# pos

id: cord-023511-tvx4cflu
pos: NNP
token:
  https://blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2020/03/26/dont-let-the-ethics-of-despair-infect-theintensive-care-unit

lemma:
  https://blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2020/03/26/dont-let-the-ethics-of-despair-infect-theintensive-care-unit


# ent

id: cord-022103-4zk8i6qb
type: PROTEIN
entity:
  Neisseria gonorrhoeae Treponema pallidum HIV hepatitis B virus parvovirus B19 Mycobacterium tuberculosis herpes simplex virus or group B Streptococcus


id: cord-022103-4zk8i6qb
type: ORG
entity:
  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Updated Recommendations for Use of Tetanus Toxoid Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid


id: cord-321098-j3glby40
type: GGP
entity:
  EEI6 p 0 05 shows that due to this shut down poor people will be severely affected the price of the basic products


id: cord-321098-j3glby40
type: GGP
entity:
  SEI2 4 0 336 0 493 and SEI10 0 418 The PC3 Third showed 7 196 of the variance and was moderate positively loaded for immediate emerging issues IEI1 5 0 546 0 665 The PC4 Four indicated 6 792 of the variance and was loaded with a significant level of strong positive loadings for immediate


id: cord-321098-j3glby40
type: ORG
entity:
  Mental Health Status Healthcare System Governance and Political Perspective Socio Economic Aspects and Emerging Issues


id: cord-346358-ffqewqdc
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  the Diverse Conceptualizations of Trust in Scholarly Research on Business Relationships Systematic review Impact of health information


id: cord-346358-ffqewqdc
type: ORG
entity:
  Personal Health Records Definitions Benefits and Strategies for Overcoming Barriers to Adoption Research


id: cord-346358-ffqewqdc
type: PRODUCT
entity:
  the Technology Acceptance Model User Acceptance of Information Technology Toward a Unified View Poverty


id: cord-346358-ffqewqdc
type: ORG
entity:
  An Artificial Intelligence Driven Multi Feature Extraction Scheme for Big Data Detection Big data analytics


id: cord-313384-v4g6dq6p
type: ORG
entity:
  Desirability Optimization Models to Create the Global Healthcare Competitiveness Index date 2020 06 24


id: cord-102542-1mglhh41
type: GGP
entity:
  Human AI interaction 7 Sociability empathy understandable medical vocabulary and emerging dialog styles are among the


id: cord-338730-49ai51ah
type: ORG
entity:
  the Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association JAMIA 3 PLOS Public Library of Science ONE


id: cord-338730-49ai51ah
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Investigating the Crucial Factors Affecting the Social CRM Implementation and Its Benefits in Iraqi Healthcare Industry Malaysia Doctoral Consortium for Information Systems Association for Information Systems Malaysia Chapter Factors


id: cord-338730-49ai51ah
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  N 1 5 while two studies 11 were based on conceptual modelling of CRM see Fig 4 The healthcare settings


id: cord-323482-kk8iyavj
type: LAW
entity:
  the COVID 19 Epidemic in China Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms


id: cord-323489-ro7kbnu3
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  False Negative Results of Real Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Role of Deep Learning Based CT Diagnosis and Insights from Two Cases Management of the SARS CoV 2 Covid 19


id: cord-323489-ro7kbnu3
type: ORG
entity:
  Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on Infection Prevention for Health Care Personnel Caring for Patients


id: cord-323489-ro7kbnu3
type: ORG
entity:
  the Department of Kidney Transplantation Impact on Mental Health and Perceptions of Psychological Care among Medical and Nursing Staff


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type: DISEASE
entity:
  depressive disorder posttraumatic stress disorder dissociative disorder obsessive compulsive disorder


id: cord-330814-7incf20e
type: ORG
entity:
  the World Health Organization WHO UpToDate Indian Council of Medical Research ICMR Center for Disease Control


id: cord-330814-7incf20e
type: ORG
entity:
  The Economic Times Bhilwara s Tale of Negligence Infected Docs Latest COVID 19 Case Hint at Possible Community


id: cord-299804-2q8r5w2o
type: ORG
entity:
  Occupational Safety and Health Administration Committee on Personal Protective Equipment for Healthcare Personnel to Prevent the Transmission of Pandemic Influenza


id: cord-299804-2q8r5w2o
type: DISEASE
entity:
  chronic sinusitis A cloud adult the Staphylococcus aureusevirus interaction revisited Outbreak of staphylococcal infection


id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw
type: ORG
entity:
  Sierra Leone A Systematic Review Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction World Health Organization Water Sanitation


id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Hygiene in Health Care Facilities Practical Steps to Achieve Universal Access World Health Organization Social Science Medicine 50 Years of Medical Health Geography Ies of Health and Wellbeing Old Ideas New Ideas or New Determinisms


id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw
type: ORG
entity:
  Institutional Arrangements Policy Environment for Prevention Control and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases


id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw
type: ORG
entity:
  Namgis First Nation One Community s Journey to Lobby for Water in an Environment of Privatized Water


id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw
type: ORG
entity:
  Kenya Ministry of Health Acceptability and Use of Portable Drinking Water and Hand Washing Stations in Health Care Facilities


id: cord-333509-dnuakd6h
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Hospitals Liabilities in Times of Pandemic Recalibrating the Legal Obligation to Provide Personal Protective Equipment to Healthcare Workers


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: ORG
entity:
  Acute Care Settings Emerging Infections Program Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use Prevalence Survey Team Multistate


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: ORG
entity:
  Prevalence of Healthcare Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals in Emerging Infections Program Hospital Prevalence Survey Team Reduction


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: ORG
entity:
  U S Acute Care Hospitals Prevalence of Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Use Among Adult Inpatients


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: ORG
entity:
  the Infectious Diseases Society of America National Healthcare Safety Network NHSN Team and Participating NHSN Facilities Antimicrobial


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: ORG
entity:
  Health Care First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care Is Safer Care Chapter 3 Geneva World Health Organization Healthcare


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: ORG
entity:
  Committee on Personal Protective Equipment for Healthcare Personnel to Prevent Transmission of Pandemic Influenza


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  ampicillin cefuroxime cotrimoxazole cefotaxime tetracycline amikacin gentamicin chloramphenicol cefixime cloxacillin


id: cord-348840-s8wjg4ar
type: ORG
entity:
  Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee s Guidelines for Environmental Infection Control


# url

id: cord-023511-tvx4cflu
domain: blogs.bmj.com
url:
  http://blogs.bmj.com/medical-ethics/2020/03/26/dont-let-the-ethics-of-despair-infect-theintensive-care-unit>


# bib

id: cord-018106-5giapmcf
title: Mental Health Care for Survivors and Healthcare Workers in the Aftermath of an Outbreak
author: Levin, Jacqueline
date: 2019-05-16
txt: ./txt/cord-018106-5giapmcf.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-018106-5giapmcf.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122898/
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-15346-5_11
summary:
  Similar findings have been reported in multiple studies indicating acute and persistently elevated stress levels as well as other emotional sequelae of healthcare workers during and after pandemic disease outbreaks [10] [11] [12] . A study of the psychological impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak on healthcare workers in Singapore found that support from supervisors and colleagues was a significant negative predictor for psychiatric symptoms and PTSD, in addition to clear communication of directives and precautionary measures which also helped reduce psychiatric symptoms [15] . Providing psychiatric care to survivors and healthcare workers in the aftermath of a pandemic outbreak is a complicated, but crucial, imperative in the service of reducing the burden of human suffering.

abstract:
  When pandemics sweep across communities, they leave behind tremendous suffering in their wake. It is not only the illness that becomes a pandemic, but the same can be inferred about fear, mourning, and despair. The reverberations of loss are felt in a multitude of ways by those left behind. Often times, the mental health issues of affected persons and entire communities do not receive the attention they deserve in the light of other competing, immediate needs imparted by the devastation of the pandemic. This chapter aims to develop strategies for providing psychiatric care to survivors and their families, in the aftermath of a pandemic outbreak. Lastly, special considerations in the application of psychopharmacological interventions are reviewed.


id: cord-022103-4zk8i6qb
title: Pediatric Healthcare Epidemiology
author: Siegel, Jane D.
date: 2017-07-18
txt: ./txt/cord-022103-4zk8i6qb.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-022103-4zk8i6qb.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152479/
doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-40181-4.00002-5
abstract: nan
summary:
  A series of IPC guidelines have been developed and updated at varying intervals by the HICPAC/CDC, IDSA, Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), American Academy of Pediatrics, Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, and others to provide evidence-based and rated recommendations for practices that are associated with reduced rates of HAIs, especially those infections associated with the use of medical devices and surgical procedures. (2) clinical microbiology laboratory services needed to support infection control outbreak investigations, including ability to perform molecular diagnostic testing; (3) data-mining programs and information technology specialists; (4) multidisciplinary programs to ensure judicious use of antimicrobial agents and control of resistance; (5) development of effective educational information for delivery to HCP, patients, families, and visitors; and (6) local and state health department resources for preparedness.


