id sid tid token lemma pos cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 1 key key NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 2 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 3 cord-347986-ds5hm731 cord-347986-ds5hm731 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 4 authors author NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 5 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 6 Lee Lee NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 8 Paul Paul NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 9 J. J. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 10 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 11 Krilov Krilov NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 13 Leonard Leonard NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 14 R. R. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 15 title title NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 16 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 17 Developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 18 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 19 Disease Disease NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 20 Strategies Strategies NNPS cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 21 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 22 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 23 Developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 24 World World NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 25 date date NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 26 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 27 2007 2007 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 28 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 29 01 01 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 30 - - SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 31 26 26 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 32 journal journal NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 1 33 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 1 Annu Annu NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 2 Rep Rep NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 3 Med Med NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 4 Chem Chem NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 5 DOI doi NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 6 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 7 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 8 / / SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 9 s0065 s0065 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 10 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 11 7743(06)41018 7743(06)41018 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 12 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 2 13 6 6 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 3 1 sha sha NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 3 2 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 4 1 67d9eeaea1ab99c91b13d170df131d8322052d62 67d9eeaea1ab99c91b13d170df131d8322052d62 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 5 1 doc_id doc_id CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 6 1 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 6 2 347986 347986 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 6 3 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 6 4 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 6 5 ds5hm731 ds5hm731 NNPS cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 2 chapter chapter NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 4 various various JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 5 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 6 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 7 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 8 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 9 A a NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 11 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 13 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 14 multidrug multidrug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 15 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 16 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 17 mycobacterium mycobacterium NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 7 18 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 8 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 8 2 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 8 3 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 8 4 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 8 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 8 6 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 2 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 3 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 4 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 5 does do VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 6 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 7 presently presently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 8 meet meet VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 9 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 10 criteria criterion NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 11 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 12 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 13 antigenically antigenically NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 14 shifted shift VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 15 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 9 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 3 presently presently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 4 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 5 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 6 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 7 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 8 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 9 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 10 undergone undergo VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 11 reassortment reassortment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 12 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 13 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 14 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 15 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 17 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 18 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 19 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 20 adapted adapt VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 21 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 22 humans human NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 10 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 1 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 2 isolates isolate NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 3 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 4 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 5 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 7 M2 M2 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 8 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 9 amantadine amantadine NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 11 rimantadine rimantadine NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 12 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 13 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 14 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 15 do do VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 16 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 17 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 18 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 19 role role NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 20 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 21 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 22 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 23 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 24 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 25 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 27 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 11 28 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 2 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 3 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 5 oseltamivir oseltamivir FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 6 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 7 zanamivir zanamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 9 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 10 in in FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 11 vitro vitro FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 12 activities activity NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 13 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 14 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 15 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 16 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 17 isolates isolate VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 18 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 19 however however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 21 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 22 data datum NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 23 suggest suggest VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 24 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 25 higher high JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 26 doses dose NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 27 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 28 longer long JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 29 periods period NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 30 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 31 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 32 required require VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 33 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 34 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 35 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 12 36 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 1 Oseltamivir Oseltamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 3 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 4 oral oral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 5 agent agent NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 6 approved approve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 7 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 8 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 10 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 11 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 12 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 13 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 14 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 13 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 1 Zanamivir Zanamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 3 delivered deliver VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 4 topically topically RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 5 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 8 tract tract NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 9 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 10 similar similar JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 11 indications indication NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 14 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 2 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 3 discussed discuss VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 6 chapter chapter NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 7 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 8 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 9 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 10 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 11 fall fall NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 12 into into IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 13 three three CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 14 categories category NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 15 — — : cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 16 quinolones quinolones NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 17 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 18 nitroimidazoles nitroimidazoles NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 20 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 21 pyrroles pyrrole NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 15 22 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 1 Drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 2 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 3 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 4 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 5 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 6 methoxyfluoroquinolones methoxyfluoroquinolone NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 8 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 9 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 10 already already RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 11 available available JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 12 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 13 approved approve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 14 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 15 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 16 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 17 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 18 acute acute JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 20 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 22 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 23 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 24 community community NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 25 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 26 acquired acquire VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 27 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 28 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 29 intra intra JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 30 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 31 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 32 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 33 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 34 acute acute JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 35 sinusitis sinusitis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 36 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 37 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 38 skin skin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 39 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 16 40 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 1 Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 2 5 5 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 4 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 5 another another DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 6 methoxyfluoroquinolone methoxyfluoroquinolone NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 7 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 8 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 9 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 11 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 12 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 13 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 14 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 17 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 1 New new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 2 infectious infectious JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 3 diseases disease NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 4 continue continue VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 5 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 6 emerge emerge VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 8 old old JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 9 ones one NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 10 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 11 re re VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 12 - - VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 13 emerged emerge VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 14 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 15 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 16 decades decade NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 18 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 1 Often often RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 2 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 3 events event NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 4 begin begin VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 5 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 6 take take VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 7 root root NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 9 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 10 countries country NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 19 11 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 1 Infectious infectious JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 2 diseases disease NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 3 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 4 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 5 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 6 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 7 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 8 emerging emerge VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 9 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 10 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 11 defined define VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 12 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 14 Institute Institute NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 16 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 17 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 18 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 20 disease disease NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 21 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 22 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 23 come come VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 24 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 25 medical medical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 26 attention attention NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 27 within within IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 28 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 29 past past JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 30 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 31 decades decade NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 32 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 33 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 34 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 35 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 36 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 37 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 38 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 39 potential potential NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 40 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 41 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 42 prevalence prevalence NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 43 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 44 increase increase VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 45 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 46 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 47 near near JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 48 future future NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 20 49 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 1 Frequently frequently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 3 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 4 diseases disease NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 5 exist exist VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 6 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 7 nature nature NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 8 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 9 zoonoses zoonosis NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 11 cross cross VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 12 over over RP cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 13 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 14 humans human NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 15 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 16 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 17 come come VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 18 into into IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 19 contact contact NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 20 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 21 formerly formerly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 22 isolated isolate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 23 animal animal NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 24 population population NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 26 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 27 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 28 monkeys monkey NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 29 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 30 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 31 rain rain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 32 forest forest NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 33 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 34 become become VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 35 less less RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 36 isolated isolate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 37 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 38 deforestation deforestation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 21 39 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 1 Drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 2 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 3 organisms organism NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 4 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 5 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 6 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 7 considered consider VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 8 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 9 emerging emerge VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 10 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 11 since since IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 13 result result VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 14 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 15 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 16 influence influence NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 22 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 1 Human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 2 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 3 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 5 HIV HIV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 8 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 9 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 10 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 11 hantavirus hantavirus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 13 syndrome syndrome NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 15 monkey monkey NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 16 pox pox NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 18 multidrug multidrug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 19 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 20 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 21 Mycobacterium Mycobacterium NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 23 22 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 2 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 3 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 4 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 6 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 7 Severe severe JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 8 Acute acute JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 9 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 10 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 24 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 1 associated associated JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 3 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 4 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 5 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 6 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 7 examples example NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 8 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 9 emerging emerge VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 10 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 25 11 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 1 Many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 2 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 3 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 4 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 5 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 6 arisen arise VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 8 become become VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 9 major major JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 10 health health NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 11 issues issue NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 12 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 14 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 15 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 17 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 18 part part NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 19 due due IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 20 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 21 selection selection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 22 factors factor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 23 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 24 noted note VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 25 above above RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 26 26 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 3 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 4 resource resource NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 5 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 6 public public JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 7 health health NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 8 surveillance surveillance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 10 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 11 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 12 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 13 illnesses illness NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 14 plus plus CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 15 poor poor JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 16 sanitation sanitation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 18 nutritional nutritional JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 19 status status NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 20 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 21 contribute contribute VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 22 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 24 flourishing flourishing NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 27 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 1 Once once RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 2 established establish VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 4 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 5 illnesses illness NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 6 then then RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 7 pose pose VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 8 concerns concern NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 9 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 10 all all DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 11 mankind mankind NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 12 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 14 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 15 truly truly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 16 become become VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 17 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 18 global global JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 19 community community NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 28 20 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 1 For for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 2 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 3 same same JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 4 reasons reason NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 5 even even RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 6 common common JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 7 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 8 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 9 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 10 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 11 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 12 infection infection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 13 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 15 syncytial syncytial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 29 16 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 2 RSV RSV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 4 exert exert VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 5 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 6 greater great JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 7 toll toll NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 9 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 10 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 11 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 30 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 1 Thus thus RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 3 even even RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 4 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 6 biology biology NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 7 advances advance VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 8 approaches approach NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 9 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 10 diagnoses diagnosis NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 12 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 13 challenges challenge NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 14 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 15 prevention prevention NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 17 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 18 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 20 diseases disease NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 21 continue continue VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 22 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 23 emerge emerge VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 31 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 1 Through through IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 2 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 3 discussion discussion NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 5 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 6 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 8 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 