id sid tid token lemma pos cord-023873-fidpskcs 1 1 key key NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 1 2 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 1 cord-023873-fidpskcs cord-023873-fidpskcs JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 2 authors author NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 3 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 4 Meersseman Meersseman NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 6 Wouter Wouter NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 7 title title NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 8 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 9 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 10 Aspergillosis Aspergillosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 11 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 12 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 13 Intensive Intensive NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 14 Care Care NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 15 Unit Unit NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 2 16 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 1 Beyond beyond IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 3 Typical Typical NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 4 Haematological Haematological NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 5 Patient Patient NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 6 date date NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 7 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 8 2009 2009 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 9 - - SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 10 05 05 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 11 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 12 04 04 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 13 journal journal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 3 14 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 4 1 Aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 4 2 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 5 1 From from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 5 2 Diagnosis Diagnosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 5 3 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 5 4 Prevention Prevention NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 5 5 DOI DOI NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 5 6 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 1 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 LS cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 2 - - SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 3 90 90 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 4 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 5 481 481 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 6 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 7 2408 2408 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 8 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 9 4_29 4_29 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 10 sha sha NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 6 11 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 7 1 63585e03b75f151138ad1e2b682dff0e227a26f6 63585e03b75f151138ad1e2b682dff0e227a26f6 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 7 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 7 3 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 7 4 23873 23873 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 7 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 7 6 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 1 fidpskcs fidpskcs NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 2 Data Data NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 3 about about IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 4 incidence incidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 5 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 6 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 7 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 9 intensive intensive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 10 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 11 units unit NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 13 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 15 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 16 scarce scarce JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 17 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 18 variable variable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 8 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 1 Incidences incidence NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 2 ranging range VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 3 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 4 2 2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 5 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 6 24 24 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 7 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 8 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 9 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 10 reported report VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 11 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 12 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 13 might may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 14 reflect reflect VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 15 different different JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 16 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 17 policies policy NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 18 amongst amongst IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 19 centres centre NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 9 20 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 1 Recent recent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 2 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 3 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 4 shown show VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 5 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 6 many many JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 7 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 8 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 9 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 10 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 11 do do VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 12 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 13 have have VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 14 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 15 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 16 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 10 17 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 1 Instead instead RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 3 conditions condition NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 4 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 5 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 7 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 9 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 11 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 12 failure failure NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 13 became become VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 14 recognized recognize VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 15 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 16 important important JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 17 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 18 factors factor NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 11 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 3 remains remain VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 4 difficult difficult JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 6 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 7 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 8 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 9 since since IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 10 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 11 tests test NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 12 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 13 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 14 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 15 widely widely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 16 validated validate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 17 outside outside IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 18 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 19 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 20 boundaries boundary NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 12 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 1 Mechanical mechanical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 2 ventilation ventilation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 3 precludes preclude VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 5 interpretation interpretation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 7 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 8 signs sign NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 9 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 10 radiological radiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 11 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 12 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 13 clouded cloud VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 14 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 15 underlying underlie VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 16 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 17 pathology pathology NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 13 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 1 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 2 cultures culture NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 3 lack lack VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 4 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 5 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 6 specificity specificity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 14 7 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 1 At at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 3 moment moment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 4 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 5 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 6 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 7 best well RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 8 made make VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 9 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 10 testing test VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 11 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 12 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 13 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 14 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 15 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 16 samples sample NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 18 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 19 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 20 specificity specificity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 21 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 22 > > $ cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 23 87 87 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 24 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 15 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 1 Testing test VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 2 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 3 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 4 sera sera NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 5 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 6 limited limit VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 7 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 8 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 10 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 11 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 12 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 16 13 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 1 Modern modern JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 2 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 3 tests test NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 4 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 5 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 7 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 8 beta beta NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 9 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 10 glucan glucan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 11 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 12 never never RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 13 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 14 validated validate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 15 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 16 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 17 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 18 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 17 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 1 Due due IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 2 mostly mostly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 3 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 4 major major JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 5 delays delay NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 7 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 8 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 9 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 10 mortality mortality NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 11 exceeds exceed VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 12 50 50 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 13 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 18 14 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 1 Although although IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 3 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 4 armamentarium armamentarium NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 5 against against IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 6 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 7 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 8 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 9 improved improve VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 11 recent recent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 12 years year NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 13 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 14 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 15 concerning concern VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 16 safety safety NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 17 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 18 efficacy efficacy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 19 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 20 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 21 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 22 agents agent NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 23 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 24 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 25 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 26 setting setting NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 27 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 28 lacking lack VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 19 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 1 Autopsy autopsy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 2 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 3 show show VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 5 emergence emergence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 7 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 8 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 9 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 10 major major JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 11 pathogen pathogen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 13 as as RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 14 well well RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 15 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 16 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 17 expansion expansion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 18 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 19 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 20 spectrum spectrum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 21 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 22 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 23 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 24 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 25 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 26 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 20 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 2 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 3 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 4 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 5 selected selected JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 6 patient patient JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 7 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 8 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 10 prevalence prevalence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 11 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 12 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 13 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 14 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 15 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 16 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 17 academic academic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 18 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 19 rose rise VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 20 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 21 2.2 2.2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 22 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 23 5.1 5.1 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 24 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 25 over over IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 26 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 27 12-year 12-year JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 28 period period NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 29 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 30 largely largely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 31 due due JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 32 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 33 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 34 increase increase NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 35 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 36 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 37 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 39 1 1 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 21 41 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 1 However however RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 3 estimates estimate VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 4 about about IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 6 incidence incidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 8 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 9 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 10 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 11 ill ill JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 12 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 13 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 14 sparse sparse JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 16 variable variable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 22 17 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 1 For for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 2 various various JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 3 reasons reason NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 4 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 5 figures figure NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 6 about about IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 7 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 8 true true JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 9 incidence incidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 10 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 12 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 13 generate generate VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 23 14 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 1 First first RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 3 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 4 case case NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 5 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 7 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 8 culture culture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 9 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 10 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 11 species specie NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 13 discriminating discriminate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 14 between between IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 15 colonisation colonisation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 17 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 18 remains remain VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 19 challenging challenging JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 24 20 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 1 Second second RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 3 very very RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 4 few few JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 5 institutions institution NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 6 perform perform VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 7 post post JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 8 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 9 mortem mortem JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 10 examinations examination NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 11 routinely routinely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 13 while while IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 15 most most JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 16 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 18 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 19 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 20 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 21 only only JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 22 way way NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 23 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 24 proving prove VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 25 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 26 definite definite JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 27 nature nature NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 28 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 29 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 30 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 25 31 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 1 Third third JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 3 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 4 radiological radiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 5 signs sign NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 7 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 8 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 9 usually usually RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 10 absent absent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 11 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 12 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 13 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 14 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 15 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 16 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 17 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 26 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 1 Finally finally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 3 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 4 date date NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 7 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 8 utility utility NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 9 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 10 recently recently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 11 available available JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 12 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 13 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 14 culture culture JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 15 based base VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 16 microbiological microbiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 17 tools tool NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 19 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 20 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 21 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 22 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 23 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 24 antigens antigen NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 25 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 26 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 27 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 28 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 29 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 30 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 31 specific specific JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 32 DNA dna NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 33 through through IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 34 polymerase polymerase NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 35 chain chain NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 36 reaction reaction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 38 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 40 techniques technique NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 41 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 42 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 43 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 44 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 45 properly properly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 46 validated validate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 47 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 48 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 49 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 50 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 51 haematology haematology JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 52 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 53 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 27 54 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 2 addition addition NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 4 typical typical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 5 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 6 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 7 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 8 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 9 those those DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 10 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 11 chronic chronic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 12 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 14 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 16 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 18 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 19 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 20 disorders disorder NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 21 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 22 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 23 considered consider VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 24 amongst amongst IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 25 hosts host NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 26 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 27 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 28 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 29 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 30 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 31 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 32 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 33 recently recently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 34 updated update VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 35 EORTC EORTC NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 36 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 37 MSG MSG NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 38 guidelines guideline NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 40 2 2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 28 42 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 2 summary summary NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 4 available available JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 5 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 7 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 8 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 9 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 10 listed list VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 11 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 12 Table Table NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 13 1 1 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 15 3 3 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 18 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 21 5 5 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 24 6 6 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 27 7 7 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 30 8 8 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 33 9 9 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 29 35 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 2 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 3 medical medical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 4 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 7 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 8 observed observe VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 9 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 10 incidences incidence NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 11 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 12 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 13 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 14 two two CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 15 separate separate JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 16 retrospective retrospective JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 17 autopsy autopsy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 18 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 19 controlled control VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 20 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 30 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 3 largest large JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 4 one one CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 6 127 127 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 8 1850 1850 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 10 6.9 6.9 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 11 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 13 hospitalised hospitalise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 14 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 15 had have VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 16 microbiological microbiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 17 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 18 histopathological histopathological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 