id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-347360-l1v93av4	Shapira, Guy	Ethnic differences in alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency allele frequencies may partially explain national differences in COVID‐19 fatality rates	2020-09-22		.txt	text/plain	2433	138	38	Our study compared reported national estimates for the major alpha‐1 antitrypsin deficiency alleles PiZ and PiS (SERPINA1 rs28929474 and rs17580, respectively) with the Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center dataset. We found a significant positive correlation (R = .54, P = 1.98e−6) between the combined frequencies of the alpha‐1 antitrypsin PiZ and PiS deficiency alleles in 67 countries and their reported COVID‐19 mortality rates. We examined if population variations in human serine protease inhibitor (serpin) genes may help explain the lower COVID-19 infection rates and fatalities in East and Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, compared to other regions. Considering the above, we propose that the low carrier frequency of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency PiZ and PiS alleles in East and Southeast Asian and Sub-Saharan African F I G U R E 1 Demographics of national alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency and COVID-19 fatality rates per 1,000 population.	./cache/cord-347360-l1v93av4.txt	./txt/cord-347360-l1v93av4.txt