Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 43 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14326 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 49 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 emergency 14 Emergency 11 patient 7 COVID-19 5 disaster 3 surgical 3 United 3 EMS 3 Department 2 treatment 2 training 2 table 2 study 2 result 2 occur 2 method 2 injury 2 group 2 department 2 conclusion 2 clinical 2 case 2 University 2 TBI 2 States 2 ICU 2 Hospital 2 Health 2 Ebola 1 year 1 wound 1 uterine 1 time 1 surgery 1 sign 1 severe 1 score 1 saving 1 risk 1 retrospective 1 response 1 resident 1 reproductive 1 rate 1 power 1 place 1 pediatric 1 outbreak 1 old 1 objective Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 5503 patient 4512 % 2636 emergency 1529 study 1517 injury 1395 case 1338 result 1200 time 1142 hospital 1136 trauma 1111 care 1103 risk 1063 method 1051 treatment 975 group 949 p 939 disaster 919 year 876 rate 874 management 837 fracture 808 level 806 health 780 day 769 conclusion 730 system 702 datum 697 blood 652 pain 627 analysis 625 outcome 624 response 622 age 621 use 613 mortality 587 sign 566 disease 558 department 549 training 526 number 520 area 516 diagnosis 505 surgery 505 score 505 physician 500 hour 499 objective 482 country 480 effect 472 period Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 1358 ED 437 Emergency 420 • 413 al 371 CT 350 et 329 mg 279 kg 270 CI 261 IV 244 Ebola 223 EMS 209 COVID-19 206 UN 197 Health 185 United 185 Department 181 US 168 Hospital 162 EM 151 University 151 C 141 States 131 Disaster 131 . 129 Bank 127 Government 123 Medical 121 Trauma 121 ICU 116 ISS 113 China 109 World 108 LOS 105 General 104 CPR 103 January 102 Medicine 102 International 102 Background 98 Center 95 National 91 March 87 IQR 86 TBI 85 EDs 84 Management 83 ± 82 Japan 77 SD Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 1271 we 1125 it 519 they 194 them 183 i 151 he 127 you 84 she 39 themselves 32 us 32 itself 24 one 18 him 9 me 8 her 3 yourself 2 himself 2 enroll 1 theirs 1 oneself 1 itin 1 isap 1 herself 1 g2hx32xa 1 eitc 1 dbpia 1 110/120 1 's Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 20931 be 3413 have 1742 use 1666 include 896 perform 825 do 733 follow 709 increase 675 occur 665 provide 654 associate 653 see 640 compare 615 base 576 treat 571 identify 562 require 512 cause 506 administer 493 present 477 show 459 determine 452 develop 451 receive 442 make 431 evaluate 413 assess 412 report 409 improve 372 find 359 reduce 355 need 353 decrease 350 result 334 take 329 consider 314 prevent 314 place 304 affect 294 relate 287 lead 282 involve 277 give 250 undergo 246 admit 243 establish 234 support 232 maintain 228 know 227 describe Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1767 not 1255 - 986 clinical 971 more 960 high 872 other 793 also 714 most 701 medical 650 low 625 such 594 severe 593 surgical 572 significant 539 acute 515 well 490 however 470 first 468 patient 418 only 407 abdominal 392 non 387 respiratory 371 often 367 as 366 large 364 public 364 common 347 financial 342 primary 341 initial 335 many 330 old 329 small 324 less 324 cardiac 315 overall 314 significantly 309 mean 307 long 303 specific 291 different 290 international 290 early 288 present 288 effective 286 available 283 local 282 pediatric 272 pre Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 200 most 87 least 85 good 74 Most 62 high 43 large 33 low 22 great 17 near 13 bad 10 strong 9 safe 9 late 6 common 5 poor 5 long 5 fast 4 short 4 close 4 big 3 small 3 simple 3 northernmost 3 easy 3 early 2 weak 2 new 1 wealthy 1 testret 1 radiopalmar 1 postt 1 outermost 1 old 1 narrow 1 hot 1 costly 1 busy 1 CDSS Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 514 most 82 least 18 well 6 hard 4 worst 1 early Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 doi.org 3 www 2 www.gov.uk 2 www.cdc.gov 1 yougov.co.uk 1 www.who.int 1 www.warc.com 1 www.venice.coe.int 1 www.thelancet.com 1 www.theguardian.com 1 www.regioni.it 1 www.ready.gov 1 www.parlamento.it 1 www.oecd.org 1 www.health.org.uk 1 www.gazzettaufficiale.it 1 www.fbi.gov 1 www.citylab.com 1 www.camera.it 1 www.bbc.co.uk 1 verfassungsblog.de 1 training.fema 1 thepsychologist.bps.org.uk 1 read.oecd-ilibrary.org 1 orise.orau 1 hbr.org 1 er1.org 1 cor.europa.eu 1 apps.dtic.mil Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 8 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.07.20185819 6 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020 3 http://www 1 http://yougov.co.uk/topics/health/articles-reports/2020/05/11/brits-split-changes-coronavirus-lockdownmeasures 1 http://www.who.int/csr/en/ 1 http://www.warc.com/newsandopinion/opinion/why-stockpiling-is-not-the-crazy-selfish-behaviour-that-it-seems/3483 1 http://www.venice.coe.int/ 1 http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30183-5/fulltext 1 http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/may/03/nhs-coronavirus-crisis-volunteers-frustrated-at-lack-of-tasks?CMP=Sha 1 http://www.regioni.it/sanita/2006/02/ 1 http://www.ready.gov 1 http://www.parlamento.it/parlam/leggi/deleghe/99303dl.htm> 1 http://www.oecd.org/governance/budgeting/1902308.pdf> 1 http://www.health.org.uk/news-and-comment/news/deaths-from-covid-19-in-the-most-deprived-areas 1 http://www.gov.uk/government/news/dhsc-and-phe-statement-on-coronavirus 1 http://www.gov.uk/government/news/covid-19-government-announces-moving-out-of-contain-phase-and-into-delay 1 http://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2020/02/01/20A00737/sg> 1 http://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/activeshooter-incidents- 1 http://www.citylab.com/equity/2020/04/coronavirus-spread-map-city-urban-density-suburbs-rural-data/609394/ 1 http://www.cdc.gov/phpr/preparedness_month.htm 1 http://www.cdc.gov/NCIDOD/SARS/factsheet.htm 1 http://www.camera.it/temiap/documentazione/temi/pdf/1203754.pdf?_1588279335853> 1 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-52243179 1 http://verfassungsblog.de/emergency-and-risk-in-comparative-public-law/> 1 http://training.fema 1 http://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/dont-personalise-collectivise 1 http://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/view/?ref=128_128287-5agkkojaaa&title=The-territorial-impact-of-covid-19managing-the-crisis-across-levels-of-government> 1 http://orise.orau 1 http://hbr.org/2020/03/lessons-from-italys-response-to-coronavirus#comment-section> 1 http://er1.org 1 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2020.05.018 1 http://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-018-1058-9 1 http://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-018-1033-5 1 http://doi.org/10 1 http://cor.europa.eu/en/engage/studies/Documents/ 1 http://apps.