id sid tid token lemma pos cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 1 key key JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 2 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 3 cord-219681 cord-219681 VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 4 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 5 83p1ujl4 83p1ujl4 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 6 authors author NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 7 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 8 Gathergood Gathergood NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 10 John John NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 11 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 12 Guttman Guttman NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 13 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 14 Kenney Kenney NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 15 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 16 Benedict Benedict NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 17 title title NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 18 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 19 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 20 English English NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 21 Patient patient NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 1 22 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 1 Evaluating evaluate VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 2 Local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 3 Lockdowns Lockdowns NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 4 Using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 5 Real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 6 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 7 Time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 8 COVID-19&Consumption covid-19&consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 9 Data data NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 10 date date NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 11 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 12 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 13 - - SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 14 10 10 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 15 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 16 08 08 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 17 journal journal NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 18 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 19 nan nan NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 20 DOI DOI NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 21 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 22 nan nan NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 23 sha sha NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 24 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 25 cd0499511caa9197180b6396a97ff7ad31554e35 cd0499511caa9197180b6396a97ff7ad31554e35 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 26 doc_id doc_id NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 27 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 28 219681 219681 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 29 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 30 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 2 31 83p1ujl4 83p1ujl4 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 2 find find VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 3 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 4 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 5 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 6 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 7 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 8 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 9 cities city NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 11 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 12 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 14 focused focus VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 16 limiting limit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 17 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 18 many many JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 19 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 20 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 21 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 22 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 23 interact interact VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 24 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 26 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 27 what what WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 28 settings setting NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 29 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 30 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 31 effective effective JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 32 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 33 turning turn VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 34 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 35 tide tide NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 36 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 37 rising rise VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 38 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 39 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 40 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 3 41 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 1 Yet yet RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 3 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 4 focusing focus VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 5 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 6 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 7 mixing mixing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 8 within within IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 10 home home NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 11 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 12 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 13 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 14 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 15 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 16 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 17 inflicted inflict VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 19 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 20 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 21 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 22 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 23 accompanying accompany VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 24 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 25 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 26 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 27 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 28 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 29 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 30 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 31 limited limit VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 32 all all DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 33 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 34 contact contact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 4 35 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 2 study study NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 3 harnesses harness VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 4 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 5 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 6 source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 8 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 9 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 10 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 11 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 12 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 13 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 14 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 15 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 16 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 17 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 18 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 19 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 20 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 21 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 22 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 23 correlated correlate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 24 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 25 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 26 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 5 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 2 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 4 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 5 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 6 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 7 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 8 applying apply VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 9 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 10 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 11 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 12 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 13 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 14 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 15 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 16 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 17 exploits exploit VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 18 nearby nearby JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 19 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 20 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 21 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 22 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 23 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 24 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 25 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 26 comparison comparison NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 27 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 6 28 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 2 findings finding NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 4 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 5 policymakers policymaker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 6 may may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 7 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 8 able able JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 9 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 10 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 11 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 12 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 13 $ $ $ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 14 textit{without}$ textit{without}$ IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 15 killing kill VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 16 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 17 economies economy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 7 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 1 However however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 4 ultimate ultimate JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 5 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 8 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 9 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 10 expected expect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 11 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 12 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 13 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 14 dependent dependent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 16 co co NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 17 - - NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 18 ordination ordination NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 19 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 20 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 21 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 22 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 23 effective effective JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 24 system system NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 25 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 26 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 8 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 1 How how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 2 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 3 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 4 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 5 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 6 contained contain VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 7 without without IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 8 causing cause VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 9 damage damage NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 10 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 12 economy economy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 9 13 ? ? . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 2 question question NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 3 dominates dominate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 5 thinking thinking NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 7 policymakers policymaker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 9 who who WP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 10 face face VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 11 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 12 seemingly seemingly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 13 uncomfortable uncomfortable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 14 trade trade NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 15 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 16 off off NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 17 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 18 limiting limit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 19 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 20 transmission transmission NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 21 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 22 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 23 economy economy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 24 via via IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 25 reducing reduce VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 26 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 27 contact contact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 28 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 29 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 30 maintaining maintain VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 31 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 32 activity activity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 33 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 34 relies rely VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 35 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 36 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 37 contact contact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 38 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 39 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 40 production production NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 41 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 42 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 43 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 44 goods good NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 45 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 46 services service NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 10 47 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 2 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 3 wave wave NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 5 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 7 early early JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 8 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 9 saw see VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 10 most most JJS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 11 nations nation NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 12 adopt adopt VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 13 stringent stringent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 14 restrictions restriction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 16 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 17 contact contact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 18 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 19 almost almost RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 20 all all DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 21 settings setting NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 22 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 23 order order NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 24 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 25 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 26 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 27 spread spread NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 28 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 29 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 30 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 11 31 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 2 restrictions restriction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 3 severely severely RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 4 hindered hinder VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 6 means mean NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 8 production production NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 9 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 10 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 13 economy economy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 15 leading lead VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 16 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 17 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 18 drops drop NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 19 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 20 output output NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 12 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 1 However however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 3 recent recent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 4 improvements improvement NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 5 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 6 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 7 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 8 tracing trace VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 9 leading lead VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 10 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 11 identification identification NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 12 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 13 clusters cluster NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 15 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 16 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 17 high high JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 18 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 19 infection infection NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 20 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 21 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 22 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 23 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 24 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 25 targeted target VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 26 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 27 localised localised JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 28 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 29 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 30 applying apply VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 31 restrictions restriction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 32 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 33 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 34 contact contact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 35 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 36 known know VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 37 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 38 " " `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 39 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 40 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 41 " " '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 13 42 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 2 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 3 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 4 limiting limit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 6 spread spread NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 9 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 10 identified identify VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 11 early early RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 12 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 13 on on NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 14 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 16 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 17 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 18 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 19 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 20 strategy strategy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 14 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 15 1 1 1 LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 2 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 3 countries country NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 4 -such -such : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 5 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 8 UKgovernments UKgovernments NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 9 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 10 legal legal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 11 powers power NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 12 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 13 implement implement VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 14 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 15 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 16 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 18 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 19 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 20 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 21 been be VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 22 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 23 source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 24 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 25 political political JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 26 tension tension NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 27 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 28 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 29 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 30 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 31 authorities authority NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 16 32 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 17 1 2 2 LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 2 centralized centralized JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 3 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 4 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 5 offers offer VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 7 particularly particularly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 8 interesting interesting JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 9 contrast contrast NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 10 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 12 US US NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 14 where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 16 policy policy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 17 response response NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 18 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 19 limited limit VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 20 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 21 co co JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 22 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 23 ordination ordination NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 24 -and -and : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 25 none none NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 26 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 27 regards regard NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 28 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 29 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 18 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 2 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 3 paper paper NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 4 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 6 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 8 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 9 academics academic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 11 use use VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 12 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 13 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 14 source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 15 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 16 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 17 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 18 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 19 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 20 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 21 granular granular JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 22 European european JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 23 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 24 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 19 25 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 2 combine combine VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 3 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 4 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 5 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 6 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 8 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 9 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 10 analyse analyse VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 12 impact impact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 13 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 14 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 15 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 16 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 17 both both CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 18 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 19 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 20 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 21 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 22 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 20 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 1 Using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 2 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 3 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 4 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 5 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 6 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 7 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 8 methodology methodology NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 11 estimate estimate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 13 impact impact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 15 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 16 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 17 imposed impose VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 18 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 20 late late JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 21 summer summer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 23 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 24 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 25 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 26 number number NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 27 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 28 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 29 cities city NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 30 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 31 examining examine VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 32 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 33 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 34 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 35 both both DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 36 containment containment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 37 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 38 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 39 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 40 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 41 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 21 42 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 2 study study NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 3 makes make VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 4 two two CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 5 main main JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 6 contributions contribution NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 22 7 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 1 First first RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 4 introduce introduce VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 5 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 6 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 7 source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 8 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 9 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 10 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 11 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 13 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 14 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 15 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 16 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 23 17 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 24 1 -Fable -fable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 1 Data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 2 -that -that NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 3 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 4 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 5 used use VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 6 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 7 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 8 research research NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 9 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 11 inform inform VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 12 policymaking policymaking NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 25 13 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 3 contain contain VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 4 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 6 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 7 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 8 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 9 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 10 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 11 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 12 updated update VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 13 daily daily RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 15 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 16 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 17 representative representative JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 18 samples sample NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 19 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 20 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 21 bank bank NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 22 accounts account NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 23 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 24 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 25 cards card NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 26 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 27 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 28 individual individual JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 29 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 30 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 31 identifiers identifier NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 32 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 33 geocode geocode VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 34 identifiers identifier NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 26 35 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 2 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 3 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 4 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 5 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 7 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 8 correlated correlate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 10 leading lead VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 11 indicator indicator NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 12 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 13 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 14 Bank Bank NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 15 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 16 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 17 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 27 18 -data -data . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 1 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 2 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 3 only only RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 4 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 5 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 6 aggregated aggregate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 7 form form NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 28 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 1 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 2 many many JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 3 months month NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 4 lag lag VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 5 -in -in CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 6 contrast contrast NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 7 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 8 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 9 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 10 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 11 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 12 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 13 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 14 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 15 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 16 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 18 disaggregated disaggregated JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 20 correlation correlation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 21 coefficient coefficient NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 23 0.91 0.91 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 24 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 25 2018 2018 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 26 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 27 June June NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 28 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 29 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 3 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 4 applicable applicable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 7 broad broad JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 8 variety variety NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 10 questions question NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 13 analysis analysis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 15 individual individual JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 16 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 17 behavior behavior NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 30 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 2 present present VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 3 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 4 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 5 opportunity opportunity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 6 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 7 researchers researcher NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 8 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 9 measure measure VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 10 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 12 arguably arguably RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 13 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 14 reliable reliable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 15 ways way NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 16 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 17 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 18 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 19 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 20 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 21 surveys survey NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 22 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 23 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 24 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 25 become become VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 26 less less RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 27 reliable reliable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 28 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 29 recent recent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 30 decades decade NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 31 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 32 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 33 prompted prompt VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 34 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 35 variety variety NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 36 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 37 initiatives initiative NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 38 aimed aim VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 39 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 40 improving improve VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 41 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 42 measurement measurement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 43 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 44 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 46 see see VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 47 Browning Browning NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 48 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 49 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 50 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 51 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 52 2014 2014 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 31 53 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 1 Landais Landais NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 2 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 3 Spinnewijn Spinnewijn NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 4 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 5 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 32 7 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 3 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 5 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 6 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 7 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 8 recovery recovery NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 10 spending spend VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 11 April April NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 12 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 13 August August NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 14 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 15 had have VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 16 stalled stall VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 18 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 19 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 20 October October NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 21 varies vary VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 22 across across IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 23 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 24 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 25 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 26 geographies geography NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 33 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 1 Second second RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 4 advance advance VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 5 understanding understanding NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 8 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 9 costs cost NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 11 mitigation mitigation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 12 strategies strategy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 13 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 14 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 16 second second JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 17 wave wave NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 18 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 19 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 34 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 2 use use NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 3 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 4 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 5 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 6 economically economically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 7 important important JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 9 policy policy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 10 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 