9 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 10 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 12 primarily primarily RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 15 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 16 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 17 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 18 magnitude magnitude NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 19 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 21 problems problem NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 22 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 23 infectious infectious JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 24 diseases disease NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 25 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 27 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 28 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 29 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 30 discuss discuss VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 31 approaches approach NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 32 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 33 can can MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 34 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 35 taken take VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 36 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 37 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 38 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 39 attempt attempt NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 40 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 41 monitor monitor VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 42 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 43 contain contain VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 44 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 45 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 46 threats threat NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 47 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 48 they -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 49 emerge emerge VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 32 50 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 1 Throughout throughout IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 2 history history NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 3 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 4 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 5 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 7 major major JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 8 infectious infectious JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 9 disease disease NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 10 problem problem NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 11 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 12 man man NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 13 causing cause VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 14 significant significant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 15 morbidity morbidity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 17 mortality mortality NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 33 18 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 1 Influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 2 viruses virus NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 3 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 4 members member NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 7 Orthomyxoviridae Orthomyxoviridae NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 34 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 1 myxo myxo NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 2 ¼ ¼ NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 3 mucous mucous NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 5 Gr Gr NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 6 . . NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 8 family family NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 10 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 11 classified classify VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 12 into into IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 13 three three CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 14 types type NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 15 A A NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 17 B b NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 18 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 19 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 20 C C NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 22 based base VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 23 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 24 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 25 composition composition NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 26 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 28 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 29 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 30 proteins protein NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 35 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 1 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 2 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 3 viruses virus NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 4 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 5 further further RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 6 categorized categorize VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 7 into into IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 8 subtypes subtype NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 9 based base VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 10 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 11 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 12 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 13 structure structure NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 14 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 15 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 16 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 17 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 18 surface surface NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 19 membrane membrane NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 20 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 22 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 24 H H NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 26 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 27 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 29 N N NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 36 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 1 Both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 2 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 3 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 4 proteins protein NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 5 play play VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 6 critical critical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 7 roles role NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 9 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 10 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 11 life life NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 12 cycle cycle NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 37 13 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 2 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 3 protein protein NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 4 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 5 involved involve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 6 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 7 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 8 process process NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 9 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 10 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 11 attachment attachment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 12 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 13 entry entry NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 14 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 15 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 16 host host NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 17 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 18 cell cell NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 19 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 20 initiate initiate VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 21 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 22 process process NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 23 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 24 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 25 infection infection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 38 26 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 2 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 3 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 4 involved involve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 5 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 7 other other JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 8 end end NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 9 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 10 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 11 replication replication NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 12 cycle cycle NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 13 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 15 functions function VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 16 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 17 snip snip VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 18 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 19 cell cell NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 20 membrane membrane NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 21 releasing release VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 22 newly newly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 23 made make VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 24 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 25 particles particle NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 26 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 27 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 28 infected infected JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 29 cell cell NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 39 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 1 There there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 2 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 3 15 15 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 4 distinct distinct JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 5 hemagglutinins hemagglutinin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 7 H1-H15 H1-H15 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 10 nine nine CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 11 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 12 subtypes subtype NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 14 N1-N9 N1-N9 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 16 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 17 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 18 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 19 described describe VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 20 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 21 nature nature NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 40 22 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 1 Until until IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 2 recently recently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 4 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 5 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 6 viruses virus NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 7 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 8 contained contain VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 9 H1 h1 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 10 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 11 H2 H2 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 13 H3 H3 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 14 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 15 N1 N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 16 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 17 N2 N2 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 18 subtypes subtype NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 41 19 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 1 Avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 2 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 3 viruses virus NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 4 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 5 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 6 additional additional JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 7 combinations combination NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 8 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 9 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 10 15 15 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 11 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 12 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 13 9 9 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 14 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 15 proteins protein NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 42 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 2 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 3 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 4 genome genome NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 5 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 6 composed compose VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 7 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 8 8 8 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 9 segmented segmented JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 10 pieces piece NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 11 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 13 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 14 each each DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 15 coding code VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 16 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 17 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 18 separate separate JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 19 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 20 protein protein NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 43 21 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 1 These these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 2 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 3 proteins protein NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 4 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 5 change change VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 6 slowly slowly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 8 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 9 drift drift NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 11 through through IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 12 point point NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 13 mutations mutation NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 14 occurring occur VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 15 during during IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 16 viral viral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 17 replication replication NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 18 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 19 suddenly suddenly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 21 antigenic antigenic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 22 shift shift NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 44 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 2 latter latter JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 3 occurs occur VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 4 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 5 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 6 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 7 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 8 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 11 results result VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 12 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 13 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 14 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 16 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 17 segmented segmented JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 18 genome genome NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 19 described describe VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 20 above above RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 21 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 22 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 23 ability ability NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 24 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 25 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 26 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 27 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 28 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 29 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 30 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 31 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 32 origin origin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 33 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 34 co co VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 35 - - VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 36 infect infect VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 37 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 38 same same JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 39 host host NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 41 typically typically RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 42 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 43 pigs pig NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 44 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 45 swines swine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 46 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 47 most most RBS cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 48 receptive receptive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 50 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 51 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 52 share share VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 53 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 54 genetic genetic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 55 information information NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 45 56 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 1 During during IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 2 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 3 process process NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 5 reassortment reassortment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 7 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 8 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 9 acquiring acquire VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 10 one one CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 11 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 13 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 14 surface surface NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 15 protein protein NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 16 genes gene NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 18 H H NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 19 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 20 N N NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 22 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 23 emerge emerge VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 46 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 1 Such such PDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 2 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 3 novel novel JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 4 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 5 then then RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 6 eludes elude VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 7 pre pre JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 8 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 9 existing existing JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 10 immunity immunity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 12 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 13 previously previously RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 14 infected infect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 15 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 16 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 18 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 19 spread spread VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 20 rapidly rapidly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 21 among among IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 22 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 23 entire entire JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 24 population population NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 47 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 2 defines define VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 4 potential potential NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 5 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 6 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 7 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 8 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 9 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 10 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 11 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 48 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 2 number number NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 3 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 4 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 5 pandemics pandemic NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 6 were be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 7 documented document VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 8 over over IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 9 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 10 20th 20th JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 11 century century NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 12 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 14 most most RBS cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 15 notable notable JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 16 being be VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 17 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 18 1918 1918 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 19 - - SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 20 1919 1919 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 21 Spanish spanish JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 22 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 23 swine swine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 24 flu flu NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 25 epidemic epidemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 49 26 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 1 During during IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 2 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 3 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 5 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 6 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 7 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 8 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 9 time time NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 10 H1NI h1ni CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 11 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 12 arose arise VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 13 leading lead VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 14 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 15 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 16 estimated estimate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 17 20 20 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 18 million million CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 19 deaths death NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 20 worldwide worldwide RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 50 21 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 1 Scientists scientist NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 2 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 3 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 4 date date NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 6 continue continue VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 7 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 8 study study VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 9 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 10 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 11 attempting attempt VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 12 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 13 discern discern VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 14 virulence virulence NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 15 factors factor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 16 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 17 contributed contribute VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 18 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 19 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 20 severity severity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 21 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 22 illness illness NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 23 caused cause VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 24 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 25 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 26 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 51 27 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 3 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 4 suggested suggest VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 5 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 7 recently recently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 8 observed observe VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 9 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 10 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 11 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 12 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 13 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 14 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 15 described describe VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 16 below below IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 17 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 18 share share VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 19 some some DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 20 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 21 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 22 same same JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 23 virulence virulence NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 24 properties property NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 25 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 26 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 27 contribute contribute VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 28 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 29 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 30 450 450 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 31 % % NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 32 mortality mortality NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 33 observed observe VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 34 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 35 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 36 limited limited JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 37 number number NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 38 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 39 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 40 cases case NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 41 reported report VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 42 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 43 date date NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 45 1 1 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 52 47 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 1 Specifically specifically RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 3 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 4 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 5 predominately predominately RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 6 attaches attach VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 7 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 8 lower lower VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 9 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 10 tract tract NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 11 cells cell NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 13 type type NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 14 II II NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 15 pneumocytes pneumocyte NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 17 alveolar alveolar NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 18 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 19 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 20 nonciliated nonciliate VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 21 bronchiolar bronchiolar NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 22 cells cell NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 24 leading lead VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 25 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 26 severe severe JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 27 lower low JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 29 tract tract NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 30 damage damage NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 53 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 1 However however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 4 does do VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 5 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 6 appear appear VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 7 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 8 attach attach VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 9 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 10 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 11 upper upper JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 13 tract tract NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 14 cells cell NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 15 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 16 possibly possibly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 17 explaining explain VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 18 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 19 low low JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 20 human human NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 21 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 22 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 23 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 24 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 25 risk risk NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 26 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 27 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 28 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 30 2 2 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 54 32 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 2 crowding crowding NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 3 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 4 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 6 swine swine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 8 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 9 bird bird NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 10 species specie NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 12 areas area NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 13 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 14 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 15 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 16 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 17 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 18 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 19 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 20 Asia Asia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 21 creates create VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 22 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 23 environment environment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 24 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 25 favors favor VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 27 origin origin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 28 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 29 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 30 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 55 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 1 Public public JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 2 health health NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 3 vigilance vigilance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 4 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 5 contributed contribute VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 6 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 7 prompt prompt VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 8 recognition recognition NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 9 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 10 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 11 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 12 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 14 emerge emerge VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 15 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 16 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 17 contributed contribute VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 18 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 19 control control VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 20 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 22 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 23 through through IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 24 destruction destruction NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 25 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 26 bird bird NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 27 and/or and/or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 28 swine swine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 29 populations population NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 56 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 2 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 3 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 4 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 5 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 6 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 7 attracted attract VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 8 so so RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 9 much much JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 10 attention attention NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 11 over over IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 13 last last JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 14 several several JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 15 years year NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 16 does do VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 17 NOT not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 18 presently presently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 19 meet meet VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 21 criteria criterion NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 22 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 23 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 24 antigenically antigenically NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 25 shifted shift VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 26 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 57 27 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 3 presently presently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 4 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 5 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 6 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 7 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 8 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 9 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 10 undergone undergo VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 11 reassortment reassortment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 12 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 13 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 14 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 15 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 17 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 18 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 19 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 20 adapted adapt VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 21 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 22 humans human NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 58 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 1 Only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 2 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 3 small small JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 4 number number NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 6 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 8 n n CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 9 ¼ ¼ NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 10 204 204 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 12 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 13 113 113 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 14 deaths death NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 16 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 17 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 18 confirmed confirm VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 19 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 20 infected infect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 21 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 22 date date NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 23 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 24 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 25 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 26 vast vast JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 27 majority majority NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 28 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 29 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 30 individuals individual NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 31 apparently apparently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 32 acquired acquire VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 33 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 34 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 35 through through IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 36 close close JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 37 contact contact NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 38 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 39 infected infected JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 40 birds bird NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 41 and/or and/or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 42 consuming consume VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 43 undercooked undercooked JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 44 infected infected JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 45 bird bird NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 46 products product NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 48 1 1 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 49 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 50 3 3 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 59 52 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 1 Still still RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 2 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 3 increasing increase VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 4 geographic geographic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 5 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 6 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 7 infected infected JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 8 birds bird NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 9 beyond beyond IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 10 Asia Asia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 11 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 12 Africa Africa NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 13 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 14 Europe Europe NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 15 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 16 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 17 transmission transmission NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 18 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 19 felids felid NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 21 tigers tiger NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 22 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 23 leopards leopard NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 25 through through IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 26 consumption consumption NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 27 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 28 raw raw JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 29 infected infected JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 30 chickens chicken NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 31 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 32 Thailand Thailand NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 33 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 34 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 35 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 36 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 37 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 38 reported report VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 39 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 40 cases case NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 41 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 42 Thailand Thailand NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 43 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 44 Viet Viet NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 45 Nam Nam NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 46 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 47 2004 2004 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 48 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 49 Cambodia Cambodia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 50 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 51 China China NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 52 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 53 Indonesia Indonesia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 54 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 55 2005 2005 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 56 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 57 Azerbaijan Azerbaijan NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 58 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 59 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 60 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 61 Iraq Iraq NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 62 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 63 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 64 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 65 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 66 2006 2006 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 67 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 68 raises raise VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 69 concerns concern NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 70 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 71 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 72 potential potential JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 73 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 74 should should MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 75 further further VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 76 adaptation adaptation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 77 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 78 humans human NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 79 occur occur VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 60 80 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 2 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 3 event event NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 5 such such PDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 7 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 8 should should MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 9 arise arise VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 10 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 11 where where WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 12 do do VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 14 stand stand VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 15 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 16 treating treat VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 18 preventing prevent VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 19 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 20 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 21 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 22 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 23 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 61 24 ? ? . cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 1 Since since IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 2 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 3 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 4 A a NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 6 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 8 isolates isolate NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 9 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 10 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 11 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 13 M2 M2 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 14 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 15 amantadine amantadine NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 17 rimantadine rimantadine NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 18 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 19 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 20 antivirals antiviral NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 21 do do VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 22 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 23 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 24 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 25 role role NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 26 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 27 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 28 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 29 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 30 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 31 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 32 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 33 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 62 34 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 2 neuraminidase neuraminidase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 3 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 4 oseltamivir oseltamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 6 1 1 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 8 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 9 zanamivir zanamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 10 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 11 2 2 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 13 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 14 in in FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 15 vitro vitro FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 16 activities activity NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 17 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 18 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 19 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 20 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 21 isolates isolate VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 22 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 23 however however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 24 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 25 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 26 data datum NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 27 suggest suggest VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 28 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 29 higher high JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 30 doses dose NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 31 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 32 longer long JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 33 periods period NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 35 7 7 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 36 - - SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 37 10 10 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 38 days day NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 39 vs. vs. IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 40 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 41 prior prior JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 42 recommendation recommendation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 43 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 44 five five CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 45 days day NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 47 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 48 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 49 required require VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 50 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 51 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 52 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 54 4 4 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 63 56 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 1 Oseltamivir Oseltamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 3 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 4 oral oral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 5 agent agent NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 6 approved approve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 7 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 8 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 10 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 11 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 12 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 13 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 64 14 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 1 Zanamivir Zanamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 3 delivered deliver VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 4 topically topically RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 5 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 8 tract tract NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 9 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 10 similar similar JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 11 indications indication NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 65 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 1 Oseltamivir Oseltamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 2 resistance resistance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 3 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 4 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 5 isolates isolate NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 6 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 7 Viet Viet NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 8 Nam Nam NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 9 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 10 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 11 noted note VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 13 5 5 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 15 6 6 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 66 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 1 These these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 2 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 3 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 4 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 5 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 6 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 7 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 8 zanamivir zanamivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 10 6 6 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 67 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 1 Stockpiles stockpile NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 2 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 3 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 4 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 5 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 6 needed need VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 7 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 8 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 10 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 11 if if IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 13 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 14 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 15 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 16 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 17 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 18 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 19 event event NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 20 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 21 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 22 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 23 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 68 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 2 long long RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 3 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 4 acting act VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 5 neuraminidase neuraminidase JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 6 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 8 peramivir peramivir NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 10 3 3 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 12 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 13 begun begin VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 69 14 Phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 3 trial trial NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 5 begin begin VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 6 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 7 determine determine VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 8 whether whether IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 10 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 11 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 12 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 13 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 14 option option NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 15 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 16 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 70 17 disease disease NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 2 _SP cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 3 Traditionally traditionally RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 5 vaccination vaccination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 6 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 7 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 8 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 9 principal principal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 10 approach approach NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 11 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 12 protecting protect VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 13 individuals individual NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 14 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 15 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 71 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 1 Currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 3 no no DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 4 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 5 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 6 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 8 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 9 available available JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 10 although although IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 11 several several JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 12 candidate candidate NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 13 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 14 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 15 being be VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 16 developed develop VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 72 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 1 Preliminary preliminary JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 2 data datum NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 4 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 5 either either CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 6 higher high JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 7 concentrations concentration NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 8 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 9 antigens antigen NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 10 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 11 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 12 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 13 seasonal seasonal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 14 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 15 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 16 and/or and/or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 17 addition addition NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 18 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 19 adjuvants adjuvant NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 20 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 21 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 22 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 23 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 24 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 25 necessary necessary JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 26 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 27 induce induce VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 28 protective protective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 29 responses response NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 31 8 8 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 73 33 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 1 Gearing gear VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 2 production production NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 5 rapidly rapidly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 6 make make VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 7 necessary necessary JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 8 quantities quantity NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 10 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 11 such such PDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 12 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 13 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 14 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 15 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 16 event event NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 17 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 18 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 19 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 20 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 21 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 22 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 23 great great JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 24 challenge challenge NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 25 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 28 industry industry NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 74 29 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 1 Thus thus RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 3 although although IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 4 great great JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 5 progress progress NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 6 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 7 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 8 made make VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 9 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 10 understanding understand VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 11 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 12 biology biology NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 13 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 14 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 15 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 16 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 18 although although IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 19 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 20 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 21 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 22 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 23 presently presently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 24 capable capable JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 25 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 