id sid tid token lemma pos cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 1 1 key key NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 1 2 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 1 cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 2 authors author NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 3 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 4 Odusanya Odusanya NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 5 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 6 Kayode Kayode NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 7 ; ; : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 8 Adetutu Adetutu NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 9 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 2 10 Morakinyo Morakinyo NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 1 title title NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 2 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 3 Exploring explore VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 5 Determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 7 Internet Internet NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 8 Usage Usage NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 9 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 10 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 11 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 12 A a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 13 Micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 14 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 15 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 16 Approach Approach NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 17 date date NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 18 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 19 2020 2020 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 20 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 21 03 03 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 22 - - SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 23 10 10 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 24 journal journal NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 3 25 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 1 Responsible responsible JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 2 Design Design NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 4 Implementation implementation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 6 Use Use NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 7 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 8 Information Information NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 9 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 10 Communication Communication NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 11 Technology Technology NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 12 DOI DOI NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 4 13 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 1 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 LS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 2 - - SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 3 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 4 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 5 030 030 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 6 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 7 45002 45002 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 8 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 9 1_26 1_26 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 10 sha sha NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 5 11 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 6 1 18eebbffbf5d736043232a10177bdd14977bddc5 18eebbffbf5d736043232a10177bdd14977bddc5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 6 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 6 3 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 6 4 20199 20199 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 6 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 6 6 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 7 1 rm0c2vu9 rm0c2vu9 NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 2 dearth dearth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 3 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 4 Information Information NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 5 Communication Communication NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 6 Technology Technology NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 8 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 10 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 11 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 13 Sub Sub NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 14 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 15 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 16 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 17 region region NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 18 underscores underscore VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 20 argument argument NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 21 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 22 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 23 spread spread NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 24 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 25 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 26 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 27 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 28 foster foster VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 29 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 30 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 31 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 32 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 33 region region NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 8 34 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 4 aim aim NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 6 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 7 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 8 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 9 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 10 present present VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 11 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 12 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 14 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 16 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 17 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 18 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 19 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 20 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 21 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 22 Saharan saharan JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 23 African african JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 24 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 9 25 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 1 Drawing draw VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 2 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 3 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 4 dataset dataset NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 6 households household NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 7 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 8 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 9 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 10 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 11 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 12 presents present VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 13 findings finding NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 14 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 16 demographic demographic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 17 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 18 socio socio JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 19 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 20 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 22 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 23 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 24 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 25 predict predict VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 26 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 27 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 28 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 29 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 10 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 2 novelty novelty NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 3 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 4 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 5 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 6 stems stem VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 7 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 8 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 9 unique unique JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 10 dataset dataset NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 11 constructed construct VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 12 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 13 matching match VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 14 geo geo NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 15 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 16 referenced reference VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 17 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 18 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 19 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 20 inventory inventory NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 22 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 23 equipment equipment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 24 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 25 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 26 nationally nationally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 27 representative representative JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 28 street street NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 29 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 30 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 31 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 32 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 33 over over IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 34 20,000 20,000 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 35 Nigerians Nigerians NNPS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 36 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 37 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 38 far far RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 39 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 40 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 41 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 42 largest large JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 43 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 44 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 45 surveys survey NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 46 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 47 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 48 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 49 Saharan saharan JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 50 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 51 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 52 date date NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 53 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 54 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 55 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 56 systems system NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 57 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 11 58 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 2 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 3 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 4 discussed discuss VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 6 concluding conclude VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 7 remarks remark NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 8 highlighting highlight VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 9 next next JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 10 steps step NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 11 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 12 made make VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 12 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 1 Internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 2 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 3 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 4 perhaps perhaps RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 5 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 8 most most RBS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 9 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 10 indicators indicator NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 12 human human JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 13 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 14 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 15 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 13 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 2 fosters foster VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 3 productivity productivity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 4 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 5 innovation innovation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 7 Avgerou Avgerou NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 8 2008 2008 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 9 ; ; : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 10 Paunov Paunov NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 11 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 12 Rollo Rollo NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 13 2016 2016 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 15 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 16 social social JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 17 interactions interaction NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 19 Liang Liang NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 20 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 21 Guo Guo NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 22 2015 2015 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 24 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 25 reduces reduce VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 26 communication communication NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 27 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 28 search search NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 29 costs cost NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 31 Beard Beard NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 32 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 33 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 34 . . NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 35 2012 2012 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 14 37 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 1 Yet yet RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 3 there there EX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 4 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 6 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 7 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 8 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 10 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 13 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 14 among among IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 15 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 16 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 17 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 18 especially especially RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 19 those those DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 20 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 21 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 22 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 23 Saharan saharan JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 24 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 26 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 28 compared compare VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 29 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 30 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 31 rest rest NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 32 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 33 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 34 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 15 35 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 1 Within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 2 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 5 lack lack NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 7 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 8 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 9 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 10 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 11 recognized recognize VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 12 barrier barrier NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 13 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 15 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 16 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 17 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 18 communication communication NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 19 technologies technology NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 21 ICTs ICTs NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 16 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 2 Afolayan Afolayan NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 3 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 4 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 5 . . NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 6 2015 2015 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 17 8 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 2 argument argument NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 3 seems seem VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 4 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 5 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 6 supported support VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 7 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 8 regional regional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 9 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 10 statistics statistic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 12 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 13 shown show VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 14 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 15 Fig Fig NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 18 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 1 1 1 LS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 2 where where WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 3 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 4 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 5 portrayed portray VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 6 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 7 have have VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 9 lowest low JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 10 levels level NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 13 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 14 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 15 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 16 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 17 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 18 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 19 capita capita NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 21 relative relative JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 22 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 23 other other JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 24 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 25 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 26 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 27 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 19 28 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 1 While while IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 2 previous previous JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 3 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 4 have have VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 5 shed shed VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 6 light light NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 7 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 9 regional regional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 10 variation variation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 11 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 13 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 14 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 15 focusing focus VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 16 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 18 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 20 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 21 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 22 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 23 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 24 context context NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 25 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 26 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 27 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 28 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 29 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 30 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 32 e.g. e.g. DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 33 Oyelaran Oyelaran NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 34 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 35 Oyeyinka Oyeyinka NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 36 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 37 Lal Lal NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 38 2005 2005 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 39 ; ; : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 40 Chinn Chinn NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 41 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 42 Fairlie Fairlie NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 43 2010 2010 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 45 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 46 these these DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 47 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 48 often often RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 49 employ employ VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 50 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 51 measures measure NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 52 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 53 proxies proxy NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 55 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 56 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 57 fixed fix VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 58 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 59 lines line NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 60 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 61 sq sq NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 20 62 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 1 km km NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 3 main main JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 4 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 5 lines line NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 6 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 7 capita capita NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 8 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 9 etc etc FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 10 . . FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 13 thereby thereby RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 14 overlooking overlook VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 16 peculiar peculiar JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 17 nature nature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 19 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 20 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 21 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 22 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 23 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 24 region region NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 21 25 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 1 More more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 2 specifically specifically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 5 note note VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 6 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 7 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 8 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 9 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 11 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 12 region region NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 13 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 14 undertaken undertake VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 15 mainly mainly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 16 via via IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 17 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 18 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 19 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 21 rather rather RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 22 than than IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 23 fixed fix VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 24 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 25 line line NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 26 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 22 27 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 1 Thus thus RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 3 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 4 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 5 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 6 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 8 draw draw VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 9 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 10 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 11 unique unique JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 12 dataset dataset NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 13 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 14 combines combine VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 15 geo geo NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 16 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 17 referenced reference VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 19 longitude longitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 20 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 21 latitude latitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 23 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 24 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 25 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 26 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 27 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 28 4 4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 29 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 30 wireless wireless NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 31 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 32 equipment equipment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 33 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 34 examine examine VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 35 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 36 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 37 predict predict VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 38 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 39 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 40 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 41 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 42 Nigeriaa Nigeriaa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 43 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 44 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 45 Saharan saharan JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 46 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 23 47 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 4 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 5 offers offer VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 6 two two CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 7 potential potential JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 8 contributions contribution NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 9 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 11 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 24 12 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 1 First first RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 3 unlike unlike IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 4 previous previous JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 5 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 6 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 8 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 9 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 10 measure measure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 12 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 13 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 14 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 15 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 16 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 17 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 18 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 19 nature nature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 21 i.e. i.e. FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 22 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 24 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 25 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 26 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 27 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 