19 evidence evidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 20 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 21 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 22 during during IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 24 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 25 stay stay NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 26 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 27 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 28 89 89 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 29 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 31 70 70 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 32 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 34 without without IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 35 underlying underlie VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 36 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 37 malignancy malignancy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 31 38 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 2 observed observed JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 3 mortality mortality NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 5 80 80 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 6 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 7 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 8 much much RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 9 higher high JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 10 than than IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 12 predicted predict VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 13 mortality mortality NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 14 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 15 per per IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 16 SAPS SAPS NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 17 II II NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 18 score score NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 20 48 48 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 21 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 24 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 32 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 1 An an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 2 earlier early JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 3 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 4 looked look VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 5 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 6 unsuspected unsuspected JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 7 causes cause NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 9 death death NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 12 same same JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 13 medical medical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 14 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 16 showed show VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 17 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 19 out out IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 20 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 21 100 100 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 22 autopsies autopsy NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 24 there there EX cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 25 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 26 15 15 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 27 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 28 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 29 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 30 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 31 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 32 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 33 5 5 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 34 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 35 missed miss VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 36 pre pre JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 37 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 38 mortem mortem JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 40 3 3 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 33 42 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 1 During during IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 2 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 3 6-year 6-year JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 4 period period NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 6 Cornillet Cornillet NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 7 et et NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 8 al al NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 9 . . NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 10 found find VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 11 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 12 mean mean JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 13 number number NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 15 15 15 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 16 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 17 per per IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 18 year year NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 19 diagnosed diagnose VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 21 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 22 ; ; : cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 23 approximately approximately RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 24 half half NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 25 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 26 them -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 27 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 28 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 29 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 30 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 32 9 9 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 34 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 1 These these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 2 inter inter JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 3 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 4 centre centre JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 5 differences difference NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 6 can can MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 7 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 8 explained explain VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 9 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 10 differences difference NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 11 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 12 underlying underlying JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 13 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 14 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 15 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 16 case case NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 17 mix mix NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 18 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 19 different different JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 20 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 21 policies policy NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 35 22 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 2 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 3 recent recent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 4 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 5 published publish VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 6 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 7 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 8 group group NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 10 10 10 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 13 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 14 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 15 fever fever NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 16 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 17 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 18 infiltrates infiltrate NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 19 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 20 screened screen VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 21 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 22 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 23 using use VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 24 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 25 testing testing NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 26 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 27 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 29 BAL BAL NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 31 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 36 32 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 1 From from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 2 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 3 total total NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 5 1,109 1,109 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 6 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 7 admitted admit VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 8 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 11 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 12 110 110 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 13 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 14 fulfilled fulfil VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 16 entrance entrance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 17 criteria criterion NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 18 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 19 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 20 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 37 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 1 Most Most JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 2 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 3 had have VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 4 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 5 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 6 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 7 diseases disease NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 9 67 67 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 10 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 13 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 14 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 15 cirrhosis cirrhosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 17 21 21 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 18 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 20 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 21 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 23 14 14 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 24 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 26 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 27 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 28 systemic systemic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 29 conditions condition NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 31 15 15 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 32 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 38 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 2 incidence incidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 4 proven prove VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 5 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 7 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 8 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 9 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 10 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 11 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 12 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 13 23.6 23.6 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 14 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 15 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 16 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 17 might may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 18 have have VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 19 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 20 associated associate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 21 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 22 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 23 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 24 frequency frequency NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 25 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 26 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 28 95 95 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 29 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 30 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 31 fatalities fatality NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 33 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 34 as as RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 35 well well RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 36 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 37 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 38 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 39 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 40 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 41 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 42 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 43 tool tool NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 45 more more JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 46 comments comment NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 47 about about IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 48 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 49 testing testing NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 50 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 51 presented present VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 52 below below RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 39 54 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 1 As as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 2 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 3 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 5 single single JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 6 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 7 centre centre NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 8 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 9 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 10 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 11 presence presence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 13 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 14 outbreak outbreak NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 15 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 16 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 17 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 18 possibility possibility NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 40 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 41 1 2 2 LS cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 1 Who who WP cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 2 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 3 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 4 Risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 5 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 6 Developing develop VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 7 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 42 11 ? ? . cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 1 Over over IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 3 past past JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 4 two two CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 5 decades decade NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 6 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 7 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 8 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 9 emerged emerge VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 10 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 11 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 12 life life NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 13 threatening threaten VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 14 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 15 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 16 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 17 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 18 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 19 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 20 diseases disease NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 43 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 1 Although although IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 2 many many JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 4 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 5 infected infect VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 6 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 7 will will MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 8 eventually eventually RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 9 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 10 admitted admit VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 11 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 12 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 13 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 14 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 15 advanced advanced JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 16 supportive supportive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 17 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 20 seems seem VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 21 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 22 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 23 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 24 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 25 gained gain VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 26 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 27 foothold foothold NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 28 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 29 less less RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 30 severely severely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 31 compromised compromise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 32 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 33 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 35 7 7 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 44 37 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 1 So so RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 3 can can MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 5 threshold threshold NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 7 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 8 needed need VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 9 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 10 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 11 development development NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 13 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 14 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 15 defined define VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 45 16 ? ? . cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 2 grouped group VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 4 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 5 factors factor NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 6 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 7 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 11 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 12 into into IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 13 3 3 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 14 categories category NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 16 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 18 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 19 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 20 low low JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 46 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 47 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 47 2 Table table NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 47 3 2 2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 47 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 47 5 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 1 Various various JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 2 factors factor NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 3 adversely adversely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 4 affect affect VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 6 defence defence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 7 systems system NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 9 previously previously RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 10 healthy healthy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 11 individuals individual NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 13 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 14 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 15 prolonged prolong VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 16 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 17 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 18 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 19 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 20 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 21 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 22 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 23 central central JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 24 venous venous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 25 catheters catheter NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 26 and/or and/or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 27 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 28 ventilation ventilation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 48 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 1 Although although IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 2 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 3 factors factor NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 4 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 5 present present JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 7 most most JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 8 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 9 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 10 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 11 many many JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 13 them -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 14 do do VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 15 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 16 develop develop VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 17 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 49 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 1 One one CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 2 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 4 intriguing intriguing JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 5 hypotheses hypothesis NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 6 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 7 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 10 apparently apparently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 11 immunocompetent immunocompetent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 12 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 13 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 14 multiple multiple JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 15 organ organ NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 16 dysfunctions dysfunction NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 17 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 18 related relate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 19 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 20 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 21 biphasic biphasic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 22 response response NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 23 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 24 sepsis sepsis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 50 25 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 2 initial initial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 3 hyperinflammatory hyperinflammatory NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 4 phase phase NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 5 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 6 followed follow VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 7 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 8 relative relative JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 9 immunoparalysis immunoparalysis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 11 11 11 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 51 13 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 1 This this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 2 latter latter JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 3 process process NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 4 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 5 characterized characterize VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 6 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 7 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 8 deactivation deactivation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 9 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 10 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 11 put put VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 12 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 13 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 14 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 15 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 16 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 17 developing develop VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 18 opportunistic opportunistic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 19 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 20 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 21 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 22 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 52 23 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 1 Further further JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 2 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 3 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 4 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 5 warranted warrant VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 6 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 7 better better RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 8 delineate delineate VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 9 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 10 phase phase NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 11 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 12 immunoparalysis immunoparalysis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 53 13 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 1 More More JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 2 detail detail NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 3 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 5 interactions interaction NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 6 between between IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 7 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 8 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 10 immune immune JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 11 system system NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 12 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 13 presented present VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 16 chapter chapter NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 17 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 18 Dr Dr NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 19 Romani Romani NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 54 20 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 1 Patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 2 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 4 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 6 medical medical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 7 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 8 surgical surgical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 10 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 11 often often RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 12 treated treat VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 13 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 14 steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 55 15 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 1 Recent recent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 2 work work NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 3 concluded conclude VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 4 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 6 mortality mortality NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 7 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 8 reduced reduce VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 9 if if IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 10 septic septic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 11 shock shock NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 12 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 13 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 14 adrenal adrenal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 15 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 16 receive receive VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 17 hydrocortisone hydrocortisone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 18 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 19 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 20 7-day 7-day JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 21 period period NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 23 12 12 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 56 25 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 2 vitro vitro FW cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 4 however however RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 6 pharmacological pharmacological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 7 concentrations concentration NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 9 hydrocortisone hydrocortisone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 10 accelerate accelerate VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 12 growth growth NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 13 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 14 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 15 spp spp NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 57 16 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 58 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 58 2 13 13 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 58 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 58 4 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 3 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 4 steroid steroid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 5 intake intake NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 6 diminishes diminish VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 7 both both DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 8 lines line NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 9 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 11 defence defence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 12 against against IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 13 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 15 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 17 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 59 