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA403148 Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 % were male 13 % were female 9 patients did not 7 patients were more 6 patient is able 5 patient is not 5 patients were male 5 treatment is largely 4 % were emergency 4 % were males 4 ed base excess 4 patients do not 4 patients receiving prehospital 4 patients were female 4 patients were then 4 rates were not 3 % did not 3 % increased skin 3 % was male 3 % were white 3 fracture is present 3 groups did not 3 hospitals did not 3 injuries are common 3 patient is stable 3 patient was conscious 3 patient was hemodynamically 3 patient was immediately 3 patients are increasingly 3 patients requiring emergency 3 patients were eligible 3 patients were hemodynamically 3 patients were randomly 3 rate was higher 3 studies using nfcs 3 study are available 3 study using data 3 system using ai 3 treatment is necessary 3 year follow up 2 % had diabetes 2 % having higher 2 % were bedridden 2 % were black 2 % were caucasian 2 % were men 2 % were mobile 2 % were older 2 % were willing 2 blood is not Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 blood is not available 2 groups was not statistically 2 patient is no longer 2 rates were not significantly 1 care are not reachable 1 care is not accurately 1 care is not yet 1 cases have no recurrence 1 data did not directly 1 ed saw no significant 1 emergency is not always 1 fracture was not yet 1 fractures are not always 1 fractures is not much 1 group had no effective 1 group had no significant 1 group received no apneic 1 group received no treatment 1 group showed no difference 1 groups were not significantly 1 groups were not statistically 1 hospital was not enough 1 hospitals are not adequately 1 hospitals had no manuals 1 hospitals were not able 1 hospitals were not adequately 1 injuries are not always 1 injuries are not uncommon 1 injury is not uncommon 1 management are not adequate 1 management was not excellent 1 methods are not practical 1 pain are not as 1 pain is not well 1 pain was not adequately 1 patient is not actively 1 patient is not critical 1 patient is not depressed 1 patient is not symptomatic 1 patient reports no pain 1 patients are not typical 1 patients found no statistically 1 patients had no posterior 1 patients had no significant 1 patients is not simply 1 patients reported no prior 1 rate showed no difference 1 rates were not statistically 1 results is not constant 1 risk do not typically A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-016840-p3sq99yg author = Bales, Connie Watkins title = Minimizing the Impact of Complex Emergencies on Nutrition and Geriatric Health: Planning for Prevention is Key date = 2008-09-09 keywords = States; United; emergency; food; health; old summary = Complex emergencies (CEs) can occur anywhere and are defined as crisis situations that greatly elevate the risk to nutrition and overall health (morbidity and mortality) of older individuals in the affected area. The major underlying threats to nutritional status for older adults during CEs are food insecurity, inadequate social support, and lack of access to health services. Any of a number of crisis situations that greatly elevate the health risk of individuals in the affected area; examples are natural disasters like floods and earthquakes; urban health emergencies like fires, epidemics, and blackouts; and terrorist acts like massive bombings or poisonings of food or water supplies. Examples include natural disasters like floods and earthquakes, urban health emergencies like fires, epidemics and blackouts, and terrorist acts like massive bombings or poisonings of food or water supplies (see Table 29 .2). doi = 10.1007/978-1-60327-385-5_29 id = cord-337665-roelk7i5 author = Bhattacharjee, Hemanga K. title = Emergency Surgery during COVID-19: Lessons Learned date = 2020-09-30 keywords = covid-19; emergency; patient summary = Result Two patients from "red zones" for COVID-19 pandemic presented with acute abdomen, one a 64-year male, who presented with perforation peritonitis and another, a 57-year male with acute intestinal obstruction due to sigmoid volvulus. Result Two patients from "red zones" for COVID-19 pandemic presented with acute abdomen, one a 64-year male, who presented with perforation peritonitis and another, a 57-year male with acute intestinal obstruction due to sigmoid volvulus. Conclusion Surgeons need to adapt to safely execute emergency surgical procedures during this period of COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion Surgeons need to adapt to safely execute emergency surgical procedures during this period of COVID-19 pandemic. Emergency surgical procedures are time sensitive and require prompt decisions, but during this pandemic, the decision making becomes more difficult as the symptoms can overlap with potential SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2) infection and there is a potential community spread of the infection. The patient was shifted to general ward on the next day evening after his COVID-19 test report came out as negative. doi = 10.1055/s-0040-1716335 id = cord-009181-23w2r74p author = Burstein, Jonathan L. title = You Shall Not Stand By date = 2007-04-21 keywords = Emergency summary = The threat of pandemic influenza or other very-large-scale natural, accidental, or terrorist-caused disasters has challenged society to develop methods to provide large-scale, long-term health care surge capacity. As the authors note, for example, the federal government has established the Emergency System for Advance Registration of Volunteer Health Professionals. Under the Emergency System for Advance Registration of Volunteer Health Professionals, those not enrolled pre-event have no way to offer their services once a disaster strikes. For example, in a true pandemic, it is hard to imagine that a willing and knowledgeable person would be turned away, but that may occur if he or she did not sign up for the Emergency System for Advance Registration of Volunteer Health Professionals program, perhaps "years ago." We need to accept, plan for, and support the universal impulse of health care personnel to help. doi = 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.01.001 id = cord-317588-yxu8m55m author = Calvello Hynes, Emilie J. title = Emergency Care Systems: The Missing Link for Effective Treatment of COVID-19 in Africa date = 2020-07-14 keywords = emergency summary = This short letter reviews the key role emergency medicine plays in epidemic disease response and actions that ministries of health can take now to shore up gaps in emergency care capacity to avoid needless death and suffering of COVID-19 patients. 2 During the current pandemic, emergency departments have been highlighted as mission critical locations to screen for syndromic disease, isolate and protect patients and health care workers, triage, and provide immediate care for emergency conditions associated with COVID-19, such as respiratory failure and shock. While emergency care systems are necessary for a successful health sector response, they remain inadequately supported in low-and middle-income countries. 4 Targeted capacity augmentation for emergency departments is necessary now to avoid excess mortality from the expected surge in COVID-19 cases in Africa. Emergency care systems for universal health coverage: ensuring timely care for the acutely ill and injured doi = 10.1017/dmp.2020.239 id = cord-010477-g754gjvh author = Carney, Kevin P. title = A Front-end Redesign With Implementation of a Novel “Intake” System to Improve Patient Flow in a Pediatric Emergency Department date = 2020-02-27 keywords = Emergency; patient summary = Key process elements included (1) new Flow Nurse/EMT roles, (2) elimination of traditional registration and triage processes, (3) immediate "quick registration" and nurse assessment upon walk-in, (4) direct-bedding of patients, and (5) a novel "Intake" system staffed by a pediatric emergency medicine physician. CONCLUSIONS: Using quality improvement and Lean methodology, an inter-professional team decreased door-to-provider times and LWBS rates in a large pediatric ED by redesigning its front-end processes and implementing a novel pediatric emergency medicine-led Intake system. Strategies employed to improve the front-end processes include the abolishment of traditional nurse-led triage, "split-flow" models that create separate patient streams depending on each individual''s particular care needs, direct-bedding of patients, and placing providers in triage. Using QI and Lean methodology, an inter-professional team in a large, tertiary-care pediatric ED designed and implemented a novel front-end system and significantly improved patient flow by decreasing door-to-provider times 49% and LWBS rates by over 50%. doi = 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000263 id = cord-333209-f6xja3v2 author = Castner, Jessica title = Special Disaster Issue date = 2020-08-19 keywords = disaster; emergency summary = In addition to offering a sincere and heartfelt tribute to emergency nurses and other health care personnel who have