28 density density NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 29 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 30 concentration concentration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 31 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 32 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 33 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 34 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 35 4 4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 36 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 37 equipment equipment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 38 around around IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 39 each each DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 40 household household NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 41 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 42 dwelling dwelling NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 43 over over IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 44 specified specify VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 45 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 46 domains domain NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 25 47 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 1 To to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 2 achieve achieve VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 4 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 6 match match VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 7 street street NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 8 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 9 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 10 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 11 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 13 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 14 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 15 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 17 Global Global NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 18 Positioning Positioning NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 19 System System NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 21 GPS GPS NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 23 coordinates coordinate VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 24 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 25 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 26 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 27 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 28 4 4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 29 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 30 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 31 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 26 32 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 2 microspatial microspatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 3 approach approach NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 4 renders render VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 5 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 6 nuanced nuanced JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 7 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 8 invaluable invaluable JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 9 insights insight NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 10 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 11 whether whether IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 12 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 13 how how WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 14 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 15 proximity proximity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 16 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 17 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 18 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 19 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 20 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 21 connection connection NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 22 shapes shape VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 23 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 24 decisions decision NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 25 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 26 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 27 local local JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 28 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 27 29 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 1 Afterall afterall UH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 3 without without IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 4 connectivity connectivity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 5 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 7 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 8 practically practically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 9 impossible impossible JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 10 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 11 adopt adopt VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 12 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 13 use use VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 14 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 15 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 28 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 4 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 5 approach approach NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 6 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 7 embodies embody VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 9 reality reality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 10 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 11 signal signal VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 12 quality quality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 13 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 14 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 15 key key JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 16 determinant determinant NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 18 actual actual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 19 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 20 behaviour behaviour NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 21 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 22 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 23 shaped shape VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 24 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 25 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 26 physical physical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 27 proximity proximity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 28 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 29 users user NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 30 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 31 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 29 32 connections connection NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 30 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 30 2 Neto Neto NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 30 3 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 30 4 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 30 5 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 1 2005 2005 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 2 ; ; : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 3 DeStefano DeStefano NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 4 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 5 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 6 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 7 2018 2018 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 31 9 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 1 Hence hence RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 3 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 4 addition addition NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 5 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 6 treating treat VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 8 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 9 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 11 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 12 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 13 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 14 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 15 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 16 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 17 measure measure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 19 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 20 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 21 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 23 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 24 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 25 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 26 quality quality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 27 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 28 weighted weighted JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 29 indicator indicator NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 30 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 31 enriches enrich VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 32 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 33 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 32 34 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 1 Second second RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 4 focus focus NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 5 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 6 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 7 provides provide VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 8 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 9 plausible plausible JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 10 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 11 timely timely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 12 case case NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 13 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 14 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 16 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 18 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 19 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 20 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 21 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 22 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 23 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 24 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 25 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 26 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 27 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 28 broader broad JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 29 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 30 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 31 context context NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 33 32 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 1 Given give VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 2 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 4 accounts account VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 5 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 7 largest large JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 8 proportion proportion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 10 18 18 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 11 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 13 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 15 entire entire JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 16 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 17 region region NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 18 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 19 1.03 1.03 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 20 billion billion CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 21 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 23 World World NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 24 Development Development NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 25 Indicators Indicators NNPS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 26 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 27 2018 2018 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 29 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 30 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 31 would would MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 32 argue argue VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 33 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 34 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 35 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 36 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 37 most most RBS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 38 representative representative JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 39 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 40 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 41 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 42 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 43 region region NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 34 44 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 3 ITU ITU NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 4 estimates estimate NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 5 indicate indicate VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 6 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 7 more more JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 8 than than IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 9 90 90 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 10 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 13 youth youth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 14 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 15 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 16 developed develop VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 17 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 18 use use VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 20 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 21 compared compare VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 22 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 23 30 30 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 24 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 25 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 26 less less RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 27 developed developed JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 28 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 29 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 30 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 31 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 35 32 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 1 Considering consider VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 2 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 4 proportion proportion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 6 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 7 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 8 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 9 below below IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 10 40 40 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 11 years year NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 12 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 13 projected project VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 14 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 15 reach reach VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 16 81 81 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 17 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 18 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 19 2030 2030 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 21 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 22 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 23 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 24 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 25 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 26 have have VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 27 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 28 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 29 role role NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 30 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 31 shaping shape VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 32 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 33 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 34 participation participation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 35 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 36 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 37 increasingly increasingly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 38 digitalized digitalized JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 39 future future JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 40 economy economy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 36 41 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 1 Finally finally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 3 despite despite IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 4 growing grow VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 5 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 6 become become VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 7 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 8 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 9 largest large JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 10 economy economy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 11 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 12 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 13 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 15 major major JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 16 emerging emerge VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 17 economies economy NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 18 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 20 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 21 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 22 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 23 epitomizes epitomize VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 25 co co JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 26 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 27 existing existing JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 28 low low JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 29 levels level NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 30 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 31 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 32 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 33 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 34 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 35 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 36 deficit deficit NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 38 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 39 Economist Economist NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 40 2016 2016 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 37 42 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 2 remainder remainder NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 3 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 4 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 5 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 6 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 7 organized organize VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 8 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 9 follows follow NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 38 10 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 39 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 39 2 Sect Sect NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 39 3 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 1 2 2 LS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 4 undertake undertake VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 6 critical critical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 7 review review NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 9 related related JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 10 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 11 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 13 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 14 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 15 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 16 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 40 17 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 2 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 3 followed follow VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 4 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 6 model model NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 7 specification specification NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 8 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 10 methods method NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 11 section section NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 41 12 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 42 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 42 2 Sect Sect NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 42 3 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 1 5 5 LS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 4 discuss discuss VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 6 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 7 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 8 conclude conclude VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 9 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 10 Sect Sect NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 43 11 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 1 6 6 LS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 2 highlighting highlight VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 3 next next JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 4 steps step NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 6 expected expect VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 7 contributions contribution NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 9 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 10 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 11 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 13 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 14 systems system NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 15 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 16 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 17 policy policy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 44 18 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 2 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 3 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 4 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 5 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 6 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 7 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 8 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 9 large large JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 45 10 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 3 due due IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 4 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 5 space space NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 6 constraints constraint NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 7 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 9 goal goal NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 11 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 12 review review NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 13 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 14 not not RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 15 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 16 present present VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 17 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 18 extensive extensive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 19 discussion discussion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 20 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 21 existing exist VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 22 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 46 23 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 1 Rather rather RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 4 highlight highlight VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 6 gap gap NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 7 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 9 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 11 proxy proxy JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 12 measures measure NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 13 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 14 accounting account VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 15 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 16 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 17 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 47 18 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 1 A a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 2 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 3 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 4 review review NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 5 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 6 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 7 found find VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 8 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 9 Cardona Cardona NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 10 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 11 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 48 12 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 49 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 49 2 2013 2013 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 49 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 49 4 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 1 A a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 2 dominant dominant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 3 strand strand NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 4 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 6 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 7 pertains pertain VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 8 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 9 cross cross VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 10 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 11 country country JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 12 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 13 aimed aim VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 14 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 15 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 17 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 19 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 20 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 22 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 23 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 25 context context NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 26 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 27 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 28 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 29 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 30 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 31 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 32 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 50 33 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 1 One one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 2 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 3 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 4 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 5 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 6 Dasgupta Dasgupta NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 7 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 8 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 51 9 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 2 2005 2005 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 4 who who WP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 5 investigated investigate VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 7 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 9 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 10 intensity intensity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 13 subscriptions subscription NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 14 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 15 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 16 mainline mainline NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 18 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 19 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 20 cross cross NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 21 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 22 sample sample NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 23 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 24 44 44 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 25 OECD OECD NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 26 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 27 developed develop VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 28 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 52 29 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 3 Chinn Chinn NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 4 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 5 Fairlie Fairlie NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 7 2007 2007 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 9 provide provide VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 10 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 11 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 12 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 13 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 14 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 15 using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 16 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 17 larger large JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 18 sample sample NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 20 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 21 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 22 panel panel NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 23 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 24 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 25 161 161 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 26 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 27 over over IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 28 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 29 1999 1999 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 30 - - SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 31 2001 2001 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 32 period period NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 53 33 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 2 control control VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 3 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 4 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 5 range range NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 7 macro macro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 8 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 9 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 10 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 11 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 12 telecoms telecoms NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 13 prices price NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 14 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 15 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 16 capita capita NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 17 income income NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 18 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 19 education education NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 21 age age NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 22 structure structure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 23 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 24 urbanization urbanization NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 25 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 26 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 27 environment environment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 28 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 29 etc etc FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 54 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 1 Although although IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 2 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 3 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 4 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 5 controls control VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 6 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 7 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 8 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 9 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 11 reliance reliance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 12 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 13 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 14 density density NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 15 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 16 not not RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 17 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 18 applicable applicable JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 19 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 20 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 21 African african JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 22 context context NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 55 23 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 1 Other other JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 2 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 3 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 4 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 5 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 6 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 7 use use VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 8 large large JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 9 cross cross JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 10 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 11 country country JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 12 samples sample NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 13 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 14 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 15 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 16 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 18 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 20 e.g. e.g. IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 21 Chinn Chinn NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 22 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 23 Fairlie Fairlie NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 24 2010 2010 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 56 26 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 1 A a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 2 few few JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 3 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 4 however however RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 5 focus focus VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 6 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 7 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 8 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 9 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 10 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 11 specific specific JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 12 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 13 - - NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 14 groups group NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 15 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 16 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 18 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 19 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 20 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 21 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 57 22 OECD OECD NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 2 Lin Lin NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 3 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 4 Wu Wu NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 5 2013 2013 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 7 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 8 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 9 Americas Americas NNPS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 11 Galperin Galperin NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 12 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 13 Ruzzier Ruzzier NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 14 2013 2013 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 16 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 17 APEC APEC NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 19 Liu Liu NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 20 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 21 San San NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 22 2006 2006 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 24 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 25 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 27 Oyelaran Oyelaran NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 28 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 29 Oyeyinka Oyeyinka NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 30 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 31 Lal Lal NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 32 2005 2005 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 34 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 35 Asia Asia NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 37 Feng Feng NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 38 2015 2015 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 58 40 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 1 Greenstein Greenstein NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 2 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 3 Spiller Spiller NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 5 1995 1995 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 7 investigate investigate VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 9 impact impact NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 11 telecommunication telecommunication NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 12 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 14 measured measure VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 15 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 17 amount amount NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 19 fiber fiber NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 20 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 21 optic optic NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 22 cables cable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 23 employed employ VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 24 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 25 local local JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 26 exchange exchange NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 27 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 28 companies company NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 30 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 31 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 32 growth growth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 33 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 34 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 35 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 36 Roller Roller NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 37 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 38 Waverman Waverman NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 40 2001 2001 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 42 investigate investigate VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 43 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 44 linkages linkage NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 45 between between IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 46 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 47 investment investment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 48 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 49 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 50 growth growth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 51 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 52 21 21 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 53 OECD OECD NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 54 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 55 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 56 14 14 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 57 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 58 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 59 during during IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 60 1970 1970 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 61 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 62 1990 1990 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 59 63 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 1 More More JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 2 recent recent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 3 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 4 have have VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 5 focused focus VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 6 specifically specifically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 7 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 9 impact impact NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 11 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 12 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 60 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 2 instance instance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 4 Czernich Czernich NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 5 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 6 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 61 7 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 2 2011 2011 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 4 investigated investigate VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 6 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 7 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 8 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 9 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 10 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 11 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 12 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 13 growth growth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 14 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 15 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 16 panel panel NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 18 OECD OECD NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 19 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 20 over over IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 21 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 22 period period NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 24 1996 1996 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 62 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 63 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 63 2 1997 1997 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 63 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 63 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 63 5 1998 1998 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 63 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 2 1999 1999 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 5 2000 2000 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 8 2001 2001 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 64 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 2 2002 2002 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 5 2003 2003 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 8 2004 2004 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 11 2005 2005 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 65 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 2 2006 2006 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 5 2007 2007 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 66 7 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 1 However however RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 4 model model VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 5 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 6 relationship relationship NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 7 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 8 analyzing analyze VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 9 how how WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 10 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 11 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 13 proxied proxie VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 14 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 15 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 16 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 18 shifts shift VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 20 growth growth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 21 parameter parameter NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 22 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 23 technological technological JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 24 progress progress NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 25 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 26 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 27 macroeconomic macroeconomic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 28 production production NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 29 function function NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 30 setting set VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 67 31 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 1 Tranos Tranos NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 3 2012 2012 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 5 explored explore VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 7 causal causal JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 8 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 9 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 10 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 11 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 13 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 14 backbone backbone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 15 capacity capacity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 17 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 18 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 19 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 20 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 21 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 22 European european JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 23 city city NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 24 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 25 over over IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 26 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 27 period period NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 28 2001 2001 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 29 - - SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 30 2006 2006 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 31 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 32 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 33 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 34 found find VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 35 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 36 stimulate stimulate VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 37 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 38 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 68 39 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 1 Three three CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 2 important important JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 3 observation observation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 4 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 5 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 6 gleaned glean VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 7 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 9 above above JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 10 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 11 review review NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 69 12 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 1 First first RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 4 cross cross NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 5 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 6 country country JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 7 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 8 tend tend VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 9 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 10 focus focus VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 11 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 13 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 14 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 15 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 16 attempting attempt VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 17 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 18 explain explain VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 19 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 20 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 22 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 23 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 24 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 25 changes change NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 26 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 27 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 28 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 29 social social JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 30 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 31 demographic demographic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 32 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 33 regulatory regulatory JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 34 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 35 institutional institutional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 36 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 70 37 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 1 Even even RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 2 when when WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 3 these these DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 4 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 5 attempt attempt VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 6 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 7 account account VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 8 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 10 role role NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 12 telecoms telecoms NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 13 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 14 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 16 do do VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 17 so so RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 18 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 19 using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 20 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 21 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 22 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 23 personal personal JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 24 computers computer NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 25 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 26 100 100 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 27 people people NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 28 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 29 main main JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 30 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 31 lines line NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 32 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 33 100 100 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 34 people people NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 35 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 36 customers customer NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 37 ' ' POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 38 equipment equipment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 40 e.g. e.g. IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 41 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 42 set set NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 43 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 44 facsimile facsimile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 45 machine machine NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 47 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 48 etc etc FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 71 49 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 1 Second second JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 3 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 4 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 5 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 6 microdata microdata NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 7 tend tend VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 8 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 9 focus focus VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 10 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 11 developed developed JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 12 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 13 contexts context NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 14 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 15 while while IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 16 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 17 relying rely VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 18 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 19 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 20 proxies proxy NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 21 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 22 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 23 analogous analogous JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 24 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 25 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 26 cross cross JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 27 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 28 country country JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 29 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 72 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 4 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 5 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 6 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 7 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 8 not not RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 9 free free JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 10 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 11 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 12 problem problem NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 13 too too RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 73 14 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 1 Third third RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 3 even even RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 4 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 5 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 6 focus focus VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 7 mainly mainly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 8 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 10 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 12 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 13 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 14 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 15 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 16 measures measure NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 17 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 18 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 19 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 20 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 21 employ employ VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 22 similar similar JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 23 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 24 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 25 measures measure NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 26 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 27 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 28 investments investment NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 29 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 30 telephone telephone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 31 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 32 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 33 cables cable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 74 34 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 2 comparison comparison NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 3 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 5 cited cite VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 6 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 7 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 9 take take VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 10 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 11 different different JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 12 approach approach NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 13 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 14 employing employ VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 15 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 16 true true JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 17 measure measure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 19 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 20 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 21 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 22 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 23 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 24 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 25 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 26 prevalence prevalence NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 27 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 28 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 29 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 30 equipment equipment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 32 i.e. i.e. FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 33 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 34 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 35 radios radio NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 75 37 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 2 then then RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 3 explore explore VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 5 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 7 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 8 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 9 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 10 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 11 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 12 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 13 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 15 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 16 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 17 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 18 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 19 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 