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 1 Palmer Palmer NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 2 reported report VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 3 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 5 threshold threshold NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 6 steroid steroid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 7 level level NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 8 varies vary VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 9 according accord VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 10 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 12 type type NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 13 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 14 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 16 emphasized emphasize VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 17 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 18 underlying underlie VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 19 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 20 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 21 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 22 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 23 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 24 factor factor NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 25 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 26 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 27 even even RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 28 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 29 low low JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 30 doses dose NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 32 14 14 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 60 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 1 Further further JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 2 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 3 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 4 needed need VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 5 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 6 investigate investigate VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 7 whether whether IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 9 7 7 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 10 day day NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 11 course course NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 13 hydrocortisone hydrocortisone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 14 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 15 200-mg 200-mg CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 16 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 17 day day NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 18 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 19 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 21 septic septic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 22 shock shock NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 23 puts put VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 24 them -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 25 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 26 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 27 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 28 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 29 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 30 knowing know VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 31 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 32 recognition recognition NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 33 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 34 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 35 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 36 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 37 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 38 delayed delay VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 39 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 40 since since IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 41 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 42 anti anti JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 43 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 44 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 45 properties property NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 46 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 47 steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 48 blunt blunt VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 49 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 50 signs sign NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 51 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 52 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 61 53 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 1 Two two CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 2 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 3 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 4 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 5 groups group NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 6 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 7 included include VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 10 EORTC EORTC NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 11 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 12 MSG MSG NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 13 definitions definition NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 14 stand stand VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 15 out out RP cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 16 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 17 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 19 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 20 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 21 cirrhosis cirrhosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 22 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 62 23 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 1 Patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 2 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 3 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 4 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 5 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 6 increasingly increasingly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 7 recognized recognize VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 8 group group NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 9 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 10 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 11 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 12 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 13 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 14 developing develop VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 15 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 17 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 18 some some DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 19 institutions institution NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 20 outnumber outnumber VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 21 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 22 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 23 " " `` cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 24 classic classic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 25 " " '' cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 26 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 63 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 1 Bulpa Bulpa NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 2 et et NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 3 al al NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 4 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 5 analyzed analyze VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 7 group group NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 9 16 16 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 10 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 11 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 12 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 13 proven proven JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 14 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 15 probable probable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 16 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 17 requiring require VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 18 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 19 admission admission NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 64 20 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 1 All all DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 2 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 3 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 4 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 5 steroid steroid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 6 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 65 7 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 2 outcome outcome NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 3 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 4 invariably invariably RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 5 poor poor JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 7 15 15 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 66 9 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 1 This this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 2 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 3 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 4 accordance accordance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 5 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 7 report report NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 9 Rello Rello NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 10 et et NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 11 al al NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 12 . . NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 13 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 14 who who WP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 15 describes describe VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 16 another another DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 17 8 8 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 18 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 19 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 21 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 22 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 23 universally universally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 24 fatal fatal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 25 outcome outcome NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 27 16 16 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 67 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 68 1 Guinea Guinea NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 68 2 et et NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 68 3 al al NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 68 4 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 1 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 2 Madrid Madrid NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 3 recently recently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 4 presented present VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 5 results result NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 6 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 7 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 8 large large JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 9 series series NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 10 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 11 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 12 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 13 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 14 association association NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 15 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 16 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 18 n n NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 19 = = SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 20 57 57 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 23 17 17 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 69 25 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 1 Steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 2 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 3 identified identify VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 4 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 5 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 6 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 7 factor factor NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 9 98 98 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 10 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 11 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 12 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 13 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 14 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 15 74 74 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 16 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 17 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 18 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 19 having have VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 20 received receive VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 21 total total JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 22 doses dose NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 23 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 24 > > XX cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 25 700 700 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 26 mg mg NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 70 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 1 Most Most JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 2 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 4 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 6 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 7 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 8 had have VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 9 only only RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 10 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 11 involvement involvement NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 13 but but CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 14 2 2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 15 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 16 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 17 had have VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 18 probable probable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 19 brain brain NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 20 involvement involvement NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 71 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 1 Data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 2 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 4 same same JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 5 group group NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 6 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 7 revealed reveal VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 8 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 9 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 10 became become VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 12 leading lead VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 13 underlying underlie VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 14 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 15 associated associate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 16 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 17 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 19 52.4 52.4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 20 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 21 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 22 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 24 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 25 far far RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 26 more more RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 27 frequent frequent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 28 than than IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 29 classical classical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 30 conditions condition NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 31 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 32 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 33 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 34 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 36 15.2 15.2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 37 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 40 18 18 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 72 42 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 1 Hepatic hepatic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 2 failure failure NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 3 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 4 generally generally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 5 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 6 recognized recognize VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 7 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 8 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 9 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 10 factor factor NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 11 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 12 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 73 13 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 2 literature literature NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 3 review review NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 4 revealed reveal VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 5 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 6 5 5 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 8 14 14 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 9 previously previously RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 10 reported report VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 11 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 13 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 15 seemingly seemingly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 16 immunocompetent immunocompetent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 17 hosts host NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 18 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 19 associated associate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 21 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 22 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 24 19 19 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 74 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 2 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 4 3 3 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 5 fatal fatal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 6 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 8 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 10 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 75 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 1 Patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 2 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 3 cirrhosis cirrhosi NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 4 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 5 depressed depress VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 6 phagocytosis phagocytosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 7 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 8 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 9 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 10 increase increase VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 12 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 13 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 14 severe severe JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 15 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 76 16 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 2 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 3 expected expect VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 4 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 5 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 6 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 7 categories category NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 9 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 10 will will MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 11 come come VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 12 up up RP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 13 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 14 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 15 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 16 agents agent NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 17 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 18 made make VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 19 available available JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 20 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 21 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 22 alemtuzumab alemtuzumab NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 23 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 24 etanercept etanercept NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 26 TNF TNF NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 27 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 28 α α NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 29 blocker blocker NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 32 20 20 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 77 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 1 There there EX cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 2 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 4 sources source NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 5 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 6 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 7 species specie NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 8 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 9 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 12 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 14 21 21 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 15 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 16 22 22 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 78 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 2 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 3 believed believe VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 4 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 6 primary primary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 7 ecological ecological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 8 niche niche NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 9 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 10 decomposing decompose VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 11 material material NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 79 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 1 However however RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 3 aerosolised aerosolise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 4 spores spore NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 5 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 6 become become VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 7 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 8 potential potential JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 9 source source NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 10 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 11 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 12 through through IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 13 improperly improperly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 14 cleaned clean VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 15 ventilation ventilation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 16 systems system NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 18 water water NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 19 systems system NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 20 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 21 even even RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 22 computer computer NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 23 consoles console NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 80 24 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 2 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 4 High High NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 5 Efficiency Efficiency NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 6 Particulate Particulate NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 7 Air Air NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 9 HEPA HEPA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 11 filtration filtration NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 12 reduces reduce VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 13 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 14 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 15 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 16 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 17 but but CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 18 does do VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 19 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 20 reduce reduce VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 22 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 23 zero zero CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 24 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 25 probably probably RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 26 partly partly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 27 because because IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 28 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 29 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 30 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 31 colonised colonise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 32 before before IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 33 admission admission NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 34 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 35 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 36 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 37 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 38 partly partly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 39 because because IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 40 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 41 breaks break NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 42 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 43 airflow airflow NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 81 44 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 1 Pittet Pittet NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 2 described describe VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 3 two two CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 4 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 5 who who WP cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 6 developed develop VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 7 fatal fatal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 8 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 9 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 10 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 11 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 82 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 2 retrospect retrospect JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 4 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 5 concentrations concentration NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 7 airborne airborne JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 8 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 9 spores spore NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 10 could could MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 11 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 12 found find VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 13 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 14 closely closely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 15 related relate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 16 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 17 air air NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 18 filter filter NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 19 change change NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 20 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 21 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 22 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 24 23 23 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 83 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 1 Besides besides IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 3 airborne airborne JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 4 route route NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 6 contaminated contaminated JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 7 water water NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 8 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 9 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 10 implicated implicate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 11 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 12 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 13 source source NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 15 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 17 24 24 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 84 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 2 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 4 ventilators ventilator NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 5 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 7 source source NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 9 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 10 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 11 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 12 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 13 undertaken undertake VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 85 14 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 1 Of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 2 note note NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 5 development development NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 7 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 8 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 9 depends depend VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 10 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 11 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 12 interplay interplay NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 13 between between IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 14 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 15 inoculating inoculate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 16 dose dose NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 18 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 19 ability ability NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 20 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 21 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 22 host host NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 23 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 24 resist resist VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 25 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 27 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 28 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 29 depends depend VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 30 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 31 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 32 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 33 