id: cord-023511-tvx4cflu
title: Will COVID-19 Mark the End of an Egalitarian National Health Service?
author: GERMAIN, Sabrina
date: 2020-04-09
txt: ./txt/cord-023511-tvx4cflu.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-023511-tvx4cflu.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7170808/
doi: 10.1017/err.2020.33
abstract: nan
summary:
  It concludes that the liberal egalitarian conception of distributive justice at the heart of the NHS that aims to guarantee free and equal access to healthcare is now in jeopardy and is being replaced by a utilitarian approach based on a priority ranking of patients for the provision of services at this critical time. 3 Nonetheless, considerations around the basic entitlement to healthcare, whether resources should be allocated based on a patient''s, a community''s or a population''s needs or whether the NHS should aim to provide individuals with greater life opportunity by satisfying healthcare needs, still to this day occupy the policy debate, and most particularly in this time of crisis. 9 Even though crucial turning points at the national level have triggered healthcare reforms that embraced alternative ideas of justice, at times prescribing the use of utilitarian means or libertarian principles to achieve greater efficiency and guarantee equal access to care, the original egalitarian goals have not been compromised.


id: cord-024619-0wihqs9i
author: Parvin, Farhana
date: 2020-05-11
txt: ./txt/cord-024619-0wihqs9i.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-024619-0wihqs9i.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7211563/
doi: 10.1007/s41324-020-00330-0
summary:
  Thus, require finding suitable sites for put forward new healthcare service, which was highlighted in the second tier of analysis based on land use land cover, distancing to road and rail, proximity to residential areas, and weighted overlay of accessibility as decision factors. The present study aimed to utilize spatial tools to integrate different spatial and aspatial information for spatial analysis of healthcare accessibility and inaccessibility which support to propose new health infrastructures in inaccessible areas in Murshidabad district of West Bengal, India. Murshidabad district come under the medium-to-low accessible zone for health service if only availability of medical institution will be the criteria but spatial location (distance, travel impedance, travel cost etc.) of the healthcare centres also a vital element for driving accessibility. While many previous researchers have highlighted the nonspatial data and statistical inference to analyse healthcare accessibility in a geographical location, the present study applied a GIS-based hybrid decision-making approach for assessing the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities and site suitability analysis in Murshidabad district of West Bengal, India.

title:
  Accessibility and site suitability for healthcare services using GIS-based hybrid decision-making approach: a study in Murshidabad, India

abstract:
  Healthcare accessibility and site suitability analysis is an elongated and complex task that requires evaluation of different decision factors. The main objective of the present study was to develop a hybrid decision-making approach with geographic information systems to integrate spatial and non-spatial data to form a weighted result. This study involved three-tier analyses for assessing accessibility and selecting suitable sites for healthcare facilities, and analysing shortest-path network. The first tier of analysis stressed the spatial distance, density and proximity from existing healthcare to find more deprived and inaccessible areas in term of healthcare facilities. The result revealed that spatial discrepancy exists in the study area in term of access to healthcare facilities and for achieving equal healthcare access, it is essential to propose new plans. Thus, require finding suitable sites for put forward new healthcare service, which was highlighted in the second tier of analysis based on land use land cover, distancing to road and rail, proximity to residential areas, and weighted overlay of accessibility as decision factors. Finally, in the third tier of analysis, the most suitable site among the proposed healthcare was identified using the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. The road network analysis was also performed in this study to determine the shortest and fastest route from these healthcare facilities to connect with district medical hospital. The present study found some suitable sites throughout the district on inaccessible zones where people are deprived from better healthcare facilities. This attempt will highly helpful for preparing a spatial decision support system which assists the health authorities regarding the healthcare services in inaccessible, underprivileged, and rural areas. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s41324-020-00330-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.


id: cord-024982-4f6m3kfc
author: Che Huei, Lin
date: 2020-05-18
txt: ./txt/cord-024982-4f6m3kfc.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-024982-4f6m3kfc.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7235655/
doi: 10.1177/2050312120918999
summary:
  title: Occupational health and safety hazards faced by healthcare professionals in Taiwan: A systematic review of risk factors and control strategies BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals in Taiwan are exposed to a myriad of occupational health and safety hazards, including physical, biological, chemical, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards. The impact of such hazards on healthcare professionals poses a serious public health issue in Taiwan; therefore, controlling, eliminating, or reducing exposure can contribute to a stronger healthcare workforce with great potential to improve patient care and the healthcare system in Taiwan. The International Labour Organization (ILO) 3 reported that millions of healthcare workers suffer from work-related diseases and accidents, and many succumb to occupational hazards. 9 This study reviewed previous works on OHS hazards, as well as their risk factors and control strategies, with a focus on healthcare professionals in Taiwan. We used the following key words in our literature search: occupational health and safety, risk factors, healthcare professionals, control strategies, and Taiwan 

title:
  Occupational health and safety hazards faced by healthcare professionals in Taiwan: A systematic review of risk factors and control strategies

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals in Taiwan are exposed to a myriad of occupational health and safety hazards, including physical, biological, chemical, ergonomic, and psychosocial hazards. Healthcare professionals working in hospitals and healthcare facilities are more likely to be subjected to these hazards than their counterparts working in other areas. OBJECTIVES: This review aims to assess current research literature regarding this situation with a view to informing policy makers and practitioners about the risks of exposure and offer evidence-based recommendations on how to eliminate or reduce such risks. METHODS: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses review strategy, we conducted a systematic review of studies related to occupational health and safety conducted between January 2000 and January 2019 using MEDLINE (Ovid), PubMed, PMC, TOXLINE, CINAHL, PLOS One, and Access Pharmacy databases. RESULTS: The review detected 490 studies addressing the issue of occupational health and safety hazards; of these, 30 articles were included in this systematic review. These articles reported a variety of exposures faced by healthcare professionals. This review also revealed a number of strategies that can be adopted to control, eliminate, or reduce hazards to healthcare professionals in Taiwan. CONCLUSION: Hospitals and healthcare facilities have many unique occupational health and safety hazards that can potentially affect the health and performance of healthcare professionals. The impact of such hazards on healthcare professionals poses a serious public health issue in Taiwan; therefore, controlling, eliminating, or reducing exposure can contribute to a stronger healthcare workforce with great potential to improve patient care and the healthcare system in Taiwan. Eliminating or reducing hazards can best be achieved through engineering measures, administrative policy, and the use of personal protective equipment. IMPLICATIONS: This review has research, policy, and practice implications and provides future students and researchers with information on systematic review methodologies based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses strategy. It also identifies occupational health and safety risks and provides insights and strategies to address them.


id: cord-031975-no3dawlg
title: Editorial perspective September 2020 JVN issue
author: nan
date: 2020-09-16
txt: ./txt/cord-031975-no3dawlg.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-031975-no3dawlg.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7494309/
doi: 10.1016/j.jvn.2020.08.001
abstract: nan
summary:
  Editor''s Perspective EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVE SEPTEMBER 2020 JVN ISSUE Several months into the pandemic, we have gained a better understanding of COVID-19. As we continue navigating uncharted territory coupled with healthcare provider shortages, the usage of chatbots has surged. In attempts to provide efficient and effective access to healthcare, ''''DoctorBot'''' streamlines access to health information through a series of interactive conversations simulating human interaction. 3 Doctorbot is a health assistant CI collecting healthcare information, evaluating personal health information, and providing recommendation on health-care including scheduling an office follow up appointment. DoctorBot can assist the patient by understanding and assessing questions and if indicated schedule a follow up appointment with the healthcare provider to address any continued concerns based on the patient response. Virtual visits coupled with DoctorBot provide assistance to patients around the clock at their fingertips.


id: cord-033771-yf5aq2h5
title: Healthcare wearable devices: an analysis of key factors for continuous use intention
author: Lee, Sang M.
date: 2020-10-15
txt: ./txt/cord-033771-yf5aq2h5.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-033771-yf5aq2h5.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7557312/
doi: 10.1007/s11628-020-00428-3
summary:
  This study empirically examined the effects of internal and external factors on actual use behavior, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention of healthcare wearable devices. To achieve the research objectives, this study develops a research model based on the Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Beliefs (KAPB) model, a frequently used method in the development and delivery of health education programs for preventive activities, the UTAUT2 model related to the acceptance of new technologies, and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The final questionnaire is shown in Table 1 and provides measurement items for knowledge, attitude, belief, technological and social factors, actual use behavior, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention. The values of standardized regression weights for knowledge, attitude, belief, technological factors, social factors, actual use behaviors, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention were all greater than .5, indicating all variables proposed by the study were statistically significant at the .05 level.

abstract:
  This study empirically examined the effects of internal and external factors on actual use behavior, health improvement expectancy, and continuous use intention of healthcare wearable devices. The study proposed a research model with its associated hypotheses that were tested using structural equation modeling. We also performed a comparative analysis of the two sample groups (medical personnel and general public), based on data collected from 288 healthcare wearable devices/apps users. The findings of the study indicated that internal and external factors have positive effects on actual use behavior, and health improvement expectancy and continuous use intention of healthcare wearable devices can be promoted through actual use behavior. The comparative analysis of the two groups showed that medical personnel had higher relationships among the study factors than general public. The study results shed theoretical and practical implications regarding how healthcare wearable devices or apps can be effectively used for disease prevention and health management for the users.


