cord-018106-5giapmcf	2019	Similar findings have been reported in multiple studies indicating acute and persistently elevated stress levels as well as other emotional sequelae of healthcare workers during and after pandemic disease outbreaks [10] [11] [12] . A study of the psychological impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak on healthcare workers in Singapore found that support from supervisors and colleagues was a significant negative predictor for psychiatric symptoms and PTSD, in addition to clear communication of directives and precautionary measures which also helped reduce psychiatric symptoms [15] . Providing psychiatric care to survivors and healthcare workers in the aftermath of a pandemic outbreak is a complicated, but crucial, imperative in the service of reducing the burden of human suffering.
cord-022103-4zk8i6qb	2017	A series of IPC guidelines have been developed and updated at varying intervals by the HICPAC/CDC, IDSA, Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), American Academy of Pediatrics, Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, and others to provide evidence-based and rated recommendations for practices that are associated with reduced rates of HAIs, especially those infections associated with the use of medical devices and surgical procedures. (2) clinical microbiology laboratory services needed to support infection control outbreak investigations, including ability to perform molecular diagnostic testing; (3) data-mining programs and information technology specialists; (4) multidisciplinary programs to ensure judicious use of antimicrobial agents and control of resistance; (5) development of effective educational information for delivery to HCP, patients, families, and visitors; and (6) local and state health department resources for preparedness.
cord-023511-tvx4cflu	2020	It concludes that the liberal egalitarian conception of distributive justice at the heart of the NHS that aims to guarantee free and equal access to healthcare is now in jeopardy and is being replaced by a utilitarian approach based on a priority ranking of patients for the provision of services at this critical time. 3 Nonetheless, considerations around the basic entitlement to healthcare, whether resources should be allocated based on a patient''s, a community''s or a population''s needs or whether the NHS should aim to provide individuals with greater life opportunity by satisfying healthcare needs, still to this day occupy the policy debate, and most particularly in this time of crisis. 9 Even though crucial turning points at the national level have triggered healthcare reforms that embraced alternative ideas of justice, at times prescribing the use of utilitarian means or libertarian principles to achieve greater efficiency and guarantee equal access to care, the original egalitarian goals have not been compromised.
cord-024619-0wihqs9i	2020	Thus, require finding suitable sites for put forward new healthcare service, which was highlighted in the second tier of analysis based on land use land cover, distancing to road and rail, proximity to residential areas, and weighted overlay of accessibility as decision factors. The present study aimed to utilize spatial tools to integrate different spatial and aspatial information for spatial analysis of healthcare accessibility and inaccessibility which support to propose new health infrastructures in inaccessible areas in Murshidabad district of West Bengal, India. Murshidabad district come under the medium-to-low accessible zone for health service if only availability of medical institution will be the criteria but spatial location (distance, travel impedance, travel cost etc.) of the healthcare centres also a vital element for driving accessibility. While many previous researchers have highlighted the nonspatial data and statistical inference to analyse healthcare accessibility in a geographical location, the present study applied a GIS-based hybrid decision-making approach for assessing the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities and site suitability analysis in Murshidabad district of West Bengal, India.
cord-024982-4f6m3kfc	2020	title: Occupational health and safety hazards faced by healthcare professionals in Taiwan: A systematic review of risk factors and control strategies BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals in Taiwan are exposed to a myriad of occupational health and safety hazards, including physical, biological, chemical, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards. The impact of such hazards on healthcare professionals poses a serious public health issue in Taiwan; therefore, controlling, eliminating, or reducing exposure can contribute to a stronger healthcare workforce with great potential to improve patient care and the healthcare system in Taiwan. The International Labour Organization (ILO) 3 reported that millions of healthcare workers suffer from work-related diseases and accidents, and many succumb to occupational hazards. 9 This study reviewed previous works on OHS hazards, as well as their risk factors and control strategies, with a focus on healthcare professionals in Taiwan. We used the following key words in our literature search: occupational health and safety, risk factors, healthcare professionals, control strategies, and Taiwan 
cord-031975-no3dawlg	2020	Editor''s Perspective EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVE SEPTEMBER 2020 JVN ISSUE Several months into the pandemic, we have gained a better understanding of COVID-19. As we continue navigating uncharted territory coupled with healthcare provider shortages, the usage of chatbots has surged. In attempts to provide efficient and effective access to healthcare, ''''DoctorBot'''' streamlines access to health information through a series of interactive conversations simulating human interaction. 3 Doctorbot is a health assistant CI collecting healthcare information, evaluating personal health information, and providing recommendation on health-care including scheduling an office follow up appointment. DoctorBot can assist the patient by understanding and assessing questions and if indicated schedule a follow up appointment with the healthcare provider to address any continued concerns based on the patient response. Virtual visits coupled with DoctorBot provide assistance to patients around the clock at their fingertips.