11 relevant relevant JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 12 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 13 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 14 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 15 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 16 writing writing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 18 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 19 policymakers policymaker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 20 around around IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 21 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 22 world world NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 23 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 24 grappling grapple VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 25 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 26 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 27 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 28 both both DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 29 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 30 second second JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 31 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 32 third third JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 33 waves wave NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 34 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 35 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 36 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 37 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 38 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 39 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 40 keep keep VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 41 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 42 recoveries recovery NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 43 going go VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 35 44 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 1 Local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 2 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 3 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 4 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 5 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 6 source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 8 tensions tension NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 9 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 10 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 11 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 12 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 13 governments government NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 15 thus thus RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 16 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 17 research research NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 18 may may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 19 help help VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 20 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 21 inform inform VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 22 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 23 disputes dispute NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 36 24 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 2 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 3 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 4 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 6 study study VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 7 apply apply VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 8 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 9 cities city NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 10 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 11 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 12 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 37 13 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 2 restrict restrict VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 3 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 4 many many JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 5 individuals individual NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 6 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 7 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 8 mix mix VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 9 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 10 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 12 what what WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 13 settings setting NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 15 e.g. e.g. IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 16 restaurants restaurant NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 18 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 19 under under IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 20 what what WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 21 requirements requirement NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 23 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 24 outside outside RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 25 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 26 wearing wear VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 27 masks mask NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 38 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 1 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 2 key key JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 3 policy policy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 4 design design NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 5 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 6 trying try VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 7 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 8 enable enable VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 9 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 11 keep keep VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 12 consuming consume VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 13 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 14 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 15 secure secure JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 16 settings setting NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 17 while while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 18 limiting limit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 20 interactions interaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 21 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 22 less less RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 23 secure secure JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 24 settings setting NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 26 e.g. e.g. IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 27 households household NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 28 visiting visit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 29 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 30 others other NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 31 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 32 homes home NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 39 34 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 2 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 3 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 4 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 5 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 6 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 7 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 8 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 9 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 10 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 40 11 -covering -covere VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 1 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 2 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 3 four four CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 4 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 5 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 6 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 7 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 8 -3 -3 NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 9 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 10 turn turn VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 12 tide tide NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 13 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 14 rising rise VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 15 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 16 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 41 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 42 1 3 3 LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 2 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 3 so so RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 4 without without IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 6 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 7 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 9 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 10 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 11 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 12 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 13 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 15 observed observe VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 16 accompanying accompany VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 18 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 19 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 20 wave wave NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 21 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 22 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 23 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 24 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 25 early early JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 26 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 43 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 2 reach reach VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 3 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 4 conclusion conclusion NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 5 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 7 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 8 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 10 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 11 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 12 design design NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 13 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 14 compares compare VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 16 evolution evolution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 17 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 18 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 19 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 20 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 21 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 22 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 23 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 24 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 25 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 26 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 27 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 28 compared compare VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 29 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 30 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 31 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 32 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 33 nearby nearby JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 34 locality locality NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 35 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 36 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 37 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 38 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 39 restrictions restriction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 44 40 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 2 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 3 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 4 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 6 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 7 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 8 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 9 designed design VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 11 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 12 interpreted interpret VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 13 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 14 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 15 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 16 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 45 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 46 1 4 4 LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 3 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 4 -both -both CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 5 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 6 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 7 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 8 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 47 9 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 1 -large -large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 2 drops drop NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 3 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 4 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 5 when when WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 6 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 7 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 8 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 9 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 10 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 11 wave wave NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 12 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 13 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 14 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 15 occurred occur VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 48 16 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 3 there there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 4 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 5 little little JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 6 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 7 if if IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 8 any any DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 10 declines decline VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 12 spending spend VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 13 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 15 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 16 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 49 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 1 Estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 2 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 4 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 6 path path NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 8 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 10 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 11 contrast contrast NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 13 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 14 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 15 while while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 16 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 17 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 18 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 19 continue continue VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 20 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 21 rise rise VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 22 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 24 onset onset NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 25 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 26 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 27 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 28 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 30 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 31 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 32 take take VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 33 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 34 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 35 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 36 effect effect NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 38 they -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 39 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 40 start start VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 41 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 42 stabilize stabilize VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 43 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 44 indicating indicate VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 45 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 46 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 47 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 48 had have VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 49 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 50 short short JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 51 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 52 term term NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 53 success success NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 50 54 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 1 While while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 3 evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 4 indicates indicate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 5 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 6 initial initial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 7 successes success NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 8 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 9 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 10 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 11 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 12 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 13 late late JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 14 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 15 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 16 October October NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 17 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 19 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 21 along along IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 22 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 23 many many JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 24 European european JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 25 countries country NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 27 experienced experience VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 28 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 29 rapid rapid JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 30 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 31 nationwide nationwide JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 32 rise rise NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 33 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 34 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 35 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 37 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 38 cause cause NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 39 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 40 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 41 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 42 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 43 yet yet RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 44 clear clear JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 51 46 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 2 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 3 led lead VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 4 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 5 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 6 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 8 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 9 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 10 introduced introduce VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 12 mid mid NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 13 - - NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 14 October October NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 15 including include VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 16 shutting shut VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 17 down down RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 18 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 19 businesses business NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 20 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 21 active active JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 22 discussions discussion NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 23 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 24 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 25 return return NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 26 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 27 another another DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 28 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 29 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 52 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 1 Whether whether IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 2 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 3 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 4 range range NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 5 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 6 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 7 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 8 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 9 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 10 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 11 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 12 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 13 imposed impose VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 15 considered consider VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 16 result result NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 18 changes change NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 19 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 20 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 21 more more JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 22 like like IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 24 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 25 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 26 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 27 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 28 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 29 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 30 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 31 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 32 study study VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 33 here here RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 34 will will MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 35 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 36 profoundly profoundly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 37 different different JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 38 implications implication NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 39 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 40 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 41 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 42 economy economy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 43 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 44 prospects prospect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 45 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 46 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 47 countries country NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 48 facing face VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 49 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 50 secondary secondary JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 51 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 52 waves wave NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 53 53 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 2 study study NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 3 contributes contribute VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 4 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 5 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 6 burgeoning burgeon VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 7 literature literature NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 8 understanding understand VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 10 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 11 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 12 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 13 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 54 14 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 1 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 2 variety variety NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 4 early early JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 5 studies study NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 6 showed show VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 7 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 9 onset onset NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 12 dramatically dramatically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 13 changed change VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 14 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 15 behavior behavior NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 55 16 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 2 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 3 study study NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 4 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 5 do do VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 6 so so RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 7 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 8 Baker Baker NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 9 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 10 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 56 11 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 2 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 4 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 5 US US NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 6 fintech fintech NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 7 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 9 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 10 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 11 Opportunity opportunity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 12 Insights Insights NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 14 Chetty Chetty NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 15 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 16 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 17 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 18 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 19 2020a 2020a CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 21 b b LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 23 produced produce VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 24 3 3 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 25 https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-52934822 https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-52934822 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 57 26 4 4 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 2 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 3 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 4 common common JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 5 pre pre NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 6 - - NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 7 trends trend NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 8 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 9 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 11 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 12 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 14 however however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 15 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 16 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 17 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 18 observe observe VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 19 noticeable noticeable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 20 increases increase NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 21 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 22 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 23 number number NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 24 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 25 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 26 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 27 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 28 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 29 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 30 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 31 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 32 just just RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 33 before before IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 34 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 35 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 36 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 37 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 58 38 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 2 nature nature NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 4 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 5 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 6 explain explain VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 7 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 8 behavior behavior NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 9 -a -a HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 10 key key JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 11 component component NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 12 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 13 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 14 increase increase VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 15 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 16 capacity capacity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 18 thus thus RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 20 number number NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 21 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 22 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 23 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 24 will will MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 25 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 26 expected expect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 27 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 28 rise rise VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 59 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 1 However however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 3 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 4 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 5 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 8 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 9 had have VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 10 rises rise NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 11 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 12 appear appear VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 13 too too RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 14 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 15 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 16 sharp sharp JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 17 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 18 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 19 driven drive VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 20 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 21 differential differential JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 22 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 23 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 24 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 25 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 26 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 27 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 28 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 29 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 30 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 31 less less RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 32 suitable suitable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 33 counterfactuals counterfactual NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 60 34 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 1 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 2 dashboard dashboard NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 3 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 4 multiple multiple JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 5 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 6 sources source NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 7 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 8 track track VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 9 regional regional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 10 US US NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 11 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 12 behavior behavior NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 13 alongside alongside IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 14 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 15 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 16 indicators indicator NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 61 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 62 1 5 5 LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 1 Beyond beyond IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 2 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 3 US US NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 4 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 5 exercises exercise NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 6 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 7 been be VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 8 carried carry VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 9 out out RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 11 understand understand VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 12 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 13 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 14 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 16 early early JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 17 stages stage NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 18 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 20 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 21 -showing -showe VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 22 remarkably remarkably RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 23 consistent consistent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 24 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 26 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 27 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 28 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 29 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 30 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 31 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 63 32 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 1 Bounie Bounie NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 2 et et FW cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 64 7 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 1 Bourquin Bourquin NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 7 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 8 Campos Campos NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 9 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 10 Vazquez Vazquez NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 11 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 12 Esquivel Esquivel NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 14 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 15 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 16 Carvalho Carvalho NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 17 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 18 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 65 19 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 1 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 2 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 3 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 4 Chen Chen NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 5 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 6 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 7 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 9 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 66 10 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 67 1 Chronopoulos Chronopoulos NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 67 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 67 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 67 4 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 1 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 2 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 3 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 4 Horvath Horvath NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 5 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 6 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 7 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 9 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 68 10 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 1 Surico Surico NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 7 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 8 Watanabe Watanabe NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 9 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 10 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 11 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 69 15 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 70 1 Analysis analysis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 70 2 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 70 3 JP JP NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 70 4 Morgan Morgan NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 70 5 Chase Chase NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 70 6 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 2 Cox Cox NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 3 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 4 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 5 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 6 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 7 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 8 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 9 Farrell Farrell NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 10 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 11 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 12 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 14 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 71 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 2 Aum Aum NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 3 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 4 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 5 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 6 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 7 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 8 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 9 Beach Beach NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 10 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 11 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 12 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 14 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 15 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 16 Barro Barro NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 17 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 18 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 19 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 21 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 72 22 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 1 Coibion Coibion NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 7 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 8 Correia Correia NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 9 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 10 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 11 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 14 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 15 Cui Cui NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 16 et et FW cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 17 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 73 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 1 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 2 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 3 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 4 Dave Dave NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 5 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 6 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 7 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 9 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 74 10 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 1 Friedson Friedson NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 7 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 8 Hacioglu Hacioglu NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 9 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 10 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 11 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 14 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 15 Glover Glover NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 16 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 17 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 18 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 75 20 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 1 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 2 Guerrieri Guerrieri NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 3 et et FW cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 4 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 