id: cord-102542-1mglhh41
title: Chatbots as conversational healthcare services
author: Jovanovi''c, Mladjan
date: 2020-11-08
txt: ./txt/cord-102542-1mglhh41.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-102542-1mglhh41.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.03969v1.pdf
doi: 10.1109/mic.2020.3037151
summary:
  This article takes a closer look at how these emerging chatbots address design aspects relevant to healthcare service provision, emphasizing the Human-AI interaction aspects and the transparency in AI automation and decision making. This paper: • identifies salient service provision archetypes that characterize the emerging roles and functions the chatbots aim to fulfill; • assesses the design choices concerning domainspecific dimensions associated with health service provision and user experience; • provides implications for theory and practice that highlight existing gaps. The archetype does not perform the diagnosis but instead support a diagnosis by either i) facilitating access to health services, such as the Pathology Lab Chatbot facilitating access to doctors and scheduling visits, ii) supporting online consultations with health professionals, such as the iCliniq that pairs up users with doctors for online consultation, and iii) providing conversational access to information regarding symptoms and diseases, such as the WebMD.

abstract:
  Chatbots are emerging as a promising platform for accessing and delivering healthcare services. The evidence is in the growing number of publicly available chatbots aiming at taking an active role in the provision of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment services. This article takes a closer look at how these emerging chatbots address design aspects relevant to healthcare service provision, emphasizing the Human-AI interaction aspects and the transparency in AI automation and decision making.


id: cord-271582-xo2a4wnj
title: Medical ethics in the era of COVID‐19: Now and the future
author: Chew, Christopher
date: 2020-08-05
txt: ./txt/cord-271582-xo2a4wnj.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-271582-xo2a4wnj.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/resp.13927
doi: 10.1111/resp.13927
abstract: nan
summary:
  Instead, as the pandemic ravaged developed nations in the early months of the pandemic, COVID-19 exposed conflicted political leadership, limited vital medical supplies including personal protective equipment (PPE) and under-funded public health system capacity. Similarly, COVID-19 has forced healthcare workers in developed countries to confront moral dilemmas that have received limited attention from policymakers, clinicians and ethicists until now, but are part of daily life for their counterparts in resource-poor nations. Public health ethics has seen renewed relevance, including highly charged debates about the provision of PPE and whether healthcare workers have a ''duty to treat''. One struggle emerging at the clinical coalface is preserving the vital relationship between patients and healthcare providers despite unprecedented change in medical systems and delivery of care. Clinical ethics recommend ations for the allocation of intensive care treatments in exceptional, resource-limited circumstances: the Italian perspective during the COVID-19 epidemic


id: cord-282457-80htwxm0
title: Healthcare Ethics During a Pandemic
author: Iserson, Kenneth V.
date: 2020-04-13
txt: ./txt/cord-282457-80htwxm0.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-282457-80htwxm0.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32302284/
doi: 10.5811/westjem.2020.4.47549
summary:
  In most disasters, and certainly during the current COVID-19 pandemic, frontline healthcare professionals face two key ethical issues: (1) whether to respond despite the risks involved; and (2) how to distribute scarce, lifesaving medical resources. To address one concern, on March 20, 2020, the American Academy of Emergency Medicine issued a position statement saying, in part, that they believe "a physician, nurse, PA, first responder or other healthcare professional has the right to be removed from the schedule of work requiring direct contact with patients potentially infected with COVID-19 for issues of personal health, such as being on immunosuppressive therapy or other similar concerns, without the risk of termination of employment." 15 Rarely discussed, but a key part of maintaining our workforce, is to support the psychosocial needs of the healthcare team.

abstract:
  As clinicians and support personnel struggle with their responsibilities to treat during the current COVID-19 pandemic, several ethical issues have emerged. Will healthcare workers and support staff fulfill their duty to treat in the face of high risks? Will institutional and government leaders at all levels do the right things to help alleviate healthcare workers risks and fears? Will physicians be willing to make hard, resource-allocation decisions if they cannot first husband or improvise alternatives? With our healthcare facilities and governments unprepared for this inevitable disaster, front-line doctors, advanced providers, nurses, EMS, and support personnel struggle with acute shortages of equipment—both to treat patients and protect themselves. With their personal and possibly their family’s lives and health at risk, they must weigh the option of continuing to work or retreat to safety. This decision, made daily, is based on professional and personal values, how they perceive existing risks—including available protective measures, and their perception of the level and transparency of information they receive. Often, while clinicians get this information, support personnel do not, leading to absenteeism and deteriorating healthcare services. Leadership can use good risk communication (complete, widely transmitted, and transparent) to align healthcare workers’ risk perceptions with reality. They also can address the common problems healthcare workers must overcome to continue working (ie, risk mitigation techniques). Physicians, if they cannot sufficiently husband or improvise lifesaving resources, will have to face difficult triage decisions. Ideally, they will use a predetermined plan, probably based on the principles of Utilitarianism (maximizing the greatest good) and derived from professional and community input. Unfortunately, none of these plans is optimal.


id: cord-283413-xapzer5s
title: Social media for rapid knowledge dissemination: early experience from the COVID‐19 pandemic
author: Chan, A. K. M.
date: 2020-03-31
txt: ./txt/cord-283413-xapzer5s.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-283413-xapzer5s.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.15057
doi: 10.1111/anae.15057
summary:
  During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2], while a recent study from Wuhan, China reported that 1716 healthcare workers were infected with COVID-19, representing 3.8% of confirmed cases [3]. During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2] . Known risks of non-peer-reviewed materials disseminated via social medial include the application of context-specific resources to unsuitable situations; engagement with biased knowledge within echo chambers'' (groups consisting of only like-minded individuals) and algorithm-driven filter bubbles that selectively display information based on user preferences [15] ; and insufficient source information available to Box 1 Criteria for the responsible use of social media disseminated information. In the current COVID-19 pandemic, social media has the potential, if responsibly and appropriately used, to provide rapid and effective dissemination routes for key information.

abstract:
  The current COVID-19 pandemic is threatening global health. Rates of infection outside of China are rapidly increasing, with confirmed cases reported in over 160 countries as of 19 March 2020 [1]. During the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) epidemic, 21% of the global cumulative case total were healthcare workers [2], while a recent study from Wuhan, China reported that 1716 healthcare workers were infected with COVID-19, representing 3.8% of confirmed cases [3]. During the SARS epidemic, it is likely that a lack of awareness and preparedness put healthcare workers at risk [4]. Thus, delivering rapid, reliable information that addresses critical infection control issues is of key importance, and tracheal intubation is known to be associated with a high-risk of transmission of viral infections to healthcare workers [5, 6].


id: cord-291222-n8kgsz2e
title: Lack of SARS Transmission among Healthcare Workers, United States
author: Park, Benjamin J.
date: 2004-02-17
txt: ./txt/cord-291222-n8kgsz2e.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-291222-n8kgsz2e.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15030686/
doi: 10.3201/eid1002.030793
summary:
  We conducted an investigation of healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients in the United States to evaluate infection-control practices and possible SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transmission. Due to the importance of healthcare facilities in transmission of SARS worldwide, state and local health departments, together with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), conducted a review of U.S. healthcare workers exposed to patients positive for SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In the United States, potential droplet-and aerosol-generating procedures were infrequent: only one patient required mechanical ventilation, and few healthcare workers reported administering aerosolized medication or performing 1 0 (0) 0 (0) a SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; HCWs, healthcare workers; NA, not available due to incomplete reporting. Unprotected exposures in healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients after full infection-control procedures were initiated (n = 43) a Exposure type n (%) Any unprotected exposure 21 (49) Without eye protection 18 (42) Without N95 or higher respirator 6 (14) Direct contact without gloves 6 (14) a SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome.

abstract:
  Healthcare workers accounted for a large proportion of persons with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the worldwide epidemic of early 2003. We conducted an investigation of healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients in the United States to evaluate infection-control practices and possible SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transmission. We identified 110 healthcare workers with exposure within droplet range (i.e., 3 feet) to six SARS-CoV–positive patients. Forty-five healthcare workers had exposure without any mask use, 72 had exposure without eye protection, and 40 reported direct skin-to-skin contact. Potential droplet- and aerosol-generating procedures were infrequent: 5% of healthcare workers manipulated a patient’s airway, and 4% administered aerosolized medication. Despite numerous unprotected exposures, there was no serologic evidence of healthcare-related SARS-CoV transmission. Lack of transmission in the United States may be related to the relative absence of high-risk procedures or patients, factors that may place healthcare workers at higher risk for infection.


id: cord-299804-2q8r5w2o
author: Mitchell, A.
date: 2015-08-31
txt: ./txt/cord-299804-2q8r5w2o.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-299804-2q8r5w2o.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2015.02.017
doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2015.02.017
summary:
  Summary Healthcare workers (HCWs) wear uniforms, such as scrubs and lab coats, for several reasons: (1) to identify themselves as hospital personnel to their patients and employers; (2) to display professionalism; and (3) to provide barrier protection for street clothes from unexpected exposures during the work shift. The role that active barrier textiles, including antimicrobial and fluid-repellent properties, could play in preventing occupationally acquired and healthcare-associated illnesses and infections among both patients and workers has been researched, and there is now some evidence to support their use as an effective strategy for preventing crosscontamination. This paper provides a summary review of current evidence of the risks around textiles in healthcare settings, and the potential benefits of novel fabrics to prevent transmission of infectious agents to and from HCWs. Experts believe that textiles (i.e. curtains, upholstery, apparel, etc.) play an important role in the acquisition and transmission of pathogens in healthcare.