cord-033771-yf5aq2h5	2020	This study empirically examined the effects of internal and external factors on actual use behavior, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention of healthcare wearable devices. To achieve the research objectives, this study develops a research model based on the Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Beliefs (KAPB) model, a frequently used method in the development and delivery of health education programs for preventive activities, the UTAUT2 model related to the acceptance of new technologies, and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The final questionnaire is shown in Table 1 and provides measurement items for knowledge, attitude, belief, technological and social factors, actual use behavior, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention. The values of standardized regression weights for knowledge, attitude, belief, technological factors, social factors, actual use behaviors, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention were all greater than .5, indicating all variables proposed by the study were statistically significant at the .05 level.
cord-102542-1mglhh41	2020	This article takes a closer look at how these emerging chatbots address design aspects relevant to healthcare service provision, emphasizing the Human-AI interaction aspects and the transparency in AI automation and decision making. This paper: • identifies salient service provision archetypes that characterize the emerging roles and functions the chatbots aim to fulfill; • assesses the design choices concerning domainspecific dimensions associated with health service provision and user experience; • provides implications for theory and practice that highlight existing gaps. The archetype does not perform the diagnosis but instead support a diagnosis by either i) facilitating access to health services, such as the Pathology Lab Chatbot facilitating access to doctors and scheduling visits, ii) supporting online consultations with health professionals, such as the iCliniq that pairs up users with doctors for online consultation, and iii) providing conversational access to information regarding symptoms and diseases, such as the WebMD.
cord-271582-xo2a4wnj	2020	Instead, as the pandemic ravaged developed nations in the early months of the pandemic, COVID-19 exposed conflicted political leadership, limited vital medical supplies including personal protective equipment (PPE) and under-funded public health system capacity. Similarly, COVID-19 has forced healthcare workers in developed countries to confront moral dilemmas that have received limited attention from policymakers, clinicians and ethicists until now, but are part of daily life for their counterparts in resource-poor nations. Public health ethics has seen renewed relevance, including highly charged debates about the provision of PPE and whether healthcare workers have a ''duty to treat''. One struggle emerging at the clinical coalface is preserving the vital relationship between patients and healthcare providers despite unprecedented change in medical systems and delivery of care. Clinical ethics recommend ations for the allocation of intensive care treatments in exceptional, resource-limited circumstances: the Italian perspective during the COVID-19 epidemic
cord-282457-80htwxm0	2020	In most disasters, and certainly during the current COVID-19 pandemic, frontline healthcare professionals face two key ethical issues: (1) whether to respond despite the risks involved; and (2) how to distribute scarce, lifesaving medical resources. To address one concern, on March 20, 2020, the American Academy of Emergency Medicine issued a position statement saying, in part, that they believe "a physician, nurse, PA, first responder or other healthcare professional has the right to be removed from the schedule of work requiring direct contact with patients potentially infected with COVID-19 for issues of personal health, such as being on immunosuppressive therapy or other similar concerns, without the risk of termination of employment." 15 Rarely discussed, but a key part of maintaining our workforce, is to support the psychosocial needs of the healthcare team.
cord-283413-xapzer5s	2020	During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2], while a recent study from Wuhan, China reported that 1716 healthcare workers were infected with COVID-19, representing 3.8% of confirmed cases [3]. During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2] . Known risks of non-peer-reviewed materials disseminated via social medial include the application of context-specific resources to unsuitable situations; engagement with biased knowledge within echo chambers'' (groups consisting of only like-minded individuals) and algorithm-driven filter bubbles that selectively display information based on user preferences [15] ; and insufficient source information available to Box 1 Criteria for the responsible use of social media disseminated information. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, social media has the potential, if responsibly and appropriately used, to provide rapid and effective dissemination routes for key information.
