id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-006818-2lclcf1x	Tibary, A.	Reproductive emergencies in camelids	2008-06-02		.txt	text/plain	12124	687	44	The objective of the present paper is to review the most common reproductive emergencies in male, female, and neonatal camelids. Pregnant females may present with a variety of emergency clinical syndromes, ranging from severe colic, downer (lateral or sternal continuous recumbency), anorexia, diarrhea, depression, neurologic conditions, excessive straining, vaginal discharge, premature lactation, vulvar dilation, or vaginal prolapse. Difficulties encountered in transrectal evaluation for uterine torsion include physical limitations, particularly in alpacas (tight anal sphincter, narrow pelvis and size of the examiner's hand and arm), as well as a lack of experience palpating late-pregnant camelids in a sternal position. Regarding obstetrical procedures, there are three major differences between camelids and ruminants: (1) the pelvic inlet is narrower; (2) the cervix and vaginal are more prone to laceration and severe inflammation (often leading to adhesions); (3) risks for neonatal hypoxia and death are increased by the forceful uterine and abdominal contractions and the rapid detachment of the microcotyledonary placenta.	./cache/cord-006818-2lclcf1x.txt	./txt/cord-006818-2lclcf1x.txt