lost their lives to COVID-19, the purpose of this editorial is to briefly relay a surge planning model 2 and the collection of all-hazard disaster manuscripts published in this issue of JEN. Imagine how preparedness would increase if every member of the emergency care team, at every level and in every role, reviewed the domains of focus ( Figure 2 , right column) and contributed to or felt ownership of disaster preparedness problemsolving ideas and actions within their scope of practice: case definitions, testing capability and logistics, personal protective equipment and isolation precautions, triage and cohorting, clinical protocols, staff health concerns and optout, clinician well-being, communication/coordination, surge planning, and scarce resource allocation. Patient and clinician mental health and well-being are also major considerations in preparedness for infectious disease surges, and we welcome emergency clinician psychosocial intervention testing manuscripts in JEN. doi = 10.1016/j.jen.2020.06.012 id = cord-022076-zpn2h9mt author = Chaffee, Mary W. title = The Role of Hospitals in Disaster date = 2009-05-15 keywords = disaster; emergency; hospital; response summary = An effective hospital emergency management program guides the development and execution of activities that mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from incidents that disrupt the normal provision of care. • Imagine the unimaginable: When flood waters rise in a community, when a tornado touches down and demolishes an elementary school, when a disgruntled hospital employee opens fire with an automatic weapon in the emergency department, when a passing train derails and spills toxic chemicals, or when a wildfire closes in, it is too late to update an old plan, train staff to respond effectively, check phone numbers, and stock disaster supplies. A comprehensive hospital emergency management program must address a number of critical elements to adequately protect patients and staff and permit the facility to continue to operate. 18 Hospitals must plan for providing mental health services to disaster victims but must also consider the needs-acute and long-term-of the hospital staff who attempt to respond to an overwhelming event. doi = 10.1016/b978-0-323-03253-7.50012-1 id = cord-022736-38q8jbcl author = Coppola, Damon P. title = Participants – Multilateral Organizations and International Financial Institutions date = 2015-02-06 keywords = Bank; Disaster; Emergency; FAO; NATO; OCHA; Reduction; UNDP; UNHCR; UNICEF; United; WFP; World summary = • Incorporating long-term risk reduction and preparedness measures in normal development planning and programs, including support for specific mitigation measures where required; • Assisting in the planning and implementation of post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction, including defining new development strategies that incorporate risk-reduction measures relevant to the affected area; • Reviewing the impact of large settlements of refugees or displaced persons on development, and seeking ways to incorporate the refugees and displaced persons in development strategies; • Providing technical assistance to the authorities managing major emergency assistance operations of extended duration (especially in relation to displaced persons and the possibilities for achieving durable solutions in such cases). doi = 10.1016/b978-0-12-801477-6.00010-1 id = cord-335550-l7opl6b1 author = Coronini-Cronberg, Sophie title = Health inequalities: the hidden cost of COVID-19 in NHS hospital trusts? date = 2020-05-14 keywords = COVID-19; Emergency; NHS summary = 14 Both the restriction of non-urgent clinical services and the precipitous decline in Emergency Department attendances will affect marginalised groups disproportionately by restricting access to care 6 and therefore exacerbating health inequalities. In terms of public messaging, although some channels are beginning to nuance advice, such as ''for lifethreatening emergencies, call 999 for an ambulance'', there is an urgent need to communicate clearly and in lay language so that those with emergency health needs should continue to attend Emergency Departments or use other NHS services such as general practices and urgent care centres. 16 To address this, NHS employers have been mandated to increase testing to support staff retention, 17 provide more comprehensive personal protective equipment 18 and clearly communicate pay arrangements for instances of self-isolation. 34 As the first deaths among clinicians are announced with a disproportionate number of deaths in health professionals from minority ethnic backgrounds, there will be intense post hoc scrutiny of systematic differences between groups and whether the NHS adequately protected its staff. doi = 10.1177/0141076820925230 id = cord-335163-gy1ck66p author = Damien, Nagi M. title = Teaching emergency medicine in a dental school during the time of COVID‐19 date = 2020-07-21 keywords = emergency summary = Students in smalls groups are required to attend a 4-hour scheduled problem-based learning session that covers basic management of various medical emergencies and a lab that focuses on setting up an emergency cart and hands-on practice of ventilation, intubation, and the administration of intravenous (IV) lines. Challenges with in-person delivery of the Emergency Procedures II course were addressed by hosting problembased learning sessions and live demonstrations of starting an IV ( Figure 1 ) and airway management using manikins ( Figure 2 ) via WebEx 1 to students in small groups. Prior to attending the sessions, students were required to view Malamed 2 videos on basic management of various medical emergencies provided on Canvas. Didactics in the Dental Emergencies course were presented via WebEx and an exit quiz was administered using Canvas after the completion of each lecture. doi = 10.1002/jdd.12322 id = cord-311829-pkcugj56 author = Despard, Mathieu R. title = Why Do Households Lack Emergency Savings? The Role of Financial Capability date = 2020-05-19 keywords = NFCS; Sherraden; emergency; financial; saving summary = Guided by Sherraden (2013) model of financial capability, we expand on prior research that examines the role of financial knowledge by incorporating additional factors and testing income interactions to explain a greater proportion of variance concerning whether or not households have money set aside for emergencies. Concerning having an emergency fund, Sherraden''s (2013) model might posit that individuals need to understand the importance of saving for emergencies (financial knowledge), have budgeting and financial planning skills to ensure income can exceed expenses at least periodically to enable deposits (financial skills), and easy access to affordable savings accounts to enable asset accumulation. Three of the four financial capability constructs-subjective financial knowledge, financial confidence, and savings account ownership-are stable and statistically significant predictors of having an emergency fund across all four study years and for all income levels. doi = 10.1007/s10834-020-09679-8 id = cord-332110-6fmc5mbs author = Drury, John title = COVID‐19 in context: Why do people die in emergencies? It’s probably not because of collective psychology date = 2020-06-16 keywords = COVID-19; emergency summary = Examining the evidence in emergencies suggests three main reasons why there are avoidable fatalities: (1) under-reaction to threat, (2) systemic factors, and (3) mismanagement. We then examine how far they help us understand what has happened in the case of COVID-19 in the UK context, before discussing the real collective psychology of emergencies. Under-reaction, system, and mismanagement in the COVID-19 response in the United Kingdom Unlike fires, earthquakes, floods, and bombings, which tend to be short-term events which occur in one place, the effects of the current pandemic are dispersed in time and space. And