cord-291222-n8kgsz2e	2004	We conducted an investigation of healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients in the United States to evaluate infection-control practices and possible SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transmission. Due to the importance of healthcare facilities in transmission of SARS worldwide, state and local health departments, together with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), conducted a review of U.S. healthcare workers exposed to patients positive for SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In the United States, potential droplet-and aerosol-generating procedures were infrequent: only one patient required mechanical ventilation, and few healthcare workers reported administering aerosolized medication or performing 1 0 (0) 0 (0) a SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; HCWs, healthcare workers; NA, not available due to incomplete reporting. Unprotected exposures in healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients after full infection-control procedures were initiated (n = 43) a Exposure type n (%) Any unprotected exposure 21 (49) Without eye protection 18 (42) Without N95 or higher respirator 6 (14) Direct contact without gloves 6 (14) a SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome.
cord-299804-2q8r5w2o	2015	Summary Healthcare workers (HCWs) wear uniforms, such as scrubs and lab coats, for several reasons: (1) to identify themselves as hospital personnel to their patients and employers; (2) to display professionalism; and (3) to provide barrier protection for street clothes from unexpected exposures during the work shift. The role that active barrier textiles, including antimicrobial and fluid-repellent properties, could play in preventing occupationally acquired and healthcare-associated illnesses and infections among both patients and workers has been researched, and there is now some evidence to support their use as an effective strategy for preventing crosscontamination. This paper provides a summary review of current evidence of the risks around textiles in healthcare settings, and the potential benefits of novel fabrics to prevent transmission of infectious agents to and from HCWs. Experts believe that textiles (i.e. curtains, upholstery, apparel, etc.) play an important role in the acquisition and transmission of pathogens in healthcare.
cord-305104-jk6ai1od	2020	All rights reserved Cross-sectional pilot study exploring the feasibility of a rapid SARS-CoV-2 immunization test in healthcare and non-healthcare workers To the Editor: We aimed to generate an immune response map to SARS-CoV-2 in a very specific population of a Medical School were both healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers cohabit, and elucidate the main risk factors that can be associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in each population. Additionally, this pilot study provides the knowledge and the positive controls (healthcare workers with positive RT-PCR) for the development of future methodological strategies aiming to set up new immunological tests for herd immunity follow-up (ELISA, neutralization assays, etc.).This will be helpful if we take into account the shortage of commercial kits for SARS-CoV-2 immunological tests during the pandemic, and the limitations of these tests in terms of specificity and sensitivity (5, 6)().
cord-305941-277iqp0u	2020	The findings of this study showed that in order to raise psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic their quality of sleep, positive emotions and life satisfaction need to be enhanced. Accordingly, among the probed individual variables are gender, age, having children or not, taking personal precautions against the risk of becoming infected with the COVID-19 virus, worry about transmitting the virus to family/relatives, quality of nutrition and sleep, positive-negative affective state and life satisfaction, while environmental 4 In model 3, age and occupation (doctor), quality of sleep, positive and negative affect, and life satisfaction significantly predicted the psychological resilience of healthcare professionals. The findings of this study revealed that in order to raise psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic their quality of sleep, positive emotions and life satisfaction need to be enhanced.
cord-313384-v4g6dq6p	2020	The aim of this research is to enhance desirability optimization models to create a global healthcare competitiveness index (GHCI) covering 53 countries with gross domestic product per capita (GDP PC) of over $10,000. The optimum and feasible values of the factors considered influential on objective functions have been determined as the basis of healthcare expenditure (HE) and GHCI in those relevant countries. The problem statement which is an optimization model with the help of statistical analysis was developed to create GHCI to measure the structural and economic status of healthcare of considered countries in this research. Finally, after calculating GHCI optimization values not included in the flowchart, an index was created to list the healthcare systems of the countries considered in this study. The desirability equations obtained as a result of statistical analysis and the GHCI values belonging to the countries were calculated to construct the optimization models.