5 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 6 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 7 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 8 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 9 Hall Hall NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 10 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 11 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 12 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 14 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 76 15 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 1 Lilley Lilley NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 77 7 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 1 Miles Miles NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 4 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 6 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 7 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 8 Jones Jones NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 9 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 10 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 11 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 14 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 15 Toxvaerd Toxvaerd NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 16 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 17 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 18 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 19 Wang Wang NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 21 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 78 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 2 combine combine VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 3 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 4 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 5 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 7 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 8 identified identify VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 9 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 10 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 11 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 12 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 13 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 14 framework framework NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 15 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 16 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 17 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 18 provided provide VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 19 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 20 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 21 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 22 Limited Limited NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 79 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 1 6 6 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 2 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 3 current current JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 5 checking check VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 7 accounts account NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 80 8 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 1 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 3 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 5 account account NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 6 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 7 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 9 hence hence RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 11 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 12 follow follow VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 13 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 14 behavior behavior NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 16 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 17 individual individual JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 18 account account NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 19 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 20 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 81 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 82 1 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 1 Fable fable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 4 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 6 recently recently RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 7 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 8 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 9 data data NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 10 sets set NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 11 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 12 financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 13 aggregators aggregator NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 15 service service NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 16 providers provider NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 18 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 19 does do VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 20 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 21 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 22 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 23 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 24 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 25 limitations limitation NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 26 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 27 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 28 datasets dataset NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 29 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 30 uses use VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 31 anonymised anonymised JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 32 customer customer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 33 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 83 34 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 84 1 9 9 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 2 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 3 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 4 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 6 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 7 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 8 standard standard JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 9 classification classification NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 10 merchant merchant NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 11 category category NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 12 code code NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 13 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 15 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 16 type type NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 85 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 1 Fable fable NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 2 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 3 produces produce VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 5 own own JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 6 categorizations categorization NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 8 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 10 utilizing utilize VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 12 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 13 granular granular JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 14 information information NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 16 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 17 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 18 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 19 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 20 strings string NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 86 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 3 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 4 differentiate differentiate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 5 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 6 online online NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 7 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 8 store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 9 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 10 based base VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 11 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 87 12 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 2 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 3 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 4 account account NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 6 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 8 postcode postcode NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 9 sector sector NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 12 cardholder cardholder NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 13 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 14 address address NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 88 15 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 2 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 3 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 4 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 5 postcode postcode NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 6 sectors sector NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 7 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 8 very very RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 9 granular granular JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 10 geographies geography NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 11 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 12 There there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 13 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 14 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 15 11,000 11,000 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 16 postcode postcode NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 17 sectors sector NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 18 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 20 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 21 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 22 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 23 sector sector NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 24 containing contain VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 25 approximately approximately RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 26 3,000 3,000 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 27 addresses address NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 89 28 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 1 Where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 2 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 3 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 4 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 5 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 6 linked link VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 7 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 8 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 9 particular particular JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 10 store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 11 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 13 full full JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 14 address address NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 15 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 16 that that DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 17 store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 18 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 19 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 90 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 1 Where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 2 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 3 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 4 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 5 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 7 listed list VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 8 firm firm NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 10 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 11 tags tag NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 12 merchants merchant NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 13 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 15 parent parent NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 16 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 18 stock stock NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 19 market market NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 20 tickers ticker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 91 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 2 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 3 study study NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 5 focus focus VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 6 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 7 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 8 denominated denominate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 10 British british JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 11 pounds pound NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 12 sterling sterling NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 13 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 14 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 15 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 16 based base VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 17 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 18 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 19 accounts account NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 20 held hold VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 21 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 22 consumers consumer NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 92 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 93 1 10 10 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 2 median median NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 3 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 4 mean mean VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 5 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 6 values value NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 7 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 8 £ £ $ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 9 15 15 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 11 £ £ $ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 12 39 39 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 13 respectively respectively RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 94 14 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 1 Transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 2 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 3 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 4 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 5 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 6 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 7 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 8 volatile volatile JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 95 9 -even -even VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 1 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 2 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 3 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 4 volumes volume NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 5 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 6 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 7 -and -and : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 9 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 10 strong strong JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 11 movements movement NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 12 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 13 high high JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 14 frequency frequency NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 15 due due IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 16 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 17 seasonality seasonality NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 18 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 19 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 20 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 21 week week NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 22 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 96 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 2 therefore therefore RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 3 follow follow VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 4 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 5 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 6 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 7 smooth smooth VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 9 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 10 volumes volume NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 11 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 12 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 13 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 14 used use VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 15 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 16 Opportunity Opportunity NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 17 Insights Insights NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 18 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 19 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 20 US US NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 97 21 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 98 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 98 2 Chetty Chetty NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 98 3 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 98 4 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 98 5 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 1 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 2 2020b 2020b CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 3 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 4 a a LS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 6 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 7 aggregating aggregate VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 8 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 9 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 10 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 11 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 13 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 15 geography geography NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 17 interest interest NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 18 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 19 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 20 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 21 seven seven CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 22 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 23 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 24 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 26 dividing divide VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 27 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 28 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 29 previous previous JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 30 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 31 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 32 value value NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 99 33 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 1 11 11 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 2 Finally finally RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 3 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 5 normalize normalize VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 6 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 7 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 8 setting set VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 9 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 10 index index NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 11 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 12 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 13 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 15 mean mean JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 16 value value NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 17 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 18 -28 -28 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 19 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 20 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 100 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 101 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 101 2 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 101 3 construct construct VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 101 4 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 2 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 3 where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 4 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 5 individual individual NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 6 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 7 multiple multiple JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 8 accounts account NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 11 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 12 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 13 link link VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 14 multiple multiple JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 15 accounts account NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 16 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 18 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 19 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 20 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 21 individual individual NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 22 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 23 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 24 aggregate aggregate VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 25 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 26 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 27 geographic geographic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 28 region region NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 102 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 1 9 9 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 2 Baker Baker NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 4 2018 2018 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 6 provides provide VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 7 validation validation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 9 application application NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 11 US US NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 12 financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 13 aggregator aggregator NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 14 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 103 15 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 1 Financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 2 aggregator aggregator NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 3 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 4 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 6 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 7 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 8 widely widely RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 9 shared share VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 10 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 11 research research NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 12 purposes purpose NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 13 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 14 MoneyDashBoard moneydashboard NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 15 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 16 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 17 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 18 based base VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 19 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 20 fintech fintech NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 22 Chronopoulos Chronopoulos NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 23 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 24 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 25 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 26 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 27 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 104 28 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 105 1 Bourquin Bourquin NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 105 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 105 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 105 4 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 1 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 2 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 3 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 4 Surico Surico NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 5 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 6 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 7 . . NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 9 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 106 11 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 107 1 Bourquin Bourquin NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 107 2 et et NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 107 3 al al NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 107 4 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 2 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 4 analyse analyse VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 6 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 8 MoneyDashBoard moneydashboard NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 9 users user NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 108 10 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 109 1 10 10 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 2 drop drop VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 3 113 113 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 4 individual individual JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 5 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 6 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 7 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 8 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 9 £ £ $ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 10 50k 50k CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 11 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 12 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 13 outliers outlier NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 14 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 15 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 16 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 17 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 18 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 19 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 20 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 21 may may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 22 distort distort VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 23 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 24 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 25 very very RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 26 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 27 geographic geographic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 28 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 110 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 111 1 11 11 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 2 29 29 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 3 February February NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 4 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 6 divide divide VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 7 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 8 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 9 average average NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 11 28 28 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 12 February February NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 13 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 14 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 15 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 16 2019 2019 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 112 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 1 6 6 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 2 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 3 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 4 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 5 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 6 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 7 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 8 28 28 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 9 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 10 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 11 averages average NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 12 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 13 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 14 analogous analogous JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 15 fashion fashion NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 113 16 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 1 Fable fable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 3 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 4 many many JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 5 useful useful JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 6 features feature NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 7 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 8 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 9 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 10 timeliness timeliness NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 13 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 14 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 16 next next JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 17 working work VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 18 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 19 whereas whereas IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 20 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 21 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 22 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 23 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 24 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 25 only only RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 26 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 27 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 28 lag lag NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 29 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 30 several several JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 31 months month NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 33 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 34 geographic geographic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 35 granularity granularity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 37 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 38 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 39 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 40 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 41 lower low JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 42 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 43 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 44 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 45 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 47 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 48 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 49 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 50 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 51 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 53 enabling enable VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 54 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 55 flexible flexible JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 56 analysis analysis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 57 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 58 aggregated aggregated JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 59 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 60 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 114 62 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 3 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 4 therefore therefore RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 5 potentially potentially RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 6 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 7 use use NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 8 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 9 construct construct VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 10 leading lead VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 11 indicators indicator NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 12 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 13 policymakers policymaker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 15 enable enable VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 16 researchers researcher NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 17 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 18 answer answer VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 19 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 20 broader broad JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 21 set set NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 23 research research NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 24 questions question NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 25 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 26 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 27 previously previously RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 28 possible possible JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 29 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 30 prior prior JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 31 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 32 sources source NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 115 33 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 1 However however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 3 while while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 4 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 5 features feature NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 6 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 7 potentially potentially RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 8 valuable valuable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 11 usefulness usefulness NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 12 depends depend VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 13 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 14 part part NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 16 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 17 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 18 data data NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 19 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 20 relates relate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 21 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 22 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 23 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 24 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 25 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 116 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 1 To to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 2 explore explore VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 3 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 4 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 5 Figure figure NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 6 _SP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 117 7 A1 a1 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 1 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 2 Panel Panel NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 3 A A NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 4 compares compare VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 6 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 7 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 8 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 9 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 10 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 11 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 12 annual annual JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 13 changes change NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 14 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 15 monthly monthly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 16 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 17 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 18 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 19 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 20 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 21 Bank Bank NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 23 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 24 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 26 shows show VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 27 they -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 28 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 29 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 30 correlated correlate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 31 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 32 correlations correlation NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 33 0.91 0.91 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 35 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 36 2018 2018 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 37 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 38 July July NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 39 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 41 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 42 0.90 0.90 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 44 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 45 2019 2019 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 46 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 47 July July NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 48 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 50 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 51 0.98 0.98 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 53 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 54 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 55 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 56 July July NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 57 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 118 59 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 1 Bank Bank NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 2 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 3 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 4 data data NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 5 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 6 only only RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 7 published publish VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 9 aggregated aggregate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 10 form form NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 11 monthly monthly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 12 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 13 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 14 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 15 lag lag NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 17 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 18 July July NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 19 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 20 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 21 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 22 published publish VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 23 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 24 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 25 start start NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 26 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 27 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 119 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 1 Figure Figure NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 2 A1 A1 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 3 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 4 Panel Panel NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 5 B B NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 6 shows show VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 7 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 8 data data NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 9 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 10 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 11 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 13 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 15 28 28 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 16 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 17 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 18 averages average NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 19 -which -which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 20 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 21 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 22 calculated calculate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 23 daily daily RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 24 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 25 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 26 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 27 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 28 -compared -compared JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 29 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 30 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 31 monthly monthly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 32 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 34 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 35 requires require VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 36 waiting wait VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 37 until until IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 38 month month NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 39 end end NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 120 41 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 1 These these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 2 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 3 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 4 averages average NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 5 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 6 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 7 sharp sharp JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 8 drop drop NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 10 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 12 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 14 far far RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 15 earlier early RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 16 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 18 monthly monthly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 19 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 121 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 2 thus thus RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 3 conclude conclude VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 4 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 6 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 7 use use VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 8 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 9 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 10 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 11 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 12 reliable reliable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 13 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 14 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 15 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 16 predictor predictor NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 17 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 18 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 19 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 20 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 21 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 22 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 23 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 24 proxy proxy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 25 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 26 measuring measure VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 27 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 28 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 29 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 122 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 1 On on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 2 aggregate aggregate NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 4 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 6 sharp sharp JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 7 fall fall NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 9 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 10 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 11 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 12 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 13 near near IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 15 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 18 spike spike NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 19 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 20 Covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 21 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 22 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 23 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 24 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 25 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 26 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 27 23 23 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 28 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 29 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 30 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 31 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 32 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 33 fairly fairly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 34 steady steady JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 123 35 recovery recovery NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 124 1 May May MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 125 1 -August -August NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 125 2 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 1 Components component NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 2 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 4 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 5 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 6 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 7 ended end VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 9 June June NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 126 11 July July NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 1 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 3 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 4 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 5 observe observe VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 6 rapid rapid JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 7 boost boost NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 8 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 9 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 10 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 127 11 lifted lift VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 1 -indicating -indicate VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 2 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 3 may may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 4 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 5 been be VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 6 suppressed suppress VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 7 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 8 fear fear NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 10 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 11 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 12 during during IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 13 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 14 early early JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 15 phase phase NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 18 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 128 19 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 2 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 3 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 4 October October NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 5 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 6 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 8 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 9 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 10 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 11 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 12 show show VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 13 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 14 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 16 recovery recovery NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 18 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 19 since since IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 20 April April NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 21 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 22 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 23 stalled stall VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 24 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 25 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 26 started start VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 27 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 28 decline decline VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 129 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 1 To to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 2 understand understand VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 4 potential potential NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 5 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 6 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 7 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 8 further further RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 12 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 13 impacts impact NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 16 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 17 crisis crisis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 18 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 20 disaggregate disaggregate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 21 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 22 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 23 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 24 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 25 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 26 geographies geography NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 130 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 1 Figure figure NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 2 A2 A2 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 3 disaggregates disaggregate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 4 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 5 eight eight CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 6 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 7 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 8 rural rural JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 9 categories category NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 10 created create VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 11 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 13 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 14 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 15 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 16 agency agency NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 17 -the -the CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 18 Office Office NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 19 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 20 National National NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 21 Statistics Statistics NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 23 ONS ONS NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 131 25 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 132 1 12 12 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 2 figures figure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 3 illustrate illustrate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 4 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 5 recovery recovery NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 6 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 7 been be VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 8 fastest fast RBS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 9 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 10 strongest strong JJS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 12 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 13 business business NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 15 education education NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 16 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 17 heritage heritage NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 18 centres centre NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 19 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 20 -such -such CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 21 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 22 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 23 popular popular JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 24 domestic domestic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 25 tourist tourist NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 26 destinations destination NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 27 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 28 thus thus RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 29 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 30 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 31 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 32 line line NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 33 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 34 consumers consumer NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 35 substituting substitute VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 36 foreign foreign JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 37 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 38 domestic domestic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 39 holidays holiday NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 133 40 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 1 Recovery recovery NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 2 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 3 less less RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 4 strong strong JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 5 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 6 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 7 countryside countryside NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 8 living live VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 9 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 10 -predominately -predominately RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 11 rural rural JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 12 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 13 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 14 still still RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 15 noticeably noticeably RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 16 stronger strong JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 17 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 18 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 20 more more JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 21 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 22 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 134 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 2 more more JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 3 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 4 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 6 London London NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 7 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 8 had have VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 9 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 10 steady steady JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 11 recovery recovery NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 12 whereas whereas IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 13 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 14 affluent affluent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 15 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 16 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 18 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 19 services service NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 20 & & CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 21 industrial industrial NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 22 legacy legacy NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 23 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 24 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 26 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 27 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 28 settlements settlement NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 29 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 30 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 31 showing show VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 32 weaker weak JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 33 recoveries recovery NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 34 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 135 35 _SP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 2 use use VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 3 public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 4 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 5 released release VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 6 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 8 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 9 government government NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 10 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 11 details detail VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 13 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 14 affected affect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 15 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 16 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 17 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 18 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 19 including include VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 20 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 21 dates date NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 23 introduction introduction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 24 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 25 cessation cessation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 26 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 27 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 28 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 136 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 1 Each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 2 week week NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 3 Public Public NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 4 Health Health NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 5 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 6 publishes publish VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 7 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 9 Surveillance Surveillance NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 10 Report Report NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 11 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 12 includes include VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 13 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 14 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 15 Watchlist watchlist NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 16 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 17 showing show VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 19 incidence incidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 21 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 22 trend trend NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 24 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 25 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 26 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 27 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 28 government government NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 29 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 31 lower low JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 32 tier tier NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 33 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 34 authorities authority NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 36 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 37 whether whether IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 38 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 39 mixing mixing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 40 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 41 prohibited prohibit VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 42 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 43 lists list NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 44 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 45 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 46 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 47 watchlist watchlist NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 137 48 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 1 13 13 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 2 Scotland Scotland NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 3 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 4 Northern Northern NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 5 Ireland Ireland NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 6 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 7 Wales Wales NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 8 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 9 comparable comparable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 10 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 11 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 13 gather gather VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 138 14 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 1 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 2 Areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 3 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 4 added add VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 6 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 7 Watchlist watchlist NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 8 considering consider VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 9 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 10 variety variety NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 11 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 12 metrics metric NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 13 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 14 professional professional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 15 judgment judgment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 17 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 18 public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 19 health health NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 20 officials official NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 21 according accord VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 22 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 24 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 25 Government Government NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 26 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 27 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 28 Contain Contain NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 29 Framework Framework NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 30 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 139 31 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 1 15 15 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 2 Areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 3 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 5 Watchlist watchlist NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 6 fit fit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 7 into into IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 8 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 10 three three CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 11 categories category NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 140 12 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 141 1 • • NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 142 1 Concern concern NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 142 2 Areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 142 3 -Local -Local . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 1 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 3 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 4 targeted target VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 5 actions action NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 6 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 7 reduce reduce VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 9 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 10 prevalence prevalence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 12 e.g. e.g. IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 13 additional additional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 14 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 15 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 16 care care NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 17 homes home NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 18 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 19 increased increase VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 20 community community NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 21 engagement engagement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 22 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 23 high high JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 24 risk risk NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 25 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 143 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 144 1 • • NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 145 1 Enhanced Enhanced NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 145 2 Support Support NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 145 3 Areas Areas NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 145 4 -More -More NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 1 detailed detailed JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 2 plan plan NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 3 agreed agree VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 4 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 6 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 7 team team NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 9 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 10 additional additional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 11 resources resource NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 12 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 13 provided provide VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 14 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 15 support support VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 16 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 17 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 18 team team NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 19 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 20 control control VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 23 e.g. e.g. DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 24 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 25 expertise expertise NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 26 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 27 additional additional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 28 mobile mobile JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 29 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 30 capacity capacity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 146 32 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 147 1 • • NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 1 Intervention intervention NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 2 Areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 4 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 5 Local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 6 Lockdowns Lockdowns NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 7 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 148 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 1 -Divergence -divergence RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 2 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 4 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 5 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 6 place place NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 7 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 9 rest rest NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 11 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 12 because because IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 13 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 15 significance significance NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 17 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 18 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 19 spread spread NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 21 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 22 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 23 detailed detailed JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 24 action action NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 25 plan plan NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 26 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 27 place place NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 28 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 29 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 30 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 31 resources resource NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 32 augmented augment VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 33 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 34 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 35 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 36 support support NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 37 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 38 control control VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 149 39 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 150 1 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 2 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 3 research research NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 5 focus focus VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 6 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 8 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 151 9 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 1 By by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 2 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 3 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 4 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 5 approximately approximately RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 6 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 7 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 8 four four CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 9 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 10 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 12 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 13 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 14 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 15 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 16 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 17 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 18 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 152 19 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 1 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 2 key key JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 3 feature feature NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 5 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 6 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 7 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 8 imposing impose VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 9 restrictions restriction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 10 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 11 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 12 mixing mixing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 14 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 15 preventing prevent VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 16 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 17 tea tea NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 18 party party NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 19 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 20 someone someone NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 21 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 22 house house NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 24 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 25 permitting permit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 26 visits visit NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 27 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 28 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 29 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 30 secure secure JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 31 settings setting NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 153 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 1 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 2 having have VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 3 tea tea NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 4 outdoor outdoor JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 5 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 7 restaurant restaurant NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 8 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 9 strict strict JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 10 hygiene hygiene NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 11 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 12 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 13 distancing distancing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 14 standards standard NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 16 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 17 order order NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 18 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 19 encourage encourage VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 20 consumers consumer NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 21 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 22 keep keep VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 23 spending spend VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 24 while while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 25 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 26 trying try VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 27 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 28 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 29 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 30 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 154 31 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 1 Across across IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 2 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 3 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 4 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 5 there there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 6 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 7 variation variation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 10 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 11 much much JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 12 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 13 mixing mixing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 14 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 155 15 restricted restrict VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 2 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 3 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 4 Caerphilly Caerphilly NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 5 residents resident NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 6 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 7 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 8 supposed suppose VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 9 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 10 leave leave VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 11 nor nor CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 12 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 13 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 14 come come VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 15 in in RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 156 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 1 16 16 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 2 There there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 3 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 4 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 5 nationwide nationwide JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 7 including include VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 9 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 10 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 11 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 12 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 13 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 157 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 1 government government NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 2 financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 3 incentives incentive NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 4 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 5 encourage encourage VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 6 consumers consumer NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 7 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 8 spend spend VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 9 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 10 much much JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 11 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 13 period period NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 15 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 16 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 17 study study VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 158 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 2 most most RBS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 3 notable notable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 5 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 6 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 7 cuts cut NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 8 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 9 sales sale NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 159 10 taxes taxis NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 2 Value Value NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 3 Added Added NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 4 Tax Tax NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 6 VAT VAT NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 8 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 9 food food NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 10 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 11 accommodation accommodation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 12 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 13 attractions attraction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 14 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 15 20 20 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 16 % % NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 17 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 18 5 5 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 19 % % NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 20 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 21 July July NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 22 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 23 until until IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 24 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 25 2021 2021 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 26 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 27 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 28 Eat eat VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 29 Out out RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 30 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 31 Help help VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 32 Out out RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 33 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 34 scheme scheme NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 35 offering offer VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 36 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 37 50 50 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 38 % % NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 39 discount discount NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 41 up up IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 42 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 43 £ £ $ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 44 10 10 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 45 per per IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 46 person person NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 47 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 48 food food NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 49 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 50 non non JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 51 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 52 alcoholic alcoholic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 53 drink drink NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 55 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 56 eating eat VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 57 out out RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 58 mondays monday NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 59 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 60 tuesdays tuesdays NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 61 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 62 wednesdays wednesday NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 63 during during IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 64 August August NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 65 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 160 66 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 2 use use VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 3 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 4 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 7 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 8 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 9 methodology methodology NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 11 estimate estimate VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 13 relationship relationship NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 14 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 15 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 16 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 18 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 19 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 161 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 2 estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 3 provide provide VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 4 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 5 description description NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 8 evolution evolution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 11 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 12 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 13 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 14 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 15 pre pre JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 16 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 18 post post JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 19 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 20 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 21 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 22 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 23 affected affect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 24 cities city NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 26 comparison comparison NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 27 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 162 28 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 2 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 3 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 4 interpret interpret VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 5 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 6 estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 7 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 8 showing show VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 9 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 10 relationships relationship NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 11 -our -our POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 12 comparison comparison NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 13 cities city NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 14 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 15 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 16 perfect perfect JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 17 counterfactuals counterfactual NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 18 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 20 evolution evolution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 21 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 22 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 23 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 24 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 25 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 26 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 27 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 28 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 29 absence absence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 30 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 31 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 32 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 163 33 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 1 Table Table NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 2 A1 A1 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 3 lists list VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 5 timing timing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 8 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 9 announcements announcement NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 10 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 12 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 13 authorities authority NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 14 affected affect VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 15 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 16 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 17 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 18 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 19 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 20 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 21 compare compare VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 22 against against IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 164 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 1 Where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 2 there there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 3 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 4 multiple multiple JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 5 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 8 same same JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 9 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 10 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 11 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 12 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 13 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 14 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 16 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 17 same same JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 18 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 20 aggregate aggregate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 21 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 23 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 24 South South NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 26 North North NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 27 Lankarkshire Lankarkshire NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 28 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 29 Lanarkshire Lanarkshire NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 165 31 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 2 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 3 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 4 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 6 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 7 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 9 e.g. e.g. RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 10 Belfast Belfast NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 166 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 1 no no DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 2 suitable suitable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 3 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 4 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 5 city city NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 6 exists exist VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 167 7 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 2 display display VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 3 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 4 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 5 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 6 thirteen thirteen CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 7 pairs pair NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 8 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 9 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 11 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 12 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 13 -but -but : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 14 primarily primarily RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 15 focus focus VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 16 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 18 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 19 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 20 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 21 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 22 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 23 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 24 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 25 sample sample NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 26 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 27 Liverpool Liverpool NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 28 offers offer VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 29 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 30 good good JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 31 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 32 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 33 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 34 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 35 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 36 particularly particularly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 37 informative informative JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 38 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 39 considering consider VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 40 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 41 potential potential JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 42 London London NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 43 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 168 44 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 169 1 17 17 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 169 2 16 16 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 1 https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-52934822 https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-52934822 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 2 17 17 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 3 Other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 4 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 5 studied study VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 6 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 7 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 8 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 9 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 10 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 11 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 12 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 13 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 14 Aberdeen Aberdeen NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 15 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 16 Birmingham Birmingham NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 18 Bolton Bolton NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 20 Caerphilly Caerphilly NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 21 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 22 Glasgow Glasgow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 23 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 24 Greater Greater NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 25 Glasgow Glasgow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 26 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 27 Lanarkshire Lanarkshire NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 28 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 29 Leeds Leeds NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 30 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 31 Leicester Leicester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 32 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 33 Newcastle Newcastle NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 34 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 35 Preston Preston NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 36 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 37 Wolverhampton Wolverhampton NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 170 38 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 2 first first RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 3 describe describe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 5 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 6 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 7 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 8 spending spend VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 10 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 11 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 171 12 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 1 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 2 standard standard JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 3 differencesin differencesin NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 4 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 5 differences difference NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 6 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 7 uses use VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 8 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 9 parsimonious parsimonious JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 10 regression regression NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 11 estimation estimation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 12 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 14 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 15 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 16 that that DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 17 presented present VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 18 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 20 Equation equation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 21 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 172 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 2 outcome outcome NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 4 interest interest NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 5 Y Y NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 6 g g NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 7 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 8 t t NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 9 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 10 offline offline JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 11 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 12 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 13 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 14 measured measure VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 15 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 16 changes change NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 18 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 19 index index NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 20 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 21 yearly yearly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 22 changes change NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 23 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 24 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 25 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 26 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 27 average average NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 28 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 29 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 173 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 2 unit unit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 4 observation observation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 5 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 7 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 9 t t NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 11 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 12 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 13 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 14 authority authority NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 15 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 17 g g NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 174 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 1 either either DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 2 subject subject NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 3 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 5 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 6 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 7 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 9 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 10 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 11 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 12 compare compare VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 14 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 175 15 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 1 To to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 2 explain explain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 4 methodology methodology NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 6 draw draw VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 7 upon upon IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 9 example example NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 11 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 176 12 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 1 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 4 treated treated JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 5 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 7 T T NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 8 reat reat NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 9 g g NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 10 = = SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 11 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 13 subject subject NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 14 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 16 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 177 17 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 1 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 3 use use VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 4 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 5 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 6 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 7 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 8 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 10 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 11 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 12 comparable comparable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 13 size size NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 15 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 16 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 17 same same JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 18 part part NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 19 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 20 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 21 country country NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 178 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 179 1 -Liverpool -liverpool NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 180 1 -as -as NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 1 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 2 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 3 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 5 T T NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 6 reat reat NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 7 g g NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 8 = = SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 9 0 0 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 181 11 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 1 Af Af NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 2 ter ter NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 3 t t NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 4 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 5 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 6 indicator indicator NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 7 equal equal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 8 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 9 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 10 if if IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 12 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 13 period period NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 14 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 15 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 16 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 17 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 18 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 19 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 182 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 2 T T NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 3 reat reat NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 4 g g NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 5 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 6 Af af NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 7 ter ter NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 8 t t NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 10 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 12 interaction interaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 13 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 15 above above JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 16 two two CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 17 terms term NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 18 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 20 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 21 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 22 indicator indicator NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 23 equal equal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 24 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 25 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 26 if if IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 27 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 28 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 29 period period NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 30 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 31 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 32 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 33 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 34 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 35 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 36 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 37 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 38 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 39 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 40 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 41 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 42 treated treated JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 43 group group NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 183 44 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 2 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 3 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 4 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 6 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 7 estimation estimation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 8 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 9 allows allow VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 10 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 11 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 12 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 13 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 14 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 15 different different JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 16 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 17 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 18 invariant invariant JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 19 relationships relationship NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 20 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 21 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 23 α α NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 24 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 25 Liverpool Liverpool NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 26 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 27 α α NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 28 + + CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 29 β β NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 30 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 31 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 33 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 34 γ γ NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 35 t t NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 36 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 37 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 38 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 39 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 40 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 41 dummies dummy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 43 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 44 t t NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 45 = = SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 46 −1 −1 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 47 omitted omit VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 49 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 50 control control VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 51 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 52 any any DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 53 common common JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 54 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 55 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 56 varying vary VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 57 factors factor NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 59 e.g. e.g. IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 60 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 61 changes change NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 62 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 63 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 64 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 65 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 66 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 67 policies policy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 68 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 184 69 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 1 δ δ NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 2 t t NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 3 provides provide VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 4 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 5 estimate estimate NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 6 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 8 relationship relationship NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 9 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 10 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 11 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 12 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 13 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 185 14 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 1 To to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 2 better well RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 3 understand understand VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 5 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 6 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 8 modify modify VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 9 Equation equation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 10 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 11 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 12 estimate estimate VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 13 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 14 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 15 specification specification NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 16 creating create VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 17 weekly weekly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 18 dummies dummy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 20 Af Af NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 21 ter ter NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 22 W W NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 23 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 24 g g NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 26 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 27 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 28 weeks week NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 29 preceding precede VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 31 W w NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 32 ∈ ∈ NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 33 { { -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 34 −3 −3 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 35 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 36 −2 −2 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 37 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 38 −1 −1 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 39 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 40 0 0 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 41 } } -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 43 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 44 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 46 W w NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 47 ∈ ∈ NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 48 { { -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 49 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 50 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 51 2 2 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 52 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 53 3 3 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 54 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 55 4 4 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 56 } } -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 186 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 1 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 2 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 3 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 4 where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 6 omitted omit VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 7 weekly weekly JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 8 dummy dummy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 10 W w NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 11 = = SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 12 0 0 NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 14 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 16 seven seven CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 17 days day NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 18 preceding precede VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 20 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 21 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 22 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 24 t t NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 25 = = SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 26 −7 −7 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 27 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 28 t t NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 29 = = SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 30 −1 −1 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 32 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 33 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 34 use use VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 35 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 36 up up IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 37 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 38 four four CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 39 weeks week NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 40 pre pre JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 41 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 42 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 43 post post JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 44 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 187 45 lockdown lockdown JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 188 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 188 2 where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 188 3 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 188 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 188 5 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 2 focus focus VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 3 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 4 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 5 short short JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 6 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 7 window window NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 8 given give VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 10 volatile volatile JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 11 period period NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 13 study study VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 14 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 15 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 16 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 17 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 18 likely likely JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 19 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 20 become become VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 21 less less RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 22 suitable suitable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 23 comparisons comparison NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 24 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 25 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 189 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 2 estimate estimate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 3 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 4 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 5 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 6 OLS OLS NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 7 regression regression NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 8 weighting weighting NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 9 observations observation NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 10 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 12 2019 2019 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 13 resident resident JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 14 population population NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 15 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 16 cluster cluster NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 17 standard standard JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 18 errors error NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 19 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 20 region region NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 190 21 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 191 1 18 18 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 192 1 δ δ NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 192 2 k k NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 193 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 193 2 T T NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 193 3 reat reat NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 193 4 g g NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 194 1 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 194 2 Af Af NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 194 3 ter ter NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 194 4 W w NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 194 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 195 1 g g NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 195 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 195 3 t t NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 195 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 195 5 + + . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 196 1 γ γ NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 196 2 t t NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 196 3 + + CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 197 1 ε ε NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 197 2 g g NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 197 3 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 197 4 t t NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 2 regard regard VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 4 estimation estimation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 5 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 6 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 7 providing provide VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 8 informative informative JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 10 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 11 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 12 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 13 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 14 evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 15 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 16 inform inform VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 17 policymakers policymaker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 198 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 2 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 3 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 4 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 5 interpreted interpret VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 6 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 7 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 8 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 9 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 10 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 11 effect effect NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 12 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 13 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 14 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 15 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 16 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 17 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 18 would would MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 19 require require VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 20 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 21 ' ' `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 22 common common JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 23 trends trend NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 24 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 25 assumption assumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 26 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 27 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 28 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 29 example example NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 30 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 31 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 32 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 33 absence absence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 34 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 35 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 36 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 37 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 38 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 39 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 40 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 41 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 42 would would MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 43 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 44 followed follow VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 45 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 46 common common JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 47 trend trend NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 48 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 49 that that DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 50 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 51 Liverpool Liverpool NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 199 52 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 200 1 19 19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 1 Such such PDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 2 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 3 assumption assumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 4 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 5 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 6 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 7 hold hold VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 8 in in RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 9 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 10 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 11 -particularly -particularly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 12 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 13 longer long JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 14 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 15 horizons horizon NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 16 there there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 17 may may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 18 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 19 spillovers spillover NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 20 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 21 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 22 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 23 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 24 government government NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 25 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 26 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 27 introduced introduce VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 201 28 -hence -hence . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 1 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 2 interpret interpret VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 4 short short JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 6 term term NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 7 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 8 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 9 helpful helpful JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 10 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 11 evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 12 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 13 might may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 14 strongly strongly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 15 suggest suggest VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 16 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 17 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 18 relationship relationship NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 20 due due IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 21 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 22 what what WP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 23 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 24 known know VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 25 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 26 generally generally RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 27 about about IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 28 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 29 transmission transmission NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 30 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 31 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 32 efficacy efficacy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 33 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 34 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 35 distancing distancing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 36 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 202 37 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 2 first first RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 3 examine examine VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 5 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 6 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 8 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 9 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 11 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 203 12 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 2 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 3 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 4 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 5 displayed display VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 7 Figure figure NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 8 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 204 9 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 1 Vertical vertical JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 2 dotted dotted JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 3 lines line NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 4 display display VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 6 timing timing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 9 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 10 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 12 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 15 affecting affect VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 16 both both DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 17 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 18 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 19 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 20 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 22 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 24 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 25 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 27 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 28 0 0 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 30 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 31 only only RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 32 affects affect VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 33 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 35 yellow yellow JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 37 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 38 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 39 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 40 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 42 black black JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 44 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 45 localities locality NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 205 46 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 1 There there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 2 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 3 clear clear JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 4 pre pre JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 5 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 6 lockdown lockdown JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 7 differences difference NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 9 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 10 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 11 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 12 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 13 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 15 comparison comparison NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 16 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 18 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 19 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 20 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 21 introduced introduce VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 22 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 23 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 24 sharp sharp JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 25 increase increase NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 26 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 27 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 28 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 29 rate rate NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 30 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 31 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 32 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 33 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 34 city city NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 35 graphs graph NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 36 shown show VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 206 37 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 1 20 20 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 2 18 18 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 3 Resident resident JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 4 population population NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 5 estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 6 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 7 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 8 Office Office NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 9 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 10 National National NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 11 Statistics Statistics NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 13 ONS ONS NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 207 15 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 208 1 19 19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 1 See see VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 2 Goodman Goodman NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 3 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 4 Bacon Bacon NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 5 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 6 Marcus Marcus NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 8 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 10 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 11 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 12 fuller full JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 13 discussion discussion NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 15 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 16 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 18 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 19 differences difference NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 20 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 21 estimate estimate VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 22 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 23 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 24 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 25 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 26 higher high JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 27 pre pre JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 28 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 29 lockdown lockdown JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 30 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 31 rate rate NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 32 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 33 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 34 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 35 may may MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 36 partially partially RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 37 reflect reflect VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 38 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 39 policy policy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 40 choice choice NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 41 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 42 health health NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 43 authorities authority NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 44 whereby whereby VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 45 more more JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 46 tests test NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 47 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 48 purposefully purposefully RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 49 carried carry VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 50 out out RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 51 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 52 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 53 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 54 government government NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 55 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 56 considering consider VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 57 introducing introduce VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 58 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 59 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 60 restrictions restriction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 209 61 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 3 consistent consistent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 4 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 5 what what WP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 7 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 8 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 10 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 11 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 12 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 13 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 14 continue continue VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 15 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 16 rise rise VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 17 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 19 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 20 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 21 -as -as CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 22 would would MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 23 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 24 expected expect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 25 given give VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 26 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 27 disease disease NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 28 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 29 incubation incubation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 30 period period NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 31 -but -but : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 32 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 33 find find VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 34 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 35 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 36 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 37 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 38 announcement announcement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 39 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 40 rise rise NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 41 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 42 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 43 ceases cease VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 44 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 45 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 46 numbers number NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 47 peak peak NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 48 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 49 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 50 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 51 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 52 off off NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 53 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 54 decline decline VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 210 55 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 2 therefore therefore RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 4 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 5 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 6 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 7 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 8 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 9 effective effective JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 10 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 11 containing contain VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 12 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 13 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 211 14 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 2 estimate estimate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 4 relationship relationship NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 5 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 6 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 7 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 10 evolution evolution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 11 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 12 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 13 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 14 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 15 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 16 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 18 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 19 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 20 regression regression NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 21 model model NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 212 22 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 1 While while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 3 estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 4 should should MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 5 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 6 interpreted interpret VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 7 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 8 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 11 limit limit VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 13 sample sample NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 14 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 15 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 16 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 17 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 18 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 20 pre pre JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 21 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 22 lockdown lockdown JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 23 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 24 indicates indicate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 25 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 26 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 27 comparison comparison NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 28 geography geography NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 29 appears appear VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 30 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 31 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 32 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 33 relatively relatively RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 34 suitable suitable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 35 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 36 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 37 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 38 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 39 locality locality NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 213 40 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 214 1 21 21 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 2 leads lead VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 3 us -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 4 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 5 drop drop VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 6 Bolton Bolton NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 7 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 8 Leicester Leicester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 9 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 10 there there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 11 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 12 far far RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 13 sharper sharp JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 14 rises rise NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 15 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 16 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 17 incidences incidence NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 18 before before IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 20 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 21 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 22 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 24 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 25 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 215 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 2 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 3 drop drop VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 4 Aberdeen Aberdeen NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 5 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 6 Caerphilly Caerphilly NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 7 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 9 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 10 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 11 relatively relatively RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 12 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 13 number number NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 15 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 16 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 17 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 18 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 216 19 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 1 Thus thus RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 3 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 4 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 5 remaining remain VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 6 sample sample NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 7 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 8 six six CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 9 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 10 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 11 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 12 study study VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 13 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 14 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 15 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 16 Birmingham Birmingham NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 17 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 18 Glasgow Glasgow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 20 Greater Greater NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 21 Glasgow Glasgow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 22 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 23 Newcastle Newcastle NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 24 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 25 Preston Preston NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 217 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 2 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 3 regression regression NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 4 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 5 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 6 Table Table NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 7 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 8 quantifies quantify VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 10 relationship relationship NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 11 between between IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 12 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 13 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 14 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 15 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 16 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 218 17 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 2 each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 3 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 4 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 6 coefficient coefficient NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 7 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 8 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 9 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 10 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 11 dummy dummy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 13 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 14 week week NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 15 post post NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 16 - - NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 17 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 18 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 19 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 21 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 22 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 23 most most JJS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 24 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 25 remains remain VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 26 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 27 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 28 two two CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 29 weeks week NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 30 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 31 consistent consistent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 32 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 33 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 34 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 35 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 36 imposed impose VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 37 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 38 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 39 rise rise VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 40 towards towards IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 41 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 42 spike spike NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 219 43 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 2 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 3 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 4 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 5 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 6 horizons horizon NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 7 fall fall VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 10 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 11 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 12 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 13 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 14 becoming become VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 15 negative negative JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 16 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 17 period period NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 18 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 19 month month NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 20 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 21 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 22 imposition imposition NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 23 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 24 he -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 25 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 26 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 27 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 28 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 29 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 30 percent percent NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 31 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 32 tests test NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 33 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 34 however however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 35 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 36 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 37 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 38 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 39 only only RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 40 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 41 weekly weekly NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 42 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 43 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 44 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 45 higher high JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 46 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 47 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 48 geographic geographic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 49 region region NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 51 upper upper JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 52 rather rather RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 53 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 54 lower low JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 55 tier tier NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 56 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 57 authority authority NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 59 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 60 does do VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 61 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 62 align align VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 63 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 64 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 65 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 66 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 67 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 68 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 220 69 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 1 21 21 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 2 Roth Roth NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 4 2018 2018 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 6 highlights highlight VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 8 limitations limitation NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 10 relying rely VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 11 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 12 common common JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 13 pre pre NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 14 - - NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 15 trends trend NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 16 tests test NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 17 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 18 evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 19 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 20 common common JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 21 trends trend NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 22 assumption assumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 23 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 24 estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 25 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 26 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 27 interpreted interpret VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 28 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 29 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 221 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 1 13 13 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 2 findings finding NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 3 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 4 consistent consistent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 5 across across IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 6 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 7 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 222 8 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 1 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 2 broader broad JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 3 set set NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 5 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 6 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 7 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 8 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 9 pairs pair NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 10 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 11 displayed display VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 12 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 13 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 14 same same JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 15 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 16 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 17 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 18 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 19 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 20 Figures figure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 21 A6 A6 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 23 offline offline NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 26 Annex Annex NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 27 Figures figure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 28 A5 A5 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 30 all all DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 32 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 33 3 3 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 35 food food NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 36 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 37 beverage beverage NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 39 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 40 A7 A7 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 42 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 43 store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 44 chains chain NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 45 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 46 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 47 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 48 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 49 average average NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 51 -due -due : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 52 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 53 smaller small JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 54 sample sample NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 55 sizes size NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 56 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 57 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 58 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 59 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 60 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 61 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 62 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 63 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 64 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 65 volatile volatile JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 66 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 67 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 68 consistent consistent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 69 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 223 70 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 2 highlight highlight VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 3 three three CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 4 features feature NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 5 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 6 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 7 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 224 8 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 1 First first RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 4 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 5 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 6 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 7 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 8 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 9 similarly similarly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 10 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 11 timed time VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 12 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 13 sized sized JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 14 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 15 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 16 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 18 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 19 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 225 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 1 Second second RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 4 treatment treatment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 5 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 6 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 7 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 8 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 9 have have VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 10 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 11 trends trend NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 12 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 13 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 14 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 15 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 16 lead lead NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 17 up up RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 18 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 20 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 21 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 22 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 23 announced announce VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 226 24 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 1 Third third RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 3 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 4 contrast contrast NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 6 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 7 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 8 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 9 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 10 observed observe VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 11 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 13 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 14 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 15 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 16 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 17 observe observe VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 18 comparatively comparatively RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 19 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 21 if if IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 22 any any DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 23 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 24 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 25 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 26 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 27 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 28 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 29 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 227 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 2 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 3 analysis analysis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 4 therefore therefore RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 5 indicates indicate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 6 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 7 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 8 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 9 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 10 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 11 having have VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 13 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 14 negative negative JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 15 effect effect NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 16 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 17 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 18 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 20 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 21 wave wave NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 24 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 26 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 27 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 28 did do VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 228 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 2 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 3 regression regression NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 4 results result NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 6 Table table NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 7 2 2 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 9 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 10 show show VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 11 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 13 however however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 15 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 16 caveat caveat VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 18 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 19 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 20 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 21 weeks week NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 22 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 23 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 24 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 25 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 26 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 27 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 28 lower low JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 229 29 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 1 For for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 2 example example NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 3 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 4 Manchester Manchester NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 5 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 7 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 8 no no RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 9 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 10 so so RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 11 than than IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 13 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 14 observed observe VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 15 pre pre JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 16 - - JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 17 lockdown lockdown JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 18 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 19 certainly certainly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 20 nowhere nowhere RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 21 near near IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 22 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 23 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 24 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 25 accompanying accompany VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 26 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 27 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 28 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 29 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 30 shutdown shutdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 230 31 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 2 introduce introduce VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 3 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 4 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 5 real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 6 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 7 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 8 source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 10 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 11 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 12 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 14 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 15 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 16 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 17 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 18 correlated correlate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 20 leading lead VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 21 indicator indicator NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 22 