20 physical physical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 21 proximity proximity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 22 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 23 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 24 connection connection NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 76 25 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 1 Research research NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 2 has have VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 3 shown show VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 4 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 5 variations variation NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 6 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 7 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 8 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 9 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 10 shaped shape VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 11 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 12 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 13 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 14 geographical geographical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 15 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 16 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 17 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 18 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 19 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 20 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 21 physical physical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 22 proximity proximity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 23 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 24 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 25 connection connection NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 26 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 27 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 28 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 29 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 30 expected expect VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 31 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 32 shape shape VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 33 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 34 decisions decision NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 35 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 36 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 37 local local JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 38 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 77 39 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 2 instance instance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 5 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 6 well well RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 7 established establish VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 8 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 9 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 10 areas area NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 11 benefit benefit VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 12 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 13 higher high JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 14 concentration concentration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 16 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 17 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 18 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 19 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 20 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 21 enable enable VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 22 social social JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 23 learning learning NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 24 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 25 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 26 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 27 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 28 technologies technology NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 30 Liu Liu NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 31 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 32 San San NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 33 2006 2006 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 78 35 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 1 Hence hence RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 3 unless unless IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 4 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 5 type type NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 7 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 8 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 9 undertaken undertake VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 11 these these DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 12 disparities disparity NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 13 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 14 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 15 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 16 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 17 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 18 inadvertently inadvertently RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 19 explained explain VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 20 away away RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 21 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 22 differences difference NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 23 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 24 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 25 income income NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 26 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 27 demographic demographic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 28 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 79 29 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 2 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 3 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 4 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 5 related relate VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 6 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 7 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 8 small small JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 9 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 10 evolving evolve VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 11 body body NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 12 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 13 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 14 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 15 exploit exploit VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 16 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 17 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 18 towards towards IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 19 analyzing analyze VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 20 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 21 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 22 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 23 telecommunications telecommunications NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 24 technologies technology NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 80 25 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 2 review review NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 3 shows show VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 4 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 5 research research NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 6 conducted conduct VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 7 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 8 Buys Buys NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 9 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 10 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 81 11 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 82 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 82 2 2009 2009 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 82 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 1 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 2 Hodler Hodler NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 3 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 4 Raschky Raschky NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 6 2017 2017 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 8 come come VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 9 close close RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 10 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 11 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 12 line line NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 13 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 14 inquiry inquiry NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 15 pursued pursue VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 16 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 17 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 18 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 83 19 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 1 However however RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 4 differ differ VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 5 significantly significantly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 6 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 7 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 8 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 9 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 10 two two CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 11 crucial crucial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 12 ways way NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 84 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 1 Firstly firstly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 3 both both DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 4 studies study NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 5 conduct conduct VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 6 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 7 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 8 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 9 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 10 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 11 while while IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 13 adopt adopt VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 14 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 15 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 16 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 17 level level JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 18 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 19 approach approach NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 85 20 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 1 Secondly secondly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 3 while while IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 5 former former JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 6 investigates investigate VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 8 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 9 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 10 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 11 operators operator NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 12 ' ' POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 13 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 14 location location NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 16 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 17 sites site NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 18 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 19 Sub Sub NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 20 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 21 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 22 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 23 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 25 latter latter JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 26 explores explore VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 27 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 28 role role NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 29 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 30 ethnic ethnic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 31 politics politic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 32 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 33 shaping shape VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 34 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 35 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 36 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 37 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 38 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 39 phone phone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 40 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 41 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 42 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 86 43 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 1 As as RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 2 far far RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 3 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 5 know know VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 6 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 8 closest close JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 9 relative relative NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 10 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 11 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 12 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 13 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 14 DeStefano DeStefano NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 15 et et FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 16 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 87 17 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 2 2018 2018 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 4 where where WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 6 authors author NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 7 investigated investigate VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 8 how how WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 10 arrival arrival NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 12 ADSL ADSL NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 13 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 14 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 15 influenced influence VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 17 IT it NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 18 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 19 productivity productivity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 20 gap gap NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 21 among among IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 22 UK UK NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 23 firms firm NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 88 24 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 1 Comparatively comparatively RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 4 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 5 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 6 therefore therefore RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 8 first first JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 9 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 10 explore explore VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 11 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 12 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 13 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 14 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 15 influence influence NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 16 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 17 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 18 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 19 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 20 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 21 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 22 using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 23 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 24 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 25 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 26 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 27 approach approach NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 28 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 29 especially especially RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 30 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 31 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 32 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 33 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 34 context context NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 89 35 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 2 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 3 uses use VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 4 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 5 probit probit JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 6 model model NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 7 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 8 examine examine VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 10 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 11 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 13 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 14 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 15 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 90 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 1 Probit probit NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 2 models model NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 3 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 4 used use VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 5 when when WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 7 dependent dependent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 8 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 9 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 10 dichotomous dichotomous JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 91 11 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 2 employ employ VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 3 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 4 set set NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 6 explanatory explanatory JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 7 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 8 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 9 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 10 model model NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 12 namely namely RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 13 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 14 demographic demographic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 15 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 16 include include VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 17 age age NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 18 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 19 gender gender NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 21 marital marital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 22 status status NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 23 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 24 religious religious JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 25 affiliation affiliation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 26 ; ; : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 27 socio socio JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 28 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 29 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 30 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 31 such such JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 32 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 33 expenditure expenditure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 34 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 35 education education NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 36 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 37 whether whether IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 38 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 39 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 40 employed employ VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 41 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 42 not not RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 43 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 44 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 45 location location NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 46 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 47 indicating indicate VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 48 whether whether IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 49 respondents respondent NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 50 live live VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 51 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 52 rural rural JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 53 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 54 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 55 areas area NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 92 56 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 1 Finally finally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 4 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 5 include include VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 6 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 7 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 8 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 9 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 10 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 11 representing represent VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 13 number number NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 14 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 15 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 16 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 17 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 18 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 19 radius radius NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 20 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 21 where where WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 23 live live VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 25 i.e. i.e. FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 26 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 28 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 29 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 30 average average JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 31 tariff tariff NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 32 per per IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 33 megabyte megabyte NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 34 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 35 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 36 used use VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 38 tariff tariff NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 93 40 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 1 Both both DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 2 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 3 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 4 tariffs tariff NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 5 represent represent VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 6 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 7 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 8 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 9 included include VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 10 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 11 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 12 model model NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 94 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 1 Thus thus RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 4 model model NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 5 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 6 represented represent VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 7 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 9 equation equation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 10 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 11 Internet Internet NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 12 Use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 13 = = WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 14 f f NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 16 age age NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 17 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 18 gender gender NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 19 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 20 income income NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 22 education education NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 23 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 24 marital marital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 25 status status NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 26 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 27 religious religious JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 28 affiliation affiliation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 29 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 30 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 31 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 32 tariffs tariff NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 33 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 34 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 95 36 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 2 expect expect VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 3 monthly monthly JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 4 expenditures expenditure NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 6 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 7 proxy proxy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 8 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 9 income income NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 11 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 12 affect affect VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 13 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 14 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 15 / / SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 16 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 17 positively positively RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 96 18 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 2 probability probability NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 3 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 4 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 5 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 6 decision decision NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 7 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 8 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 9 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 10 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 11 rise rise VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 12 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 13 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 14 educated educate VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 15 individuals individual NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 97 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 1 However however RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 4 need need NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 5 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 6 possessing possess VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 7 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 8 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 9 subscription subscription NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 11 however however RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 12 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 13 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 14 fall fall VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 15 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 16 older old JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 17 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 18 unemployed unemployed JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 19 respondents respondent NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 98 20 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 2 terms term NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 3 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 4 age age NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 5 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 6 one one PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 7 could could MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 8 argue argue VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 9 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 11 whereas whereas IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 12 younger young JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 13 individuals individual NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 14 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 15 have have VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 16 lower low JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 17 income income NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 18 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 20 tend tend VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 21 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 22 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 23 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 24 greater great JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 25 degree degree NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 26 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 