id sid tid token lemma pos cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 1 key key JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 2 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 3 cord-292093 cord-292093 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 4 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 5 6pp9l4j2 6pp9l4j2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 6 authors author NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 7 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 8 Li Li NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 9 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 10 Yan Yan NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 11 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 12 Liang Liang NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 13 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 14 Chao Chao NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 15 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 16 Ma Ma NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 18 Feng Feng NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 19 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 20 Wang Wang NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 22 Jiqian jiqian JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 23 title title NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 24 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 25 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 26 role role NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 27 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 28 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 29 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 30 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 31 predicting predict VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 32 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 33 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 34 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 35 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 36 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 37 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 38 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 39 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 40 date date NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 41 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 42 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 43 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 44 09 09 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 45 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 46 03 03 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 47 journal journal NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 1 48 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 1 Financ Financ NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 2 Res Res NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 3 Lett Lett NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 4 DOI DOI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 5 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 6 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 7 / / SYM cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 8 j.frl.2020.101749 j.frl.2020.101749 NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 9 sha sha NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 10 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 11 760794dbd2fe257ccbdb5e16e0ce35da575b855b 760794dbd2fe257ccbdb5e16e0ce35da575b855b NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 12 doc_id doc_id CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 2 13 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 3 1 292093 292093 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 3 2 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 3 3 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 3 4 6pp9l4j2 6pp9l4j2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 2 main main JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 3 purpose purpose NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 5 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 6 paper paper NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 7 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 8 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 9 investigate investigate VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 10 whether whether IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 12 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 13 Disease Disease NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 14 EMV EMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 15 tracker tracker NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 17 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 19 proposed propose VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 20 by by IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 21 Baker Baker NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 22 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 23 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 4 24 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 2 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 4 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 5 additional additional JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 6 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 7 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 8 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 9 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 10 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 11 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 12 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 13 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 14 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 15 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 16 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 5 17 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 2 three three CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 3 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 4 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 5 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 7 consider consider VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 8 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 9 France France NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 10 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 11 UK UK NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 12 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 13 Germany Germany NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 6 14 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 2 investigation investigation NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 3 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 4 based base VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 5 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 7 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 8 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 10 augmented augment VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 11 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 7 12 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 2 find find VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 3 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 5 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 6 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 7 stronger strong JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 8 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 9 power power NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 10 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 12 France France NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 13 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 14 UK UK NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 15 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 16 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 17 volatilities volatility NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 18 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 19 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 20 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 21 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 22 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 23 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 24 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 25 VIX VIX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 26 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 27 also also RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 28 superior superior JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 29 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 30 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 31 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 32 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 33 three three CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 34 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 35 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 36 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 37 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 38 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 39 period period NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 8 40 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 2 World World NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 3 Health Health NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 4 Organization Organization NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 6 WHO who WP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 8 officially officially RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 9 announced announce VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 11 outbreak outbreak NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 12 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 14 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 15 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 16 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 17 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 18 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 19 March March NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 20 11 11 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 22 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 9 23 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 2 outstanding outstanding JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 3 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 4 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 5 manifested manifest VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 6 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 7 unknown unknown JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 8 etiology etiology NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 9 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 10 no no DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 11 targeted target VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 12 drugs drug NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 13 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 14 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 15 lack lack NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 16 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 17 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 18 experience experience NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 19 reserves reserve NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 20 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 21 treatment treatment NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 22 methods method NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 10 23 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 1 All all DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 2 countries country NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 3 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 4 responding respond VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 5 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 6 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 7 epidemic epidemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 8 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 9 groping grope VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 11 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 2 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 3 caused cause VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 4 considerable considerable JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 5 losses loss NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 6 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 7 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 8 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 9 economy economy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 12 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 3 how how WRB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 4 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 5 deal deal VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 6 with with IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 7 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 8 impact impact NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 9 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 11 epidemic epidemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 12 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 14 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 15 economy economy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 16 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 17 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 18 hot hot JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 19 topic topic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 20 that that WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 21 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 22 been be VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 23 concerned concern VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 24 recently recently RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 26 see see UH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 27 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 28 e.g. e.g. RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 29 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 30 Ashraf Ashraf NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 31 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 32 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 33 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 34 Corbet Corbet NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 35 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 36 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 13 37 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 1 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 2 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 3 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 4 Goodell Goodell NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 5 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 6 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 7 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 8 Sharif Sharif NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 9 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 10 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 11 . . NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 12 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 13 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 14 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 15 Wagner Wagner NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 16 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 