26 efficient efficient JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 27 human human NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 28 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 29 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 30 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 31 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 32 transmission transmission NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 33 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 34 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 35 reason reason NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 36 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 37 concern concern NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 38 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 39 noted note VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 40 above above RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 75 41 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 1 Continued continue VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 2 surveillance surveillance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 3 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 4 animal animal NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 5 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 6 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 7 populations population NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 8 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 9 infection infection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 10 control control NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 11 measures measure NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 12 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 13 limit limit VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 15 spread spread NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 16 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 17 critical critical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 18 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 19 while while IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 20 we -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 21 learn learn VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 22 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 23 better well JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 24 combat combat VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 25 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 26 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 28 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 29 some some DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 30 other other JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 31 future future JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 32 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 34 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 35 pandemic pandemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 36 potential potential NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 76 37 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 2 1952 1952 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 4 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 5 Selman Selman NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 6 Waksman Waksman NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 7 received receive VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 8 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 9 Nobel Nobel NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 10 Prize Prize NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 11 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 12 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 13 discovery discovery NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 14 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 15 streptomycin streptomycin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 17 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 18 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 19 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 20 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 21 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 22 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 23 he -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 24 proclaimed proclaim VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 25 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 27 conquest conquest NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 28 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 29 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 30 ' ' `` cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 31 ' ' `` cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 32 Great great JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 33 White White NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 34 Plague Plague NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 35 ' ' '' cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 36 ' ' '' cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 37 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 38 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 39 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 40 previously previously RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 41 incurable incurable JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 42 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 43 associated associate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 44 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 45 up up IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 46 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 47 50 50 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 48 % % NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 49 mortality mortality NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 50 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 51 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 52 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 53 sight sight NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 77 54 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 1 Five five CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 2 decades decade NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 3 later later RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 5 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 6 remains remain VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 7 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 8 global global JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 9 epidemic epidemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 11 currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 12 affects affect VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 13 2 2 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 14 billion billion CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 15 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 17 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 18 1/3 1/3 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 19 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 21 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 22 's 's POS cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 23 population population NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 24 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 25 killing kill VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 26 2 2 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 27 million million CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 28 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 29 them -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 30 annually annually RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 78 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 2 World World NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 3 Health Health NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 4 Organization Organization NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 6 WHO who WP cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 8 reports report VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 9 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 10 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 11 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 12 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 13 increasing increase VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 14 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 15 1 1 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 16 % % NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 17 per per IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 18 year year NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 79 19 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 1 By by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 2 2020 2020 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 4 WHO who WP cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 5 predicts predict VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 6 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 7 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 8 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 9 1 1 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 10 billion billion CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 11 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 12 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 14 200 200 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 15 million million CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 16 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 17 who who WP cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 18 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 19 develop develop VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 20 active active JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 21 disease disease NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 22 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 23 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 24 35 35 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 25 million million CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 26 deaths death NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 27 caused cause VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 28 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 29 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 31 9 9 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 80 33 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 1 Tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 4 particularly particularly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 5 frustrating frustrating JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 6 disease disease NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 7 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 8 cure cure VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 9 because because IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 10 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 11 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 12 multitude multitude NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 13 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 14 confounding confounding JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 15 factors factor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 81 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 2 fact fact NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 4 one one CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 7 greatest great JJS cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 8 ironies irony NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 9 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 10 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 11 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 12 majority majority NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 13 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 14 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 15 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 16 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 17 treat treat VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 18 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 19 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 20 still still RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 21 very very RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 22 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 82 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 1 However however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 3 successful successful JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 4 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 5 requires require VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 7 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 8 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 9 multiple multiple JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 10 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 11 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 12 at at RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 13 least least JJS cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 14 six six CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 15 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 83 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 2 majority majority NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 4 95 95 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 5 % % NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 7 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 8 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 9 occurs occur VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 10 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 11 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 12 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 13 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 15 where where WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 16 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 17 high high JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 18 relative relative JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 19 cost cost NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 21 poor poor JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 22 accessibility accessibility NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 23 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 24 medications medication NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 26 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 27 weak weak JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 28 health health NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 29 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 30 causes cause VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 31 poor poor JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 32 compliance compliance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 33 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 34 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 35 selection selection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 36 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 37 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 38 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 39 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 40 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 41 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 42 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 43 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 44 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 45 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 46 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 47 exposed expose VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 48 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 84 49 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 1 Two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 2 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 3 thirds third NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 5 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 6 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 7 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 8 do do VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 9 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 10 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 11 access access NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 12 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 13 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 14 therapy therapy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 85 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 1 But but CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 2 even even RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 3 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 4 therapy therapy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 5 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 6 available available JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 8 properly properly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 9 utilized utilize VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 10 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 12 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 13 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 14 incompletely incompletely RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 15 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 16 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 17 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 18 multi multi JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 19 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 20 drug drug JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 21 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 22 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 23 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 24 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 86 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 2 Beijing Beijing NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 3 / / SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 4 W w NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 5 genotype genotype NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 6 strain strain NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 8 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 9 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 10 developed develop VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 11 resistance resistance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 12 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 13 both both CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 14 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 15 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 16 second second JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 17 line line NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 18 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 19 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 21 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 22 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 23 particular particular JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 24 concern concern NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 87 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 2 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 3 review review NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 4 combining combine VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 5 429,000 429,000 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 6 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 7 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 8 49 49 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 9 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 10 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 11 35 35 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 12 countries country NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 13 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 14 found find VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 16 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 17 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 18 epidemic epidemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 19 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 20 Cuba Cuba NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 22 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 23 former former JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 24 Soviet Soviet NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 25 Union Union NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 26 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 27 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 28 South South NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 29 Africa Africa NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 30 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 31 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 32 endemic endemic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 33 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 34 East East NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 35 Asia Asia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 37 10 10 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 88 39 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 1 And and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 3 estimates estimate VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 4 place place VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 6 cost cost NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 7 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 8 treating treat VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 9 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 10 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 11 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 12 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 13 $ $ $ cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 14 250,000-$750,000 250,000-$750,000 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 15 per per IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 16 patient patient NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 17 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 18 because because IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 19 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 21 extra extra JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 22 isolation isolation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 23 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 24 monitoring monitoring NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 26 medical medical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 27 supervision supervision NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 28 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 29 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 30 medication medication NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 31 costs cost NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 32 required require VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 89 33 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 1 Hence hence RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 3 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 4 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 5 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 6 renewed renew VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 7 interest interest NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 9 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 10 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 11 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 12 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 14 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 16 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 90 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 1 Current current JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 2 goals goal NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 3 include include VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 4 compounds compound NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 5 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 6 can can MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 7 successfully successfully RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 8 treat treat VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 9 active active JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 10 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 12 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 13 shorter short JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 14 period period NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 16 time time NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 17 and/or and/or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 18 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 19 less less RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 20 frequent frequent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 22 intermittent intermittent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 23 dosing dosing NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 24 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 25 compounds compound NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 26 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 27 deal deal VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 28 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 29 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 30 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 31 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 32 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 33 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 34 compounds compound NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 35 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 36 prevent prevent VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 37 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 38 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 39 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 40 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 41 risk risk NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 42 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 43 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 44 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 45 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 91 46 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 2 fact fact NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 5 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 6 Cochrane Cochrane NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 7 review review NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 8 covering cover VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 9 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 10 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 11 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 12 address address VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 14 problem problem NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 16 treating treat VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 17 latent latent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 18 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 19 infection infection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 20 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 21 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 22 exposed expose VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 23 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 24 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 25 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 26 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 27 found find VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 28 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 29 were be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 30 no no DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 31 randomized randomized JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 32 controlled control VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 33 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 34 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 35 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 36 database database NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 37 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 38 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 39 assessed assess VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 40 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 41 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 42 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 43 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 45 11 11 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 92 47 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 1 There there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 3 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 5 need need NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 6 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 7 relatively relatively RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 8 inexpensive inexpensive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 9 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 11 medicines medicine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 12 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 13 can can MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 14 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 15 given give VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 16 safely safely RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 17 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 18 antiretroviral antiretroviral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 20 ARV ARV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 22 medications medication NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 23 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 24 HIV HIV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 26 because because IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 27 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 28 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 29 growing grow VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 30 problem problem NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 31 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 32 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 33 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 34 HIV HIV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 35 co co NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 36 - - NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 37 infection infection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 93 38 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 1 One one CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 2 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 3 third third NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 6 39 39 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 7 million million CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 8 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 9 infected infect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 10 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 11 HIV HIV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 13 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 14 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 