cord-314720-pzq9muce	2020	Now that patient visits to hospitals must be restricted due to the pandemic situation, patients have started to adopt virtual healthcare technologies, especially telehealth platforms as a first line option to seek clinical care and healthcare providers are using this to perform a virtual triage using dialogue and questionnaires to shortlist who needs to be examined in person. Health care providers need to be familiar with the technology and receive orientation prior to adopting telehealth platforms; in addition, ''health professionals have to comply with existing legislation, associated regulations, and the medical ethical guidelines adopted and followed in their country'' [3] . On the other hand, patients opting for virtual healthcare, especially for telehealth consultations need to be educated and reliable, as the information they provide is vital for making decisions. With more and more institutions adopting virtual healthcare, it is impending to become the new normal after this pandemic palliates [5] .
cord-318063-bainw3d6	2018	Several studies suggest that simple infection-control procedures such as cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub can help prevent HCAIs and save lives, reduce morbidity, and minimize health care costs. Health care-associated infections and prevention strategy About 68.6% of all bacterial isolates were resistant to cefuroxime used in the management of orthopedic SSIs. This study also found that diabetes mellitus, smoking, operations lasting more than 3 hours, the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a history of previous surgery were positive risk factors associated with a significant upsurge in SSIs. 87 SSIs comprise at least 14%-22.2% of all HCAIs for abdominal surgery [88] [89] [90] and often lead to extended hospitalization and higher antimicrobial costs. Prevalence, incidence burden, and clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance: a national prevalent cohort study in acute care hospitals in Greece
cord-319828-9ru9lh0c	2020	The potential benefits associated with EHR systems (e.g. public healthcare management, online patient access, and patients medical data sharing) have also attracted the interest of the research community [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] . In theory, EHR systems should ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the stored data, and data can be shared securely among authorized users (e.g. medical practitioners with the right need to access particular patient''s data to facilitate diagno-70 sis). 2. all of data will be exposed once the corresponding symmetric key is lost Table 2 : systems requirements that have been met in Table 1 paper security privacy anonymity integrity authentication controllability auditability accountability [48] designed a system that integrates smart contract with IPFS to improve decentralized cloud storage and controlled data sharing for better user access management. Secure and efficient data accessibility in blockchain based healthcare systems
cord-321098-j3glby40	2020	Background: The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the partial lockdown, the disease intensity, weak governance in the healthcare system, insufficient medical facilities, unawareness, and the sharing of misinformation in the mass media has led to people experiencing fear and anxiety. To understand the possible psychosocial, socio-economic, and environmental impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh, we considered and identified several relevant and possible items based on the socio-economic situation, political analysis, the existing healthcare system, environmental analysis, possible emerging issues utilized from scenario developments, analysis of local and global reports of the COVID-19 pandemic from the print and electronic media, and a literature review. The socioeconomic issues (SEI 10) and immediate emerging issues (IEI2) have a statistically significant positive impact (p < 0.01), e.g., obstruction to the formal education system, and the potentiality of a huge number of people becoming infected may contribute to the fear development of the COVID-19 outbreak in this country.
cord-323482-kk8iyavj	2020	We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on HCWs (healthcare workers). Our main aim was to perform an updated and more comprehensive rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, including a) changes over time, b) prevalence of mental health problems and risk/resilience factors, c) strategies and resources used by healthcare providers to protect their own mental health, d) perceived need and preferences for interventions, and e) healthcare workers'' understandings of their own mental health during the pandemic. show the distribution of anxiety, depression, distress, and sleeping problems among the healthcare workers investigated in the 29 studies, using the authors'' own methods of assessing these outcomes The most commonly reported protective factor associated with reduced risk of mental health problems was having social support 48 ,58 ,69 ,74 .
cord-323489-ro7kbnu3	2020	There are a number of reasons why the protection of healthcare professionals has to be one of the main objectives in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: 1) They are necessary to guarantee the continuity of care; 2) They have a high risk of contagion due to their front-line exposure to infected patients; and 3) They may act as transmission vehicles in their day-to-day work to patients, other colleagues, and members of their families and the community. a Special care or protective measures for medical, nursing and auxiliary staff who work daily with haemodialysis patients As has previously been described in other publications 3,10 , the main protection measures for healthcare professionals and patients in haemodialysis units are: 1) adequate information for patients attending the centre in terms of maintaining a safe distance from fellow patients in waiting rooms and ambulances, and in the use of surgical masks and frequent hand washing; 2) early detection of patients suspected to be infected on arrival at the unit (questionnaires about symptoms or close contacts, taking temperature), and if highly suspect, taking a nasopharyngeal swab for PCR testing.