when we examine some of the major problems in response and outcomes 9 in the COVID-19 crisis, prima facie our three-fold classification above fits better than explanations in terms of public selfishness, thoughtlessness, and over-reaction. doi = 10.1111/bjso.12393 id = cord-283368-j2vjylum author = Erika, Poggiali title = Triage decision-making at the time of COVID-19 infection: the Piacenza strategy date = 2020-05-09 keywords = COVID-19; Emergency summary = Unfortunately, with the global and severe spread of COVID-19 and the dramatically increased number of infected patients in Piacenza, despite being a relatively small city, our hospital became one of the epicentres of the Italian epidemic with 2276 cases and 447 deaths at this moment. Data reported in the literature confirmed that lung US gives results like chest CT scan and superior to chest X-ray in patients with According to the current appraisal of the WHO, we strongly believe that preventive measures and early diagnosis of COVID-19 are crucial to interrupt virus spread and avoid local outbreaks. Our experience demonstrates that in the epidemic phase of COVID-19, diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia is a real challenge for emergency physicians and point-of-care lung US can help us to early detect pulmonary and pleural findings in patients without respiratory symptoms and/or fever. doi = 10.1007/s11739-020-02350-y id = cord-026031-hnf5vayd author = Ford, Richard B. title = Emergency Care date = 2009-05-21 keywords = Box; CNS; CRI; DIC; ECG; animal; blood; care; catheter; cause; clinical; dog; emergency; figure; fluid; immediate; occur; patient; place; severe; sign; surgical; table; treatment; wound summary = Fresh whole blood Coagulopathy with active hemorrhage (disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombocytopenia; massive acute hemorrhage; no stored blood available) Stored whole blood Massive acute or ongoing hemorrhage; hypovolemic shock caused by hemorrhage that is unresponsive to conventional crystalloid and colloid fluid therapy; unavailability of equipment required to prepare blood components Packed red blood cells Nonregenerative anemia, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, correction of anemia before surgery, acute or chronic blood loss Fresh frozen plasma Factor depletion associated with active hemorrhage (congenital: von Willebrand''s factor, hemophilia A, hemophilia B; acquired: vitamin K antagonist, rodenticide intoxication, DIC); acute or chronic hypoproteinemia (burns, wound exudates, body cavity effusion; hepatic, renal, or gastrointestinal loss); colostrum replacement in neonates Frozen plasma Acute plasma or protein loss; chronic hypoproteinemia; (contains stable colostrum replacement in neonates; hemophilia B and clotting factors) selected clotting factor deficiencies Platelet-rich plasma* Thrombocytopenia with active hemorrhage (immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, DIC); platelet function abnormality (congenital: thrombasthenia in Bassett hounds; acquired: NSAIDs, other drugs) Cryoprecipitate doi = 10.1016/b0-72-160138-3/50002-3 id = cord-316620-zfhfgwsm author = Gui, Li title = Prehospital Emergency Care in Shanghai: Present and Future date = 2012-10-06 keywords = EMS; Emergency; Shanghai summary = Responses to major incidents including public health emergencies and natural disasters are also discussed, with the intention of highlighting future directions in emergency medical services, as well as the influence of international trends in emergency patient care. Discussion: Although Shanghai has the most advanced dispatch system in China (equipped with a Global Positioning System, Global Information System, and more) and can be expanded quickly in case of mass casualty incidents, there is, as yet, no uniform Emergency Medical Service (EMS) dispatching for the entire city. Discussion: Although Shanghai has the most advanced dispatch system in China (equipped with a Global Positioning System, Global Information System, and more) and can be expanded quickly in case of mass casualty incidents, there is, as yet, no uniform Emergency Medical Service (EMS) dispatching for the entire city. doi = 10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.02.067 id = cord-340153-q0zmnq26 author = Ha, Kyoo-Man title = Examining professional emergency managers in Korea date = 2016-09-23 keywords = Korea; disaster; emergency; manager summary = This study uses qualitative content analysis of government policies, college curricula, nongovernmental organizations'' (NGOs'') emergency-manager certification, and mass media coverage to compare emergency managers'' unidisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches. As for the study''s international implications, developing nations may consider the enhancement of related educational curricula, collaborative learning, continuous evaluation, disaster awareness, and disaster prevention for the emergency managers'' multidisciplinary approach. This means that Korea has much room for improvement in this field and can learn from examples and practices by developed nations such as the whole community approach in the United States, the establishment of integrated emergency management system in United Kingdom, the role of small-scale voluntary organizations in Japan, among others. We maintain that Korea has to change its emergency managers'' unidisciplinary status to multidisciplinary status, and given Korea''s own experience, the international community must address the need to change related educational curricula, collaborative learning, and sustainable evaluation. doi = 10.1016/j.eiar.2016.09.004 id = cord-103214-3lz33pj3 author = Kortuem, S. O. title = The Role of the Emergency Department in Protecting the Hospital as a Critical Infrastructure in the Corona Pandemic Strategies and Experiences of a Rural Sole Acute-Care Clinic date = 2020-09-09 keywords = COVID-19; Department; Emergency; patient summary = An essential strategic element was a very short-term restructuring of the Emergency Department with the objectives of reducing the number of cases within the clinic, detecting COVID-19 cases as sensitively as possible and separating the patient pathways at an early stage. After establishing a pre-triage with structured algorithms, all confirmed COVID-19 cases were identified before entering the clinic and assigned to an appropriate treatment pathway. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.07.20185819 doi: medRxiv preprint As of March 27, 2020, a specially developed algorithm for case detection was established, which, in addition to broader range of clinical criteria, focuses on the regionally observable epidemiological events in risk facilities, e. 7%) of the patients, neither direct contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases nor a stay in high-risk areas or facilities could be recorded at the time of pre-triage ( Figure 6 ). At this point, the Emergency Department has the key function of identifying those patients who need treatment with the hospital resources for medical reasons and referring other cases to the outpatient sector. doi = 10.1101/2020.09.07.20185819 id = cord-313992-ogdqq3dl author = Kortuem, S. O. title = Corona-Independent Excess Mortality Due to Reduced Use of Emergency Medical Care in the Corona Pandemic: A Population-Based Observational Study date = 2020-10-28 keywords = April; COVID-19; emergency summary = Since a drift of patients with the use of other service providers is unlikely, we assume that fears of infection in overburdened hospitals, one-sided public communication and reporting, and the extent of contact restrictions have contributed significantly to the decline in case numbers and to excess mortality (collateral damage). This paper investigates changes in the use of clinical and pre-clinical structures of emergency medical care as well as effects on overall mortality in a rural supply area during the first phase of the corona