title:
  Role of healthcare apparel and other healthcare textiles in the transmission of pathogens: a review of the literature

abstract:
  Summary Healthcare workers (HCWs) wear uniforms, such as scrubs and lab coats, for several reasons: (1) to identify themselves as hospital personnel to their patients and employers; (2) to display professionalism; and (3) to provide barrier protection for street clothes from unexpected exposures during the work shift. A growing body of evidence suggests that HCWs' apparel is often contaminated with micro-organisms or pathogens that can cause infections or illnesses. While the majority of scrubs and lab coats are still made of the same traditional textiles used to make street clothes, new evidence suggests that current innovative textiles function as an engineering control, minimizing the acquisition, retention and transmission of infectious pathogens by reducing the levels of bioburden and microbial sustainability. This paper summarizes recent literature on the role of apparel worn in healthcare settings in the acquisition and transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens. It proposes solutions or technological interventions that can reduce the risk of transmission of micro-organisms that are associated with the healthcare environment. Healthcare apparel is the emerging frontier in epidemiologically important environmental surfaces.


id: cord-305104-jk6ai1od
author: Escribese, María M
date: 2020-08-05
txt: ./txt/cord-305104-jk6ai1od.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-305104-jk6ai1od.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14545
doi: 10.1111/all.14545
abstract: nan
summary:
  All rights reserved Cross-sectional pilot study exploring the feasibility of a rapid SARS-CoV-2 immunization test in healthcare and non-healthcare workers To the Editor: We aimed to generate an immune response map to SARS-CoV-2 in a very specific population of a Medical School were both healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers cohabit, and elucidate the main risk factors that can be associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in each population. Additionally, this pilot study provides the knowledge and the positive controls (healthcare workers with positive RT-PCR) for the development of future methodological strategies aiming to set up new immunological tests for herd immunity follow-up (ELISA, neutralization assays, etc.).This will be helpful if we take into account the shortage of commercial kits for SARS-CoV-2 immunological tests during the pandemic, and the limitations of these tests in terms of specificity and sensitivity (5, 6)().

title:
  Cross‐sectional pilot study exploring the feasibility of a rapid SARS‐CoV‐2 immunization test in health and non‐healthcare workers


id: cord-305941-277iqp0u
title: Psychological Resilience of Healthcare Professionals During COVID-19 Pandemic
author: Bozdağ, Faruk
date: 2020-10-13
txt: ./txt/cord-305941-277iqp0u.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-305941-277iqp0u.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294120965477
doi: 10.1177/0033294120965477
summary:
  The findings of this study showed that in order to raise psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic their quality of sleep, positive emotions and life satisfaction need to be enhanced. Accordingly, among the probed individual variables are gender, age, having children or not, taking personal precautions against the risk of becoming infected with the COVID-19 virus, worry about transmitting the virus to family/relatives, quality of nutrition and sleep, positive-negative affective state and life satisfaction, while environmental 4 In model 3, age and occupation (doctor), quality of sleep, positive and negative affect, and life satisfaction significantly predicted the psychological resilience of healthcare professionals. The findings of this study revealed that in order to raise psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic their quality of sleep, positive emotions and life satisfaction need to be enhanced.

abstract:
  The COVID-19 pandemic as a public health issue has spread to the rest of the world. Although the wellbeing and emotional resilience of healthcare professionals are key components of continuing healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals have been observed in this period to experience serious psychological problems and to be at risk in terms of mental health. Therefore, this study aims to probe psychological resilience of healthcare workers. The findings of this study showed that in order to raise psychological resilience of healthcare professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic their quality of sleep, positive emotions and life satisfaction need to be enhanced. Psychological resilience levels of healthcare workers in their later years were found to be higher. Doctors constitute the group with the lowest levels of psychological resilience among healthcare workers. The current study is considered to have contributed to the literature in this regard. Primary needs such as sleep which are determinants of quality of life, life satisfaction and psychological resilience should be met.


id: cord-313384-v4g6dq6p
title: Desirability Optimization Models to Create the Global Healthcare Competitiveness Index
author: Dönmez, Nergis Feride Kaplan
date: 2020-06-24
txt: ./txt/cord-313384-v4g6dq6p.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-313384-v4g6dq6p.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04718-w
doi: 10.1007/s13369-020-04718-w
summary:
  The aim of this research is to enhance desirability optimization models to create a global healthcare competitiveness index (GHCI) covering 53 countries with gross domestic product per capita (GDP PC) of over $10,000. The optimum and feasible values of the factors considered influential on objective functions have been determined as the basis of healthcare expenditure (HE) and GHCI in those relevant countries. The problem statement which is an optimization model with the help of statistical analysis was developed to create GHCI to measure the structural and economic status of healthcare of considered countries in this research. Finally, after calculating GHCI optimization values not included in the flowchart, an index was created to list the healthcare systems of the countries considered in this study. The desirability equations obtained as a result of statistical analysis and the GHCI values belonging to the countries were calculated to construct the optimization models.

abstract:
  The aim of this research is to enhance desirability optimization models to create a global healthcare competitiveness index (GHCI) covering 53 countries with gross domestic product per capita (GDP PC) of over $10,000. The GHCI is defined as an index that reveals the progress and quality of the healthcare systems in countries providing their patients with easier access opportunities to healthcare services within the scope of this work. Methods of statistical analysis have been adopted together with optimization models and techniques in this research. The optimum and feasible values of the factors considered influential on objective functions have been determined as the basis of healthcare expenditure (HE) and GHCI in those relevant countries. Those released optimum outcomes are displayed between 0.64 and 0.66 in terms of desirability value. The GHCI values of those aforementioned countries range from 0 to 6. The computed average of the GHCI values of those countries is estimated as 2.4758. Finally, GHCI values of 53 countries have been calculated to set the current basis of desirability optimization models. These findings will be deemed as the basic essence of those prospective theories to be established for the future researches to constitute a new index to measure the competitiveness of healthcare systems in various countries all over the world.


id: cord-314720-pzq9muce
title: Healthcare virtualization amid COVID-19 pandemic: an emerging new normal
author: Kaliya-Perumal, Arun-Kumar
date: 2020-06-12
txt: ./txt/cord-314720-pzq9muce.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-314720-pzq9muce.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32529948/
doi: 10.1080/10872981.2020.1780058
abstract: nan
summary:
  Now that patient visits to hospitals must be restricted due to the pandemic situation, patients have started to adopt virtual healthcare technologies, especially telehealth platforms as a first line option to seek clinical care and healthcare providers are using this to perform a virtual triage using dialogue and questionnaires to shortlist who needs to be examined in person. Health care providers need to be familiar with the technology and receive orientation prior to adopting telehealth platforms; in addition, ''health professionals have to comply with existing legislation, associated regulations, and the medical ethical guidelines adopted and followed in their country'' [3] . On the other hand, patients opting for virtual healthcare, especially for telehealth consultations need to be educated and reliable, as the information they provide is vital for making decisions. With more and more institutions adopting virtual healthcare, it is impending to become the new normal after this pandemic palliates [5] .


id: cord-318063-bainw3d6
title: Health care-associated infections – an overview
author: Haque, Mainul
date: 2018-11-15
txt: ./txt/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30532565/
doi: 10.2147/idr.s177247
summary:
  Several studies suggest that simple infection-control procedures such as cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub can help prevent HCAIs and save lives, reduce morbidity, and minimize health care costs. Health care-associated infections and prevention strategy About 68.6% of all bacterial isolates were resistant to cefuroxime used in the management of orthopedic SSIs. This study also found that diabetes mellitus, smoking, operations lasting more than 3 hours, the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a history of previous surgery were positive risk factors associated with a significant upsurge in SSIs. 87 SSIs comprise at least 14%-22.2% of all HCAIs for abdominal surgery [88] [89] [90] and often lead to extended hospitalization and higher antimicrobial costs. Prevalence, incidence burden, and clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance: a national prevalent cohort study in acute care hospitals in Greece

abstract:
  Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) are infections that occur while receiving health care, developed in a hospital or other health care facility that first appear 48 hours or more after hospital admission, or within 30 days after having received health care. Multiple studies indicate that the common types of adverse events affecting hospitalized patients are adverse drug events, HCAIs, and surgical complications. The US Center for Disease Control and Prevention identifies that nearly 1.7 million hospitalized patients annually acquire HCAIs while being treated for other health issues and that more than 98,000 patients (one in 17) die due to these. Several studies suggest that simple infection-control procedures such as cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub can help prevent HCAIs and save lives, reduce morbidity, and minimize health care costs. Routine educational interventions for health care professionals can help change their hand-washing practices to prevent the spread of infection. In support of this, the WHO has produced guidelines to promote hand-washing practices among member countries.


