id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-296425-on8er7v9 O’Brien, Edward R. Sex differences in COVID-19 mortality: opportunity to develop HSP27 (HSPB1) immunotherapy to treat hyper-inflammation? 2020-08-06 .txt text/plain 2705 138 41 2014) Critical for prevention of COVID-19 vascular complications like pulmonary emboli and stroke of endogenous or exogenous ATP, reactive oxygen species, or lysosomal proteases released from damaged or dying cells leading to NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, activation of caspase-1, and subsequent secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β, a mediator of fever, lung inflamamtion, and fibrosis (Shrivastava et al. However, over-activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome causes the hyper-inflammatory responses seen in COVID-19 patients, resulting in a vicious cycle of release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pyroptosis, and infiltration of the lungs with inflammatory cells leading to ARDS, multi-organ failure and even death (De Nardo et al. Similarly, treatment of macrophages derived from COVID-19 patients with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and nigericin activated the NLRP-3 inflammasome, resulting in IL-1β production (S.J. Theobald et al. Heat shock protein 27 immune complex upregulates LDLR expression thereby reducing plasma cholesterol Sex differences in COVID-19 mortality: opportunity to develop HSP27 (HSPB1) immunotherapy to treat ./cache/cord-296425-on8er7v9.txt ./txt/cord-296425-on8er7v9.txt