15 infected infect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 16 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 17 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 18 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 19 mostly mostly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 20 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 21 sub sub JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 22 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 23 Saharan saharan JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 24 Africa Africa NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 94 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 1 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 2 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 3 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 4 particularly particularly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 5 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 6 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 7 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 8 because because IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 9 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 11 weakened weakened JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 12 immune immune JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 13 systems system NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 15 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 16 makes make VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 17 them -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 18 more more RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 19 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 20 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 21 contracting contract VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 22 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 23 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 24 allows allow VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 25 previous previous JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 26 infection infection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 27 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 28 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 29 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 30 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 31 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 32 suppressed suppress VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 33 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 34 contained contain VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 35 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 36 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 37 immune immune JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 38 system system NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 39 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 40 become become VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 41 active active JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 95 42 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 1 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 4 leading leading JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 5 cause cause NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 6 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 7 death death NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 8 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 9 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 10 living live VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 11 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 12 HIV HIV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 13 / / SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 14 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 15 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 16 but but CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 17 treating treat VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 18 both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 19 diseases disease NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 20 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 21 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 22 difficult difficult JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 96 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 1 Many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 2 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 4 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 5 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 6 line line NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 7 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 8 medications medication NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 9 like like IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 10 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 11 cause cause VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 12 adverse adverse JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 13 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 14 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 15 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 16 reactions reaction NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 17 if if IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 18 given give VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 19 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 20 ARV ARV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 21 medications medication NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 22 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 23 because because IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 24 both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 25 utilize utilize VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 27 same same JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 28 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 29 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 30 pathway pathway NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 97 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 1 Although although IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 2 more more JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 3 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 4 40 40 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 5 years year NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 6 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 7 passed pass VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 8 since since IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 9 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 10 last last JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 11 novel novel JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 12 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 13 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 15 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 17 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 18 discovered discover VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 20 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 21 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 22 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 23 large large JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 24 number number NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 25 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 26 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 27 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 28 now now RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 29 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 30 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 31 pipeline pipeline NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 98 32 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 1 Many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 2 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 3 still still RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 5 early early JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 6 preclinical preclinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 7 stages stage NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 9 but but CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 10 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 11 discussion discussion NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 12 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 13 focus focus VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 14 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 15 those those DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 16 already already RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 17 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 19 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 20 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 21 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 22 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 23 particular particular JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 24 relevance relevance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 25 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 27 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 28 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 99 29 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 1 Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 3 4 4 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 5 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 7 methoxyfluoroquinolone methoxyfluoroquinolone NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 8 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 9 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 10 already already RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 11 available available JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 12 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 13 approved approve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 14 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 15 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 16 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 17 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 18 acute acute JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 20 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 21 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 22 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 23 community community NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 24 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 25 acquired acquire VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 26 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 27 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 28 intra intra JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 29 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 30 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 31 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 32 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 33 acute acute JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 34 sinusitis sinusitis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 35 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 36 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 37 skin skin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 38 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 100 39 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 3 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 4 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 6 DNA dna NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 7 gyrase gyrase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 9 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 10 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 11 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 12 enzyme enzyme NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 13 important important JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 14 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 15 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 16 growth growth NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 18 replication replication NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 101 19 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 3 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 4 excellent excellent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 5 safety safety NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 6 profile profile NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 8 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 9 already already RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 10 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 11 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 12 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 13 42 42 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 14 million million CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 15 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 16 worldwide worldwide RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 102 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 1 However however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 4 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 5 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 6 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 7 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 8 adequately adequately RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 9 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 10 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 11 children child NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 12 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 13 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 14 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 15 lactating lactate VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 16 women woman NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 103 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 2 vitro vitro FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 3 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 5 vivo vivo NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 6 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 7 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 8 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 9 good good JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 10 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 11 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 12 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 13 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 15 12 12 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 17 13 13 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 104 19 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 1 Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 4 minimum minimum JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 5 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 6 concentration concentration NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 8 MIC MIC NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 10 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 11 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 12 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 13 fourfold fourfold NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 14 lower lower RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 15 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 16 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 17 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 18 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 19 second second JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 20 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 21 generation generation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 22 fluoroquinolone fluoroquinolone NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 23 already already RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 24 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 25 use use NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 26 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 27 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 28 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 29 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 105 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 2 Older old JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 3 fluoroquinolones fluoroquinolone NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 4 like like IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 5 levofloxacin levofloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 6 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 7 ofloxacin ofloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 8 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 9 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 10 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 11 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 12 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 13 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 14 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 15 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 16 because because IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 17 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 18 initial initial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 19 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 20 showing show VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 21 lack lack NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 22 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 23 superiority superiority NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 24 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 25 existing exist VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 26 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 27 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 28 line line NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 29 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 106 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 2 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 3 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 5 long long JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 6 half half JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 7 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 8 life life NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 10 high high JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 11 area area NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 12 under under IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 14 curve curve NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 15 concentration concentration NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 107 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 2 murine murine JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 3 model model NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 4 study study NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 5 found find VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 6 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 7 substituting substitute VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 8 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 9 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 10 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 11 decreased decrease VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 13 overall overall JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 14 time time NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 15 necessary necessary JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 16 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 17 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 18 eradication eradication NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 19 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 20 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 21 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 108 22 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 1 Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 3 currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 5 four four CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 6 different different JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 7 Phase Phase NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 8 II ii CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 9 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 10 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 11 eight eight CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 12 countries country NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 13 -Brazil -Brazil NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 15 Canada Canada NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 17 South South NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 18 Africa Africa NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 20 Spain Spain NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 22 Tanzania Tanzania NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 23 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 24 Uganda Uganda NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 27 United United NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 28 States States NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 29 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 30 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 31 Zambia Zambia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 32 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 33 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 34 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 35 goal goal NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 36 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 37 demonstrating demonstrate VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 38 efficacy efficacy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 39 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 40 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 41 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 42 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 43 line line NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 44 component component NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 45 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 46 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 47 shorter short JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 48 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 49 standardized standardized JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 50 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 51 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 52 regimen regimen NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 109 53 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 2 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 3 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 4 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 5 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 6 substitution substitution NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 7 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 8 isoniazid isoniazid NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 9 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 10 ethambutol ethambutol NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 13 usual usual JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 14 four four CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 15 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 16 standard standard JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 17 regimen regimen NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 19 isoniazid isoniazid FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 21 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 22 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 23 ethambutol ethambutol NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 24 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 25 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 26 pyrazinamide pyrazinamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 28 during during IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 29 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 30 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 31 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 32 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 33 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 34 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 35 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 36 significantly significantly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 37 increase increase VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 38 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 39 proportion proportion NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 40 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 41 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 42 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 43 culture culture NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 44 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 45 negative negative JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 46 sputum sputum NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 47 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 48 8 8 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 49 weeks week NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 50 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 51 compared compare VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 52 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 53 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 54 standard standard JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 55 regimen regimen NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 110 56 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 1 Phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 2 II ii CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 3 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 5 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 6 expected expect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 7 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 8 complete complete VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 9 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 10 2007 2007 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 12 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 13 Phase Phase NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 14 III iii CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 15 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 16 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 17 follow follow VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 111 18 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 1 Moxifloxacin Moxifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 2 metabolism metabolism NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 3 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 4 does do VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 5 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 6 utilize utilize VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 7 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 8 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 9 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 10 P-450 p-450 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 11 system system NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 13 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 14 does do VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 15 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 16 lead lead VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 17 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 18 adverse adverse JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 19 reactions reaction NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 20 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 21 taken take VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 22 alongside alongside IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 23 ARVs arv NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 112 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 1 However however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 3 one one CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 4 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 5 study study NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 6 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 7 Italy Italy NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 8 found find VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 9 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 10 12/38 12/38 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 11 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 12 treated treat VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 13 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 14 long long JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 15 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 16 term term NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 17 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 18 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 19 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 20 developed develop VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 21 adverse adverse JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 22 reactions reaction NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 113 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 1 None none NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 2 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 4 reactions reaction NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 5 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 6 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 7 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 8 fatal fatal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 11 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 12 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 13 felt feel VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 14 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 15 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 16 safe safe JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 18 result result VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 19 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 20 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 21 success success NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 22 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 23 31/38 31/38 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 24 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 114 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 2 success success NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 3 rate rate NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 4 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 5 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 6 5/14 5/14 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 7 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 8 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 9 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 10 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 11 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 13 14 14 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 115 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 1 Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 3 5 5 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 5 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 6 another another DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 