id: cord-319828-9ru9lh0c
author: Shi, Shuyun
date: 2020-07-15
txt: ./txt/cord-319828-9ru9lh0c.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-319828-9ru9lh0c.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32834254/
doi: 10.1016/j.cose.2020.101966
summary:
  The potential benefits associated with EHR systems (e.g. public healthcare management, online patient access, and patients medical data sharing) have also attracted the interest of the research community [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] . In theory, EHR systems should ensure the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the stored data, and data can be shared securely among authorized users (e.g. medical practitioners with the right need to access particular patient''s data to facilitate diagno-70 sis). 2. all of data will be exposed once the corresponding symmetric key is lost Table 2 : systems requirements that have been met in Table 1 paper security privacy anonymity integrity authentication controllability auditability accountability [48] designed a system that integrates smart contract with IPFS to improve decentralized cloud storage and controlled data sharing for better user access management. Secure and efficient data accessibility in blockchain based healthcare systems

title:
  Applications of Blockchain in Ensuring the Security and Privacy of Electronic Health Record Systems: A Survey

abstract:
  Due to the popularity of blockchain, there have been many proposed applications of blockchain in the healthcare sector, such as electronic health record (EHR) systems. Therefore, in this paper we perform a systematic literature review of blockchain approaches designed for EHR systems, focusing only on the security and privacy aspects. As part of the review, we introduce relevant background knowledge relating to both EHR systems and blockchain, prior to investigating the (potential) applications of blockchain in EHR systems. We also identify a number of research challenges and opportunities.


id: cord-321098-j3glby40
author: Bodrud-Doza, Md.
date: 2020-06-26
txt: ./txt/cord-321098-j3glby40.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-321098-j3glby40.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32676492/
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00341
summary:
  Background: The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the partial lockdown, the disease intensity, weak governance in the healthcare system, insufficient medical facilities, unawareness, and the sharing of misinformation in the mass media has led to people experiencing fear and anxiety. To understand the possible psychosocial, socio-economic, and environmental impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh, we considered and identified several relevant and possible items based on the socio-economic situation, political analysis, the existing healthcare system, environmental analysis, possible emerging issues utilized from scenario developments, analysis of local and global reports of the COVID-19 pandemic from the print and electronic media, and a literature review. The socioeconomic issues (SEI 10) and immediate emerging issues (IEI2) have a statistically significant positive impact (p < 0.01), e.g., obstruction to the formal education system, and the potentiality of a huge number of people becoming infected may contribute to the fear development of the COVID-19 outbreak in this country.

title:
  Psychosocial and Socio-Economic Crisis in Bangladesh Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perception-Based Assessment

abstract:
  Background: The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, the partial lockdown, the disease intensity, weak governance in the healthcare system, insufficient medical facilities, unawareness, and the sharing of misinformation in the mass media has led to people experiencing fear and anxiety. The present study intended to conduct a perception-based analysis to get an idea of people's psychosocial and socio-economic crisis, and the possible environmental crisis, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Methods: A perception-based questionnaire was put online for Bangladeshi citizens of 18 years and/or older. The sample size was 1,066 respondents. Datasets were analyzed through a set of statistical techniques including principal component and hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: There was a positive significant association between fear of the COVID-19 outbreak with the struggling healthcare system (p < 0.05) of the country. Also, there was a negative association between the fragile health system of Bangladesh and the government's ability to deal with the pandemic (p < 0.05), revealing the poor governance in the healthcare system. A positive association of shutdown and social distancing with the fear of losing one's own or a family members' life, influenced by a lack of healthcare treatment (p < 0.05), reveals that, due to the decision of shutting down normal activities, people may be experiencing mental and economic stress. However, a positive association of the socio-economic impact of the shutdown with poor people's suffering, the price hike of basic essentials, the hindering of formal education (p < 0.05), and the possibility of a severe socio-economic and health crisis will be aggravated. Moreover, there is a possibility of a climate change-induced disaster and infectious diseases like dengue during/after the COVID-19 situation, which will create severe food insecurity (p < 0.01) and a further healthcare crisis. Conclusions: The partial lockdown in Bangladesh due to the COVID-19 pandemic increased community transmission and worsened the healthcare crisis, economic burden, and loss of GDP despite the resuming of industrial operations. In society, it has created psychosocial and socio-economic insecurity among people due to the loss of lives and livelihoods. The government should take proper inclusive steps for risk assessment, communications, and financial stimulus toward the public to alleviate their fear and anxiety, and to take proper action to boost mental health and well-being.


id: cord-323482-kk8iyavj
author: Muller, Researcher Ashley Elizabeth
date: 2020-09-01
txt: ./txt/cord-323482-kk8iyavj.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-323482-kk8iyavj.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441
doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441
summary:
  We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on HCWs (healthcare workers). Our main aim was to perform an updated and more comprehensive rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, including a) changes over time, b) prevalence of mental health problems and risk/resilience factors, c) strategies and resources used by healthcare providers to protect their own mental health, d) perceived need and preferences for interventions, and e) healthcare workers'' understandings of their own mental health during the pandemic. show the distribution of anxiety, depression, distress, and sleeping problems among the healthcare workers investigated in the 29 studies, using the authors'' own methods of assessing these outcomes The most commonly reported protective factor associated with reduced risk of mental health problems was having social support 48 ,58 ,69 ,74 .

title:
  The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review

abstract:
  The covid-19 pandemic has heavily burdened healthcare systems throughout the world. We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on HCWs (healthcare workers). We utilized the Norwegian Institute of Public Health's Live map of covid-19 evidence on 11 May and included 59 studies. Six reported on implementing interventions, but none reported on effects of the interventions. HCWs reported low interest in professional help, and greater reliance on social support and contact. Exposure to covid-19 was the most commonly reported correlate of mental health problems, followed by female gender, and worry about infection or about infecting others. Social support correlated with less mental health problems. HCWs reported anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic. We assessed the certainty of the estimates of prevalence of these symptoms as very low using GRADE. Most studies did not report comparative data on mental health symptoms before the pandemic or in the general population. There seems to be a mismatch between risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes among HCWs in the current pandemic, their needs and preferences, and the individual psychopathology focus of current interventions.


id: cord-323489-ro7kbnu3
title: Protection of nephrology health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic
author: Arenas, María Dolores
date: 2020-10-06
txt: ./txt/cord-323489-ro7kbnu3.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-323489-ro7kbnu3.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S2013251420301061
doi: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2020.06.018
summary:
  There are a number of reasons why the protection of healthcare professionals has to be one of the main objectives in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: 1) They are necessary to guarantee the continuity of care; 2) They have a high risk of contagion due to their front-line exposure to infected patients; and 3) They may act as transmission vehicles in their day-to-day work to patients, other colleagues, and members of their families and the community. a Special care or protective measures for medical, nursing and auxiliary staff who work daily with haemodialysis patients As has previously been described in other publications 3,10 , the main protection measures for healthcare professionals and patients in haemodialysis units are: 1) adequate information for patients attending the centre in terms of maintaining a safe distance from fellow patients in waiting rooms and ambulances, and in the use of surgical masks and frequent hand washing; 2) early detection of patients suspected to be infected on arrival at the unit (questionnaires about symptoms or close contacts, taking temperature), and if highly suspect, taking a nasopharyngeal swab for PCR testing.

abstract:
  The COVID-19 epidemic represents a special risk for kidney patients due to their comorbidities and advanced age, and the need for hemodialysis treatment in group rooms. It also represents a risk for professionals responsible for their attention. This manuscript contains a proposal for action to prevent infection of professionals in the Nephrology Services, one of the most valuable assets at the present time.


id: cord-323696-0lq8ql6n
title: Reflections on the COVID-19 Pandemic in the USA: Will We Better Prepared Next Time?
author: Bearman, Gonzalo
date: 2020-05-20
txt: ./txt/cord-323696-0lq8ql6n.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-323696-0lq8ql6n.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.059
doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.059
summary:
  We reflect on the US and the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies. We reflect on the US and the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies. These include the US healthcare delivery model, the defunding of public health, a scarcity of infectious diseases physicians, the market failure of vaccines and anti-infectives and the concept of American exceptionalism. These include the US healthcare delivery model, the defunding of public health, a scarcity of infectious diseases physicians, the market failure of vaccines and anti-infectives and the concept of American exceptionalism. 1 We reflect on the US and its response to the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies.

abstract:
  Abstract The United States (US) spends more on healthcare than any other country with little evidence of better, or even comparable, outcomes. We reflect on the US and the COVID-19 pandemic and focus on cultural, economic and structural barriers that threaten both current and future responses to infectious diseases emergencies. These include the US healthcare delivery model, the defunding of public health, a scarcity of infectious diseases physicians, the market failure of vaccines and anti-infectives and the concept of American exceptionalism. Without institutionalizing the lessons learned, the US will be positioned to repeat the missteps of COVID-19 with the next pandemic.


id: cord-327300-dvlb61tw
author: Abu, Thelma Zulfawu
date: 2020-08-08
txt: ./txt/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-327300-dvlb61tw.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32784498/
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165746
summary:
  The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of HCF in Sub-Saharan Africa have basic access to water and sanitation, respectively. Therefore, this paper reviews the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant global and country-level institutional documents (policies, legislations, guides, plans and monitoring tools) using Kenya as a case study. Guided by the political ecology of health theory this paper explored the framing of WaSH in healthcare facilities in relevant policies, guidelines, legislation, plans, monitoring and evaluation documents at the global and national context using Kenya as a case study.

