 18 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 19 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 21 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 22 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 23 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2378 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 1 Although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 2 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 4 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 5 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 7 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 8 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 9 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 11 WHO WHO NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 12 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 15 detailed detailed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 16 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 18 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 19 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 21 outside outside IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 23 scope scope NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 25 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 26 textbook textbook NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2379 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 4 select select JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 5 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 7 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 9 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 10 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 11 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 13 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 16 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 17 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 18 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 19 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 20 -7 -7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 23 currently currently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 24 best best RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 25 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 28 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 30 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 31 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 33 Dogs Dogs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 35 Neoplasms Neoplasms NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 37 Lymphomas Lymphomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2380 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 4 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 8 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 10 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 12 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 13 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 14 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 15 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 17 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 19 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 20 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 21 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 22 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2381 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 4 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 6 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 10 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 14 variant variant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 16 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 18 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 20 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 23 distinctive distinctive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 24 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 25 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 26 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 27 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2382 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 1 Intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 3 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 5 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 7 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 8 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 9 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 10 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 12 Burkitt Burkitt NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 14 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 15 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 17 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 18 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 19 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 22 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 23 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 24 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 28 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 29 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 30 variant variant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 32 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 33 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 34 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 36 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 37 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 39 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2383 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 1 Small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 3 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 5 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 6 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 8 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 9 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 10 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 11 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 12 enteropathy enteropathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 14 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 15 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 17 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 19 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 20 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 23 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 25 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 26 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 27 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 29 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 31 variant variant NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 35 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 36 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 37 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2384 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 1 Cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 2 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 7 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 8 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 9 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 13 epitheliotropic epitheliotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 15 nonepitheliotropic nonepitheliotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 19 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 20 entity entity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 22 inflamed inflamed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 23 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 24 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 25 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 26 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 27 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 28 recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 29 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 31 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 33 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 34 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 35 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2385 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2386 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2386 2 Cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2386 3 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2386 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 3 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 5 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 6 easily easily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 7 categorized categorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 9 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 12 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 15 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 22 extramedullary extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 23 plasmacytoma plasmacytoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 25 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 28 name name NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 29 implies imply VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 30 involves involve VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 31 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 32 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 33 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 34 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2387 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2388 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2388 2 Myeloma Myeloma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2388 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 2 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 3 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 5 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 6 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 8 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 10 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 11 Animals Animals NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 13 Types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 15 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 16 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 18 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 19 Cell Cell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 20 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2389 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2390 1 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2390 2 Plasmacytomas Plasmacytomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2390 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 1 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 2 plasmacytomas plasmacytoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 5 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 6 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 9 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 13 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 16 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 19 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 21 constitute constitute VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 22 1.5 1.5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 23 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 25 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 26 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 27 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 28 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 30 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 31 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 32 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2391 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 2 pinnae pinnae NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 4 lips lip NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 6 digits digit NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 9 chin chin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 13 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 14 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 15 locations location NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 18 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 19 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 21 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 23 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 24 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 25 plasmacytomas plasmacytoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 27 infrequently infrequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 28 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2392 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 2 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 3 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 6 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 7 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 9 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 11 colorectal colorectal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 13 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 16 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 18 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 20 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 22 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 25 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 26 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 28 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 31 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 32 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 34 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 36 colorectal colorectal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 38 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 39 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 40 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 41 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2393 42 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 2 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 3 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 5 extramedullary extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 6 plasmacytomas plasmacytomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 7 represented represent VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 8 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 9 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 11 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 12 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 13 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 14 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 16 28 28 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 17 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 19 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 20 extramedullary extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 21 plasmacytomas plasmacytomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 22 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2394 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 2 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 3 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 4 plasmacytomas plasmacytoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 6 benign benign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 9 complete complete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 10 excision excision NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 12 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 13 curative curative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 15 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 16 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 18 colorectal colorectal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 19 extramedullary extramedullary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 20 plasmacytomas plasmacytomas NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 22 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 23 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 24 behave behave VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 26 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 27 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 28 manner manner NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2395 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 1 More more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 2 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 3 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 5 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 7 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 8 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2396 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 4 myeloma myeloma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 7 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 9 composing compose VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 11 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 12 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 13 vary vary VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 14 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 15 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 16 differentiated differentiated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 17 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 18 pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 20 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 21 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 23 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 24 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2397 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 2 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 4 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 6 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 7 perinuclear perinuclear NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 8 Golgi Golgi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 9 clearing clearing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 11 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 12 halo halo NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 14 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 17 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 18 pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 20 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 21 karyomegaly karyomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 23 binucleation binucleation NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 27 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 28 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 29 84 84 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2398 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 1 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 2 plasmacytomas plasmacytomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 4 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 5 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 6 immunoglobulins immunoglobulin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 8 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 9 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 10 gammopathy gammopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2399 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 1 Amyloid amyloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 2 deposition deposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 4 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 6 mineralize mineralize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 10 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 13 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 15 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2400 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 1 Differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 2 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 3 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 4 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 5 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 6 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 9 aided aid VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 10 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 11 Severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 12 combined combined JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 13 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 14 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 16 Arabian arabian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 17 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 19 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 20 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 21 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 22 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 23 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 24 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 25 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 26 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 28 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 30 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 31 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 33 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 34 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 35 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 36 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 37 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 38 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 39 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 40 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 42 gene gene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 43 encoding encoding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 44 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 45 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 46 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 47 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 48 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 49 kinase kinase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 50 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 51 subunit subunit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 53 DNA DNA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 54 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 55 PKcs PKcs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2401 57 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 4 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 6 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 7 gene gene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 8 rearrangements rearrangement NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 9 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 12 maturation maturation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 18 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 19 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 21 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 22 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 24 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 25 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 26 leads lead VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 29 profound profound JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 30 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 32 infectious infectious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 33 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2402 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 1 Though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 3 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 4 birth birth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 7 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 8 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 9 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 11 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 13 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 14 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 15 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 17 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 19 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 20 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 22 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 24 Cryptosporidium cryptosporidium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 25 parvum parvum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 28 Pneumocystis Pneumocystis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 29 carinii carinii FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 30 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2403 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 2 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 3 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 4 die die VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 5 before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 6 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 7 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 9 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2404 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 4 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 6 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 9 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 10 undetectable undetectable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 14 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 16 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 18 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 19 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 22 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 24 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 25 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 27 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2405 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2406 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2406 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2406 3 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2406 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2406 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 2 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 5 tests test NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 7 identify identify VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 8 carriers carrier NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 11 disorder disorder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 12 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 13 led lead VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 14 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 16 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 19 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 21 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 22 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 23 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 24 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2407 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 1 Recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 3 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 4 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 5 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 6 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 7 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 8 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 11 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 12 Caspian Caspian NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 13 filly filly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 15 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 17 exact exact JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 18 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 19 defect defect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 20 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 21 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 22 determined determine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2408 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 6 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 8 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 10 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 11 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2409 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 1 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 2 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 3 ssp ssp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 5 equi equi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 8 etiologic etiologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 9 agent agent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 11 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 12 strangles strangle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 15 inhaled inhale VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 17 ingested ingest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 18 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 19 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 20 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 23 discharge discharge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 25 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 26 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 27 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 28 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 29 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 30 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 31 environment environment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2410 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 2 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 3 attach attach VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 6 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 8 penetrate penetrate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 9 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 10 deeper deep JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 11 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 13 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 15 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 16 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 18 drain drain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 20 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 22 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 24 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 26 retropharyngeal retropharyngeal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 29 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 30 parotid parotid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 32 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 33 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 34 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 38 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 39 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 40 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 42 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 43 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 45 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 46 -77 -77 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2411 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 1 Retropharyngeal retropharyngeal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 2 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 3 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 4 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 6 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 8 compression compression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 11 pharynx pharynx NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 13 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 15 stridor stridor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 17 dysphagia dysphagia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2412 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 1 Abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 3 rupture rupture VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 5 discharge discharge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 6 pus pus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 7 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 9 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 12 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 13 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 15 spread spread VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 16 medially medially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 17 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 18 guttural guttural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 19 pouches pouch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 21 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 22 residual residual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 23 pus pus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 24 dries dry VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 26 hardens harden VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 27 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 28 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 29 chondroids chondroid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 31 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 32 serve serve VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 33 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 34 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 35 nidus nidus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 36 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 37 live live JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 38 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 39 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 40 persist persist VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 41 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 42 carrier carrier NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 43 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2413 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 2 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 3 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 4 20 20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 5 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 7 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 8 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 10 ruptured ruptured JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 11 abscess abscess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 12 material material NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 13 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 14 spread spread VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 15 via via IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 16 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 17 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 18 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 20 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 21 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 23 metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 24 abscess abscess NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 25 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 27 bastard bastard NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 28 strangles strangle VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 31 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 32 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 34 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 36 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 38 synovia synovia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 40 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 41 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 42 mediastinal mediastinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 43 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 44 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 46 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 48 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 49 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 50 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2414 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 1 Purpura Purpura NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 2 hemorrhagica hemorrhagica NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 5 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 6 III iii CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 7 hypersensitivity hypersensitivity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 8 reaction reaction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 11 result result VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 13 necrotizing necrotize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 14 vasculitis vasculitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 16 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 17 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 19 repeated repeat VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 20 natural natural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 21 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 23 S. S. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 24 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 25 ssp ssp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2415 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 1 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 3 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 4 vaccination vaccination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 6 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 7 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 9 had have VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 10 strangles strangle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2416 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 2 typical typical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 3 manifestation manifestation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 5 R. R. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 6 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 7 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 9 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 10 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 11 bronchopneumonia bronchopneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 13 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 16 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 17 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2417 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 1 Approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 2 50 50 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 3 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 5 foals foal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 7 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 8 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 9 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 10 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 12 pyogranulomatous pyogranulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 13 ulcerative ulcerative NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 14 enterotyphlocolitis enterotyphlocolitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 16 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 17 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 18 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 19 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 20 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 23 pyogranulomatous pyogranulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 24 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 26 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 28 colonic colonic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 29 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 30 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 32 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 33 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 34 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 35 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 36 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 37 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2418 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2419 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2419 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2419 3 68 68 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2419 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2419 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 1 Large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 2 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 3 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 7 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 8 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 11 abdomen abdomen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 13 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 14 originate originate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 15 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 16 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 17 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 18 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 20 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2420 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 2 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 3 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 4 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 7 lamina lamina JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 8 propria propria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 10 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 11 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 12 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 15 phagocytized phagocytized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 16 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2421 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 1 Mediastinal Mediastinal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 2 pyogranulomatous pyogranulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 3 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 5 compress compress VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 7 trachea trachea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 9 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 11 distress distress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2422 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 1 R. R. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 2 equi equi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 5 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 6 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 9 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 11 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 13 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 16 nervous nervous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 17 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2423 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 1 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 5 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 6 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 7 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 9 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 11 mostly mostly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 12 affects affect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 13 adult adult NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 14 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 16 mean mean VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 17 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 18 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 20 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 21 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 24 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 25 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 26 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 27 involve involve VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 28 distant distant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 29 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 31 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 32 replaced replace VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 34 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 35 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 36 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2424 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 1 Breed breed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 2 predispositions predisposition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 3 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 4 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 5 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 6 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 8 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 10 Bernese bernese JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 11 mountain mountain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 14 Rottweilers Rottweilers NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 16 golden golden JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 17 retrievers retriever NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 20 flat flat RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 22 coated coated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 23 retrievers retriever NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 25 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 27 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 28 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 29 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 31 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 32 breed breed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2425 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 1 Histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 2 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 3 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 5 considered consider VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 7 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 9 rapid rapid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 11 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 12 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 13 course course NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 17 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 18 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 19 depend depend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 20 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 22 particular particular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 23 organ(s organ(s NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 25 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2426 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 3 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 4 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 7 uniformly uniformly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 8 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 9 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 10 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 12 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 13 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 15 tan tan JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 16 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2427 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 1 Tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 2 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 4 effaced efface VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 6 sheets sheet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 8 pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 9 round round NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 11 spindle spindle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 13 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2428 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 3 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 4 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 5 atypia atypia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 7 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 8 karyomegalic karyomegalic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 10 multinucleated multinucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 11 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2429 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 6 85 85 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2430 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2431 1 Hemophagocytic hemophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2431 2 Histiocytic Histiocytic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2431 3 Sarcoma Sarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2431 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 1 Hemophagocytic hemophagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 2 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 3 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 5 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 9 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 13 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 18 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 20 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 21 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2432 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 1 Clinically clinically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 3 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 4 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 6 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 7 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 8 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 10 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 12 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 13 mimicking mimic VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 14 Evans Evans NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 15 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 16 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 18 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 21 Coombs Coombs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 22 negative negative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2433 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 2 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 4 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 5 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 6 carries carry VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 8 worst bad JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 9 prognosis prognosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 12 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 13 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 17 likely likely JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 19 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 20 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 23 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 24 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 26 coagulopathy coagulopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2434 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 3 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 6 non non JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 7 - - JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 8 mass mass JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 9 forming form VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 10 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 12 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 13 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 15 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 18 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 19 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 20 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 22 causing cause VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 23 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 24 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2435 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 4 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 5 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 6 erythrophagocytosis erythrophagocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 8 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 10 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 11 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 12 pleomorphism pleomorphism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 13 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 16 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 17 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 18 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 19 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 20 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 21 lacking lack VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2436 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 6 intermixed intermix VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 8 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2437 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 1 Metastasis metastasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 3 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 6 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 8 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 11 concentrate concentrate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 12 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 14 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2438 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 1 Tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 2 emboli embolus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 3 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 5 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 8 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2439 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 1 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 3 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 6 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 8 ways way NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 10 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 12 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 15 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 17 summarized summarize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 19 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 20 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 22 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 23 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 24 -5 -5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2440 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 2 interactions interaction NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 4 being be VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 6 portal portal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 8 entry entry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 9 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 10 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 14 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 15 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2441 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 2 Yersinia Yersinia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 3 pestis pestis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 5 MAP MAP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 8 L. L. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 9 monocytogenes monocytogenes NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 11 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 13 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 15 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 17 viruses virus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 19 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 21 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 23 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 25 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 26 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 27 hematogenous hematogenous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 28 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 30 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 32 panleukopenia panleukopenia FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 33 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 35 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 37 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 39 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 40 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 41 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 42 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 43 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 44 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 45 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 46 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 47 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 48 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 49 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2442 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 4 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 6 rinderpest rinderpest NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 7 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 9 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 10 catarrhal catarrhal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 11 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 14 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 15 panleukopenia panleukopenia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 16 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 19 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 20 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 21 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 22 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 23 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 24 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 26 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2443 28 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 1 Anthrax Anthrax NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 3 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 5 B. B. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 6 anthracis anthracis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 9 Gram gram NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 11 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 12 bacillus bacillus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 13 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 15 spore spore NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 16 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 18 soil soil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2444 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 3 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 6 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 7 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 8 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 9 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 10 grazing graze VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 12 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 13 soil soil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 16 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 17 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 18 fulminant fulminant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 19 septicemia septicemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2445 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 2 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 4 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 5 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 7 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 8 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 10 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 12 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 13 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 14 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 17 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 18 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 19 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 20 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 22 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 23 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2446 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 2 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 3 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 5 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 7 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 10 pestivirus pestivirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2447 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 1 Cattle Cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 4 natural natural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 5 host host NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 7 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 8 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 9 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 10 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 11 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 12 alpacas alpaca NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 14 deer deer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 16 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 19 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 22 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2448 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 1 BVDV BVDV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 2 preferentially preferentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 3 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 7 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 8 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 10 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 11 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 13 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2449 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 2 associated associated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 6 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 8 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 9 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 10 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 12 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 14 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 16 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 17 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 18 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 20 whose whose WP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 21 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 22 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 23 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 24 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 25 covered cover VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 26 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 28 fibrinonecrotic fibrinonecrotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 29 membrane membrane NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2450 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 5 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 6 lymphocytolysis lymphocytolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 8 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 10 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 11 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 13 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 14 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 15 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 17 cortices cortex NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2451 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 3 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 4 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 5 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 9 markedly markedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 10 depleted deplete VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 12 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 15 consist consist VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 17 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 18 collapsed collapse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 19 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 21 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 22 scattered scatter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2452 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 1 BVD BVD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 3 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 5 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 7 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 8 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 10 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2453 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2454 1 apparent apparent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2454 2 breed breed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2454 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2454 4 sex sex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2454 5 predisposition predisposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2454 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 3 frequent frequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 4 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 5 locations location NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 7 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 10 multicentric multicentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 12 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 15 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 16 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2455 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 1 Multicentric Multicentric NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 2 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 4 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 6 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 7 at at RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 8 least least RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 9 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 10 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 12 excluding exclude VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 14 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 16 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 21 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 22 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 23 manifestation manifestation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 25 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 26 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 27 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 29 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 30 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 31 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2456 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 1 Solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 2 locations location NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 4 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 5 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 8 mediastinum mediastinum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 10 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 11 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 13 ocular ocular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 14 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 15 orbital orbital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 16 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 18 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 20 spinal spinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 21 cord cord NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 23 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 24 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 27 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2457 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 3 multicentric multicentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 8 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 9 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 10 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 12 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 15 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 16 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 17 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 19 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 21 TCRLBCL TCRLBCL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 24 reportedly reportedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 26 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 27 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 28 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 29 34 34 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 30 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 31 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 33 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2458 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 1 Peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 6 PTCL PTCL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 8 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 10 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 11 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 12 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 14 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 16 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 18 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 19 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 20 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 22 DLBCL DLBCL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2459 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 5 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 8 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 9 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 11 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 12 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 14 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 15 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 16 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 17 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 18 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 19 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 21 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 22 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 23 enteropathyassociated enteropathyassociate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 24 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 25 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 26 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2460 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 1 Cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 2 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 4 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 5 account account VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 7 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 9 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 10 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 12 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 13 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 14 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 15 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2461 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 4 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 6 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 10 again again RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 13 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 15 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 18 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 20 representing represent VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 21 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 22 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 23 84 84 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 24 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 26 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 27 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 28 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 31 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 32 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 33 presents present VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 34 clinically clinically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 35 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 36 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 37 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 38 masses masse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2462 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 1 Cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 2 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 6 CTCL CTCL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 10 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 11 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 12 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 13 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 15 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 16 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 17 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 18 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 19 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2463 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 1 Thoroughbreds thoroughbred NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 3 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 5 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 6 incidence incidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 8 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 9 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 11 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 12 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 15 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2464 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 1 Overall overall RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 3 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 5 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 6 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 9 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 10 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 11 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 12 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 13 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 14 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 15 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 16 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 18 longer long JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 19 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 20 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 21 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 22 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 24 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 25 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 27 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 30 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2465 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 1 Progesterone progesterone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 2 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 4 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 5 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 7 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 8 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 9 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 11 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 14 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 16 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 17 report report NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 19 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 20 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 21 regression regression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 22 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 23 removal removal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 25 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 26 ovarian ovarian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 27 granulosa granulosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 28 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 29 theca theca NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 31 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2466 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 5 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 6 frequency frequency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 10 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 11 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 13 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 14 herpesvirus herpesvirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 15 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 17 EHV-5 EHV-5 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 19 gammaherpesvirus gammaherpesvirus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 22 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 23 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 25 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 26 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 28 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 30 exact exact JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 31 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 32 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 33 effect effect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 34 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 36 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 37 observation observation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 38 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 39 lymphomagenesis lymphomagenesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 40 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 41 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 42 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 43 yet yet RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 44 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2467 45 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 4 hallmark hallmark NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 5 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 7 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 9 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 10 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 11 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 12 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 15 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 17 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 19 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 21 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 22 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 24 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 26 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 27 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 30 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 32 mature mature JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 33 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 34 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 35 admixed admix VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 36 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 37 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 38 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 39 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 41 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 42 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 43 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 44 whose whose WP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 45 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 46 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 47 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 48 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 49 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 50 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 51 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 52 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 53 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 54 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 55 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 56 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2468 57 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 2 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 3 atypical atypical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 4 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 7 binucleated binucleate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 9 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 10 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 11 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2469 12 nucleoli nucleolus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 6 86 86 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2470 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 2 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 6 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 8 mitosis mitosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 11 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 12 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 13 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 16 retracted retract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 17 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 19 pyknotic pyknotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 20 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2471 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 4 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 6 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 10 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 11 accompanied accompany VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 14 presence presence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 17 dense dense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 18 fibrovascular fibrovascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 19 network network NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2472 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 1 Johne Johne NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 2 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 4 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 5 affects affect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 6 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 8 wild wild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 9 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 12 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 13 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 15 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 19 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 20 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 21 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 22 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 23 MAP MAP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2473 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 2 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 4 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 5 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 6 enteritis enteritis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 7 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 8 confined confine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 11 ileum ileum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 13 cecum cecum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 16 proximal proximal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 17 colon colon NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 18 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 19 lymphangitis lymphangitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 20 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 22 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 24 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 25 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 26 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 28 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2474 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2475 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2475 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2475 3 82 82 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2475 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2475 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 2 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 4 ingested ingest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 6 engulfed engulf VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 7 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 9 M M NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 10 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 11 overlying overlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 12 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 13 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 14 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 17 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 18 transported transport VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 20 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 23 lamina lamina JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 24 propria propria NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 26 submucosa submucosa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2476 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 1 Among among IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 2 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 4 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 6 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 9 wild wild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 10 ruminants ruminant NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 12 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 14 wide wide JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 15 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 18 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 20 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 22 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 24 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 25 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 26 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 27 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 29 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 31 epithelioid epithelioid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 32 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 34 multinucleated multinucleate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 35 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 36 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 40 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 41 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 42 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 43 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 44 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 46 multibacillary multibacillary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 47 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 48 paucibacillary paucibacillary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2477 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 4 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 7 ileocecal ileocecal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 8 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 9 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 10 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 11 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 12 partially partially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 13 replaced replace VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 14 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 15 aggregates aggregate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 17 epithelioid epithelioid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 18 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 19 Postweaning Postweaning NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 20 Multisystem Multisystem NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 21 Wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 22 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 23 PCV2 PCV2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 26 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 27 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 28 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 29 stranded strand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 30 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 31 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 33 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 34 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 35 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 36 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 37 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 38 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 39 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 40 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2478 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 1 Several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 3 syndromes syndrome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 5 attributed attribute VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 7 PCV2 pcv2 JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 8 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 10 collectively collectively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 11 termed term VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 12 PCV pcv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 14 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 15 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 17 PCVADs pcvad NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2479 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 2 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 3 postweaning postweane VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 4 multisystemic multisystemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 5 wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 8 PMWS PMWS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 11 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 13 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 14 complex complex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 16 PRDC PRDC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 19 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 20 dermatitis dermatitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 22 nephropathy nephropathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 23 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 26 enteric enteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 27 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 29 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 30 Chapters chapter NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 31 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 33 9 9 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2480 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 2 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 3 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 4 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 6 postweaning postweane VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 7 multisystemic multisystemic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 8 wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 9 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 11 poor poor JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 12 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 13 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 15 enlarged enlarged JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 20 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 21 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2481 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 2 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 6 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 8 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 9 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 12 tonsil tonsil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 14 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 16 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 17 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 18 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 21 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 22 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2482 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 2 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 4 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 6 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 7 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 9 whereas whereas IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 10 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 11 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 12 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 13 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 14 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 15 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 16 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 17 affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 18 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 19 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2483 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 2 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 3 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 7 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 9 both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 10 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 12 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 14 replacement replacement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 16 histiocytes histiocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 18 mild mild JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 20 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 21 granulomatous granulomatous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 22 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 23 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 24 multinucleated multinucleated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 25 giant giant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 26 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 29 intrahistiocytic intrahistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 30 sharply sharply RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 31 demarcated demarcate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 33 spherical spherical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 34 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 35 basophilic basophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 36 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 37 inclusion inclusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 38 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2484 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 1 Necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 3 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 5 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 7 necrotizing necrotize VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 8 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 11 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 12 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 15 PCV2 PCV2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 16 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 17 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 18 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 19 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 21 necrotic necrotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 22 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2485 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 2 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 7 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 10 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 13 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 14 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 16 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 17 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 20 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 21 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 22 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 24 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 25 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 27 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2486 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 2 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 6 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 8 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 10 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 11 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 13 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 14 -69 -69 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 17 direct direct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 18 penetration penetration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 20 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 21 foreign foreign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 22 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 23 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 25 reticulum reticulum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 27 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 28 Spleen Spleen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 30 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 31 Portals Portals NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 33 Entry Entry NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 34 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 35 Pathways Pathways NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 37 Spread Spread NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2487 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 1 C. C. NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 2 pseudotuberculosis pseudotuberculosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 5 Gram Gram NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 7 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 8 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 9 bacterium bacterium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 11 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 12 caseous caseous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 13 lymphadenitis lymphadenitis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 17 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 18 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 20 sheep sheep NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 22 goats goat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2488 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 2 bacterium bacterium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 4 enter enter VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 5 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 6 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 7 wounds wound NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 9 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 11 shearing shearing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 12 cuts cut NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 14 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 16 tagging tagging NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 18 tail tail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 19 docking docking NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 21 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 22 castration castration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 25 drain drain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 26 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 27 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 28 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 29 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 30 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 33 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 34 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 35 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 36 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 37 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 39 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 40 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 41 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 42 external external JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 44 internal internal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 45 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 46 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 48 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 49 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 50 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 51 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 52 internal internal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 53 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 54 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 55 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 56 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2489 57 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 1 External external JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 2 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 6 detected detect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 9 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 10 jaw jaw NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 12 neck neck NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 13 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 14 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 16 specifically specifically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 19 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 21 parotid parotid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 22 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 23 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2490 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 2 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 3 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 5 