cord-323696-0lq8ql6n	2020	We reflect on the US and the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies. We reflect on the US and the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies. These include the US healthcare delivery model, the defunding of public health, a scarcity of infectious diseases physicians, the market failure of vaccines and anti-infectives and the concept of American exceptionalism. These include the US healthcare delivery model, the defunding of public health, a scarcity of infectious diseases physicians, the market failure of vaccines and anti-infectives and the concept of American exceptionalism. 1 We reflect on the US and its response to the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies.
cord-327300-dvlb61tw	2020	The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of HCF in Sub-Saharan Africa have basic access to water and sanitation, respectively. Therefore, this paper reviews the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant global and country-level institutional documents (policies, legislations, guides, plans and monitoring tools) using Kenya as a case study. Guided by the political ecology of health theory this paper explored the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant policies, guidelines, legislation, plans, monitoring and evaluation documents at the global and national context using Kenya as a case study.
cord-328873-yheimxhu	2020	Suddenly healthcare providers are overwhelmed with problems of diagnosing and screening a virus, managing a disease which has a spectrum that ends in ARDS and death and preventing the spread of infection with still no vaccine available. In their report, using a transmission model founded on an individual-based simulation model for pandemic influenza, the authors investigated the effects of 2 intervention strategies in a UK and a USA context: 1 -Mitigation strategy with the aim of slowing down transmission but not necessarily stopping epidemic spread (reproduction number R not necessarily <1) with protection of more vulnerable groups and reducing the peak healthcare demand, 2 -Suppression strategy in which epidemic spread is reversed to reproduction number (R) <1. The authors concluded that the mitigation strategy, although associated with a herd immunity would result in overwhelming the healthcare system in both the UK and the USA and that it will never be able to completely protect those at risk from severe disease or death and the resulting mortality would therefore still be high.
cord-330737-6khv4kbj	2020	Problems from a dysfunctional costing model in hospital operating systems were magnified by a very large demand shock triggered by acute need in healthcare and panicked marketplace behavior that depleted domestic PPE inventories. Removing the profit motive for purchasing PPE in hospital costing models and pursuing strategic industrial policy to reduce the US dependence on imported PPE will both help to better protect healthcare workers with adequate supplies of PPE. Since early 2020 the US has experienced a severe shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) needed by healthcare workers fighting the COVID-19 pandemic (Emanuel et al., 2020; Livingston, Desai, & Berkwits, 2020) . We now turn to our analysis of PPE shortages, which identifies on four contributing factors: the way that hospitals budget for PPE, domestic demand shocks, federal government failures, and disruptions to the global supply chain (Figure 2 ).
cord-330814-7incf20e	2020	Background and objective The recent pandemic due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major concern for the people and governments across the world due to its impact on individuals as well as on public health. Conclusion Most healthcare professionals and the general public that we surveyed were well informed about SARS-CoV-2 and have been taking adequate measures in preventing the spread of the same. Social media platforms arguably support the conditions necessary for attitude change by exposing individuals to correct, accurate, health-promoting messages from healthcare professionals In order to investigate community responses to SARS-CoV-2, we conducted this online survey among the general public and healthcare professionals to identify awareness of SARS-CoV-2 (perceived burden and risk), trusted sources of information, awareness of preventative measures and support for governmental policies and trust in authority to handle SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and put forward policy recommendations in case of similar future conditions.
cord-330966-98sygj8n	2020	title: Empathic communication as a "Risky Strength" for Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Case of Frontline Italian Healthcare Workers In the face of this unpredictable disease and its related safety risks, healthcare providers feared infection and worried about their loved ones, but they still joined the institutional call to give their professional contribution to contain the epidemic and showed a limitless spirit of empathy. They were invited to fill an online questionnaire includingin addition to information on demographic and professionals aspects -the following items: self-report items designed to assess healthcare professionals'' empathic attitude in terms of their perspective taking ability (e.g. item: A health care professional who is able to view things from another person''s perspective can provide patients'' with better care) and a list of psychosomatic symptoms adapted from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire [7] Table 1 describes more in details the sample characteristics. Caring for Health Professionals in the COVID-19 Pandemic Emergency : Toward an " Epidemic of Empathy " in Healthcare
cord-333509-dnuakd6h	2020	Recent developments have witnessed strong responses from the public and healthcare workers, ranging from pursuing legal actions against the government or their employers (hospitals) for breaching their obligations of care towards employees to calling for a full public inquiry into pandemic management, including the status of the PPE stockpile. PPE under the Regulations means "all equip-ment…intended to be worn or held by a person at work and which protects the person against one or more risks to that person''s health or safety, and any addition or accessory designed to meet that objective." 29 Consequently, PPE in the hospital context is broad enough to include all equipment that protect healthcare workers from infectious particles arising from aerosol generating procedures, ventilators, respirators or testing facilities with high concentrations of droplets or airborne diseases. Imposing the duty to provide PPE is therefore central in ensuring healthcare workers are protected from the risks of infection and to realise the aim of delivering patient-centred care to the public.