title:
  When It Is Not Measured, How Then Will It Be Planned for? WaSH a Critical Indicator for Universal Health Coverage in Kenya

abstract:
  The quality and safety of healthcare facility (HCF) services are critical to achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and yet the WHO/UNICEF joint monitoring program for water supply, sanitation and hygiene report indicates that only 51% and 23% of HCF in Sub-Saharan Africa have basic access to water and sanitation, respectively. Global commitments on improving access to water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management and environmental cleaning (WaSH) in HCF as part of implementing UHC have surged since 2015. Guided by political ecology of health theory, we explored the country level commitment to ensuring access to WaSH in HCFs as part of piloting UHC in Kisumu, Kenya. Through content analysis, 17 relevant policy documents were systematically reviewed using NVIVO. None of the national documents mentioned all the component of WaSH in healthcare facilities. Furthermore, these WaSH components are not measured as part of the universal health coverage pilot. Comprehensively incorporating WaSH measurement and monitoring in HCFs in the context of UHC policies creates a foundation for achieving SDG 6.


id: cord-328873-yheimxhu
title: COVID-19: Mitigation or suppression?
author: Kassem, Abdel Meguid
date: 2020-04-21
txt: ./txt/cord-328873-yheimxhu.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-328873-yheimxhu.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32331618/
doi: 10.1016/j.ajg.2020.04.010
abstract: nan
summary:
  Suddenly healthcare providers are overwhelmed with problems of diagnosing and screening a virus, managing a disease which has a spectrum that ends in ARDS and death and preventing the spread of infection with still no vaccine available. In their report, using a transmission model founded on an individual-based simulation model for pandemic influenza, the authors investigated the effects of 2 intervention strategies in a UK and a USA context: 1 -Mitigation strategy with the aim of slowing down transmission but not necessarily stopping epidemic spread (reproduction number R not necessarily <1) with protection of more vulnerable groups and reducing the peak healthcare demand, 2 -Suppression strategy in which epidemic spread is reversed to reproduction number (R) <1. The authors concluded that the mitigation strategy, although associated with a herd immunity would result in overwhelming the healthcare system in both the UK and the USA and that it will never be able to completely protect those at risk from severe disease or death and the resulting mortality would therefore still be high.


id: cord-330737-6khv4kbj
title: Contributing factors to personal protective equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic
author: Cohen, Jennifer
date: 2020-10-02
txt: ./txt/cord-330737-6khv4kbj.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-330737-6khv4kbj.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33017601/
doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106263
summary:
  Problems from a dysfunctional costing model in hospital operating systems were magnified by a very large demand shock triggered by acute need in healthcare and panicked marketplace behavior that depleted domestic PPE inventories. Removing the profit motive for purchasing PPE in hospital costing models and pursuing strategic industrial policy to reduce the US dependence on imported PPE will both help to better protect healthcare workers with adequate supplies of PPE. Since early 2020 the US has experienced a severe shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) needed by healthcare workers fighting the COVID-19 pandemic (Emanuel et al., 2020; Livingston, Desai, & Berkwits, 2020) . We now turn to our analysis of PPE shortages, which identifies on four contributing factors: the way that hospitals budget for PPE, domestic demand shocks, federal government failures, and disruptions to the global supply chain (Figure 2 ).

abstract:
  This study investigates the forces that contributed to severe shortages in personal protective equipment in the US during the COVID-19 crisis. Problems from a dysfunctional costing model in hospital operating systems were magnified by a very large demand shock triggered by acute need in healthcare and panicked marketplace behavior that depleted domestic PPE inventories. The lack of appropriate action on the part of the federal government to maintain and distribute domestic inventories, as well as severe disruptions to the PPE global supply chain, amplified the problem. Analysis of trade data shows that the US is the world's largest importer of face masks, eye protection, and medical gloves, making it highly vulnerable to disruptions in exports of medical supplies. We conclude that market prices are not appropriate mechanisms for rationing inputs to health because health is a public good. Removing the profit motive for purchasing PPE in hospital costing models and pursuing strategic industrial policy to reduce the US dependence on imported PPE will both help to better protect healthcare workers with adequate supplies of PPE.


id: cord-330814-7incf20e
title: COVID-19 Pandemic: Knowledge and Perceptions of the Public and Healthcare Professionals
author: Parikh, Priyanka A
date: 2020-05-15
txt: ./txt/cord-330814-7incf20e.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-330814-7incf20e.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32550063/
doi: 10.7759/cureus.8144
summary:
  Background and objective The recent pandemic due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major concern for the people and governments across the world due to its impact on individuals as well as on public health. Conclusion Most healthcare professionals and the general public that we surveyed were well informed about SARS-CoV-2 and have been taking adequate measures in preventing the spread of the same. Social media platforms arguably support the conditions necessary for attitude change by exposing individuals to correct, accurate, health-promoting messages from healthcare professionals In order to investigate community responses to SARS-CoV-2, we conducted this online survey among the general public and healthcare professionals to identify awareness of SARS-CoV-2 (perceived burden and risk), trusted sources of information, awareness of preventative measures and support for governmental policies and trust in authority to handle SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and put forward policy recommendations in case of similar future conditions.

abstract:
  Background and objective The recent pandemic due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major concern for the people and governments across the world due to its impact on individuals as well as on public health. The infectiousness and the quick spread across the world make it an important event in everyone’s life, often evoking fear. Our study aims at assessing the overall knowledge and perceptions, and identifying the trusted sources of information for both the general public and healthcare personnel. Materials and methods This is a questionnaire-based survey taken by a total of 1,246 respondents, out of which 744 belonged to the healthcare personnel and 502 were laypersons/general public. There were two different questionnaires for both groups. The questions were framed using information from the World Health Organization (WHO), UpToDate, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Center for Disease Control (CDC), National Institute of Health (NIH), and New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) website resources. The questions assessed awareness, attitude, and possible practices towards ensuring safety for themselves as well as breaking the chain of transmission. A convenient sampling method was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics [mean(SD), frequency(%)] were used to portray the characteristics of the participants as well as their awareness, sources of information, attitudes, and practices related to SARS-CoV-2. Results The majority (94.3%) of the respondents were Indians. About 80% of the healthcare professionals and 82% of the general public were worried about being infected. Various websites such as ICMR, WHO, CDC, etc., were a major source of information for the healthcare professional while the general public relied on television. Almost 98% of healthcare professionals and 97% of the general public, respectively, identified ‘Difficulty in breathing” as the main symptom. More than 90% of the respondents in both groups knew and practiced different precautionary measures. A minority of the respondents (28.9% of healthcare professionals and 26.5% of the general public) knew that there was no known cure yet. Almost all respondents from both the groups agreed on seeking medical help if breathing difficulty is involved and self-quarantine if required. Conclusion Most healthcare professionals and the general public that we surveyed were well informed about SARS-CoV-2 and have been taking adequate measures in preventing the spread of the same. There is a high trust of the public in the government. There are common trusted sources of information and these need to be optimally utilized to spread accurate information.


id: cord-330966-98sygj8n
author: Barello, Serena
date: 2020-06-24
txt: ./txt/cord-330966-98sygj8n.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-330966-98sygj8n.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32631648/
doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.06.027
abstract: nan
summary:
  title: Empathic communication as a "Risky Strength" for Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Case of Frontline Italian Healthcare Workers In the face of this unpredictable disease and its related safety risks, healthcare providers feared infection and worried about their loved ones, but they still joined the institutional call to give their professional contribution to contain the epidemic and showed a limitless spirit of empathy. They were invited to fill an online questionnaire includingin addition to information on demographic and professionals aspects -the following items: self-report items designed to assess healthcare professionals'' empathic attitude in terms of their perspective taking ability (e.g. item: A health care professional who is able to view things from another person''s perspective can provide patients'' with better care) and a list of psychosomatic symptoms adapted from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire [7] Table 1 describes more in details the sample characteristics. Caring for Health Professionals in the COVID-19 Pandemic Emergency : Toward an " Epidemic of Empathy " in Healthcare

title:
  Empathic communication as a “Risky Strength” for Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the Case of Frontline Italian Healthcare Workers


id: cord-333509-dnuakd6h
author: Chan, Hui Yun
date: 2020-10-17
txt: ./txt/cord-333509-dnuakd6h.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-333509-dnuakd6h.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10991-020-09270-z
doi: 10.1007/s10991-020-09270-z
summary:
  Recent developments have witnessed strong responses from the public and healthcare workers, ranging from pursuing legal actions against the government or their employers (hospitals) for breaching their obligations of care towards employees to calling for a full public inquiry into pandemic management, including the status of the PPE stockpile. PPE under the Regulations means "all equip-ment…intended to be worn or held by a person at work and which protects the person against one or more risks to that person''s health or safety, and any addition or accessory designed to meet that objective." 29 Consequently, PPE in the hospital context is broad enough to include all equipment that protect healthcare workers from infectious particles arising from aerosol generating procedures, ventilators, respirators or testing facilities with high concentrations of droplets or airborne diseases. Imposing the duty to provide PPE is therefore central in ensuring healthcare workers are protected from the risks of infection and to realise the aim of delivering patient-centred care to the public.