7 methoxyfluoroquinolone methoxyfluoroquinolone NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 8 that that WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 9 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 10 actually actually RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 11 furthest furth JJS cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 12 along along RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 13 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 15 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 16 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 17 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 18 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 116 19 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 1 Like like IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 2 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 5 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 6 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 7 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 8 treat treat VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 9 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 10 variety variety NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 11 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 12 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 13 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 15 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 16 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 17 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 18 globally globally RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 19 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 20 many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 21 years year NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 22 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 23 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 24 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 25 no no DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 26 interactions interaction NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 27 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 28 ARV ARV NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 29 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 117 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 1 Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 4 structurally structurally RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 5 similar similar JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 6 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 7 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 8 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 9 likely likely JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 10 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 11 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 13 same same JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 14 mechanism mechanism NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 16 action action NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 17 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 18 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 19 DNA dna NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 20 gyrase gyrase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 118 21 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 2 means mean VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 3 cross cross NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 4 - - NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 5 resistance resistance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 6 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 7 possible possible JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 8 between between IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 9 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 10 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 11 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 119 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 1 Gatifloxacin Gatifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 2 's 's POS cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 3 toxicity toxicity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 4 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 5 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 6 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 7 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 8 interaction interaction NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 9 profile profile NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 10 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 11 similar similar JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 12 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 13 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 14 's 's POS cord-347986-ds5hm731 120 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 1 Early early JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 3 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 5 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 6 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 7 shown show VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 8 gatifloxacin gatifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 9 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 10 possess possess VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 11 equivalent equivalent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 12 antituberculosis antituberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 13 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 14 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 15 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 17 similar similar JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 18 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 19 but but CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 20 slightly slightly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 21 less less RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 22 potent potent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 23 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 24 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 25 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 26 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 28 15 15 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 121 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 1 One one CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 2 murine murine JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 3 study study NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 5 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 6 gatifloxacin gatifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 7 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 8 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 9 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 10 ethionamide ethionamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 11 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 12 pyrazinamide pyrazinamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 14 could could MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 15 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 16 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 17 alternative alternative JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 18 regimen regimen NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 19 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 20 cure cure VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 21 active active JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 22 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 122 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 2 would would MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 3 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 4 important important JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 5 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 6 treating treat VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 7 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 8 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 9 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 10 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 11 resistant resistant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 12 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 13 where where WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 14 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 15 standard standard JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 16 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 17 / / , cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 18 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 19 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 20 containing contain VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 21 regimen regimen NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 22 would would MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 23 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 24 ineffective ineffective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 26 16 16 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 123 28 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 2 large large JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 3 multicenter multicenter JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 4 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 5 III iii CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 6 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 7 trial trial NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 8 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 9 currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 10 enrolling enrol VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 11 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 12 planned planned JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 13 2000 2000 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 14 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 15 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 16 South South NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 17 Africa Africa NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 18 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 19 Senegal Senegal NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 21 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 22 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 23 Benin Benin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 24 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 25 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 26 Guinea Guinea NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 27 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 28 evaluate evaluate VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 29 whether whether IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 30 using use VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 31 gatifloxacin gatifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 32 instead instead RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 33 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 34 ethambutol ethambutol NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 35 can can MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 36 shorten shorten VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 37 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 38 standard standard JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 39 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 40 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 41 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 42 adults adult NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 43 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 44 four four CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 45 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 124 46 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 2 study study NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 3 began begin VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 5 2005 2005 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 6 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 8 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 9 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 10 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 11 completed complete VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 12 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 13 2009 2009 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 15 17 17 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 125 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 1 An an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 2 additional additional JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 3 quinolone quinolone NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 4 derivative derivative JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 6 TMC207 TMC207 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 8 6 6 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 11 formerly formerly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 12 known know VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 13 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 14 R207910 R207910 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 16 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 17 currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 18 being be VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 19 studied study VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 20 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 21 Phase Phase NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 22 II ii CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 23 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 24 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 25 patients patient NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 26 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 27 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 126 28 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 4 diarylquinolone diarylquinolone NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 6 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 7 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 8 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 9 both both CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 10 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 11 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 12 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 13 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 14 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 15 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 127 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 2 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 3 murine murine JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 4 model model NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 6 appeared appear VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 7 equivalent equivalent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 8 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 9 both both CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 10 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 11 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 12 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 13 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 14 lower low JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 15 doses dose NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 17 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 18 superior superior JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 19 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 21 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 22 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 23 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 24 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 25 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 26 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 27 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 28 pyrazinamide pyrazinamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 29 bactericidal bactericidal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 30 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 31 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 32 at at RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 33 least least JJS cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 34 1 1 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 35 log log NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 36 unit unit NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 37 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 38 combined combine VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 39 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 40 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 41 higher high JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 42 dose dose NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 43 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 44 any any DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 45 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 46 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 47 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 48 three three CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 128 49 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 2 even even RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 3 appeared appear VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 5 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 6 superior superior JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 7 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 8 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 9 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 10 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 11 monotherapy monotherapy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 129 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 130 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 130 2 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 130 3 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 1 isoniazid isoniazid NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 2 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 3 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 5 TMC207 TMC207 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 6 decrease decrease NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 7 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 8 sterilization sterilization NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 9 time time NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 10 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 11 four four CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 12 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 13 less less JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 14 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 15 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 16 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 131 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 2 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 3 appears appear VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 5 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 6 directed direct VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 7 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 8 mycobacterial mycobacterial NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 9 ATP ATP NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 10 synthase synthase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 12 giving give VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 14 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 15 unique unique JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 16 mechanism mechanism NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 17 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 18 action action NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 20 compared compare VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 21 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 22 other other JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 23 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 24 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 26 including include VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 27 fluoroquinolones fluoroquinolone NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 28 like like IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 29 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 132 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 4 half half JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 5 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 6 life life NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 7 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 8 greater great JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 9 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 10 24 24 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 11 hours hour NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 13 suggesting suggest VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 14 once once IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 15 weekly weekly JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 16 dosing dosing NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 17 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 18 possible possible JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 20 18 18 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 22 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 133 23 _SP cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 1 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 3 7 7 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 5 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 7 nitroimidazopyran nitroimidazopyran NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 8 discovered discover VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 9 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 10 1995 1995 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 11 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 12 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 13 potential potential JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 14 cancer cancer NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 15 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 134 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 2 2000 2000 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 5 study study NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 6 revealed reveal VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 8 potency potency NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 9 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 10 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 11 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 13 19 19 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 135 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 4 novel novel JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 6 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 7 action action NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 8 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 9 protein protein NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 11 lipid lipid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 12 synthesis synthesis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 14 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 15 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 16 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 17 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 18 both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 19 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 20 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 21 tested test VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 23 isolates isolate NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 24 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 25 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 26 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 27 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 136 28 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 2 attacks attack VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 4 mycobacteria mycobacterium NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 5 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 6 both both CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 7 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 8 initial initial JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 10 intensive intensive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 11 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 12 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 13 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 14 therapy therapy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 15 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 16 as as RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 17 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 18 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 19 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 20 later later JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 22 continuation continuation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 23 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 137 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 2 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 3 intensive intensive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 4 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 6 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 7 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 8 bactericidal bactericidal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 9 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 10 comparable comparable JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 11 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 12 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 14 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 15 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 16 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 17 continuation continuation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 18 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 21 bactericidal bactericidal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 22 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 23 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 24 close close JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 25 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 27 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 28 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 29 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 30 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 31 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 138 32 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 1 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 2 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 3 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 4 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 5 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 6 both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 7 actively actively RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 8 replicating replicate VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 10 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 11 static static JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 13 slow slow JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 14 growing grow VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 15 mycobacteria mycobacterium NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 139 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 3 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 4 potential potential NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 5 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 6 shortening shorten VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 7 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 8 course course NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 9 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 10 therapy therapy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 12 since since IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 13 many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 14 current current JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 15 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 16 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 17 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 18 active active JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 19 against against IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 20 actively actively RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 21 replicating replicate VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 22 mycobacteria mycobacterium NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 23 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 24 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 25 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 26 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 27 spends spend VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 28 weeks week NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 29 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 30 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 31 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 33 static static JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 34 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 35 slow slow RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 36 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 37 growing grow VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 38 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 140 39 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 2 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 3 murine murine JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 4 model model NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 6 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 7 was be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 8 more more RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 9 potent potent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 10 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 11 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 12 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 13 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 14 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 15 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 16 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 17 moxifloxacin moxifloxacin NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 18 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 19 pyrazinamide pyrazinamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 21 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 22 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 23 when when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 24 all all DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 25 four four CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 26 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 27 were be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 28 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 29 together together RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 30 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 31 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 32 duration duration NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 