27 technological technological JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 28 affinity affinity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 30 Hübler Hübler NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 31 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 32 Hartje Hartje NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 33 2016 2016 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 99 35 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 2 add add VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 3 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 4 gender gender NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 5 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 6 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 7 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 8 additional additional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 9 characteristic characteristic NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 11 given give VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 12 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 14 preferences preference NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 15 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 16 decisions decision NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 18 men man NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 19 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 20 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 21 dominant dominant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 22 than than IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 23 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 24 preferences preference NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 25 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 27 spouse(s spouse(s NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 29 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 30 patriarchal patriarchal JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 31 societies society NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 33 Bulte Bulte NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 34 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 35 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 36 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 37 2016 2016 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 100 39 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 1 Similar similar JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 2 considerations consideration NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 3 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 4 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 5 extended extend VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 6 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 8 marital marital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 9 status status NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 11 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 12 individual individual NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 13 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 15 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 16 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 17 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 18 technologies technology NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 101 19 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 1 Finally finally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 3 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 4 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 5 decisions decision NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 6 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 7 often often RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 8 shaped shape VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 9 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 10 religious religious JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 11 reasons reason NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 12 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 13 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 14 some some DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 15 religious religious JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 16 beliefs belief NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 17 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 18 restrict restrict VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 20 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 22 conventional conventional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 23 technological technological JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 24 products product NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 26 Fungáčová Fungáčová NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 27 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 28 et et NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 29 al al NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 31 2017 2017 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 102 33 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 1 Hence hence RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 4 control control VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 5 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 7 religious religious JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 8 beliefs belief NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 9 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 10 each each DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 11 sampled sample VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 12 individual individual NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 103 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 1 To to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 2 examine examine VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 4 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 6 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 7 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 8 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 9 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 10 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 12 used use VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 13 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 14 measure measure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 15 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 16 captures capture VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 17 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 18 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 19 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 20 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 21 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 22 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 23 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 24 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 104 25 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 1 Hence hence RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 4 employ employ VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 6 microspatial microspatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 7 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 8 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 9 captures capture VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 11 prevalence prevalence NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 12 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 13 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 14 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 15 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 16 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 18 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 19 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 105 20 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 2 calculate calculate VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 4 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 5 using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 6 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 7 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 8 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 9 two two CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 10 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 11 sources source NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 12 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 13 four four CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 14 steps step NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 106 15 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 1 First first RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 3 inspired inspire VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 4 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 5 Hodler Hodler NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 6 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 7 Raschky Raschky NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 9 2017 2017 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 13 extract extract VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 14 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 15 map map VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 17 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 18 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 19 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 20 4 4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 21 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 22 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 23 tower tower NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 24 locations location NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 25 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 26 OpenCellID opencellid JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 107 28 see see VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 108 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 108 2 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 1 B b NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 2 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 4 appendix appendix NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 5 section section NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 109 7 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 1 Secondly secondly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 4 extract extract VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 6 map map VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 8 street street NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 9 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 10 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 11 dwelling dwelling NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 12 locations location NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 13 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 15 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 16 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 110 17 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 1 Thirdly thirdly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 3 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 4 use use VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 5 both both DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 6 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 7 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 8 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 9 purpose purpose NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 12 link link VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 13 them -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 14 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 15 overlaying overlay VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 17 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 18 map map VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 19 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 20 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 21 dwelling dwelling NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 22 location location NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 23 map map NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 111 24 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 1 Finally finally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 4 compute compute VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 6 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 7 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 8 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 9 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 10 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 11 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 13 total total JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 14 number number NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 16 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 17 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 18 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 19 5-km 5-km CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 20 radius radius NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 22 everyone everyone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 112 23 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 2 5-km 5-km CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 3 specification specification NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 4 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 5 premised premise VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 6 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 8 fact fact NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 9 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 10 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 11 coverage coverage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 12 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 13 SSA SSA NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 14 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 15 mainly mainly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 16 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 17 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 18 base base NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 19 stations station NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 20 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 21 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 22 provide provide VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 23 service service NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 24 up up IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 25 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 26 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 27 5 5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 28 - - SYM cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 29 10 10 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 30 km km NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 31 radius radius NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 33 Aker Aker NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 34 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 35 Mbiti Mbiti NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 36 2010 2010 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 37 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 38 p. p. NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 39 209 209 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 113 41 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 2 achieve achieve VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 4 using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 6 Stata Stata NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 7 ' ' `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 8 spmap spmap NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 9 ' ' '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 10 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 11 command command NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 114 12 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 1 To to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 2 investigate investigate VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 4 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 6 wireless wireless JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 7 connectivity connectivity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 8 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 9 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 10 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 13 rely rely VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 14 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 15 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 16 unique unique JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 17 nationally nationally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 18 representative representative JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 19 market market NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 20 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 22 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 23 carried carry VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 24 out out RP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 25 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 26 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 27 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 28 largest large JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 29 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 30 operator operator NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 31 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 32 MTN MTN NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 33 2 2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 34 during during IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 35 April April NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 36 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 37 July July NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 38 2018 2018 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 115 39 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 2 MTN MTN NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 3 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 4 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 5 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 6 covers cover VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 7 730 730 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 8 localities locality NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 10 i.e. i.e. FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 12 villages village NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 13 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 14 towns town NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 16 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 17 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 18 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 19 far far RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 20 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 21 away away RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 22 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 23 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 25 largest large JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 26 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 27 most most RBS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 28 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 29 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 30 surveys survey NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 31 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 32 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 33 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 34 Saharan saharan JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 35 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 36 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 37 date date NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 116 38 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 2 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 3 was be VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 4 collected collect VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 5 via via IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 7 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 9 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 10 questionnaire questionnaire NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 11 distributed distribute VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 12 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 13 respondents respondent NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 14 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 15 all all DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 16 36 36 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 17 states state NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 20 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 117 21 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 1 Figure figure VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 2 A a NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 3 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 5 appendix appendix NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 6 section section NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 7 plots plot VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 9 centroid centroid NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 10 GPS GPS NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 11 coordinates coordinate VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 12 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 13 surveyed survey VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 14 areas area NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 15 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 17 municipality municipality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 18 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 118 19 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 2 wide wide JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 3 geographical geographical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 4 spread spread NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 7 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 8 areas area NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 9 confirms confirm VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 11 nationally nationally RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 12 representative representative JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 13 nature nature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 14 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 16 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 119 17 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 1 A a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 2 total total JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 3 number number NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 4 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 5 21,844 21,844 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 6 observations observation NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 7 were be VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 8 obtained obtain VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 9 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 11 final final JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 12 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 120 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 2 second second JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 3 data data NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 4 resource resource NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 5 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 7 OpenCellID opencellid JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 8 database database NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 9 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 10 contains contain VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 11 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 12 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 14 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 15 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 16 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 17 independent independent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 18 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 20 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 121 22 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 2 database database NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 3 contains contain VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 4 raw raw JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 5 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 6 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 8 geo geo NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 9 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 10 location location NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 12 longitude longitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 13 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 14 latitude latitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 16 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 17 around around RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 18 seven seven CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 19 million million CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 20 unique unique JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 21 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 22 sites site NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 23 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 25 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 27 Hodler Hodler NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 28 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 29 Raschky Raschky NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 30 2017 2017 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 122 32 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 1 One one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 2 key key JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 3 benefit benefit NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 4 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 6 OpenCellID opencellid JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 7 database database NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 8 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 10 possibility possibility NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 11 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 12 identify identify VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 14 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 16 radio radio NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 18 type type NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 19 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 20 each each DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 21 telecommunications telecommunication NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 22 tower tower NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 24 i.e. i.e. FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 25 GSM GSM NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 26 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 27 UMTS UMTS NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 28 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 29 LTE LTE NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 30 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 31 etc etc FW cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 32 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 123 34 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 2 allowed allow VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 3 us -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 4 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 5 identify identify VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 7 two two CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 8 wireless wireless NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 9 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 10 classes class NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 11 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 12 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 13 UMTS UMTS NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 14 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 16 third third JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 17 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 18 generation generation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 19 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 21 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 22 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 24 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 25 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 26 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 27 advanced advanced JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 28 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 29 LTE LTE NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 30 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 32 fourthgeneration fourthgeneration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 33 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 34 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 35 4 4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 36 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 38 types type NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 124 39 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 1 Specifically specifically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 4 identified identify VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 6 total total NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 7 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 8 13246 13246 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 9 unique unique JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 10 tower tower NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 11 locations location NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 12 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 14 OpenCellID opencellid JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 15 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 16 consisting consist VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 18 11470 11470 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 19 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 20 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 22 1776 1776 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 23 4 4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 24 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 25 sites site NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 125 26 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 1 These these DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 2 sites site NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 3 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 4 geo geo NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 5 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 6 coded code VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 7 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 9 GPS GPS NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 11 longitude longitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 12 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 13 latitude latitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 126 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 127 1 -level -level . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 128 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 128 2 see see VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 129 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 129 2 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 130 1 B b NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 130 2 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 130 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 130 4 appendix appendix NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 130 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 130 6 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 2 main main JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 3 dependent dependent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 4 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 5 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 6 represented represent VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 7 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 8 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 9 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 10 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 11 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 12 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 14 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 16 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 17 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 131 18 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 1 To to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 2 construct construct VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 3 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 4 indicator indicator NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 5 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 6 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 8 convert convert VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 9 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 10 responses response NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 11 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 12 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 13 subscription subscription NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 14 using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 16 question question NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 17 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 18 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 19 Which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 20 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 21 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 22 following follow VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 23 telecommunication telecommunication NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 24 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 25 3 3 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 26 do do VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 27 you -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 28 use use VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 29 nowadays nowadays RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 30 ? ? . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 31 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 132 32 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 2 then then RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 3 calculate calculate VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 5 dependent dependent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 6 indicator indicator NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 7 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 8 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 9 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 10 dummy dummy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 11 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 12 takes take VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 14 value value NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 15 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 16 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 17 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 18 if if IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 19 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 20 Data data NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 21 service service NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 23 Accessing access VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 24 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 26 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 27 was be VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 28 selected select VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 29 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 30 response response NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 31 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 32 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 33 question question NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 133 34 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 1 Otherwise otherwise RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 3 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 4 dummy dummy JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 5 value value NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 7 " " `` cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 8 0 0 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 9 " " '' cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 10 was be VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 11 assigned assign VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 12 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 14 observation observation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 134 15 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 1 Table table NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 2 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 3 provides provide VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 5 summary summary NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 6 statistics statistic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 7 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 9 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 10 employed employ VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 11 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 12 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 13 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 135 14 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 2 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 3 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 4 rate rate NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 5 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 6 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 7 dataset dataset NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 8 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 9 12 12 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 10 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 12 falling fall VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 13 firmly firmly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 14 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 16 same same JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 17 ballpark ballpark NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 18 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 20 13.7 13.7 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 21 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 22 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 23 15.2 15.2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 24 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 25 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 26 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 27 rates rate NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 28 reported report VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 29 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 30 Business Business NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 31 Monitor Monitor NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 32 International International NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 34 BMI BMI NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 35 2018 2018 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 37 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 38 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 39 ITU ITU NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 40 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 41 respectively respectively RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 136 42 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 2 summary summary NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 3 statistics statistic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 4 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 5 Table Table NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 6 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 7 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 8 indicate indicate VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 9 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 10 there there EX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 11 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 12 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 13 average average JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 14 28 28 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 15 wireless wireless NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 16 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 17 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 18 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 19 5 5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 20 km km NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 22 each each DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 23 respondent respondent NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 24 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 25 street street NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 137 26 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 1 However however RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 4 standard standard JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 5 deviation deviation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 7 40 40 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 8 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 9 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 11 5 5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 12 km km NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 13 radius radius NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 14 suggests suggest VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 15 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 16 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 17 spread spread NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 18 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 19 dispersion dispersion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 20 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 21 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 22 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 23 tower tower NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 24 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 138 25 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 1 Table table NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 2 2 2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 3 presents present VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 5 marginal marginal JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 6 effects effect NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 7 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 8 baseline baseline JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 9 probit probit NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 10 estimations estimation NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 139 11 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 2 column column NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 3 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 4 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 6 start start VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 7 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 8 measuring measure VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 10 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 11 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 12 effects effect NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 13 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 14 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 15 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 16 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 17 probability probability NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 18 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 19 adopting adopt VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 20 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 21 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 22 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 23 without without IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 24 any any DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 25 control control NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 26 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 27 or or CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 28 locality locality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 29 effects effect NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 140 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 1 Due due IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 2 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 4 cross cross JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 5 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 6 sectional sectional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 7 nature nature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 9 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 10 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 13 interpret interpret VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 14 these these DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 15 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 16 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 17 associations association NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 141 18 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 2 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 3 clear clear JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 4 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 6 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 7 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 8 columns column NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 10 1 1 LS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 12 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 13 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 14 strong strong JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 15 positive positive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 16 correlation correlation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 17 exists exist VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 18 between between IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 20 concentration concentration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 22 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 23 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 24 around around IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 25 each each DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 26 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 27 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 28 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 29 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 142 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 2 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 3 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 4 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 5 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 7 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 8 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 9 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 143 10 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 1 From from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 2 column column NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 3 2 2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 4 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 5 10 10 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 6 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 8 add add VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 10 control control NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 11 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 12 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 13 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 14 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 15 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 16 but but CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 18 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 19 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 20 remains remain VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 21 statistically statistically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 22 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 23 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 25 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 26 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 27 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 144 28 , , . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 1 albeit albeit IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 2 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 3 magnitude magnitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 4 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 6 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 7 drops drop VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 145 8 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 2 column column NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 3 11 11 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 4 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 6 include include VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 7 locality locality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 8 effects effect NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 9 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 10 draw draw VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 11 inference inference NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 12 only only RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 13 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 15 variation variation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 16 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 17 individual individual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 18 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 19 decisions decision NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 146 20 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 1 Besides besides IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 2 employing employ VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 3 controls control NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 4 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 5 locality locality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 6 effects effect NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 7 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 9 use use VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 10 heteroskedasticity heteroskedasticity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 11 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 12 robust robust JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 13 standard standard JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 14 errors error NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 15 clustered cluster VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 16 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 18 locality locality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 19 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 20 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 21 allow allow VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 22 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 23 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 24 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 25 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 26 independent independent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 27 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 28 localities locality NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 29 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 30 restricting restrict VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 31 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 32 error error NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 33 terms term NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 34 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 35 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 36 correlated correlate VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 37 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 38 individuals individual NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 39 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 40 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 41 same same JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 42 areas area NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 43 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 44 account account NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 45 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 46 omitted omit VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 47 regional regional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 48 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 147 49 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 1 ÃÃÃ ÃÃÃ NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 3 ÃÃ ÃÃ NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 4 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 6 Ã ã VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 7 denote denote VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 8 significance significance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 9 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 11 1 1 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 12 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 13 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 14 5 5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 15 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 16 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 17 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 18 10 10 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 19 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 20 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 21 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 22 respectively respectively RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 148 23 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 1 As as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 2 seen see VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 3 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 4 Column column NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 5 11 11 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 6 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 8 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 9 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 10 retains retain VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 12 statistical statistical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 13 significance significance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 14 but but CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 15 drops drop VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 16 further further RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 149 17 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 1 Specifically specifically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 3 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 4 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 6 0.012 0.012 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 7 suggests suggest VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 8 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 9 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 10 unit unit NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 11 increase increase NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 12 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 13 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 14 number number NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 16 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 17 towers tower NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 18 within within IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 19 5 5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 20 km km NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 22 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 23 respondent respondent NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 24 increases increase VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 25 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 26 probability probability NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 27 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 28 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 29 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 30 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 31 1.2 1.2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 32 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 33 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 34 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 35 corresponds correspond VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 36 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 37 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 38 increase increase NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 39 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 40 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 41 likelihood likelihood NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 42 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 43 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 44 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 45 around around IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 46 12 12 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 47 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 48 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 49 around around IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 50 13.2 13.2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 51 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 52 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 53 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 54 average average JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 55 respondent respondent NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 150 56 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 1 Also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 3 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 5 full full JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 6 specification specification NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 7 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 8 column column NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 9 11 11 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 11 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 12 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 13 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 15 control control NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 16 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 17 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 18 consistent consistent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 19 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 20 intuition intuition NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 23 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 24 all all DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 25 statistically statistically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 26 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 27 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 28 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 29 1%-level 1%-level CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 151 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 2 instance instance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 4 older old JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 6 unemployed unemployed JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 7 respondents respondent NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 8 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 