architecture architecture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 35 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 36 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 37 virulence virulence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 38 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 39 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 40 infecting infect VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 41 organism organism NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 86 42 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 2 concept concept NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 3 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 4 increasing increase VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 5 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 6 burden burden NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 7 due due JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 8 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 9 specific specific JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 11 treatments treatment NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 12 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 13 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 14 diseases disease NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 15 than than IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 87 16 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 2 e.g. e.g. IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 3 steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 4 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 5 septic septic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 6 shock shock NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 8 parallels parallel VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 10 progression progression NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 11 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 12 subclinical subclinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 13 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 15 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 16 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 17 needs need VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 18 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 19 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 20 explored explore VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 21 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 22 more more RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 23 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 24 markers marker NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 26 e.g. e.g. RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 27 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 88 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 1 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 2 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 4 secretions secretion NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 5 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 7 modality modality NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 8 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 9 surveillance surveillance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 10 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 11 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 12 interesting interesting JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 13 topic topic NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 14 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 15 research research NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 89 16 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 1 Generally generally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 2 speaking speak VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 4 there there EX cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 5 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 6 types type NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 9 interactions interaction NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 10 between between IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 11 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 12 species specie NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 13 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 14 humans human NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 90 15 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 2 most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 3 frequent frequent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 4 interaction interaction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 5 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 6 colonisation colonisation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 9 airways airways NNPS cord-023873-fidpskcs 91 10 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 1 This this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 2 can can MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 3 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 4 present present JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 6 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 7 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 8 defective defective JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 9 mucociliary mucociliary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 10 clearance clearance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 11 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 12 structural structural JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 13 changes change NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 16 bronchial bronchial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 17 wall wall NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 92 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 1 These these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 2 changes change NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 3 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 4 present present JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 6 almost almost RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 7 every every DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 8 mechanically mechanically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 9 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 10 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 11 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 12 making make VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 13 them -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 14 particularly particularly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 15 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 16 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 17 colonisation colonisation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 93 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 1 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 2 will will MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 3 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 4 develop develop VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 6 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 7 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 8 unless unless IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 9 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 10 critical critical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 11 level level NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 13 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 14 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 15 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 16 reached reach VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 94 17 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 2 second second JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 3 type type NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 5 interaction interaction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 6 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 7 allergic allergic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 9 nature nature NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 11 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 12 beyond beyond IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 13 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 14 scope scope NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 15 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 16 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 17 review review NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 19 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 20 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 21 discussed discuss VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 22 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 23 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 24 chapter chapter NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 25 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 26 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 27 book book NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 95 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 2 most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 3 relevant relevant JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 4 form form NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 5 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 6 interaction interaction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 7 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 8 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 9 physicians physician NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 10 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 12 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 13 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 14 that that WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 15 develops develop VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 16 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 17 persons person NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 18 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 19 impaired impaired JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 20 immunity immunity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 96 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 2 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 3 angioinvasive angioinvasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 4 form form NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 5 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 6 frequently frequently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 7 encountered encounter VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 9 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 10 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 11 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 12 whereas whereas IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 13 cavitating cavitating JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 14 infiltrates infiltrate NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 15 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 16 observed observe VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 17 most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 18 frequently frequently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 19 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 20 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 21 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 22 steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 24 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 25 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 26 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 27 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 28 cirrhosis cirrhosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 29 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 30 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 31 solid solid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 32 organ organ NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 33 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 34 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 97 35 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 1 Other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 2 more more JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 3 rare rare JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 4 presentations presentation NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 5 include include VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 6 endocarditis endocarditis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 7 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 8 wound wound NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 9 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 10 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 11 mediastinitis mediastinitis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 13 post post JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 14 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 15 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 16 surgery surgery NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 19 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 20 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 22 grafts graft NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 24 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 25 osteomyelitis osteomyelitis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 98 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 1 These these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 2 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 3 occasionally occasionally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 5 problem problem NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 7 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 8 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 9 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 10 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 11 occur occur VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 12 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 13 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 99 14 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 1 Infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 2 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 4 central central JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 5 nervous nervous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 6 system system NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 7 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 8 frequently frequently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 9 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 10 ominous ominous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 11 sign sign NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 12 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 13 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 14 arise arise VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 15 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 16 haematogenous haematogenous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 17 seeding seeding NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 19 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 20 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 21 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 22 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 23 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 24 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 25 most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 26 common common JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 27 primary primary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 28 site site NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 30 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 31 spread spread VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 32 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 33 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 34 sinuses sinus NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 35 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 36 following follow VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 37 neurosurgery neurosurgery NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 100 38 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 4 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 6 steroid steroid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 7 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 8 immunosuppressed immunosuppressed JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 9 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 10 differs differ VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 11 greatly greatly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 12 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 13 that that DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 15 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 16 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 101 17 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 1 Data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 2 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 3 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 5 pathological pathological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 6 lesions lesion NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 7 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 8 often often RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 9 widespread widespread JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 11 that that DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 12 death death NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 13 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 14 related relate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 15 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 16 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 17 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 18 fungal fungal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 19 burden burden NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 20 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 21 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 22 animals animal NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 24 while while IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 25 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 26 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 27 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 28 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 29 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 30 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 31 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 32 steroid steroid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 33 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 34 treated treat VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 35 animals animal NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 36 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 37 driven drive VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 38 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 39 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 40 adverse adverse JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 41 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 42 host host NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 43 response response NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 44 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 45 frequently frequently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 46 confined confine VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 47 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 48 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 49 lungs lung NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 50 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 51 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 52 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 53 low low JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 54 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 55 burden burden NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 56 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 57 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 58 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 59 parenchyma parenchyma NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 60 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 61 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 62 organs organ NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 63 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 64 25 25 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 65 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 66 26 26 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 67 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 102 68 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 2 reader reader NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 3 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 4 referred refer VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 5 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 7 chapter chapter NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 8 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 9 Drs Drs NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 10 Ben Ben NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 11 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 12 Ami Ami NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 13 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 14 Kontoyiannis Kontoyiannis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 15 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 16 more more JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 17 detail detail NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 18 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 19 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 20 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 21 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 22 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 103 23 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 2 signs sign NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 3 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 4 usually usually RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 5 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 6 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 7 specific specific JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 8 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 9 do do VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 10 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 11 necessarily necessarily RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 12 differ differ VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 13 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 14 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 15 causes cause NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 16 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 17 nosocomial nosocomial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 18 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 104 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 2 addition addition NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 4 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 5 ill ill JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 6 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 7 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 8 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 9 stays stay NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 12 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 13 often often RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 14 develop develop VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 16 infiltrates infiltrate NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 18 atelectasis atelectasis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 19 and/or and/or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 20 acute acute JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 22 distress distress NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 23 syndrome syndrome NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 25 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 27 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 28 whereas whereas IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 29 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 30 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 31 prior prior JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 32 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 33 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 35 e.g. e.g. RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 36 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 38 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 39 present present VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 40 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 41 pre pre JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 42 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 43 existing existing JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 44 cavities cavity NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 45 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 46 conventional conventional JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 47 chest chest NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 48 radiographs radiograph NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 50 Fig fig NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 51 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 52 1 1 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 105 54 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 106 1 Fig fig NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 106 2 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 106 3 1 1 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 1 Chest chest NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 2 X x NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 3 - - NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 4 ray ray NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 5 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 7 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 8 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 9 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 10 steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 11 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 12 admitted admit VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 13 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 14 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 15 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 16 because because IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 17 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 18 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 19 exacerbation exacerbation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 22 failure failure NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 107 23 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 1 Patchy patchy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 3 hazy hazy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 4 infiltrates infiltrate VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 5 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 6 predominantly predominantly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 7 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 8 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 9 localisation localisation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 11 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 12 right right JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 13 sided sided JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 14 pleural pleural JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 15 effusion effusion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 16 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 17 seen see VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 108 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 1 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 2 culture culture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 3 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 4 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 5 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 6 Haemophilus haemophilus JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 7 influenzae influenzae NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 8 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 9 negative negative JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 10 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 11 fungi fungus NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 109 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 1 Serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 2 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 3 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 4 negative negative JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 5 but but CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 6 showed show VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 7 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 8 value value NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 9 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 10 2.6 2.6 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 11 ng ng NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 12 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 13 ml ml XX cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 16 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 17 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 110 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 1 Despite despite IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 2 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 3 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 4 caspofungin caspofungin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 6 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 7 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 9 renal renal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 10 failure failure NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 13 he -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 14 died die VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 16 autopsy autopsy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 17 showed show VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 18 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 19 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 20 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 21 confined confine VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 22 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 23 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 24 lungs lung NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 25 Making make VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 26 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 27 timely timely JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 28 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 29 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 30 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 31 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 32 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 33 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 34 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 35 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 36 probably probably RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 37 even even RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 38 more more RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 39 challenging challenging JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 40 than than IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 41 establishing establish VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 42 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 43 early early JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 44 