pandemic (9th to 22nd calendar week 2020). Nevertheless, the results suggest that, in our supply area, secondary pandemic mortality (collateral damage) with a quantifiable excess mortality rate of more than 16% compared to the average of previous years has occurred in connection with reduced use of emergency medical structures. doi = 10.1101/2020.10.27.20220558 id = cord-280983-95574k6h author = Kudo, Daisuke title = A survey on infection control in emergency departments in Japan date = 2018-07-30 keywords = department; emergency summary = METHODS: A total of 517 hospitals certified as educational institutions for board‐certified acute care physicians in Japan were requested between March and May 2015 to provide a written evaluation of the infection control in the emergency department. Among 250 hospitals having emergency department manuals, 115 (46.0%) did not include contents regarding disinfection and sterilization for imaging examination rooms, and only 44 (17.6%) had criteria for contacting the emergency medical service when patients are suspected of, or diagnosed with, communicable diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM)-certified hospitals have infection control manuals for the emergency department, and to investigate manual contents, consulting systems, and isolation facilities. A total of 517 hospitals certified as educational institutions for board-certified acute care physicians in Japan (JAAM-certified hospitals) received a written request between March and May 2015 to provide written evaluation of infection control in the emergency department. doi = 10.1002/ams2.360 id = cord-331452-y5lhawqo author = Lentz, Skyler title = High-Risk Airway Management in the Emergency Department: Diseases and Approaches Part I date = 2020-05-12 keywords = Emergency; intubation; patient summary = Thus, emergency physicians must be ready to optimize and prepare for airway management in critically ill patients with a wide range of physiologic challenges. Objective This narrative review presents an evidence-based approach to airway and patient management during endotracheal intubation in challenging cases commonly encountered in the emergency department. Those with high risk features including severe metabolic acidosis; shock and hypotension; obstructive lung disease; pulmonary hypertension, right ventricle failure, and pulmonary embolism; and severe hypoxemia must be managed with airway expertise. 2-4 However, 28 emergency physicians must be able to prepare for and manage critically ill patients with a wide 29 range of physiologic challenges in the peri-intubation setting. Emergency clinicians are experts in airway management and routinely encounter critically ill 457 patients with pre-and post-intubation physiologic challenges associated with adverse events. doi = 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.05.008 id = cord-278083-ut2ssdbz author = Li, Juan title = A comparative study of international and Chinese public health emergency management from the perspective of knowledge domains mapping date = 2020-10-02 keywords = China; PHEM; chinese; emergency summary = title: A comparative study of international and Chinese public health emergency management from the perspective of knowledge domains mapping Figure 7 shows that the top 10 keywords ranked by citation count for the international database were public health (297), preparedness (215), emergency preparedness ( preparedness and monitoring for public health events, while Chinese research mainly focuses on analysis and disposition (Additional file 1: Table S5, Table S6 , and Figure S3 ). To further explain the above research hotspots, the top 8 cited articles are shown in Tables 2 and 3 article Elevated blood lead levels in children associated with the flint drinking water crisis: a spatial analysis of risk and public health response was the most cited (372) international article [43] followed by The 2006 California Heat Wave: Impacts on Hospitalizations and Emergency department visits [44] . doi = 10.1186/s12199-020-00896-z id = cord-319890-t7tcvkd3 author = Liu, Yuchen title = Analysis of operation procedure and effect for emergency surgery in general hospital during novel coronavirus pneumonia period date = 2020-08-26 keywords = NCP; emergency summary = METHODS: The data of patients with incarcerated hernia admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital during NCP epidemic were analyzed and compared with those in 2019. However, the emergency treatment of incarcerated hernia was still in accordance with the emergency surgery [6] , and relevant admission process (Fig.1) and surgical protection management (Fig.2 ) measures were formulated in order to avoid nosocomial infection, while solving emergency surgery, protect the life and health of patients and medical staffs. During the epidemic period, all patients with incarcerated hernia had no nosocomial infection after being admitted to hospital for operation, and the treatment effect was positive. The protective process and therapeutic effect of emergency hernia operation during NCP epidemic in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital was reported. The increased waiting time for operation due to NCP screening did not threaten medical safety of emergency incarcerated hernia patients. The increased waiting time for operation due to NCP screening did not threaten medical safety of emergency incarcerated hernia patients. doi = 10.1186/s12893-020-00852-2 id = cord-284454-malfatni author = McCall, W. Travis title = Caring for Patients From a School Shooting: A Qualitative Case Series in Emergency Nursing date = 2020-08-19 keywords = emergency; nurse; patient summary = [5] [6] [7] [8] Therefore, providing care to patients who are injured during school-associated shooting events is likely to be particularly stressful for emergency nurses. The purpose of this study was to learn how emergency nurses describe their experiences to identify themes and findings that may translate to practices for improving the mental health and wellness of emergency nurses who care for patients from a multicasualty, school-associated shooting incident. Another participant predicted that community or critical access emergency departments receiving patients from a multicasualty school shooting event may experience even greater emotional challenges because these departments are more likely to have staff who may personally know the victims or their families. Learning from emergency nurses who care for patients from a multicasualty, school-associated shooting event may promote personal and departmental preparedness and improve coping and recovery among the involved clinicians. doi = 10.1016/j.jen.2020.06.005 id = cord-347135-g2hx32xa author = Miller, Elaine title = Dealing with Uncertainty: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 date = 2020-06-10 keywords = disaster; emergency summary = • In large scale disasters or emergency situations, whether natural (e.g., pandemic, hurricanes), environmental (e.g., Deepwater Horizon oil spill) or traumatic (e.g., mass shootings, World Trade Center attack), there are increases in depression, loneliness, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorders, substance abuse, along with behavioral disorders such as child abuse and domestic violence (Neria, Nandi, & Galea, 2008; Galea, Merchany, & Lurie, 2020) . In conditions such as a pandemic or other disaster/emergency situations, consistently monitoring these individuals and finding ways to provide care are critical. What have we learned that will help clients experiencing pain survive pandemics or other disaster or emergency situations? Moreover, planning is critical for persons with chronic and disabling conditions including pain, mobility, sensory, or cognitive issues (Barth, 2019; Owens, Stidham, & Owens, 2013; FEMA, 2004 · Disaster and emergency supplies must be ready and in one place prior to an actual disaster or emergency. Adults with disabilities