cord-338730-49ai51ah	2020	Analysis and evaluation of 19 carefully selected studies revealed three main research categories: (i) social CRM ''eCRM''; (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS; with positive outcomes for CRM both in terms of patients relationship/communication with hospital, satisfaction, medical treatment/outcomes and empowerment and hospitals medical operation, productivity, cost, performance, efficiency and service quality. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were: presenting an empirical and conceptual evidence; directly relevant to CRM in healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics and medical centres); papers that are conducted in developing countries; published from 2000 to present; and published in peer-reviewed journals. To synthesise the data as accurately and in an unbiased manner as possible, we performed a narrative synthesis review for effectiveness [65] of diverse study characteristics, which allowed us to categorise and identify three main CRM research categories that were relevant to healthcare settings: (i) e-CRM (Web-based CRM); (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS.
cord-340427-kirtoaf2	2020	We evaluated the perceptions of students and graduates in public health studies at the Medical University of Lublin, Poland, concerning their preparation and management skills for crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of students and graduates in public health studies at the Medical University of Lublin, Poland, concerning their preparation and management skills for crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The standard of the Polish medical training in 2019 may raise some concerns about the preparation of future medical staff in management of mass casualties resulting from major incidents and disasters, as well as an overwhelming amount of sick patients that can stress a healthcare system due to a pandemic. However, it was a pilot study that revealed gaps in training and education related to crisis and disaster management in the public health studies curriculum, one that is preparing students to manage and lead healthcare organizations.
cord-344435-rweyarop	2020	key: cord-344435-rweyarop authors: Rodriguez‐Wallberg, Kenny A.; Wikander, Ida title: A global recommendation for restrictive provision of fertility treatments during the COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-04-08 journal: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13851 sha: doc_id: 344435 cord_uid: rweyarop nan At this moment, the healthcare services of many countries are becoming overloaded, and several countries have also implemented laws to limit people''s movements as well as enforcing quarantines. Healthcare personnel are being reallocated to be able to provide healthcare for individuals affected by the pandemic. We are in an emergency situation that is new for us and that is obviously not a safe situation. We hope that the temporarily suspended fertility treatments can be resumed shortly and will be performed under safe conditions in the best interests of our patients who are dealing with infertility. ESHRE statement on pregnancy and conception Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: What clinical recommendations to follow? Updated Statement of the COVID-19 FSA Response Committee
cord-344729-sjjedgws	2020	The management of acute neurological conditions, particularly acute ischemic stroke, in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is of importance, considering the risk of infection to the healthcare workers and patients and emerging evidence of the neuroinvasive potential of the virus. Management of patients with acute ischemic stroke during COVID-19 pandemic could be challenging and certain precautions must be taken in order to protect healthcare workers, particularly in the delivery of endovascular treatment, where aerosol could be produced during the procedures, to prevent further vector transmission (9) . Notably, these guidelines concur with the "Consensus Statement from Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology & Critical Care" about "Anesthetic Management of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke During COVID-19 Pandemic (9), " in that general anesthesia should be used if there are concerns surrounding the need for mid-procedural conversion and intubation which could be very detrimental and could expose the whole team, a scenario that should be avoided at all cost.
cord-346358-ffqewqdc	2020	This paper augments the technology acceptance model (TAM) by empirically investigating the influence of behavioral traits (privacy concerns and trust) and cognitive beliefs (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) on patients'' behavioral intention to accept technology in healthcare service delivery. However, a detailed J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f empirical study aimed at examination of nuances pertaining to technology adoption by patients in relation to privacy and trust in healthcare, particularly from a patient centric viewpoint (as opposed to service provider centric perspective) is a key contribution of our research. To this end, this empirical study focuses on patients receiving treatment in primary health centers (PHCs) in New Delhi, India is aimed at answering the following research In order to answer these questions, based on a comprehensive review of extant literature, we propose extending TAM by integrating two latent behavioural variables, i.e., trust and privacy concern.