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 7 encapsulated encapsulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 9 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 11 greenish greenish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 12 semifluid semifluid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 13 pus pus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 14 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 16 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 17 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 19 eosinophils eosinophil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 23 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 26 79 79 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2491 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 1 Over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 4 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 5 lose lose VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 7 greenish greenish JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 8 hue hue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 11 contents content NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 12 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 13 inspissated inspissated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 14 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 15 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 17 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 18 concentric concentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 19 laminations lamination NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 21 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2492 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 2 -80 -80 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 4 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 5 old old JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 6 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 8 reach reach VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 10 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 12 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 14 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 15 cm cm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2493 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 1 Bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 2 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 4 broadly broadly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 5 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 6 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 7 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 9 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 10 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2494 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 2 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 5 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 6 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 7 bovine bovine NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 8 leukosis leukosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 10 EBL EBL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 14 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 15 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 16 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 19 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 20 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 22 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2495 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 4 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 5 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 7 dairy dairy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 8 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 9 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 11 beef beef NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 12 breeds breed NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2496 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 1 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 3 transmitted transmit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 4 horizontally horizontally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 6 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 10 milk milk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 11 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 12 colostrum colostrum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 14 saliva saliva NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 17 iatrogenically iatrogenically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 19 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 21 rectal rectal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 22 sleeves sleeve NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 24 instruments instrument NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 25 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 26 equipment equipment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2497 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 1 Following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 2 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 4 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 5 invades invade VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 7 integrates integrate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 8 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 10 genome genome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 12 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 13 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 16 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 18 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 19 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 20 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 21 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 22 lymphocytosis lymphocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 24 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 25 30 30 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 26 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 28 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2498 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 2 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 3 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 4 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 6 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 7 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 9 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 11 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 12 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 15 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 16 clone clone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 17 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 18 emerge emerge VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 20 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 23 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 25 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 26 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 27 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 28 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 29 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2499 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 2 average average JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 3 incubation incubation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 4 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 5 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 6 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 8 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 10 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 12 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 14 8 8 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 15 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 18 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 19 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 20 conversion conversion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 21 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 22 suggests suggest VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 23 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 25 latency latency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 26 period period NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 27 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 28 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 29 longer long JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 30 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 32 life life NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 33 span span NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 35 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 36 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 38 dairy dairy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 39 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 40 seldom seldom RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 41 live live VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 42 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 44 7-to 7-to CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 45 8-year 8-year JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 46 peak peak NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 47 incidence incidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 48 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 49 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 50 occurrence occurrence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2500 52 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 2 contributing contribute VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 3 variables variable NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 5 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 6 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 8 background background NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 10 coinfections coinfection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 13 environmental environmental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 14 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 16 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 17 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 18 play play VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 20 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 22 lymphomagenesis lymphomagenesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2501 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 2 exact exact JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 5 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 7 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 8 tumorigenesis tumorigenesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 10 poorly poorly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 11 understood understand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2502 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 1 Recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 2 BLV BLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 3 microRNAs microRNAs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 5 miRNAs miRNAs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 7 were be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 8 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 10 preleukemic preleukemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 12 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 13 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 17 showed show VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 18 repression repression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 20 structural structural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 22 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 23 gene gene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 24 expression expression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2503 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 2 findings finding NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 3 suggested suggest VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 5 miRNAs miRNAs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 6 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 7 play play VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 9 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 10 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 12 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 13 onset onset NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 15 progression progression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2504 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 4 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 5 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 6 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 7 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 9 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 11 develop develop VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 12 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 14 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 15 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 19 cephalic cephalic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 21 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 23 sublumbar sublumbar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 26 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 28 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 29 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 30 87 87 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 33 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 34 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 35 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 37 retrobulbar retrobulbar NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 38 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 40 abomasum abomasum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 42 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 44 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 46 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 48 urogenital urogenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 49 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 50 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 51 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 52 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 53 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 54 vertebral vertebral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 55 canal canal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 57 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 58 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 59 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 60 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 61 88 88 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 63 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 64 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 65 spinal spinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 66 cord cord NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2505 67 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 1 One one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 2 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 4 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 6 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 7 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 9 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 10 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 12 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 13 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 15 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 17 66 66 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 18 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 22 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 23 20 20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 24 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 26 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 27 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 28 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 30 Burkitt Burkitt NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 31 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 32 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 34 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 35 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2506 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 2 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 5 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 6 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 8 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 9 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 11 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 12 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 13 immunophenotype immunophenotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 15 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 16 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 17 subcategories subcategorie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 18 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 19 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 21 calf calf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 24 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2507 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 3 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 4 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 5 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 6 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 7 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 9 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 10 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 13 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 14 subcategory subcategory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 15 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 17 much much RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 18 smaller small JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 19 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 20 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 23 enzootic enzootic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 24 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2508 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 3 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 4 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 5 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 8 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 9 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 10 seems seem VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 14 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 15 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 17 manifests manifest VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 18 itself -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 20 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 21 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 22 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 24 1-to 1-to CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 25 3-year 3-year JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 27 old old JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 28 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2509 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 2 calf calf NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 4 presents present VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 6 generalized generalize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 7 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 9 weight weight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 10 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 12 lethargy lethargy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 15 weakness weakness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 17 calves calf NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 18 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 19 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 20 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 21 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 22 old old JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2510 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 2 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 3 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 5 reportedly reportedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 6 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 9 beef beef NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 10 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 12 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 14 24 24 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 15 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 17 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2511 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 1 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 5 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 6 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 7 cancer cancer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 9 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 10 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 12 abattoir abattoir NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 13 surveys survey NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2512 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 2 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 4 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 5 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 6 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 7 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 8 year year NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 10 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 13 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 15 no no DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 16 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 17 breed breed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 18 predisposition predisposition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 20 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 22 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 23 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 25 suspected suspect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 27 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 28 arising arise VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 30 inbred inbred JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 31 herds herd NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2513 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 2 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 3 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 4 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 6 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 7 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 9 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 10 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 11 mediastinal mediastinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 13 multicentric multicentric NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 16 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 18 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 19 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2514 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 1 Spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 3 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 5 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 7 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 8 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 11 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 12 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 14 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 17 multicentric multicentric NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 18 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 21 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 22 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 23 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 24 reportedly reportedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 25 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 26 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 27 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 28 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 29 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 30 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2515 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 2 recent recent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 3 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 5 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 7 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 8 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 9 found find VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 11 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 12 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 13 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 14 multicentric multicentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 17 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 18 included include VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 20 following following NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 21 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 22 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 23 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 24 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 25 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 26 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 28 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 29 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 31 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 33 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 34 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 35 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 36 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 37 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 39 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 40 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 41 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 42 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 43 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2516 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 1 One one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 2 case case NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 3 each each DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 5 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 6 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 9 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 10 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 11 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 12 were be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 13 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 14 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2517 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 1 Several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 2 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 4 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 5 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 6 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 7 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 8 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 9 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 10 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2518 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 2 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 4 DNA DNA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 6 PKcs PKcs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 8 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 10 Arabian arabian JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 11 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 15 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 16 recessive recessive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 17 mode mode NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 19 inheritance inheritance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 21 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 23 Jack Jack NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 24 Russell Russell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 25 terriers terrier NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2519 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 1 An an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 2 X x NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 4 linked link VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 5 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 7 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 8 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 9 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 10 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 12 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 13 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 15 basset basset NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 16 hounds hound NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 19 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 21 mutations mutation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 24 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 25 γ γ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 27 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 29 γc γc NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 31 subunit subunit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 34 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 35 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 36 IL-2 IL-2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 38 IL-4 IL-4 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 40 IL-7 IL-7 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 41 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 42 IL-9 IL-9 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 44 IL-15 IL-15 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 47 IL-21 IL-21 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2520 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 2 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 3 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 5 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 7 Cardigan Cardigan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 8 Welsh welsh JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 9 corgi corgi NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 10 puppies puppy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 12 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 15 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 16 autosomal autosomal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 17 mode mode NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 19 inheritance inheritance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 21 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 22 breed breed NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2521 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 2 mutation mutation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 3 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 5 signal signal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 6 transduction transduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 7 pathways pathway NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 8 initiated initiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 10 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 12 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 13 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 15 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 17 critical critical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 20 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 22 differentiation differentiation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 24 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 27 function function NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 29 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 31 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 32 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2522 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 4 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 5 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 7 circulating circulate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 8 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 9 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 10 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 12 unable unable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 14 class class NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 15 switch switch NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 17 IgG IgG NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 19 IgA IgA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 21 reduced reduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 22 numbers number NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 23 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 24 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 25 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 27 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 28 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 29 nonfunctional nonfunctional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 30 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 33 inability inability NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 34 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 35 express express VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 36 IL IL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 37 receptors receptor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2523 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 1 Affected affected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 2 puppies puppy NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 4 remarkably remarkably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 5 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 7 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 9 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 10 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 12 rarely rarely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 13 survive survive VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 14 past past IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 15 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 17 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 18 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 20 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2524 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 2 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 4 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 5 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 7 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 9 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 11 only only JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 12 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 13 dysplastic dysplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 14 lobules lobule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 15 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 17 few few JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 19 Hassall Hassall NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 20 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 21 corpuscles corpuscle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2525 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 1 Tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 3 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 7 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 8 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 9 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 11 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 12 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 13 unidentifiable unidentifiable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 14 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 15 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 17 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 18 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 19 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2526 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 1 Congenital congenital JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 3 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 6 discussed discuss VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 8 detail detail NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 10 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 11 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2527 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 1 Thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 2 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 4 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 7 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 9 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 13 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 14 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 16 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 17 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2528 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 2 variety variety NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 4 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 6 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 8 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 9 ingestion ingestion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 11 anticoagulant anticoagulant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 12 rodenticides rodenticide NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 14 warfarin warfarin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 16 dicumarol dicumarol NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 18 diphacinone diphacinone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 21 brodifacoum brodifacoum NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 24 dissecting dissect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 25 aortic aortic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 26 aneurysms aneurysm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 28 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 30 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 32 automobile automobile NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 33 accident accident NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 37 idiopathic/ idiopathic/ CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 38 spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2529 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 3 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 4 variably variably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 5 expands expand VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 7 thymic thymic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 8 lobules lobule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 10 septa septa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 14 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 15 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 17 lobular lobular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 18 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 20 obscured obscure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 21 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 22 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2530 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 2 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 4 anticoagulant anticoagulant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 5 rodenticide rodenticide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 6 toxicosis toxicosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 9 medulla medulla NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 10 appears appear VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 11 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 12 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 14 main main JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 15 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 17 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2531 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 2 Uniform Uniform NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 3 Splenomegaly Splenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 6 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 7 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 9 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 10 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 11 Figs fig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2532 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 1 7 7 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 3 72 72 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 5 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 6 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 7 73 73 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2533 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 3 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 5 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 6 Nodules Nodules NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 9 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 10 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 11 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 12 discussion discussion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 15 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 18 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 19 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 21 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 24 occurring occur VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 26 hemangiosarcoma hemangiosarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 29 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 30 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 31 contraction contraction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 33 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 34 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 35 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 38 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2534 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 1 Porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 2 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 7 PRRS PRRS NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 10 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 12 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 13 arterivirus arterivirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 15 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 16 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 17 overlapping overlap VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 19 syndromes syndrome NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 20 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 21 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 22 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 24 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 25 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2535 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 2 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 4 transmitted transmit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 6 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 8 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 9 fluids fluid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 11 saliva saliva NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 13 mucus mucus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 15 serum serum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 17 urine urine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 20 mammary mammary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 21 secretions secretion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 23 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 24 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 26 semen semen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 27 during during IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 28 coitus coitus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 31 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 32 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 33 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 34 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 35 colonizes colonize VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 36 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 37 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 38 upper upper JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 39 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 40 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2536 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 2 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 5 predilection predilection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 7 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 8 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 12 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 14 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 19 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 20 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 21 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2537 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 1 Viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 2 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 3 takes take VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 4 place place NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 6 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 9 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 10 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 12 lungs lung NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 14 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 15 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 16 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 19 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 20 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 21 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 23 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 25 resident resident JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 26 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 27 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 28 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 29 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 31 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 32 persist persist VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 34 tonsil tonsil NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 35 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 36 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 37 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2538 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 2 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 5 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 8 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 11 phagocytic phagocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 13 functional functional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 14 capacity capacity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 16 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 19 monocytemacrophage monocytemacrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 20 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2539 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 1 As as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 3 consequence consequence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 5 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 7 reduction reduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 9 resistance resistance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 11 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 12 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 14 viral viral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 15 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2540 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 2 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 3 reproductive reproductive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 8 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 9 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 11 coinfected coinfecte VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 13 one one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 15 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 16 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 18 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 19 Streptococcus streptococcus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 20 suis suis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 22 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 23 choleraesuis choleraesuis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2541 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 1 Infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 3 Bordetella Bordetella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 4 bronchiseptica bronchiseptica NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 6 Mycoplasma Mycoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 7 hyopneumoniae hyopneumoniae NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 8 appear appear VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 10 increase increase VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 12 duration duration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 14 severity severity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 17 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 18 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2542 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 2 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 3 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 5 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 6 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 8 generalized generalize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 9 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 12 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 14 mediastinal mediastinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 16 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 18 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 19 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 20 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2543 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 1 Coinfections coinfection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 2 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 3 complicate complicate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 5 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 7 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 8 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2544 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 4 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 6 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 7 tan tan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 9 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 10 cystic cystic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 