Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 216 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 41021 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 171 group 78 patient 58 study 48 result 45 Group 40 method 34 Hospital 31 conclusion 26 University 23 ICU 22 day 21 high 18 treatment 18 Fig 17 introduction 17 cell 16 year 16 PCR 15 level 15 Care 14 mortality 13 case 13 blood 13 January 13 ARDS 12 figure 12 Intensive 12 COVID-19 11 HIV 11 APACHE 11 AKI 10 sofa 9 test 9 mean 9 increase 9 dna 9 VAP 9 HCV 8 disease 8 ECMO 7 child 7 RNA 7 HLA 7 Department 7 CRP 6 surgery 6 sepsis 6 score 6 peep 6 follow Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 72474 patient 65698 % 32716 group 26801 study 21570 result 18884 cell 16867 blood 15975 p 15643 method 14681 day 14205 case 13665 treatment 13528 level 13259 year 11717 time 11292 conclusion 10651 disease 9828 age 9545 analysis 8959 datum 8739 rate 8722 effect 8213 control 8115 risk 7716 infection 7180 month 7101 test 7064 therapy 7018 difference 6983 factor 6949 mortality 6862 outcome 6727 donor 6389 surgery 6157 child 6146 hospital 6115 value 6115 sample 6067 care 6025 score 5783 number 5702 response 5680 system 5470 use 5378 activity 5296 protein 5257 injury 5251 period 5205 expression 5146 complication Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 7262 ICU 3598 mg 3518 CT 3200 C 2762 II 2618 Group 2391 T 2297 University 2284 Hospital 2240 . 2153 al 2153 AE 2075 A 1997 ± 1909 CI 1881 B 1858 kg 1835 ED 1777 et 1765 PCR 1721 HCV 1712 L 1691 HSCT 1400 Fig 1305 M. 1282 M 1267 S. 1211 HBV 1204 January 1181 C. 1171 D 1148 Care 1143 IV 1119 MRI 1097 S 1086 HIV 1083 ARDS 1074 RBC 1034 BMI 1029 TNF 1000 Medical 993 - 992 LPS 989 RNA 969 Background 969 AKI 964 HLA 962 Department 941 Health 929 I Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 23186 we 10831 it 4224 they 2571 them 2417 i 1486 he 1273 she 552 us 292 one 246 you 212 itself 147 themselves 75 me 59 him 41 her 28 himself 14 s 12 ourselves 12 mg 9 em 8 iga1 8 herself 7 ours 7 oneself 6 p210bcr 6 myself 6 his 5 itma 4 theirs 4 hmsh2 3 rrt 3 its 3 imagej 3 igg4 2 y€ 2 yourself 2 upa 2 u 2 thee 2 t2dm 2 siil-33 2 pm.sec- 2 ocid1001 2 mrnas 2 itsn2 2 incmynsz 2 in-111-octreotide 2 il- 2 igg1 2 if Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 264980 be 39227 have 23813 use 12589 show 11111 compare 10994 include 10451 perform 10229 increase 8525 associate 7938 follow 7857 do 7163 find 6937 evaluate 6040 receive 5884 treat 5769 report 5715 base 5596 determine 5416 identify 5246 assess 5142 observe 4953 reduce 4889 develop 4859 present 4848 measure 4603 undergo 4249 decrease 4222 relate 4148 improve 4144 obtain 4138 require 3993 suggest 3979 provide 3917 induce 3846 detect 3646 investigate 3630 consider 3576 analyze 3523 aim 3429 accord 3376 study 3356 occur 3311 demonstrate 3293 remain 3215 give 3151 collect 2988 make 2976 lead 2955 indicate 2913 need Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 18469 not 17816 - 16838 high 9826 low 9656 clinical 9627 significant 9280 more 8374 also 7857 significantly 7367 well 7313 other 6926 only 6252 positive 6220 most 6065 however 6046 first 5779 non 5776 different 5770 respectively 5633 acute 5630 mean 5162 severe 4900 renal 4549 normal 4537 early 4330 old 4307 such 4208 as 4140 specific 4033 total 4014 negative 4011 surgical 3960 anti 3791 median 3701 respiratory 3541 common 3464 further 3459 long 3452 medical 3405 new 3254 important 3245 cardiac 3175 chronic 3173 less 3092 primary 2999 large 2922 post 2899 similar 2760 small 2738 same Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1354 most 971 least 902 high 818 good 696 Most 313 low 232 large 168 great 109 common 100 strong 90 bad 67 late 58 long 58 big 40 early 35 young 32 old 31 short 31 close 30 small 25 near 24 safe 16 fast 11 p=0.016 10 poor 9 new 9 easy 8 simple 7 weak 7 rare 7 few 6 severe 6 deep 5 sick 5 hot 5 clear 5 Least 4 wide 4 postsurgery 4 narrow 4 deadly 4 busy 4 -V 3 quick 3 postt 3 northernmost 3 hard 3 fresh 3 E(13.4 3 226/303 Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4866 most 862 least 119 well 9 highest 6 -v 4 fast 4 erv1 3 worst 3 lowest 3 hard 2 youngest 2 strongest 2 shortest 1 ® 1 themost 1 smallest 1 s2&3 1 micrometre 1 low(150 1 long 1 ko→wt 1 farthest 1 ecommendatio.ns 1 cm² 1 cfdna 1 -tug 1 -tion 1 -tfa 1 -psmb10 1 -chest Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 doi.org 7 orcid.org 6 ccforum.com 5 www 5 dx.doi.org 3 www.nrlqa.net 3 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 3 www.mederrors.com. 3 www.hsph.harvard.edu 3 www.bbc.com 2 www.socscistatistics.com 2 www.mdpi.com 2 search.tb.ask.com 2 ec.europa.eu 2 creativecommons.org 1 zha 1 www.youtube.com 1 www.worldometers.info 1 www.who.int 1 www.surveymonkey.com 1 www.shef.ac.uk 1 www.real-score.org 1 www.rcsb.org 1 www.randomizer.org 1 www.nooresepid.com 1 www.msd-animal-health.co 1 www.mirbase.org 1 www.medsci.org 1 www.itis.gov 1 www.irct.ir 1 www.ihi.org 1 www.idsociety.org 1 www.genome.jp 1 www.geneious 1 www.genecopoeia.com 1 www.frontiersin.org 1 www.finngen.fi 1 www.fammed.wisc.edu 1 www.expertmed.it 1 www.euro.who.int 1 www.ersaf.lombardia.it 1 www.dw.de 1 www.compbio.dundee.ac.uk 1 www.colorectaleducation.com 1 www.chatrango.com 1 www.cbs.dtu.dk 1 www.bundles.com.br 1 www.bbc.co.uk 1 www.ats.ucla 1 www.rproject.org Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 13 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.05.20050245 8 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.29.20222612 6 http://ccforum.com/supplements/17/S2 5 http://www 3 http://www.nrlqa.net 3 http://www.mederrors.com. 3 http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/cearegistry 3 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.11.20098061 2 http://www.socscistatistics.com/ 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.038 2 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020 2 http://doi.org/10 2 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1 http://zha 1 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MgdKblgzggQ 1 http://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus 1 http://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who 1 http://www.surveymonkey.com 1 http://www.shef.ac.uk/FRAX 1 http://www.real-score.org 1 http://www.rcsb.org/structure/3nvq 1 http://www.randomizer.org/ 1 http://www.nooresepid.com/en/ 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/ 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/igblast/ 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 1 http://www.msd-animal-health.co 1 http://www.mirbase.org/ 1 http://www.medsci.org/v17p1281s1.pdf 1 http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/1/44/s1 1 http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/11/9/464/s1 1 http://www.itis.gov/ 1 http://www.irct.ir/ 1 http://www.ihi.org 1 http://www.idsociety.org 1 http://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html 1 http://www.geneious 1 http://www.genecopoeia.com/product/qpcr/ 1 http://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020 1 http://www.finngen.fi/ 1 http://www.fammed.wisc.edu/ 1 http://www.expertmed.it 1 http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health 1 http://www.ersaf.lombardia.it/upload/ersaf/gestionedocumentale/WEB_Libro_-suolo_EN_784_11577.pdf 1 http://www.dw.de/ 1 http://www.compbio.dundee.ac.uk/jpred4/ 1 http://www.colorectaleducation.com/ 1 http://www.chatrango.com/ 1 http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/NetNGlyc/ 1 http://www.bundles.com.br Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 2 yacine001@yahoo.fr 2 uxraul@ous-hf.no 2 thomas.knogler@meduniwien.ac.at 2 t.vogl@em.uni-frankfurt.de 2 plakkal@gmail.com 2 oussamajaoued@gmail.com 2 m.j.w.greuter@umcg.nl 2 fracarb@gmail.com 2 drsindhusivanandan@gmail.com 2 draprakash1@gmail.com 2 clapusceddu@gmail.com 2 benhamzasabah5@gmail.com 1 zsuzsanna.deak@med.uni-muenchen.de 1 yura_savchenkov@mail.ru 1 yosirad@kobe-u.ac.jp 1 yamakou@radiol.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp 1 y-sonoyama@rad.twmu.ac.jp 1 wieland.sommer@med.uni-muenchen.de 1 wenchen0629@yahoo.com.cn 1 vvar@me.com 1 volker.weiss@hotmail.com 1 virnazampa@hotmail.com 1 victorrivneac@yahoo.com 1 vanni.mauri@gmail.com 1 valeview@maltanet.net 1 vadim.nikitin@parascript.com 1 um07jrl@leeds.ac.uk 1 tomasz.gwizdalla@uni.lodz.pl 1 tiagofilipe__@hotmail.com 1 thomas.kaye@leedsth.nhs.uk 1 thbaum@gmx.de 1 thanigaipaeds@yahoo.com 1 tamaki-i@mars.sannet.ne.jp 1 t.n.boellaard@amc.uva.nl 1 t.kau@gmx.at 1 suppy@korea.ac.kr 1 stephanie.franchi@bct.aphp.fr 1 stefaniebcosta@gmail.com 1 staka@med.kobe-u.ac.jp 1 sschindera@aol.com 1 speedsmile@hanmail.net 1 sophie.jacquier@chr-orleans.fr 1 sophie.espinoza@gmail.com 1 sonja_sudarski@gmx.de 1 sonja.kirchhoff@med.uni-muenchen.de 1 shihuiping@yahoo.com 1 sgty76@gmail.com 1 serafin@cm.umk.pl 1 sdoratiotto@alice.it 1 sarajoanacs@hotmail.com Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 130 levels were significantly 99 patients did not 77 % were male 74 group was significantly 73 difference was not 54 group were significantly 52 patients were male 52 patients were not 51 data are available 51 patients were randomly 50 levels were higher 46 % were female 46 groups were similar 46 patients undergoing cardiac 36 differences were not 36 patients undergoing elective 34 groups did not 34 groups were comparable 34 studies are necessary 33 levels were not 32 patients do not 32 patients were eligible 31 difference was statistically 31 patients undergoing laparoscopic 31 patients were also 30 group did not 30 patients had normal 30 patients were more 29 patients had significantly 28 patient did not 28 patients are alive 27 % were males 27 patients were significantly 26 patients had higher 25 % did not 25 groups were not 25 level was significantly 25 levels were also 25 patients undergoing surgery 25 patients underwent laparoscopic 25 patients were prospectively 25 tests were positive 24 levels were lower 24 results were not 23 cells did not 23 patients were female 22 patients undergoing major 22 patients was significantly 21 data do not 21 data were available Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35 difference was not statistically 14 difference was not significant 14 differences were not significant 12 cases showed no effect 11 differences were not statistically 10 results were not statistically 9 levels were not significantly 7 groups showed no significant 6 groups were not significantly 6 groups were not statistically 6 treatment had no effect 5 groups was not significantly 5 patients had no significant 5 rates were not statistically 4 analysis showed no significant 4 difference is not significant 4 difference was not significantly 4 groups was not statistically 4 groups were not significant 4 patient had no history 4 patient had no significant 4 patients is not clear 4 rate were not different 4 test is not available 4 treatment did not significantly 3 % had no effect 3 blood was not less 3 cell was not present 3 cells are not available 3 cells do not consistently 3 cells showed no change 3 group was not significant 3 group was not statistically 3 group were not significantly 3 groups did not significantly 3 groups has not statistical 3 groups was not significant 3 levels are not relevant 3 levels showed no differences 3 levels were not different 3 levels were not statistically 3 methods are not sufficiently 3 months had no statistically 3 patient had no further 3 patient had no transfusion 3 patient was not essentially 3 patients are not able 3 patients had no previous 3 rate was not different 3 rates were not different A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-006987-1hf8vyhz author = Abass, Ahmed O title = Propolis supplementation attenuates the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by paraquat injection on productive performance and immune function in turkey poults date = 2017-10-05 keywords = PR+PQ; effect; group summary = title: Propolis supplementation attenuates the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by paraquat injection on productive performance and immune function in turkey poults The current study was conducted to investigate the positive effects of dietary propolis (PR), as a potent naturally produced antioxidant, on growth performance and immune function of turkey poults exposed to oxidative stress induced by PQ injection. Thus, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of propolis supplementation on controlling the oxidative stress induced by paraquat injection to turkeys. In addition, growth performance of turkey birds was obtained under propolis supplementation in order to test whether it has the ability to reverse the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by paraquat. The current study also demonstrates that dietary propolis supplementation significantly increased plasma T 3 concentration in the PR+PQ group compared to PQ group which, consequently, alleviated the negative effect of paraquat injection on the growth performance of turkey poults. doi = 10.3382/ps/pex248 id = cord-322789-9elfpx0e author = Abbaspour Kasgari, Hamideh title = Evaluation of the efficacy of sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir in combination with ribavirin for hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate disease compared with standard care: a single-centre, randomized controlled trial date = 2020-08-19 keywords = COVID-19; SARS; group summary = doi = 10.1093/jac/dkaa332 id = cord-004091-gex0zvoa author = Abdulkareem, Shaheen A. title = Risk perception and behavioral change during epidemics: Comparing models of individual and collective learning date = 2020-01-06 keywords = Fig; agent; group; risk summary = For this study, we ran eight ABMs to test various combinations of individual and group learning, using different information sources-with or without interactions among agents-as factors in the BNs. We investigate the extent to which the epidemic spreads, depending on these different learning approaches regarding risk perception and coping decisions. The empirically-driven BNs model a two-stage decision process of people facing a disease risk: learning to update risk perceptions (threat appraisal, BN1 in Fig 1) and making decisions about how to adapt their behavior during the epidemic (coping appraisal, BN2 in Fig 1) . To evaluate the impact of individual and social intelligence on agents'' learning processes regarding risk perception and coping appraisal and the resulting patterns of disease spread, we used four output measures: disease diffusion, risk perception, spatial patterns, and model performance. Finally, in M7, where household agents learned risk perception in decentralized groups and learned to cope individually, 2,911 infected cases were recorded (Table 3) . doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0226483 id = cord-329856-0m5mc320 author = Ahmad, Shandar title = Potential of age distribution profiles for the prediction of COVID-19 infection origin in a patient group date = 2020-06-04 keywords = group; patient summary = This paper reports an the analysis of age distribution patterns in six groups of Indian COVID-19 patient populations based on their likely geographical origin of infection viz. Altogether this study provides a scalable framework to estimate the source of infection in a new population of COVID-19 patients with unknown origin. Although the exact reasons of these dramatically different mortality rates and possible differences in affected age groups are not very well understood, it is widely recognized that the collection and presentation of accurate clinical data as well as elaborate epidemiological studies are needed in order to understand and control both current and future outbreaks such as COVID-19 [8, 9] . However, despite these caveats, this study provides a framework to utilize rudimentary patient population profiles such as patient age distribution to segregate them in terms of source of infection, and potentially develop combative strategies informed by these differences. doi = 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100364 id = cord-272497-ww9o1kjr author = Al-Anzi, Bader S. title = An Overview of the World Current and Future Assessment of Novel COVID-19 Trajectory, Impact, and Potential Preventive Strategies at Healthcare Settings date = 2020-09-25 keywords = Group; USA; covid-19 summary = The current study aims to assess the trajectory of the recent pandemic due to the COVID-19 outbreak utilizing a new splitting methodology of the selected countries into two groups and developing regression-based and SIR-based statistical models and tools that depict the actual recorded data of COVID-19. Figure 1 was generated to show the recorded daily total infected cases of the world over a certain timeframe (22 January 2020 until present), which shows that the COVID-19 disease started to increase slowly until about 11 March and then accelerated at a faster speed afterwards. Figure 1 was generated to show the recorded daily total infected cases of the world over a certain timeframe (22 January 2020 until present), which shows that the COVID-19 disease started to increase slowly until about 11 March and then accelerated at a faster speed afterwards. doi = 10.3390/ijerph17197016 id = cord-336192-5uxq5xrs author = Alavi, Maryam title = Coordination, cooperation, and creativity within harm reduction networks in Iran: COVID-19 prevention and control among people who use drugs date = 2020-08-17 keywords = Group; Iran; PWUD; Working summary = These platforms provided an accessible space to discuss critical issues, including COVID-19 policy updates, scientific information and education, and service provision among peer-support workers and people attending community-based drop-in centres, homeless shelters, and mobile and outreach services. Direct care services for people who use drugs Between March 15 and April 13, the Working Group coordinated distribution of COVID-19 prevention equipment and education booklets, personal items, food, and water among 2577 people attending 20 community-based drop-in centres, 18 homeless shelters, and eight mobile and 27 outreach services (visiting 87 street-based drug markets) in four provinces. Working group policy advocacy Violation of physical distancing by PWUD and homeless people in Tehran in early April marked the beginning of a campaign by several government organisations, led by factions within the state Drug Control Headquarters, proposing swift capture and hold of these individuals in designated shelters for the duration of the pandemic. doi = 10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102908 id = cord-302695-vyo3w2a4 author = Albertini, Laetitia title = Observational study on off-label use of tocilizumab in patients with severe COVID-19 date = 2020-09-10 keywords = TCZ; group; patient summary = This is a single-centre observational cohort study of patients infected with COVID-19 and treated with TCZ between 6 April and 21 April 2020 at our general hospital. The criteria for receiving TCZ were: ► Hospitalised patients with a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 (by real-time PCR on nasopharyngeal swabs) ► Extensive bilateral lesions in the lungs ► Severe respiratory insufficiency needing oxygen supplementation (≥5 L) ► Clinical aggravation ► Increased CRP level ► No major contraindications to the drug. On day 14, in the TCZ group two patients required invasive ventilation compared with six in the control group (95% CI −0.4 to 0.05) (p=0.12) (figure 1). Indeed, on day 14 of follow-up, two patients in the TCZ group required invasive ventilation compared with six in the control group. The need for oxygen was reduced in the TCZ group despite the fact that this group had more severe clinical and radiological impairment of COVID-19 at the beginning of the study. doi = 10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002414 id = cord-034714-6e37yylk author = Alleg, Manel title = Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: MRI findings in HIV-infected patients are closer to rituximab- than natalizumab-associated PML date = 2020-11-06 keywords = HIV; PML; group summary = title: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: MRI findings in HIV-infected patients are closer to rituximabthan natalizumab-associated PML OBJECTIVES: To compare brain MRI findings in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) associated to rituximab and natalizumab treatments and HIV infection. Inclusion criteria were (1) a "definite" PML diagnosis according to the American Academy of Neurology criteria [19] including clinical and imaging-compatible features and detection of JCV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid or in brain tissue by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or immunohistochemistry; (2) HIV-infected patients or patients treated with immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive drugs such as natalizumab or rituximab, possibly in association with other drugs and whatever the initial illness; and (3) consent was provided for in the hospital''s charter. This study aims to describe the MRI characteristics of PML associated with rituximab and natalizumab and in HIV infection while comparing imaging findings with the level of immunosuppression. doi = 10.1007/s00330-020-07362-y id = cord-280036-ev82fzly author = Almawly, J. title = Utility of halofuginone lactate for the prevention of natural cryptosporidiosis of calves, in the presence of co-infection with rotavirus and Salmonella Typhimurium date = 2013-10-18 keywords = Group; calf; cryptosporidium summary = We performed a randomized controlled field trial of the efficacy of HL for the prevention of natural calf cryptosporidiosis, in the presence of co-infection with rotavirus and Salmonella Typhimurium. Motivated by the need of more data on the utility HL in the presence of co-infections with other pathogens, we performed a randomized controlled field trial of the anti-Cryptosporidium preventive efficacy of the compound in calves on a New Zealand farm enzootically infected with C. In addition to the analysis for Cryptosporidium, 23 fecal specimens taken haphazardly from the three treatment groups were analyzed for the presence of rotavirus, coronavirus, enterotoxigenic K99 + Escherichia coli (K99) and Salmonella spp. The calves in Group 3 (control Group) showed an oocyst shedding curve which was typical for natural cryptosporidiosis, with the majority of the animals becoming parasitologically positive by Day 8 and again negative by Day 20 (Tables 1 and 2) . doi = 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.04.029 id = cord-016842-sow7k53m author = An, Jisun title = Multidimensional Analysis of the News Consumption of Different Demographic Groups on a Nationwide Scale date = 2017-08-02 keywords = MERS; Male; group; news summary = doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-67217-5_9 id = cord-275427-00bwhaga author = Aydogdu, Ugur title = The determination of treatment effect of chitosan oligosaccharide in lambs with experimentally cryptosporidiosis date = 2019-11-30 keywords = day; group; lamb; treatment summary = doi = 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.09.021 id = cord-009969-ln91qfg4 author = Bertolesi, Gabriel E. title = Plasticity for colour adaptation in vertebrates explained by the evolution of the genes pomc, pmch and pmchl date = 2019-03-10 keywords = MCH; MCHL; MSH; Table; background; figure; group summary = We suggest an explanation for the differences in the mechanisms that evolved to regulate background adaptation by inferring ancestral relationships, and assessing associations with plastic colour change, the ability of α-MSH, MCH and MCHL peptides to be synthesized and secreted and to work as neuroendocrine hormones, as well as their effects on skin pigmentation. Interestingly, several species in this group lack the dual-hormonal mechanism, in that MCH/MCHL plasma levels but not α-MSH vary with background adaptation, including flounders (Verasper moseri and Platichthys flesus) (Gilham & Baker, 1984; Kang & Kim, 2013; Mizusawa et al., 2011) and tilapias from the genus Oreochromis (Nile and Mozambique) (Gröneveld, Balm, Martens et al., 1995a; Gröneveld, Balm, & Wendelaar Bonga, 1995b; van der Salm, Metz, Wendelaar Bonga, & Flik, 2005) . We used both the structure and presence of pomc, pmch and pmchl as a "genetic basis," alongside MCH/MCHL "hormonal status," to explain differences in the physiological mechanisms for background adaptation over evolution. doi = 10.1111/pcmr.12776 id = cord-341397-gl8xzzdv author = Bhavani, Sivasubramanium V. title = Novel Temperature Trajectory Subphenotypes in COVID-19 date = 2020-07-21 keywords = COVID-19; Group summary = In contrast to other common viral infections, COVID-19 presents unique challenges with high rates of hypoxemic respiratory failure, hyperinflammatory cytokine storm, coagulation abnormalities, and cardiac and renal dysfunction 2, 3 . We have previously published a novel method of identifying subphenotypes in hospitalized patients with all-cause infection using longitudinal body temperature measurements 6 . We hypothesize that using a similar approach specific to COVID-19 patients would identify subphenotypes with unique clinical characteristics and inflammatory and coagulation abnormalities. The primary outcome was 30-day inpatient mortality, which was modeled on subphenotype using Cox regression analysis, controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness. The high mortality rate seen in Group 1 and the organ dysfunction seen in Group 4 suggest that both subphenotypes have a dysregulated response to COVID-19. In conclusion, we found four distinct subphenotypes of COVID-19 patients with markedly different clinical characteristics and mortality rates. doi = 10.1016/j.chest.2020.07.027 id = cord-001236-cgiok0ce author = Binjawadagi, Basavaraj title = An innovative approach to induce cross-protective immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the lungs of pigs through adjuvanted nanotechnology-based vaccination date = 2014-03-24 keywords = Group; IFN; PRRSV; figure summary = title: An innovative approach to induce cross-protective immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the lungs of pigs through adjuvanted nanotechnology-based vaccination Therefore, we attempted to strengthen the immunogenicity of inactivated/killed PRRSV vaccine antigens (KAg), especially in the pig respiratory system, through: 1) entrapping the KAg in biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NP-KAg); 2) coupling the NP-KAg with a potent mucosal adjuvant, whole cell lysate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. 