title:
  Hospitals’ Liabilities in Times of Pandemic: Recalibrating the Legal Obligation to Provide Personal Protective Equipment to Healthcare Workers

abstract:
  The Covid-19 pandemic has precipitated the global race for essential personal protective equipment in delivering critical patient care. This has created a dearth of personal protective equipment availability in some countries, which posed particular harm to frontline healthcare workers’ health and safety, with undesirable consequences to public health. Substantial discussions have been devoted to the imperative of providing adequate personal protective equipment to frontline healthcare workers. The specific legal obligations of hospitals towards healthcare workers in the pandemic context have so far escaped important scrutiny. This paper endeavours to examine this overlooked aspect in the light of legal actions brought by frontline healthcare workers against their employers arising from a shortage of personal protective equipment. By analysing the potential legal liabilities of hospitals, the paper sheds light on the interlinked attributes and factors in understanding hospitals’ obligations towards healthcare workers and how such duty can be justifiably recalibrated in times of pandemic.


id: cord-338730-49ai51ah
author: Baashar, Yahia
date: 2020-08-31
txt: ./txt/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548919304593
doi: 10.1016/j.csi.2020.103442
summary:
  Analysis and evaluation of 19 carefully selected studies revealed three main research categories: (i) social CRM ''eCRM''; (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS; with positive outcomes for CRM both in terms of patients relationship/communication with hospital, satisfaction, medical treatment/outcomes and empowerment and hospitals medical operation, productivity, cost, performance, efficiency and service quality. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were: presenting an empirical and conceptual evidence; directly relevant to CRM in healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics and medical centres); papers that are conducted in developing countries; published from 2000 to present; and published in peer-reviewed journals. To synthesise the data as accurately and in an unbiased manner as possible, we performed a narrative synthesis review for effectiveness [65] of diverse study characteristics, which allowed us to categorise and identify three main CRM research categories that were relevant to healthcare settings: (i) e-CRM (Web-based CRM); (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS.

title:
  Customer relationship management systems (CRMS) in the healthcare environment: A systematic literature review

abstract:
  Abstract Customer relationship management (CRM) is an innovative technology that seeks to improve customer satisfaction, loyalty, and profitability by acquiring, developing, and maintaining effective customer relationships and interactions with stakeholders. Numerous researches on CRM have made significant progress in several areas such as telecommunications, banking, and manufacturing, but research specific to the healthcare environment is very limited. This systematic review aims to categorise, summarise, synthesise, and appraise the research on CRM in the healthcare environment, considering the absence of coherent and comprehensive scholarship of disparate data on CRM. Various databases were used to conduct a comprehensive search of studies that examine CRM in the healthcare environment (including hospitals, clinics, medical centres, and nursing homes). Analysis and evaluation of 19 carefully selected studies revealed three main research categories: (i) social CRM ‘eCRM’; (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS; with positive outcomes for CRM both in terms of patients relationship/communication with hospital, satisfaction, medical treatment/outcomes and empowerment and hospitals medical operation, productivity, cost, performance, efficiency and service quality. This is the first systematic review to comprehensively synthesise and summarise empirical evidence from disparate CRM research data (quantitative, qualitative, and mixed) in the healthcare environment. Our results revealed that substantial gaps exist in the knowledge of using CRM in the healthcare environment. Future research should focus on exploring: (i) other potential factors, such as patient characteristics, culture (of both the patient and hospital), knowledge management, trust, security, and privacy for implementing and adopting CRMS and (ii) other CRM categories, such as mobile CRM (mCRM) and data mining CRM.


id: cord-340427-kirtoaf2
author: Misztal-Okońska, Patrycja
date: 2020-07-09
txt: ./txt/cord-340427-kirtoaf2.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-340427-kirtoaf2.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32659897/
doi: 10.3390/healthcare8030202
summary:
  We evaluated the perceptions of students and graduates in public health studies at the Medical University of Lublin, Poland, concerning their preparation and management skills for crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions of students and graduates in public health studies at the Medical University of Lublin, Poland, concerning their preparation and management skills for crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The standard of the Polish medical training in 2019 may raise some concerns about the preparation of future medical staff in management of mass casualties resulting from major incidents and disasters, as well as an overwhelming amount of sick patients that can stress a healthcare system due to a pandemic. However, it was a pilot study that revealed gaps in training and education related to crisis and disaster management in the public health studies curriculum, one that is preparing students to manage and lead healthcare organizations.

title:
  How Medical Studies in Poland Prepare Future Healthcare Managers for Crises and Disasters: Results of a Pilot Study

abstract:
  In the event of a crisis, rapid and effective assistance for victims is essential, and in many cases, medical assistance is required. To manage the situation efficiently, it is necessary to have a proactive management system in place that ensures professional assistance to victims and the safety of medical personnel. We evaluated the perceptions of students and graduates in public health studies at the Medical University of Lublin, Poland, concerning their preparation and management skills for crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This pilot study was conducted in March 2020; we employed an online survey with an anonymous questionnaire that was addressed to students and graduates with an educational focus in healthcare organization and management. The study involved 55 people, including 14 men and 41 women. Among the respondents, 41.8% currently worked in a healthcare facility and only 21.7% of them had participated in training related to preparation for emergencies and disasters in their current workplace. The respondents rated their workplaces’ preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic at four points. A significant number of respondents stated that if they had to manage a public health emergency, they would not be able to manage the situation correctly and not be able to predict its development. Managers of healthcare organizations should have the knowledge and skills to manage crises. It would be advisable for them to have been formally educated in public health or healthcare administration. In every healthcare facility, it is essential that training and practice of performing medical procedures in full personal protective equipment (PPE) be provided. Healthcare facilities must implement regular training combined with practical live scenario exercises to prepare for future crises.


id: cord-344435-rweyarop
author: Rodriguez‐Wallberg, Kenny A.
date: 2020-04-08
txt: ./txt/cord-344435-rweyarop.txt
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mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32270485/
doi: 10.1111/aogs.13851
abstract: nan
summary:
  key: cord-344435-rweyarop authors: Rodriguez‐Wallberg, Kenny A.; Wikander, Ida title: A global recommendation for restrictive provision of fertility treatments during the COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-04-08 journal: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13851 sha: doc_id: 344435 cord_uid: rweyarop nan At this moment, the healthcare services of many countries are becoming overloaded, and several countries have also implemented laws to limit people''s movements as well as enforcing quarantines. Healthcare personnel are being reallocated to be able to provide healthcare for individuals affected by the pandemic. We are in an emergency situation that is new for us and that is obviously not a safe situation. We hope that the temporarily suspended fertility treatments can be resumed shortly and will be performed under safe conditions in the best interests of our patients who are dealing with infertility. ESHRE statement on pregnancy and conception Novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy: What clinical recommendations to follow? Updated Statement of the COVID-19 FSA Response Committee

title:
  A global recommendation for restrictive provision of fertility treatments during the COVID‐19 pandemic


id: cord-344729-sjjedgws
author: Bhaskar, Sonu
date: 2020-05-29
txt: ./txt/cord-344729-sjjedgws.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-344729-sjjedgws.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00579
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00579
summary:
  The management of acute neurological conditions, particularly acute ischemic stroke, in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is of importance, considering the risk of infection to the healthcare workers and patients and emerging evidence of the neuroinvasive potential of the virus. Management of patients with acute ischemic stroke during COVID-19 pandemic could be challenging and certain precautions must be taken in order to protect healthcare workers, particularly in the delivery of endovascular treatment, where aerosol could be produced during the procedures, to prevent further vector transmission (9) . Notably, these guidelines concur with the "Consensus Statement from Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology & Critical Care" about "Anesthetic Management of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke During COVID-19 Pandemic (9), " in that general anesthesia should be used if there are concerns surrounding the need for mid-procedural conversion and intubation which could be very detrimental and could expose the whole team, a scenario that should be avoided at all cost.

title:
  Acute Neurological Care in the COVID-19 Era: The Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium Pathway

abstract:
  The management of acute neurological conditions, particularly acute ischemic stroke, in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is of importance, considering the risk of infection to the healthcare workers and patients and emerging evidence of the neuroinvasive potential of the virus. There are variations in expert guidelines further complicating the picture for clinicians in acute settings. In this light, there is a compelling need for further formulation of recommendations that compile these variations seen in the numerous guidelines present. Health system protocols for managing ongoing acute neurological care and intervention need consideration of safety and well-being of the frontline healthcare workers and the patients. We examine existing pathways and their efficacy to mitigate viral exposure to the healthcare workers and patients and synthesize a systemic approach to manage patients with acute neurological conditions in the COVID-19 scenario. Early experiences with a COVID-19 positive stroke patient treated with endovascular thrombectomy is presented to highlight the urgent need for adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) during acute neuro-interventional procedures.


id: cord-346358-ffqewqdc
title: Impact of Trust and Privacy Concerns on Technology Acceptance in Healthcare: An Indian Perspective
author: Dhaggara, Devendra
date: 2020-05-11
txt: ./txt/cord-346358-ffqewqdc.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-346358-ffqewqdc.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386505620302276?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104164
summary:
  This paper augments the technology acceptance model (TAM) by empirically investigating the influence of behavioral traits (privacy concerns and trust) and cognitive beliefs (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) on patients'' behavioral intention to accept technology in healthcare service delivery. However, a detailed J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f empirical study aimed at examination of nuances pertaining to technology adoption by patients in relation to privacy and trust in healthcare, particularly from a patient centric viewpoint (as opposed to service provider centric perspective) is a key contribution of our research. To this end, this empirical study focuses on patients receiving treatment in primary health centers (PHCs) in New Delhi, India is aimed at answering the following research In order to answer these questions, based on a comprehensive review of extant literature, we propose extending TAM by integrating two latent behavioural variables, i.e., trust and privacy concern.

