id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-323467-ifwjvvjj	Beaver, Annabelle	Invited review: A systematic review of the effects of early separation on dairy cow and calf health	2019-07-31		.txt	text/plain	10070	493	51	A limiting factor in many of the cross-sectional studies presented in this review is the absence of a temporal relationship between Johne's diagnosis and the impleListed for each study are country, breed of cattle, study design, groups compared (in reference to length of cow-calf contact), total number of calves sampled, the number of herds included (and groups within herds where applicable), the type of herd, the diagnostic(s) used, and the authors' conclusion and direction of effect (with + signifying a beneficial effect of suckling or cow-calf contact, − signifying a negative effect, and = representing no difference. Official Johne's disease control programs frequently describe the risks associated with allowing the calf to suckle and remain within the maternity area, or directly recommend immediate separation of cow and calf following parturition; such programs include the Three Step Calf Rearing Plan of Australia (Animal Health Australia, 2016), the Voluntary Bovine Johne's Disease Control Program of the United States (USDA, 2010), and several regionspecific Canadian programs [such as the Atlantic Veterinary College (2015) Johne's Disease Initiative, which deems calf nursing to be a risky practice, even within test-negative herds].	./cache/cord-323467-ifwjvvjj.txt	./txt/cord-323467-ifwjvvjj.txt