13 firm firm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 15 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 16 strains strain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 18 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 19 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 20 cause cause VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 21 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 22 hemorrhage hemorrhage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2545 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 1 Microscopically microscopically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 7 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 8 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 10 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 13 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 14 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 16 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 17 degrees degree NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 19 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 21 paracortical paracortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 24 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 25 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 26 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 27 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 28 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 29 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2546 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 1 Streptococcus Streptococcus NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 2 porcinus porcinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 4 jowl jowl NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 5 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 7 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2547 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 2 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 3 colonize colonize VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 5 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 6 cavity cavity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 8 spread spread VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 9 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 10 infect infect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 11 tonsils tonsil NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 13 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 15 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2548 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 2 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 3 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 4 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 9 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 11 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 12 multiple multiple NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 14 1-to 1-to JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 15 10-cm 10-cm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 16 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 17 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 19 retropharyngeal retropharyngeal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 21 parotid parotid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 22 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 23 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 24 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 25 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 26 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 27 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 29 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 31 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 32 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 33 89 89 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2549 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 2 once once RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 4 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 7 now now RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 8 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 10 presumably presumably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 11 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 13 improvements improvement NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 15 husbandry husbandry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 17 feeder feeder NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 18 design design NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 21 hygiene hygiene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2550 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 3 occasionally occasionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 4 isolated isolate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 6 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 8 bacteremia bacteremia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2551 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 1 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 2 histoplasmosis histoplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 3 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 4 wasting waste VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 6 emaciation emaciation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 8 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 11 distress distress NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 13 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 14 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 15 hematochezia hematochezia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 16 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 17 melena melena NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 20 lameness lameness NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2552 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 2 clinicopathologic clinicopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 3 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 5 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 6 histoplasmosis histoplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 8 include include VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 9 neutrophilia neutrophilia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 11 monocytosis monocytosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 13 nonregenerative nonregenerative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 14 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 17 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 19 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 21 total total JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 22 serum serum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 23 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 24 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 27 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 28 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 29 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 30 elevations elevation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 31 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 32 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 33 involvement involvement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2553 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 2 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 4 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 6 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 8 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 9 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 11 Histoplasma Histoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 12 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 15 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 16 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 18 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 19 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 20 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 21 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 23 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 24 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 25 GI GI NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 26 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2554 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 1 Cytologic cytologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 2 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 4 useful useful JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 7 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2555 9 histoplasmosis histoplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 2 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 3 wash wash NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 4 preparations preparation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 6 aspirates aspirate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 8 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 9 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 11 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 12 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 15 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 16 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 17 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 18 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 19 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 21 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 23 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 24 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 26 _SP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 27 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 28 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 29 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2556 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 3 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 5 hepatosplenomegaly hepatosplenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 8 intestines intestine NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 10 thickened thicken VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 12 corrugated corrugated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 19 uniformly uniformly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 20 enlarged enlarge VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 24 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 25 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 26 91 91 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 28 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 29 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 31 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 32 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 34 somewhat somewhat RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 35 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 36 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 37 Siderofibrotic Siderofibrotic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 38 Plaques Plaques NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 40 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 41 Rupture Rupture NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 44 Accessory accessory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2557 45 Spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 3 section section NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 5 Miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 6 Disorders Disorders NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 9 Spleen Spleen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 10 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 11 discussions discussion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 12 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 13 siderofibrotic siderofibrotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 14 plaques plaque NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 16 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 17 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 20 accessory accessory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 21 spleens spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2558 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 2 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 5 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 9 categorized categorize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 10 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 11 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 13 cellular cellular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 14 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 15 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 16 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 17 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 18 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 20 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 21 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2559 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 1 Hematomas Hematomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 3 arise arise VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 4 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 5 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 7 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 9 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 10 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 11 Nodules Nodules NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 14 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 15 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2560 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 4 simple simple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 6 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 7 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 8 consists consist VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 11 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 12 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 13 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 14 demarcated demarcate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 15 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 16 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 18 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 20 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 21 aggregates aggregate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2561 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 2 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 4 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 5 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 6 structures structure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 8 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 9 centers center NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 10 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 11 consist consist VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 14 mixture mixture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 18 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 20 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 21 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 22 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 23 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 24 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2562 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 2 intervening intervene VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 3 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 5 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 6 congested congested JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 9 contain contain VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 10 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 11 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 13 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 14 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 16 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 17 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 20 . . NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 22 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 23 90 90 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 24 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 25 E E NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 27 Fig fig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2563 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2564 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2564 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2564 3 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2564 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2564 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 1 Complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 2 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 3 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 6 focal focal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 7 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 9 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 10 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 11 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 12 components component NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 13 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 14 lymphoid lymphoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 16 stroma stroma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 18 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 22 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 23 14 14 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2565 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 2 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 3 component component NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 4 resembles resemble VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 6 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 7 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 8 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 9 above above RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2566 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 3 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 6 intervening intervene VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 7 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 8 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 10 fibroplasia fibroplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 12 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 13 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 14 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 17 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 18 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 19 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 20 EMH EMH NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 22 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 24 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 25 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 26 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 27 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2567 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 2 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 3 recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 4 come come VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 6 light light VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 7 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 9 entity entity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 10 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 11 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 12 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 14 SFHN SFHN NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 17 first first RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 18 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 20 1998 1998 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 22 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 23 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 25 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 26 condition condition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 28 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 30 fact fact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 31 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 32 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 33 group group NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 35 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2568 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 2 better well JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 3 understanding understanding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 6 spectrum spectrum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 8 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 9 once once RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 10 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 11 under under IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 13 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 15 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 16 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 18 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 19 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 20 increasing increase VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 21 knowledge knowledge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 23 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 24 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 26 immunochemistry immunochemistry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2569 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 2 original original JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 3 definition definition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 6 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 7 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 10 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 11 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 14 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 15 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 17 histiocytoid histiocytoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 19 spindle spindle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 20 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 21 intermixed intermix VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 22 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 23 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2570 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 1 Grading grading NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 2 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 3 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 4 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 6 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 7 percentage percentage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 10 population population NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 12 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 14 > > XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 15 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 16 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 17 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2571 18 = = NFP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 1 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 2 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 3 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 4 < < XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 5 40 40 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 6 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 7 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 8 = = SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 9 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 10 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2572 12 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 1 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 3 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 4 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 5 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 6 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 7 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 8 had have VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 10 much much RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 11 better well JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 12 1-year 1-year CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 13 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 14 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 17 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 19 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 20 3 3 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 21 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 22 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 23 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 24 sarcomas sarcoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 26 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 27 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 28 fibrous fibrous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 29 histiocytoma histiocytoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 31 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 32 now now RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 33 outdated outdated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 34 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2573 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 3 increasing increase VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 4 knowledge knowledge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 6 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 7 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 9 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 10 immunohistochemical immunohistochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 11 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 13 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 14 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 15 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 16 were be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 17 encompassed encompass VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 20 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 21 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 22 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 23 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 24 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 26 following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 27 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 28 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 30 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 31 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 32 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 34 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 35 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 38 stromal stromal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 39 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 41 histiocytic histiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 42 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 44 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 45 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 46 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 48 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 49 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 50 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 51 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 52 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 53 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 54 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 55 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 56 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 57 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 59 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 60 Lymphoid Lymphoid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 61 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 62 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 63 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 64 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 65 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 66 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 67 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 68 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 69 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 70 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 71 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 72 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 73 Neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 74 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 75 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 76 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2574 77 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 1 Histoplasma Histoplasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 2 capsulatum capsulatum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 4 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 6 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 7 fungal fungal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 9 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 11 widely widely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 12 endemic endemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 14 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 16 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 18 major major JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 19 river river NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 20 valleys valley NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 22 temperate temperate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 24 tropical tropical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 25 climates climate NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 27 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 29 midwestern midwestern JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 31 southern southern JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 32 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 33 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2575 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 1 Free free JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 3 living live VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 4 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 7 mycelial mycelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 8 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 9 produce produce VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 10 macroconidia macroconidia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 12 microconidia microconidia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 13 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 14 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 15 inhaled inhale VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 17 converted convert VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 20 yeast yeast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 21 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 23 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 24 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2576 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 1 Yeasts yeast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 3 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 5 harbored harbor VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 7 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 10 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 12 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 13 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2577 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 3 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 5 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 7 limited limit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 8 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 11 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 13 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 14 dyspnea dyspnea NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 16 coughing coughing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2578 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 4 most most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 5 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 10 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 11 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 13 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 15 predominantly predominantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 16 affecting affect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 18 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 20 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 22 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 23 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 25 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 26 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 28 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 31 eyes eye NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 32 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 33 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 34 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 35 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 36 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 37 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 38 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2579 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 3 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 5 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 8 hepatosplenomegaly hepatosplenomegaly NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 10 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 11 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2580 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2581 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2581 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2581 3 16 16 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2581 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2581 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 4 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 5 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 6 sinuses sinus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 8 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 10 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 12 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 13 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 14 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 15 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 16 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 17 intracytoplasmic intracytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 19 round round JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 21 2-µm 2-µm CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 23 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 24 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 26 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 27 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 28 kinetoplast kinetoplast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2582 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 1 Though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 2 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 5 initial initial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 6 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 8 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 9 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 12 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 15 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 17 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 18 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 19 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 20 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 21 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 22 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2583 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 2 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 4 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 6 impairment impairment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 8 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 9 DCs dc NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 11 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 12 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 13 migration migration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 16 germinal germinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 17 center center NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 18 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2584 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 2 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 3 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 5 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 8 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 10 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 11 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 13 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 14 chronic chronic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 15 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2585 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 2 distemper distemper NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 3 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 4 preferentially preferentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 5 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 6 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 8 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 11 nervous nervous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 14 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 15 Chapter chapter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 16 14 14 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2586 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 3 exposed expose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 4 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 5 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 7 oronasal oronasal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 8 secretions secretion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 13 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 14 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 15 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 17 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 18 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 21 tonsil tonsil JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 24 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 26 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 27 tracheobronchial tracheobronchial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 28 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 29 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 32 later later RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 33 disseminates disseminate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 34 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 36 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 38 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 39 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 41 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 42 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 43 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 44 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 47 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 48 Kupffer Kupffer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 49 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2587 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 2 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 3 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 4 necrosis necrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 6 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 8 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 9 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 10 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 11 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 14 depression depression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 16 lymphopoiesis lymphopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 19 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 20 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 22 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 24 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 25 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2588 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 3 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 4 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 6 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 7 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 9 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 10 Bordetella Bordetella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 11 bronchiseptica bronchiseptica NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 13 Toxoplasma toxoplasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 14 gondii gondii NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 16 Nocardia Nocardia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 18 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 19 spp spp NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2589 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2590 1 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2590 2 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2590 3 generalized generalize VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2590 4 demodicosis demodicosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2590 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2591 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2591 2 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2591 3 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2591 4 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 2 CPV-2 CPV-2 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 6 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 7 contagious contagious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 11 spread spread VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 12 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 14 fecal fecal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 16 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 17 route route NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 19 oronasal oronasal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 20 exposure exposure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 22 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 23 fomites fomite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2592 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 2 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 3 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 4 tropism tropism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 5 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 6 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 7 dividing divide VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 11 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 12 begins begin VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 15 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 16 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 19 oropharynx oropharynx NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 21 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 24 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 25 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 26 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 28 then then RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 29 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 30 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 31 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 33 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 34 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 35 crypt crypt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 36 epithelium epithelium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2593 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 1 By by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 2 infecting infect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 4 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 6 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 7 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 8 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 9 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 10 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 11 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 12 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 13 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 14 lymphocytolysis lymphocytolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 16 indirectly indirectly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 17 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 18 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 19 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 20 depletion depletion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 22 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 23 precursors precursor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2594 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 1 There there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 3 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 4 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 5 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 9 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 12 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 14 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 15 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 18 MALTparticularly maltparticularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 20 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 21 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 22 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 23 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 24 produce produce VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 26 classic classic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 27 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 28 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 29 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 30 depressed depressed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 31 oval oval JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 32 regions region NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 34 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 35 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 37 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 38 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 39 called call VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 40 punched punch VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 41 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 42 out out RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 43 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 44 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 45 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2595 47 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2596 1 Thymomas Thymomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2596 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2597 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 1 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 3 Lymphatic Lymphatic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 4 System System NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 6 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 8 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 9 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 10 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 11 Thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 13 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2598 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2599 1 Lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2599 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 1 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 5 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 6 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 7 malignancy malignancy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 10 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2600 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 1 Using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 3 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 4 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 5 scheme scheme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 7 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 9 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 10 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 11 identified identify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 13 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 15 clinically clinically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 16 range range VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 17 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 18 slow slow RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 19 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 20 growing grow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 21 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 22 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 23 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 24 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 25 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 26 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2601 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 1 Of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 2 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 3 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 4 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 5 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 7 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 10 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 11 extensively extensively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 12 studied study VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 14 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2602 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 5 presentation presentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 9 generalized generalize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 10 lymphadenopathy lymphadenopathy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 13 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 14 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 16 signs sign NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 17 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 18 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 19 lethargy lethargy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 21 inappetence inappetence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2603 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 2 majority majority NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 8 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 9 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 10 mid mid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 