abstract:
  This paper augments the technology acceptance model (TAM) by empirically investigating the influence of behavioral traits (privacy concerns and trust) and cognitive beliefs (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use) on patients’ behavioral intention to accept technology in healthcare service delivery. Despite increased emphasis on healthcare service delivery, there has been limited studies as to how various behavioral constructs are related to adoption of new technology in healthcare sector. To this end, and to develop meaningful insights, a conceptual model integrating behavioral constructs with constructs related to technology acceptance model is devised. The aim here is essentially to understand relationships that predict patients’ acceptance of technology in healthcare services. The devised model is tested on responses obtained from survey of 416 patients availing healthcare service at various primary health centers in New Delhi, India. Structural equation modeling (SEM) is employed to conceptualize the model and validate nine hypotheses entailing key constructs. The results indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust and privacy concern are direct predictors of patients’ behavior to accept technology in availing healthcare services. In summary, this research provides an empirical contribution to the literature on effect of trust and privacy concerns on acceptance of technology in healthcare.


id: cord-346606-bsvlr3fk
title: The role of 5G for digital healthcare against COVID-19 pandemic: Opportunities and challenges
author: Siriwardhana, Yushan
date: 2020-11-04
txt: ./txt/cord-346606-bsvlr3fk.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-346606-bsvlr3fk.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S2405959520304744
doi: 10.1016/j.icte.2020.10.002
summary:
  The novel ICT technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) [2] , Artificial Intelligence (AI) [3] , Big Data, 5G communications, cloud computing and blockchain [4] can play a vital role to facilitate the environment fostering protection and improvement of people and economies. These 5G technologies will enable ubiquitous digital health services combating COVID-19, described in the following section as 5G based healthcare use cases. Other applications would perform regular health monitoring of patients such as followup visits, provide instructions on medical services, and spread knowledge on present COVID-19 situation and upto date precautions. To address the issues in healthcare related supply chains, industries can adopt smart manufacturing techniques equipped with IoT sensor networks, automated production lines which dynamically adapt to the variations in demand, and sophisticated monitoring systems. Hence, solutions developed using 5G technologies serve various health related use cases such as telehealth, supply chain management, self-isolation and contact tracing, and rapid health services deployments.

abstract:
  COVID-19 pandemic caused a massive impact on healthcare, social life, and economies on a global scale. Apparently, technology has a vital role to enable ubiquitous and accessible digital health services in pandemic conditions as well as against “re-emergence” of COVID-19 disease in a post-pandemic era. Accordingly, 5G systems and 5G-enabled e-health solutions are paramount. This paper highlights methodologies to effectively utilize 5G for e-health use cases and its role to enable relevant digital services. It also provides a comprehensive discussion of the implementation issues, possible remedies and future research directions for 5G to alleviate the health challenges related to COVID-19.


id: cord-347185-ttf8oigk
title: Editorial - Covid-19
author: Hart, Andrew
date: 2020-05-20
txt: ./txt/cord-347185-ttf8oigk.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-347185-ttf8oigk.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2020.04.002
doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.04.002
abstract: nan
summary:
  Supportive care needs exceed any previous healthcare challenge, while public health measures are reliant on the blunt tools of isolation and travel restriction which have an economic impact on a scale not contemplated for generations (e.g. predicted 35% fall in U.K. GDPunemployment reaching 10%; 4 10% contraction in the Eurozone economy, 42% fall in global oil price, 44% contraction in air & travel). When healthcare colleagues are being placed at risk of severe disease or death through patient contact (particularly in the face of limited protective equipment or training), we must all support social measures to minimise case numbers -virtual clinical care systems should be used to enable patients not to travel. We may see a retrenchment of healthcare funding away from the trauma and oncological care (including complex reconstruction) that benefits the individual, towards population level interventions in public health and infectious diseases.


id: cord-347605-6db4gwhk
title: Violence Against Healthcare Workers: A Worldwide Phenomenon With Serious Consequences
author: Vento, Sandro
date: 2020-09-18
txt: ./txt/cord-347605-6db4gwhk.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-347605-6db4gwhk.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33072706/
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.570459
abstract: nan
summary:
  Verbal and physical violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) have reached considerable levels worldwide, and the World Medical Association has most recently defined violence against health personnel "an international emergency that undermines the very foundations of health systems and impacts critically on patient''s health" (1) . Two systematic reviews and meta-analyses published at the end of 2019 found a high prevalence of workplace violence by patients and visitors against nurses and physicians (2) , and show that occupational violence against HCWs in dental healthcare centers is not uncommon (3) . The recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses and the World Health Organization condemnation of the attacks against HCWs treating patients with COVID-19 have confirmed the seriousness of the situation regarding violence against doctors and nurses worldwide. Working in remote health care areas, understaffing, emotional or mental stress of patients or visitors, insufficient security, and lack of preventative measures have been identified as underlying factors of violence against physicians in a 2019 systematic review and meta-analysis (26) .


id: cord-348840-s8wjg4ar
title: High-touch surfaces: microbial neighbours at hand
author: Cobrado, L.
date: 2017-06-25
txt: ./txt/cord-348840-s8wjg4ar.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-348840-s8wjg4ar.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-017-3042-4
doi: 10.1007/s10096-017-3042-4
summary:
  Microorganisms contaminating such high-touch surfaces include Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, yeasts and parasites, with improved cleaning and disinfection effectively decreasing the rate of HAIs. Manual and automated surface cleaning strategies used in the control of infectious outbreaks are discussed and current trends concerning the prevention of contamination by the use of antimicrobial surfaces are taken into consideration in this manuscript. Additionally, evidence that hightouch surfaces (HTS) will work as an extra source of microbial pathogens accumulated over the years, e.g., several microorganisms can survive on medical equipment for hours to months, improved cleaning and disinfection of surfaces decrease the rate of HAI, and hospital environmental screening results and the study of clonal outbreaks, all have given support to the role of contaminated HTS in the transmission of pathogens between patients and healthcare personnel [4] . Microbial pathogens most frequently involved in the contamination of hospital environmental surfaces are (methicillinresistant) Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycinresistant enterococci (VRE), Clostridium difficile, multidrug resistant Gramme-negative bacilli (such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Enterobacteriaceae), Norovirus, Coronavirus and Candida species [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] .

abstract:
  Despite considerable efforts, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) continue to be globally responsible for serious morbidity, increased costs and prolonged length of stay. Among potentially preventable sources of microbial pathogens causing HAIs, patient care items and environmental surfaces frequently touched play an important role in the chain of transmission. Microorganisms contaminating such high-touch surfaces include Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, viruses, yeasts and parasites, with improved cleaning and disinfection effectively decreasing the rate of HAIs. Manual and automated surface cleaning strategies used in the control of infectious outbreaks are discussed and current trends concerning the prevention of contamination by the use of antimicrobial surfaces are taken into consideration in this manuscript.


id: cord-354491-23cjm86c
author: Muller, A. E.
date: 2020-07-04
txt: ./txt/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607
doi: 10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607
summary:
  Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. Six studies reported on the implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems caused by the covid-19 pandemic among healthcare workers. While the majority of studies were cross-sectional and assessed as having high risk of bias, several patterns in their findings were evident: more healthcare workers were interested in social support to alieve mental health impacts, only a minority were interested in professional help for these problems, and yet interventions described in the literature largely seemed to focus on relieving individual symptoms.

title:
  The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic onhealthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review

abstract:
  Background: The covid-19 pandemic has heavily burdened, and in some cases overwhelmed, healthcare systems throughout the world. Healthcare workers are not only at heightened risk of infection, but also of adverse mental health outcomes. Identification of organizational, collegial and individual risk and resilience factors impacting the mental health of healthcare workers are needed to inform preparedness planning and sustainable response. Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. On 11 May 2020, we utilized the Norwegian Institute of Public Health's Live map of covid-19 evidence, the visualization of a database of 20,738 screened studies, to identify studies for inclusion. We included studies reporting on any type of mental health outcome in any type of healthcare workers during the pandemic. We described interventions reported by the studies, and narratively summarized mental health-related outcomes, as study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. We assessed study quality using design-specific instruments. Results: We included 59 studies, reporting on a total of 54,707 healthcare workers. The prevalence of general psychological distress across the studies ranged from 7-97% (median 37%), anxiety 9-90% (median 24%), depression 5-51% (median 21%), and sleeping problems 34-65% (median 37%). Seven studies reported on implementing mental health interventions, and most focused on individual symptom reduction, but none reported on effects of the interventions. In most studies, healthcare workers reported low interest in and use of professional help, and greater reliance on social support and contact with family and friends. Exposure to covid-19 was the most commonly reported correlate of mental health problems, followed by female gender, and worry about infection or about infecting others. Social support correlated with less mental health problems. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. before the pandemic. There seems to be a mismatch between risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes among healthcare workers in the current pandemic and their needs and preferences, and the individual psychopathology focus of current interventions. Efforts to help healthcare workers sustain healthy relationships to colleagues, family and friends over time may be paramount to safeguard what is already an important source of support during the prolonged crisis. Expanding interventions' focus to incorporate organizational, collegial and family factors to support healthcare workers responding to the pandemic could improve acceptability and efficacy of interventions. Other: The protocol for this review is available online. No funding was received.