should know the community warning system and how residents are to be notified of a potential disaster or emergency situation. doi = 10.1016/j.pmn.2020.06.001 id = cord-322541-yzum868k author = Moon, Suerie title = Will Ebola change the game? Ten essential reforms before the next pandemic. The report of the Harvard-LSHTM Independent Panel on the Global Response to Ebola date = 2015-11-23 keywords = Committee; Ebola; Emergency; General; Health; outbreak summary = doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00946-0 id = cord-346664-ilebaqx3 author = Rahul title = Non-COVID Surgical Emergency During the Nationwide Lockdown due to Corona Pandemic: a Critical Appraisal date = 2020-08-10 keywords = emergency; lockdown; patient summary = Through this study, we intend to assess any change in number and pattern of non-COVID surgical emergencies during the lockdown as well as the interventions required. Through this study, we intend to highlight the difference in patterns of patients who presented as a surgical emergency during the lockdown period (COVID outbreak). The differences in the profile and management of the patients (surgical emergencies) who were managed in the ED of the non-COVID hospital during the first month of the lockdown period and a similar period in the non-pandemic era (before January 30th in India) have been highlighted in Tables 1 and 2 . There was a marginal increase (17%) in the total number of surgical emergencies during the lockdown period, and the average distance covered by the patients to reach the hospital was around 25 km more (13% more) than the pre-COVID era, though the differences were not statistically significant. doi = 10.1007/s12262-020-02549-5 id = cord-257680-ds1y3ks9 author = Schiller, Marcus title = Management of pandemic or large-scale emergencies in Germany with a focus on the current and potential role of university schools of dentistry: Can it help in COVID-19 time? date = 2020-10-02 keywords = dental; emergency; medical summary = BACKGROUND: The study presented here systematically examines the potential involvement of dental, oral and maxillofacial centres (ZMK) in the management of pandemia or in large-scale emergencies. Taking into account previous studies, the aim of this study was thus to systematically investigate the current rate and potential increase in integration of dental medical centres at university hospitals in the emergency response plan of the hospital as a whole. Previous contingency plans for a mass casualty scenario had foreseen the fire service, Germany''s Federal Disaster Relief Agency (THW) and the Red Cross setting up and operating treatment stations at the outpatient clinic of the MHH to support the hospital. On average, the dental medical centres feature a total of 82.5 dental treatment units and 4.9 surgical rooms, which fall into the categories of minor surgery rooms, emergency operating theatres and operating theatres. doi = 10.1186/s42269-020-00427-4 id = cord-024981-yfuuirnw author = Severin, Paul N. title = Types of Disasters date = 2020-05-14 keywords = Department; Education; Emergency; Health; High; Homeland; National; Office; School; Security; States; United; agent; child; disaster; injury; occur; pediatric; table summary = The World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization define a disaster as "an event that occurs in most cases suddenly and unexpectedly, causing severe disturbances to people or objects affected by it, resulting in the loss of life and harm to the health of the population, the destruction or loss of community property, and/or severe damage to the environment. After the events of 9/11, much attention has been given to the possibility of another mass casualty act of terrorism, especially with weapons of mass destruction, that include chemical, biological, nuclear, radiological, and explosive devices (CBNRE), or other forms of violence such as active shooter incidents and mass shootings (Jacobson and Severin 2012) . Antidote therapy should be given as usual for nerve agents, including atropine, diazepam, and pralidoxime chloride (United States Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, National Library of Medicine 2019; United States Department of Health and Human Services, Chemical Hazards Emergency Medical Management (CHEMM) 2019). doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-43428-1_5 id = cord-323334-ie7iklr4 author = Tartari, F title = Changes in emergency service access after spread of COVID19 across Italy date = 2020-04-27 keywords = emergency summary = At the time of writing, our Government has passed emergency laws (March 11, 2020) , with a view to preventing widespread viral infection among the population, which may well lead to an increase in the number of people requiring intensive care unit (ICU) hospital treatment. At the time of writing, our Government has passed emergency laws (March 11, 2020) , with a view to preventing widespread viral infection among the population, which may well lead to an increase in the number of people requiring intensive care unit (ICU) hospital treatment. In the pre-COVID-19 era, 106 patients accessed our emergency outpatients'' room, whereas just 20 cases were examined after the emergency decree law. The number of unjustified accesses was 60 in pre-COVID era, 46 patients showed "true" emergencies. Five patients turned up for an unjustified consultation, while 14 showed a "true" problem (4 diffuse rashes, 7 acute infections and 3 burns). All rights reserved Accepted Article doi = 10.1111/jdv.16553 id = cord-006818-2lclcf1x author = Tibary, A. title = Reproductive emergencies in camelids date = 2008-06-02 keywords = camelid; case; emergency; female; llama; reproductive; surgical; uterine summary = The objective of the present paper is to review the most common reproductive emergencies in male, female, and neonatal camelids. Pregnant females may present with a variety of emergency clinical syndromes, ranging from severe colic, downer (lateral or sternal continuous recumbency), anorexia, diarrhea, depression, neurologic conditions, excessive straining, vaginal discharge, premature lactation, vulvar dilation, or vaginal prolapse. Difficulties encountered in transrectal evaluation for uterine torsion include physical limitations, particularly in alpacas (tight anal sphincter, narrow pelvis and size of the examiner''s hand and arm), as well as a lack of experience palpating late-pregnant camelids in a sternal position. Regarding obstetrical procedures, there are three major differences between camelids and ruminants: (1) the pelvic inlet is narrower; (2) the cervix and vaginal are more prone to laceration and severe inflammation (often leading to adhesions); (3) risks for neonatal hypoxia and death are increased by the forceful uterine and abdominal contractions and the rapid detachment of the microcotyledonary placenta. doi = 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.04.024 id = cord-265633-s3kbdxdu author = Tušer, Irena title = Emergency management and internal audit of emergency preparedness of pre-hospital emergency care date = 2020-10-01 keywords = EMS; emergency summary = The resolution of mass-casualty incidents demands of medical personnel not merely a change of attitudes, approaches and thinking and targeted lifelong education in the area of catastrophe medicine, but also the need to increase the standard of emergency preparedness in individual segments (Šín et al. The number of training exercises implemented is one of the factors that influences the state of preparedness of the emergency medical service, though the qualification, competence and level of engagement of all persons contributing to the handling of mass-casualty incidents and the quality of crisis planning documentation is a no less important factor (Šín et al. In the first direction the preparedness of the emergency medical service is assessed in individual segments of its activity following mass-casualty incidents (Tušer