11 - - JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 13 highgrade highgrade JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 14 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 17 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 18 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 19 half half NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 21 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 22 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 23 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 24 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 25 subtyped subtyped JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 27 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 28 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 29 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 31 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2604 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 1 Diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 2 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 3 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 4 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 5 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 7 further further RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 8 subdivided subdivide VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 9 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 10 centroblastic centroblastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 12 immunoblastic immunoblastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 13 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 14 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 15 nucleolar nucleolar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 16 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 17 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 19 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 20 Table Table NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 21 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 22 -7 -7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 24 Box Box NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 25 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 26 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 27 11 11 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 30 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 31 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 32 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 33 unclear unclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 34 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 35 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 36 difference difference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 37 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 38 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 39 prognostic prognostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 40 significance significance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2605 41 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 3 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 4 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 5 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 9 completely completely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 10 effaced efface VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 12 sheets sheet NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 14 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 15 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 16 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 18 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 19 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 20 invade invade VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 21 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 23 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 25 colonize colonize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 27 perinodal perinodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 28 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2606 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 5 treated treat VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 6 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 7 chemotherapy chemotherapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 9 achieve achieve VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 10 remission remission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2607 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 2 overall overall JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 3 median median JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 4 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 5 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 6 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 9 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 10 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 11 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 12 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 13 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 15 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 16 7 7 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 17 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 19 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 21 number number NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 22 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 24 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 26 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 27 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 28 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 29 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 30 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 31 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 32 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 33 histoplasmosis histoplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2608 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 1 Histologically histologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 2 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 4 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 6 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 7 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 9 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 11 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 12 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 14 epithelioid epithelioid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 16 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 17 intracytoplasmic intracytoplasmic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 19 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 21 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 22 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 23 4 4 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 24 µm µm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 26 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2609 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 1 yeast yeast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 2 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 4 spherical spherical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 5 basophilic basophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 6 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 7 bodies body NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 8 surrounded surround VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 9 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 11 clear clear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 12 halo halo NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 14 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 16 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 17 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 18 92 92 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2610 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 1 Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 4 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 7 monocyte monocyte JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 9 macrophage macrophage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 10 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 11 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 13 protozoa protozoan NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 16 genus genus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 17 Leishmania Leishmania NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2611 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 2 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 4 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 6 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 7 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 9 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 10 endemic endemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 12 parts part NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 15 United United NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 16 States States NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 18 Europe Europe NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 20 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 22 Middle Middle NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 23 East East NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 25 Africa Africa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 28 Central Central NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 30 South South NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 31 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2612 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 2 protozoa protozoan NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 3 proliferate proliferate VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 5 binary binary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 6 fission fission NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 9 gut gut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 12 sand sand NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 13 fly fly VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 15 become become VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 16 flagellated flagellated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 17 organisms organism NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 19 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 20 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 21 introduced introduce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 22 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 23 mammals mammal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 25 insect insect NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 26 bites bite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 28 where where WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 29 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 30 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 31 phagocytized phagocytize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 32 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 33 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 35 assume assume VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 36 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 37 nonflagellated nonflagellated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 38 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2613 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 1 Cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 2 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 3 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 4 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 9 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2614 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 3 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 4 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 6 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 8 emaciated emaciated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 10 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 11 general general JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 12 enlargement enlargement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 14 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 15 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2615 16 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 1 Numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 2 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 3 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 5 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 6 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 8 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 12 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 13 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 14 forms form NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 16 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 17 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 19 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 20 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 22 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 23 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 24 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 26 epitheliotropic epitheliotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 28 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 29 Chapter Chapter NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 30 17 17 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2616 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 1 Hepatosplenic Hepatosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 6 thought think VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 10 γ γ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 11 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 12 δ δ NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 13 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 14 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 15 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 17 affects affect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 19 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 21 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 22 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 23 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 24 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 25 involvement involvement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2617 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 1 Hepatocytotropic Hepatocytotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 7 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 8 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 10 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 11 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 12 tropism tropism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 15 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 16 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 17 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 18 clusters cluster NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 20 individual individual JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 21 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 22 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 23 invade invade VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 25 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 26 cords cord NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 28 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 29 hepatocyte hepatocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 30 degeneration degeneration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2618 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 1 Intravascular Intravascular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 2 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 5 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 7 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 8 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 9 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 10 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 11 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 12 vessels vessel NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 14 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 17 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 19 progressive progressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 20 occlusion occlusion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 22 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 23 thromboses thrombose NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 25 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2619 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 2 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 3 does do VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 4 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 5 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 7 extravascular extravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 8 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 11 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 12 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 13 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 14 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 15 found find VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 17 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 18 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 19 smears smear NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 20 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 21 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 22 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2620 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 1 Indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 2 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 3 constitute constitute VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 4 up up IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 6 29 29 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 7 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 9 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 10 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 11 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2621 12 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 1 Indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 2 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 4 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 7 descending descend VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 8 order order NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 10 frequency frequency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 12 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 13 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 14 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 15 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 17 TZL TZL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 20 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 21 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 22 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 24 MZL MZL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 27 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 28 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 29 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 31 MCL MCL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 35 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 36 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 38 FL FL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2622 40 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 1 Mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 3 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 5 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 6 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 7 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 8 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 9 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 10 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 11 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 12 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 13 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 17 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 18 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 19 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 20 therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 22 reader reader NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 24 referred refer VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 26 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 27 Suggested suggest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 28 Readings Readings NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 29 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 30 learn learn VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 31 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 32 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 33 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 34 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 35 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 37 follicular follicular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 38 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2623 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2624 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2624 2 Zone Zone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2624 3 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2624 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 2 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 3 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 8 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 9 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 11 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 13 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 15 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 16 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 17 93 93 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2625 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 2 presents present VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 3 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 5 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 7 varies vary VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 8 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 9 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 11 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 14 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 17 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 20 determined determine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 21 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 22 mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 23 figures figure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2626 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 1 Peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 5 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 6 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 7 otherwise otherwise RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 8 specified specify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 11 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 12 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 13 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 14 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 16 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2627 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 2 category category NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 3 includes include VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 4 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 5 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 6 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 7 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 8 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 9 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 10 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 11 fit fit VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 14 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 15 categories category NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 19 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 20 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 21 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 23 enteropathy enteropathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 24 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 25 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 26 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 27 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 28 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 31 hepatosplenic hepatosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 32 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 33 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 34 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2628 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 1 Peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 6 effaces efface VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 7 nodal nodal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 8 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 11 when when WRB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 12 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 14 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 15 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 16 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 17 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 18 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 20 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 22 more more JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 23 variation variation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 25 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 26 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 28 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 29 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2629 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 4 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 5 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 7 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 8 shorter short JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 9 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 10 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2630 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 1 Intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 3 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 5 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 7 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 8 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 10 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 11 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 13 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 17 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 18 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 19 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 20 encountered encounter VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 21 subtypes subtype NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 22 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 23 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 24 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 26 LBL LBL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 29 Burkitt Burkitt NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 31 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 32 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 34 BLL BLL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2631 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 1 Lymphoblastic Lymphoblastic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 2 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 6 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 8 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 9 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 10 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 12 though though IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 13 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 14 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 15 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 16 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 17 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 18 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 19 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 22 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2632 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 3 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 4 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 5 recognize recognize VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 8 misuse misuse NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 11 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 12 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 13 lymphoblast lymphoblast NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 14 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 16 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 17 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 18 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 20 definition definition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 21 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 22 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 23 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 25 lymphoblasts lymphoblast NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 26 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 27 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 28 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 29 sized sized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 30 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 31 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 32 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 33 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 34 dispersed disperse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 35 chromatin chromatin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 36 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 38 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 39 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 40 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 41 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 42 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 43 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 44 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 45 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 47 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 48 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 49 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 50 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 51 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 52 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 53 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 54 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 55 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 56 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2633 57 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 2 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 3 lymphoblastic lymphoblastic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 6 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 7 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 8 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 9 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 11 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 12 resistant resistant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 14 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2634 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 1 Burkitt Burkitt NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 2 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 3 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 7 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 9 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 10 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 12 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 13 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2635 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 2 there there EX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 4 marked mark VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 5 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 6 atrophy atrophy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 7 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 8 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 10 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 12 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 13 node node NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 16 MALT malt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 18 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 19 Peyer Peyer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 20 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 21 patches patch NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2636 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 2 Bone Bone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 3 Marrow Marrow NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 5 Blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 6 Cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 8 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 10 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 11 Animals Animals NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 12 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 13 Types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 15 Hematopoietic Hematopoietic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 16 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 18 Myeloid Myeloid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 19 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 21 Mast Mast NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 22 Cell Cell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 23 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 25 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 26 E- E- NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2637 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2638 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2638 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2638 3 6 6 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2638 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 1 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 4 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 5 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 6 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 7 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 9 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 13 incidence incidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 14 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 15 reportedly reportedly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 17 highest high JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 19 any any DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 20 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2639 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 1 Mediastinal Mediastinal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 3 multicentric multicentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 6 seen see VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 8 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 10 FeLV felv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 12 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 13 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 16 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2640 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2641 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2641 2 -53 -53 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2641 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2642 1 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 3 advent advent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 5 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 8 routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 9 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 12 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 14 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 16 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 17 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 19 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2643 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 1 Currently currently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 3 alimentary alimentary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 4 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 7 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 8 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 9 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 10 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 13 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 14 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 16 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 17 greater great JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 18 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 19 10 10 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 20 years year NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 22 age age NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2644 23 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 2 miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 3 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 4 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 5 affected affect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 7 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 9 spinal spinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 10 cord cord NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 12 eye eye NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 14 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 17 nasopharynx nasopharynx NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2645 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 2 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 3 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 5 long long RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 6 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 7 recognized recognize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 10 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 12 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 15 - - : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 17 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 18 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 19 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 20 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 21 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 22 sixtyfold sixtyfold NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 24 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 25 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2646 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 1 Before before IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 3 advent advent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 5 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 8 1985 1985 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 10 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 11 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 12 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 14 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 16 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 17 young young JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 20 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 21 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 22 were be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 23 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 24 positive positive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2647 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 1 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 2 infects infect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 3 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 4 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 5 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 6 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 7 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 8 myelodysplastic myelodysplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 9 syndrome syndrome NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 11 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 12 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 13 leukemias leukemia NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 16 Myeloid Myeloid NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 17 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 21 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 22 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 23 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 24 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 25 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2648 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 2 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 3 latter latter JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 5 mediastinum mediastinum NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 7 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 9 mediastinal mediastinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 12 sternal sternal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 13 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 14 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 18 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 19 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 20 commonly commonly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 21 involved involve VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 23 although although IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 24 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 25 multicentric multicentric JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 26 distribution distribution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 27 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 28 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2649 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 1 Routine routine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 2 FeLV felv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 3 vaccination vaccination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 5 led lead VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 8 significant significant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 9 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 12 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 14 FeLV FeLV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 15 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 17 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 18 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 19 resulted result VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 22 decrease decrease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 25 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 27 mediastinal mediastinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 28 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2650 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 2 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 4 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 5 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 7 FIV fiv NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 9 infected infect VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 10 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 12 fivefold fivefold JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 14 sixfold sixfold VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 15 higher high JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 16 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 18 uninfected uninfected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 19 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2651 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 1 Cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 2 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 3 underwent undergo VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 4 kidney kidney NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 5 transplantation transplantation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 7 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 8 received receive VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 9 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 10 drug drug NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 11 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 12 had have VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 14 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 15 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 17 developing develop VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 18 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2652 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 1 Both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 2 FIVinfected FIVinfected NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 4 posttransplantation posttransplantation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 5 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 6 predominantly predominantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 7 developed develop VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 8 extranodal extranodal RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 10 high high JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 12 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 14 diffuse diffuse VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 15 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 16 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 17 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 18 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2653 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 2 form form NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 8 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 10 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 11 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 12 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 13 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 14 posttransplantation posttransplantation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 15 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 16 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 17 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 19 Epstein Epstein NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 21 Barr Barr NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 22 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 24 EBV EBV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2654 26 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 4 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 5 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 6 question question VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 7 whether whether IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 8 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 9 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 10 groups group NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 12 immunosuppressed immunosuppressed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 13 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 15 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 16 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 17 prone prone JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 19 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 22 gammaherpesvirus gammaherpesvirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 23 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 25 EBV EBV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 27 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 28 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 29 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2655 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 1 Recently recently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 3 novel novel JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 4 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 5 gammaherpesvirus gammaherpesvirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 7 FcaGHV1 FcaGHV1 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 9 was be VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 10 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 11 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 12 lymphadenomegaly lymphadenomegaly NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 14 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 15 mandibular mandibular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 16 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 17 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 20 otherwise otherwise RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 21 healthy healthy RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 23 appearing appear VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 24 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2656 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 2 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 3 histopathologic histopathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 4 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 7 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 8 expansion expansion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 11 paracortex paracortex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 13 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 14 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 16 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 17 push push VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 18 atrophied atrophied JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 19 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 20 fading fading JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 21 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 22 cortical cortical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 23 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 24 against against IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 26 thinned thin VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 27 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 29 trabeculae trabeculae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2657 30 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 2 unique unique JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 3 architectural architectural JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 4 feature feature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 6 best well RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 7 highlighted highlight VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 9 immunohistochemical immunohistochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 10 stains stain NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 12 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 13 CD3 CD3 NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 14 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 