id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-029402-5gun91ep Celi, Giuseppe A fragile and divided European Union meets Covid-19: further disintegration or ‘Hamiltonian moment’? 2020-07-17 .txt text/plain 4780 226 54 Despite being symmetric in its very nature, the Covid-19 shock is affecting European economies in a very asymmetric way, threatening to deepen the divide between core and peripheral countries even more. Trying to answer these questions, we shall briefly review the institutional and structural causes of the increasing divergence between core and SP, shedding light on three momentous events: the creation of the monetary union, the 2008 financial crisis and the Covid-19 shock. To conclude, the two peripheries-the Southern one, made up of the Mediterranean economies, and the Eastern one, with the prominent role of the Visegrad countries-suffer from different fragilities, which descend from their common, albeit diverse, economic and financial dependence on the core. Special international conditionsnamely, China's huge growth, which gobbled up German capital goods and highquality durable consumer products (particularly cars), and the vigorous American recovery-supported Germany's ability to redirect its trade flows, expand its market shares outside the EMU, and make a speedy return to its pre-crisis production levels. ./cache/cord-029402-5gun91ep.txt ./txt/cord-029402-5gun91ep.txt