17 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 18 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 19 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 20 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 21 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 22 . . NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 23 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 24 2020a 2020a CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 14 26 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 2 modeling modeling NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 3 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 4 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 5 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 6 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 7 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 8 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 9 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 10 always always RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 11 been be VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 12 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 13 hotspot hotspot NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 14 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 15 difficulty difficulty NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 16 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 17 academic academic JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 18 research research NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 20 see see VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 22 e.g. e.g. RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 15 23 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 16 1 Wei Wei NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 16 2 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 16 3 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 16 4 . . NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 16 5 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 16 6 2010 2010 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 17 1 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 17 2 Wen Wen NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 17 3 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 17 4 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 17 5 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 1 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 2 2016 2016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 3 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 4 Hong Hong NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 5 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 6 Lee Lee NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 7 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 8 2017 2017 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 9 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 10 Ma Ma NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 11 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 12 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 13 . . NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 14 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 18 15 2019 2019 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 19 1 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 19 2 Liang Liang NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 19 3 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 19 4 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 19 5 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 1 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 2 2020a 2020a CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 3 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 4 Liang Liang NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 5 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 6 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 7 . . NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 8 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 9 2020b 2020b CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 10 ; ; : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 11 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 12 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 13 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 14 . . NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 15 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 16 2020b 2020b CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 20 18 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 1 At at IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 2 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 3 same same JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 4 time time NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 5 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 7 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 8 very very RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 9 important important JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 10 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 11 risk risk NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 12 management management NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 13 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 14 option option NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 15 pricing pricing NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 16 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 17 practical practical JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 18 applications application NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 21 19 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 22 1 Baker Baker NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 22 2 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 22 3 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 22 4 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 2 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 4 design design NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 6 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 7 Disease Disease NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 8 EMV EMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 9 tracker tracker NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 10 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 11 study study VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 12 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 13 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 14 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 15 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 16 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 17 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 18 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 19 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 20 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 23 21 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 24 1 1 1 LS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 1 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 2 addition addition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 3 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 4 an an DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 5 influential influential JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 6 study study NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 7 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 8 Buncic Buncic NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 9 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 10 Gisler Gisler NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 12 2016 2016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 14 shows show VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 15 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 16 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 17 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 18 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 19 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 20 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 21 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 22 superior superior JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 23 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 24 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 25 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 26 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 27 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 28 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 29 international international JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 30 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 31 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 25 32 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 26 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 26 2 motivation motivation NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 26 3 comes come VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 26 4 from from IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 26 5 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 26 6 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 2 main main JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 3 purpose purpose NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 5 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 6 paper paper NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 7 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 8 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 9 explore explore VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 10 whether whether IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 12 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 13 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 14 additional additional JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 15 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 16 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 17 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 18 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 19 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 20 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 21 realized realize VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 22 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 24 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 26 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 27 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 28 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 29 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 27 30 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 2 three three CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 3 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 4 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 5 indices index NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 7 consider consider VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 8 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 9 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 10 CAC CAC NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 11 40 40 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 13 FCHI FCHI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 15 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 16 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 17 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 18 100 100 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 20 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 22 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 23 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 24 DAX DAX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 26 GDAXI GDAXI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 28 28 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 2 use use VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 4 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 5 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 6 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 7 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 8 baseline baseline JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 9 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 10 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 11 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 12 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 13 consistent consistent JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 14 with with IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 15 Buncic Buncic NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 16 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 17 1 1 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 18 For for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 19 more more RBR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 20 detailed detailed JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 21 introduction introduction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 22 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 23 please please UH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 24 refer refer VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 25 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 26 Baker Baker NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 27 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 28 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 29 29 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 30 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 30 2 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 30 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 30 4 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 31 1 4 4 LS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 31 2 Gisler Gisler NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 31 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 31 4 2016 2016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 31 5 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 1 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 2 addition addition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 3 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 5 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 6 extension extension NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 7 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 8 used use VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 9 by by IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 10 Buncic Buncic NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 11 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 12 Gisler Gisler NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 14 2016 2016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 16 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 17 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 18 also also RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 19 consider consider VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 20 two two CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 21 competitive competitive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 22 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 24 i.e. i.e. FW cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 25 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 26 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 27 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 28 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 29 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 30 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 31 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 32 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 33 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 34 ALL ALL NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 36 