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 23 official official JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 24 statistics statistic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 25 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 26 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 27 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 28 available available JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 29 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 30 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 31 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 231 32 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 2 use use VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 3 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 4 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 5 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 6 reveal reveal VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 8 disparate disparate JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 9 impacts impact NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 10 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 11 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 12 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 13 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 14 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 15 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 16 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 18 regional regional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 19 geographies geography NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 232 20 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 2 analysis analysis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 3 studies study NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 4 how how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 5 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 6 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 7 responds respond VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 8 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 9 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 10 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 11 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 12 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 13 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 14 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 15 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 16 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 17 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 18 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 19 approach approach NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 21 comparing compare VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 22 nearby nearby JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 23 cities city NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 24 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 25 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 26 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 233 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 1 In in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 2 contrast contrast NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 3 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 5 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 6 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 7 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 8 observed observe VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 9 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 10 March March NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 11 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 14 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 15 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 16 find find VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 17 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 18 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 19 declines decline NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 20 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 21 response response NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 22 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 23 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 24 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 25 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 234 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 1 Instead instead RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 3 find find VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 4 little little JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 6 if if IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 7 any any DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 9 decline decline NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 10 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 11 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 12 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 235 13 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 1 Using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 2 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 3 same same JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 4 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 7 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 8 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 9 methodology methodology NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 11 find find VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 12 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 13 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 14 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 15 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 16 typically typically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 17 appear appear VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 18 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 19 turn turn VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 20 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 21 tide tide NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 22 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 23 rising rise VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 24 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 25 positive positive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 26 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 236 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 2 thus thus RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 3 conclude conclude VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 4 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 6 appears appear VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 7 possible possible JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 8 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 9 policymakers policymaker NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 10 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 11 use use VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 12 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 13 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 14 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 15 restricting restrict VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 16 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 17 mixing mixing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 18 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 19 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 20 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 21 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 22 without without IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 23 killing kill VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 24 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 25 economies economy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 237 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 1 However however RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 2 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 4 caveat caveat VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 5 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 6 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 7 noting note VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 8 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 10 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 11 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 12 such such JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 13 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 14 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 15 mitigate mitigate VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 16 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 17 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 18 itself -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 19 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 20 expected expect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 21 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 22 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 23 highly highly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 24 dependent dependent JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 25 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 26 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 27 effective effective JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 28 system system NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 29 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 30 testing testing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 31 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 32 isolate isolate VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 33 which which WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 34 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 35 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 36 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 37 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 38 contain contain VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 39 infected infected JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 40 individuals individual NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 238 41 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 3 also also RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 4 expected expect VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 5 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 6 depend depend VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 7 upon upon IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 8 co co NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 9 - - NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 10 ordination ordination NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 11 across across IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 12 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 13 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 14 governments government NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 15 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 16 ensure ensure VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 17 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 18 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 19 one one CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 20 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 21 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 22 contained contain VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 23 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 24 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 25 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 26 spillover spillover VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 27 into into IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 28 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 29 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 239 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 1 While while IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 3 evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 4 indicates indicate VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 5 some some DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 6 initial initial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 7 successes success NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 8 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 9 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 10 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 11 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 13 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 15 along along IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 16 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 17 many many JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 18 European european JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 19 countries country NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 21 experienced experience VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 22 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 23 rapid rapid JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 24 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 25 nationwide nationwide JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 26 rise rise NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 27 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 28 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 29 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 30 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 31 late late JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 32 September September NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 33 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 34 October October NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 35 following follow VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 36 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 37 end end NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 38 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 39 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 40 summer summer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 41 holidays holiday NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 42 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 43 reopening reopen VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 44 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 45 schools school NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 46 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 47 universities university NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 49 though though IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 50 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 51 cause cause NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 52 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 53 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 54 wave wave NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 55 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 56 sudden sudden JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 57 rise rise NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 58 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 59 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 60 yet yet RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 61 clear clear JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 63 indicating indicate VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 64 that that IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 65 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 66 system system NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 67 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 68 nationwide nationwide JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 69 containment containment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 70 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 71 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 72 isolating isolate VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 73 cases case NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 74 early early RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 75 enough enough RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 76 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 77 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 78 effective effective JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 240 79 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 1 At at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 2 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 3 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 5 writing write VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 7 rapid rapid JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 8 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 9 nationwide nationwide RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 11 outbreak outbreak NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 12 has have VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 13 resulted result VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 14 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 15 government government NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 16 imposing impose VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 17 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 18 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 19 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 20 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 21 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 22 system system NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 23 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 24 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 25 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 26 that that WDT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 27 includes include VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 28 forced force VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 29 business business NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 30 closures closure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 31 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 32 there there EX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 33 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 34 public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 35 debate debate NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 36 over over IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 37 imposing impose VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 38 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 39 potential potential JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 40 circuit circuit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 41 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 42 breaker breaker NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 43 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 44 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 241 45 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 1 Whether whether IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 2 this this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 3 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 4 range range NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 5 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 6 more more RBR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 7 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 8 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 9 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 10 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 11 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 12 being be VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 13 imposed impose VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 14 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 15 considered consider VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 16 result result NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 17 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 18 changes change NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 19 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 20 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 21 more more JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 22 like like IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 24 first first JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 25 national national JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 26 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 27 or or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 28 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 29 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 30 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 31 we -PRON- PRP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 32 study study VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 33 here here RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 34 will will MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 35 have have VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 36 profoundly profoundly RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 37 different different JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 38 implications implication NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 39 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 40 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 41 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 42 economy economy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 43 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 44 prospects prospect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 45 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 46 other other JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 47 countries country NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 48 facing face VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 49 similar similar JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 50 secondary secondary JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 51 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 52 waves wave NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 242 53 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 243 1 Note note VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 243 2 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 244 1 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 244 2 p<0.05 p<0.05 XX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 244 3 ; ; . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 1 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 2 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 3 p<0.01 p<0.01 XX cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 4 ; ; : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 5 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 6 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 7 * * NFP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 8 p<0.001 p<0.001 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 9 OLS OLS NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 10 regression regression NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 11 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 12 specified specify VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 13 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 14 Equation equation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 15 2 2 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 16 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 17 fixed fix VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 18 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 19 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 20 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 21 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 22 days day NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 245 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 1 Areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 2 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 3 weighted weight VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 4 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 6 2019 2019 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 7 resident resident NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 8 population population NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 246 9 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 1 Standard standard JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 2 errors error NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 3 clustered cluster VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 4 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 5 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 6 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 247 7 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 1 Each each DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 2 column column NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 4 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 5 different different JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 6 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 7 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 8 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 9 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 10 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 12 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 14 nearby nearby JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 15 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 16 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 248 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 1 Daily Daily NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 2 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 3 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 4 4 4 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 5 weeks week NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 6 pre pre VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 7 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 8 post post VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 9 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 10 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 12 3 3 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 13 weeks week NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 14 post post VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 15 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 16 Newcastle Newcastle NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 249 18 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 1 Outcome outcome NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 3 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 4 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 5 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 6 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 7 index index NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 8 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 9 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 10 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 11 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 12 average average NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 13 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 14 offline offline JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 15 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 16 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 17 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 18 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 250 19 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 1 Outcome outcome NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 2 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 3 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 4 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 5 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 6 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 7 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 8 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 9 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 10 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 11 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 12 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 13 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 14 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 15 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 16 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 17 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 18 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 20 = = VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 21 1)to 1)to CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 22 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 23 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 24 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 25 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 26 - - SYM cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 27 28 28 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 28 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 29 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 251 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 1 Omitted omit VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 2 category category NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 4 week week NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 6 days day NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 7 -7 -7 ADD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 8 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 9 -1 -1 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 11 preceeding preceede VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 12 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 252 13 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 253 1 Notes note NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 253 2 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 254 1 Lower low JJR cord-219681-83p1ujl4 254 2 tier tier NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 254 3 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 254 4 authorities authority NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 254 5 listed list VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 254 6 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 1 This this DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 2 does do VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 3 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 4 include include VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 5 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 6 below below IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 7 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 8 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 9 authority authority NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 10 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 12 e.g. e.g. DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 13 Blaby Blaby NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 15 Charnwood Charnwood NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 16 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 17 Carmarthenshire Carmarthenshire NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 19 where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 20 parts part NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 21 were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 22 locked lock VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 23 down down RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 24 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 255 25 ' ' '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 1 Control Control NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 2 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 3 lists list NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 4 lower lower VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 5 tier tier NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 6 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 7 authorities authority NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 8 chosen choose VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 9 as as IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 10 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 11 groups group NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 12 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 256 13 blank blank JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 1 where where WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 2 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 3 used use VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 4 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 5 analysis analysis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 6 because because IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 7 region region NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 8 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 9 small small JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 10 and/or and/or CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 11 no no DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 12 suitable suitable JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 13 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 14 area area NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 15 exists exist VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 257 16 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 1 Bolton Bolton NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 2 announced announce VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 3 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 4 immediately immediately RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 5 introduced introduce VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 6 requirements requirement NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 7 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 8 5/9 5/9 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 9 but but CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 10 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 11 full full JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 12 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 13 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 14 was be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 15 subsequently subsequently RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 16 announced announce VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 17 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 18 8/9 8/9 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 258 19 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 1 Consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 2 responses response NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 3 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 5 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 6 crisis crisis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 7 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 8 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 9 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 10 bank bank NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 11 account account NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 12 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 259 13 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 1 Covid-19 Covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 2 does do VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 3 n't not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 4 need need VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 5 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 6 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 7 destroy destroy VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 8 jobs job NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 9 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 10 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 11 effect effect NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 12 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 13 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 14 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 15 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 16 korea korea NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 17 Debt Debt NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 18 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 20 response response NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 21 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 22 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 23 income income NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 24 shocks shock NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 25 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 26 Validation validation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 27 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 28 application application NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 29 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 30 linked link VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 31 financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 32 account account NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 260 33 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 1 How how WRB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 2 does do VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 3 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 4 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 5 respond respond NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 7 an an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 8 epidemic epidemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 261 9 ? ? . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 262 1 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 262 2 during during IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 262 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 262 4 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 262 5 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 262 6 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 3 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 5 great great JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 6 influenza influenza NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 7 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 263 8 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 1 Lessons lesson NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 2 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 3 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 4 " " `` cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 5 spanish spanish JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 6 flu flu NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 7 " " '' cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 8 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 9 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 11 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 12 potential potential JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 13 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 14 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 15 mortality mortality NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 16 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 17 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 264 18 activity activity NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 2 1918 1918 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 3 influenza influenza NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 4 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 5 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 6 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 7 lessons lesson NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 8 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 9 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 10 Consumers Consumers NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 11 ' ' POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 12 mobility mobility NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 13 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 14 expenditure expenditure NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 15 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 16 online online JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 17 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 18 offline offline JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 19 substitution substitution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 20 response response NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 21 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 265 22 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 266 1 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 266 2 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 266 3 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 266 4 french french JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 266 5 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 266 6 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 2 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 4 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 5 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 6 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 7 finances finance NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 9 financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 267 10 distress distress NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 2 measurement measurement NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 4 household household NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 5 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 6 expenditures expenditure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 7 Consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 9 geographic geographic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 10 mobility mobility NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 12 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 13 times time NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 14 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 15 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 16 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 17 mexico mexico NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 18 Tracking track VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 20 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 21 crisis crisis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 22 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 23 high high JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 24 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 25 resolution resolution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 26 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 268 27 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 2 impact impact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 5 covid-19 covid-19 JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 6 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 7 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 8 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 9 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 10 Learning learn VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 11 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 12 high high JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 13 frequency frequency NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 14 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 269 15 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 270 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 270 2 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 270 3 impacts impact NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 270 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 270 5 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 1 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 2 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 3 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 4 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 5 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 6 public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 7 database database NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 8 built build VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 9 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 10 private private JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 11 sector sector NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 12 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 13 Real real JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 14 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 15 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 16 economics economic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 17 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 18 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 19 new new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 20 platform platform NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 21 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 22 track track VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 23 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 24 impacts impact NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 25 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 26 covid-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 27 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 28 people people NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 29 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 30 businesses business NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 31 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 32 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 33 communities community NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 34 using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 35 private private JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 36 sector sector NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 37 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 38 Consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 39 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 40 responses response NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 41 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 42 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 43 covid-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 44 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 45 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 46 An an DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 47 assessment assessment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 48 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 49 Great Great NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 271 50 Britain Britain NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 2 cost cost NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 3 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 4 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 5 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 6 crisis crisis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 7 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 8 Lockdowns lockdowns NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 9 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 10 macroeconomic macroeconomic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 11 expectations expectation NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 12 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 13 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 14 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 15 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 16 Pandemics pandemic NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 17 depress depress VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 19 economy economy NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 20 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 21 public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 22 health health NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 23 interventions intervention NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 24 do do VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 25 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 26 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 27 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 28 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 29 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 30 1918 1918 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 31 flu flu NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 32 Initial initial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 33 impacts impact NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 34 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 35 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 36 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 37 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 38 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 39 behavior behavior NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 40 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 41 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 42 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 43 linked link VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 44 income income NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 45 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 46 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 47 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 48 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 49 savings saving NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 50 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 51 Covid-19 Covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 52 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 53 shelter shelter NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 54 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 55 in in RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 56 place place NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 57 strategies strategy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 58 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 59 tipping tipping NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 60 Were be VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 61 urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 62 cowboys cowboy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 63 enough enough JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 64 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 65 control control VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 66 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 272 67 ? ? . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 1 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 2 shelter shelter NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 3 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 4 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 6 place place NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 7 orders order NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 8 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 10 case case NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 11 growth growth NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 12 Consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 13 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 15 unemployment unemployment NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 16 insurance insurance NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 17 during during IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 19 covid-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 273 20 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 1 Did do VBD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 2 california california NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 3 's 's POS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 4 shelter shelter NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 5 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 7 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 8 place place NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 9 order order NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 10 work work NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 274 11 ? ? . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 1 early early JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 3 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 4 related relate VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 5 public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 6 health health NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 7 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 8 Health Health NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 9 versus versus IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 10 wealth wealth NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 275 11 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 1 On on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 2 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 3 distributional distributional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 4 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 5 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 6 controlling control VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 7 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 8 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 9 Using use VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 10 difference difference NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 11 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 12 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 13 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 14 differences difference NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 15 to to TO cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 16 identify identify VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 17 causal causal JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 18 effects effect NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 19 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 20 covid-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 21 policies policy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 22 Covid-19 covid-19 VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 23 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 24 policies policy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 25 at at IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 26 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 27 state state NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 28 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 29 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 30 level level NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 31 Fear fear NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 32 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 33 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 34 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 35 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 36 diversion diversion NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 37 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 38 Comparing compare VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 39 drivers driver NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 40 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 41 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 42 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 43 decline decline NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 44 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 45 Macroeconomic macroeconomic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 46 implications implication NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 47 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 48 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 49 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 50 Can Can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 51 negative negative JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 52 supply supply NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 53 shocks shock NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 54 cause cause VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 55 demand demand NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 56 shortages shortage NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 276 57 ? ? . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 2 distributional distributional JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 3 impact impact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 4 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 5 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 6 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 7 Trading trade VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 8 off off RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 9 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 10 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 11 covid-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 277 12 deaths death NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 2 covid-19 covid-19 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 3 shock shock NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 4 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 5 consumer consumer NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 6 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 7 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 8 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 9 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 10 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 11 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 12 data datum NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 13 Optimal Optimal NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 14 mitigation mitigation NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 15 policies policy NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 16 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 17 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 18 pandemic pandemic NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 19 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 20 Social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 21 distancing distancing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 22 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 23 working work VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 24 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 25 home home NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 26 Introduction introduction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 27 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 28 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 29 special special JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 30 issue:"new issue:"new JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 31 perspectives perspective NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 32 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 33 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 34 measures measure NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 35 Public public JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 36 health health NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 37 interventions intervention NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 38 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 39 economic economic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 40 growth growth NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 41 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 42 Revisiting revisit VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 43 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 44 spanish spanish JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 45 flu flu NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 46 evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 47 Living live VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 48 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 49 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 50 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 51 balancing balancing NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 52 costs cost NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 53 against against IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 54 benefits benefit NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 55 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 56 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 57 face face NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 58 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 59 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 60 virus virus NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 61 Pre pre NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 62 - - NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 63 test test NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 64 with with IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 65 caution caution NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 278 66 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 1 Event event NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 2 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 3 study study NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 4 estimates estimate NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 5 after after IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 6 testing test VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 7 for for IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 8 parallel parallel JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 9 trends trend NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 10 Consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 11 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 12 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 13 time time NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 14 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 15 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 16 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 17 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 18 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 19 uk uk NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 20 transaction transaction NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 21 data data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 22 Equilibrium Equilibrium NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 23 social social JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 24 distancing distance VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 25 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 26 financial financial JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 27 impact impact NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 28 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 29 covid-19 covid-19 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 30 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 31 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 32 united united NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 33 states states NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 34 Online Online NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 35 consumption consumption NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 36 during during IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 37 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 38 covid-19 covid-19 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 39 crisis crisis NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 40 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 41 Evidence evidence NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 42 from from IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 43 japan japan NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 44 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 45 & & CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 46 Bank Bank NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 47 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 279 48 England England NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 280 1 Monthly Monthly NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 280 2 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 280 3 Fable Fable NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 280 4 Data Data NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 1 7,14,28 7,14,28 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 2 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 3 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 4 averages average NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 5 are be VBP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 6 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 7 daily daily JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 10 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 11 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 12 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 13 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 14 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 15 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 18 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 19 average average NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 20 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 21 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 22 prior prior JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 23 Education Education NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 24 & & CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 25 Heritage Heritage NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 26 Sectors Sectors NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 27 C. C. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 281 28 Countryside Countryside NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 282 1 Living Living NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 282 2 D. D. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 282 3 Ethnically ethnically RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 282 4 Diverse diverse JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 1 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 2 Living Living NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 3 E. E. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 4 London London NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 5 Cosmopolitan Cosmopolitan NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 6 F. F. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 7 Services Services NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 8 & & CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 9 Industrial Industrial NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 10 Legacy Legacy NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 11 G. G. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 12 Towns Towns NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 13 & & CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 283 14 Country Country NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 1 Living live VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 2 H. H. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 3 Urban Urban NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 4 Settlements Settlements NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 5 Notes Notes NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 6 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 7 Credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 8 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 9 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 10 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 11 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 12 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 13 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 14 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 15 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 16 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 17 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 18 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 19 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 20 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 21 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 22 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 23 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 24 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 25 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 26 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 27 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 28 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 29 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 284 30 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 2 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 4 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 5 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 10 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 11 -28 -28 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 12 Figure figure NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 13 A3 a3 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 14 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 15 Credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 16 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 17 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 18 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 19 geographic geographic JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 20 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 21 Yorkshire Yorkshire NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 22 & & CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 23 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 24 Humber Humber NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 25 Notes Notes NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 26 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 27 Credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 28 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 29 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 30 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 31 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 32 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 33 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 34 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 35 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 36 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 37 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 38 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 39 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 40 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 41 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 42 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 43 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 44 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 45 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 46 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 47 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 48 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 49 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 285 50 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 2 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 4 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 5 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 10 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 11 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 12 map map NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 13 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 14 these these DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 15 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 16 can can MD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 17 be be VB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 18 found find VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 19 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 20 Annex Annex NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 21 Figure Figure NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 22 1 1 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 286 23 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 1 Figure figure NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 2 A4 a4 NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 3 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 4 UK UK NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 5 Political Political NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 6 Geography Geography NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 7 A. a. NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 8 Urban urban JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 9 - - HYPH cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 10 rural rural JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 11 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 13 Super Super NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 14 Groups Groups NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 287 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 288 1 B. B. NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 288 2 Geographic Geographic NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 288 3 regions region NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 1 Source source NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 2 Overall overall JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 3 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 4 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 5 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 6 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 7 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 8 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 9 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 10 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 289 11 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 2 yellow yellow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 4 compared compare VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 6 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 7 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 8 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 9 locked lock VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 10 down down RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 12 black black NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 14 , , , cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 15 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 16 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 290 17 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 291 1 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 291 2 A a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 291 3 Wolverhampton Wolverhampton NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 291 4 Notes Notes NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 1 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 2 Overall overall JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 3 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 4 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 5 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 6 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 7 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 8 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 9 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 10 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 11 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 12 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 13 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 14 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 15 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 16 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 17 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 18 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 19 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 20 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 21 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 22 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 23 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 24 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 25 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 26 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 292 27 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 2 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 4 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 5 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 10 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 11 -28 -28 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 12 Food food NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 13 and and CC cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 14 beverage beverage NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 15 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 16 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 17 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 18 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 19 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 20 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 21 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 22 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 293 23 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 2 yellow yellow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 4 compared compare VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 6 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 7 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 8 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 9 locked lock VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 10 down down RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 12 black black JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 14 Credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 15 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 16 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 17 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 18 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 19 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 20 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 21 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 22 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 23 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 24 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 25 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 26 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 27 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 28 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 29 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 30 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 31 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 32 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 33 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 34 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 35 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 36 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 37 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 294 38 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 2 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 4 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 5 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 10 Credit Credit NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 11 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 12 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 13 in in IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 14 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 15 store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 16 chains chain NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 17 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 18 subject subject JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 19 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 20 local local JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 295 21 lockdown lockdown NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 2 yellow yellow NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 4 compared compare VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 5 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 6 control control NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 7 areas area NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 8 not not RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 9 locked lock VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 10 down down RP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 12 black black NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 296 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 1 Wolverhampton Wolverhampton NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 2 Notes Notes NNPS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 3 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 4 Store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 5 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 6 based base VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 7 on on IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 8 transactions transaction NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 9 tagged tag VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 10 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 11 large large JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 12 retail retail JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 13 store store NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 14 chain chain NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 15 locations location NNS cord-219681-83p1ujl4 297 16 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 1 Credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 2 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 3 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 4 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 5 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 6 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 7 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 10 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 11 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 12 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 13 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 14 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 15 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 16 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 17 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 18 14 14 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 19 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 20 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 21 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 22 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 23 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 24 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 298 25 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 2 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 4 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 5 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 299 10 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 300 1 -28 -28 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 300 2 Notes Notes NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 300 3 : : : cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 1 Offline offline JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 2 credit credit NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 3 card card NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 4 spending spending NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 5 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 6 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 7 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 8 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 9 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 10 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 11 de de JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 12 - - VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 13 seasoned season VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 14 by by IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 15 taking take VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 16 ratio ratio NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 17 of of IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 18 the the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 19 7 7 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 20 day day NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 21 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 22 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 23 a a DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 24 year year NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 25 prior prior RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 301 26 . . . cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 1 The the DT cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 2 series series NN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 3 is be VBZ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 4 then then RB cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 5 indexed index VBN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 6 to to IN cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 8 moving move VBG cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 9 average average JJ cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 10 8 8 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 11 -28 -28 NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 12 January January NNP cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 13 2020 2020 CD cord-219681-83p1ujl4 302 14 . . .