cord-346606-bsvlr3fk	2020	The novel ICT technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) [2] , Artificial Intelligence (AI) [3] , Big Data, 5G communications, cloud computing and blockchain [4] can play a vital role to facilitate the environment fostering protection and improvement of people and economies. These 5G technologies will enable ubiquitous digital health services combating COVID-19, described in the following section as 5G based healthcare use cases. Other applications would perform regular health monitoring of patients such as followup visits, provide instructions on medical services, and spread knowledge on present COVID-19 situation and upto date precautions. To address the issues in healthcare related supply chains, industries can adopt smart manufacturing techniques equipped with IoT sensor networks, automated production lines which dynamically adapt to the variations in demand, and sophisticated monitoring systems. Hence, solutions developed using 5G technologies serve various health related use cases such as telehealth, supply chain management, self-isolation and contact tracing, and rapid health services deployments.
cord-347185-ttf8oigk	2020	Supportive care needs exceed any previous healthcare challenge, while public health measures are reliant on the blunt tools of isolation and travel restriction which have an economic impact on a scale not contemplated for generations (e.g. predicted 35% fall in U.K. GDPunemployment reaching 10%; 4 10% contraction in the Eurozone economy, 42% fall in global oil price, 44% contraction in air & travel). When healthcare colleagues are being placed at risk of severe disease or death through patient contact (particularly in the face of limited protective equipment or training), we must all support social measures to minimise case numbers -virtual clinical care systems should be used to enable patients not to travel. We may see a retrenchment of healthcare funding away from the trauma and oncological care (including complex reconstruction) that benefits the individual, towards population level interventions in public health and infectious diseases.
cord-347605-6db4gwhk	2020	Verbal and physical violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) have reached considerable levels worldwide, and the World Medical Association has most recently defined violence against health personnel "an international emergency that undermines the very foundations of health systems and impacts critically on patient''s health" (1) . Two systematic reviews and meta-analyses published at the end of 2019 found a high prevalence of workplace violence by patients and visitors against nurses and physicians (2) , and show that occupational violence against HCWs in dental healthcare centers is not uncommon (3) . The recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses and the World Health Organization condemnation of the attacks against HCWs treating patients with COVID-19 have confirmed the seriousness of the situation regarding violence against doctors and nurses worldwide. Working in remote health care areas, understaffing, emotional or mental stress of patients or visitors, insufficient security, and lack of preventative measures have been identified as underlying factors of violence against physicians in a 2019 systematic review and meta-analysis (26) .
cord-348840-s8wjg4ar	2017	Microorganisms contaminating such high-touch surfaces include Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, yeasts and parasites, with improved cleaning and disinfection effectively decreasing the rate of HAIs. Manual and automated surface cleaning strategies used in the control of infectious outbreaks are discussed and current trends concerning the prevention of contamination by the use of antimicrobial surfaces are taken into consideration in this manuscript. Additionally, evidence that hightouch surfaces (HTS) will work as an extra source of microbial pathogens accumulated over the years, e.g., several microorganisms can survive on medical equipment for hours to months, improved cleaning and disinfection of surfaces decrease the rate of HAI, and hospital environmental screening results and the study of clonal outbreaks, all have given support to the role of contaminated HTS in the transmission of pathogens between patients and healthcare personnel [4] . Microbial pathogens most frequently involved in the contamination of hospital environmental surfaces are (methicillinresistant) Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycinresistant enterococci (VRE), Clostridium difficile, multidrug resistant Gramme-negative bacilli (such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae), Norovirus, Coronavirus and Candida species [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] .
cord-354491-23cjm86c	2020	Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. Six studies reported on the implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems caused by the covid-19 pandemic among healthcare workers. While the majority of studies were cross-sectional and assessed as having high risk of bias, several patterns in their findings were evident: more healthcare workers were interested in social support to alieve mental health impacts, only a minority were interested in professional help for these problems, and yet interventions described in the literature largely seemed to focus on relieving individual symptoms.