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 37 examine examine VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 38 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 39 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 40 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 41 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 42 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 43 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 44 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 45 three three CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 46 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 47 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 48 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 32 49 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 2 out out JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 3 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 5 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 6 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 7 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 8 suggest suggest VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 9 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 11 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 12 contains contain VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 13 useful useful JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 14 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 15 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 16 predicting predict VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 17 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 18 RVs rv NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 19 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 20 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 21 FCHI FCHI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 22 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 23 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 24 indices index NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 25 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 26 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 27 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 28 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 29 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 30 while while IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 31 ineffective ineffective JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 32 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 33 German german JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 34 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 35 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 33 36 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 3 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 4 supposed suppose VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 5 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 7 whole whole JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 8 out out JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 9 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 10 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 11 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 12 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 13 periods period NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 14 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 15 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 16 VIX VIX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 17 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 18 stronger strong JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 19 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 20 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 21 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 22 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 23 three three CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 24 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 25 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 26 indices index NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 27 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 28 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 29 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 30 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 31 implying imply VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 32 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 33 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 34 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 35 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 36 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 37 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 38 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 39 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 40 still still RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 41 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 42 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 43 leading lead VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 44 position position NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 45 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 46 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 47 period period NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 34 48 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 1 Finally finally RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 4 check check VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 6 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 7 's 's POS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 8 predicted predict VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 9 performance performance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 10 each each DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 11 month month NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 12 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 14 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 15 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 16 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 17 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 18 find find VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 19 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 20 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 21 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 22 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 23 robust robust JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 35 24 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 1 This this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 2 research research NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 3 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 4 closely closely RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 5 related relate VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 6 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 7 Buncic Buncic NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 8 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 9 Gisler Gisler NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 11 2016 2016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 13 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 14 Baker Baker NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 15 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 16 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 36 17 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 37 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 37 2 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 37 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 37 4 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 2 contribution contribution NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 3 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 5 biggest big JJS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 6 difference difference NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 7 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 8 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 9 follows follow VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 38 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 1 First first RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 4 examine examine VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 6 impact impact NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 7 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 8 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 9 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 10 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 11 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 12 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 13 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 14 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 15 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 16 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 17 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 18 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 19 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 20 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 39 21 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 1 Second second RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 4 use use VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 6 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 7 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 8 predict predict VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 9 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 10 RVs rv NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 11 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 12 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 13 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 14 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 15 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 16 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 17 observe observe VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 18 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 19 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 20 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 21 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 22 superior superior JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 23 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 24 power power NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 25 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 26 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 27 FCHI FCHI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 28 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 29 FTST FTST NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 30 indices index NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 31 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 32 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 33 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 34 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 40 35 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 1 Third third RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 4 VIX vix NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 5 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 6 more more RBR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 7 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 8 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 9 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 10 three three CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 11 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 12 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 13 indices index NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 14 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 15 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 16 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 17 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 41 18 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 1 Thus thus RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 4 study study NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 5 complements complement VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 7 research research NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 8 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 9 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 10 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 11 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 12 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 13 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 14 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 15 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 16 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 18 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 19 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 20 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 21 some some DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 22 help help NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 23 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 24 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 25 participants participant NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 26 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 27 policy policy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 28 makers maker NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 42 29 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 2 remainder remainder NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 3 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 5 paper paper NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 6 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 7 organized organize VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 8 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 9 follows follow NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 43 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 1 Section section NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 2 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 3 provides provide VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 4 econometric econometric JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 5 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 6 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 7 data datum NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 44 8 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 2 present present VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 4 out out JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 5 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 6 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 7 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 8 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 9 assessment assessment NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 10 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 11 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 12 Section section NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 13 3 3 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 45 14 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 46 1 Finally finally RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 46 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 46 3 Section section NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 46 4 4 4 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 46 5 concludes conclude VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 46 6 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 47 1 5 5 LS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 47 2 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 47 3 Methodology methodology NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 