9 less less RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 10 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 11 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 12 adopt adopt VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 13 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 14 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 15 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 16 whereas whereas IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 17 higher high JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 18 income income NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 19 earners earner NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 21 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 22 educated educate VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 23 individuals individual NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 24 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 25 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 26 dwellers dweller NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 27 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 28 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 29 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 30 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 31 adopt adopt VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 32 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 33 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 152 34 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 2 religion religion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 4 being be VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 5 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 6 Christian Christian NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 7 increases increase VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 9 probability probability NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 10 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 11 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 153 12 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 2 positive positive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 3 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 4 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 6 male male JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 7 gender gender NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 8 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 9 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 10 consistent consistent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 11 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 12 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 13 patriarchal patriarchal JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 14 nature nature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 15 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 17 Nigerian nigerian JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 18 society society NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 19 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 20 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 21 indicates indicate VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 22 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 23 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 24 men man NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 25 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 26 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 27 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 28 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 29 adopt adopt VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 30 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 31 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 32 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 33 perhaps perhaps RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 34 reflecting reflect VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 35 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 36 stronger strong JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 37 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 38 power power NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 39 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 40 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 41 male male JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 42 gender gender NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 154 43 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 3 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 4 terms term NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 5 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 7 magnitude magnitude NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 10 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 11 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 13 find find VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 14 age age NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 15 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 16 gender gender NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 17 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 18 have have VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 19 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 20 greatest great JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 21 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 22 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 23 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 24 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 25 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 26 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 27 both both DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 28 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 29 indicating indicate VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 30 11 11 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 31 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 32 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 33 5 5 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 34 % % NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 35 positive positive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 36 impact impact NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 37 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 38 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 39 probability probability NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 40 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 41 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 42 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 43 respectively respectively RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 155 44 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 2 age age NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 3 coefficient coefficient NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 4 lends lend VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 5 weight weight NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 6 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 7 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 8 opening open VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 9 arguments argument NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 10 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 11 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 12 implications implication NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 13 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 14 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 15 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 16 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 18 participation participation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 20 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 21 large large JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 22 projected projected JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 23 youth youth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 24 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 25 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 26 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 27 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 28 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 29 increasingly increasingly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 30 digitalized digitalized JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 31 global global JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 32 economy economy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 33 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 34 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 35 future future NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 156 36 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 2 all all PDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 4 specifications specification NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 5 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 6 Table Table NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 7 2 2 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 8 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 10 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 11 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 12 show show VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 13 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 14 individuals individual NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 15 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 16 areas area NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 17 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 18 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 19 higher high JJR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 20 concentration concentration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 21 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 22 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 23 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 24 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 25 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 26 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 27 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 28 adopt adopt VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 29 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 30 use use VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 31 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 32 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 157 33 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 1 This this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 2 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 3 presents present VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 4 first first JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 5 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 6 stage stage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 7 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 8 showing show VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 9 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 10 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 11 influence influence VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 12 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 13 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 14 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 15 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 158 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 1 Using use VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 2 geo geo NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 3 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 4 referenced reference VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 5 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 7 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 8 inventory inventory NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 9 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 10 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 11 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 12 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 13 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 15 employ employ VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 16 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 17 more more RBR cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 18 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 19 micro micro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 20 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 21 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 22 measure measure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 23 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 24 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 25 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 26 based base VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 27 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 28 3G/4 3g/4 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 29 G g NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 30 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 31 equipment equipment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 32 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 33 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 34 local local JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 35 level level NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 36 alongside alongside IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 37 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 38 range range NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 39 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 40 explanatory explanatory JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 41 variables variable NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 42 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 43 explain explain VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 44 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 45 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 46 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 47 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 159 48 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 2 general general JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 5 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 6 obtained obtain VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 7 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 8 economically economically RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 9 important important JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 11 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 13 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 14 help help VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 15 explain explain VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 16 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 17 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 18 patterns pattern NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 20 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 21 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 22 particularly particularly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 23 when when WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 24 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 25 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 26 effects effect NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 27 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 28 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 29 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 30 play play VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 31 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 32 important important JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 33 role role NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 34 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 35 driving drive VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 36 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 37 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 160 38 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 2 instance instance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 4 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 5 many many JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 6 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 7 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 8 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 9 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 10 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 11 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 12 coverage coverage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 13 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 14 usually usually RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 15 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 16 first first JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 17 modern modern JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 18 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 20 any any DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 21 kind kind NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 23 Aker Aker NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 24 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 25 Mbiti Mbiti NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 26 2010 2010 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 161 28 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 1 Hence hence RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 4 would would MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 5 argue argue VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 6 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 8 failure failure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 9 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 10 control control VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 11 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 12 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 13 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 14 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 15 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 16 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 18 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 20 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 21 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 22 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 23 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 24 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 25 could could MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 26 well well RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 27 result result VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 28 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 29 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 30 omitted omit VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 31 variable variable JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 32 bias bias NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 162 33 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 3 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 4 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 5 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 6 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 7 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 8 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 9 explain explain VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 11 nuances nuance NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 12 embodied embody VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 13 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 15 varied varied JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 16 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 18 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 19 services service NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 20 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 21 different different JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 22 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 23 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 24 given give VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 25 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 26 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 27 quality quality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 28 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 29 service service NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 31 QoS QoS NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 33 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 34 user user NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 35 experience experience NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 36 may may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 37 well well RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 38 depend depend VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 39 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 40 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 41 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 42 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 43 reliability reliability NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 44 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 45 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 46 underlying underlying JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 47 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 48 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 163 49 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 1 Although although IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 2 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 3 first first JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 4 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 5 stage stage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 6 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 7 presented present VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 8 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 9 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 10 paper paper NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 11 revealed reveal VBD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 12 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 13 drivers driver NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 14 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 15 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 16 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 17 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 18 they -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 19 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 20 provide provide VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 21 interesting interesting JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 22 avenues avenue NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 23 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 24 further further JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 25 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 26 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 27 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 28 aim aim VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 29 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 30 explore explore VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 31 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 32 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 33 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 34 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 35 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 36 dataset dataset NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 164 37 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 1 In in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 2 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 3 first first JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 4 place place NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 5 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 7 significant significant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 8 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 9 variable variable NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 10 shows show VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 11 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 12 there there EX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 13 are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 14 likely likely JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 15 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 16 be be VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 17 regional regional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 18 differences difference NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 19 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 20 regards regard NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 21 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 22 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 23 factors factor NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 24 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 25 influence influence VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 26 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 27 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 28 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 29 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 165 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 1 Given give VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 2 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 3 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 4 has have VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 5 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 8 largest large JJS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 9 rural rural JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 10 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 11 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 166 12 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 167 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 167 2 World World NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 167 3 Bank Bank NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 167 4 2018 2018 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 167 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 1 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 3 expect expect VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 4 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 5 further further JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 6 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 7 testing test VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 8 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 9 relationships relationship NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 10 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 11 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 12 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 13 across across IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 14 rural rural JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 15 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 16 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 17 dwellers dweller NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 18 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 19 will will MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 20 contribute contribute VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 21 significantly significantly RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 22 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 23 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 24 policy policy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 25 debate debate NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 26 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 27 bridging bridge VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 28 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 29 urban urban JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 30 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 31 rural rural JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 32 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 33 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 34 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 35 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 168 36 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 1 Further further RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 3 having have VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 4 microeconomic microeconomic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 5 information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 6 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 7 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 8 representative representative NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 9 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 10 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 11 national national JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 12 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 13 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 14 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 15 type type NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 16 used use VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 17 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 18 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 19 research research NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 20 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 21 permits permit VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 22 clear clear JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 23 visualization visualization NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 24 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 25 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 26 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 27 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 28 as as IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 29 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 30 additional additional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 31 form form NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 32 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 33 