32 In adjuvanted NP-KAgvaccinated pigs, increased avidity of virus-specific IgA was detected in both BAL fluid (both low and high doses) and lung homogenate (only low dose) samples compared to other tested groups (Figure 2A-C) . Adjuvanted poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticle-entrapped inactivated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine elicits cross-protective immune response in pigs Intranasal delivery of whole cell lysate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces protective immune responses to a modified live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine in pigs doi = 10.2147/ijn.s59924 id = cord-273839-oasgagpc author = Bisno, Alan L. title = Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: A Practice Guideline date = 1997-09-17 keywords = culture; group; pharyngitis; streptococcal summary = Except under special circumstances, neither repeated bacteri-Evidence ologic testing (culture or RADT) of patients who have success-We reviewed a large number of clinical trials of diagnostic fully completed a course of antimicrobial therapy nor routine and treatment strategies for group A streptococcal pharyngitis. ple, studies of treatment were evaluated for randomization, A small percentage of patients will have recurrences of acute blinding, use of streptococcal typing to differentiate treatment pharyngitis that are associated with throat cultures (or RADTs) failures from new infections, duration and timing of follow-up positive for group A streptococci within a short period following examinations, and statistical power [1, 2] . Such tests are appropriate for streptococci in the upper respiratory tract and for the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of acute streptococcal pharyngitis use by microbiology laboratory personnel, but most physicians who perform throat cultures would find it difficult to justify [12] (category A, grade II). doi = 10.1086/513768 id = cord-290465-tvegf0kt author = Brook, Judy title = Co-production of an intervention to increase retention of early career nurses: Acceptability and feasibility date = 2020-08-15 keywords = group; process; production summary = doi = 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102861 id = cord-295987-die9jmbv author = Chabre, Yoann M. title = Design and Creativity in Synthesis of Multivalent Neoglycoconjugates date = 2010-04-08 keywords = Con; Fig; PAMAM; SLT; Synthesis; carbohydrate; cell; cluster; dendrimer; group; ligand; scheme summary = PAP-a-Glc, poly(p-N-acryloylamidophenyl) a-glucopyranoside; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; PePO, pentaerythrityl phosphodiester oligomer; PET, photoinduced electron transfer; PITC, phenylisothiocyanate; PDT, photodynamic therapy; POSS, polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane; PMBC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PPI, polypropyleneimine; PS, photosensitizer; PVK, poly(methyl vinyl ketone); PyBOP, benzotriazol-1-yl-oxytripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate; QSAR, quantitative structure-activity relationship; RCA 120 , Ricinus communis agglutinin; RGP, radial growth polymerization; SCVCP, self-condensing vinyl copolymerization; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; SHC, Sonogashira-Heck-Cassar cross coupling reactions; SLT, Shiga-like toxin; SLT-Iie, Shiga-like toxin II edema variant; SPG-Lac, schizophyllan bearing lactosides; SPR, surface plasmon resonance; SPS, solid-phase synthesis; STEC, Shiga toxigenic group of Escherichia coli; Stx, Shiga toxin; SWNT, single-walled nanotube; TBAF, tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride; TBAH, tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide; TBTU, 2-(1H-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; TEMPO, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl; TF, Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen; TFA, trifluoroacetic acid; TGA, thermogravimetric analysis; THF, tetrahydrofuran; TRIS, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane; VAA, Viscum album agglutinin; VT, verotoxin; VV-HRP, horseradish peroxidase-labeled plant lectin V. doi = 10.1016/s0065-2318(10)63006-5 id = cord-022643-2j559muh author = Chance, Gail D. title = SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATIONS OF SEED COAT MORPHOLOGY IN NAMA (HYDROPHYLLACEAE) date = 1984-07-01 keywords = Fig; Group; Nama summary = Nevertheless, similarities among species in seed coat organization, particularly, outer testa anatomy and wall thickening‐pitting patterns allow the recognition of six groups among examined taxa; furthermore, seed coat features often suggest both intra‐group and inter‐group relationships. Hitchcock''s (1933) observation that seeds of different species exhibit variously patterned surfaces offers a promising point of departure for studies aimed at elucidating relationships in Nama. Seed Group 3 (Fig.11-19 )-Thesixincluded species are characterized by a reticulate seed coat in which pits-perforations (Fig. 11 , 15) are found in radial walls of the reticulum cells. Seed Group 4 (Fig. 20-35 )-Each ofthe nine species in this group produces a chambered coat ranging from weakly to deeply reticulate; and all possess localized thickenings in the radial walls of reticulum cells (Fig. 22, 23, 27-29, 32, 35) . In contrast to other species ofits group, unbranched thickenings often traverse the floor of reticulum cells (Fig. 35) and are reminiscent of those found in Seed Group 5. doi = 10.1002/j.1537-2197.1984.tb14148.x id = cord-264607-5vnaifi6 author = Chen, Wenyu title = A study on clinical effect of Arbidol combined with adjuvant therapy on COVID‐19 date = 2020-06-08 keywords = ARB; group summary = OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore the clinical effect of Arbidol (ARB) combined with adjuvant therapy on patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Various indexes in the two groups before and after treatment were observed and recorded, including fever, cough, hypodynamia, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, diarrhea, C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), blood routine indexes, blood biochemical indexes, time to achieve negative virus nucleic acid and so on. All clinical data of patients, including gender, hypertension, diabetes, CT, temperature, oxygen saturation, hemoglobin (HB) concentration, C-reactive protein (CRP) and so on, were listed in Table 1 Test group: ARB was additionally added on the basis of symptomatic treatment. Patient''s clinical symptoms, such as fever, dry cough, nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, sore throat, hypodynamia, diarrhea, and some laboratory indexes including blood routine indexes, CRP, procalcitonin (PCT), blood biochemical indexes as well as the virus nucleic acid testing were observed and recorded during the treatment. doi = 10.1002/jmv.26142 id = cord-256165-cc3ph5e5 author = Cree-Green, Melanie title = Peer mentoring for professional and personal growth in academic medicine date = 2020-07-07 keywords = group; mentorship; peer summary = doi = 10.1136/jim-2020-001391 id = cord-270998-1adloi3o author = Cunha, Rafes D. S. title = Comparison of immunity against canine distemper, adenovirus and parvovirus after vaccination with two multivalent canine vaccines date = 2020-04-27 keywords = Brazil; Group; vaccine summary = There is a belief among veterinary practitioners and even educational institutions that the vaccines made in Brazil against canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine adenovirus (CAV) are ineffective or only partially effective. METHODS: The study was carried out at the Animal Protection Association and a total of 60 adult mongrel dogs were selected and divided into two groups. RESULTS: In group A, the Elevencell vaccine generated a protective antibody titre against CDV in 26 out of 28 subjects (92.85%), CPV in 24 out of 28 subjects (85.71%) and CAV in 26 out of 28 subjects (92.85%). Before immunization, both groups of animals presented results of ≤2 on the colorimetric scale, which means that all of them were eligible to take part in the vaccination protocol. Evaluation of the humoral immune response induced by vaccination for canine distemper and parvovirus: A pilot study doi = 10.1002/vms3.274 id = cord-271106-srym2kh4 author = De Rosa, Nicoletta title = Effect of Immunomodulatory Supplements Based on Echinacea Angustifolia and Echinacea Purpurea on the Posttreatment Relapse Incidence of Genital Condylomatosis: A Prospective Randomized Study date = 2019-04-11 keywords = Echinacea; Group; genital summary = title: Effect of Immunomodulatory Supplements Based on Echinacea Angustifolia and Echinacea Purpurea on the Posttreatment Relapse Incidence of Genital Condylomatosis: A Prospective Randomized Study In conclusion, the presence of a latent infection causes condylomatosis relapse; in order to reduce the relapse risk an induction of a protective immune response seems to be essential to allow rapid viral clearance from genital areas surrounding lesion and treatment zones. EP and EA dry root extracts seem to be a valid adjuvant therapy in reducing relapse incidence of lesions in patients treated for genital condylomatosis. Therapy with HPVADL18 is effective in reducing relapse incidence of lesions in patients treated for genital condylomatosis. In conclusion, HPVADL185 seems to be a valid adjuvant therapy in reducing relapse incidence of lesions in patients treated for genital condylomatosis. doi = 10.1155/2019/3548396 id = cord-013263-xw611i8k author = Dederichs, Melina title = Students’ perspectives on interventions to reduce stress in medical school: A qualitative study date = 2020-10-15 keywords = group; intervention; medical; student summary = title: Students'' perspectives on interventions to reduce stress in medical school: A qualitative study 2. How do medical students perceive interventions that have been described in the literature (pass/fail grading, a peer-to-peer mentoring program, Balint groups, and self-management courses)? Possible solutions students brought up were for instance a mandatory lecture about stress related to medical school, coping strategies and support contacts. Participants proposed shortening clinical trainings, or to move them towards the end of the medical curriculum to avoid that students have to pass other exams right before the second state examination. In our eight focus groups, students suggested specific solutions to their perceived obstacles in medical school. Importantly, while setting-based interventions are sometimes considered expensive or difficult to implement [7] , most ideas in the focus groups (e.g. attendance rules, a new course selection procedure, teaching guidelines) seem easily feasible and resource-friendly and will not only improve wellbeing, but also academic performance. doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0240587 id = cord-302079-pby3i6wq author = Deng, Yan title = Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study date = 2020-06-05 keywords = group summary = title: Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study This study was performed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients who succumbed to and who recovered from 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). A retrospective investigation was conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics of fatal cases of COVID-19 (death group) and we compare them with recovered patients (recovered group). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the recovered group, more patients in the death group exhibited characteristics of advanced age, pre-existing comorbidities, dyspnea, oxygen saturation decrease, increased WBC count, decreased lymphocytes, and elevated CRP levels. In our study, we found no significant difference between the death and recovered group in the percentage of patients complicated with diabetes. Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study doi = 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000824 id = cord-270210-gfy2ytg5 author = Drent, Marjolein title = Benefit of Wearing an Activity Tracker in Sarcoidosis date = 2020-08-22 keywords = Group; SRT; patient summary = The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of continuous activity monitoring using an electronic activity tracker (AT) on exercise performance and fatigue of sarcoidosis patients, compared to controls (cohort study), and the effect of additional personal coaching (randomized trial) over a period of 3 months. Exercise performance of patients wearing an AT (Group I) improved compared with controls (Group II), including the 6MWD, % predicted (∆4.4 ± 9.1 versus ∆0.7 ± 5.0, respectively), and fatigue levels decreased (∆−3.9 ± 5.7 versus ∆−1.8 ± 5.3). The aim of this study was to estimate (1) the potential effect of continuous activity monitoring using an electronic AT, compared with a historical control group in a cohort study and (2) the effect of additional personal coaching of sarcoidosis patients in a randomized trial. Wearing an AT in general, even without personal coaching by a physical therapist, improved exercise capacity and reduced fatigue in sarcoidosis patients. doi = 10.3390/jpm10030097 id = cord-297138-t8b3914h author = Duijker, G. title = Reporting effectiveness of an extract of three traditional Cretan herbs on upper respiratory tract infection: Results from a double-blind randomized controlled trial date = 2015-04-02 keywords = Crete; WURSS-21; cretan; crp; group; patient summary = doi = 10.1016/j.jep.2015.01.030 id = cord-261073-s0qpiovr author = Ehrengut, W. title = A two year serological surveillance of coronavirus infections in Hamburg date = 1980 keywords = Group summary = The occurrence of OC-43 coronavirus-like infections in the population of Hamburg was determined by a monthly serological survey (hemagglutination inhibition test [HI]) undertaken between October 1974 and October 1976. Serological surveillance carried out at regular intervals on a large number of sera taken from representative groups reveals the total infection rates (apparent and non-apparent) and the level and distribution of the seroimmunity in the population. The following report of seroepidemiological studies of coronavirus infections is based upon observations made in the course of a surveillance programme in Hamburg (carried out since October 1974) in various sections of the population in which all age groups were represented. Serological study of coronavirus antibodies in Hamburg Occurrence of antibody against coronavirus (OC43) in the healthy population and in patients with a disease of the respiratory tract Seroepidemiologic survey of coronavirus (Strain OC 43) related infections in a children''s population doi = 10.1007/bf01639150 id = cord-012537-49v45di6 author = El-Ghandour, Mamdouh title = Efficacy of Milrinone Plus Sildenafil in the Treatment of Neonates with Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Resource-Limited Settings: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind Trial date = 2020-08-28 keywords = PASP; PPHN; group summary = title: Efficacy of Milrinone Plus Sildenafil in the Treatment of Neonates with Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Resource-Limited Settings: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind Trial OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral sildenafil and intravenous milrinone infusion and compare the effects of these drugs in combination versus as monotherapy in neonates with PPHN. In newborn care units lacking this gold standard therapy for PPHN, treatment comprises pulmonary vasodilators such as oral sildenafil or continuous intravenous infusion of milrinone. In the current randomized controlled trial, sildenafil combined with milrinone was more effective at normalizing pulmonary artery pressure and improving survival rates than treatment with either of the two drugs as monotherapy. Results from the current study showed that the combination of oral sildenafil and intravenous milrinone resulted in improved clinical outcomes, reflected by reduced mortality and a significant decrease in PASP. doi = 10.1007/s40272-020-00412-4 id = cord-035024-kx9jfssi author = Elmelhat, Ahmed title = Comparison between Prophylactic versus Therapeutic Doses of Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Severely Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients in Relation to Disease Progression and Outcome date = 2020-10-26 keywords = group; patient summary = doi = 10.1159/000511163 id = cord-353256-7nfklun9 author = Eroglu‐Ertugrul, Nesibe Gevher title = The value of flexible bronchoscopy in pulmonary infections of immunosuppressed children date = 2019-11-22 keywords = Group; bal; patient summary = OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the value of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) when determining causes of lung infection in immunocompromised children; to investigate differences in causes and radiological features of lung infections following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) compared to other immunosuppressive conditions; to evaluate the reliability of radiological findings when predicting the pathogen. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the value of FB and BAL in determining the cause of lung infections that develop in immunocompromised children, to investigate differences between the causes and radiological features of lung infections following BMT in comparison to other immunosuppressive conditions and to evaluate the reliability of radiological findings for predicting the causative pathogen. When all of the patients were considered together, a significant association was determined between the presence of viral pathogens (including CMV) and the radiological findings of interstitial infiltration and/or a ground-glass appearance (P = .003). doi = 10.1111/crj.13103 id = cord-022879-j6cecioe author = Fager, Edward W. title = Determination and Analysis of Recurrent Groups date = 1957-10-01 keywords = group; sample; specie summary = Transformation of the data or the use of rank correlation could overcome this difficulty, but any method which involves a measure of abundance may, in certain cases, not lead to the desired results : two species may always occur together and never separately and yet, unless there is a nearly constant relation between the relative numbers of individuals of the two species, a correlation coefficient will indicate no relationship even though they are a constant part of each other''s biological environment. The following example shows that it is not a satisfactory criterion for grouping if the groups are to be composed of species which form a nearly constant part of each other''s biological environment: Species 1 and 2 show no evidence of association when examined by Cole''s method and yet they nearly always occur together-over 80% of the occurrences of each are in company with the other -and should be considered together in any grouping based on this set of samples. doi = 10.2307/1943124 id = cord-274563-jimw6skv author = Fiumara, Agata title = COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak and its Psychological Impact on Patients with Rare Lysosomal Diseases date = 2020-08-22 keywords = COVID-19; group; patient summary = During the COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) pandemic lockdown, patients with LSDs on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) missed their scheduled access to the Day Hospital to get their treatment. Methods: Based on the feeling that our patients were experiencing profound distress, we designed a structured telephone interview with the aim to evaluate how, and to which extent, the pandemic outbreak was changing their behavior and feelings about their chronic disease, the impact on therapies, and future expectations. Moreover, a striking similarity emerged between the groups regarding forced home reclusion and the profound feeling to be excluded by normal life, well-known to those affected by a chronic rare disease. Based on the feeling that our patients were experiencing profound distress, we designed a structured interview [3, 4] with the aim to evaluate how, and to which extent, the COVID-19 pandemic was changing our patients'' behavior and feelings about their chronic disease, the impact on therapies, and their future expectations. doi = 10.3390/jcm9092716 id = cord-010305-z5c7zgp7 author = GARDEN, JENNI G. title = Habitat structure is more important than vegetation composition for local‐level management of native terrestrial reptile and small mammal species living in urban remnants: A case study from Brisbane, Australia date = 2007-08-06 keywords = Brisbane; Group; habitat; reptile; specie summary = doi = 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2007.01750.x id = cord-303807-fka9svzu author = Gerber, Michael A. title = Diagnosis and Treatment of Pharyngitis in Children date = 2005-05-28 keywords = beta; gas; group; pharyngitis; streptococcal summary = Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) [10] , American Academy of Pediatrics [11] , and American Heart Association [12] indicate that microbiologic confirmation (with a throat culture or RADT) is required for the diagnosis of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. Culture of a specimen obtained by throat swab on a sheep blood agar plate is the standard laboratory procedure for the microbiologic confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of acute group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis [16] . Currently, two of the most important issues regarding the use of RADTs for the diagnosis of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis are the relative sensitivities of the different tests and whether any RADTs are sensitive enough to mitigate against the need to perform throat cultures in patients with negative test results. In addition, without the repeat isolation of the infecting strain of GAS (ie, true bacteriologic treatment failure), it is particularly difficult to determine the clinical significance of persistent or recurrent signs or symptoms suggesting group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. doi = 10.1016/j.pcl.2005.02.004 id = cord-347960-vl5zhxyh author = Giallonardo, Vincenzo title = The Impact of Quarantine and Physical Distancing Following COVID-19 on Mental Health: Study Protocol of a Multicentric Italian Population Trial date = 2020-06-05 keywords = COVID-19; group; health; italian; mental summary = The present study has been developed with the aims to: a) evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and its containment measures on mental health of the Italian population; b) to identify the main areas to be targeted by supportive long-term interventions for the different categories of people exposed to the pandemic. The survey includes the following self-reported questionnaires: the General Health Questionnaire -12 items (GHQ-12) (31); the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale -21 Items (DASS-21) (32); the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory -Revised (OCI-R) (33); the Insomnia Severity Index (34) ; the Severity-of-Acute-Stress-Symptoms-Adult (35); the Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale (SIDAS) (36); the Impact of Event Scale -6 items (37); the UCLA loneliness scale -short version (38) ; the Brief COPE (39); the Post Traumatic Growth Inventory short form (40) ; the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scaleshort form (41) ; the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived social support (42); the Pattern of Care Schedule (PCS)-modified version (43); the Maslach Burnout Inventory (only for health professionals) (44) . doi = 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00533 id = cord-026983-36n7bm3j author = Gillani, Syeda Shaista title = Synthesis, characterization and applications of poly-aliphatic amine dendrimers and dendrons date = 2020-06-17 keywords = Fig; PAMAM; dendrimer; generation; group summary = Figure 1 shows the well-defined structure of a dendrimer composed of various components: a) Multiple reactive sites originate from the central core which further grows into branches layer-by-layer in a symmetric fashion to form dendrimer generations. In PPI and PAMAM dendrimers, the number of pincers is half the amount of terminal surface groups as in these dendrimers, the chain disconnects into two chains in each focal point. Literature reveal the synthesis of a number of aliphatic polyamide amine dendrimers shown in PAMAM dendrons based silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles have been synthesized (Fig. 9 ). The structures and tunable surface functionalities of dendrimers allow for the encapsulation/complexation/conjugation of multiple entities, i.e. the drug molecules, and genetic materials, targeting agents and dyes, either in the core or on the surface, rendering them ideal carriers for various drugs. There are many examples where dendritic species including PAMAM dendrimers have been incorporated into scaffolds for the regeneration of a variety of tissues and cell types [127] . doi = 10.1007/s13738-020-01973-4 id = cord-300046-orlga9qf author = Gomes da Silva, J. title = Health literacy of inland population in the mitigation phase 3.2. of COVID-19''s pandemic in Portugal - a descriptive cohort study date = 2020-05-14 keywords = COVID-19; Group; Risk; SARS summary = Globally, younger individuals, females, graduates and the Non-Risk Group presented higher relative frequencies of the correct answer along COVID-19''s Questionnaire. However, three exceptions were observed: the Undergraduate Group and the Risk-Group had a high relative frequency stating that COVID-19 has a cure and in mentioning "Social Isolation" as an important preventive measure to adopt when compared to the Graduate Group and the Non-Risk Group, respectively. Males have higher relative frequency in answering the correct number of SNS24 and in stating that children can get sick and transmit the infection by SARS-CoV-2 when compared to females ( Table 2 -Supplementary information). Nonparametric tests reveal a statistically significant association regarding variable "Age", "Gender" and "Risk Factor", with younger individuals, females and individuals from Risk-Group stating more often the correct answer. Nonparametric tests reveal a statistically significant association regarding variable "Gender" and "Risk Factor", with males and individuals from Non-Risk Group answering the correct number. doi = 10.1101/2020.05.11.20098061 id = cord-032657-1egdwe26 author = Gouda, Walaa title = COVID-19 disease: CT Pneumonia Analysis prototype by using artificial intelligence, predicting the disease severity date = 2020-09-25 keywords = group summary = Groups B and C showed significantly increased number of involved lung segments and lobes, frequencies of consolidation, crazy-paving pattern, and air bronchogram. CT severity score was estimated for each one of the five lung lobes by calculating the dissemination of the chest manifestations (opacity), namely the ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidation, crazy-paving pattern, septal thickening, and pulmonary fibrosis giving score (0-4) for 0, 25, 50, and ≥ 75% involvement, respectively, with the sum representing the total severity scores for the whole lung (0-20). In our study, qualitative chest findings such as consolidation, air bronchogram, septal thickening, lung fibrosis, and pleural effusion showed a significant difference between group A and other groups (B and C) with P value < 0.001, but it could not differentiate between groups B and C. doi = 10.1186/s43055-020-00309-9 id = cord-275162-2239dk45 author = Gulla, Krishna Mohan title = Course of Illness after Viral Infection in Indian Children with Cystic Fibrosis date = 2018-06-09 keywords = Group summary = doi = 10.1093/tropej/fmy033 id = cord-281309-c9y7m5do author = Guo, Baoqing title = Experimental infection of United States swine with a Chinese highly pathogenic strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus date = 2013-01-20 keywords = BALF; Group; PRRSV; pig; vr-2332 summary = doi = 10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.013 id = cord-296606-aizjzglo author = Guo, Tingting title = Fangcang Shelter Hospital in Wuhan: A radiographic report on a cohort of 98 COVID-19 patients date = 2020-07-30 keywords = GGO; Group summary = Among the 94 CT abnormalities obtained within 3 days from the twice RT-PCR test turned negative, the mixed pattern was mainly presented in patients with disease duration of 2-3 weeks, for GGO and reticular were common during the whole course. Conclusion: Discharged patients from fangcang shelter hospital demonstrated a high extent of lung abnormalities on CT within the first week from symptom onset, peaked at 2(nd) week, followed by persistence of high levels and a prolonged median disease course. Therefore, the similar peak time, despite the higher initial CT score, when compared to the previous reports might have revealed the progressive nature of the disease at the absence of complicated treatments in the fangcang shelter hospitals, which was also evidenced by the slow decrease and persistent high CT scores after the 2 nd week in our study that was suggestive of the slow absorption of the COVID-19 lung lesions. doi = 10.7150/ijms.48074 id = cord-280064-rz8cglyt author = Gwizdałła, Tomasz title = Viral disease spreading in grouped population date = 2020-08-27 keywords = Fig; group; model summary = doi = 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105715 id = cord-278032-27ikx97x author = GÖKER, Hakan title = The effects of blood group types on the risk of COVID-19 infection and its clinical outcome date = 2020-06-23 keywords = blood; group summary = doi = 10.3906/sag-2005-395 id = cord-298569-174bzxdh author = Gånheim, Charina title = Acute phase proteins as indicators of calf herd health date = 2006-03-20 keywords = SAA; app; group summary = doi = 10.1016/j.tvjl.2006.01.011 id = cord-260272-645g3to1 author = Haddad, Kevin title = COVID-19 implications on STEMI care date = 2020-09-19 keywords = Group; STEMI summary = In the context of a global lockdown, both new organizational barriers and patients'' fear of acquiring COVID-19 have led to major concerns of undue delays in seeking appropriate emergent care, in particular for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. A total of 167 patients with STEMI were included in our analysis (72 from the Cité-de-la-Santé Killip class at time of hospital presentation was more advanced for patients with a STEMI during the lockdown period compared to the pre-COVID era, with significantly more cases categorized as a Killip class >1 (Group A 18.3% vs. J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f Journal Pre-proof MACE rates after the index procedure for patients admitted during the lockdown period were significantly higher than those observed in 2019 during the same period or the one recorded between January and mid-March 2020 (22.6% vs. Indeed, our study highlights that, during the lockdown period, delays in seeking care were associated with more advanced heart failure on presentation and significantly higher rates of inhospital MACE. doi = 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.09.024 id = cord-299881-weptfpa2 author = Halvachizadeh, Sascha title = The impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic on trauma bay management and guideline adherence in a European level-one-trauma centre date = 2020-07-28 keywords = Group; patient; trauma summary = doi = 10.1007/s00264-020-04740-5 id = cord-024698-jrnw1i07 author = Hogan, Kevin title = Decidio: A Pilot Implementation and User Study of a Novel Decision-Support System date = 2020-04-25 keywords = Decidio; group; ranking summary = 3 we present the use case for the user study of Decidio and demonstrate how our tool was incorporated into an existing group decision-making process. Students logged into Decidio via their personal laptops and navigated to the group project ranking dashboard. Learn their process, methods, and strategies employed for decision-making when ranking projects as a group 3. An activity log file created for every user that captured their actions as a workflow diagram was used to understand how student groups used Decidio in their decision making process. Finally, it is difficult to generalize results about user behavior in the tool when each team consists of a different mix of personalities and individual ranking preferences. In this paper, we present Decidio, a software tool that supports collaborative decision making. The activity logs showed us the various workflows used by student groups for decision-making. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-48641-9_14 id = cord-032410-g546hez9 author = Hu, Yuan title = Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of KXS on Postmyocardial Infarction Depression date = 2020-08-27 keywords = KXS; depression; group summary = In the present study, we aimed to explore whether KXS had both antidepressive effects and cardioprotective functions in a rat model of myocardial ischemia (MI) with depression. RESULTS: After 7 weeks of experiment, depression-like behaviors were observed in all the groups except for control and KXS groups, and KXS treatment dramatically increased open-field test scores and sucrose consumption (P < 0.01 vs. However, after 28 days, the sucrose consumption and open-field test scores were significantly reduced in the depression and model groups (data not shown), and such results were consistent with previous study . In the present study, we found that KXS had antidepressive effect and cardioprotective function by a rat model of MI with depression. After KXS treatment, open-field test scores, and sucrose consumption, which are indicators for evaluating depression-like behaviors, were significantly increased compared with the model group. doi = 10.3389/fphar.2020.561817 id = cord-344411-lkgcxjya author = Huang, Qiqi title = The relationship between liver-kidney impairment and viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in embryonic chickens date = 2017-06-01 keywords = NIBV; group; kidney summary = title: The relationship between liver-kidney impairment and viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in embryonic chickens Abstract To examine the relationship of impairments of the liver and kidney with viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) infection in embryonic chickens, 120 specific-pathogen-free Leghorn embryonated chicken eggs were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control), with three replicates per group and 20 eggs in each replicate. This study attempted to infect embryonic chickens with NIBV and determine the plasma liver and kidney function indices and the tissue viral loads and to explore the relationships of the impairments in the liver and kidney with viral load. Our study demonstrated that liver and kidney damage were strongly related to the viral loads of the tissues following nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in embryonic chickens. doi = 10.3382/ps/pew455 id = cord-317344-wznzmssz author = Iannitti, T. title = Therapeutical use of probiotic formulations in clinical practice date = 2010-06-23 keywords = FOS; IBS; author; group; lactobacillus; patient; probiotic; study; treatment summary = Now we are going to report some of the several studies involving the use of probiotic formulations to evaluate their efficacy for the treatment of allergic diseases basing on their ability to change either the composition and/or the metabolic activities of the microbiota or modulate immune system reactivity in a way that benefits health. One hundred and sixteen patients with IBS fulfilling the Rome II criteria were randomized in a parallel group, double-blind study to receive a placebo or a probiotic combination (1  10 10 cfu) once daily for four weeks. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed at determining the efficacy of a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus for the prevention of any diarrhea associated with antibiotic use and caused by Clostridium difficile. doi = 10.1016/j.clnu.2010.05.004 id = cord-294839-qxn22td0 author = Ibfelt, T. title = Effect of cleaning and disinfection of toys on infectious diseases and micro-organisms in daycare nurseries date = 2014-12-01 keywords = Denmark; group summary = doi = 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.10.007 id = cord-285323-473d7zvg author = Jang, Hyesun title = Altered pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels in chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus date = 2013-09-01 keywords = IBV; PCR; group summary = The KIIa genotype (Kr/ADL110002/2011) induced clinical signs accompanied by the excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and a higher viral load. In chickens infected with this isolate, simultaneous peaks in the viral copy number and cytokine production were observed at 7 dpi in the trachea and 9 d postinoculation in the kidney. In chickens infected with this isolate, simultaneous peaks in the viral copy number and cytokine production were observed at 7 dpi in the trachea and 9 d postinoculation in the kidney. In this study, we observed changes in the transcriptional levels of 3 pro-inflammatory cytokines that are known to be involved in the innate immune response in chickens (Hong et al., 2006; Davison et al., 2008) after inoculation with 2 IB isolates. On the other hand, an active infection of the ChVI genotype isolate kr/ADL120003/2012, which resulted in an increase in serum AGP level at 9 dpi (Table 3) , evoked only a limited range of pro-inflammatory responses. doi = 10.3382/ps.2013-03116 id = cord-299691-jton1oig author = Jové-Blanco, A. title = Video discharge instructions for pediatric gastroenteritis in an emergency department: a randomized, controlled trial date = 2020-10-08 keywords = group; instruction summary = The aim was to evaluate if the addition of video discharge instructions (VDIs) to usual verbal information improved the comprehension of information provided to caregivers of patients who consult for acute gastroenteritis (AGE). This study was designed to evaluate if the addition of VDI to usual verbal information improved the comprehension of the information provided to caregivers of patients who consult in PED for acute gastroenteritis. In the first group of subjects (control group), caregivers received, after completing the test and prior to discharge, the usual verbal information and recommendations about AGE following the guidelines of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Emergencies [16] . This test also included questions about subsequent visits to either emergency units or outpatient pediatric clinics, satisfaction with the information (caregivers were asked to evaluate information in a score 0-10) and a question about whether they perceived video instructions as potentially useful tool or not. doi = 10.1007/s00431-020-03827-w id = cord-326431-42luhd4s author = Järvelä, Sanna title = Advocating for group interaction in the age of COVID-19 date = 2020-07-08 keywords = collaborative; group summary = doi = 10.1007/s11412-020-09324-4 id = cord-234996-hah19vmk author = Kabiri, Aliakbar title = How different age groups responded to the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of mobility behaviors: a case study of the United States date = 2020-07-20 keywords = COVID-19; group summary = In this paper, we attempt to fill the current gap in the literature by examining how different communities with different age groups performed social distancing by following orders such as the national emergency declaration on March 13, as well as how fast they started changing their behavior after the regulations were imposed. For this purpose, we calculated the behavior changes of people in different mobility metrics, such as percentage of people staying home during the study period (March, April, and May 2020), in different age groups in comparison to the days before the pandemic (January and February 2020), by utilizing anonymized and privacy-protected mobile device data. Several aspects of mobility patterns including percentage of people staying at home and social distancing index, have been investigated in this paper to illustrate how different age groups behave during the pandemic. doi = nan id = cord-014538-6a2pviol author = Kamilia, Chtara title = Proceedings of Réanimation 2017, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date = 2017-01-10 keywords = ARDS; Antoine; Ben; Care; ECMO; EEG; Fig; France; François; ICU; Intensive; January; Jean; Mohamed; NIV; Nicolas; Pierre; VAP; acute; associate; day; group; high; mortality; patient; study summary = Other parameters that were significantly different between the patients who died and those who survived were an advanced age, an elevated IGS II score at hospital admission, an elevated SOFA score at study entry, a late healthcare-associated infection and several biological variables: a high C reactive protein, low albumin and prealbumin and a poor percent of monocytes expressing HLA-DR, all measured at day 7. Parameters collected were demographic features, comorbidities, regular treatment, dyspnea assessed by the MRC scale, initial clinical severity reflected by SAPS II and APACHE II scores, modalities and ICU admission deadlines, initial arterial blood gas analysis, management of patients in the ICU (ventilation modalities, prescription of antibiotics, use of vasoactive drugs) and their outcomes (incidence of nosocomial infections and their sites, length of stay and ICU mortality). doi = 10.1186/s13613-016-0224-7 id = cord-348785-f67amppy author = Kapicibaşi, Hasan Oğuz title = Pulmonary effects of ozone therapy at different doses combined with antibioticotherapy in experimental sepsis model date = 2020-07-13 keywords = Group; ozone; sepsis summary = PURPOSE: This experimental sepsis model created with Escherichia coli aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of two different doses of ozone combined with antibiotherapy on lung tissue. Based on the known positive and negative effects of ozone, in our study we aimed to assess the effect of two different doses of ozone therapy added to antibiotic treatment in an experimental sepsis model induced with Escherichia coli on the histopathologic findings observed in the inflammatory process in the lungs. In an experimental necrotizing pancreatitis model, ozone therapy was seen to be more effective to reduce oxidative stress levels, tissue injury and bacterial translocation rates compared to hyperbaric oxygen treatment 30 . Data obtained as a result of our study lead to the consideration that ozone therapy administered in addition to antibiotherapy may cause negative effects on lung tissue damaged due to sepsis. doi = 10.1590/s0102-865020200060000004 id = cord-048469-xa9a5p0q author = Klune, John R title = HMGB1: Endogenous Danger Signaling date = 2008-04-11 keywords = HMGB1; TLR4; group; high summary = doi = 10.2119/2008-00034.klune id = cord-007580-qwh8ei60 author = Knopf, Harry L.S. title = Clinical and Immunologic Responses in Patients with Viral Keratoconjunctivitis date = 2014-09-26 keywords = Group; Table; patient; titer summary = We had three major goals: to determine the rate of viral recovery from cases of nonepidemic acute or subacute follicular conjunc tivitis; to compare the accuracy of clinical diagnoses with that achieved by culture or serologic studies, or both; and to explore the possible role of serum antibody in the forma tion and maintenance of corneal subepithelial infiltrates. 4 VIRAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS 663 antibody titers to vaccinia, herpes, coxsackievirus A-9, A-16, and A-21, and four strains of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis virus were similarly assayed by serum neutraliza tion tests in human diploid fibroblast tissue culture. Table 2* shows the difference between the number of positive isolates ob tained by culturing before or after the eighth * All of the data for the epidemic keratoconjunc tivitis group were published elsewhere, except for the corneal quantitative material in clinical studies.'' day of illness. doi = 10.1016/0002-9394(75)90398-0 id = cord-261163-n9tp9nx7 author = Ko, Jae-Hoon title = Serologic responses of 42 MERS-coronavirus-infected patients according to the disease severity date = 2017-10-31 keywords = Group; MERS summary = Abstract We evaluated serologic response of 42 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)-infected patients according to 4 severity groups: asymptomatic infection (Group 0), symptomatic infection without pneumonia (Group 1), pneumonia without respiratory failure (Group 2), and pneumonia progressing to respiratory failure (Group 3). Based on these findings, we evaluated serologic response of 42 MERS-CoV-infected patients according to the disease severity to investigate potential role of serodiagnostic parameters as prognostic markers. Although different seroconversion rates depending on disease severity can be inferred from previous serologic investigation (Min et al., 2016) , the number of evaluated MERS patients was limited to 14 and neutralization testing was not performed. Serologic response was delayed in Group 3 patients, and negative seroconversion by the third week of illness was associated with fatal outcome among patients with MERS pneumonia (HR 27.83, 95% CI 2.76-280.21, P = 0.005). doi = 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2017.07.006 id = cord-259996-uhrhsrky author = Lee, Seul Bee title = Cardiac Function in Kawasaki Disease Patients with Respiratory Symptoms date = 2015-07-16 keywords = Kawasaki; group summary = doi = 10.4070/kcj.2015.45.4.317 id = cord-286779-si3qml42 author = Li, Hai-yan title = Modulation of Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production, and Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in the Cecum of Porcine Deltacoronavirus-Infected Chicks date = 2020-06-04 keywords = HNZK-02; group; pdcov summary = title: Modulation of Gut Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production, and Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in the Cecum of Porcine Deltacoronavirus-Infected Chicks Results obtained using 16S rRNA sequencing showed that infection with PDCoV strain HNZK-02 significantly altered the composition of chick gut microbiota, with the reduced abundance of Eisenbergiella and Anaerotruncus genera at 5 days post-inoculation (dpi) (P < 0.05), and an increased abundance of Alistipes genus at 17 dpi (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-10) was increased in the cecum tissue and serum of the PDCoV HNZK-02–infected chicks when detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Further analysis showed significant correlation between bacterial genera and SCFAs or inflammatory cytokines expression in cecum of the PDCoV infected chicks. Three hundred and seventeen OTUs of the total gut microbial richness (375) were shared between the samples of mock and PDCoV HNZK-02 groups at 17 dpi (Figure 1 ). doi = 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00897 id = cord-343418-519vkzci author = Li, Hao title = Study on the Performance Degradation of Sandstone under Acidification date = 2020-10-21 keywords = acid; group summary = X-ray diffraction qualitative analysis of the composition and concentration of ions shows that the formation of white precipitates is citric acid and Mg promotes the conversion of amorphous calcium carbonate to high-crystallinity calcite, forming a white precipitate. Due to the influence of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the research period was extended to 93 days, and it was unexpectedly concluded that the citric acid action promoted the precipitation of regular carbonate in the sandstone, resulting in calcium crystals, and an experimental analysis of the reasons for precipitation. Group 5 shows a relatively high ion content, indicating that hydrochloric acid and acetic acid both react with minerals in the sandstone, although the cores used in groups 4 and 7 are the most damaged due to the formation of precipitated substances by weak acids. doi = 10.1021/acsomega.0c04312 id = cord-301687-wadf3c3i author = Li, Yan title = Association of “initial CT” findings with mortality in older patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) date = 2020-06-10 keywords = group summary = Although radiation dose [7, 8] needs to be considered, chest CT as reported previously plays an important role in disease diagnosis, monitoring, severity stratification, and evaluation of treatment response in patients with COVID-19 [9, 10] , which goes beyond the ability of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In this single-center study, aiming to further identify the value of chest CT in clinical management of COVID-19, we evaluated the association of initial chest CT findings obtained at admission with severity and clinical outcomes in older patients with COVID-19. In the survival (n = 52) and death (n = 46) groups, the patients were sub-grouped based on the time interval between symptom onset and the "initial CT" scan: subgroup1 (interval ≤ 5 days), subgroup2 (interval between 6 and 10 days), and subgroup3 (interval > 10 days). In subgroup1 and subgroup2, patients underwent CT scans within 10 days after symptom onsets, where the mean score of "initial CT" was statistically higher in the death group than in the survival group. doi = 10.1007/s00330-020-06969-5 id = cord-004342-9uok77wb author = Lin, Chun-Yu title = Elderly versus non-elderly patients undergoing surgery for left-sided native valve infective endocarditis: A 10-year institutional experience date = 2020-02-14 keywords = elderly; group; patient summary = title: Elderly versus non-elderly patients undergoing surgery for left-sided native valve infective endocarditis: A 10-year institutional experience This retrospective study aimed to clarify the shortand mid-term outcomes of elderly patients who underwent surgery to treat left-sided native valve infective endocarditis (LSNIE). The elderly group had a higher predicted mortality rate and a lower incidence of preoperative septic emboli-related complications. In this single-centre study, a comparative cohort of patients who underwent surgical treatment for active LSNIE is presented, which includes 38 elderly patients aged >65 years. Due to the increase in average life expectancy and the higher incidence of cardiovascular disease with advancing age, more elderly patients nowadays present for cardiac surgery 22 . Therefore, we suggest that a guideline-directed surgical strategy according to the presence of complications, which include embolism events, large vegetation, heart failure, or uncontrolled infection, would be beneficial to improve the mid-term outcomes of elderly patients with LSNIE. doi = 10.1038/s41598-020-59657-1 id = cord-253308-wgseqk4t author = Liu, Chang title = PCV cap proteins fused with calreticulin expressed into polymers in Escherichia coli with high immunogenicity in mice date = 2020-08-27 keywords = CRT; Cap; PCV2; group summary = doi = 10.1186/s12917-020-02527-9 id = cord-305092-q4tlj1jd author = Lu, Jingjing title = Clinical characteristics and factors affecting the duration of positive nucleic acid test for patients of COVID‐19 in XinYu, China date = 2020-08-29 keywords = Group summary = title: Clinical characteristics and factors affecting the duration of positive nucleic acid test for patients of COVID‐19 in XinYu, China The aim of this study was to articulate the clinical characteristics of COVID‐19 and to reveal possible factors that may affect the persistent time of positive SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid test, so as to identify which patients may deteriorate or have poor prognoses as early as possible. RESULTS: In this study, patients were divided into two groups based on whether their SARS‐CoV‐2 nucleic acid tests in respiratory specimens turn negative within (Group Rapid or Group R) or over (Group Slow or Group S) a week. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 include the exposure history and typical systemic symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, decreased WBC and lymphocyte counts, and infiltration in both lower lobes on CT imaging. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study doi = 10.1002/jcla.23534 id = cord-344121-k58c0jf3 author = Lundgren, A.-L. title = Neurological disease and encephalitis in cats experimentally infected with Borna disease virus date = 1997 keywords = BDV; Borna; cat; group summary = Barrier-bred cats were inoculated intracerebrally with either the rabbit-adapted Borna disease virus (BDV) strain V or a newly isolated feline BDV, obtained from a cat with natural staggering disease (SD). Using immunohistochemistry and a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay, BDV-specific antigen and nucleic acid could be demonstrated in brain samples from each cat with encephalitis, showing that incomplete viral clearance was probably responsible for the maintenance of inflammation. The successful induction of neurological signs and encephalitis in one cat infected with feline BDV, together with the detection of BDV-specific antigen and nucleic acid in the brain, provides strong evidence for the notion that BDV is the etiological agent behind feline SD. Of the cats in group II (cats inoculated with feline BDV), cat 6 had a few antigen-containing neurons and glial cells in the laterobasal temporal cortex, close to a region with several adventitial cuffs. doi = 10.1007/s004010050630 id = cord-010530-w8ir0e07 author = MOURA, HERCULES title = Acanthamoeba healyi N. Sp. and the Isoenzyme and Immunoblot Profiles of Acanthamoeba spp., Groups 1 and 3 date = 2007-05-01 keywords = Acanthamoeba; Fig; group summary = ABSTRACT Two strains of Acanthamoeba isolated from human brain tissue and a strain of Acanthamoeba isolated from a fish were compared with 10 species of Acanthamoeba belonging to groups 1, 2 and 3 based on their isoenzyme profiles and antigenic characteristics. The isoenzymes and antigens were electrophoretically separated on polyacrylamide gradient gels, and the patterns obtained were compared after appropriate staining for particular enzymes and reactivities with homologous and heterologous rabbit anti‐Acanthamoeba antisera. This paper presents the methods used to isolate Acanthamoeba from the CNS of humans and identify them to the species level based on morphologic characteristics and isoenzyme and antigenic profiles. A small piece of the biopsied brain tissue was frozen and sent to the Centers for Disease Control, where Acanthamoeba (CDC: 1283:V013) was isolated on non-nutrient agar plates seeded with Escherichia coli and MRC human lung cell culture [ 131. doi = 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb04853.x id = cord-324326-q014b5ym author = MURAKAMI, Makoto title = Lipoquality control by phospholipase A(2) enzymes date = 2017-11-10 keywords = Group; PLA; acid; mouse; phospholipase; sPLA summary = The phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) family comprises a group of lipolytic enzymes that typically hydrolyze the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids to give rise to fatty acids and lysophospholipids. In terms of signal transduction, the phospholipase A 2 (PLA 2 ) reaction, which hydrolyzes the sn-2 position of phospholipids to yield fatty acids and lysophospholipids, has been considered to be of particular importance, since arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4), one of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) released from membrane phospholipids by PLA 2 , is metabolized by cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOXs) to lipid mediators including prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs), which are often referred to as eicosanoids (Fig. 1) . 36) cPLA 2 C (group IVE PLA 2 ) exhibits a unique transacylase activity that transfers sn-1 fatty acid of PC to an amino residue of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to form N-acyl-PE, a precursor of the endocannabinoid lipid mediator N-acylethanolamine. doi = 10.2183/pjab.93.043 id = cord-342391-arp07mck author = Magiorkinis, G. title = Phylogenetic analysis of the full‐length SARS‐CoV sequences: Evidence for phylogenetic discordance in three genomic regions date = 2004-09-14 keywords = Group; SARS summary = Evidence based on Bayesian scanning plots and phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods indicates that SARS‐CoV, for the largest part of the genome (∼80%), is more closely related to Group II coronaviruses sequences, whereas in three regions in the ORF1ab gene it shows no apparent similarity to any of the previously characterized groups of coronaviruses. Bayesian scanning and subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed that the SARS-CoV sequence was related more closely to Group II than the other two groups in most of its genome (e.g., at the region spanning amino acid positions 4309-5612 in reference to the murine hepatitis virus ORF1ab gene) (Fig. 1) . This clustering was supported by high quartet puzzling support values and high posterior probabilities under various substitution models, thus suggesting that 80% of the SARS-CoV genomic sequence is related more closely to coronaviruses Group II than any other members of this family. doi = 10.1002/jmv.20187 id = cord-239632-dyvhzvmm author = McGuigan, Michael title = Pandemic modeling and the renormalization group equations: Effect of contact matrices, fixed points and nonspecific vaccine waning date = 2020-08-03 keywords = SIRD; group summary = title: Pandemic modeling and the renormalization group equations: Effect of contact matrices, fixed points and nonspecific vaccine waning Figure 6 : Infections as a function of time for two age groups (0 − 49) and 50+ where there is a nondiagonal contact matrix in the SIRD model describing the interaction between the two age groups during the pandemic. Figure 7 : Deaths as a function of time for two age groups (0 − 49) and 50+ where there is a nondiagonal contact matrix in the SIRD model describing the interaction between the two age groups during the pandemic. We put these features together in models with mixing between different age groups, mixing with different countries and the effect of waning of nonspecific vaccines that were designed for different diseases but can lessen the severity of infection and mortality for a pathogen associated with a pandemic. doi = nan id = cord-286539-3sr4djft author = Mentus, Cassidy title = Analysis and Applications of Adaptive Group Testing Methods for COVID-19 date = 2020-04-07 keywords = group; test summary = doi = 10.1101/2020.04.05.20050245 id = cord-312497-6cd7dolj author = Mishra, Anurag title = Evaluation of Gasless Laparoscopy as a Tool for Minimal Access Surgery in Low- to Middle-Income Countries: A Phase II Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Study date = 2020-08-19 keywords = COL; GAL; group summary = title: Evaluation of Gasless Laparoscopy as a Tool for Minimal Access Surgery in Lowto Middle-Income Countries: A Phase II Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Study The current study compares GAL with conventional Laparoscopic surgeries [COL] for general surgical procedures METHODS: A single-centre, non-blinded randomized control trial [RCT] was conducted to evaluate non inferiority of GAL versus COL at a teaching hospital in New Delhi. The Gas Insufflation Less Laparoscopic Surgeries [GAL] offers a solution to the challenges associated with conventional laparoscopy [COL] . However, considering the ethical issues, we planned a non-inferiority study to compare GAL using Stan Laparoscopy Positioner device [SLP] (Fig 1) with conventional laparoscopy (COL) for general surgical procedures. In a paper form, data was recorded on demographics, clinical profile, operative times, vital signs, use of analgesia, efficiency, procedure safety, patient and surgeon satisfaction. doi = 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.07.783 id = cord-355190-ytdw1d5v author = Mok, Chi Chiu title = Trend of Survival of a Cohort of Chinese Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Over 25 Years date = 2020-09-11 keywords = SLE; group; patient summary = Organ damage as assessed by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) damage index (SDI) and causes of death in the first 10 years of SLE onset was compared between the two groups. Cox regression showed that the age of SLE onset and damage score accrued at 10 years, but not the time period in which SLE was diagnosed, were significantly associated with mortality. Organ damage, mortality, and causes of death in the first 10 years of SLE diagnosis were also compared between the two groups. Covariates included in the model were age of SLE onset, sex, SDI score, renal involvement, ever use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) within 10 years of diagnosis, and time period in which patients were diagnosed. Long-term survival of southern Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of all age-groups Factors associated with damage accrual in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with no clinical or serological disease activity: a multicentre cohort study doi = 10.3389/fmed.2020.00552 id = cord-342210-r8vxz5vu author = Mukherjee, Pranab K. title = Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the safety and effectiveness of a novel dual-action oral topical formulation against upper respiratory infections date = 2017-01-14 keywords = arm; group; placebo; study summary = We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ARMS-I™ (currently marketed as Halo™) in the prevention of URIs. METHODS: ARMS-I is patented novel formulation for the prevention and treatment of influenza, comprising a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) and components (glycerin and xanthan gum) that form a barrier on the host mucosa, thus preventing viral contact and invasion. The primary objectives were to establish whether ARMS-I decreased the frequency, severity or duration of URIs. Secondary objectives were to evaluate safety, tolerability, rate of virus detection, acceptability and adherence; effect on URI-associated absenteeism and medical visits; and effect of prior influenza vaccination on study outcomes. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of ARMS-I, a novel intra-oral formulation in the prevention of URIs in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial in healthy adults. doi = 10.1186/s12879-016-2177-8 id = cord-317410-hc06yo32 author = Muthanna, Abdulrahman title = Clinical Screening Tools to Diagnose Group A Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis in Primary Care Clinics to Improve Prescribing Habits date = 2018-12-28 keywords = antibiotic; group; pharyngotonsillitis; streptococcal summary = doi = 10.21315/mjms2018.25.6.2 id = cord-274497-tqceazdp author = N. Nuñez, Luis Fabian title = Molecular Characterization and Pathogenicity of Chicken Parvovirus (ChPV) in Specific Pathogen-Free Chicks Infected Experimentally date = 2020-07-25 keywords = ChPV; day; group summary = In the present work, the pathogenicity, viral tissue distribution and molecular characterization of ChPV in chicks from a strain isolated in Brazil were determined with a demonstration of Koch''s postulates according to our previous description [21] . In the present work, the pathogenicity, viral tissue distribution and molecular characterization of ChPV in chicks from a strain isolated in Brazil were determined with a demonstration of Koch''s postulates according to our previous description [21] . Experimental infections with isolated ChPV (ABU-P1) have demonstrated that the virus causes enteric diseases, resulting mainly in chickens with diarrhea, cloacal pasting, impaired growth, runting and stunting [32] . Lesions were previously described in commercial chicken flocks affected with RSS and reported by our own group [21] ; the duodenal loop presented the same features, demonstrating Koch''s postulates in relation to ChPV and experimentally infected chickens. doi = 10.3390/pathogens9080606 id = cord-306145-5uf0hj6a author = Nalbantoglu, Ozkan Ufuk title = Group testing performance evaluation for SARS-CoV-2 massive scale screening and testing date = 2020-07-02 keywords = group; pooling; testing summary = doi = 10.1186/s12874-020-01048-1 id = cord-010390-lc22hp3o author = Nenna, Raffaella title = Age Limit in Bronchiolitis Diagnosis: 6 or 12 Months? date = 2020-04-20 keywords = group; month summary = Bronchiolitis is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and the major responsible factor of hospitalization under the age of one year, with the highest incidence occurring between December to March. The bivariate logistic regression designed to investigate the possible confounding factors (sex, clinical severity score, days of hospitalization and exposure to passive smoking, RSV, hBoV, and IV fluid) showed that the 6-12 months group had an odds ratio of hBoV detected at the NPA of 12.84 (95% CI 3.60-45.80) and the need of IV fluid of 0.45 (95% CI 0.20-0.99). According to our findings of a higher occurrence within the epidemic season and of the slightly higher frequency of recurrent wheezing at 36 months'' follow-up, infants > 6 months seems represent a different group of patients hospitalized for bronchiolitis, who are more predisposed to childhood asthma. • Bronchiolitis is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and the major responsible factor of hospitalization under the age of one year. doi = 10.3389/fped.2020.00144 id = cord-026493-z2hthkgy author = Newsom, Megan title = New and Emerging Systemic Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis date = 2020-06-09 keywords = group; phase summary = In two phase III clinical trials, BREEZE-AD1 and BREEZE-AD2, by 16 weeks, a higher proportion of subjects in the treatment groups (1 mg, 2 mg, and 4 mg) achieved an IGA of 0 or 1, a ≥ 2-point improvement, and EASI-75 compared with the group receiving placebo (Table 1 ) [40] . In a phase IIb trial evaluating abrocitinib in moderate-to-severe AD by week 12, a higher proportion of subjects receiving 200 mg of drug and 100 mg of drug (43.8% and 29.6%) had an IGA of 0 or 1 plus a ≥ 2-point improvement from baseline compared with those receiving placebo (5.8%; p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) [41] . Efficacy and safety of dupilumab in adolescents with uncontrolled moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: a phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial Efficacy and safety of lebrikizumab, a high-affinity interleukin 13 inhibitor, in adults with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis: a phase 2b Randomized Clinical Trial doi = 10.1007/s40265-020-01335-7 id = cord-006864-t5qsjyfi author = Norris, S. title = National scientific medical meeting 1995 abstracts: Oral presentations date = 1995 keywords = group; patient; study summary = doi = 10.1007/bf02967283 id = cord-003024-17f1evh3 author = Nunes, Márcio Roberto Teixeira title = Revalidation and genetic characterization of new members of Group C (Orthobunyavirus genus, Peribunyaviridae family) isolated in the Americas date = 2018-05-24 keywords = Group summary = Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic trees were constructed using nucleotide and amino acids sequences of viruses reported in our study and additional sequences of members of Group C viruses with complete coding sequences (S, M, and L) available in the GenBank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) until 10 th of April of 2018. Our results showed that the complete SRNA segments of Group C viruses ranged from 1,003 to 1,111 nucleotides (nt) and presents the open reading frame (ORF) of the nucleocapsid (N) protein, with a conserved size of 235 amino acids (aa) and 26.72 to 27.03 kDa for all viruses (Fig 1) . To better understand the genetic relationships among group C viruses, we conducted the ML trees based on the complete coding sequences in nucleotide and amino acids level for all segments (Fig 3 and S1 Fig) . doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0197294 id = cord-017067-19eawrjt author = Ogbondah, Chris Wolumati title = Terrorists and Social Media Messages: A Critical Analysis of Boko Haram’s Messages and Messaging Techniques date = 2017-10-24 keywords = Boko; Haram; Shekau; State; group; islamic; nigerian; propaganda summary = An examination of Boko Haram''s attempts to win the battle for the hearts and minds of Nigerians through a deliberate use of video propaganda as well as a critical analysis of the statements by its leader, Shekau, will provide governmental and institutional policymakers in Nigeria a deeper understanding of the nature and operations of Boko Haram. 1) This chapter is also significant because by analyzing the speeches made by Boko Haram''s leader in the social media and in particular YouTube videos and major acts of terrorism carried out by the group, Nigerian and West African leaders and leaders elsewhere in the world might further understand how the minds of the leaders of terrorist organizations work. In one thirty-six-minute YouTube video that the authors accessed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MgdKblgzggQ, Shekau boasts that the avalanche of weapons that Boko Haram captured from fleeing Nigerian soldiers including those seized during its attack on Baga in Borno State would be enough for the Jihadists to successfully prosecute the entire war. doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-70443-2_18 id = cord-030277-x9zvx3fp author = Ohta, Yoshinori title = Effect of dexmedetomidine on inflammation in patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation: a sub-analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial date = 2020-08-10 keywords = CRP; DEX; group summary = title: Effect of dexmedetomidine on inflammation in patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation: a sub-analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial We explored the effects of administering dexmedetomidine on the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin, and thus on inflammation, in patients with sepsis enrolled in a randomized clinical trial. METHODS: The DESIRE trial was a multicenter randomized clinical trial in which adult patients with sepsis were sedated with (DEX group) or without (non-DEX group) dexmedetomidine while on mechanical ventilators. We analyzed data derived from a randomized clinical trial and found that the administration of dexmedetomidine to patients with sepsis on ventilators improved CRP and PCT levels during the first 14 days in the ICU. In the present study, the use of dexmedetomidine for sedation reduced both CRP and PCT levels in patients with sepsis. Effect of dexmedetomidine on mortality and ventilator-free days in patients requiring mechanical ventilation with sepsis: a randomized clinical trial doi = 10.1186/s13054-020-03207-8 id = cord-329468-vjsurl60 author = Okino, Cintia Hiromi title = Early immune responses and development of pathogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis viruses with different virulence profiles date = 2017-02-15 keywords = Fig; IBV; group summary = doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0172275 id = cord-021419-nypnib0h author = Olsufyeva, Evgenia N. title = Main trends in the design of semi-synthetic antibiotics of a new generation date = 2020-03-17 keywords = activity; antibiotic; compound; gram; group; scheme summary = In this review, the following classes of compounds are considered as scaffolds for the synthesis of new antibiotics: polycyclic glycopeptides of the vancomycin ± teicoplanin group, classical macrolides, macrolides of the amphotericin B ± oligomycin group, anthracyclines, aureolic acid derivatives, heliomycin, synthetic benzoxaboroles and some other antibiotics. 42 Antibacterial activity of derivatives 52 ± 55 modified at the C(11)7OH group of the aglycone was evaluated compared to the starting antibiotics vancomycin (1) and azithromycin (30) on a panel of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacterial strains (8 and 3 strains, respectively). In order to improve antifungal properties, cytotoxic and therapeutic characteristics and to study the mechanisms of action, series of new semi-synthetic derivatives based on AmB (63a) and bioengineered analogues S44HP (64a), BSG005 (65a), BSG022 (66a), BSG019 (67), BSG003 (68a) and BSG018 (69) were synthesized (in collaboration with the company BIOSERGEN, Norway) (Scheme 17). doi = 10.1070/rcr4892 id = cord-289865-36ai2xgy author = Paddon, Laura Isobel title = Therapeutic or detrimental mobilities? Walking groups for older adults date = 2020-04-28 keywords = group; walk summary = doi = 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102346 id = cord-284804-6i5zbmm1 author = Pan, Feng title = Factors associated with death outcome in patients with severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): a case-control study date = 2020-05-18 keywords = covid-19; group; patient summary = doi = 10.7150/ijms.46614 id = cord-003913-jr9hj0bs author = Park, Hyeong-Jun title = Comprehensive Analysis of the Safety Profile of a Single-Stranded RNA Nano-Structure Adjuvant date = 2019-09-07 keywords = adjuvant; figure; group summary = Furthermore, poly I:C induced higher pro-inflammatory cytokines than those of ssRNA nanostructure adjuvant in RAW 264.7 cells, which are a mouse macrophage cell line ( Figure S3 , detailed in supplementary methods), indicating poly I:C may stimulate a stronger inflammation response compared to that of the ssRNA nano-structure adjuvant. Not only the liver, which is a typical organ studied to assess toxicity, but also the lungs, kidneys, injection sites, and immune-related organs (spleen and thymus) were stained with H + E to observe local and systemic toxicity, including cellular damage and inflammatory cell infiltration, associated with the ssRNA nano-structure adjuvant (Figure 4 ). Not only the liver, which is a typical organ studied to assess toxicity, but also the lungs, kidneys, injection sites, and immune-related organs (spleen and thymus) were stained with H + E to observe local and systemic toxicity, including cellular damage and inflammatory cell infiltration, associated with the ssRNA nano-structure adjuvant (Figure 4 ). doi = 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090464 id = cord-274396-l611eisi author = Park, Su-Jin title = Antiviral Efficacies of FDA-Approved Drugs against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Ferrets date = 2020-05-22 keywords = CoV-2; PBS; SARS; group summary = While the lopinavir-ritonavir-, hydroxychloroquine sulfate-, or emtricitabine-tenofovir-treated group exhibited lower overall clinical scores than the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated control group, the virus titers in nasal washes, stool specimens, and respiratory tissues were similar between all three antiviral-candidate-treated groups and the PBS-treated control group. Compared to the PBS-treated control group, azathioprine-immunosuppressed ferrets exhibited a longer period of clinical illness, higher virus titers in nasal turbinate, delayed virus clearance, and significantly lower serum neutralization (SN) antibody titers. In order to determine the antiviral efficacies of lopinavir-ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) sulfate, or emtricitabine-tenofovir for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection, SARS-CoV-2 antibody-free ferrets (10/group) were inoculated with 10 5.8 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID 50 )/ml of an NMC-nCoV02 strain through the intranasal (i.n.) route ( Fig. 1 ). Therefore, although clinical symptoms were attenuated in ferret groups treated with antiviral candidates, we also evaluated virus titers in respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts using nasal washes and stool samples, respectively, from SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets. doi = 10.1128/mbio.01114-20 id = cord-288528-f6oz6zyz author = Pastakia, Sonak D. title = Preserving 2 decades of healthcare gains for Africa in the coronavirus disease 2019 era date = 2020-10-01 keywords = care; group summary = doi = 10.1097/qad.0000000000002605 id = cord-282879-28nhr1hv author = Patel, Samir N. title = The impact of physician face mask use on endophthalmitis after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections date = 2020-09-02 keywords = face; group; mask summary = doi = 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.08.013 id = cord-339705-x8l3zgfd author = Patil, Vijaykumar title = An association between fingerprint patterns with blood group and lifestyle based diseases: a review date = 2020-08-18 keywords = blood; fingerprint; group; hand; loop; patient; pattern; whorl summary = Due to the immense potential of fingerprints as an effective method of identification, the present research paper tries to investigate the problem of blood group identification and analysis of diseases those arises with aging like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis from a fingerprint by analyzing their patterns correlation with blood group and age of an individual. The fingerprint having basic four categories which are loop, whorl, arch and composites but also there are more than 100 interleaved ridge and valleys which explore unique characteristics of an individual which will help to design Deep Neural Network or Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) which predict blood group and common clinical diseases like hypertension, type 2-diabetes and arthritis. From the present investigation, the accompanying ends are drawn: (1) Loops are the most regularly discovered fingerprint pattern and arches are minimal normal in the two guys and females and furthermore in "ABO" blood groups. doi = 10.1007/s10462-020-09891-w id = cord-337644-aobdzwpx author = Pianta, L. title = Acetic acid disinfection as a potential adjunctive therapy for non-severe COVID-19 date = 2020-05-24 keywords = group; patient summary = CONCLUSIONS: Considering its potential benefits and high availability, acetic acid disinfection appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy in cases of non-severe COVID-19 and deserves further investigation. Therefore, considering these antiviral properties and that the upper airways are the main site of SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication, we have explored the use of this historical therapy in early-stage cases of COVID-19 by evaluating patients who were administered a disinfecting formulation of acetic acid as an intranasal aerosol. Patients treated with off-label hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir, the standard treatment prescribed at that time, were included in group 1, whereas group 2 was composed of patients treated with hydroxychloroquine only, combined with acetic acid nasal disinfectant at a 0.34% concentration. Acetic acid disinfection could not only improve the clinical course of COVID-19, but also reduce viral load in the airway and in the droplets exhaled by infected individuals. doi = 10.1007/s00405-020-06067-8 id = cord-329669-z3t7plvh author = Poulton, Kay title = A role for human leucocyte antigens in the susceptibility to SARS‐Cov‐2 infection observed in transplant patients date = 2020-07-05 keywords = Group; HLA summary = HLA frequencies observed were compared against two control populations: first, against published frequencies in a UK deceased donor population (n = 10,000) representing the target population of the virus, and second, using a cohort of individuals from the combined transplant waiting lists of both centres (n = 308), representing a comparator group of unaffected individuals of the same demographic. This study investigated HLA profiles of patients admitted with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection to identify any potential HLA bias which might indicate an impaired capacity to mount an effective immune response to the infection. All patients included in the study had previously been HLA typed to support transplantation and required hospital treatment for COVID-19 disease, indicating that their symptoms were severe, requiring clinical support or intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc v19.3 (MedCalc Software) to compare frequencies of allele group carriage between the patient and control populations using Fisher''s exact test. doi = 10.1111/iji.12505 id = cord-262716-hea84shy author = Pourali, Fatemeh title = Relationship between blood group and risk of infection and death in COVID-19: a live meta-analysis date = 2020-08-11 keywords = ABO; covid-19; group summary = The reported results were controversial, so the objective of the present study is to assess the relationship between different blood groups and the onset and mortality of COVID-19 infection using meta-analysis method. Note that there are limited primary evidence regarding the association between blood groups and COVID19 infection, upcoming relevant studies will be added to the results of the present meta-analysis. Of the evidence included in this meta-analysis, five studies had reported the frequency of blood group AB among COVID-19 infected people varied between 3.08% and 13.68%. Combining the results of this two evidence, applying random effect model (I-square=0%, Q=0.41, P=0.522), the odd ratio for death among COVID-19 infected people having blood group A was estimated as 1.12 (95% CI: 0.87, 1.45). Meta-analysis of studies showed no significant association between mortality and different blood groups in COVID-19 patients. doi = 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100743 id = cord-276288-upv2o8f6 author = Prior, Sarah Jane title = Person-centred data collection methods to embed the authentic voice of people who experience health challenges date = 2020-07-21 keywords = group; patient; research summary = doi = 10.1136/bmjoq-2020-000912 id = cord-349720-2lxab3u2 author = Qin, Ling title = Phytomolecule icaritin incorporated PLGA/TCP scaffold for steroid-associated osteonecrosis: Proof-of-concept for prevention of hip joint collapse in bipedal emus and mechanistic study in quadrupedal rabbits date = 2015-05-15 keywords = Fig; SAON; bone; group summary = Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/tricalcium phosphate (P/T) scaffold providing sustained release of icaritin (a metabolite of Epimedium-derived flavonoids) was investigated as a bone defect filler after surgical core-decompression (CD) to prevent femoral head collapse in a bipedal SAON animal model using emu (a large flightless bird). In conclusion, both efficacy and mechanistic studies show the potential of a bioactive composite porous P/T scaffold incorporating icaritin to enhance bone defect repair after surgical CD and prevent femoral head collapse in a bipedal SAON emu model. Applying a recently established bipedal emu SAON model with femoral head collapse similar to that typically observed in patients [23] , this study was designed to test the ability of our unique PLGA/ TCP/icaritin scaffold to enhance bone defect repair within a bone tunnel after surgical CD and to prevent femoral head collapse. doi = 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.038 id = cord-001809-azb7nie3 author = Qvarnstrom, Yvonne title = Characterization of a New Pathogenic Acanthamoeba Species, A. byersi n. sp., Isolated from a Human with Fatal Amoebic Encephalitis date = 2013-07-24 keywords = 18S; Acanthamoeba; CDC; Group summary = DNA sequence analysis, secondary structure prediction, and phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rRNA gene confirmed that this new strain belonged to Group 1, but that it was distinct from the other sequence types within that group. Amoebae belonging to Group 2 cause the majority of reported human infections (both AK and Acanthamoeba GAE) and also constitute the majority of the strains isolated from the environment. As a complement to the morphologic classification, molecular analyses using nuclear small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene sequences have divided Acanthamoeba into 17 sequence types (designated T1-T17, also called ribotypes or genotypes) (Corsaro and Venditti 2010; Gast 2001; Gast et al. Molecular and structural analysis of the 18S rRNA gene concluded that it is genetically most similar to the other Group 1 species within the Acanthamoeba genus, confirming the description of CDC:V621 as a new Acanthamoeba Group I strain. doi = 10.1111/jeu.12069 id = cord-032979-jle66lmn author = ROMMEREIM, D. N. title = Reproduction, Growth, and Development of Rats during Chronic Exposure to Multiple Field Strengths of 60-Hz Electric Fields date = 1990-04-17 keywords = field; group; litter summary = journal: Fundam Appl Toxicol Female rats were mated, and sperm-positive animals randomly distributed among four groups: sham-exposed or exposed to 10, 65, or 130 kV/m, 60-Hz vertical electric fields. Female rats were mated, and sperm-positive animals randomly distributed among four groups: sham-exposed or exposed to 10, 65, or 130 kV/m, 60-Hz vertical electric fields. Accordingly, in the study reported here we tested for a treatment-related response, utilizing multiple exposure groups, including 65 -cV/m (effective field strength) as used in our arevious experiments; 130 kV/m which was :wice as strong as that used in the previous ,vork and had been shown to be tolerated by •ats (Rommereim et al, 1989) ; the lowest evel of exposure (10 kV/m) was chosen to deineate the response curve at lower field strengths or possibly to determine a no-obierved-effect level; and the fourth group was sham-exposed as a control. Mean number of live fetuses per litter was less in rats exposed to the 130 kV/m field, but it was not statistically different from the control group {p = 0.33). doi = 10.1093/toxsci/14.3.608 id = cord-103779-qobzttqa author = Rachwal, S. title = 5.01 1,2,3-Triazoles date = 2008-12-31 keywords = 1,2,3-triazole; benzotriazole; derivative; group; reaction; scheme; yield summary = doi = 10.1016/b978-008044992-0.00501-0 id = cord-261380-xms5su6w author = Rahmani, Hamid title = Interferon β-1b in treatment of severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial date = 2020-08-24 keywords = IFN; group; patient summary = Among an open-label, randomized clinical trial, adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with severe COVID-19 were randomly assigned (1:1) to the IFN group or the control group. According to the presence of this evidence, IFN β was considered as a promising option for the treatment of In this open-label, randomized clinical trial, efficacy and safety of IFN β-1b in the treatment of patients with severe CoVID-19 were assessed. This open-label, randomized clinical trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IFN β-1b in the treatment of patients with CoVID19 Adult patients (≥ 18 years old) with positive PCR and clinical symptoms/signs of pneumonia (including dyspnea, cough and fever), peripheral oxygen saturation (SPO 2 ) ≤ 93 % in ambient air or arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ) < 300 or SPO 2 /FiO 2 < 315 and lung involvement in chest imaging were included. doi = 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106903 id = cord-274121-3w6kc0c9 author = Ramiro, Sofia title = Historically controlled comparison of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab versus supportive care only in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome: results of the CHIC study date = 2020-07-20 keywords = COVID-19; CSS; group; patient; treatment summary = Objectives To prospectively investigate in patients with severe coVid-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome (css) whether an intensive course of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab accelerates clinical improvement, reduces mortality and prevents invasive mechanical ventilation, in comparison with a historic control group of patients who received supportive care only. Objectives To prospectively investigate in patients with severe coVid-19-associated cytokine storm syndrome (css) whether an intensive course of glucocorticoids with or without tocilizumab accelerates clinical improvement, reduces mortality and prevents invasive mechanical ventilation, in comparison with a historic control group of patients who received supportive care only. ► A strategy involving a course of high-dose glucocorticoids, followed by tocilizumab if needed, has shown to accelerate respiratory recovery, lower hospital mortality and reduce the likelihood of invasive mechanical ventilation compared with supportive care only in COVID-19-associated CSS. doi = 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218479 id = cord-332735-vfnbs2jn author = Rebmann, Terri title = Infection preventionists'' experience during the first months of the 2009 novel H1N1 influenza A pandemic date = 2009-12-31 keywords = H1N1; focus; group; participant summary = Reference materials needed for current and future pandemics Topics that require development into quick reference materials ranked by order of importance* Infection prevention guidance for nonacute care settings (ambulatory care, home health, physician offices, and others) Infection prevention guidance related to occupational health issues Evidence-based information for physician education Patient and family educational materials that are brief (eg, 1-page fact sheet) and available in multiple languages Patient management materials that are brief (eg, patient placement/isolation, PPE use, and others) Isolation precautions materials that are brief and simple: electronic format preferred Communication procedures when supplies run out Infection prevention guidance for pediatric facilities Resource management tool for supply allocation during a variety of events Screening tools and forms that are simple to use Algorithm/check list outlining steps of an outbreak investigation *Order of importance determined by the Nominal Group Method. doi = 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.09.003 id = cord-290256-mkfg7nar author = Ren, Zhigang title = A Randomized, Open‐label, Controlled Clinical Trial of Azvudine Tablets in the Treatment of Mild and Common COVID‐19, A Pilot Study date = 2020-07-14 keywords = COVID-19; FNC; group summary = doi = 10.1002/advs.202001435 id = cord-331270-12zx0o2p author = Rico, Timóteo Matthies title = Use of Text Messaging (SMS) for the Management of Side Effects in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment: a Randomized Controlled Trial date = 2020-09-30 keywords = cycle; effect; group; patient summary = title: Use of Text Messaging (SMS) for the Management of Side Effects in Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment: a Randomized Controlled Trial All text messages were sent to the intervention group patients in an automated and tailored way by our app called cHEmotHErApp. Side effects experienced by patients were verified using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). In our previous study, we showed the acceptance and perception of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy on an outpatient basis receiving daily text messages about prevention and managing side effects, as well as emotional support [30] . To our knowledge, the present study is the first clinical trial employing text messaging (SMS) with preventative advice and side effect management tips sent to cancer patients in outpatient chemotherapy. doi = 10.1007/s10916-020-01663-x id = cord-326723-jiauk4fq author = Risalde, María A title = Pathogenic mechanisms implicated in the intravascular coagulation in the lungs of BVDV-infected calves challenged with BHV-1 date = 2013-03-18 keywords = BHV-1; BVDV; bovine; figure; group summary = The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms responsible for vascular changes occurring in the lungs of calves infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and challenged later with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), evaluating the role of MΦs in the development of pathological lesions in this organ. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms responsible for ultrastructural and histopathological changes occurring in the lungs of calves pre-infected with BVDV and challenged later with BHV-1, as well as to analyze the role of MΦs in the appearance of the lesions. According to this, in the course of certain acute viral infections, platelets may be activated in vivo, leading to their degranulation, Figure 6 Pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lungs of calves with and without pre-existing BVDV challenged with BHV-1.1. doi = 10.1186/1297-9716-44-20 id = cord-270727-2dd3b7di author = Rivera-Benitez, José Francisco title = Co-infection of classic swine H1N1 influenza virus in pigs persistently infected with porcine rubulavirus date = 2016-02-29 keywords = DPI; Mock; PorPV; group summary = A Student''s t-test assuming unequal variance and a significance level of P 0.05 was used to compare rectal temperatures and the viral load of PorPV and swH1N1 in different samples (nasal and oral swabs, respiratory tissues and SLO) between the single-infected groups to the co-infected group. In the nasal swabs, samples that tested positive for PorPV were detected from 24 h post-infection up to 28 DPI (PorPV/Mock and PorPV/swH1N1 groups) (Fig. 3a) , and there were no differences (P > 0.05) in the mean of viral loads at any time analysed for these two groups. The pigs in the Mock/swH1N1 group presented the lowest respiratory signs and rectal temperatures, with no pigs showing a difference in respiration or temperature after experimental infection, a finding that is in accordance with studies that used low-virulence swine influenza virus strains (Busquets et al., 2010) . doi = 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.01.005 id = cord-287431-bq0675h1 author = Romano, Mario R. title = Active e-learning in ophthalmology through live webinars: back to the theatre date = 2020-10-28 keywords = group summary = doi = 10.1038/s41433-020-01239-6 id = cord-013444-5aei9kaz author = Ruzauskas, Modestas title = The Influence of Essential Oils on Gut Microbial Profiles in Pigs date = 2020-09-24 keywords = Barnesiella; Prevotella; Streptococcus; figure; group; lactobacillus summary = In this study, the microbial changes in pigs as experimental animals were assessed as influenced by consumption of oregano extract combination with peppermint and thyme essential oils. This study used pigs as an animal model for the assessment of the impact of consumption of Origanum vulgare plant extract combined with Mentha piperita and Thymus vulgaris essential oils on microbial profile in intestines. The results demonstrated that the combination of essential oils was non cytotoxic, and had a positive effect on the microbial composition in the large intestine of pigs due to significant increase in the number of probiotic bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Origanum vulgare plant extract, Mentha piperita, and Thymus vulgaris EOs and to evaluate microbial changes in the guts of pigs as experimental model by supplementing their diet with a combination of the aforementioned plant extract and two essential oils (EEOs) given in the form of bilayer coating tablets. doi = 10.3390/ani10101734 id = cord-294175-nu6q2ddu author = Saitoh, Masayuki title = Ultrafiltration attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass–induced acute lung injury in a canine model of single-lung transplantation date = 2006-12-31 keywords = CPB; group; transplantation summary = doi = 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2006.08.020 id = cord-323906-ro078y52 author = Sardu, Celestino title = Implications of AB0 blood group in hypertensive patients with covid-19 date = 2020-08-14 keywords = blood; covid-19; group; patient summary = doi = 10.1186/s12872-020-01658-z id = cord-284266-tbndldhr author = Schippa, Serena title = Nasal Microbiota in RSV Bronchiolitis date = 2020-05-13 keywords = RSV; group; respiratory; virus summary = doi = 10.3390/microorganisms8050731 id = cord-326747-zwp13awk author = Sever, Mustafa title = Accidental Chlorine Gas Intoxication: Evaluation of 39 Patients date = 2009-12-28 keywords = chlorine; group; patient summary = In this paper, the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of 39 accidentally exposed patients to chlorine gas are reported and different emergency treatment modalities are also discussed. In this paper, the social and demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory findings of patients which have been accidentally exposed to chlorine gas due to chlorine tank explosion in Southeast of Turkey are reported. All hospitals'' emergency departments (ED) medical records which explain above were retrospectively analyzed for evaluation of accidental chlorine exposure patients for year 2007. Guloglu et al [9] reported that they preferred and recommended humidified O 2 and ß agonist combination applications to be the supportive therapy in their study group because of trachea-bronchitis and broncho-constriction and/ or pulmonary edema and Reactive Airway Dysfunction Syndrome effects of chlorine gas. doi = 10.4021/jocmr2009.12.1283 id = cord-209697-bfc4h4b3 author = Shanthakumar, Swaroop Gowdra title = Analyzing Societal Impact of COVID-19: A Study During the Early Days of the Pandemic date = 2020-10-27 keywords = LDA; Twitter; group summary = doi = nan id = cord-266597-v5glur2c author = Sheng, Hui H title = Elevated adipogenesis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells during early steroid-associated osteonecrosis development date = 2007-10-15 keywords = MON; SON; group summary = doi = 10.1186/1749-799x-2-15 id = cord-333334-90q1xkld author = Shengchen, D. title = Evaluation of a molecular point-of-care testing for viral and atypical pathogens on intravenous antibiotic duration in hospitalized adults with lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized clinical trial date = 2019-06-20 keywords = LRTI; antibiotic; group summary = title: Evaluation of a molecular point-of-care testing for viral and atypical pathogens on intravenous antibiotic duration in hospitalized adults with lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized clinical trial OBJECTIVES: The primary objective was to evaluate whether a molecular point-of-care test (POCT) for viral and atypical pathogens added to routine real-time PCR could reduce duration of intravenous antibiotics in hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) compared with routine real-time PCR. The median and interquartile range of the primary outcome (duration of intravenous antibiotics) and secondary outcomes, including length of hospital stay, cost of intravenous antibiotics and cost of hospitalization, were calculated and the difference between intervention and control group was compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. In conclusion, this study found the addition of molecular POCT testing to routine real-time PCR testing for respiratory viruses and atypical pathogens might help to reduce intravenous antibiotic use in LRTI patients without resulting in adverse outcomes. doi = 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.06.012 id = cord-193497-qqrhvlm5 author = Shoghri, Ahmad El title = Identifying highly influential travellers for spreading disease on a public transport system date = 2020-04-03 keywords = Fig; disease; group summary = For instance previous work has explored the impact of recurring patterns inherent in human mobility on disease spread, but has not considered other dimensions such as the distance travelled or the number of encounters. In this paper we study three aspects of mobility behaviour, i.e. the degree of exploration, the distance travelled and the number of encounters of passengers using the Sydney bus network in the context of infectious disease spread. An increase in the infection probability on the other hand, amplifies the spreading power of all mobility groups, especially for passengers who regularly visit the same places and travel short distances, until reaching a saturation point at a probability of 0.5. Interestingly, the averages of received infections per individual is nearly the same across all the groups with a value just divide individuals into explorers and returners, but to distinguish them further along other dimensions such as the distance travelled and the connectivity as their spreading abilities differ. doi = nan id = cord-103538-vh6ma7k7 author = Smaldino, Paul E. title = Coupled Dynamics of Behavior and Disease Contagion Among Antagonistic Groups date = 2020-10-05 keywords = behavior; figure; group summary = doi = 10.1101/2020.06.17.157511 id = cord-298582-25qn9d15 author = Snyder, N.L. title = 9.05 Technology-Enabled Synthesis of Carbohydrates date = 2014-02-18 keywords = group; oligosaccharide; scheme summary = doi = 10.1016/b978-0-08-097742-3.00914-9 id = cord-259128-s27086aj author = Solano, Gloria I. title = Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv) interaction with Haemophilus parasuis date = 1997-04-30 keywords = PRRS; group summary = doi = 10.1016/s0378-1135(96)01325-9 id = cord-014464-m5n250r2 author = Sole-Violan, J title = Lethal influenza virus A H1N1 infection in two relatives with autosomal dominant GATA-2 deficiency date = 2013-03-19 keywords = AKI; APACHE; ARDS; Care; ICU; IL-6; Introduction; RBC; TBI; day; figure; group; hour; method; mortality; outcome; patient; peep; result; signifi; sofa; study summary = Results In preliminary analysis of categorical data, a signifi cantly (Fisher exact test) greater proportion of patients with compared with without the following fi ndings did not survive; history of alcohol use (P = 0.05); the presence of lethargy (P = 0.01), confusion (P = 0.03), nausea (P = 0.04), abdominal pain (P = 0.02), or the need for vasopressors (P = 0.002), oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or steroids (all P = 0.004) at presentation; and excessive bleeding at surgery (P = 0.01). Methods To prospectively re-evaluate the normal range and to analyze the potential impact of biometric data on ICG-PDR, we measured ICG-PDR (i.v. injection of 0.25 mg/kg ICG; LiMON, Pulsion, Munich, Introduction Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO 2 ) represents a well-recognized parameter of oxygen delivery (DO 2 )-consumption (VO 2 ) mismatch and its use has been advocated in critically ill patients in order to guide hemodynamic resuscitation [1] and oxygen delivery optimization. doi = 10.1186/cc11953 id = cord-298931-n1se3ajb author = Stańdo, Mirella title = Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids EPA and DHA as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Treatment of Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial date = 2020-08-27 keywords = DHA; EPA; PUFA; group; omega-3 summary = doi = 10.3390/nu12092614 id = cord-006578-wv3wc0ct author = Stevens, D. L. title = Invasive streptococcal infections date = 2001 keywords = M-1; SPEA; group; infection; streptococcus summary = The risk for secondary cases is likely related to close or intimate contact and crowding, as well as host factors such as: (1) active viral infections such as varicella or influenza; (2) recent surgical wounds and childbirth (author''s unpublished observations); (3) absence of type specific opsonic antibody against the group A streptococcus causing the index case; and (4) absence of neutralizing antibody against pyrogenic exotoxin A or B. 17 Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins A and B induce human mononuclear cells to synthesize not only TNFα 75 but also IL-1 76 and IL-6, [76] [77] [78] suggesting that TNF could mediate the fever, shock, and organ failure observed in patients with StrepTSS. Multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis demonstrates two patterns, which correspond to M-1 and M-3 type organisms that produce pyrogenic exotoxin A, a finding that fits epidemiologic studies implicating these strains in invasive group A streptococcal infections 54 in the United States. doi = 10.1007/s101560100012 id = cord-009962-k3opc553 author = Stjernquist‐Desatnik, Anna title = Pharyngotonsillitis date = 2008-12-17 keywords = beta; group; hemolytic; streptococcus summary = Acute rheumatic fever, the most serious nonsuppurative complication of beta-hemolytic group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis, is the leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in developing countries (5) . However, beta-hemolytic group A streptococci are amongst the most virulent human pathogens, and patients with pharyngotonsillitis caused by infection with this bacterium can be seriously affected with high fever, dysphagia and severe pain. The decline of acute rheumatic fever in the developed world may indeed be the result of routine antibiotic use for beta-hemolytic group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis, supporting the present principles of treatment. Penicillin V was detected in tonsillar surface fluid in a majority of patients on the first day of treatment of acute beta-hemolytic group A streptococcus pharyngotonsillitis, but despite a high concentration in serum, was rarely present on the 10th day or in healthy, treated subjects (81) . doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2008.00282.x id = cord-312695-1uw8xcxw author = Sugiarto, Sarah title = Passive immunization does not provide protection against experimental infection with Mycoplasma haemofelis date = 2016-08-05 keywords = Mhf; cat; figure; group summary = In the present study we investigated whether the passive transfer of antibodies from Mhf-recovered cats to naïve recipient cats provided protection against bacteremia and clinical disease following homologous challenge with Mhf; moreover, we characterized the immune response in the recipient cats. The present study aimed to investigate whether the passive transfer of antibodies from Mhf-recovered to naïve recipient cats induced partial or complete protection against bacteremia and clinical disease following homologous challenge with Mhf. Different parameters addressing the humoral and cellular immune response were monitored in passively immunized and control cats. Our study demonstrated that the passive transfer of antibodies from Mhf-recovered to naïve SPF cats does not prevent infection, high bacterial loads and the development of clinical signs following homologous challenge with Mhf. The passively immunized and control cats showed no differences in the onset and extent of bacteremia and anemia during the course of Mhf infection. doi = 10.1186/s13567-016-0361-x id = cord-011147-55whf8md author = Sun, Hengchang title = Oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Clonorchis sinensis paramyosin protects grass carp from cercaria infection date = 2020-01-07 keywords = CFU; Fig; group summary = title: Oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Clonorchis sinensis paramyosin protects grass carp from cercaria infection Potential pathogenetic bacteria with lower abundance and higher abundances of candidate probiotics and bacteria associated with digestion in 1 × 10(11) CFU/g B.s-CotC-CsPmy spores administrated fishes could be detected compared with control group. In the present study, the specific IgM antibody levels in serum, bile, intestinal mucus, and skin mucus of grass carp orally administrated with different dosages of spores (B.s-CotC-CsPmy) were significantly increased with dosedependent from the 2nd week after the beginning of the immunization till to 6 weeks (Fig. 2) . Immune response induced by oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing enolase of Clonorchis sinensis in grass carps (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) doi = 10.1007/s00253-019-10316-0 id = cord-275499-25dp6u68 author = Tan, Zhen title = Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Altered Colonic Microbiota Communities in Suckling Piglets date = 2019-12-30 keywords = PEDV; figure; group summary = In this study, we successfully demonstrated that the microbial community structure of colonic mucosa and content differed significantly between healthy and PEDV-infected piglets. Likewise, previous research has shown that the proportions of Escherichia-Shigella, Enterococcus, Fusobacterium, and Veillonella increased significantly in PEDV-infected piglets, while those of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria (e.g., Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Butyricimonas, and Alistipes) underwent a decrease [21] . Some bacteria from Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were enriched in healthy piglets, while some from Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria were more abundant in PEDV-infected groups. To better characterize the intestinal microbiomes of healthy versus PEDV-infected piglets, we recommend that future studies fully examine virome diversity using a larger sample size and metagenomic de novo sequencing of the gut microbial genome. Dynamic change of gut microbiota during porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection in suckling piglets Changes in cecal microbiota community of suckling piglets infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus doi = 10.3390/genes11010044 id = cord-022281-xn0cf33a author = Tanz, Robert R. title = Sore Throat date = 2009-05-15 keywords = acute; group; pharyngitis; streptococcal; table summary = doi = 10.1016/b978-0-7216-9131-2.50005-1 id = cord-007367-e31zhty6 author = Tassier, Troy title = Network position and health care worker infections date = 2015-09-07 keywords = agent; contact; group; infection summary = We estimate, using an agent-based model, the effect of network position of different hospital worker groups on the spread of infectious diseases in a hospital. Following the theoretical discussion, we use our newly collected data on healthcare worker and patient contacts to model the spread of an infectious disease in a hospital setting. The model allows us to identify the healthcare worker groups that would be expected to play the largest role in the spread of infectious diseases, in terms of network position, in this hospital setting. Because of these difficulties we use a simulation approach to help us measure the average and marginal effects of individuals belonging to different worker groups in our hospital contact data. We discuss the data and use agent-based models to identify the healthcare workers whose position in the hospital contact network has the potential to create large numbers of infections in the hospital. doi = 10.1007/s11403-015-0166-4 id = cord-003825-tkqxb1ql author = Toman, Miroslav title = Dynamics and Differences in Systemic and Local Immune Responses After Vaccination With Inactivated and Live Commercial Vaccines and Subsequent Subclinical Infection With PRRS Virus date = 2019-08-06 keywords = CD8; PRRS; group summary = The goals of our study were to compare the immune response to different killed and modified live vaccines against PRRS virus and to monitor the antibody production and the cell mediated immunity both at the systemic and local level. The goals of our study were to compare the immune response to different killed and modified live vaccines against PRRS virus and to monitor the antibody production and the cell mediated immunity both at the systemic and local level. Twenty-one days after the final vaccination, all piglets, including the control non-immunized group (C5), were i.n., infected with the Lelystad strain of PRRS virus. Twenty-one days after the final vaccination, all piglets, including the control non-immunized group (C5), were i.n., infected with the Lelystad strain of PRRS virus. Comparison of serum and oral fluid antibody responses after vaccination with modified live (MLV) porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine in PRRS endemic farms doi = 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01689 id = cord-022973-soaz8b74 author = Trivellini, Guido title = Nestedness of habitat specialists within habitat generalists in a butterfly assemblage date = 2016-09-25 keywords = butterfly; group; habitat; specie summary = Butterflies (Lepidoptera) are a well-studied insect group both taxonomically and ecologically (e.g. Gilbert, 1984; Kocher & Williams, 2000; Ghazoul, 2002; Stefanescu et al., 2004 Stefanescu et al., , 2011 , particularly because they interact with plants both as larval herbivores and adult pollinators (Borges et al., 2003; Hardy et al., 2007) and have different habitat requirements even at each life stage (New et al., 1995; Samways & Lu, 2007; Dennis, 2010) . E-mail: giuseppe.bogliani@unipv.it These largely specialised butterfly-habitat associations are influenced by many physical and biological factors (Leps & Spitzer, 1990; Spitzer et al., 1993) , including temperature, humidity, light levels, rainfall patterns, local microclimate conditions, grassland type and host-plant species richness and distribution (Hill et al., 2001; Meyer & Sisk, 2001; Collinge et al., 2003; Men endez et al., 2007) . To do this, we first defined the requirements, i.e., which habitat types positively or negatively correlate with species abundances, and then used a network-based approach (Bl€ uthgen et al., 2006) to analyse the degree of habitat use overlap within groups of species with similar habitat requirements. doi = 10.1111/icad.12193 id = cord-284301-fg3hk94b author = Umemura, Yutaka title = Hematological Phenotype of COVID-19-Induced Coagulopathy: Far from Typical Sepsis-Induced Coagulopathy date = 2020-09-05 keywords = DIC; covid-19; group summary = doi = 10.3390/jcm9092875 id = cord-304208-jwlc8fxj author = Vagni, Monia title = Coping With COVID-19: Emergency Stress, Secondary Trauma and Self-Efficacy in Healthcare and Emergency Workers in Italy date = 2020-09-03 keywords = COVID-19; Group; stress summary = Hence, this study explores the relationship between coping strategies used by healthcare and emergency workers in Italy to manage the stress factors related to the COVID-19 emergency, which may result in the risk of developing secondary trauma. As regards the stress that they experience, the literature clearly explains that healthcare and emergency workers who intervene in emergency situations are exposed to the risk of developing dysfunctional reactions that can be identified at different levelsphysical and/or physiological (e.g., psychosomatic disorders, sleep/wake cycle alterations, and sense of tiredness); emotional (e.g., irritability, nervousness, agitation, anger, low self-esteem, and guilt); cognitive (e.g., distractibility, sense of ineffectiveness, and negative anticipation of events); and relational (e.g., increase in conflicts within emergency teams and/or with their organization/institution, and social withdrawal)-and may also develop reactions from secondary trauma (Del Missier et al., 2008; Sbattella, 2009; Argentero and Setti, 2011; Fraccaroli and Balducci, 2011; Bellelli and Di Schiena, 2012; Walton et al., 2020) . doi = 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566912 id = cord-288552-7lp07v5i author = Vahedi, Ensieh title = The clinical value of two combination regimens in the Management of Patients Suffering from Covid-19 pneumonia: a single centered, retrospective, observational study date = 2020-06-19 keywords = COVID-19; group; patient summary = doi = 10.1007/s40199-020-00353-w id = cord-009797-8mdie73v author = Valle, Denis title = Extending the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model to presence/absence data: A case study on North American breeding birds and biogeographical shifts expected from climate change date = 2018-08-26 keywords = LDA; datum; group; number summary = title: Extending the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model to presence/absence data: A case study on North American breeding birds and biogeographical shifts expected from climate change The Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model is a mixed‐membership method that can represent gradual changes in community structure by delineating overlapping groups of species, but its use has been limited because it requires abundance data and requires users to a priori set the number of groups. Furthermore, by comparing the estimated proportion of each group for two time periods (1997–2002 and 2010–2015), our results indicate that nine (of 18) breeding bird groups exhibited an expansion northward and contraction southward of their ranges, revealing subtle but important community‐level biodiversity changes at a continental scale that are consistent with those expected under climate change. It is important to note that even in the absence of MM sampling units, LDA can still estimate well the true number of groups and has similar fit to the data as the other clustering approaches (results not shown). doi = 10.1111/gcb.14412 id = cord-014533-6qfecv5h author = Velasquez, T. title = ESICM LIVES 2016: part three: Milan, Italy. 1–5 October 2016 date = 2016-09-29 keywords = AKI; ARDS; CPR; Care; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; group; introduction; method; objective; patient; peep; result; study summary = P. Tirapu; Navarro-Guillamón, L.; Cordovilla-Guardia, S.; Iglesias-Santiago, A.; Guerrero-López, F.; Fernández-Mondéjar, E.; Vidal, A.; Perez, M.; Juez, A.; Arias, N.; Colino, L.; Perez, J. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted on consecutive 100 pediatric surgical patients who admitted to PSICUs at Cairo University Hospitals starting from 1/6-1/12/2015.After approval by research ethics committee,informed consents were obtained from parents and pediatric cases aged from 1 month-18 years and stayed for > 48 h were enrolled.MPV and PLC were obtained and recorded at baseline(preoperative values),on the day of ICU admission(day 0),1 st ,2 nd ,3 rd ,5 th and 7 th days.To measure daily MPV changes; (ΔMPV) was constructed and computed where ΔMPV = ([MPVday(X) − MPVday (0)]/MPVday(0) × 100 %. Results: The results obtained after analyzing the two homogeneous groups according to age, gender, type of admission and severity influencing the physiotherapy care in ICU quality indicators, in the Sagrada Esperança clinic, highlights the decrease of the average number of days with mechanical ventilation but it is not observed a significant relation between physical therapy and this indicator (p = 0:06). doi = 10.1186/s40635-016-0100-7 id = cord-280055-5iwo6tlb author = Vieira, Tiago title = The lose-lose dilemmas of Barcelona’s platform delivery workers in the age of COVID-19 date = 2020-12-31 keywords = COVID-19; PDW; group; work; worker summary = doi = 10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100059 id = cord-283177-qwinggg4 author = Viswanathan, Ramaswamy title = Support Groups and Individual Mental Health Care via Video Conferencing for Frontline Clinicians during the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-06-23 keywords = COVID-19; Health; group summary = doi = 10.1016/j.psym.2020.06.014 id = cord-014868-kg96uvpi author = Vita, S. title = Evaluation of Total Proteins and Serum Protein Fractions in Cats Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum–A Preliminary Study date = 2006 keywords = Group summary = In canine leishmaniosis, laboratory parameters such as serum total proteins (TPs), albuminto-globulin (A/G) ratio, and single serum protein fractions have been proposed for their particular diagnostic significance and for monitoring the progress of the disease (Ceci and Petazzi, 1983; Bizzetti, 1998; Ciaramella and De Luna, 1999) . During the progress of feline leishmaniosis, some authors have observed increased serum TPs associated with hyper-γ-globulinemia and hypoalbuminemia with inversion of the A/G ratio and changes in the α-globulin fractions (Laurelle-Magalon and Toga, 1996 Hervas et al., 1999; Ozon et al., 1998; Pennisi, 2002; Poli et al., 2002) . To the best of our knowledge, the evaluation of serum protein changes has only been reported once for a group of FIV infected cats positive to PCR assay for Leishmania infantum (Pennisi et al., 2000) . The objective of this study was to evaluate serum TPs and some protein fractions in cats positive to Leishmania. doi = 10.1007/s11259-006-0073-1 id = cord-018813-9hoksa86 author = Waito, Marianne title = A Mathematical Model of Cytokine Dynamics During a Cytokine Storm date = 2016-02-17 keywords = Group; cytokine summary = The dynamics of cytokines during normal immune responses and even more so during storms are highly complex and little is known about specific interactions [5, 27] . Combining these approaches can result in major advancements in both the understanding of cancer and immune system dynamics including cytokine interactions, with the potential to identify strategies to control toxic cytokine storms [26] . Following administration of a highly attenuated virus to mice with leukocytes lacking the type I IFN receptor, a deadly cytokine storm developed leading to death in only 24 h. Data was collected and provided by Dr. Byram Bridle, Dr. Scott Walsh and Alexandra Rasiuk who study the role of type I IFN signalling in the regulation of cytokine responses at the OVC. The model provides an accurate fit to the cytokine time series data for both IFNAR-knockout and wild-type mice (not shown). doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-30379-6_31 id = cord-004373-nmnssoeb author = Wall, Jonathan T. title = What about lay counselors’ experiences of task-shifting mental health interventions? Example from a family-based intervention in Kenya date = 2020-02-20 keywords = Group; counselor; experience; family; role summary = We aimed to describe how lay counselors experience role shifts and associated outcomes, such as Keywords: Mental health, Lay counselors, Task shifting, Africa, Burnout, Motivation, Self-efficacy, Stress, Family therapy, Children Intrinsic and extrinsic forces, beliefs, and ideals that incline an individual to pursue and maintain their position as a lay counselor [22] An individual''s perceptions and assessments of their capability to be competent and effective in their counseling role [23] The physical, psychological, emotional, and social consequences that affect a lay counselor due to trying to fulfill the duties and responsibilities expected of them by their clients, supervisors, and communities Because the intervention was designed with the goal of minimizing the added burden for lay providers (described below), it offers a helpful lens and case study for understanding the specific contribution of role shifts in relation to other stressors associated with lay counselor experiences. doi = 10.1186/s13033-020-00343-0 id = cord-333745-nwnt2tde author = Wang, Yi title = Clinical characteristics and laboratory indicator analysis of 67 COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Suzhou, China date = 2020-10-12 keywords = Group; covid-19 summary = RESULTS: The study found that fibrinogen (FIB) was increased in 45 (65.2%) patients, and when FIB reached a critical value of 4.805 g/L, the sensitivity and specificity、DA, helping to distinguish general and severe cases, were 100 and 14%、92.9%, respectively, which were significantly better than those for lymphocyte count and myoglobin. In a comparison of patients in Group A with patients in Group B, the lymphocyte count absolute value (L), myoglobin (MB) and fibrinogen of COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B, with statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.001) ( Table 4 ). Laboratory data showed that the WBC, N%, and CRP in Group B COVID-19 pneumonia patients were significantly higher than those of Group A patients, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). doi = 10.1186/s12879-020-05468-8 id = cord-285136-07jcccv9 author = Woo, Yu Ri title = Air Pollution and Atopic Dermatitis (AD): The Impact of Particulate Matter (PM(10)) on an AD Mouse-Model date = 2020-08-24 keywords = AHR; OVA; group summary = doi = 10.3390/ijms21176079 id = cord-266722-qfn2dc1q author = Wormser, Gary P. title = Non-Sexually transmitted infectious diseases of the oral, nasal, and vaginal mucosae date = 1987-06-30 keywords = Barr; Epstein; Group; patient; pharyngitis summary = Antibiotic therapy and menstruation can have a profound effect on the composition of this group of microorganisms.2 Disturbance of the delicate host-commensal relationship may cause a clinically significant infection due to these "nonpathogens." This may occur in response to the aforementioned factors (eg, pregnancy predisposing to vaginal candidiasis) or because of disruption of the anatomic barrier (eg, local mucosal infection at a site of trauma, or injury from cytotoxic drugs) or in association with exogenous infection (eg, rhinoviral infection leading to secondary bacterial otitis media). The skin lesions are tender and consist of papules and clear vesicles with a surrounding zone of erythema.617 Pharyngitis with tonsillar exudate persisting for 4 or more days with a negative throat culture for group A streptococci, or occurring in association with diffuse lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly or with many atypical lymphocytes on blood smear suggests the possibility of infectious mononucleosis (IM) (Epstein-Barr virus). doi = 10.1016/0738-081x(87)90013-7 id = cord-342381-i63r6los author = Wu, Huiyue title = Design and development of an immersive virtual reality news application: a case study of the SARS event date = 2020-09-17 keywords = Group; immersive; news summary = For example, virtual reality technology has raised new requirements for the traditional news production process [14, 28, 45] , and the change of perspective caused by the disappearance of the physical screen and the appearance of interactive elements brings a new challenge to the narrative frame of journalism [13] . 3 Regarding narrative frame, the production of VR news is moving away from the linear and planned storytelling structure adopted by traditional news: In immersive VR news, the audience can not only understand the whole news event from an omniscient perspective (e.g., Kiya) 4 but also participate in the news story as bystanders (e.g., Use of Force) 5 or even become the protagonist to experience the feelings of the parties involved (e.g., Across the Line). doi = 10.1007/s11042-020-09863-w id = cord-003673-u7711eb4 author = Xiong, Xiao-Li title = Emodin Rescues Intrahepatic Cholestasis via Stimulating FXR/BSEP Pathway in Promoting the Canalicular Export of Accumulated Bile date = 2019-05-22 keywords = BSEP; FXR; UDCA; group summary = Real-time PCR and Western blotting was employed to detect the mRNA and protein levels of BSEP in LO2 cell, rat primary hepatocytes and liver tissue. More importantly, our previous work revealed that emodin could alleviate intrahepatic cholestasis by promoting the expression of liver farnesoid X receptor (FXR), small heterodimer partner (SHP), uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 2 family polypeptide B4 (UGT2B4), and bile salt export pump (BSEP), which are related to the synthesis, detoxification, and transportation process of Bas (Ding et al., 2016) . Therefore, this research used the LO2 cell line and ANIT-induced rat model to find how emodin interfered with the BSEP signaling pathway to alleviate intrahepatic cholestasis. As shown in Figure 8D , compared with the untreated cells, the emodin group showed significantly elevated mRNA levels of FXR and BSEP. For the LO2 cell experiment, the mRNA and protein expressions of FXR and BSEP were significantly elevated in the emodin group compared with control group. doi = 10.3389/fphar.2019.00522 id = cord-005379-5x4deimg author = Xu, Jing-Xiu title = Dietary Selenium Status Regulates the Transcriptions of Selenoproteome and Activities of Selenoenzymes in Chicken Kidney at Low or Super-nutritional Levels date = 2015-08-19 keywords = Gpx; excess; group summary = title: Dietary Selenium Status Regulates the Transcriptions of Selenoproteome and Activities of Selenoenzymes in Chicken Kidney at Low or Super-nutritional Levels To determine dietary selenium (Se) status regulates the transcriptions of selenoproteome and activities of selenoenzymes in chicken kidney, 1-day-old chickens received low Se (0.028 mg Se per kg of diet) or super-nutritional Se (3.0 or 5.0 mg Se per kg of diet) in their diets for 8 weeks. Low Se significantly reduced total antioxidant capability (T-AOC), glutathione (GSH) content, but malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the kidney increased and decreased glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity with changes in their mRNA levels. Se could protect the renal antioxidant function from oxidative damage [14] , and Se deficiency or excess causes a lot of selenoprotein resultant metabolic disorders in pig kidney [15] . doi = 10.1007/s12011-015-0470-9 id = cord-006984-x1r99rlm author = Yokhana, J. S. title = Effect of insoluble fiber supplementation applied at different ages on digestive organ weight and digestive enzymes of layer-strain poultry date = 2015-11-14 keywords = Group; experiment; table summary = At wk 10, relative weights of liver and gizzard of Group IF were heavier (P < 0.05) than other treatments; activities of pepsin, GP, trypsin and chymotrypsin of IF pullets were significantly greater than other treatments as was mRNA expression for pepsinogens A (25.9 vs. The first experiment was designed to determine whether the addition of a commercial IF product (Arbocel RC, JRS Co. Inc., Rosenberg, Germany) in the diets of young layer-strain pullets between the ages of 8 and 18 wk influenced supply organ growth and proteolytic enzyme activities in the proventriculus, pancreas, and small intestine. Feeding the IF diet to the older pullets (13 to 18 wk of age) for 5 wk (Group C-IF) had no significant effect (compared to controls) on activities of pepsin or the three pancreatic enzymes measured (Table 4 ). doi = 10.3382/ps/pev336 id = cord-284635-79cgct71 author = Zanuzzi, C.N. title = Effects of Solanum glaucophyllum toxicity on cell proliferation and apoptosis in the small and large intestine of rabbits date = 2011-08-20 keywords = group summary = doi = 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.07.018 id = cord-280097-f7ky61ds author = Zarogoulidis, Paul title = Are there any differences in clinical and laboratory findings on admission between H1N1 positive and negative patients with flu-like symptoms? date = 2011-01-07 keywords = H1N1; group; patient summary = doi = 10.1186/1756-0500-4-4 id = cord-010501-kd95xvsg author = Zenetos, Argyro title = Analysis of Benthic Communities in the Cyclades Plateau (Aegean Sea) Using Ecological and Paleoecological Data Sets date = 2008-06-28 keywords = group; specie; station summary = Standard multivariate analysis techniques were applied to both ecological (living benthic fauna) and paleoecological data sets in order to distinguish distribution patterns. The species richness, abundance, and diversity per station is given in Table 2 : the number of species ranged from 21 (station A23) to 100 (station A32), and the number of specimens from 152-m-2 (station A 17) to 432.m-2 (station A26 The dendrograms can be truncated at any level, but the areal presentation derived with MDS based on the total living fauna (Fig. 4 a) indicated that the more justified separation in terms of ecological sense was at the 4 groups level (25% similarity) (two dimensional stress = 0.141). The groups are based on the dendrogram of Fig. 2 Table 5 shows the results of the SPEARMAN rank correlation coefficient between the biotic parameters (number of macrofaunal species, number of specimens, and species diversity) and depth and sediment type. doi = 10.1111/j.1439-0485.1991.tb00247.x id = cord-303378-cfbvka30 author = Zhang, Shi-Jin title = Effect of the Haoqinqingdan decoction on damp-heat syndrome in rats with influenza viral pneumonia date = 2013-08-31 keywords = Haoqinqingdan; group summary = Abstract Objective To investigate the effect of Chinese medicine prescription-Haoqinqingdan decoction on damp-heat syndrome in rats with influenza viral pneumonia and its influence on the immune function. Methods: A total of 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, the damp-heat syndrome model group, the Haoqinqingdan decoction group (high, medium and low dose group) and the ribavirin group. Methods: A total of 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, the damp-heat syndrome model group, the Haoqinqingdan decoction group (high, medium and low dose group) and the ribavirin group. On the basis of related studies, we illustrated the advantages of Haoqinqingdan decoction in treating this disease and its role in regulating immunity through the comparison between the high, medium and low dose Haoqinqingdan decoction groups and the ribavirin group, which would provide basis for differential traditional Chinese medicine treatment of upper respiratory viral infection [6] . doi = 10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60113-3 id = cord-024461-xo75855r author = Zhang, Yuanzhe title = FCP Filter: A Dynamic Clustering-Prediction Framework for Customer Behavior date = 2020-04-17 keywords = FCP; group summary = In the meanwhile, Fragmentation and Coagulation Process (FCP), a stochastic partition model, has recently been proposed for identifying dynamic customer groups and modeling their purchase behavior. In our model, FCP clusters customers into groups by their temporal interests to filter random noise of individual transaction data. We conduct experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets, demonstrating that our model is able to discover the latent group of individual customers and provides accurate predictions for dynamic purchase behavior. In order to track the customers'' temporal shifting across groups, a novel Bayesian non-parametric customer segmentation model FC-CSM [7] based on a random partition process, Fragmentation and Coagulation Process (FCP) [1] , was proposed. We conducted experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets to illustrate that our model can (1) identify dynamic customer groups based on purchase behavior, (2) achieve more accurate prediction results by filtering individual random noise. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-47426-3_45 id = cord-016559-tqd7m2i1 author = Zheng, Yi title = Application in Medicine Systems date = 2014-10-28 keywords = CDI; Danshen; Injection; group; patient; treatment summary = Danshen has the function of effectively dilating the coronary artery, increasing coronary blood flow, reducing heart rate, inhibiting platelet aggregation and thrombopoiesis induced by platelet activation factors, promoting the recovery of injured cardiac muscle, increasing cardiac contractility, and protecting cardiac muscle cells; thus it can be widely applied in treating the diseases of the circulation system. [7] reported the application of 0.5/ 250 ml of puerarin and glucose injection combined with 16 ml of CDI in the treatment of 44 patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris, and the results showed that in the treatment group there were 31 patients with a marked effect, 10 patients with an effect, 3 patients without effect, and the total effective rate was 93.2 %. Patients with cerebral hemorrhage were treated with CDI, and the rates of recovery and significant improvement in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group, and no side effects were observed. doi = 10.1007/978-94-017-9466-4_1 id = cord-278802-bverdk5w author = Zhou, Yefei title = Immune response of AA broilers to IBV H120 vaccine and sodium new houttuyfonate date = 2010-12-31 keywords = PBS; SNH; group summary = doi = 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.04.010 id = cord-298534-1j8jkfn9 author = Zhu, H. title = Features of alpha-HBDH in COVID-19 patients with different ages,outcomes and clinical types: a cohort study date = 2020-11-03 keywords = HBDH; group summary = title: Features of alpha-HBDH in COVID-19 patients with different ages,outcomes and clinical types: a cohort study At present, there is no study to systematically analyse the features of hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH) in COVID-19 patients with different ages, clinical types and outcomes. Methods: Electronic medical records including demographics, clinical manifestation, alpha-HBDH test results and outcomes of 131 hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with confirmed result of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral infection, were extracted and analyzed. In this 46 study, we analyzed the changes of α-HBDH values of COVID-19 patients with different ages, clinical types and outcomes. The effects of α-HBDH, age and gender on the clinical type of COVID-19 patients were quantified by the optimal scale regression model, so as to 48 achieve the purpose of early judging the severity of the disease. 58 The symptom onset data was designed as the first day of disease, the abnormal percentage, median and quartile interval of α-HBDH in different 59 ages, outcomes and clinical types were calculated. doi = 10.1101/2020.10.29.20222612 id = cord-000083-3p81yr4n author = nan title = Poster Exhibition date = 2009-01-31 keywords = ADV; AFP; Background; CHB; China; DNA; ETV; HBV; HCC; HCV; Hepatitis; Hospital; IFN; LAM; NAFLD; NASH; PCR; RFA; RNA; SVR; University; aim; alt; cell; conclusion; group; level; liver; method; patient; result; study; treatment summary = R. China Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the early virologic response for prediction of achievement of HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negativity after two years of lamivudine treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: A total of 620 patients who tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and were referred to Chiba University Hospital between February 1985 and March 2008 were included in the study, and their following characteristics were analyzed: age, gender, the status of HBeAg, ALT, HBV-DNA level, and PLT. Methods: A total of 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 32 (53.3%) were HBeAg positive (group A) while 28(46.7%) were HBeAg negative (group B) were included in this study after meeting the following criteria: age 18 to 60 years, HBsAg positive for more than 6 months, serum HBV-DNA was >5 log(10) copies/mL and ALT more than two times the upper normal limit. doi = 10.1007/s12072-009-9123-4 id = cord-000977-ka4261wc author = nan title = ECR 2013 Book of Abstracts - B - Scientific Sessions date = 2013-03-07 keywords = ADC; CAD; CNR; DCE; DWI; FBP; FDG; MDCT; MRI; PET; SNR; Siemens; conclusion; group; high; image; material; mean; method; patient; purpose; result; study summary = Methods and Materials: Mean attenuation, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at abdominal aorta, right renal artery (RRA) and left renal artery (LRA) were measured in 24 kidney donors who had undergone CTA with tube current modulation, 120 kVp, filtered back projection reconstruction algorithm (Group A) and were compared with 24 BMI-matched kidney donors who had undergone CTA with automated kVp selection and SAFIRE (Group B Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common cause of cognitive impairment. Overall average score of SSF reconstructed segments was significantly higher compared with STD reconstruction ( Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and imaging quality of double prospectively ECG-triggered high-pitch spiral acquisition mode for coronary computed tomography angiography (CTCA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). doi = 10.1007/s13244-013-0228-x id = cord-002774-tpqsjjet author = nan title = Section II: Poster Sessions date = 2017-12-01 keywords = AIDS; Canada; Centre; City; Community; HCV; HIV; Health; India; MSM; National; New; Toronto; Vancouver; York; access; african; age; care; child; datum; drug; group; high; introduction; method; need; patient; population; poster; program; research; result; service; session; social; study; urban; woman; year summary = Results: The CHIP Framework The CHIP framework aims to improve the health and wellness of the urban communities served by St. Josephs Health Centre through four intersecting pillars: • Raising Community Voices provides an infrastructure and process that supports community stakeholder input into health care service planning, decision-making, and delivery by the hospital and across the continuum of care; • Sharing Reciprocal Capacity promotes healthy communities through the sharing of our intellectual and physical capacity with our community partners; • Cultivating Integration Initiatives facilitates vertical, horizontal, and intersectoral integration initiatives in support of community-identified needs and gaps; and • Facilitating Healthy Exchange develops best practices in community integration through community-based research, and facilitates community voice in informing public policy. doi = 10.1093/jurban/jti137 id = cord-003532-lcgeingz author = nan title = 39th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium, 19-22 March 2019 date = 2019-03-19 keywords = AKI; APACHE; ARDS; AUC; Care; Critical; DIC; ECMO; Fig; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; LOS; MAP; conclusion; figure; group; high; introduction; level; method; mortality; patient; result; score; sofa; study; table summary = It''s proposed to evaluate the association between myocardial injury biomarkers, high-sensitive troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), with inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1Β , IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 / IL-23p40, IL17A, IL-21 and TNF-α ) and biomarkers, C protein reactive (CPR) and procalcitonin (PCT), in septic patients Methods: This was a prospective cohort study performed in three intensive care units, from September 2007 to September 2010 enrolling patients with sepsis (infection associated with organ dysfunction), and septic shock (hypotension refractory by fluids infusion requiring vasopressor). Blood samples were collected up to 48h after the development of first organ dysfunction (D0) and on the 7th day after inclusion in the study (D7) Results: Ninety-five patients were enrolled, with median age 64 years (interquatile?48-78), APACHE II: median 19 (14-22), SOFA: median 8 (5-10); 24.2% were admitted in ICU with sepsis and 75.8% with septic shock. doi = 10.1186/s13054-019-2358-0 id = cord-005105-twsy61oq author = nan title = SIU 2015 Abstracts date = 2015-09-21 keywords = ADT; BPH; ESWL; Gleason; Group; Hospital; IPSS; Introduction; January; LUTS; MRI; Objective; PCNL; PSA; Prostate; RARP; TRUS; aft; bladder; case; conclusion; follow; mean; method; patient; renal; result; score; signifi; study; treatment; urinary; year summary = Th e present study is based on a retrospective analysis of a database of over 600 patients (age range 17-57 years) who met the consensus criteria for bacterial prostatitis, 75% of whom had dysuria, 35% perineal discomfort, 60% had obstructive luts, 37% infertility of unknown etiology, 10% erectile dysfunction and 25% recurrent infection of the partner. Further research is needed to determine to assess whether localization of small volume disease on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT can improve diagnostic algorithms and outcomes in patients with recurrent PCa. Introduction and Objective: To assess long-term results of salvage pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in prostate cancer (PC) patients (pts) with biochemical recurrence aft er primary local treatment and confi rmed solitary lymph node (LN) metastases. doi = 10.1007/s00345-015-1684-3 id = cord-005453-4057qib7 author = nan title = The 45th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation: Physicians – Poster Session date = 2019-07-03 keywords = AML; ASCT; ATG; BMT; CD19; CD34; CD4; CD8; CMV; CSF; DFS; DLI; EBMT; EBV; ECP; GVHD; HCT; HLA; HSCT; Hodgkin; Hospital; III; January; MDS; MRD; MSD; NHL; NRM; PBSC; PCR; PFS; PNH; RIC; TBI; TMA; TRM; University; VOD; background; car; cell; conclusion; day; disease; donor; figure; graft; group; high; median; method; mud; patient; result; transplantation summary = To compare the safety and efficacy of prophylactic DLI for prevention of relapse after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from haploidentical donors (HID-SCT) and matched-sibling donors (MSD-SCT) in patients with very high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed a retrospective, observational cohort study enrolled in 21 HID-SCT and 13 MSD-SCT recipients. The aim of this study is to identify the prognostic impact of pre-transplant TIM3 levels on early and late transplant related complications as well as post-transplant relapse and survival Methods: A total of 177 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients with an initial diagnosis of acute leukemia [median age: 36(16-66) years; male/ female: 111/66] were included in the study. doi = 10.1038/s41409-019-0559-4 id = cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author = nan title = 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date = 2020-03-24 keywords = AKI; AUC; CRP; CRRT; Care; Critical; ECMO; Fig; Hospital; ICU; IQR; Intensive; LOS; LPS; OHCA; PCT; ROC; TBI; Unit; University; VAP; blood; day; figure; group; high; introduction; mortality; patient; result; sepsis; sofa; study; table summary = The positive NC group had more plasma transfusion (p-value 0.03) and a lower median hematocrit at 24 hrs (p-value 0.013), but similar hospital length of stay (p=0.17) and mortality rate (p=0.80) Conclusions: NC at ICU admission identifies subclinical AKI in TBI patients and it maight be used to predictclinical AKI. In patients with pneumonia requiring intensive care (ICU) admission, we hypothesise that abnormal right ventricular (RV) function is associated with an increased 90-day mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of each AKI stages as defined by KDIGO definition (with evaluation of urine output, serum creatinine and initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT)), in a mixed medical and surgical population of patients hospitalized in ICU and PCU over a 10-year period (2008-2018). This study aimed at investigating the relationship of goal-directed energy and protein adequacy on clinical outcomes which includes mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), and length of mechanical ventilation (LOMV). doi = 10.1186/s13054-020-2772-3 id = cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author = nan title = 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date = 1996 keywords = ARDS; CPB; Care; Children; ECMO; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; PICU; Pediatric; Unit; age; blood; case; child; conclusion; day; failure; group; high; hour; increase; infant; level; mean; method; patient; prism; pulmonary; respiratory; result; severe; study; ventilation; year summary = doi = 10.1007/bf02316512 id = cord-005727-li8pwigg author = nan title = ESICM 2010 MONDAY SESSIONS 11 October 2010 date = 2010-08-31 keywords = AKI; APACHE; CRP; Care; GCS; Hospital; ICP; ICU; Intensive; January; LPS; NIV; PCT; Unit; University; VAP; conclusion; day; group; introduction; method; objectives; patient; result; sofa; study summary = Since, continuous epidural analgesia provides the required level of analgesia to support early mobilization and significant reduction in pulmonary and cardiovascular morbidity in the early postoperative period, we postulated that the use of low dose of continuous epidural morphine might improve postoperative analgesia and reduce undesirable side effects in elderly patientsTherefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of morphine administered via epidural patients controlled analgesia and intravenous tramadol + metamizol on postoperative pain control and side effects in elderly patients after major abdominal surgery. For each ventilated patient the following data was registered:Age, APACHE II, the reason of admission, risk factors, use NIV, MV duration, timing of tracheostomy, time of diagnosis of VAP, microbiological data, length of stay and mortality in ICU. 23rd ESICM ANNUAL CONGRESS -BARCELONA, SPAIN -9-13 OCTOBER 2010 S131 Evaluated factors: patient characteristics, signs, symptoms, abscess location, time between symptoms and hospital admission and surgery, lab results, microbiology, antibiotic therapy, APACHE2, SAPS2, SOFA, length of ICU stay, surgical re-intervention, duration of mechanical ventilation, infectious complications, critical illness myopathy (CIM), renal replacement therapy (RRT), re-intubation, tracheotomy, mortality. doi = 10.1007/s00134-010-1999-x id = cord-005777-6rvfsx4p author = nan title = PS 0420-0716 date = 2007-08-25 keywords = APACHE; ARDS; CVVH; Care; GCS; Glasgow; Hospital; ICP; ICU; Intensive; TEG; VAP; conclusion; day; group; mean; method; mortality; patient; peep; result; study summary = We prospectively recorded data of all patients who were newly diagnosed with AF and all those with a septic shock on a surgical ICU (no cardiac surgery) during a one year period according to the requirements of the local ethical committee. Our aim was to evaluate the predictive role of admission APACHE II, admission and total maximum SOFA score, hypoalbuminemia, increased serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, lactate, and serum blood glucose for the 30-day mortality of septic patients admitted to medical ICU. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation and to evaluate mortality associated factors (timing and accurancy of diagnosis, timing of surgery, severity score and organ failure, surgical and medical treatments). Data were extracted independently to assess intention to treat intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, days of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and pneumothorax, and associated complications of the implemented intervention. doi = 10.1007/s00134-007-0823-8 id = cord-005814-ak5pq312 author = nan title = 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date = 1995 keywords = AMI; APACHE; ARDS; ARF; COPD; CPB; CPR; CVP; Care; ECG; ECMO; Group; H20; Hospital; ICP; ICU; III; IL-6; Intensive; January; LPS; MOF; PSV; SAPS; TNF; Unit; University; acute; blood; cardiac; change; conclusion; control; day; effect; failure; follow; high; hour; increase; level; mean; measure; method; mortality; objective; patient; peep; pressure; pulmonary; respiratory; result; study; treatment; value summary = Results: In 5 patients with treated SS, 16 tests were performed (VL n=8; Dobu n=4; NA n=4 Method: Septic shock was defined as severe sepsis with either persistent hypotension (mean arterial pressure; MAP<70 mmHg) or the requirement for a noradrenaline (NA) infusion ~> 0.1 ~g/kg/min with a MAP _< 90mmHg. Cardiovascular support was limited to NA + dobutamine (DB), 546C88 was administered for up to 8 h at a fixed dose-rate of either i, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/h iv. Methods: Fourteen cases were s~udied,their gestational age ranged from(27-32)ws.Continnous positive air way pressure was applied to six cases at Peep level from (3-6)cm H2o through nasal pronge,(group I),the other 8 cases were managed as routine,(group II).Blood gases, TcPO2,TcCo2,resp.rate,depth and pattern were monitored for assessment of tissue Oxygenation and ventilation, Results: Our rasults showed that early application of CPAP improve ventilation among (83.3%)of cases,while (16.7%)of cases need IMV.The cases of group II need IMV among (75%)of the studied cases during the second or the third day of life. doi = 10.1007/bf02426401 id = cord-005816-i54q5gsu author = nan title = 10(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery: May 13–17, 2009 Antalya, Turkey date = 2009-08-06 keywords = Department; GCS; Hospital; ICU; ISS; Istanbul; January; Turkey; University; abdominal; case; conclusion; day; fracture; group; injury; introduction; method; mortality; patient; result; score; study; surgery; trauma; treatment; year summary = Several factors such as the initial lack of symptoms, a low diagnostic sensitivity of the CT (34% false negatives), and the nonoperative management of solid organ injuries, have contributed to a delayed diagnosis in one of every five patients in our series, but this has not led to a significant increase in septic complications in this group. Method: The demographic features, the treatments, the intensity of the illness and mortality rate of the 155 patients in Afyon Kocatepe University General Surgery clinic between the years 2006 Background: Enterocutaneous fistula continues to be a serious surgical problem. Introduction: In our previous study, we examined the treatment results of burn patients older than 45 years, and found a significant increase in mortality with increasing age groups. Methods: Data on emergency surgical cases and admissions to the surgical service over a 3-month period were collected and analyzed; this included patient demographics, referral sources, diagnosis, operation, and length of stay (LOS Conclusion: Emergency workload represents a significant part of the work for the general surgeons. doi = 10.1007/s00068-009-8001-z id = cord-005881-oswgjaxz author = nan title = Abstracts: 11(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery May 15–18, 2010 Brussels, Belgium date = 2010 keywords = Hospital; ICU; ISS; case; complication; conclusion; follow; fracture; group; high; injury; introduction; material; mean; method; patient; result; score; screw; significant; study; surgery; trauma; treatment; year summary = Prospective case series with historical control group.(Level III) Results: Preliminary data indicate: *a shorter time on ventilator than anticipated (based on comparisson to historical data) * a shorter time on ICU * less pneumoniae * no intra-operative complications * good healing results of the rib fractures * no implant failures * acceptable pain scores * good overal satisfaction * acceptable cosmetic results Conclusion: Internal fixation of rib fractures (flair chest or multiple sequential fractures with pulmonary function compromise) results in a earlier recuperation of pulmonary function with shortened ICU stay. (Regional Association Sanitary Emergencies) Material and Methods: The ARES, whose members are about 600, all over the nation, is configured as an extraordinary health resource, activated by the National Civil Defence operations centre, in according with the Regional centre of Marche, in disater situations Results: The main objectives of ARES are training and organization of medical staff and structures and its growth crosses several missions including: AE Earthquake in Molise, 2002 Introduction: Cephalomedullary nails rely on a large lag screw that provides fixation into the femoral head. doi = 10.1007/s00068-010-8888-z id = cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author = nan title = Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date = 1982 keywords = AMX; ATP; Doppler; Group; animal; blood; cell; control; day; effect; graft; increase; level; liver; method; normal; patient; rat; result; study summary = doi = 10.1007/bf01279099 id = cord-006849-vgjz74ts author = nan title = 27th International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) Sevilla, Spain, 12–15 June 2019 date = 2019-09-13 keywords = BMI; December; ERCP; Endosc; GERD; Hospital; ICG; January; Japan; MRI; Medical; Nissen; November; TME; University; aim; approach; cancer; case; complication; conclusion; day; gastric; group; hernia; laparoscopic; method; patient; perform; postoperative; procedure; resection; result; robotic; roux; study; surgery; surgical; time; treatment; year summary = Methods: We are performing this procedures within a prospective randomized trial that is design to compare the long term results of LRYGB-B versus the standard laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The video shows our technique in a case of a 46 years old female with a BMI of 46 Kg/m2. Material and methods: We present a video of the surgical intervention of a 32-year-old patient, with functional dyspepsia, with a casual diagnosis of a pseudocystic mass of the right colon after performing a CT scan: giant diverticulum of the hepatic colon angle with fecaloid content inside it under tension The patient goes to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain, pending colonoscopy, antibiotic treatment is established, and a laparoscopic approach is decided upon after the patient''s evolution. Method: We present the case of a 65-year-old patient with surgical antecedent of laparoscopic low anterior resection due to rectal cancer, presenting in postoperative period an anastomosis leakage with severe peritonitis was identified and a laparotomy with end colostomy was performed. doi = 10.1007/s00464-019-07109-x id = cord-006854-o2e5na78 author = nan title = Scientific Session of the 16th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery, Jointly Hosted by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) & Canadian Association of General Surgeons (CAGS), Seattle, Washington, USA, 11–14 April 2018: Poster Abstracts date = 2018-04-20 keywords = BMI; CBD; Center; ERCP; FLS; GERD; Hospital; ICG; January; LOS; LSG; Medical; RYGB; SILS; University; case; complication; conclusion; follow; gastric; group; hernia; introduction; laparoscopic; method; operative; outcome; patient; postoperative; procedure; rate; report; result; robotic; roux; study; surgeon; surgery; surgical; time summary = Totally Laparoscopic ALPPS Combined with the Microwave Ablation for a Patient with a Huge HCC Hua Zhang; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Introduction: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel technique for resecting hepatic tumors that were previously considered unresectable due to the insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) which may result in postoperative liver failure (PLF). Not only does this case show that a large epiphrenic diverticulm can be successfully resected via the trans-abdominal laparoscopic approach, this case makes the argument that patients undergoing any minimally-invasive epiphrenic diverticulectomy and myotomy, with or without fundoplication, may be successfully managed with early post-operative contrast studies and dietary advancement, thus decreasing their length of hospitalization and overall cost of treatment. Introduction: There are reports of increased operative duration, blood loss and postoperative morbidity, caused by difficulties in obtaining good visualization and in controlling bleeding when laparoscopic resection is performed in obese patients with colon cancer. doi = 10.1007/s00464-018-6121-4 id = cord-009567-osstpum6 author = nan title = Abstracts Oral date = 2008-04-23 keywords = AMR; BALB; CD25; CD4; CD8; CMV; CNI; DSA; GFR; Group; HCV; HLA; IFN; IL-6; IRI; MELD; MHC; MMF; OLT; SRL; TAC; TLR4; Treg; University; cell; foxp3; graft; kidney; patient; recipient; result; transplant; transplantation summary = Introduction: Previously, it has been demonstrated that FOXP3, a gene required for the development and function of regulatory T cells, was highly expressed in the graft during cardiac rejection, suggesting infiltration of regulatory T cells in the transplanted organ during an allogeneic response. Efficacy and safety parameters assessed at follow-up included: acute rejection; patient and graft survival; renal function, vital signs, basic lab results and immunosuppressive regimen for the patients 10 years after completion of the original study. We analyzed, for the first time, the expression of TLR4 in PBMC from kidney recipients with contrasted situations: operational tolerance and chronic immune-mediated rejection (Banff 2005), compared to patients with normal histology and stable graft function, non transplant patients with renal failure and healthy volunteers. doi = 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02254.x id = cord-009997-oecpqf1j author = nan title = 2018 ASPHO ABSTRACTS date = 2018-03-31 keywords = AKI; AML; AYA; BRAF; Background; CNS; Cancer; Center; Children; EBV; GVHD; Group; HLH; HSCT; Hospital; January; MRD; MRI; Medical; Method; S301; SCD; States; TCD; United; University; VOC; VTE; cell; child; disease; high; patient; pediatric; result; study; therapy; treatment; tumor; year summary = Completed cranial radiation and proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplant with unrelated cord marrow donor and is disease free at approximately day +200.Case 2: 5 year-old female diagnosed with FLT3 and MLL negative AML and completed treatment per COG AAML1031 study on the low risk arm without Bortezomib. Design/Method: This study was a retrospective chart review that included patients 3 to 23 years old with sickle cell disease type SS and S 0 followed at St. Christopher''s Hospital for Children. Background: Hydroxyurea, chronic blood transfusion, and bone marrow transplantation can reduce complications, and improve survival in sickle cell disease (SCD), but are associated with a significant decisional dilemma because of the inherent risk-benefit tradeoffs, and the lack of comparative studies. Brown University -Hasbro Children''s Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States Background: Despite clinical advances in the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) in pediatric and young adult patients, pain remains a significant source of disease-related morbidity. doi = 10.1002/pbc.27057 id = cord-010092-uftc8inx author = nan title = Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date = 2019-06-07 keywords = ABO; AIHA; Alinity; Background; Blood; CD34; Conclusions; DAT; December; HBV; HCV; HDFN; HEV; HIV; HLA; Health; Hospital; January; NAT; National; PBM; PCR; PLT; RBC; RHD; RNA; Red; SCD; Service; Summary; Transfusion; aim; anti; cell; dna; donation; donor; group; method; patient; platelet; result; sample; study; test summary = Prospective testing of blood donations in endemic areas of the U.S. revealed 0.38% of donors were positive for Babesia DNA or antibodies (Moritz, NEJM, 2016) Aims: -To report results of ongoing Babesia clinical trial -To explain significance of Babesia as a TT infection Methods: In cobas â Babesia for use on the cobas â 6800/8800 Systems, is a qualitative polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification test, developed to detect in whole blood (WB) donor samples the 4 Babesia species that cause human disease: B. In sensitivity analyses, there were two discrepant results for HIV testing, three for HCV, and five for anti-HBc. Summary/Conclusions: Elecsys â infectious disease parameters on the cobas e 801 analyser demonstrate high specificity/sensitivity for screening first-time blood donor samples, with similar clinical performance to other commercially available assays. doi = 10.1111/vox.12792 id = cord-010980-sizuef1v author = nan title = ECTES Abstracts 2020 date = 2020-05-11 keywords = AIS; Department; Emergency; Fig; GCS; Hospital; ICU; ISS; January; Japan; MCI; Progressions; REBOA; TBI; Trauma; University; case; clinical; conclusion; fracture; group; injury; introduction; material; method; mortality; patient; result; retrospective; score; study; surgery; treatment; year summary = We hypothesized that presentation to a PTC would yield increased mortality when subspecialty intervention was required and that this would be most pronounced at night when in-house attending coverage is absent at all state PTCs. Materials and methods: A review of the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) database was performed to capture patients aged 12-18 who underwent any non-orthopedic trauma surgery. Traumatic subaxial cervical fractures: functional prognostic factors and survival analysis Introduction: The main goal of this study is to identify the risk factors for poor functional outcomes and to analyze the overall survival (OS) and complications rate in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and subaxial cervical fracture (SACF) treated with open surgical fixation. After applying a multiple imputation on all the study variables, a logistic regression generalized estimating equation after adjustment for age, sex, mechanism of trauma, and the injury severity score as covariates and hospitals as a cluster assessed an association between quartile of patient volume in intensive care unit and hospital mortality. doi = 10.1007/s00068-020-01343-y id = cord-011062-ukz4hnmy author = nan title = Poster date = 2020-03-11 keywords = BMI; Center; DXA; Department; Fried; Geriatric; Group; Health; Hospital; Index; Japan; MNA; SPPB; Sarcopenia; University; adult; age; background; frailty; low; method; muscle; objective; old; patient; physical; result; study; year summary = Ming-Yueh Chou 1,3 , Ying-Hsin Hsu 1 , Yu-Chun Wang 1 , Chih-Kuang Liang 1,3 , Li-Ning Peng 2,4 , Liang-Kung Chen 2,4 , Yu-Te Lin 1 ((1) Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; (2) Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; (3) Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Yang Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; (4) Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan) Background: Older people with frailty are at risk of adverse outcomes, such as falls, functional decline and mortality, and multi-domain intervention program may prevent those. Conclusion: Our study showed that a multicomponent exercise program is effective for posthospitalization patients because after 24-week intervention there were significant reductions in frailty and improving results in muscle strength and physical performance. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 757 communitydwelling older adults who completed multi-domain geriatric screen assessing for social vulnerability, mood, cognition, functional performance, nutrition, physical frailty (FRAIL) and sarcopenia (SARC-F). doi = 10.14283/jfa.2020.9 id = cord-012518-ncrdwtdg author = nan title = Abstractband DOG 2020 date = 2020-08-24 keywords = CNV; Germany; Gruppe; IOD; IOP; OCT; Patienten; der; eye; group; patient; result; study summary = The improvement in tear film quality (measured by TBUT) was shown after application of trehalose/hyaluronate tear substitute for one month in both, glaucoma and control group patients with mild to moderate dry eye symptoms. Methods: For 351 eyes (275 patients) who underwent DMEK for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), donor ECD decrease as compared to preoperative donor ECD was evaluated up to four years after surgery. The present study included fundus images of 111 individuals with a mean refractive error of -9.3 ± 3.8 diopters (range:-20.8, +1.75) and an axial length of 26.8 ± 1.9 mm (range: 22.55, 30.88) Results: The disc-fovea distance increased significantly with longer axial length, with a relatively flat slope in the non-highly myopic eyes (Disc-Fovea-Distance = 24.3 × Axial Length (mm)+514) and a steeper slope in the highly myopic group (Disc-Fovea-Distance = 58.7 × Axial Length (mm)-460). doi = 10.1007/s00347-020-01197-0 id = cord-014516-r59usk02 author = nan title = Research Communications of the 24th ECVIM‐CA Congress date = 2015-01-10 keywords = Animal; CHF; CRP; FCV; IBD; Ltd; PCR; SBP; University; cat; concentration; disease; dog; group; study summary = Serum prolactin concentration measured in 22/23 dogs at time zero, 6 weeks and 6 months was 3.35 ng/ml (range, 1.4-6.36), 3.57 ng/ml (range, 1.87-7.39) and 3.92 ng/ml (range, 2.01-12.92) and did not differ significantly in either time period when compared with time zero (P = 0.99 and P = 0.52).Altogether, results of this study failed to demonstrate a significant role of thyroid supplementation on the majority of evaluated behavioural symptoms as well as neurohormonal status of hypothyroid dogs during 6 months of therapy. The aims of the present study were (1) to describe a clinical series of recent autochtonous cases and (2) to retrospectively assess Angiostrongylus vasorum qPCR in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, collected over the last 7 years from a larger series of dogs, healthy or with other respiratory conditions, in order to investigate the past prevalence of the disease in Belgium. doi = 10.1111/jvim.12491 id = cord-014527-nvzfpntu author = nan title = Research Communications of the 25th ECVIM‐CA Congress date = 2015-11-09 keywords = BCS; CHF; CIPF; CKD; FIP; HCM; IBD; PCR; Staphylococcus; University; VEGF; Veterinary; cat; disclosure; dog; group; study summary = A negative outcome was associated with higher fecal S100A12 concentrations in CE dogs, but the response to different forms of treatment and fecal S100A12 has not been reported, and this information will be important to further evaluate the utility of fecal S100A12 as a biomarker for gastrointestinal disease. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric 2-or multiple-group comparisons, the likelihood ratio to evaluate the association between groups of dogs and response to treatment, and a receiver operating characteristic curve to calculate sensitivity and specificity at the optimum cut-off concentration. The objectives of this study were to describe pulmonary transit time and myocardial perfusion normalized to heart rate (nPTT and nMP, respectively), evaluated by means of contrast echocardiography, in dogs with stable stage C ACVIM myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), and to assess short-term effects of pimobendan on these parameters. doi = 10.1111/jvim.13647 id = cord-014670-e31g8lns author = nan title = Poster Sessions 313-503 date = 2004-10-05 keywords = APACHE; Care; Hospital; ICP; ICU; Intensive; Unit; University; conclusion; group; patient; study summary = Over a 12-month period patients who needed reintubation after successful trial of weaning and planned extubation, in a polyvalent intensive care unit (ICU) were identified.Data including clinical features (age, sex, SAPS II on admission, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on day of extubation, type of patient, length of intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) before extubation, length of ICU stay (LOS), ICU and hospital mortality) were collected.Moreover we considered two parameters that asses airway patency and protection like predictors of EF:cough strength and suctioning frequency after extubation.Cough strength on command was measured with a semiobjective scale of 0 to 5 (0= weak cough, 5= strong cough). (3/23)(13.2%), pulmonary embolism(1/23)(4.3%)and severe sepsis(1/23)(4.3%).Seven of patients who received reintubation a cause of defective airway manage needed at least one suctioning every two hours; moreover the same patients and other three with alteration in neurological function had weak cough (grade 0 to 2).The LOS of EF patients was 23±24.3 days, their ICU and hospital mortality were 39.1% and 47.8%, respectively, both higher when compared with not reintubated patients.Results of logistic regression showed that SAPS II is the only independent risk-factor of reintubation (odds ratio 1.056, sig. doi = 10.1007/s00134-004-2406-2 id = cord-014794-yppi30a0 author = nan title = 19th European Congress of Pathology, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 6-11, 2003 date = 2003-07-31 keywords = Bcl-2; CD10; CD30; Department; FNA; HCC; Hospital; IHC; III; Institute; Introduction; Ki-67; Ki67; Medical; Medicine; NHL; PCNA; PCR; Pathology; University; VEGF; aim; cancer; carcinoma; case; cell; conclusion; diagnosis; dna; expression; group; high; hpv; lesion; material; method; patient; positive; result; study; tissue; tumor summary = These parts were in a high percentage associated with fibrosis and lymphocyte rich areas and showed a higher mitotic activity than usual PTCs. Discussion The differences in the occurrence of TCV and TCmorphology between the presented series and previously reported cases might result from until now not clearly defined tall cell morphology as well as from similarities to PTCs, such as the oxyphilic variant, which is extremely rare in our series, and maybe also from often described squamous changes within PTCs. Due to these data it is not clear which tumor parts have relevance for prognosis and which tumors should be treated more aggressively than others. The aims of this study were to characterize the group of patients with BSOT and evaluate the significance of various molecular markers expression versus serous papillary ovarian carcinomas (SPOC) Material and methods We analyzed a total of 102 cases including: 64 cystadenoma, 10 borderline and 28 cystadenocarcinoma. doi = 10.1007/s00428-003-0864-5 id = cord-014996-p6q0f37c author = nan title = Posters_Monday_12 October 2009 date = 2009-08-06 keywords = AKI; ALI; APACHE; Care; Hospital; ICU; LPS; PCT; SAPS; VAP; conclusion; group; introduction; method; mortality; objectives; patient; result; sepsis; sofa; study summary = Data recorded on admission were the patient demographics with, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II), and type of admission; during intensive care stay, sepsis-related organ failure assessment score (SOFA) and clinical concomitant factors and conditions. For each severe septic patient the following data was registered: time delay, APACHE II and SOFA scores at ICU admission, diagnosis, the rate of compliance with the resucitation and management bundles, microbiological data, evolution of levels of serum lactate, empiric antibiotic therapy, length of stay and mortality in ICU. Sepsis and septic shock remain the most important causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients and account for more than 50% of cases of acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care units (ICU). There were no significant differences between the demographic data (sex, age) or the data on admission to intensive care (APACHE II score, ratio of medical to surgical patients) and duration of mechanical ventilation between the two groups. doi = 10.1007/s00134-009-1593-2 id = cord-015021-pol2qm74 author = nan title = Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date = 1994 keywords = APACHE; ARDS; CD14; CD4; CLP; CRP; CSF; ELISA; ICU; IFN; III; IL-1; IL-2; IL-4; IL-6; IL-8; LEH; LPS; MOF; PAF; PMN; SIRS; TNF; University; animal; blood; cell; control; cytokine; day; effect; endotoxin; factor; follow; group; high; increase; injury; level; method; mouse; patient; production; rat; release; response; result; sepsis; septic; shock; study; trauma summary = It is our current understanding that LPS is responsible for many of the pathophysiological events observed during gramnegative infections and that one of the major mechanisms leading to shock and death is the LPS-induced activation of macrophages resulting in the production and release of lipid and peptide mediators, among which tumor necrosis factor seems to be the most important. However plasma IL-6 estimation revealed a statistically significant reduction at 6 hours in tanrine-treated animals compared to glycino and TW controls ( Objective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion, thermal injury and bacterial garage on interteukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) production and host mortality and to study if the administration of thymopentth (THY) could affect these events. doi = 10.1007/bf02258437 id = cord-015024-2xzc0uc5 author = nan title = ESICM 2010 WEDNESDAY SESSIONS 13 October 2010 date = 2010-08-31 keywords = APACHE; ARDS; CVP; Care; ECMO; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; conclusion; day; group; high; increase; introduction; level; method; objectives; patient; result; sepsis; sofa; study summary = We performed a prospective clinical study in a 17-bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit, including 21 patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and monitored with the Vigileo Ò monitor, for whom the decision to give fluids was taken due to the presence of circulatory, including arterial hypotension (MAP B 65 mmHg or systolic arterial pressure \90 mmHg), and preserved preload-responsiveness condition, defined as SVV C10%. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate four severity scoring systems in intensive care unit (ICU), including APACHE II, APACHE III, SASP II and MODS in severe septic patient. A prospective observational study was performed in 16 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients (12 M, age 49 ± 17 yr, BMI 25 ± 5 kg/m 2 , ICU admission day 5 ± 3, APACHE II on study 20 ± 7; mean ± SD) and 6 healthy subjects (3 M, age 24 ± 9 year, BMI 24 ± 45 kg/m 2 ). doi = 10.1007/s00134-010-2001-7 id = cord-015082-l629n8is author = nan title = Poster Sessions 323-461 date = 2002-08-29 keywords = ICU; IL-10; LPS; conclusion; group; increase; level; method; mortality; patient; result; sepsis; study summary = 14 patients awaiting urgent cardiac surgical re-vascularisation were studied with measurement of: spirometry; percentage increase in transfer factor from sitting to lying position (TF) as an indicator of micro-vascular lung disease; overnight oximetry on air; and 24hour holter monitoring Patients, who were reintubated on decreased indices of arterial oxygenation under MOSF progressing died in 100% cases ( NIMV is effective method in complex therapy of ARF, developing in postoperative period after cardiac surgery, that leads to significant improvement of lungs biomechanics and gases change function. In a prospective observational study we performed bedside ptO2 measurements in 8 patients with sepsis/septic shock to gain insight in ptO2 values and their dynamic changes related to the course of the illness, as well as investigating the practical applicability of tissue oxygen measurement in the ICU setting. doi = 10.1007/s00134-002-1455-7 id = cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author = nan title = PS 0036-0344 date = 2007-08-25 keywords = APACHE; ARDS; Care; HFOV; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; PCT; VAP; blood; conclusion; day; group; increase; introduction; method; mortality; patient; peep; pressure; result; sofa; study summary = We compared them with ≥70 years old and an ICU stay < 30 days patients, the differences in ICU mortality, Apache II, age, gender and the necessity for renal replacement therapy (RRT) were not significant (see table) . The patients with mild form of acute pancreatitis had low mortality rate (similar to general ward population) despite positive ICU admission criteria in our case series with fifty per cent development of severe form with organ dysfunction/failure later on. Collected data:Demographics,Management prior and during ICU hospitalization (sedation, catecolamin drug use, blood product transfusion, intra-cranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgical emergency surgery etc.),CT-Scan results, Daily worst Glasgow coma scale, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. This prospective interventional study performed in a surgical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary University Hospital included 35 (21 males) mechanically ventilated and sedated patients with acute cardiovascular failure requiring cardiac output measurement (transpulmonary thermodilution technique)and a fluid challenge. doi = 10.1007/s00134-007-0820-y id = cord-015306-us58wwmp author = nan title = Abstracts for the IPNA Congress, 30 August - 3 September 2013, Shanghai, China date = 2013-06-21 keywords = AKI; CKD; DMSA; EBV; ESRD; HSP; HSPN; Hospital; NGAL; Nephrology; Objective; RSV; UTI; University; VUR; child; conclusion; group; kidney; level; method; patient; renal; result; study; year summary = doi = 10.1007/s00467-013-2518-4 id = cord-015324-y44sfr0c author = nan title = Scientific Programme date = 2007-09-01 keywords = BMI; CKD; CRF; CRP; Children; DMSA; Department; ESRD; FSGS; GFR; Group; HIV; HSP; HUS; Hospital; III; MMF; Nephrology; PCR; PTH; Pediatric; SDS; SLE; SRNS; TGF; UTI; University; VUR; age; child; conclusion; disease; kidney; method; patient; renal; result; study; year summary = In order to further validate this approach, we performed a prospective randomized open-label multicenter trial in 41 low-risk pediatric renal transplant recipients (12 f, 29 m; mean age 10.1 yrs; range, 3.4 to 17.8) on CsA (target trough level 100-200 ng/ml), MMF (1200 mg/m 2 per day) and methylprednisolone (3) (4) mg/m 2 per day), who were randomly assigned >1 year posttransplant to continue steroids or to withdraw over a period of 3 months. We evaluated MMF in 15 children with LN, 11 F/4 M, mean age: 12.4±3.9 yrs, proteinuria >3 g/day, decreased C3 and increased anti-dsDNA serum levels, normal renal function. Patients and methods: 91 children and adolescents (60 male, 31 female, mean age at transplantation 9.7±5.2 years) with stable renal function and observation period exceeding 6 months were included. doi = 10.1007/s00467-007-0558-3 id = cord-015354-yknwveyz author = nan title = Abstracts_Poster presentations date = 2007-09-18 keywords = 18F; CAD; DMSA; DOTA; DTPA; FBP; FDG; GFR; Group; HMPAO; Hospital; LVEF; MIBG; MIBI; MPS; MRI; Medicine; Nuclear; PET; ROI; SLN; SPECT; SUV; Siemens; Tc-99; University; WBS; aim; conclusion; high; i-123; i-131; image; mean; method; patient; result; scan; study; uptake summary = Material and Methods: Fourteen individuals (mean age 47±19y range 21-75y; 4W, 10M; including 10 volunteers and 4 patients with angiographically proved CAD) underwent dynamic PET imaging studies (21 frames) at rest and during adenosine stress (0.14mg/kg/min for 6 min) after injection of 1100MBq of 82Rb (Discovery LS, GEMS). Methods:Twenty-nine patients (21 males,8 females;62±11 yrs) with recent AMI were studied.Within 6 days after AMI, the patients were performed Tl-201 R-RD perfusion SPECT using 4 mCi activity.CMR was carried out 5-20 minutes after 0,15 mmol/kg of iv.Gadobutrol injection.Myocardial perfusion and contrast enhancement was analyzed using a 17 segment model.Myocardial perfusion was scored in Tl-201 SPECT as follows:0=normal (70%-100% maximal myocardial activity(mma), 1= 69-50% mma, 2= 49-30% mma ,3=29-10% mma and 4=<10% mma ;Myocardial contrast enhancement on CMR images was graded as:0=no contrast enhancement, 1=hyperenhancement of 0-25% of the wall thickness(WT) 2=hyperenhancement of 26-50 % of the WT, 3=hyperenhancement of 51-75 % of WT and 4=hyperenhancement of 76-100 % of WT.In CMR the existence of microvascular obstruction(MO) was also evaluated.Total segment scores(TSS) in R,RD and CMR for each patient were calculated by summing of 17 segment score values. doi = 10.1007/s00259-007-0544-9 id = cord-015368-a0qz4tb9 author = nan title = 48th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery, Graz, June 7–9, 2007 date = 2007 keywords = Austria; Background; Department; III; case; complication; conclusion; dna; follow; group; high; mean; method; month; operation; patient; postoperative; procedure; rate; result; study; surgery; surgical; treatment; year summary = Surgical treatment and evaluation, complications, short and long term patency of our patients were compared to interventional techniques and international literature. The aim of the study was to investigate: i) relevant and combined determinants of the development, management and outcome of a representative patient cohort (n ¼ 9.991) with acute appendicitis enrolled in a prospective unicenter study through a time period of 27 years (middle Europe), and ii) the frequency and impact of specific categories (e.g., characteristics of the medical history, clinical and intraoperative findings, complications), correlation and relative risk factors of the disease and its prognosis. From 01=1997 until 12=2006 198 TEM procedures were performed in 194 patients, 104 males, 90 females, mean age was 68.9 years (38-91), the median hospital stay was 8 days . No conversion to open technique had to be performed, no postoperative surgical complications were observed, one patient died 4 weeks postoperative due to liver failure following esophageal varices bleeding. doi = 10.1007/s10353-007-0330-8 id = cord-015372-76xvzvdg author = nan title = National scientific medical meeting 1996 abstracts date = 1996 keywords = CAD; HCV; HIV; HSP; ICU; PCR; age; case; disease; group; increase; irish; level; mean; patient; positive; study; year summary = One, two and five-year survival rates were examined; age at diagnosis and lesion type were extremely significant factors in relation to patient outcome. Patients'' age, sex, risk group, CDC stage, CD4 count, indication for therapy, complication rate and response to treatment are described. Fifty-eight patients (34 male, 24 female) ranging in age from 15 to 65 years (Mean + SD = 28.4 + 10.8) were included in the study. Among these 48 patients (mean age 68.0+12.7), after controlling for age and for the duration and continuity of subsequent antipsychotic treatment, increasing duration of initially untreated psychosis was associated with greater severity of negative symptoms (p<0.005) and with lower scores on the MMSE (p<0.05) but not with executive dysfunction on the EXIT (p=0.3). Conclusion Although not a population based study, care of IDDM in Ireland is almost totally hospital clinic based Cigarette smoking is identified as the major problem to be addressed Patients with diabetes meltitus (DM) are at a higher risk of developing vascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD). doi = 10.1007/bf02945204 id = cord-019347-tj3ye1mx author = nan title = ABSTRACT BOOK date = 2010-02-19 keywords = CD4; CD8; CIC; ELISA; FEV1; HIV; ICS; IVIG; OVA; PCN; allergic; allergy; asthma; case; cell; conclusion; group; history; introduction; method; patient; report; result; skin; study; symptom; test; treatment; year summary = Method:Case Report:A 15y/o w/f athlete presented with a two month history of recurrent hives and angioedema which she associated with ingestion of Halloween candy .One week before evaluation she had hives with Coconut as well.Her history was othewise unremarkable except for recurrent UTI''S, annual sinusitis, pneumonia in 1998 as well as migraines.She denied sexual activity.Her physical exam was normal.Results:An evaluation for autoimmune disease revealed normal ESR, ANA, DSDNA, mono and hepatitis serology as well as lyme titers however her CH50 was low17u/ml(normal 26-58U/ml)and evaluation of complement revealed c4 14mg/dl(normal 16-47mg//dl)and c2 <1.3mg/dl(normal 1.6-3.5mg/dl)with normal c3, c5-c9.Her father had nor-malc4 but c2 was 1.4mg/dl (normal 1.6-3.5mg/dl)Her sister had c2 of 1.5mg/dl and normal c4 and her mother had normal c2 and c4.Her workup included positive prick skin test to ragweed, ash and grass and she was started on Rhinocort and Clarinex seasonally.She has been followed for one year with resolution of hives and is asymptomatic.Her diagnosis had been confirmed by a pediatric rheumatologist.Conclusion;We present an atypical case of C2 complement deficiency in an currently asymptomatic individual. doi = 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)61294-x id = cord-022633-fr55uod6 author = nan title = SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date = 2012-04-26 keywords = ACS; AED; Background; COPD; CPR; EMS; ETCO; Emergency; HIV; Hospital; ICU; IQR; LOS; MDD; OHCA; TBI; University; conclusion; datum; group; level; method; objective; patient; rate; result; study; time summary = Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following. doi = 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2012.01332.x id = cord-022650-phsr10jp author = nan title = Abstracts TPS date = 2018-08-14 keywords = AIT; Ara; Background; Der; ELISA; FEV1; HAE; HDM; Hospital; IgE; LTP; PR-10; SCIT; SDS; SLIT; SPT; allergen; allergic; allergy; asthma; case; conclusion; food; group; high; level; method; patient; result; specific; study; symptom; test; treatment; year summary = 0685 | Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in adult allergy clinic in a tertiary hospital: a 12-year retrospective study Results: Five different human sera were screened for specific IgE level against 29 different allergen sources using test methods of three different suppliers. Conclusion: This multicenter prospective study confirmed that stepwise single-dose OFC to egg will help to clarify the severity of egg allergy, and will contribute to improved food allergy manageMethod: The study design was a retrospective cohort study extracting data from the electronic chart of children older than 4 years who visited our out-patient clinic for egg or milk allergy and who underwent an oral food challenge test (OFC) twice within 24 months between November 2013 and December 2017. Results: In the base case analysis, using Italy clinical practice patients with moderate-to severe allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (SS ranging from 6 to 15 points) and a mean age at entry of 21 years, both SCIT and SLIT were associated with increased cost but superior efficacy compared to pharmacotherapy alone. doi = 10.1111/all.13539 id = cord-022653-qa1uph35 author = nan title = Poster Discussion Session PDS date = 2017-08-30 keywords = AIT; CD4; Der; ELISA; HDM; IgE; P<.001; allergen; allergic; allergy; asthma; cell; child; conclusion; group; introduction; level; objective; patient; result; study; test; treatment; year summary = 0206 | G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) regulates endothelial permeability induced by Bradykinin 0208 | Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of c1 esterase inhibitor of chronic urticaria challenges most commonly identified were the following: time of onset of disease; frequency/duration of and provoking factors for wheals; diurnal variation; occurrence in relation to weekends, holidays, and foreign travel; shape, size, and distribution of wheals; associated angioedema; associated subjective symptoms of lesions; family and personal history regarding urticaria, atopy; previous or current allergies, infections, internal diseases, or other possible causes; psychosomatic and psychiatric diseases; surgical implantations and events during surgery; gastric/ intestinal problems; induction by physical agents or exercise; use of drugs; food allergies; relationship to the menstrual cycle; smoking habits; type of work, hobbies; stress; quality of life and emotional impact; previous therapy and response to therapy, and previous diagnostic procedures/results. doi = 10.1111/all.13251 id = cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2016-09-07 keywords = Akt; Ankara; Biology; Department; ELISA; Faculty; GSH; HCC; IL-6; IMA; Institute; Istanbul; MCF-7; MDA; MTT; P-02.08.5; P-09.04.4; PCR; PON1; RNA; ROS; Research; Russian; SOD; Sciences; TAS; TNF; TOS; Turkey; University; activity; analysis; cancer; cell; conclusion; control; dna; effect; expression; gene; group; high; increase; introduction; level; method; patient; protein; result; study; tissue; treatment; turkish; western summary = We have studied the effect of inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1), which is a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and controls cell proliferation and tumor growth, on hypoxic regulation of the expression of different proliferation related genes in U87 glioma cells. Transient inhibition of Akt and mTOR protein kinase activation in tumor cells followed by reactivation of signaling pathway did not result in a time-dependent difference on EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression levels. In our study we aimed to determine cytotoxic effect of RES in K562 human CML cell line and to evaluate the expressions of miRNAs that are associated with genetics of leukemia after treatment with RES; to investigate target genes of miRNAs which show significant expression alterations and molecular mechanisms of RES treatment. doi = 10.1111/febs.13808 id = cord-023017-k6edtg58 author = nan title = AASLD Abstracts (pp. 282A–382A) date = 2006-02-10 keywords = CD4; CD8; HCC; HCV; HIV; HSC; IFN; MELD; OLT; PCR; RNA; SVR; alt; cell; conclusion; day; group; liver; method; patient; result; study summary = 14/55 (25%) patients in AC who did not discontinue by week 24 received ribavirin dose reduction in comparison to 31/108 ( The clinical outcome in response to combination therapy for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection appears to be different for Caucasian versus African American patients. Over the period of combination therapy, most patients in which serum virus titers were reduced to non detectable levels had significant increases in T cell responses to HCV proteins. CHRONIC Background: Recent large prospective trials demonstrated that the combination therapy of interferon (1FN)-alphalribavirin significantly increased the ratio of a sustained virological response in patients with chronic hepatitis C in comparison with IFN monotherapy, especially in patients with high HCV-RNA titer and genotype lb. Results: Patients with chronic HCV infection showed higher MxA gene expression levels than healthy controls, indicating that hepatitis C virus induces IFN production. doi = 10.1002/hep.1840380505 id = cord-023095-4dannjjm author = nan title = Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date = 2011-05-03 keywords = ACTH; CHF; CKCS; CKD; DMVD; ECG; ELISA; IBD; PCR; TLR5; University; Veterinary; blood; cat; concentration; day; disease; dna; dog; group; horse; sample; study; test; time; treatment summary = The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of ivabradine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, left atrial (LA) performance, and clinical tolerance in healthy cats after repeated oral doses. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and ECG time intervals to body mass in apparently healthy horses and ponies and to calculate normal ranges for different weight groups. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypercoagulability in PLN dogs based on thromboelastography (TEG), and to determine whether hypercoagulability in these patients could be predicted by clinical assessments that identify systemic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 4 160 mmHg), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin o 2.7 mg/dl), antithrombin activity (o 70%), and degree of proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] ! doi = 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0726.x id = cord-023134-y665agnh author = nan title = Oral Research Communications of the 22(nd) ECVIM‐CA Congress date = 2012-11-20 keywords = BEM; CKD; DCM; IBD; IPF; PCR; SAM; cat; disease; dog; group; study summary = Doppler echocardiographic indices of diastolic function of the right ventricle are good prognostic markers during left ventricular (LV) failure secondary to ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy.The aims of the present study were: to assess LV and RV diastolic function by conventional Doppler and pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (PW-TDI) in dogs with mitral valve disease (MVD), with or without pulmonary hypertension (PH); to test if echocardiographic parameters of LV and RV diastolic dysfunction correlate to the Doppler-estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP).114 dogs were prospectively evaluated, including 86 dogs with MVD. The aims of the present study were to assess whether diabetic cats have pathological evidence of islet inflammation or pancreatitis and to define islet lesions in comparison to a well-matched control population.Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pancreatic samples were collected from post-mortem examination performed on diabetic and control cats died due to any disease at the Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich (Switzerland) between 1997 and 2009. doi = 10.1111/jvim.12000 id = cord-023157-0lqlx2rv author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2013-04-18 keywords = BMI; CAD; CRP; CVD; GDM; HDL; HFD; HOMA; Hospital; IFG; IGT; IL-6; NAFLD; OGTT; PCOS; T2DM; University; diabetes; glucose; group; high; insulin; level; metabolic; patient; result; study summary = The patients revealed the increase of free fatty acids level (2.19 AE 0.10) mmol/l/ml, that meaningfully differed from such indexes in the control group (P < 0.001) and low level of adiponektin (3.70 AE 0.70) mg/ml that confirms their role in development of NAFLD even for persons with normal body weight after the presence of abdominal type of adipose tissue distribution. Results: This study has shown effectiveness in reduction in fasting blood glucose (P < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.03), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.01), weight (P = 0.03), added sugar (P = 0.03) and fat consumption (P < 0.01) while improving physical activity (P < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity (P < 0.01) in the intervention group when compared with the control group at follow up assessment. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. doi = 10.1111/1753-0407.12032_1 id = cord-023186-gqltd6u0 author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2019-06-27 keywords = CPAP; OSA; PICU; case; child; group; patient; study summary = Methods: This is a one-year retrospective study that was conducted in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) comparing the intervention failure rate of three different Noninvasive respiratory support modalities (bi-level positive airway pressure (BIPAP), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and HFNC) for infants and young children between the ages of 1 month and 2 years admitted with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis. The aim of the study was to determine the association between Methods: Ninety children aged between > 28 days to < 5 years hospitalized with diagnosis of severe CAP in the Pediatric Department of West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital from January to October 2018 were enrolled. Arterial blood gases, respiratory rate, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and mean airway pressure (MAP) of rat lung during respiratory support, wetto-dry lung weight ratio, lung homogenate and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid tumor necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, interleukin-6 and total protein levels were measured and compared among groups after study completion. doi = 10.1002/ppul.24373 id = cord-023225-5quigar4 author = nan title = Posters date = 2012-08-21 keywords = Aib; Ang; Cys; Fmoc; Gly; HPLC; Ile; Leu; Lys; NMR; PNA; Phe; SPPS; University; acid; activity; amino; cell; dna; group; peptide; protein; residue; structure; study; synthesis summary = To further explore the structure-function relationship, a viable synthesis strategy for pseudodesmin A analogues was developed, based on side-chain attachment of the first amino acid to the solid support, followed by stepwise Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of the linear peptide precursor and on-resin head-to-tail cyclization. The cases when the amino acid sequence of a fragment coincided with part of the primary structure of a natural oligopeptide were recorded in the Total protein chemical synthesis requires a case by case design and optimization which is governed by factors such as the solubility of the individual peptide segments, their primary sequence and in particular the presence of "difficult" amino acid residues at ligation junctions such as proline or the location of cysteines. In this study we present synthesis of two series of peptide libraries, which were designed by substitution of Leu in the P5, P6 position of our control peptide (Ac-LLLLRVKR-AMBA) with each of nineteen amino acid residues in order to verifying its influence on activity and selectivity of the resulting analogues. doi = 10.1002/psc.2449 id = cord-023311-7wqdlha4 author = nan title = Oral Session date = 2010-11-24 keywords = COPD; CPFE; group; lung; patient; pulmonary; result; signifi; study summary = Methods We determined the usefulness of preoperative lung function by spirometry in predicting regression of pulmonary hypertension after surgical correction of mitral stenosis among 20 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery at Philippine Heart Center from July to December 2009. Elderly patients exhibited a signifi cantly higher mortality rate that was independently associated with the following: age; residence status; confusion, urea, respiratory frequency and blood pressure (CURB) score; comorbid conditions; and failure of initial therapy. Methods A total of 40 patients (Male: 50%; Female: 50%) admitted and diagnosed with HAP at our Center were followed up to investigate the rate of adherence of physicians on the diagnosis and treatment of HAP based on Level I and II ATS/IDSA 2008 recommendations and to determine its association with outcome (mortality, mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, hospital stay). doi = 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01864.x id = cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author = nan title = MONDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 keywords = ABO; DAT; FFP; HBV; HCV; HIV; HLA; Hospital; NAT; PCR; RBC; RHD; RNA; TRALI; Transfusion; anti; antibody; blood; cell; dna; donor; group; method; patient; platelet; result; study; system; test summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. doi = 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00652.x id = cord-023354-f2ciho6o author = nan title = TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 keywords = ABO; DAT; FFP; HBV; HCV; HIV; HLA; Hospital; NAT; PCR; RBC; RHD; RNA; TRALI; Transfusion; anti; antibody; blood; cell; dna; donor; group; method; patient; platelet; result; study; system; test summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. doi = 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00654.x id = cord-023364-ut56gczm author = nan title = EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date = 2005-06-08 keywords = ABO; DAT; FFP; HBV; HCV; HIV; HLA; Hospital; NAT; PCR; RBC; RHD; RNA; TRALI; Transfusion; anti; antibody; blood; cell; dna; donor; group; method; patient; platelet; result; study; system; test summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. doi = 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00651.x id = cord-286479-p9d78t6v author = nan title = NeoCORE Conference Abstracts date = 2020-07-09 keywords = NEC; NICU; Neonatology; group; infant; preterm summary = doi = 10.1007/s12098-020-03376-y id = cord-318248-y2vkpuv3 author = nan title = Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: An Asia–Pacific perspective date = 2005-02-03 keywords = COPD; Group; Roundtable; gold summary = doi = 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2005.00692.x id = cord-335975-m6lkrehi author = nan title = Proceedings of Réanimation 2018, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date = 2018-02-05 keywords = AKI; ARDS; CKD; December; ECMO; Fig; ICU; IQR; January; NIV; SAPS; VAP; care; day; group; introduction; mortality; patient; result; sofa; study summary = A qSOFA score relying on 3 simple clinical criteria (respiratory rate, mental status and systolic blood pressure) has been proposed to better identify septic patients with associated higher mortality outside the intensive care unit (Seymour CW et al., JAMA 2016) . We propose to determine whether the arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) at intensive care unit (ICU) admission affects mortality at day 28 (D28) in patients with septic shock subjected to mechanical out-of-hospital ventilation. Conclusion: In this study, we report a significant association between hyperoxemia at ICU admission and mortality at D28 in patients with septic shock subjected to pre-hospital invasive mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to describe outcome of pediatric patient with hematologic disease hospitalized in our intensive care unit for respiratory failure and to investigate the clinical variables associated with mortality. doi = 10.1186/s13613-017-0345-7 id = cord-341063-3rqnu5bu author = nan title = 38th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 20-23 March 2018 date = 2018-03-29 keywords = AKI; APACHE; ARDS; Care; Critical; Fig; Hospital; ICU; IQR; IVC; Intensive; LOS; TBI; University; VAP; conclusion; day; group; high; introduction; method; mortality; patient; peep; result; score; sofa; study; table summary = Procacitonin (PCT) emerges as a possible predictive tool in cardiothoracic intensive care unit (CTICU).We aim at testing the predictive power of PCT for early morbidity, prolonged ventilation, ICU and hospital stay, in patients developing early fever after cardiac surgery Methods: A retrospective descriptive study done in tertiary cardiac center, enrolling patients who stayed for more than 24 hours post-operatively in the CTICU Risk stratification included additive Euro score and PCT immunoluminometricaly prior to surgery and every 48 hours in response to onset of fever. Prognostic accuracy of quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score for mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis Introduction: The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence assessing the qSOFA [1] , calculated in admission of the patient in emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU), as a predictor of mortality. doi = 10.1186/s13054-018-1973-5 id = cord-355038-o2hr5mox author = nan title = Proceedings of Réanimation 2020, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date = 2020-02-11 keywords = AKI; ARDS; CHU; COPD; Care; Correspondence; December; ECMO; Fig; France; Hospital; ICU; IQR; January; NIV; PICU; VAP; day; french; group; high; invitation; method; mortality; patient; rationale; result; sofa; study summary = Conclusion: In patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS, a higher tidal volume under PSV within the 72 h following neuromuscular blockers cessation is independently associated with the 28-day mortality.Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative probability of survival according to the mean tidal volume (Vt)-lower of higher than 8 ml/ kg-under pressure support ventilation (PSV) during the "transition period" transfusion is associated with adverse events, and equipoise remains on the optimal transfusion strategy in oncologic patients in surgical setting. Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Patients and methods: In a retrospective monocentric study (01/2013-01/2017) conducted in cardio-vascular surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in Henri Mondor teaching hospital, all consecutive adult patients who underwent peripheral VA-ECMO were included, with exclusion of those dying in the first 24 h. Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Rationale: Acute respiratory failure is the leading reason for intensive care unit (ICU) admission in immunocompromised patients and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation has become a major clinical end-point in randomized controlled trials (RCT). doi = 10.1186/s13613-020-0623-7 id = cord-302305-xr067v2n author = van Aalst, Jan title = Distinguishing knowledge-sharing, knowledge-construction, and knowledge-creation discourses date = 2009-06-20 keywords = Bereiter; Forum; Group; Knowledge; Scardamalia; student summary = Knowledge construction involves a range of cognitive processes, including the use of explanation-seeking questions and problems, interpreting and evaluating new information, sharing, critiquing, and testing ideas at different levels (e.g., conjectures versus explanations that refer to concepts and/or causal mechanisms), and efforts to rise above current levels of explanation, including summarization, synthesis, and the creation of new concepts. Important progress has been made in this direction by the development of a system of principles that describe the socio-cognitive and socio-technological dynamics of knowledge creation, including collective cognitive responsibility for knowledge advancement, real ideas/authentic problems, epistemic agency, improvable ideas, rise-above, and constructive use of authoritative sources (Scardamalia 2002) . However, more work is needed to characterize the innovation ecology, such as by determining the social practices that make collaboration possible, the overall school culture, and the community''s experience at knowledge creation and its long-term goals (Bielaczyc 2006; Truong 2008) . doi = 10.1007/s11412-009-9069-5 id = cord-317347-by8albr9 author = van Ginkel, Frederik W. title = Age-dependent immune responses and immune protection after avian coronavirus vaccination date = 2015-05-28 keywords = Fig; IBV; day; group summary = The delayed and/or lower antibody response combined with lower IgG avidity indices coincided with increased tracheal inflammation and depletion of tracheal epithelia cells and goblet cells upon IBV field strain challenge. Therefore, the ability of SPF chickens of different age to induce an IBV-specific antibody response and protect against challenge with an IBV field strain was measured. In order to measure IgG (IgY), IgA and IgM antibody levels in plasma and tears of chicken, an IBV-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed as previously described [20] . These data are consistent with a delay in the IgA plasma response to IBV in birds vaccinated at a younger age and a non-significant decline in mean IgA titers in the 1-day-old group. This would be consistent with a drop of presumably natural maternal IBV-specific IgM antibodies in these SPF chickens in the day 7 control age group. doi = 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.026