15 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 16 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 18 CD79a CD79a NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 20 pax5 pax5 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 22 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 23 CD20 cd20 NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 24 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 25 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 26 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2658 28 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 5 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 7 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 9 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 11 pale pale JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 12 eosinophilic eosinophilic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 13 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 15 oval oval JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 16 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 17 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 18 sharp sharp JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 19 shallow shallow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 20 indentations indentation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2659 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2660 1 Mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2660 2 figures figure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2660 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2660 4 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2660 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 1 Dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 2 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 3 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 5 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 6 tend tend VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 7 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 8 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 9 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 10 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 11 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 12 advanced advanced JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 13 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 18 likely likely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 19 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 21 present present VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 22 clinically clinically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 23 healthy healthy JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 25 without without IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 26 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 28 appetite appetite NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 29 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 30 activity activity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 31 level level NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2661 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 1 Even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 2 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 4 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 6 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 7 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 9 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 11 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 12 long long JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 13 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 14 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 15 compared compare VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 17 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 18 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 19 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 20 reports report NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 21 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 22 median median JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 23 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 24 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 25 range range NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 26 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 27 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 28 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 29 33 33 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 30 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 33 data datum NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 34 suggest suggest VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 35 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 36 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 37 who who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 38 do do VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 39 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 40 receive receive VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 41 chemotherapy chemotherapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 42 actually actually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 43 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 44 longer long JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 45 median median JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 46 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 47 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2662 48 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2663 1 Marginal Marginal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2663 2 Zone Zone NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2663 3 Lymphoma Lymphoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2663 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 1 Marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 2 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 3 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 5 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 6 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 7 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 8 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 9 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 10 derived derive VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 11 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 13 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 16 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 17 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 19 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 20 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2664 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 2 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 3 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 7 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 9 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 12 assumed assume VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 13 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 14 originate originate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 17 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 18 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 19 slow slow JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 20 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 22 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 23 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 25 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 26 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 27 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 28 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 29 mottled mottled JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 30 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 31 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 32 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 33 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 34 spherical spherical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 35 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 36 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2665 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 1 Histopathologic Histopathologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 2 assessment assessment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 4 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 5 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 6 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 7 needed need VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 8 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 9 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 10 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 12 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 13 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 17 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 18 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 20 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 21 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 22 pattern pattern NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 24 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 26 lighter light JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 27 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 28 staining stain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 29 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 30 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 31 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 32 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 33 form form VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 34 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 35 dense dense JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 36 cuff cuff NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 37 around around IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 38 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 39 foci focus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 41 darkly darkly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 42 stained stain VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 43 mantle mantle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 44 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 46 fading fade VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 47 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2666 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 3 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 4 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 5 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 7 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 9 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 11 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 13 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 14 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 15 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 16 nucleolus nucleolus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2667 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 1 Mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 2 figures figure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 5 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 6 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 7 absent absent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 8 early early RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 9 on on RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 11 increase increase VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 13 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 14 progression progression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2668 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 1 Differentiating differentiate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 2 between between IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 3 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 4 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 5 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 7 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 8 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 9 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 11 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 12 refers refer VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 13 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 15 proliferation proliferation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 17 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 18 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 19 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 21 contains contain VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 23 mixture mixture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 25 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 27 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 28 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 30 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 31 challenging challenging JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 32 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 33 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 34 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 35 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 36 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 37 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 38 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 39 background background NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 41 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 42 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 43 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2669 44 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 5 complex complex JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 6 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 7 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 9 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 12 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 13 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 16 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 18 Dogs Dogs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 24 possible possible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 25 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 26 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 27 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 29 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 30 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 31 contain contain VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 32 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 33 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 34 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 35 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 36 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2670 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 2 immunophenotyping immunophenotyping NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 4 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 5 clonality clonality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 6 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 7 ultimately ultimately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 8 required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 9 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 11 definitive definitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 12 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 14 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 15 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 16 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2671 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 2 overall overall JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 3 median median JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 4 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 5 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 9 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 10 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 11 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 12 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 13 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 14 splenectomy splenectomy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 15 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 16 approximately approximately RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 17 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 18 months month NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 20 even even RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 21 longer long RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 22 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 25 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 26 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 27 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 28 incidental incidental JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 29 finding finding NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2672 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2673 1 Plasmacytomas Plasmacytomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2673 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 1 See see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 2 Disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 4 Domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 5 Animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 6 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 7 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 8 Nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 10 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 12 Plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 13 Cell Cell NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 14 Neoplasia Neoplasia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 16 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 17 Plasmacytomas Plasmacytomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 19 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 20 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 22 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 23 -84 -84 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2674 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 1 Feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 2 panleukopenia panleukopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 4 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 5 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 7 single single RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 8 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 9 stranded strand VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 10 DNA dna NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 11 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 12 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 13 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 15 FPV FPV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 20 highly highly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 21 contagious contagious JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 23 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 24 lethal lethal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 25 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 26 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 27 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 29 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 30 Felidae Felidae NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 32 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 33 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 34 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 35 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 36 species specie NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 38 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 39 raccoons raccoon NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 41 ring ring NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 42 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 43 tailed tailed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 44 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 45 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 46 foxes fox NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 47 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 48 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 49 minks mink NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2675 51 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 1 FPV FPV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 3 transmitted transmit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 4 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 6 fecal fecal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 8 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 9 route route NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 10 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 11 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 12 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 13 infected infected JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 14 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 15 fluids fluid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 17 feces fece NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 19 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 20 fomites fomite NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2676 21 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 1 Following follow VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 2 intranasal intranasal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 4 oral oral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 5 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 8 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 9 initially initially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 10 replicates replicate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 14 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 16 lamina lamina JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 17 propria propria NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 19 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 20 oropharynx oropharynx NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 22 regional regional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 23 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 24 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 26 followed follow VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 27 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 28 viremia viremia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 30 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 31 distributes distribute VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 33 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 34 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 36 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2677 37 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 2 FPV FPV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 3 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 4 rapidly rapidly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 5 multiplying multiply VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 6 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 9 S S NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 10 phase phase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 12 division division NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 13 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 15 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 17 replication replication NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 18 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 20 mitotically mitotically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 21 active active JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 22 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 24 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 25 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 27 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 28 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 31 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 32 mucosa mucosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2678 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 1 By by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 2 infecting infect VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 3 lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 4 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 6 FPV FPV NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 7 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 8 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 9 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 10 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 11 lymphocytolysis lymphocytolysis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 15 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 16 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2679 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 3 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 5 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 7 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 8 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 9 equal equal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 12 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 14 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 15 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 16 RBC RBC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 19 mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 20 figures figure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 21 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 22 infrequent infrequent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 24 low low JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 25 grade grade NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 29 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 31 crypt crypt JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 32 epitheliotropism epitheliotropism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 33 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 34 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 36 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 37 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2680 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2681 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2681 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2681 3 95 95 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2681 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2681 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 4 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 5 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 7 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 8 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 9 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 10 difficult difficult JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 12 particularly particularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 13 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 14 endoscopic endoscopic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 15 biopsy biopsy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 16 samples sample NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 19 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 20 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 21 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 22 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 24 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 26 concurrent concurrent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 27 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 28 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 29 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 30 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 31 lymphoplasmacytic lymphoplasmacytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 32 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 33 bowel bowel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 34 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 36 IBD IBD NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2682 38 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 2 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 3 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 5 morphologically morphologically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 6 similar similar JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 9 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 10 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2683 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 1 Early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 2 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 4 mucosal mucosal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 5 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 6 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 7 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 8 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 9 require require VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 10 additional additional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 11 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 12 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 14 namely namely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 16 immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 18 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 19 clonality clonality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 20 testing testing NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 22 PCR PCR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 23 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 24 antigen antigen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 25 receptor receptor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 26 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 28 PARR PARR NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 31 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 32 confirm confirm VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 33 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 34 clonal clonal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 35 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2684 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 1 Transmural Transmural NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 6 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 7 focally focally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 8 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 9 multifocally multifocally RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 12 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 13 intestine intestine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 15 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 17 best best RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 18 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 19 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 20 enteropathy enteropathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 21 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 22 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 23 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 24 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 25 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 26 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 27 I I NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 29 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 30 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 31 definition definition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 32 must must MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 33 extend extend VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 34 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 36 submucosa submucosa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 37 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 38 muscularis muscularis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2685 39 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 2 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 3 invade invade VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 4 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 5 serosa serosa JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 7 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 8 mesentery mesentery NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2686 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2687 1 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2687 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2687 3 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2687 4 granular granular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2687 5 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 2 LGL LGL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 5 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 6 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 7 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 11 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 12 segments segment NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 13 orad orad RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 14 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 15 aborad aborad NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 18 transmural transmural NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 19 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 20 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 21 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 22 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 23 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 24 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2688 25 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 1 Gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 6 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 7 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 9 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 10 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 11 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 14 stomach stomach NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 16 jejunum jejunum NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 19 ileocecocolic ileocecocolic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 20 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 21 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 22 transmural transmural NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 23 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2689 24 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 1 Most Most JJS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 3 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 4 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 5 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 6 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 7 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 9 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2690 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 1 Lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 3 other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 4 sites site NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 5 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 6 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 7 less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 8 frequently frequently RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 10 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2691 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 2 upper upper JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 4 tract tract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 6 nasal nasal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 7 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 8 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 9 region region NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 11 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 13 relatively relatively RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 14 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 15 site site NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 16 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 17 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2692 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 3 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 4 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 8 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 9 nasal nasal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 10 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 13 diffuse diffuse VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 14 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 15 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 16 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 17 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 20 immunoblastic immunoblastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 21 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 23 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 24 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 25 predominant predominant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 26 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2693 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 1 Both both DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 2 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 4 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 5 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 6 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 7 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 10 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 11 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 13 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 14 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 15 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 16 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 18 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 19 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2694 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 1 Presumed presume VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 2 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 3 ocular ocular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 4 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 5 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 7 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 8 reported report VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2695 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 1 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 2 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 4 rich rich JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 5 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 6 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 7 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 8 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 11 referred refer VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 13 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 14 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 15 Hodgkin Hodgkin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 16 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 17 like like JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 18 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 20 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 21 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 23 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 24 composed compose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 26 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 27 mixture mixture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 29 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 30 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 31 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 33 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 34 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 35 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 36 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 38 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 39 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 40 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 41 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 42 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 43 binucleated binucleate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 44 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 45 have have VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 46 prominent prominent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 47 nucleoli nucleolus NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 49 thus thus RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 50 resembling resemble VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 51 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 52 Reed Reed NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 53 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 54 Sternberg Sternberg NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 55 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 56 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 57 human human JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 58 Hodgkin Hodgkin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 59 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 60 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2696 62 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 1 This this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 2 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 4 typically typically RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 5 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 6 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 7 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 8 distinctive distinctive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 9 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 10 presentation presentation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 12 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 13 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 14 unilateral unilateral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 15 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 16 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 17 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 18 cervical cervical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 19 lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 20 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 22 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 23 spreads spread VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 24 slowly slowly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 26 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 27 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 28 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 29 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 30 chain chain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2697 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 1 However however RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 4 proportion proportion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 6 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 7 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 8 go go VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 9 on on RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 10 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 11 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 12 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 14 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 15 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 16 multicentric multicentric NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 17 large large JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 18 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 19 anaplastic anaplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 20 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 21 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 22 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 23 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 24 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 25 affect affect VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 26 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 28 central central JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 29 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 31 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 32 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2698 33 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 1 Suggested suggest VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 2 Readings reading NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 4 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 5 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 6 www.expertconsult.com www.expertconsult.com ADD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2699 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 1 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 2 B b NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 3 discovered discover VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 5 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 6 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 9 16 16 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 10 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 11 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 12 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 13 North North NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 14 America America NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 17 further further JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 18 studies study NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 19 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 20 investigate investigate VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 22 role role NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 23 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 24 lymphomagenesis lymphomagenesi NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 25 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 26 needed need VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2700 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 2 overall overall JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 3 incidence incidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 5 feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 6 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 7 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 8 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 10 mainly mainly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 11 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 13 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 14 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 15 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 16 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 17 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2701 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 1 Mucosal Mucosal NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 2 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 3 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 4 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 6 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 7 known know VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 9 enteropathy enteropathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 11 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 12 T T NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 13 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 14 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 16 EATCL EATCL NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 17 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 18 II II NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 21 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 23 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 24 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 26 arises arise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 27 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 28 diffuse diffuse JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 29 MALT MALT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 30 partial partial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 31 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 32 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 34 aPTT aPTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 35 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 36 PTT PTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2702 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2703 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2704 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2704 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2704 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2705 1 citrated citrated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2705 2 plasma plasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2706 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 1 Measures measure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 4 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 5 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 6 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 7 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 8 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 10 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 11 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 12 activator activator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 14 calcium calcium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 17 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 18 substitute substitute NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 19 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 20 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 21 phospholipid phospholipid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2707 22 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 1 Deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 2 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 3 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 4 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 5 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 6 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 7 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 8 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 9 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 11 all all DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 12 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 13 except except IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 14 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 15 VII VII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 17 XIII XIII NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 19 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 20 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 22 PTT PTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2708 23 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 1 Insensitive insensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 2 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 4 