id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-255870-gmq5zs2d	Liu, Shengwang	Identification of the avian infectious bronchitis coronaviruses with mutations in gene 3	2008-04-15		.txt	text/plain	5685	258	56	All the IBV field and vaccine strains were propagated once in 9 to 11-day-old embryonated chicken-specific pathogen-free (SPF) eggs (Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, China) and confirmed using negative contrast electronic microscopy (JEM-1200, EX) in the allantoic fluids of inoculated eggs as described previously (Liu and Kong, 2004) , before being used in sequence analysis. Each of the nine 9-day-old SPF chicken embryos was inoculated with the isolates CK/CH/LLN/98, CK/CH/LSD/03I, CK/CH/LJL/04I, CK/CH/LDL/97I, and CK/CH/LGD/04II passage level 3 (the latter 3 virus strains, each representing different IBV serotypes in China, were used as controls) with 10 2 EID 50 per embryo in 0.1 ml inoculum into the allantoic cavity. This mutation resulted in the virus lacking ORF 3a and changed the primary structure of the 3′-encoding regions of CK/CH/LLN/98I, leading to a novel genomic organization of the avian coronavirus that had the S-3b-3c-M-5a-5b-N gene order from the 5′-end to the 3′-end, instead of the typical gene order in the 3′-encoding regions of group 3 coronaviruses isolated from chicken (IBV) (Boursnell et al., 1987) , turkey (Breslin et al., 1999; Cavanagh et al., 2001; Lin et al., 2002) , and pheasants (Cavanagh et al., 2002) .	./cache/cord-255870-gmq5zs2d.txt	./txt/cord-255870-gmq5zs2d.txt