47 4 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 47 5 data datum NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 2 focus focus NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 3 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 4 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 5 study study NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 6 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 7 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 8 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 9 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 10 realized realize VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 11 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 12 predictions prediction NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 48 13 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 2 related related JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 3 theory theory NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 6 realized realize VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 7 variance variance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 9 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 11 can can MD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 12 be be VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 13 found find VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 14 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 15 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 16 original original JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 17 studies study NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 18 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 19 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 20 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 21 Bollerslev Bollerslev NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 23 1998 1998 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 25 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 26 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 27 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 28 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 49 29 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 50 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 50 2 2003 2003 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 50 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 50 4 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 2 definition definition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 3 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 4 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 5 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 7 summation summation NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 8 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 9 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 10 intraday intraday NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 11 squared squared JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 12 returns return NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 13 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 14 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 15 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 16 given give VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 17 by by IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 18 where where WRB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 19 p p NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 20 t t NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 22 k k NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 23 denotes denote VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 24 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 25 kth kth JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 26 intraday intraday NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 27 price price NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 28 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 29 r r NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 30 t t NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 31 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 32 k k NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 33 denotes denote VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 34 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 35 kth kth JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 36 intraday intraday NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 37 return return NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 38 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 39 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 40 F F NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 41 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 42 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 43 total total JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 44 number number NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 45 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 46 fixed fix VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 47 frequencies frequency NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 48 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 49 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 50 trading trading NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 51 day day NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 51 52 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 2 employ employ VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 4 standard standard JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 5 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 6 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 7 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 8 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 9 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 10 Corsi Corsi NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 12 2009 2009 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 14 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 15 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 16 benchmark benchmark NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 17 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 19 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 20 most most RBS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 21 important important JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 22 features feature NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 23 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 24 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 25 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 26 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 27 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 28 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 29 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 30 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 31 it -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 32 effectively effectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 33 captures capture VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 34 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 35 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 36 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 37 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 38 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 39 it -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 40 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 41 easy easy JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 42 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 43 implement implement VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 44 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 45 can can MD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 46 be be VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 47 estimated estimate VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 48 with with IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 49 OLS OLS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 52 50 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 2 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 3 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 4 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 5 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 6 can can MD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 7 be be VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 8 written write VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 9 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 10 where where WRB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 11 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 12 t t NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 13 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 14 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 15 w w NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 16 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 17 t t NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 19 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 20 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 21 m m NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 22 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 23 t t NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 24 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 25 represent represent VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 26 daily daily RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 27 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 28 weekly weekly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 29 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 30 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 31 monthly monthly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 32 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 33 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 34 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 53 35 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 1 Following follow VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 2 Buncic Buncic NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 3 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 4 Gisler Gisler NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 6 2016 2016 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 8 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 9 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 10 add add VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 12 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 13 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 14 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 15 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 16 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 17 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 18 baseline baseline JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 19 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 54 20 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 1 that that DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 2 is is RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 3 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 4 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 5 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 6 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 7 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 8 VIX VIX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 9 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 10 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 11 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 12 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 13 given give VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 14 by by IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 15 _SP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 16 where where WRB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 19 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 20 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 22 indicate indicate VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 23 daily daily RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 24 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 25 weekly weekly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 26 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 27 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 28 monthly monthly VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 29 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 30 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 31 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 32 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 33 6 6 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 34 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 55 35 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 1 And and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 3 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 4 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 5 represent represent VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 6 weekly weekly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 7 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 8 monthly monthly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 9 VIX vix NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 56 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 1 To to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 2 investigate investigate VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 4 role role NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 5 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 7 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 8 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 9 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 10 replace replace VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 12 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 13 components component NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 14 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 15 VIX vix NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 16 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 17 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 18 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 19 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 20 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 21 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 22 VIX VIX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 23 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 24 with with IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 25 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 26 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 27 components component NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 28 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 29 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 57 30 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 1 Thus thus RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 4 obtain obtain VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 5 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 6 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 7 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 8 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 9 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 10 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 11 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 12 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 13 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 14 expressed express VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 15 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 16 where where