33 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 34 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 35 could could MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 36 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 37 reduced reduce VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 38 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 39 3 3 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 40 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 41 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 42 less less JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 44 20 20 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 141 46 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 1 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 2 successfully successfully RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 3 completed complete VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 5 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 6 I -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 7 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 8 trial trial NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 9 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 10 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 11 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 12 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 13 August August NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 14 2005 2005 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 15 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 16 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 17 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 18 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 19 II II NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 20 trial trial NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 21 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 22 planned plan VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 23 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 24 later later RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 25 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 26 2006 2006 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 27 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 28 ending end VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 29 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 30 2008 2008 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 142 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 1 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 4 bioavailability bioavailability NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 6 about about RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 7 40 40 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 8 % % NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 10 single single JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 11 oral oral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 12 dose dose NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 13 rapidly rapidly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 14 travel travel VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 15 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 16 important important JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 17 target target NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 18 sites site NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 19 like like IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 21 lung lung NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 22 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 23 spleen spleen NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 143 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 1 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 2 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 3 does do VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 4 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 5 inhibit inhibit VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 6 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 7 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 8 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 9 P-450 p-450 PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 10 isoenzyme isoenzyme NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 11 system system NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 12 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 13 suggesting suggest VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 15 could could MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 16 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 17 safely safely RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 18 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 19 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 20 ARVs arv NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 22 21 21 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 144 24 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 1 There there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 3 no no DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 4 evidence evidence NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 6 genotoxicity genotoxicity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 8 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 9 such such JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 10 standard standard JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 11 tests test NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 12 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 13 Ames Ames NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 145 14 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 2 Global Global NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 3 Alliance Alliance NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 4 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 5 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 6 Drug Drug NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 7 Development Development NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 9 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 10 non non JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 11 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 12 profit profit JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 14 public public JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 15 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 16 private private JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 17 partnership partnership NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 18 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 19 directed direct VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 20 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 21 funded fund VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 22 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 23 's 's POS cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 24 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 25 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 26 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 27 obtained obtain VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 28 exclusive exclusive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 29 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 30 rights right NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 31 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 32 PA-824 pa-824 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 33 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 34 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 35 derivatives derivative NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 36 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 37 so so IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 38 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 39 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 40 technology technology NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 41 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 42 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 43 available available JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 44 royalty royalty NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 45 free free JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 46 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 47 endemic endemic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 48 countries country NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 49 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 146 50 _SP cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 1 Work work NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 3 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 4 begun begin VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 5 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 6 second second JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 7 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 8 generation generation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 9 nitroimidazoles nitroimidazoles NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 147 10 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 2 Japan Japan NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 5 nitroimidazo nitroimidazo NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 6 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 7 oxazole oxazole NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 8 OPC-67683 OPC-67683 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 10 8 8 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 12 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 13 entered enter VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 148 14 phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 3 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 4 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 5 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 6 backup backup JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 7 nitroimidazo nitroimidazo NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 8 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 9 oxazole oxazole NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 10 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 12 early early JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 13 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 149 14 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 1 Preclinical preclinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 2 data datum NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 3 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 4 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 5 encouraging encourage VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 6 so so RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 7 far far RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 9 22 22 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 150 11 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 1 Second second JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 2 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 3 generation generation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 4 nitroimidazopyran nitroimidazopyran JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 5 analogs analog NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 6 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 7 greater great JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 9 vivo vivo NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 10 potency potency NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 12 animal animal NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 13 models model NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 14 have have VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 15 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 16 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 17 identified identify VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 151 18 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 1 Sudoterb Sudoterb NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 2 belongs belong VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 3 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 4 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 5 class class NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 6 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 7 compounds compound NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 8 known know VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 9 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 10 pyrroles pyrrole NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 12 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 13 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 14 plant plant NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 15 alkaloids alkaloid NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 152 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 1 Sudoterb Sudoterb NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 3 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 4 reported report VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 5 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 6 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 7 potent potent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 8 anti anti JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 9 - - JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 10 TB tb JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 11 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 12 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 13 vitro vitro FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 14 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 15 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 16 vivo vivo NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 153 17 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 2 vitro vitro FW cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 4 sudoterb sudoterb NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 5 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 6 bactericidal bactericidal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 7 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 8 similar similar JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 9 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 10 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 11 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 12 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 13 synergistic synergistic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 14 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 15 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 154 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 2 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 3 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 4 sudoterb sudoterb NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 5 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 6 isoniazid isoniazid NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 8 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 10 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 11 pyrazinamide pyrazinamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 12 led lead VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 13 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 14 complete complete VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 15 sterilization sterilization NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 16 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 17 both both CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 18 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 19 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 20 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 21 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 22 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 23 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 24 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 25 mice mouse NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 26 within within IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 27 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 28 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 29 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 30 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 31 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 32 combination combination NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 33 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 34 rifampin rifampin NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 35 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 36 pyrazinamide pyrazinamide NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 37 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 38 cured cure VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 39 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 40 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 41 all all DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 42 animals animal NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 43 after after IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 44 three three CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 45 months month NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 155 46 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 1 Sudoterb Sudoterb NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 2 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 3 good good JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 4 oral oral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 5 bioavailability bioavailability NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 6 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 7 once once RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 8 daily daily JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 9 dosing dosing NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 156 10 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 157 1 Phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 2 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 3 began begin VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 5 India India NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 6 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 7 2005 2005 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 9 23 23 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 158 11 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 1 The the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 2 structure structure NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 3 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 4 sudoterb sudoterb NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 5 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 6 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 7 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 8 released release VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 159 9 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 1 Currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 3 BCG BCG NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 5 Bacille Bacille NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 6 Calmette Calmette NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 7 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 8 Gue´rin Gue´rin NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 10 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 11 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 12 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 13 licensed license VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 14 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 15 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 160 16 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 4 number number NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 5 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 6 shortcomings shortcoming NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 7 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 8 among among IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 9 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 10 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 11 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 12 relatively relatively RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 13 short short JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 14 period period NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 16 protection protection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 17 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 18 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 19 poor poor JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 20 antibody antibody NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 21 stimulation stimulation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 22 response response NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 23 beyond beyond IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 24 childhood childhood NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 161 25 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 1 Since since IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 2 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 3 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 4 clearly clearly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 5 many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 6 problems problem NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 7 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 8 treating treat VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 9 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 10 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 11 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 12 point point NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 14 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 15 lot lot NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 16 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 17 effort effort NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 18 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 19 money money NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 20 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 21 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 22 focused focus VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 23 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 24 creation creation NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 25 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 26 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 27 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 28 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 29 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 30 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 31 means means NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 32 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 33 preventing prevent VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 34 future future JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 35 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 36 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 37 those those DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 38 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 39 highest high JJS cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 40 risk risk NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 41 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 42 putting put VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 43 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 44 cap cap NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 45 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 46 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 47 ever ever RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 48 increasing increase VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 49 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 50 epidemic epidemic NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 162 51 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 4 appears appear VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 6 obstacles obstacle NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 7 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 8 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 9 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 10 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 11 such such PDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 12 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 13 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 14 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 15 no no RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 16 less less RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 17 challenging challenging JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 18 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 19 those those DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 20 hindering hinder VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 21 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 22 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 163 23 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 3 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 4 know know VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 5 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 6 BCG BCG NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 7 varies vary VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 9 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 10 among among IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 11 those those DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 12 who who WP cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 13 receive receive VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 164 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 2 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 3 previously previously RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 4 been be VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 5 attributed attribute VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 6 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 7 different different JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 8 environmental environmental JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 9 factors factor NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 10 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 11 differences difference NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 12 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 14 BCG BCG NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 15 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 16 used use VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 17 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 18 create create VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 19 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 20 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 165 21 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 1 However however RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 4 recent recent JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 5 gene gene NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 6 analysis analysis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 7 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 8 found find VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 9 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 10 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 11 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 12 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 13 genetically genetically RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 14 distinct distinct JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 15 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 16 different different JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 17 parts part NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 18 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 19 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 20 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 21 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 22 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 23 evolved evolve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 24 into into IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 25 6 6 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 26 different different JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 27 lineages lineage NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 28 : : : cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 29 East east JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 30 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 31 African african JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 32 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 33 Indian indian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 34 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 35 East east JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 36 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 37 Asian Asian NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 38 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 39 Euro Euro NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 40 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 41 American American NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 42 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 43 Indo Indo NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 44 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 45 Oceanic Oceanic NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 46 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 47 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 48 two two CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 49 West west JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 50 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 51 African African NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 166 52 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 1 These these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 2 strains strain NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 3 appear appear VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 5 have have VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 6 adapted adapt VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 7 over over IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 8 time time NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 9 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 10 specific specific JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 11 human human JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 12 populations population NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 13 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 14 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 15 suggest suggest VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 16 separate separate JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 17 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 18 wholly wholly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 19 different different JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 20 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 21 might may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 22 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 23 required require VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 24 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 25 each each DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 26 region region NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 28 24 24 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 167 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 