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 45 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 46 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 47 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 48 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 49 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 50 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 51 basically basically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 52 because because IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 53 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 54 index index NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 55 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 56 suspicion suspicion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 57 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 58 lower low JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 59 since since IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 60 most most JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 61 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 62 do do VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 63 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 64 belong belong VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 65 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 66 one one CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 67 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 68 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 69 well well RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 70 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 71 established establish VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 72 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 73 groups group NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 111 74 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 4 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 5 tools tool NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 6 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 7 mainly mainly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 8 developed develop VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 9 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 10 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 11 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 112 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 2 general general JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 5 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 6 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 7 based base VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 8 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 9 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 10 combination combination NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 11 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 12 compatible compatible JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 14 findings finding NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 15 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 16 radiological radiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 17 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 19 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 20 microbiological microbiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 21 confirmation confirmation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 22 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 23 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 24 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 25 histological histological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 26 proof proof NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 27 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 28 tissue tissue NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 29 invasion invasion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 30 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 31 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 32 fungus fungus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 113 33 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 1 Table table NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 2 3 3 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 3 gives give VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 4 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 5 overview overview NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 7 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 8 available available JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 9 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 10 tools tool NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 114 11 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 1 Over over IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 3 past past JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 4 few few JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 5 years year NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 6 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 7 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 8 computed compute VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 9 tomography tomography NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 11 CT CT NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 13 scan scan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 14 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 15 become become VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 16 one one CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 17 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 18 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 19 most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 20 important important JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 21 tools tool NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 22 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 23 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 24 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 25 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 26 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 28 27 27 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 115 30 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 1 Virtually virtually RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 2 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 3 signs sign NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 4 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 5 angioinvasive angioinvasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 6 pulmonary pulmonary NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 7 mycosis mycosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 8 -not -not : cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 9 only only RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 10 due due IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 11 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 116 12 aspergillosis aspergillosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 1 but but CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 2 occasionally occasionally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 3 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 4 due due JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 5 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 6 zygomycosis zygomycosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 7 as as RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 8 well well RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 9 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 10 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 117 12 conditions condition NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 1 -include -include : cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 2 single single JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 3 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 4 multiple multiple JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 5 small small JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 6 nodules nodule NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 7 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 8 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 9 " " `` cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 10 halo halo NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 11 " " '' cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 12 sign sign NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 118 13 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 2 should should MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 3 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 5 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 7 utility utility NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 9 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 10 sign sign NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 11 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 12 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 13 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 14 almost almost RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 15 exclusively exclusively RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 16 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 17 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 18 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 119 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 2 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 3 groups group NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 4 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 5 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 6 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 7 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 8 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 9 similar similar JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 10 CT CT NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 11 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 12 findings finding NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 13 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 14 frequently frequently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 15 absent absent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 18 if if IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 19 present present JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 20 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 21 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 22 far far RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 23 less less RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 24 specific specific JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 26 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 120 28 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 1 Many many JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 2 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 3 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 4 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 5 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 6 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 7 specific specific JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 8 interfering interfere VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 9 radiological radiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 10 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 11 due due JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 12 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 13 atelectasis atelectasis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 14 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 15 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 16 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 18 Figs Figs NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 20 2 2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 21 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 22 3 3 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 24 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 25 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 121 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 2 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 4 specimen specimen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 5 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 6 culture culture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 7 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 8 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 9 direct direct JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 10 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 11 examination examination NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 12 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 13 present present JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 15 only only RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 16 half half NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 17 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 18 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 19 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 21 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 122 22 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 2 predictive predictive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 3 value value NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 5 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 6 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 7 culture culture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 8 depends depend VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 9 largely largely RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 10 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 12 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 13 status status NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 16 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 17 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 18 ranges range VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 19 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 20 20 20 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 21 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 22 80 80 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 23 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 123 24 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 1 Given give VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 3 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 4 nature nature NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 5 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 6 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 7 spores spore NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 8 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 9 differentiating differentiate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 10 colonisation colonisation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 11 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 12 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 13 remains remain VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 14 problematic problematic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 124 15 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 1 Two two CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 2 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 3 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 4 examined examine VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 6 significance significance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 8 isolation isolation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 9 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 10 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 11 spp spp NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 125 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 1 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 2 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 3 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 4 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 5 confirmed confirm VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 7 poor poor JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 8 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 9 predictive predictive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 10 values value NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 12 7 7 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 13 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 14 28 28 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 126 16 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 3 surveillance surveillance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 4 cultures culture NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 7 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 8 will will MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 9 add add VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 10 little little JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 11 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 12 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 13 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 15 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 127 16 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 1 Serological serological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 2 techniques technique NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 3 based base VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 4 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 6 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 8 circulating circulate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 9 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 10 cell cell NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 11 wall wall NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 12 components component NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 13 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 14 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 15 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 17 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 19 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 20 β β NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 21 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 22 D d NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 23 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 24 glucan glucan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 25 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 26 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 27 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 28 circulating circulate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 29 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 30 DNA dna NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 31 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 32 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 33 techniques technique NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 34 hold hold VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 35 promise promise NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 36 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 37 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 38 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 39 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 40 malignancy malignancy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 41 but but CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 42 limited limited JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 43 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 44 exist exist VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 45 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 46 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 47 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 48 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 49 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 50 tests test NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 51 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 52 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 53 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 54 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 55 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 56 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 57 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 59 10 10 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 128 61 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 1 Although although IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 2 very very RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 3 useful useful JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 4 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 6 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 7 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 9 29 29 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 11 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 12 serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 13 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 14 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 15 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 16 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 17 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 18 marker marker NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 19 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 20 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 21 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 22 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 23 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 24 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 25 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 26 individual individual NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 27 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 28 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 29 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 30 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 31 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 32 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 33 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 34 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 35 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 37 30 30 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 38 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 39 31 31 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 129 41 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 1 Viable viable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 2 fungi fungus NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 3 could could MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 4 endure endure VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 7 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 8 tissue tissue NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 10 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 11 encapsulation encapsulation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 12 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 13 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 14 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 15 process process NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 18 while while IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 19 circulating circulate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 20 markers marker NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 21 remain remain VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 22 undetectable undetectable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 23 because because IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 24 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 25 clearance clearance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 26 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 27 circulating circulate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 28 neutrophils neutrophil NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 130 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 1 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 2 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 3 could could MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 4 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 5 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 6 better well JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 7 specimen specimen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 8 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 9 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 10 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 11 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 12 recently recently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 13 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 14 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 15 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 16 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 17 prospective prospective JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 18 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 19 performed perform VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 20 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 21 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 22 medical medical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 23 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 24 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 25 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 26 tertiary tertiary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 27 referral referral NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 28 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 30 10 10 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 131 32 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 1 This this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 2 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 3 reinforced reinforce VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 4 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 5 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 6 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 7 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 9 solid solid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 10 organ organ NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 11 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 12 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 14 32 32 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 17 33 33 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 20 34 34 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 132 22 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 1 On on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 3 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 4 hand hand NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 6 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 7 testing testing NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 9 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 10 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 11 samples sample NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 12 seems seem VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 13 very very RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 14 promising promising JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 15 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 16 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 17 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 18 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 19 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 20 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 21 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 22 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 23 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 24 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 26 10 10 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 27 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 28 35 35 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 133 30 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 1 Results result NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 2 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 3 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 4 single single JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 5 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 6 showed show VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 7 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 8 test test NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 9 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 11 specificity specificity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 12 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 13 88 88 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 14 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 15 87 87 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 16 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 18 respectively respectively RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 19 using use VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 20 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 21 cut cut NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 22 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 23 off off NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 24 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 25 0.5 0.5 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 26 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 27 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 28 testing testing NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 134 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 2 contrast contrast NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 5 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 7 serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 8 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 9 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 10 42 42 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 11 % % NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 12 only only RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 135 13 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 2 bit bit NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 4 caution caution NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 5 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 6 however however RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 7 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 8 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 9 required require VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 10 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 11 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 13 since since IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 14 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 15 best good JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 16 cut cut NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 17 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 18 off off NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 19 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 20 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 21 testing testing NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 22 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 23 BAL BAL NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 25 36 36 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 136 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 3 many many JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 4 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 5 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 6 shown show VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 7 that that IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 8 testing test VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 9 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 11 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 12 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 13 samples sample NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 14 result result VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 15 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 16 higher high JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 17 optical optical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 18 densities density NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 19 than than IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 20 testing test VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 21 sera sera NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 23 33 33 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 24 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 25 37 37 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 137 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 2 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 3 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 4 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 5 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 6 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 7 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 8 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 9 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 10 all all DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 11 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 13 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 14 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 15 associated associate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 16 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 17 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 18 optical optical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 19 densities density NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 20 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 21 ≥ ≥ CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 22 1.18 1.18 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 23 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 24 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 25 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 27 34 34 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 138 29 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 2 higher high JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 3 cut cut VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 4 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 5 off off RP cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 6 value value NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 7 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 8 BAL BAL NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 9 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 10 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 11 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 12 suggested suggest VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 13 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 14 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 15 authors author NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 16 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 17 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 18 comparison comparison NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 19 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 20 sera sera NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 22 32 32 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 24 33 33 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 139 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 1 False false JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 2 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 3 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 4 results result NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 5 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 6 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 7 observed observe VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 8 when when WRB cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 9 BAL BAL NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 10 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 11 tested test VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 12 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 13 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 15 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 16 colonised colonise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 17 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 18 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 19 species specie NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 20 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 21 particularly particularly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 22 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 23 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 24 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 26 32 32 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 29 Dr. Dr. NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 30 Pasqualotto Pasqualotto NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 31 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 32 unpublished unpublished JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 33 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 140 35 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 1 Although although IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 2 attractive attractive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 4 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 5 modern modern JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 6 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 7 tests test NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 8 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 9 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 10 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 11 systematically systematically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 12 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 13 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 14 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 15 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 16 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 17 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 18 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 19 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 20 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 141 21 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 2 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 4 β β NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 5 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 6 D d JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 7 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 8 glucan glucan JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 9 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 11 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 12 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 13 hampered hamper VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 14 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 15 false false JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 16 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 17 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 18 readings reading NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 20 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 21 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 22 albumin albumin NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 23 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 24 wound wound VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 25 gauze gauze NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 26 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 27 hemodialysis hemodialysis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 28 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 29 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 30 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 33 38 38 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 142 35 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 1 Galactomannan Galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 2 gives give VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 3 less less JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 4 falsepositive falsepositive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 5 results result NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 6 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 7 although although IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 9 presence presence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 10 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 11 β β NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 12 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 13 lactam lactam NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 14 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 15 such such JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 16 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 17 piperacillintazobactam piperacillintazobactam NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 18 may may MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 19 pose pose VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 20 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 21 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 22 problem problem NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 24 39 39 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 143 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 2 impact impact NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 4 piperacillin piperacillin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 5 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 6 tazobactam tazobactam NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 7 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 8 probably probably RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 9 reduced reduce VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 10 if if IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 11 GM GM NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 12 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 13 tested test VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 16 BAL bal NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 17 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 18 instead instead RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 19 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 20 sera sera NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 21 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 22 since since IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 23 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 24 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 144 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 145 1 3 3 LS cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 1 Chest chest NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 2 X x NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 3 - - NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 4 ray ray NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 5 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 6 CT CT NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 7 scan scan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 8 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 9 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 10 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 11 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 12 high high JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 13 dose dose NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 14 steroids steroid NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 15 because because IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 16 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 17 graft graft NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 18 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 19 versus versus IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 20 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 21 host host NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 22 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 23 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 24 months month NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 25 after after IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 26 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 27 stem stem NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 28 cell cell NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 29 transplantation transplantation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 30 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 31 acute acute JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 32 myeloid myeloid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 33 leukaemia leukaemia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 146 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 1 Chest chest NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 2 X x NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 3 - - NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 4 ray ray NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 5 reveals reveal VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 7 right right RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 8 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 9 sided sided JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 10 pleural pleural JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 11 effusion effusion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 12 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 13 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 14 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 15 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 147 16 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 1 CT CT NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 2 scan scan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 3 confirms confirm VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 5 right right JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 6 sided sided JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 7 complicated complicated JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 8 parapneumonic parapneumonic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 9 effusion effusion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 10 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 11 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 12 mass mass NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 13 filled fill VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 14 partially partially RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 15 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 16 air air NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 17 between between IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 18 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 19 4th 4th JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 20 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 21 5th 5th JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 22 rib rib NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 24 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 25 partial partial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 26 destruction destruction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 27 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 28 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 29 bone bone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 31 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 32 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 33 wedge wedge NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 34 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 35 shaped shape VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 36 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 37 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 38 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 39 left left JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 40 side side NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 148 41 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 3 culture culture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 4 specimen specimen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 5 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 7 pleural pleural JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 8 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 9 grew grow VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 10 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 11 fumigatus fumigatus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 149 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 1 Findings finding NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 2 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 3 compatible compatible JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 4 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 5 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 6 bronchopleural bronchopleural JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 7 fistula fistula NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 8 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 10 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 11 rupture rupture VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 13 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 14 cavitating cavitating JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 15 infiltrate infiltrate NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 17 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 18 bone bone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 150 19 destruction destruction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 151 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 151 2 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 152 1 4 4 LS cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 1 Chest chest NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 2 X x NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 3 - - NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 4 ray ray NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 5 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 6 CT CT NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 153 7 scan scan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 1 2 2 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 2 months month NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 3 post post VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 4 kidney kidney NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 5 transplantion transplantion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 6 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 7 end end JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 8 stage stage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 9 diabetes diabetes NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 154 10 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 1 Bilateral bilateral JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 2 lower low JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 3 lobe lobe NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 4 cavities cavity NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 5 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 6 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 7 pleural pleural JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 8 effusion effusion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 9 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 10 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 11 right right JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 12 side side NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 13 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 14 seen see VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 155 15 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 156 1 Transbronchial Transbronchial NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 156 2 biopsy biopsy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 156 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 156 4 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 156 5 fumigatus fumigatus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 156 6 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 1 Serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 2 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 3 BAL BAL NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 4 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 5 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 6 0.1 0.1 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 7 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 8 5.7 5.7 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 9 ng ng NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 10 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 11 ml ml NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 13 respectively respectively RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 157 14 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 1 Despite despite IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 2 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 3 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 4 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 5 patient patient NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 6 died die VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 8 proven prove VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 9 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 10 endocarditis endocarditis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 11 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 12 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 13 tricuspid tricuspid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 14 valve valve NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 15 lining line VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 16 fluid fluid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 17 concentration concentration NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 18 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 19 piperacillin piperacillin NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 20 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 21 about about IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 22 half half NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 23 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 24 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 25 serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 26 steady steady JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 27 state state NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 28 concentrations concentration NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 30 40 40 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 158 32 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 1 Thus thus RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 2 far far RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 4 no no DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 5 prospective prospective JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 6 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 7 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 8 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 9 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 10 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 11 available available JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 12 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 13 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 14 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 15 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 17 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 18 usefulness usefulness NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 19 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 20 combining combine VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 21 different different JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 22 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 23 test test NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 24 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 25 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 26 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 27 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 28 also also RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 29 unknown unknown JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 159 30 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 1 6 6 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 2 Antifungals Antifungals NNPS cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 3 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 4 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 5 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 7 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 8 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 9 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 11 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 12 options option NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 13 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 14 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 15 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 16 reviewed review VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 17 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 18 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 19 chapter chapter NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 20 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 21 Dr Dr NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 22 Marr Marr NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 160 23 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 2 summary summary NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 4 amphotericin amphotericin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 5 B B NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 6 deoxycholate deoxycholate NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 7 was be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 9 mainstay mainstay NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 10 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 12 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 13 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 14 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 15 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 16 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 17 long long JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 18 time time NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 161 19 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 1 However however RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 3 this this DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 4 formulation formulation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 5 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 6 infamous infamous JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 7 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 9 occurrence occurrence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 10 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 11 serious serious JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 12 side side NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 13 effects effect NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 15 e.g. e.g. RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 16 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 17 nephrotoxicity nephrotoxicity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 19 hypokalemia hypokalemia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 20 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 21 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 22 infusion infusion NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 23 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 24 related relate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 25 reactions reaction NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 162 27 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 1 These these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 2 events event NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 3 often often RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 4 result result VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 6 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 7 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 9 suboptimal suboptimal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 10 dosing dose VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 11 regimens regimen NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 163 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 1 Recently recently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 2 voriconazole voriconazole NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 5 derivative derivative NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 7 fluconazole fluconazole NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 8 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 9 has have VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 10 become become VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 12 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 13 standard standard NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 15 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 16 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 17 treating treat VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 18 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 20 41 41 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 164 22 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 1 Caspofungin Caspofungin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 3 micafungin micafungin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 4 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 5 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 6 anidulafungin anidulafungin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 7 belong belong VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 8 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 9 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 10 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 11 class class NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 13 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 14 drugs drug NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 15 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 16 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 17 echinocandins echinocandin NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 19 which which WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 20 act act VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 21 by by IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 22 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 23 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 24 synthesis synthesis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 25 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 26 ß-(1,3)-D ß-(1,3)-D NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 27 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 28 glucan glucan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 29 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 30 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 31 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 32 cell cell NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 33 wall wall NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 165 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 1 Echinocandins Echinocandins NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 2 display display NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 3 activity activity NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 4 against against IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 5 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 6 species specie NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 7 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 8 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 11 several several JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 12 salvage salvage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 13 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 14 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 15 but but CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 16 convincing convince VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 17 first first JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 18 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 19 line line NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 20 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 21 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 22 still still RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 23 lacking lack VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 166 24 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 1 However however RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 3 most most JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 4 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 5 recruited recruit VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 7 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 8 first first JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 9 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 11 second second JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 12 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 13 line line NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 14 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 15 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 16 suffered suffer VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 17 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 18 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 19 underlying underlying JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 20 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 21 disorder disorder NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 22 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 23 were be VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 24 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 25 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 167 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 1 Patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 2 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 3 baseline baseline JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 4 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 5 that that WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 6 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 7 commonly commonly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 8 seen see VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 9 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 11 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 12 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 13 usually usually RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 14 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 15 excluded exclude VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 16 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 17 these these DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 18 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 19 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 20 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 21 those those DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 22 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 23 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 24 function function NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 25 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 26 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 27 coagulation coagulation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 28 disorders disorder NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 29 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 30 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 31 renal renal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 32 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 33 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 34 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 35 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 36 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 37 need need NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 38 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 39 advanced advanced JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 40 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 41 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 42 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 43 support support NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 44 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 45 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 46 ventilation ventilation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 168 47 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 3 data datum NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 4 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 5 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 6 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 7 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 8 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 9 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 10 remain remain VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 11 anecdotal anecdotal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 169 12 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 2 addition addition NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 4 many many JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 5 aspects aspect NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 7 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 8 therapy therapy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 9 that that WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 10 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 11 relevant relevant JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 12 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 13 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 14 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 15 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 16 have have VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 17 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 18 been be VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 19 sufficiently sufficiently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 20 addressed address VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 21 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 23 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 24 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 25 including include VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 26 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 27 pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 28 profile profile NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 29 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 30 antifungals antifungal NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 31 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 32 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 33 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 34 underlying underlying JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 35 renal renal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 36 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 37 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 38 and/or and/or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 39 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 40 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 41 ; ; : cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 42 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 43 dose dose JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 44 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 45 response response NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 46 relationship relationship NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 47 ; ; : cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 48 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 49 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 50 best good JJS cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 51 route route NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 52 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 53 administration administration NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 55 oral oral JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 56 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 57 enteral enteral NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 58 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 59 or or CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 60 parenteral parenteral NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 170 62 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 1 For for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 2 instance instance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 3 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 5 recent recent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 6 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 7 showed show VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 8 found find VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 9 nasogastric nasogastric NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 10 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 11 gastric gastric JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 12 administration administration NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 13 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 14 voriconazole voriconazole NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 15 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 16 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 17 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 18 independent independent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 19 predictor predictor NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 20 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 21 undetectable undetectable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 22 voriconazole voriconazole NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 23 serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 24 concentrations concentration NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 26 42 42 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 171 28 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 1 Other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 2 important important JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 3 questions question NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 4 that that WDT cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 5 should should MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 6 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 7 better well RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 8 addressed address VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 9 include include VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 10 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 11 monitoring monitoring NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 13 drug drug NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 14 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 15 related relate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 16 toxicities toxicity NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 17 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 18 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 19 especially especially RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 20 drug drug NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 21 interactions interaction NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 22 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 23 frequently frequently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 24 used use VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 25 " " `` cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 26 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 27 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 28 drugs drug NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 29 " " '' cord-023873-fidpskcs 172 30 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 1 In in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 2 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 3 era era NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 5 increased increase VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 6 availability availability NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 8 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 9 immunosuppressive immunosuppressive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 10 drugs drug NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 11 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 12 better well JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 13 intensive intensive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 14 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 15 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 16 prolonged prolonged JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 17 survival survival NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 20 can can MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 21 expect expect VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 22 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 23 continuing continue VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 24 rise rise NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 25 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 26 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 27 incidence incidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 28 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 29 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 173 30 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 2 occurrence occurrence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 3 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 4 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 5 usually usually RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 6 entails entail VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 7 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 8 poor poor JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 9 prognosis prognosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 10 despite despite IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 11 major major JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 12 recent recent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 13 improvements improvement NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 15 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 16 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 17 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 18 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 19 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 20 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 21 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 22 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 23 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 24 haematological haematological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 25 diseases disease NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 174 26 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 1 Multicenter multicenter JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 2 studies study NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 3 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 4 warranted warrant VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 5 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 6 explore explore VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 7 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 8 exact exact JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 9 incidence incidence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 10 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 11 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 12 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 13 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 14 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 16 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 17 better better RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 18 delineate delineate VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 19 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 20 difference difference NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 21 between between IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 22 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 23 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 24 acquired acquire VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 25 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 26 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 27 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 28 acquired acquire VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 29 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 30 community community NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 31 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 32 acquired acquire VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 33 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 175 34 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 1 Evaluating evaluate VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 3 value value NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 5 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 6 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 7 β β NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 8 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 9 D D NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 10 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 11 glucan glucan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 12 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 13 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 14 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 15 non non JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 16 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 17 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 18 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 19 ill ill VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 20 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 21 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 22 different different JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 23 sample sample NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 24 types type NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 26 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 27 especially especially RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 28 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 30 samples sample NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 32 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 33 urgently urgently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 34 needed need VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 35 as as RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 36 well well RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 37 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 38 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 39 better well JJR cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 40 delineation delineation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 41 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 42 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 43 patient patient JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 44 population population NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 45 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 46 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 47 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 48 IA IA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 49 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 50 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 51 broad broad JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 52 group group NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 53 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 54 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 55 ill ill JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 56 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 176 57 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 1 Finally finally RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 3 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 4 pharmacokinetics pharmacokinetic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 5 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 6 pharmacodynamics pharmacodynamic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 7 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 8 interactions interaction NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 9 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 10 other other JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 11 drugs drug NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 12 need need VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 13 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 14 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 15 explored explore VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 16 more more RBR cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 17 thoroughly thoroughly RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 177 18 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 2 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 3 all all DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 4 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 5 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 6 techniques technique NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 7 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 8 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 9 measures measure NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 10 must must MD cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 11 be be VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 12 validated validate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 13 against against IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 14 post post JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 15 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 16 mortem mortem JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 17 findings finding NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 19 since since IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 20 only only RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 21 proven prove VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 22 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 23 offer offer VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 24 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 25 most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 26 valuable valuable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 27 information information NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 178 28 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 1 Trends trend NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 2 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 3 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 4 postmortem postmortem JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 5 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 7 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 8 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 9 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 10 at at IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 11 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 12 university university NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 13 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 14 Revised revise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 15 definitions definition NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 16 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 17 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 18 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 19 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 20 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 21 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 22 European European NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 23 Organization Organization NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 24 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 25 Research Research NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 26 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 27 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 28 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 29 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 30 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 31 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 32 Fungal Fungal NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 33 Infections Infections NNPS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 34 Cooperative Cooperative NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 35 Group Group NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 36 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 37 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 38 Comparison Comparison NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 39 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 40 premortem premortem NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 41 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 42 diagnoses diagnosis NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 43 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 44 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 45 iII iii CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 46 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 47 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 48 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 49 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 50 findings finding NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 51 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 52 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 53 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 54 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 55 ill ill JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 56 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 57 without without IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 58 malignancy malignancy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 59 Post post NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 60 mortem mortem NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 61 examination examination NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 62 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 63 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 64 intensive intensive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 65 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 66 unit unit NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 67 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 68 still still RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 69 useful useful JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 179 70 ? ? . cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 1 Duration duration NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 2 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 3 hypotension hypotension NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 4 before before IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 5 initiation initiation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 7 effective effective JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 8 antimicrobial antimicrobial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 9 therapy therapy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 10 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 11 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 12 critical critical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 13 determinant determinant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 15 survival survival NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 16 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 17 human human JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 18 septic septic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 19 shock shock NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 20 Clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 21 relevance relevance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 22 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 23 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 24 isolation isolation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 25 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 27 tract tract NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 28 samples sample NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 29 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 30 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 31 ill ill JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 180 32 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 2 7-year 7-year CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 3 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 4 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 5 severe severe JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 6 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 7 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 8 acquired acquire VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 9 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 10 requiring require VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 11 ICU ICU NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 12 admission admission NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 13 Comparison comparison NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 14 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 15 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 16 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 17 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 18 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 19 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 20 biological biological JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 21 features feature NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 22 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 23 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 24 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 25 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 26 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 27 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 28 nonneutropenic nonneutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 29 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 30 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 31 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 32 6-year 6-year NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 33 survey survey NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 34 Galactomannan Galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 35 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 36 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 37 lavage lavage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 38 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 39 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 40 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 41 tool tool NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 42 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 43 diagnosing diagnose VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 44 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 45 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 46 intensive intensive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 47 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 48 unit unit NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 49 patients patient VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 50 Immunoparalysis Immunoparalysis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 51 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 52 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 53 cause cause NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 