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 5 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 6 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 7 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 8 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2709 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2710 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 1 Other other JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 2 causes cause NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 4 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 5 include include VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 6 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 8 less less JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 9 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 10 per per IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 11 unit unit NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 12 volume volume NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 14 so so RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 15 excess excess JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 16 amount amount NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 18 citrate citrate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 19 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 20 available available JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 22 chelate chelate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 23 calcium calcium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 26 heparin heparin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 27 therapy therapy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 28 Activated activate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 29 clotting clotting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 30 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 32 ACT act NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2711 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2712 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 4 nonanticoagulated nonanticoagulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 5 whole whole JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 6 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 8 special special JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 9 ACT act NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 10 tube tube NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 12 diatomaceous diatomaceous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 13 earth earth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 14 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 15 contact contact NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 16 activator activator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 18 Used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 20 practice practice NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 21 setting setting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 22 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 23 performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 24 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 25 warming warm VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 26 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 28 body body NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 29 temperature temperature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 30 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 31 monitoring monitor VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 32 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 33 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2713 34 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 1 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 2 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 3 clotting clotting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 4 times time NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 6 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 7 60 60 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 8 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 9 90 90 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 10 seconds second NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 11 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 12 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 14 165 165 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 15 seconds second NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 17 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2714 18 • • XX cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 1 Less less RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 2 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 3 version version NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 5 PTT ptt NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 6 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 7 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 8 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 9 95 95 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 10 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 11 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 12 Severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 13 thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 14 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 15 cause cause VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 16 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2715 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 2 One one CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 3 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 4 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 5 prothrombin prothrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 6 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 8 OSPT OSPT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 9 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 10 PT PT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2716 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2717 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2718 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2718 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2718 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2719 1 citrated citrated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2719 2 plasma plasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2720 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 1 Measures measure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 4 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 5 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 6 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 7 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 8 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 10 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 11 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 13 TF TF NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 15 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 18 calcium calcium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 21 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 22 substitute substitute NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 23 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 24 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 25 phospholipid phospholipid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 26 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 27 Deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 28 / / SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 29 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 31 extrinsic extrinsic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 33 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 34 VII vii NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2721 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2722 1 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 1 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 2 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 3 pathway pathway NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 4 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 5 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 7 PT PT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 8 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 9 Insensitive insensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 10 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 11 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 12 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 13 requires require VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 14 70 70 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 15 % % NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 16 deficiency deficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 17 Proteins protein NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 18 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 19 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 20 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 21 K K NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 22 antagonism antagonism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 24 absence absence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 26 PIVKA PIVKA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2723 28 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2724 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2725 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2725 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2725 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2725 4 citrated citrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2725 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2726 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 1 Essentially essentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 3 version version NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 6 PT PT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 7 using use VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 8 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 9 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 10 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 11 thromboplastin thromboplastin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2727 12 reagent reagent NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 2 PIVKA PIVKA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 4 inactive inactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 6 uncarboxylated uncarboxylated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 8 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 9 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 11 dependent dependent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 12 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 13 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 14 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 15 increase increase NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 17 PIVKA PIVKA NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 18 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 19 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 20 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 21 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 22 vitamin vitamin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 24 K k NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 25 antagonism antagonism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 26 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 27 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 28 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 29 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 30 earlier early JJR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 31 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 32 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 33 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 34 detector detector NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 35 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 36 PT PT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 37 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2728 38 PTT PTT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2729 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2730 1 Thrombin Thrombin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2730 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2730 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2730 4 TT TT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2730 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2731 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2732 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2732 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2732 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2733 1 citrated citrated NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2733 2 plasma plasma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2734 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 1 Measures measure NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 2 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 4 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 5 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 6 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 7 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 8 thrombin thrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 10 factor factor NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 11 IIa IIa NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 13 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 14 added add VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 15 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 16 Defects defect NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 17 directly directly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 18 involving involve VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 19 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 20 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 21 polymerization polymerization NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 23 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 24 prolong prolong VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 25 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 26 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 28 i.e. i.e. FW cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 30 if if IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 32 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 33 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 34 upstream upstream JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 37 conversion conversion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 39 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 40 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 41 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 43 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 44 TT TT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 45 will will MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 46 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 47 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2735 49 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 1 Hypofibrinogenemia Hypofibrinogenemia NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 3 dysfibrinogenemia dysfibrinogenemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 4 causes cause VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 5 prolongation prolongation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 8 TT TT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 9 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 10 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 11 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 12 citrated citrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 13 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2736 14 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2737 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 1 Fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 2 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 3 measured measure VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 4 based base VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 5 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 6 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 8 clot clot NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 9 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 10 after after IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 11 addition addition NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 13 thrombin thrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 14 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 15 this this DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 16 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 17 essentially essentially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 19 same same JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 20 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 21 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 22 TT TT NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 23 mentioned mention VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 24 earlier early RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 26 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 27 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 28 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 29 accurate accurate JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 30 method method NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 31 than than IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 32 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 33 heat heat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 34 precipitation precipitation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2738 35 method method NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2739 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 2 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 4 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 5 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 7 increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 8 consumption consumption NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 10 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 11 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 12 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 14 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 15 decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 16 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 18 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 19 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2740 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 1 Increased increase VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 2 fibrinogen fibrinogen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 4 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 5 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 6 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 8 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 12 dehydration dehydration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 13 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 14 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 15 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 16 special special JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 17 FDP FDP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 18 tube tube NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2741 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2742 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2743 1 Used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2743 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2743 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2743 4 practice practice NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2743 5 setting setting NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2743 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2744 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 1 Performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 2 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 3 adding add VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 4 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 5 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 6 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 7 special special JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 8 tube tube NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 9 containing contain VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 10 thrombin thrombin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 13 trypsin trypsin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 14 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 16 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 17 clots clot NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 18 almost almost RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 19 instantly instantly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 21 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 22 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 23 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 24 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 27 incubating incubate VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 28 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 29 dilutions dilution NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 31 serum serum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 33 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 34 : : SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 35 5 5 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 36 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 37 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 38 : : SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 39 20 20 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 41 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 42 polystyrene polystyrene NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 43 latex latex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 44 particles particle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 45 coated coat VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 46 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 47 sheep sheep NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 48 anti anti NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 49 - - NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 50 FDP FDP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 51 antibodies antibody NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 53 should should MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 54 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 55 negative negative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 56 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 57 normal normal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 58 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 59 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2745 60 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2746 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2746 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2746 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2746 4 citrated citrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2746 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2746 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2747 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2748 1 Latex latex NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2748 2 agglutination agglutination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2748 3 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2748 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2749 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 1 To to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 2 date date NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 4 only only RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 5 validated validate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 7 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 9 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 10 Assay Assay NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 11 detects detect VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 12 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 13 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 14 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 16 FDP FDP NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 17 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 18 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 19 breakdown breakdown NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 21 cross cross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 22 - - JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 23 linked link VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 24 fibrin fibrin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 25 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 26 concentration concentration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 27 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 28 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 29 D d NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 31 dimer dimer NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 32 indicates indicate VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 34 degree degree NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 35 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 36 fibrinolysis fibrinolysis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 37 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 38 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 39 used use VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 40 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 41 part part NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 42 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 43 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 44 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 45 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 46 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 47 panel panel NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 48 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 49 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 50 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 51 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 52 citrated citrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 53 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2750 54 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 2 Decreased decrease VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 3 because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 5 decreased decrease VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 6 production production NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 8 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 9 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 12 loss loss NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 14 protein protein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 16 losing lose VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 17 nephropathy nephropathy NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 18 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 19 enteropathy enteropathy NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2751 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2752 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2753 1 Specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2753 2 factor factor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2753 3 assays assays RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2754 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2755 1 Required require VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2755 2 sample sample NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2755 3 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2755 4 citrated citrate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2755 5 plasma plasma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2755 6 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 1 • • NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 2 Performed perform VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 3 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 4 specialized specialized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 5 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 6 Intermediary intermediary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 7 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 8 microvasculature microvasculature NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 10 Canis Canis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 11 familiaris familiaris NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 12 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 13 morphological morphological JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 14 evidence evidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 16 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 17 closed closed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 19 open open JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 20 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 21 Molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 22 methods method NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 23 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 24 distinguish distinguish VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 25 reactive reactive JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 27 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 28 lymphocyte lymphocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 29 expansions expansion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 30 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 32 importance importance NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 33 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 34 transitional transitional JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 35 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 36 states state NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 37 Characteristics characteristic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 38 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 39 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 40 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 41 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 42 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 43 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 44 inherited inherit VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 45 platelet platelet NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 46 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 47 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 48 mammals mammal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 49 Making make VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 50 sense sense NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 51 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 52 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 53 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 54 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 55 small small JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 56 animal animal NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2756 57 patients patient NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2757 1 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2757 2 granulocytic granulocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2757 3 anaplasmosis anaplasmosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 1 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 2 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 3 review review NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 4 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 5 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 6 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2758 7 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 1 Lymph lymph NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 2 nodes node NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 3 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 4 thymus thymus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 5 Diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 6 cytology cytology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 8 hematology hematology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 11 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2759 13 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 1 Two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 2 hundred hundred CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 3 three three CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 4 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 6 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 7 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 8 classified classify VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 9 according accord VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 10 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 12 World World NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 13 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 14 Organization Organization NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 16 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 18 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 19 criteria criteria VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 20 Hepcidin Hepcidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 21 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 22 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 23 key key JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 24 regulator regulator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 25 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 26 iron iron NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 27 metabolism metabolism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 29 mediator mediator NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 30 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 31 anemia anemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 33 inflammation inflammation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 34 Changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 35 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 36 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 37 hematology hematology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 38 reference reference NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 39 intervals interval NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 40 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 41 1957 1957 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 42 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 43 Atlas Atlas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 44 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 45 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 46 hematology hematology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 47 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 48 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 49 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 50 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 51 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 52 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 53 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 54 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 55 Pathogenesis Pathogenesis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 56 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 57 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 58 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 59 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 60 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 61 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 62 implications implication NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 63 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 64 erythrocyte erythrocyte NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 65 enzyme enzyme NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 66 deficiencies deficiency NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 67 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 68 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 69 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 70 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 71 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 72 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 73 horses horse VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 74 Feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 75 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 76 virus virus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 77 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 78 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 79 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 80 Tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 81 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 82 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 83 hemolymphatic hemolymphatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2760 84 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 1 Proposed propose VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 2 criteria criterion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 3 for for IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 4 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 6 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 7 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 8 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 10 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 12 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 13 Immunobiology Immunobiology NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 14 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 16 immune immune JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 17 system system NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 18 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 19 health health NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 20 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 21 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 22 Extramedullary Extramedullary NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 23 hematopoiesis hematopoiesis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2761 24 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 1 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 2 new new JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 3 look look NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 4 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 6 underlying underlie VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 7 stem stem NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 8 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 9 niche niche NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 11 theories theory NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 13 development development NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 16 occurrence occurrence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 17 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 18 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 19 Lineage lineage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 21 specific specific JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 22 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 23 growth growth NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 24 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 25 Hepatosplenic Hepatosplenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 26 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 27 hepatocytotropic hepatocytotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 28 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 30 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 31 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 32 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 33 two two CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 34 distinct distinct JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 35 types type NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 36 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 37 T t NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 38 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 39 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 40 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 41 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 42 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 43 Histology histology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 44 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 45 cell cell NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 46 biology biology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 47 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 48 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 49 introduction introduction NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 50 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 51 pathology pathology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 52 Lymphoid lymphoid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 53 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 54 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 55 swine swine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 56 JC JC NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 57 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 58 Robbins Robbins NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 59 & & CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 60 Cotran Cotran NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 61 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 62 basis basis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 63 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2762 64 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 2 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 3 Ehrlichiosis Ehrlichiosis NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 4 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 5 related relate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 6 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 7 Hemotropic Hemotropic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 8 mycoplasmas mycoplasmas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 10 hemoplasmas hemoplasmas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 12 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 13 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 14 review review NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 15 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 16 new new JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 17 insights insight NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 18 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 19 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 20 potential potential JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 21 Clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 23 laboratory laboratory NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 26 histopathologic histopathologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 27 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 29 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 30 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 31 Classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 32 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 33 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 34 features feature NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 35 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 36 88 88 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 37 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 39 equine equine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 40 cutaneous cutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 41 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 42 Histologic Histologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 44 immunohistochemical immunohistochemical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 45 review review NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 47 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 48 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 49 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 50 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 51 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 52 Feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 53 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 54 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 55 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 56 mucosal mucosal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 57 architecture architecture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 58 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 59 immunophenotype immunophenotype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 60 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 61 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 62 molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 63 clonality clonality NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 64 Current current JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 65 state state NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 66 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 67 knowledge knowledge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 68 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 69 porcine porcine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 70 circovirus circovirus JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 71 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 72 2-associated 2-associated CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 73 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 74 Molecular molecular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 75 pathology pathology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 76 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 77 severe severe JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 78 combined combine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 79 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 80 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 81 mice mouse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 82 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 83 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 84 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 85 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2763 86 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 1 Hematologic Hematologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 2 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 3 associated associate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 4 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 5 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 6 infections infection NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 7 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 9 cat cat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 10 Pathology Pathology NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 11 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 12 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 13 pig pig NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 14 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 15 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 16 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 17 guide guide NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 18 Pathologic pathologic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 20 prognostic prognostic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 21 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 22 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 23 splenomegaly splenomegaly NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 24 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 25 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 26 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 27 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 28 fibrohistiocytic fibrohistiocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 29 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 30 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 31 98 98 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2764 32 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 2 myeloid myeloid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 3 metaplasia metaplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 5 histiocytosis histiocytosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 8 hypersplenism hypersplenism NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 9 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 11 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 13 65 65 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 14 cases case NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2765 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 1 Fundamentals fundamental NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 3 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 5 pathology pathology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 6 Feline feline JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 7 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 8 infection infection NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 10 associated associated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2766 11 diseases disease NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 1 Novel novel JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 2 gammaherpesviruses gammaherpesviruse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 3 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 4 North north JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 5 American american JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 6 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 7 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 9 bobcats bobcat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 11 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 12 pumas puma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 13 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 14 identification identification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 15 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 16 prevalence prevalence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 19 risk risk NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2767 20 factors factor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 1 Palmer Palmer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 2 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 3 pathology pathology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 5 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 6 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 7 Veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 8 comparative comparative JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 9 hematopathology hematopathology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 10 Histologic Histologic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 11 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 13 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 14 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 16 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 