1 Those those DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 2 who who WP cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 3 receive receive VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 4 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 5 effective effective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 7 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 8 still still RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 9 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 10 develop develop VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 11 adequate adequate JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 12 protection protection NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 168 13 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 1 BCG BCG NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 3 known know VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 5 stimulate stimulate VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 6 Th1 th1 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 7 immune immune JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 8 cells cell NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 10 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 11 leads lead VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 12 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 14 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 16 protective protective JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 17 antibody antibody NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 18 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 19 drives drive VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 20 M. M. NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 21 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 22 into into IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 23 latency latency NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 24 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 25 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 26 body body NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 169 27 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 2 many many JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 3 areas area NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 6 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 7 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 9 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 10 helminthic helminthic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 11 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 12 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 13 extremely extremely RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 14 common common JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 170 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 1 Parasites parasite NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 2 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 3 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 4 Th2 th2 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 5 immune immune JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 6 cell cell NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 7 response response NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 9 usually usually RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 10 associated associate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 11 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 12 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 13 allergic allergic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 14 response response NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 171 15 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 1 This this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 2 increase increase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 3 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 4 background background NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 5 Th2 th2 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 6 response response NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 7 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 8 antagonistic antagonistic JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 9 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 10 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 11 Th1 Th1 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 12 cell cell NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 13 response response NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 14 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 15 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 16 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 17 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 18 theory theory NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 20 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 21 blunt blunt VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 22 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 23 lead lead VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 24 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 25 an an DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 26 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 27 immune immune NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 28 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 29 as as RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 30 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 31 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 32 cause cause NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 33 impaired impaired JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 34 bactericidal bactericidal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 35 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 37 25 25 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 172 39 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 3 work work NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 4 continues continue VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 5 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 6 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 173 8 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 1 A a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 2 leading lead VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 3 candidate candidate NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 4 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 5 MVA85A MVA85A NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 6 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 7 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 8 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 9 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 10 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 11 virus virus NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 12 Ankara Ankara NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 14 MVA MVA NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 16 expressing express VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 17 antigen antigen NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 18 85A. 85a. CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 19 MVA85A MVA85A NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 20 completed complete VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 21 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 174 22 Phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 3 trial trial NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 6 United United NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 7 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 8 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 9 2004 2004 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 175 10 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 1 When when WRB cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 2 given give VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 3 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 4 BCG BCG NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 5 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 6 Th1 th1 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 7 levels level NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 8 were be VBD cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 9 upto upto RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 10 30-fold 30-fold RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 11 higher high JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 12 than than IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 13 groups group NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 14 given give VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 15 MVA85A MVA85A NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 16 or or CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 17 BCG BCG NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 18 alone alone RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 20 26 26 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 176 22 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 1 Further further JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 3 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 4 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 6 United United NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 7 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 8 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 9 Gambia Gambia NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 10 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 11 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 12 progress progress NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 177 13 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 1 Another another DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 2 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 4 Mtb72F Mtb72F NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 5 / / SYM cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 6 AS02A as02a JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 7 consisting consist VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 8 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 9 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 10 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 11 fusion fusion NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 12 protein protein NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 14 Mtb72F Mtb72F NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 16 formulated formulate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 17 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 18 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 19 proprietary proprietary JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 20 adjuvant adjuvant NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 21 system system NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 23 AS02A as02a NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 25 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 26 shown show VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 27 promising promising JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 28 results result NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 29 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 30 preclinical preclinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 31 studies study NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 32 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 33 induce induce VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 34 strong strong JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 35 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 36 long long RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 37 lasting last VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 38 cellular cellular JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 39 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 40 humoral humoral JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 41 immune immune JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 42 responses response NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 178 43 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 1 In in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 2 addition addition NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 3 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 4 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 6 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 7 shown show VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 8 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 9 good good JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 10 safety safety NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 11 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 12 immunogenicity immunogenicity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 13 profile profile NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 14 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 15 Phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 16 I -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 17 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 179 18 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 1 Phase phase NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 2 II ii CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 3 trials trial NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 4 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 5 planned plan VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 6 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 7 being be VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 8 shortly shortly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 10 27 27 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 180 12 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 1 Even even RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 2 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 3 concerns concern NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 4 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 6 potential potential JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 7 efficacy efficacy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 8 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 9 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 10 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 11 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 12 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 13 may may MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 14 still still RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 15 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 16 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 17 role role NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 18 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 20 use use NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 181 21 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 1 Combining combine VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 2 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 3 use use NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 4 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 5 a a DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 6 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 7 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 8 antituberculosis antituberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 9 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 10 seems seem VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 11 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 12 augment augment VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 13 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 14 bactericidal bactericidal JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 15 activity activity NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 16 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 17 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 18 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 20 particularly particularly RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 21 with with IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 22 regard regard NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 23 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 24 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 25 slowgrowing slowgrowe VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 26 mycobacteria mycobacterium NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 28 21 21 CD cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-347986-ds5hm731 182 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 2 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 3 still still RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 4 years year NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 5 away away RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 6 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 7 actually actually RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 8 seeing see VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 9 any any DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 10 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 11 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 12 developments development NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 13 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 14 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 15 treatment treatment NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 16 actually actually RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 17 enter enter VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 19 practice practice NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 183 20 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 1 But but CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 2 if if IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 4 full full JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 5 potential potential NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 6 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 7 achieved achieve VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 8 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 9 then then RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 11 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 12 likely likely JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 13 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 14 none none NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 15 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 16 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 17 current current JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 18 first first JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 19 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 20 line line NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 21 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 22 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 23 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 24 part part NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 25 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 26 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 27 new new JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 28 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 29 optimized optimize VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 30 regimen regimen NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 31 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 32 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 33 should should MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 34 finally finally RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 35 begin begin VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 36 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 37 decrease decrease VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 38 both both CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 39 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 40 incidence incidence NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 41 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 42 tuberculosis tuberculosis NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 43 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 44 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 45 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 46 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 47 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 48 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 49 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 50 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 184 51 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 2 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 3 clear clear JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 4 that that IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 5 although although IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 6 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 9 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 10 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 11 both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 12 avian avian JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 13 influenza influenza NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 14 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 15 MDR MDR NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 16 - - HYPH cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 17 TB TB NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 18 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 19 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 20 underway underway JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 21 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 22 there there EX cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 23 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 24 so so RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 25 much much RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 26 more more JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 27 that that DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 28 needs need VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 29 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 30 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 31 done do VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 185 32 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 1 Currently currently RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 4 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 5 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 6 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 7 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 8 which which WDT cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 9 is be VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 10 most most RBS cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 11 affected affect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 12 by by IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 13 both both DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 14 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 15 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 16 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 17 ; ; : cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 18 yet yet CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 19 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 20 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 21 drugs drug NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 22 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 23 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 24 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 25 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 26 being be VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 27 optimized optimize VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 28 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 29 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 30 areas area NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 186 31 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 1 Drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 2 regimens regimen NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 3 need need VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 4 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 5 be be VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 6 shorter short JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 7 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 8 simpler simple JJR cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 9 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 10 not not RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 11 only only RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 12 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 13 make make VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 14 them -PRON- PRP cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 15 affordable affordable JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 16 to to IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 17 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 18 population population NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 19 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 20 risk risk NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 21 but but CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 22 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 23 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 24 prevent prevent VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 25 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 26 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 27 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 28 drug drug NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 29 resistance resistance NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 187 30 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 1 Vaccines vaccine NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 2 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 3 more more RBR cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 4 widespread widespread JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 5 efficacy efficacy NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 6 are be VBP cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 7 also also RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 8 needed need VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 9 to to TO cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 10 protect protect VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 11 as as RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 12 well well RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 13 as as IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 14 prevent prevent VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 15 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 16 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 17 from from IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 18 becoming become VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 19 global global JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 20 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 188 21 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 1 Hopefully hopefully RB cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 2 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 3 this this DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 4 review review NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 5 has have VBZ cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 6 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 7 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 8 impact impact NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 9 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 10 all all DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 11 mankind mankind NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 12 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 13 emerging emerge VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 14 infections infection NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 15 in in IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 16 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 17 developing develop VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 18 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 19 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 20 will will MD cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 21 stimulate stimulate VB cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 22 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 23 development development NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 24 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 25 approaches approach NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 26 aimed aim VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 27 at at IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 28 addressing address VBG cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 29 these these DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 30 issues issue NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 31 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 32 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 33 people people NNS cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 34 affected affect VBN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 35 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 36 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 37 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 38 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 39 entire entire JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 40 world world NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 189 41 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 1 European European NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 2 Concerted Concerted NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 3 Action Action NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 4 on on IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 5 New New NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 6 Generation Generation NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 7 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 8 Markers Markers NNPS cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 9 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 10 Techniques Techniques NNPS cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 11 for for IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 12 the the DT cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 13 Epidemiology Epidemiology NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 14 and and CC cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 15 Control Control NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 16 of of IN cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 17 Tuberculosis Tuberculosis NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 18 Abstract Abstract NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 19 F-1467 F-1467 NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 20 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 21 45th 45th JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 22 ICAAC ICAAC NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 23 Abstract Abstract NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 24 F-1116 f-1116 NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 25 , , , cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 26 44th 44th JJ cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 27 ICAAC ICAAC NNP cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 28 Proc proc NN cord-347986-ds5hm731 190 29 . . . cord-347986-ds5hm731 191 1 Acad Acad NNP