54 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 55 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 56 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 181 57 ? ? . cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 1 Effect effect NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 2 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 3 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 4 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 5 low low JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 6 doses dose NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 7 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 8 hydrocortisone hydrocortisone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 9 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 10 fludrocortisone fludrocortisone NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 11 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 12 mortality mortality NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 13 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 14 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 15 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 16 septic septic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 17 shock shock NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 18 Glucocorticoids Glucocorticoids NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 19 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 20 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 21 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 182 22 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 1 Corticosteroid corticosteroid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 2 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 3 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 4 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 5 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 6 factor factor NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 7 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 8 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 9 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 10 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 11 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 12 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 13 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 14 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 15 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 16 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 18 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 19 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 20 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 21 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 22 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 23 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 24 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 25 benefits benefit NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 26 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 27 intensive intensive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 28 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 183 29 ? ? . cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 1 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 3 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 4 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 5 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 6 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 7 chronic chronic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 8 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 10 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 11 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 12 report report NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 13 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 14 eight eight CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 15 cases case NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 16 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 17 review review VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 18 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 19 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 20 Aspergillosis Aspergillosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 22 IPA IPA NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 24 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 25 Patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 26 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 27 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 184 28 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 2 Description description NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 4 57 57 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 5 48th 48th NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 6 Interscience Interscience NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 7 Conference Conference NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 8 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 9 Antimicrobial Antimicrobial NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 10 Agents Agents NNPS cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 11 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 12 Chemotherapy Chemotherapy NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 13 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 14 Obstructive obstructive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 15 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 16 Disease Disease NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 18 COPD COPD NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 20 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 21 Currently currently RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 22 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 23 Most most RBS cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 24 Common common JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 25 Predisposing Predisposing NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 26 Condition condition NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 27 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 28 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 29 Aspergillosis Aspergillosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 30 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 31 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 32 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 33 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 34 " " `` cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 35 healthy healthy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 36 " " '' cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 37 patient patient JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 38 Infectious infectious JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 39 complications complication NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 40 associated associate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 41 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 42 alemtuzumab alemtuzumab JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 43 use use NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 44 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 45 lymphoproliferative lymphoproliferative JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 46 disorders disorder NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 47 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 48 wound wind VBD cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 49 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 50 following follow VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 51 laparostomy laparostomy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 52 Post post JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 53 - - JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 54 operative operative JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 55 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 56 Unusual unusual JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 57 cause cause NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 58 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 59 lethal lethal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 60 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 61 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 62 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 63 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 64 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 65 chronic chronic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 66 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 67 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 185 68 disease disease NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 1 Nosocomial nosocomial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 2 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 3 is be VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 4 waterborne waterborne JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 5 Differences difference NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 6 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 7 patterns pattern NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 8 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 9 infection infection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 10 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 11 inflammation inflammation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 12 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 13 corticosteroid corticosteroid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 14 treatment treatment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 16 chemotherapy chemotherapy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 17 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 18 experimental experimental JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 19 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 21 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 22 Invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 23 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 24 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 25 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 26 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 27 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 28 hematologic hematologic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 29 malignancies malignancy NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 30 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 31 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 32 tertiary tertiary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 33 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 34 cancer cancer NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 35 center center NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 36 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 37 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 38 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 39 study study NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 40 over over IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 41 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 42 15-year 15-year JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 43 period period NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 44 Imaging Imaging NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 45 findings finding NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 46 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 47 acute acute JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 48 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 49 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 50 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 51 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 52 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 53 significance significance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 54 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 55 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 56 halo halo NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 57 sign sign NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 58 Isolation isolation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 59 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 60 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 61 spp spp NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 186 62 . . . cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 1 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 2 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 4 tract tract NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 5 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 6 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 7 ill ill JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 8 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 9 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 10 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 11 factors factor NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 12 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 14 presentation presentation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 15 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 16 outcome outcome NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 17 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 18 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 19 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 20 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 21 using use VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 22 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 23 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 24 assay assay NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 25 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 26 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 27 meta meta JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 28 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 29 analysis analysis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 30 Prospective prospective JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 31 assessment assessment NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 32 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 33 Platelia Platelia NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 34 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 35 galactomannan galactomannan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 36 antigen antigen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 37 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 38 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 39 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 40 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 41 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 42 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 43 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 44 lung lung NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 45 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 46 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 47 Efficacy Efficacy NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 48 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 49 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 50 antigen antigen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 51 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 52 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 53 Platelia Platelia NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 54 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 55 enzyme enzyme NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 56 immunoassay immunoassay NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 57 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 58 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 59 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 60 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 61 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 62 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 63 liver liver NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 64 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 65 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 66 Bronchoalveolar Bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 67 lavage lavage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 68 galactomannan galactomannan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 69 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 70 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 71 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 72 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 73 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 74 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 75 among among IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 76 solid solid JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 77 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 78 organ organ NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 79 transplant transplant NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 80 recipients recipient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 81 Performance performance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 82 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 83 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 84 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 85 platelia platelia NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 86 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 87 enzyme enzyme NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 88 immunoassay immunoassay NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 89 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 90 detection detection NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 91 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 92 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 93 galactomannan galactomannan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 94 antigen antigen NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 95 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 96 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 97 lavage lavage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 98 fluid fluid NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 99 Use Use NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 100 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 101 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 102 lavage lavage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 103 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 104 detect detect VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 105 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 106 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 107 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 108 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 109 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 110 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 111 among among IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 112 nonimmunocompromised nonimmunocompromise VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 187 113 hosts host NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 1 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 2 bad bad JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 3 bug bug NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 4 takes take VBZ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 5 on on RP cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 6 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 7 new new JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 8 role role NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 9 as as IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 10 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 11 cause cause NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 12 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 13 ventilator ventilator NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 14 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 15 associated associate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 16 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 17 Pathogenesis Pathogenesis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 18 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 19 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 20 fumigatus fumigatus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 21 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 22 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 23 kinetics kinetics NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 24 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 25 galactomannan galactomannan NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 26 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 27 an an DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 28 in in FW cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 29 vitro vitro FW cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 30 model model NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 31 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 32 early early JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 33 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 34 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 35 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 36 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 37 implications implication NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 38 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 39 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 40 therapy therapy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 41 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 42 galactomannan galactomannan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 43 testing testing NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 44 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 45 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 46 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 47 long long JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 48 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 49 term term NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 50 neutropenia neutropenia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 188 51 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 1 implications implication NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 2 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 3 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 4 management management NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 5 Serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 6 glucan glucan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 7 levels level NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 8 are be VBP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 9 not not RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 10 specific specific JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 11 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 12 presence presence NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 13 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 14 fungal fungal JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 15 infections infection NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 16 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 17 intensive intensive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 18 care care NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 19 unit unit NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 20 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 21 False false JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 22 positive positive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 23 test test NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 24 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 25 Aspergillus Aspergillus NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 26 antigenemia antigenemia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 27 related relate VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 28 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 29 concomitant concomitant JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 30 administration administration NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 31 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 32 piperacillin piperacillin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 33 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 34 tazobactam tazobactam NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 35 Steady steady JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 36 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 37 state state NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 38 plasma plasma NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 39 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 40 intrapulmonary intrapulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 41 concentrations concentration NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 42 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 43 piperacillin piperacillin NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 44 / / SYM cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 45 tazobactam tazobactam NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 46 4 4 CD cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 47 g/0.5 g/0.5 NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 48 g g XX cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 49 administered administer VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 50 to to TO cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 51 critically critically RB cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 52 ill ill VB cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 53 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 54 with with IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 55 severe severe JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 56 nosocomial nosocomial JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 57 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 58 Voriconazole Voriconazole NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 59 versus versus IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 60 amphotericin amphotericin NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 61 B b NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 62 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 63 primary primary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 64 therapy therapy NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 65 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 66 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 67 aspergillosis aspergillosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 68 Clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 69 Risk Risk NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 70 Factors Factors NNPS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 71 for for IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 72 Undetectable undetectable JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 73 Voriconazole Voriconazole NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 74 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 75 V v NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 76 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 77 Serum serum NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 78 Concentrations Concentrations NNPS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 79 voriconazole voriconazole NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 80 level level NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 81 , , , cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 82 risk risk NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 83 factors factor NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 84 Improved improve VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 85 management management NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 86 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 87 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 88 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 89 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 90 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 91 neutropenic neutropenic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 92 patients patient NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 93 using use VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 94 early early JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 95 thoracic thoracic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 96 computed compute VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 97 tomographic tomographic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 98 scan scan NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 99 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 189 100 surgery surgery NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 1 The the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 2 impact impact NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 3 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 4 culture culture NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 5 isolation isolation NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 6 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 7 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 8 species specie NNS cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 9 : : : cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 10 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 11 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 12 - - HYPH cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 13 based base VBN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 14 survey survey NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 15 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 16 aspergillosis aspergillosis NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 17 Workload Workload NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 18 due due IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 19 to to IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 20 Aspergillus aspergillus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 21 fumigatus fumigatus NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 22 and and CC cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 23 significance significance NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 24 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 25 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 26 organism organism NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 27 in in IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 28 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 29 microbiology microbiology NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 30 laboratory laboratory NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 31 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 32 a a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 33 general general JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 34 hospital hospital NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 35 A a DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 36 systematic systematic JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 37 literature literature NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 38 review review NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 39 on on IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 40 the the DT cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 41 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 42 of of IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 43 invasive invasive JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 44 aspergillosis aspergillosis NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 45 using use VBG cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 46 polymerase polymerase NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 47 chain chain NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 48 reaction reaction NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 50 PCR PCR NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 52 from from IN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 53 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 54 lavage lavage NN cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 55 clinical clinical JJ cord-023873-fidpskcs 190 56 samples sample NNS