WRB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 18 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 19 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 20 represent represent VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 21 weekly weekly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 22 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 23 monthly monthly JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 24 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 58 25 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 1 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 2 addition addition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 3 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 5 consider consider VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 6 both both CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 7 VIX VIX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 8 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 9 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 10 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 11 namely namely RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 12 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 13 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 14 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 15 ALL all DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 16 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 18 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 19 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 20 written write VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 21 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 22 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 23 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 24 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 25 study study NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 26 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 27 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 28 employ employ VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 29 daily daily RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 30 realized realize VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 31 variance variance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 32 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 33 measure measure VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 34 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 35 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 36 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 37 volatilities volatility NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 59 38 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 2 use use VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 4 5-minute 5-minute JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 5 sampling sampling NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 6 frequency frequency NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 7 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 8 compute compute VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 9 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 10 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 11 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 12 because because IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 14 5-minute 5-minute JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 15 sampling sampling NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 16 frequency frequency NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 17 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 18 widely widely RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 19 used use VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 20 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 21 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 22 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 23 related relate VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 24 research research NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 25 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 26 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 27 superior superior JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 28 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 29 other other JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 30 sampling sampling NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 60 31 frequencies frequency NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 61 1 Lin Lin NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 61 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 61 3 2017 2017 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 61 4 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 61 5 2018 2018 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 61 6 ; ; . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 62 1 Mei Mei NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 62 2 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 62 3 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 62 4 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 63 1 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 63 2 2018 2018 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 2 turn turn VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 3 all all DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 4 international international RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 5 realized realize VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 6 variances variance NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 7 into into IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 8 annualised annualised JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 9 realized realize VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 10 volatilities volatility NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 64 11 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 65 1 7 7 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 1 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 2 this this DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 3 section section NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 4 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 6 only only RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 7 report report VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 8 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 9 out out JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 10 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 11 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 12 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 13 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 14 predicted predict VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 15 performance performance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 16 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 17 because because IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 18 investors investor NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 19 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 20 policy policy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 21 makers maker NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 22 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 23 most most RBS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 24 concerned concerned JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 25 about about IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 26 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 27 out out JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 28 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 29 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 30 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 31 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 32 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 66 33 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 1 3 3 LS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 2 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 3 use use VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 5 rolling roll VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 6 window window NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 7 method method NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 8 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 9 generate generate VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 11 out out JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 12 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 13 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 14 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 15 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 16 predictions prediction NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 18 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 19 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 20 rolling roll VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 21 window window NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 22 length length NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 23 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 24 500 500 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 67 25 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 1 First first RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 3 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 4 quantitatively quantitatively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 5 evaluate evaluate VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 7 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 8 accuracy accuracy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 9 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 11 employ employ VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 12 two two CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 13 robust robust JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 14 loss loss NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 15 functions function NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 16 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 17 QLIKE QLIKE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 18 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 19 MSE MSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 20 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 21 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 22 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 23 widely widely RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 24 used use VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 25 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 26 various various JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 27 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 28 prediction prediction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 29 studies study NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 68 30 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 2 definition definition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 3 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 5 two two CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 6 loss loss NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 7 criteria criterion NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 8 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 9 where where WRB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 10 t t NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 11 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 12 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 13 actual actual JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 14 RV rv NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 15 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 16 trading trading NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 17 day day NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 18 t t NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 19 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 20 t t NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 21 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 22 represents represent VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 23 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 24 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 25 forecasts forecast NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 26 generated generate VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 27 by by IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 28 prediction prediction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 29 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 30 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 31 m m NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 32 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 33 q q NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 34 denote denote VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 35 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 36 length length NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 37 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 38 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 39 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 40 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 41 estimation estimation NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 42 period period NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 43 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 44 out out RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 45 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 46 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 47 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 48 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 49 evaluation evaluation NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 50 period period NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 51 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 52 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 69 53 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 1 Second second RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 4 utilize utilize VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 6 Model Model NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 7 confidence confidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 8 Set Set NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 10 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 12 test test NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 13 proposed propose VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 14 by by IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 15 Hansen Hansen NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 16 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 17 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 70 18 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 2 2011 2011 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 4 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 5 assess assess VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 7 out out RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 8 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 9 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 10 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 11 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 12 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 13 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 14 determine determine VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 15 whether whether IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 16 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 17 prediction prediction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 18 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 19 used use VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 20 have have VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 21 statistically statistically RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 22 significant significant JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 23 differences difference NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 24 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 25 out out IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 26 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 27 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 28 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 29 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 30 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 31 performance performance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 71 32 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 72 1 4 4 LS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 1 A a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 2 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 3 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 4 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 5 subset subset NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 6 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 7 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 8 that that WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 9 contains contain VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 11 best good JJS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 12 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 13 with with IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 14 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 15 given give VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 16 level level NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 17 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 18 confidence confidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 73 19 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 2 significance significance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 3 level level NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 5 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 7 choose choose VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 8 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 9 10 10 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 10 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 74 11 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 1 Evidently evidently RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 4 larger large JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 6 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 7 p p NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 8 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 9 value value NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 10 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 12 better well JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 14 prediction prediction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 15 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 16 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 17 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 18 corresponding corresponding JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 19 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 75 20 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 1 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 2 addition addition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 3 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 5 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 6 test test NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 7 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 9 also also RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 10 employ employ VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 11 out out RP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 12 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 13 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 14 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 15 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 16 R r NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 17 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 19 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 21 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 22 assess assess VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 23 prediction prediction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 24 quality quality NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 25 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 26 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 27 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 28 defined define VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 29 as as IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 30 3 3 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 31 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 32 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 33 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 34 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 35 estimation estimation NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 36 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 37 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 38 available available JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 39 upon upon IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 40 request request NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 76 41 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 77 1 4 4 LS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 1 For for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 2 more more RBR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 3 detailed detailed JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 4 introduction introduction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 5 about about IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 6 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 7 technology technology NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 8 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 9 please please UH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 10 refer refer VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 11 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 12 Hansen Hansen NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 13 et et NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 14 al al NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 78 15 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 79 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 79 2 2011 2011 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 79 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 79 4 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 1 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 3 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 4 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 6 actual actual JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 7 RV rv NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 8 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 9 forecast forecast NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 10 RV rv NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 11 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 12 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 13 benchmark benchmark JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 14 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 15 on on IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 16 day day NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 17 m+k m+k NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 80 19 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 1 m m NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 2 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 3 q q NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 4 represent represent VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 5 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 6 lengths length NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 7 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 8 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 9 initial initial JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 10 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 11 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 12 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 13 period period NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 14 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 15 out out RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 16 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 17 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 18 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 19 sample sample NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 20 period period NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 22 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 81 23 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 1 Obviously obviously RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 3 if if IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 5 value value NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 6 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 7 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 8 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 9 greater great JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 10 than than IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 11 0 0 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 12 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 14 forecast forecast NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 15 from from IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 16 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 17 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 18 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 19 interest interest NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 20 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 21 better well JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 22 than than IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 23 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 24 benchmark benchmark JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 25 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 82 26 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 1 Insert Insert NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 2 Table Table NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 3 1 1 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 4 about about IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 5 here here RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 6 _SP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 7 Table table NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 8 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 9 shows show VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 11 predicted predict VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 12 performance performance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 13 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 14 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 15 FCHI FCHI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 16 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 17 January January NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 19 February February NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 20 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 21 March March NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 22 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 83 23 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 1 Obviously obviously RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 4 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 5 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 6 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 7 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 8 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 9 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 10 can can MD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 11 produce produce VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 12 significantly significantly RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 13 positive positive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 14 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 15 values value NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 16 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 17 January January NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 19 February February NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 20 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 21 March March NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 22 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 23 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 24 which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 25 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 26 10.600 10.600 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 27 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 28 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 29 48.987 48.987 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 30 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 31 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 32 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 33 38.681 38.681 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 34 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 84 35 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 1 In in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 2 addition addition NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 3 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 5 find find VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 6 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 7 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 8 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 9 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 10 ALL all DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 11 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 12 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 14 best good JJS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 15 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 16 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 17 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 19 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 85 20 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 1 Especially especially RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 2 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 3 March March NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 4 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 5 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 7 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 8 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 9 ALL all DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 10 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 11 can can MD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 12 significantly significantly RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 13 beat beat VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 14 other other JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 15 competing compete VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 16 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 86 17 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 1 Table table NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 2 3 3 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 3 presents present VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 5 predicted predict VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 6 performance performance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 7 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 8 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 9 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 10 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 11 January January NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 12 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 13 February February NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 14 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 15 March March NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 16 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 87 17 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 2 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 3 evident evident JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 4 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 5 during during IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 6 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 7 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 8 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 9 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 10 contains contain VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 11 useful useful JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 12 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 13 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 14 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 15 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 16 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 17 ALL all DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 18 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 19 has have VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 20 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 21 best good JJS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 22 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 23 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 88 24 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 1 From from IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 2 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 3 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 5 Table table NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 6 _SP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 7 4 4 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 8 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 9 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 10 observe observe VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 11 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 12 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 13 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 14 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 15 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 16 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 17 IDEMV IDEMV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 18 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 19 can can MD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 20 pass pass VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 21 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 22 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 23 test test NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 24 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 25 produce produce VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 26 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 27 significantly significantly RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 28 positive positive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 29 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 30 value value NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 31 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 32 7.319 7.319 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 33 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 34 only only RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 35 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 36 January January NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 37 2020 2020 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 38 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 39 however however RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 40 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 41 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 42 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 43 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 44 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 45 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 46 VIX vix NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 47 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 48 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 49 always always RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 50 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 51 best good JJS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 52 prediction prediction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 53 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 89 54 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 1 Thus thus RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 4 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 5 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 6 robust robust JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 90 7 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 1 Insert Insert NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 2 Table Table NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 3 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 4 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 5 Table table NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 6 3 3 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 7 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 8 Table Table NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 9 4 4 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 91 10 _SP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 1 Obviously obviously RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 3 if if IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 5 value value NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 6 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 7 CumSFE CumSFE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 8 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 9 less less JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 10 than than IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 11 0 0 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 12 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 13 implying imply VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 14 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 15 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 16 benchmark benchmark JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 17 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 18 performs perform VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 19 poor poor JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 20 predictive predictive JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 21 ability ability NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 92 22 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 1 Figure figure NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 2 1 1 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 3 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 4 Figure figure NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 5 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 6 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 7 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 8 Figure figure NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 9 3 3 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 10 show show VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 11 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 12 CumSFE CumSFE NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 13 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 14 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 15 FCHI FCHI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 16 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 17 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 19 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 20 GDAXI GDAXI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 21 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 22 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 93 23 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 2 find find VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 3 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 4 CumSFE CumSFE NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 5 values value NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 6 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 7 negative negative JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 8 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 9 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 10 FCHI FCHI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 11 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 12 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 13 indices index NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 94 14 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 1 However however RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 3 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 5 GDAXI GDAXI NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 6 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 8 observe observe VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 9 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 11 CumSFE CumSFE NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 12 value value NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 13 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 14 10 10 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 15 negative negative JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 16 only only RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 17 between between IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 18 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 19 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 20 USRV USRV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 21 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 22 VIX VIX NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 23 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 24 HAR HAR NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 25 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 26 RV RV NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 95 27 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 4 results result NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 5 are be VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 6 robust robust JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 7 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 8 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 9 CumSFE CumSFE NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 96 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 1 Insert Insert NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 2 Figure Figure NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 3 1 1 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 4 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 5 Figure figure NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 6 2 2 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 7 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 8 Figure figure NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 9 3 3 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 97 10 _SP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 2 declare declare VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 3 that that IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 4 there there EX cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 5 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 6 not not RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 7 conflict conflict NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 8 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 9 interest interest NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 98 10 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 99 1 Notes note NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 99 2 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 2 significance significance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 3 level level NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 4 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 5 MCS MCS NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 7 choose choose VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 8 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 9 10 10 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 10 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 100 11 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 101 1 * * NFP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 101 2 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 102 1 * * NFP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 102 2 * * NFP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 102 3 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 103 1 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 1 * * NFP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 2 * * NFP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 3 * * NFP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 4 indicate indicate VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 5 significant significant JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 6 at at IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 7 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 8 10 10 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 9 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 10 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 11 5 5 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 12 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 13 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 14 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 15 1 1 CD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 16 % % NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 17 levels level NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 18 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 19 respectively respectively RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 104 20 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 2 following follow VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 3 table table NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 4 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 5 also also RB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 6 consistent consistent JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 7 . . . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 105 8 _SP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 1 Answering answer VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 2 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 3 skeptics skeptic NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 4 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 5 Yes yes UH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 6 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 7 standard standard JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 8 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 9 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 10 do do VBP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 11 provide provide VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 12 accurate accurate JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 13 forecasts forecast NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 14 Modeling model VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 15 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 16 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 17 realized realize VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 18 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 19 Stock Stock NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 20 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 21 ' ' POS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 22 reaction reaction NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 23 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 24 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 25 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 26 cases case NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 27 or or CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 28 fatalities fatality NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 106 29 ? ? . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 2 unprecedented unprecedented JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 3 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 4 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 5 impact impact NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 6 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 7 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 8 Global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 9 equity equity NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 10 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 11 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 12 spillovers spillover NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 13 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 14 A a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 15 broader broad JJR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 16 role role NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 17 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 18 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 19 United United NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 20 States States NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 21 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 22 contagion contagion NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 23 effects effect NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 24 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 25 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 26 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 27 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 28 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 29 Evidence evidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 30 from from IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 31 Gold Gold NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 32 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 107 33 Cryptocurrencies Cryptocurrencies NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 1 A a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 2 simple simple JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 3 approximate approximate JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 4 long long JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 5 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 6 memory memory NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 7 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 8 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 9 realized realize VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 10 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 11 Forecasting forecast VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 12 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 13 good good JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 14 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 15 bad bad JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 16 uncertainties uncertainty NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 17 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 18 crude crude JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 19 oil oil NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 20 prices price NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 21 using use VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 22 a a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 23 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 24 framework framework NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 25 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 26 incremental incremental JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 27 information information NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 28 content content NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 29 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 30 investor investor NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 31 fear fear NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 32 gauge gauge NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 33 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 34 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 35 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 36 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 37 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 38 crude crude JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 39 oil oil NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 40 futures future NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 41 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 42 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 43 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 44 finance finance NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 45 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 46 Agendas agenda NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 47 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 48 future future JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 108 49 research research NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 1 The the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 2 model model NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 3 confidence confidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 4 set set VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 5 A a DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 6 General General NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 7 Approach Approach NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 8 to to IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 9 Testing Testing NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 10 Volatility Volatility NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 11 Models Models NNPS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 12 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 13 Time Time NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 14 Series Series NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 15 Which which WDT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 16 sentiment sentiment NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 17 index index NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 18 is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 19 more more RBR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 20 informative informative JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 21 to to TO cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 22 forecast forecast VB cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 23 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 24 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 25 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 109 26 ? ? . cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 2 from from IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 3 China China NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 4 Is be VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 5 implied imply VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 6 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 7 more more RBR cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 8 informative informative JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 9 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 10 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 11 realized realize VBD cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 12 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 110 13 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 1 An an DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 2 international international JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 3 perspective perspective NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 4 Harnessing harness VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 5 jump jump NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 6 component component NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 7 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 8 crude crude JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 9 oil oil NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 10 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 11 forecasting forecasting NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 12 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 13 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 14 presence presence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 15 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 16 extreme extreme JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 111 17 shocks shock NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 1 Does do VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 2 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 3 Economic economic JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 4 Policy Policy NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 5 Uncertainty Uncertainty NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 6 matter matter NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 7 for for IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 8 European european JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 9 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 10 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 11 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 13 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 14 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 15 oil oil NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 16 prices price NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 17 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 18 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 19 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 20 , , , cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 21 geopolitical geopolitical JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 22 risk risk NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 23 and and CC cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 24 policy policy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 25 uncertainty uncertainty NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 26 nexus nexus NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 27 in in IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 28 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 29 US US NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 30 economy economy NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 112 31 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 1 Fresh fresh JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 2 evidence evidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 3 from from IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 4 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 5 wavelet wavelet NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 6 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 7 based base VBN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 8 approach approach NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 9 What what WP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 10 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 11 stock stock NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 12 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 13 tells tell VBZ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 14 us -PRON- PRP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 15 about about IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 16 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 17 post post JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 18 - - JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 19 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 20 world world NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 21 Forecasting Forecasting NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 22 crude crude JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 23 oil oil NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 24 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 25 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 26 : : : cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 27 Further further JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 28 evidence evidence NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 29 using use VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 30 GARCH garch NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 31 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 32 class class NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 33 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 34 Forecasting forecast VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 35 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 36 volatility volatility NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 37 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 38 crude crude JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 39 oil oil NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 40 futures future NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 41 using use VBG cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 42 HAR har NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 43 - - HYPH cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 44 type type NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 45 models model NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 46 with with IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 47 structural structural JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 48 breaks break NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 49 Financial financial JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 50 markets market NNS cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 51 under under IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 52 the the DT cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 53 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 54 pandemic pandemic NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 55 of of IN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 56 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 57 Forecasting Forecasting NNP cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 58 global global JJ cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 59 equity equity NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 60 market market NN cord-292093-6pp9l4j2 113 61 volatilities volatility NNS