and Navrátil 2020; Svarcova et al. The methodological procedure described here can also be used in internal audits performed by emergency managers, who can thus assess for themselves the fulfilment of preparedness criteria for mass casualty incidents. doi = 10.1007/s11135-020-01039-w id = cord-033328-ny011lj3 author = VESE, Donato title = Managing the Pandemic: The Italian Strategy for Fighting COVID-19 and the Challenge of Sharing Administrative Powers date = 2020-09-03 keywords = Government; Regions; emergency; italian; power; risk summary = Specifically, the article argues that the administrative strategy for effectively implementing emergency risk regulation based on an adequate and correct risk assessment requires "power sharing" across the different levels of government with the participation of all of the institutional actors involved in the decision-making process: Government, Regions and local authorities. Specifically, the article argues that the administrative strategy for effectively implementing emergency risk regulation based on an adequate and correct risk assessment requires "power sharing" across the different levels of government with the participation of all of the institutional actors involved in the decision-making process: Government, Regions and local authorities. In particular, as I will claim in analysing the Italian policies (Sections IV.1.a and IV.1.b), the administrative strategy for effectively implementing emergency risk regulation in a pandemic requires power sharing across the different levels of government with the participation of all of the institutional actors involved in the decision-making process in order to adopt consistent measures based on the constant monitoring and updating of the nationwide epidemiological risk assessment. doi = 10.1017/err.2020.82 id = cord-300080-l0fyxtva author = Venkat, Arvind title = Ethical Issues in the Response to Ebola Virus Disease in US Emergency Departments: A Position Paper of the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Emergency Nurses Association and the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine date = 2015-03-10 keywords = EVD; Ebola; emergency; patient summary = With the presentation of patients with Ebola to US acute care facilities, ethical questions have been raised in both the press and medical literature as to how US emergency departments, emergency physicians, emergency nurses and other stakeholders in the healthcare system should approach the current epidemic and its potential for spread in the domestic environment. With the presentation of patients with Ebola to US acute care facilities, ethical questions have been raised in both the press and medical literature as to how US emergency departments, emergency physicians, emergency nurses and other stakeholders in the healthcare system should approach the current epidemic and its potential for spread in the domestic environment. WHAT 41 It is anticipated that patients with a confirmed EVD diagnosis will be transferred to these hospitals which will have enough PPE and other treatment requirements (isolation rooms, dedicated equipment and designated physicians, nurses and other necessary health care professionals and staff with proper training under CDC guidelines) to manage patients for at least 7 days, after which governmental agencies would assist in acquiring more supplies and expertise if needed. doi = 10.1016/j.jen.2015.01.012 id = cord-303861-qn8yifcd author = Wang, Chongjian title = Evaluating the effectiveness of an emergency preparedness training programme for public health staff in China date = 2008-05-31 keywords = emergency; training summary = Conclusions The emergency preparedness training programme met its aims and objectives satisfactorily, and resulted in positive shifts in knowledge and attitudinal/behavioural intentions for public health staff. Although the Chinese Government has already carried out a series of emergency education and training programmes to improve public health staff''s capability of emergency preparedness, it remains unclear if these training programmes are effective and feasible. Although the Chinese Government has already carried out a series of emergency education and training programmes to improve public health staff''s capability of emergency preparedness, it remains unclear if these training programmes are effective and feasible. Recognizing this, the Chinese Government carried out a series of emergency preparedness education and training programmes to improve the capability of public health staff to respond to emergencies nationwide. The results of the evaluation suggested that the emergency training strategy was effective and feasible in improving the capability of public health staff to respond to an emergency. doi = 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.08.006 id = cord-321740-5reldbrb author = Werdehoff, Steven title = Emergency Medicine Manual, Sixth Edition date = 2004-09-21 keywords = Emergency; chapter summary = Emergency Medicine On Call is a notable addition to this series, the goal of its editor being ''''to provide the house officer and student with a valuable tool to initiate effective evaluation and care of the emergency patient.'''' One hundred twenty-five presenting complaints spanning pediatrics, adult medicine, geriatrics, trauma, and toxicology are presented in an easy-to-follow format. On some subjects, such as indications for a computed tomographic scan before lumbar puncture and the benefit of dexamethasone in meningitis for adults, the latest recommendations from robust clinical trials are deftly interwoven into the text. 1, 2 However, in the chapter on head injury, the text suggests computed tomography for isolated loss of consciousness despite a major clinical trial and an American College of Emergency Physicians clinical policy recommending more restrictive indications. As in all texts with multiple authors, there is some redundancy and some failure of clinically similar chapters to complement each other. doi = 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.03.048 id = cord-011971-h78639ld author = Wood, D. Brian title = Conference Didactic Planning and Structure: An Evidence-based Guide to Best Practices from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors date = 2020-07-03 keywords = Emergency; Medicine; learning; resident summary = title: Conference Didactic Planning and Structure: An Evidence-based Guide to Best Practices from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors This paper offers expert guidelines for didactic instruction from members of the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors Best Practices Subcommittee, based on best available evidence. Authors also recommend following the Model of Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine when developing content, while incorporating sessions dedicated to morbidity and mortality, research methodology, journal article review, administration, wellness, and professionalism. 30, 31 To date, there are no objective data evaluating training level-specific didactics on learning outcomes; however, faculty and residents have been shown to view this targeted instruction positively. 