inequality inequality NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 34 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 35 can can MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 36 hinder hinder VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 37 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 38 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 39 other other JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 40 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 41 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 42 reliant reliant JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 43 technologies technology NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 169 44 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 1 For for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 2 instance instance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 5 telecommunications telecommunications NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 6 sector sector NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 7 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 8 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 9 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 10 currently currently RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 11 undergoing undergo VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 12 several several JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 13 policy policy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 14 changes change NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 15 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 16 one one CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 17 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 18 which which WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 19 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 20 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 21 granting granting NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 22 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 23 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 24 money money NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 25 licenses license NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 26 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 27 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 28 network network NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 29 operators operator NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 170 30 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 2 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 4 is be VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 5 earmarked earmark VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 6 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 7 further further JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 8 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 9 with with IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 10 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 11 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 12 will will MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 13 explore explore VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 14 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 15 constraints constraint NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 16 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 17 other other JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 18 technologies technology NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 19 covered cover VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 20 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 21 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 22 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 23 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 24 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 25 how how WRB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 26 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 27 patterns pattern NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 28 might may MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 29 vary vary VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 30 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 31 different different JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 32 parts part NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 33 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 34 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 35 country country NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 171 36 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 2 hope hope VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 3 that that IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 5 results result NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 7 these these DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 8 avenues avenue NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 9 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 10 research research NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 11 will will MD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 12 provide provide VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 13 new new JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 14 insights insight NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 15 that that WDT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 16 contribute contribute VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 17 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 18 both both DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 19 policy policy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 20 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 21 research research NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 172 22 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 173 1 −0.1424 −0.1424 IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 4 −0.1130 −0.1130 NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 5 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 6 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 7 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 174 8 −0.1005 −0.1005 XX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 175 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 175 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 175 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 175 4 −0.1030 −0.1030 XX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 176 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 176 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 176 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 176 4 −0.1111 −0.1111 XX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 4 −0.1114 −0.1114 NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 5 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 6 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 7 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 177 8 −0.1108 −0.1108 XX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 4 −0.1147 −0.1147 NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 5 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 6 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 7 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 178 8 0442 0442 CD cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 4 −0.0417 −0.0417 NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 5 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 6 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 7 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 179 8 −0.0341 −0.0341 XX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 180 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 180 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 180 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 180 4 −0.0337 −0.0337 . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 4 −0.0346 −0.0346 NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 5 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 6 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 7 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 181 8 −0.0217 −0.0217 XX cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 1 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 2 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 3 * * NFP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 4 Information information NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 5 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 6 usage usage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 7 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 8 SMEs sme NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 9 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 10 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 11 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 12 economy economy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 13 Mobile Mobile NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 14 phones phone NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 15 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 16 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 17 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 18 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 19 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 20 Information Information NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 21 systems system NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 22 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 23 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 24 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 25 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 26 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 27 critical critical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 28 research research NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 29 review review NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 30 Internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 31 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 32 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 33 job job NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 34 search search NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 35 Business business NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 36 Monitor Monitor NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 37 International International NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 39 BMI BMI NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 41 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 42 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 43 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNPS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 44 Report Report NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 45 Gender Gender NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 46 training training NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 47 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 48 female female JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 49 empowerment empowerment NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 50 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 51 experimental experimental JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 52 evidence evidence NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 53 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 54 Vietnam Vietnam NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 55 Determinants Determinants NNPS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 56 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 57 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 58 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 59 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 60 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 61 Sub Sub NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 62 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 63 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 64 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 65 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 66 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 67 spatial spatial JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 68 econometric econometric JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 69 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 70 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 71 cell cell NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 72 phone phone NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 73 coverage coverage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 74 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 75 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 76 productivity productivity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 77 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 78 conclusions conclusion NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 79 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 80 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 81 empirical empirical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 182 82 literature literature NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 2 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 3 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 5 global global JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 6 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 7 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 8 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 9 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 10 cross cross JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 11 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 12 country country JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 13 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 14 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 15 computer computer NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 16 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 17 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 18 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 19 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 20 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 21 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 22 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 23 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 24 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 25 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 26 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 27 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 28 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 29 differences difference NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 30 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 31 computer computer NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 32 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 33 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 34 penetration penetration NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 35 Broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 36 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 37 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 38 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 39 growth growth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 40 Policy policy NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 41 reform reform NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 42 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 43 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 44 growth growth NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 45 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 46 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 47 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 48 divide divide NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 49 Broadband Broadband NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 50 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 51 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 52 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 53 use use NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 54 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 55 firm firm JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 56 performance performance NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 57 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 58 evidence evidence NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 59 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 60 UK UK NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 61 firms firm NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 62 Determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 63 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 64 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 65 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 66 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 67 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 68 focus focus NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 69 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 70 China China NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 71 Trust Trust NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 72 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 73 banks bank NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 74 Price price NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 75 elasticity elasticity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 76 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 77 demand demand NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 78 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 79 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 80 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 81 evidence evidence NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 82 from from IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 83 Latin Latin NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 84 America America NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 85 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 86 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 87 Caribbean Caribbean NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 88 Modern modern JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 89 telecommunications telecommunication NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 90 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 91 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 92 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 93 activity activity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 94 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 95 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 96 empirical empirical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 97 investigation investigation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 98 Ethnic ethnic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 99 politics politic NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 100 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 101 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 102 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 103 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 104 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 105 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 106 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 107 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 108 Are be VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 109 smartphones smartphone NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 110 smart smart JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 111 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 112 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 113 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 183 114 ? ? . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 1 Social social JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 2 interaction interaction NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 3 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 4 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 5 access access NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 6 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 7 stock stock NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 8 market market NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 9 participation participation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 10 - - : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 11 an an DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 12 empirical empirical JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 13 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 14 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 15 China China NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 16 Identifying identify VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 17 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 18 determinants determinant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 19 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 20 broadband broadband NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 21 adoption adoption NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 22 by by IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 23 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 24 stage stage NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 184 25 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 1 OECD OECD NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 2 countries country NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 3 Social Social NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 4 learning learn VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 6 digital digital JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 7 divides divide VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 8 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 9 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 10 case case NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 11 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 12 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 13 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 14 technology technology NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 15 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 16 Fostering foster VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 17 pro pro JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 18 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 19 competitive competitive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 20 regional regional JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 21 connectivity connectivity NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 22 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 23 Sub Sub NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 24 - - HYPH cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 25 Saharan Saharan NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 26 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 185 27 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 1 Global global JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 2 ICT ICT NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 3 Department Department NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 4 Internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 5 diffusion diffusion NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 6 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 7 sub sub JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 8 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 9 Saharan saharan JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 10 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 11 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 12 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 13 cross cross JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 14 - - JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 15 country country JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 16 analysis analysis NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 17 Has have VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 18 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 19 Internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 20 fostered foster VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 21 inclusive inclusive JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 22 innovation innovation NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 23 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 24 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 25 developing develop VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 26 world world NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 186 27 ? ? . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 1 World World NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 2 Dev Dev NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 3 Telecommunications Telecommunications NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 4 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 5 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 6 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 7 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 8 : : : cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 9 a a DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 10 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 187 11 approach approach NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 2 causal causal JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 3 effect effect NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 4 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 5 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 6 internet internet NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 7 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 8 on on IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 9 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 10 economic economic JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 11 development development NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 12 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 13 European european JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 14 city city NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 15 regions region NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 16 Rural rural JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 17 population population NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 18 -Nigeria -Nigeria VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 19 Acknowledgements acknowledgement NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 188 20 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 2 authors author NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 3 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 4 gratefully gratefully RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 5 acknowledge acknowledge VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 6 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 7 support support NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 8 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 9 Africa Africa NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 10 's 's POS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 11 leading lead VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 12 mobile mobile JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 13 operator operator NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 14 MTN MTN NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 15 , , , cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 16 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 17 providing provide VBG cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 18 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 19 market market NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 20 survey survey NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 21 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 22 operator operator NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 23 data datum NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 24 employed employ VBN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 25 in in IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 26 this this DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 27 study study NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 189 28 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 1 Special special JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 2 thanks thank NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 3 to to IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 4 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 5 staff staff NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 6 of of IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 7 the the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 8 Business Business NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 9 Intelligence Intelligence NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 10 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 11 Research Research NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 12 Departments Departments NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 190 13 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 2 also also RB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 3 like like VBP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 4 to to TO cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 5 thank thank VB cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 6 participants participant NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 7 at at IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 8 various various JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 9 seminars seminar NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 10 and and CC cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 11 workshops workshop NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 12 for for IN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 14 helpful helpful JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 15 comments comment NNS cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 191 16 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 192 1 The the DT cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 192 2 usual usual JJ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 192 3 disclaimer disclaimer NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 192 4 applies apply VBZ cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 192 5 . . . cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 193 1 OpenCellID OpenCellID NNP cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 193 2 data data NN cord-020199-rm0c2vu9 193 3 ) ) -RRB-