17 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2768 18 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 2 World World NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 3 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 4 Organization Organization NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 5 international international JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 6 histological histological JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 7 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 9 tumors tumor NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 11 domestic domestic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 12 animals animal NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 14 second second JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 15 series series NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 16 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 17 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 18 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 19 association association NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 20 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 21 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 22 type type NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 23 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 24 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 25 stage stage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 27 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 28 subtype subtype NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 29 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 30 mitotic mitotic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 31 rate rate NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 32 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 33 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 34 treatment treatment NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 35 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 36 survival survival NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 37 Classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 38 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 39 canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 40 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 41 lymphomas lymphoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 42 according accord VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 43 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 45 World World NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 46 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 47 Organization Organization NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 48 criteria criteria VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 49 Canine canine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 50 indolent indolent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 51 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2769 52 lymphoma lymphoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 2 2008 2008 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 3 revision revision NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 6 World World NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 7 Health Health NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 8 Organization Organization NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 10 WHO who WP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 12 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 14 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 15 neoplasms neoplasm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 17 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 18 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 19 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 20 rationale rationale NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 22 important important JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 23 changes change NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 24 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 25 Coombs Coombs NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 26 ' ' POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 27 test test NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 28 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 29 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 30 medicine medicine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 31 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 32 past past NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 34 present present JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 35 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 36 future future JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 37 A a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 38 retrospective retrospective JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 39 study study NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 40 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 41 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 42 incidence incidence NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 43 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 44 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 45 classification classification NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 46 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 47 bone bone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 48 marrow marrow NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 49 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 50 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 51 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 52 dog dog NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 53 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 54 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 55 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 56 teaching teaching NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 57 hospital hospital NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 59 1996 1996 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 60 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 61 2004 2004 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2770 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 1 Schalm Schalm NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 2 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 3 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 4 hematology hematology NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 5 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 6 lymphocytic lymphocytic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 7 leukemia leukemia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 8 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 9 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 10 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 11 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2771 12 : : : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 1 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 2 veterinary veterinary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 3 perspective perspective NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 4 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 5 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 6 incompletely incompletely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 7 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 8 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 10 characterized characterize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 12 multiple multiple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 14 variably variably RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 15 sized sized JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 17 irregularly irregularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 18 shaped shaped JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 19 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 20 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 21 red red NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 22 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 23 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 25 raised raise VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 27 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 29 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 30 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 31 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 32 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 33 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2772 35 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 1 These these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 2 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 4 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 5 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 7 margins margin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 8 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 9 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 10 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 12 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 14 intervening intervene VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 15 tissues tissue NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 16 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 17 depressed depressed JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 19 pink pink JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 20 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 21 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 22 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 23 corresponding correspond VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 24 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 26 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 27 portions portion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 28 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 29 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 30 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 31 devoid devoid NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 33 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2773 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 1 Incompletely incompletely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 2 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 3 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 5 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 6 confused confuse VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 8 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 9 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 10 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 12 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 13 on on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 14 gross gross JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 15 examination examination NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2774 16 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2775 1 Acute Acute NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2775 2 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2775 3 Infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2775 4 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 2 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 4 wedge wedge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 5 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 6 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 7 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 8 triangular triangular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 9 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 10 lesions lesion NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 11 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 12 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 13 primarily primarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 14 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 16 margins margin NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 17 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 19 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2776 20 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 2 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 5 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 6 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 7 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 8 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 9 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 10 hypercoagulable hypercoagulable JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 11 states state NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 15 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 16 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 18 renal renal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 19 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 21 Cushing Cushing NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 22 's 's POS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 23 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 26 neoplasia neoplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 29 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 30 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2777 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 2 vein vein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 3 thrombi thrombi NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 5 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 7 association association NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 9 traumatic traumatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 10 reticulitis reticulitis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 12 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 13 abscesses abscess NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 14 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 15 portal portal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 16 vein vein NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 17 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 19 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 20 arterial arterial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 21 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 22 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 23 bovine bovine JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 24 theileriosis theileriosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 25 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 26 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2778 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 1 Valvular Valvular NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 2 endocarditis endocarditis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 3 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 5 lead lead VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 6 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 7 multiorgan multiorgan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 8 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 9 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 10 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 12 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2779 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 2 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 3 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 4 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 6 pigs pig NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 8 classical classical JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 9 swine swine NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 10 fever fever NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2780 11 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 1 Acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 3 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 5 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 6 always always RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 7 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 8 grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 9 visible visible JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 10 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 12 early early JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 13 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 14 but but CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 15 develop develop VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 16 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 17 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 19 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 20 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 21 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 22 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 23 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 24 filled fill VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 25 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 26 bulging bulge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 28 wedge wedge NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 29 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 30 shaped shape VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 31 foci foci NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 32 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 33 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 34 base base NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 35 toward toward IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 36 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 37 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2781 38 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 6 64 64 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 8 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2782 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 1 With with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 2 chronicity chronicity NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 4 lesion lesion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 5 becomes become VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 6 gray gray JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 7 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 8 white white JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 10 contracted contract VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 11 due due IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 12 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 13 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 15 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 16 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2783 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2784 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2784 2 -64 -64 NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2784 3 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2784 4 B).Hemangiosarcoma B).Hemangiosarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2784 5 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 1 Hemangiosarcoma Hemangiosarcoma NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 4 malignant malignant JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 5 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 7 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 8 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 9 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 11 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 12 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 13 primary primary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 14 tumor tumor NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 16 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 17 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 18 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 19 especially especially RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 20 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 21 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2785 22 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 1 Benign benign JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 2 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 3 hemangiomas hemangiomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 4 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 5 extraordinarily extraordinarily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 6 rare rare JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2786 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 1 Grossly grossly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 2 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 3 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 4 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 5 appear appear VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 6 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 7 single single JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 8 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 9 multifocal multifocal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 10 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 11 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 12 coalescing coalesce VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 13 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 14 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 15 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 16 purple purple JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 17 masses masse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 18 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 19 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 20 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 21 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 22 easily easily RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 23 differentiated differentiate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 24 from from IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 25 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 26 hematoma hematoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 30 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 31 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 32 65 65 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2787 34 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 2 cut cut NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 3 surface surface NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 4 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 5 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 6 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 7 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 8 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 9 amounts amount NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 11 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 12 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 13 neoplastic neoplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 14 tissue tissue NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 15 ; ; : cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 16 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 17 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 18 solid solid JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 19 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 21 neoplasm neoplasm NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 22 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 23 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 24 slightly slightly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 25 more more RBR cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 26 firm firm JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 28 whitetan whitetan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2788 29 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 1 Metastatic metastatic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 2 spread spread NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 4 early early RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 5 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 7 disease disease NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 8 process process NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2789 9 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 1 Seeding seed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 4 peritoneum peritoneum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 5 results result NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 7 numerous numerous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 8 discrete discrete JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 9 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 10 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 11 black black JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 12 masses masse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 13 throughout throughout IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 15 omentum omentum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 16 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 17 serosa serosa NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 18 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 19 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 20 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 22 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 23 hematogenous hematogenous NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 24 spread spread VBD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 25 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 26 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 28 lung lung NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 29 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 30 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2790 31 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 1 Hemangiosarcomas Hemangiosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 2 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 3 dogs dog NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 5 occur occur VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 6 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 8 right right JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 9 atrium atrium NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 11 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 12 heart heart NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 14 retroperitoneal retroperitoneal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 15 fat fat NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 18 skin skin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 20 dermal dermal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 21 and/or and/or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 22 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 24 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 25 multiorgan multiorgan NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 26 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 27 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 28 described describe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 29 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 30 horses horse NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 31 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 32 cats cat NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 33 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 34 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 35 cattle cattle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2791 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 1 Because because IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 2 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 3 have have VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 4 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 5 metastasized metastasize VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 6 at at IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 8 time time NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 9 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 10 initial initial JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 11 accumulations accumulation NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 12 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 13 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 14 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 15 several several JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 16 organs organ NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 18 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 19 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 20 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 22 Kupffer Kupffer NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 23 cells cell NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 24 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 25 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 26 liver liver NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 28 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 29 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 30 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 31 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 32 brain brain NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 33 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 34 often often RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 35 observed observe VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2792 36 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 1 Splenic Splenic NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 2 Nodules Nodules NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 3 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 4 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 5 Bloody Bloody NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 6 Consistency Consistency NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2793 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 2 most most RBS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 3 common common JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 4 disorders disorder NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 7 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 8 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 9 bloody bloody JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 10 nodules nodule NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 11 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 13 1 1 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 15 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 17 including include VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 18 those those DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 19 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 20 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 21 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 22 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 23 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 24 occurring occur VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 25 with with IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 26 hemangiosarcoma hemangiosarcoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 27 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 29 2 2 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 31 incompletely incompletely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 32 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 33 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 34 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 35 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 36 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 37 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 39 3 3 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 41 acute acute JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 42 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 43 infarcts infarct NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 44 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 45 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 47 4 4 LS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 49 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2794 50 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 2 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 3 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 4 has have VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 5 been be VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 6 applied apply VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 7 rather rather RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 8 loosely loosely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 9 here here RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2795 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 1 In in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 2 some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 3 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 4 these these DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 5 conditions condition NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 7 such such JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 8 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 9 incompletely incompletely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 10 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 11 irregularly irregularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 12 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 13 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 14 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 15 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 16 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 18 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 19 elevated elevated JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 20 area area NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 21 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 22 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 23 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 24 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 25 not not RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 26 as as RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 27 well well RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 28 defined define VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 29 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 30 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 31 term term NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 32 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 33 would would MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 34 imply imply VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2796 35 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2797 1 Hematomas Hematomas NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2797 2 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 1 Bleeding bleed VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 2 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 4 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 5 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 6 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 7 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 8 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 9 hematoma hematoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 10 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 11 confined confine VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 12 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 15 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 16 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 18 produces produce VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 19 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 20 red red NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 21 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 22 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 23 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 25 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 27 bulging bulge VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 29 usually usually RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 30 solitary solitary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 31 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 32 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 33 varying vary VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 34 size size NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 36 2 2 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 37 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 38 15 15 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 39 cm cm NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 40 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 41 diameter diameter NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2798 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 3 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 4 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 5 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 6 62 62 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2799 8 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 1 Resolution resolution NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 2 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 3 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 4 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 5 hematoma hematoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 6 progresses progress VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 7 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 8 days day NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 9 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 10 weeks week NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 11 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 12 through through IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 14 stages stage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 15 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 16 coagulation coagulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 18 breakdown breakdown NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 19 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 20 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 21 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 22 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 23 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 24 dark dark JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 25 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 26 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 27 brown brown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 28 soft soft JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 29 mass mass NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 31 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 33 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 34 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 35 63 63 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 36 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 37 A A NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 39 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 40 infiltration infiltration NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 41 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 42 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 43 that that WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 44 phagocytize phagocytize NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 45 erythrocytes erythrocyte NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 46 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 47 break break VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 48 down down RP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 49 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 50 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 51 form form VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 52 hematoidin hematoidin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 53 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 54 hemosiderin hemosiderin NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 56 see see VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 57 Fig Fig NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2800 58 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 1 13 13 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 2 - - SYM cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 3 63 63 CD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 4 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 5 B B NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 7 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 9 repair repair VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 10 leading lead VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 11 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 12 fibrosis fibrosis NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2801 13 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 1 On on IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 2 occasion occasion NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 3 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 4 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 6 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 7 capsule capsule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 8 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 9 visceral visceral JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 10 peritoneum peritoneum NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 12 over over IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 14 hematoma hematoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 15 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 16 rupture rupture VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 17 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 18 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 20 hemoperitoneum hemoperitoneum NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 21 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 22 hypovolemic hypovolemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 23 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 24 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 25 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 26 death death NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2802 27 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 2 origin origin NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 3 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 4 cause cause NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 5 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 6 many many JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 7 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 8 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 9 unknown unknown JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2803 10 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 1 Some some DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 2 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 3 due due JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 4 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 5 trauma trauma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 6 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 7 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 8 others other NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 9 may may MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 10 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 11 be be VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 12 induced induce VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 13 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 14 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 15 nodular nodular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 16 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2804 17 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 2 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 3 postulated postulate VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 4 that that IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 5 as as IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 6 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 7 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 8 follicles follicle NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 9 become become VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 10 hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 12 distort distort VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 14 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 15 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 16 zone zone NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 17 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 18 marginal marginal JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 19 sinus sinus NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 20 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 21 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 22 compromises compromise VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 24 drainage drainage NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 25 into into IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 26 sinusoids sinusoid NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 27 and and CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 28 red red JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 29 pulp pulp NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 30 vascular vascular JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 31 spaces space NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2805 32 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 1 The the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 2 result result NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 3 is be VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 4 an an DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 5 accumulation accumulation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 7 pooled pool VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 8 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 9 surrounding surround VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 10 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 11 hyperplastic hyperplastic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 12 nodule nodule NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 13 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 14 which which WDT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 15 leads lead VBZ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 16 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 17 hematoma hematoma NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 18 formation formation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2806 19 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 1 Splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 2 hematomas hematoma NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 3 can can MD cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 4 also also RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 5 occur occur VB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 6 secondary secondary JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 7 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 8 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 9 rupture rupture NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 10 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 11 hemangiosarcomas hemangiosarcomas NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 12 within within IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 13 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 14 spleen spleen NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2807 15 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 1 Incompletely incompletely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 2 Contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 3 Areas Areas NNPS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 4 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 5 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 6 Spleen Spleen NNP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2808 7 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 1 Incompletely incompletely RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 2 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 3 irregularly irregularly RB cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 4 contracted contract VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 5 areas area NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 6 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 7 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 8 spleen spleen NNS cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 9 are be VBP cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 10 caused cause VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 11 by by IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 12 failure failure NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 13 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 14 the the DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 15 smooth smooth JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 16 muscle muscle NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 17 to to TO cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 18 contract contract NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 19 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 20 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 21 to to IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 22 circulatory circulatory JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 23 shock shock NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 25 hypovolemic hypovolemic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 26 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 27 cardiogenic cardiogenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 28 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 29 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 30 septic septic NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 32 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 33 sympathetic sympathetic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 34 " " `` cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 35 fight fight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 36 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 37 or or CC cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 38 - - HYPH cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 39 flight flight NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 40 " " '' cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 41 response response NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 42 , , , cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 43 resulting result VBG cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 44 in in IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 45 a a DT cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 46 lack lack NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 47 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 48 splenic splenic JJ cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 49 evacuation evacuation NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 50 of of IN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 51 stored store VBN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 52 blood blood NN cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 53 . . . cord-022561-rv5j1201 2809 54 _SP