66 This has been demonstrated to be an effective educational model that is positively viewed by trainees and can improve access and attendance at didactic offerings for both residents and faculty. doi = 10.5811/westjem.2020.5.46762 id = cord-348614-im7qtr9k author = Yánez Benítez, Carlos title = International cooperation group of emergency surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-10-13 keywords = COVID-19; PPE; emergency; surgical summary = These COVID-19 dedicated protocols addressed surgical team organization, operating room (OR) preparation, rational use of personal protective equipment (PPE), considerations on anesthesiology, and intraoperative management of emergency surgical pathology. Continuity performing their regular tasks was reported by 73 (54%) of the respondents, in contrast with the rest, whose newly assigned duties were to the emergency department COVID-19 triage (25%), the intensive care unit (ICU) activities (13%), or had to manage mechanically ventilated patients in the surgical ward (7%). About half (51%) of the respondents had not received training in the use of PPE for airborne infectious risk while performing emergency surgical procedures before the pandemic, and roughly over one-third (37%) had it during the studied period. This study provides an international snapshot of the level of adoption of the guidance for surgical team organization, adequacy of PPE availability and usage, OR preparation, anesthesiologic considerations, and intraoperative management of emergency surgical cases during 2 weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1007/s00068-020-01521-y id = cord-319859-6mt34av6 author = Zhou, Min title = Research on the individualized short‐term training model of nurses in emergency isolation wards during the outbreak of COVID‐19 date = 2020-08-04 keywords = COVID-19; emergency; training summary = To seek efficient nursing training mode under the epidemic situation and improve the nurses'' knowledge reserve on emergency handling and control capabilities, a combination of on-site training and online training was implemented to provide COVID-19 related knowledge on nursing operation skills and hospital infections to the nursing team in a short term. Supported by research, the comparison between online and faceto-face training, well-designed online training shows more advantages in terms of time efficiency and memory effect (Kalyuga, 2007 ; TA B L E 5 Before and after training, the nursing staff improved the COVID-19 theory knowledge, operation skills and psychological conditions Kalyuga & Sweller, 2005) , which is consistent with the results of this study. Emergency training of nursing staff is crucial on preventing the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic effectively and ensuring the operation of emergency isolation ward orderly. doi = 10.1002/nop2.580 id = cord-007354-tn90igih author = nan title = National Preparedness Month: opportunities for nurse engagement date = 2015-08-30 keywords = emergency summary = Nurses looking to become more actively involved in public health education should seek outreach opportunities in their communities. Emergency preparedness in medical facilities relies heavily on the commitment of health care workers to be properly trained and have ready access to the appropriate equipment and medical supplies. Whether preparing for a natural disaster, mass casualty event, or disease outbreak, health care workers should endeavor to keep their emergency response skills up-to-date. Nurses can also play a role in emergency preparedness on a global scale through travel and mission work. Nurses can play important roles in emergency preparedness in their community, at their facility, and globally. In emergency situations, prepared medical personnel and a well-educated public are important components to limit the extent of human injury or loss or spread of disease. Nurses are a frontline resource for educating the public because they are looked to for reliable information. MERS-CoV outbreak in Jeddah-a link to health care facilities doi = 10.1016/s0001-2092(15)00706-1 id = cord-010980-sizuef1v author = nan title = ECTES Abstracts 2020 date = 2020-05-11 keywords = AIS; Department; Emergency; Fig; GCS; Hospital; ICU; ISS; January; Japan; MCI; Progressions; REBOA; TBI; Trauma; University; case; clinical; conclusion; fracture; group; injury; introduction; material; method; mortality; patient; result; retrospective; score; study; surgery; treatment; year summary = We hypothesized that presentation to a PTC would yield increased mortality when subspecialty intervention was required and that this would be most pronounced at night when in-house attending coverage is absent at all state PTCs. Materials and methods: A review of the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) database was performed to capture patients aged 12-18 who underwent any non-orthopedic trauma surgery. Traumatic subaxial cervical fractures: functional prognostic factors and survival analysis Introduction: The main goal of this study is to identify the risk factors for poor functional outcomes and to analyze the overall survival (OS) and complications rate in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and subaxial cervical fracture (SACF) treated with open surgical fixation. After applying a multiple imputation on all the study variables, a logistic regression generalized estimating equation after adjustment for age, sex, mechanism of trauma, and the injury severity score as covariates and hospitals as a cluster assessed an association between quartile of patient volume in intensive care unit and hospital mortality. doi = 10.1007/s00068-020-01343-y id = cord-014581-pj4iv6wp author = nan title = National Preparedness Month — September 2017 date = 2017-09-15 keywords = emergency summary = authors: nan Every September, CDC, private and public health institutions, and approximately 3,000 government organizations support preparedness efforts and encourage Americans to take action before, during, and after an emergency. Every community in the United States should be ready to respond to an infectious disease outbreak, chemical or radiological release, or natural disaster (1) . This year, CDC''s Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response focuses on empowering individuals to better prepare for public health emergencies. This issue of MMWR includes a report describing a series of unannounced mystery patient drills that were conducted in New York City emergency departments to assess response to potential infectious disease threats. CDC''s evolving approach to emergency response During December 2015-May 2016, a series of unannounced "mystery patient drills" was carried out to assess New York City Emergency Departments'' (EDs) abilities to identify and respond to patients with communicable diseases of public health concern. doi = 10.15585/mmwr.mm6636a1 id = cord-020342-u8jzmloq author = nan title = Index to volume 42, January–June 2003() date = 2003-11-20 keywords = Forum; department; emergency; patient summary = Impact on hospital resources of patients with severe congestive heart failure who use the emergency department for primary care Antiemetic therapy in US emergency departments: findings from the year 2000 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey database Elevated blood lead levels associated with the consumption of moonshine among emergency department patients in Bioimpedance monitoring changes therapy in dyspneic emergency department patients: the IMPACT trial Use of ischemia-modified albumin in emergency department risk stratification of chest pain is both clinically effective and cost-effective Mathematical model of the hypoventilating patient: implications for the emergency department Clinical characteristics of emergency department patients who rule in versus rule out for pulmonary embolism by computed tomography chest angiography and indirect lower extremity computed tomography venography Role of air bags in preventing motor vehicle crash-related serious injuries: perceptions among emergency department patients Eight-hour emergency department observation for blunt abdominal trauma patients with initially negative diagnostic studies doi = 10.1016/s0196-0644(03)01106-5 id = cord-022633-fr55uod6 author = nan title = SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date = 2012-04-26 keywords = ACS; AED; Background; COPD; CPR; EMS; ETCO; Emergency; HIV; Hospital; ICU; IQR; LOS; MDD; OHCA; TBI; University; conclusion; datum; group; level; method; objective; patient; rate; result; study; time summary = Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following. doi = 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2012.01332.x