id sid tid token lemma pos cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 1 key key JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 2 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 3 cord-016938-pk76snuy cord-016938-pk76snuy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 4 authors author NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 5 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 6 Suh Suh NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 8 Hwal Hwal NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 10 Matthew Matthew NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 12 title title NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 13 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 14 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 15 Fabrication Fabrication NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 16 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 18 Cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 19 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 20 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 21 Implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 22 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 23 Regenerative Regenerative NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 24 Medicine Medicine NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 25 date date NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 26 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 27 2008 2008 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 28 journal journal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 29 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 30 Bioengineering bioengineering NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 31 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 32 Cell Cell NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 33 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 34 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 1 35 Research Research NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 1 DOI DOI NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 2 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 3 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 4 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 5 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 6 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 7 540 540 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 8 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 9 75409 75409 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 10 - - SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 11 1_8 1_8 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 12 sha sha NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 2 13 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 1 866f923f5f41ec09ddec68d8db463d829b99a1f3 866f923f5f41ec09ddec68d8db463d829b99a1f3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 3 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 4 16938 16938 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 6 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 3 7 pk76snuy pk76snuy NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 1 Though though IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 2 transplantation transplantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 4 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 6 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 7 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 8 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 9 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 10 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 11 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 12 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 13 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 14 ideal ideal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 15 approach approach NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 17 scarcity scarcity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 18 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 19 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 20 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 21 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 22 practical practical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 23 barrier barrier NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 24 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 25 clinics clinic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 4 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 1 Current current JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 2 progresses progress NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 3 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 4 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 5 engineering engineering NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 6 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 7 opened open VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 8 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 9 new new JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 10 era era NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 12 providing provide VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 13 tools tool NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 14 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 15 host host NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 16 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 17 regeneration regeneration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 18 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 19 implanting implant VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 20 manipulated manipulate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 21 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 22 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 23 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 24 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 25 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 26 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 28 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 29 includes include VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 30 delivery delivery NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 31 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 32 single single JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 33 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 34 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 35 multicellular multicellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 36 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 37 support support NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 38 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 39 hybridized hybridized JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 40 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 41 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 42 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 43 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 44 representative representative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 45 individualized individualized JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 46 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 47 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 5 48 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 1 This this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 2 chapter chapter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 3 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 4 concerns concern NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 5 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 7 cellbased cellbase VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 8 implant implant NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 9 made make VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 11 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 13 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 16 main main JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 17 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 18 protein protein NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 19 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 20 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 21 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 22 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 23 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 24 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 25 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 26 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 27 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 28 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 29 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 30 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 31 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 32 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 33 promising promising JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 34 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 35 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 36 manufacturing manufacture VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 37 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 38 biologically biologically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 39 mimicked mimic VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 40 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 41 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 6 42 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 1 Regenerative regenerative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 2 medicine medicine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 4 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 5 repair repair VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 7 replace replace VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 8 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 9 modify modify VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 11 disordered disordered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 12 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 13 damaged damage VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 14 human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 15 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 17 either either CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 18 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 19 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 20 disease disease NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 21 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 22 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 23 injury injury NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 25 via via IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 26 functional functional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 27 regeneration regeneration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 28 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 30 host host NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 31 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 32 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 33 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 34 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 35 organs organ NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 36 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 37 placing place VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 38 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 39 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 40 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 41 optimal optimal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 42 quantity quantity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 43 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 44 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 45 damaged damage VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 46 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 47 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 48 maintaining maintain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 49 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 50 cellular cellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 51 functions function NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 52 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 53 provide provide VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 54 expected expect VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 55 efficacy efficacy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 7 56 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 1 Outcome outcome NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 4 regenerative regenerative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 5 medical medical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 6 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 7 completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 8 depends depend VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 9 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 11 viability viability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 13 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 14 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 8 15 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 1 Embedding embed VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 2 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 3 planting planting NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 5 referred refer VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 6 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 7 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 8 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 11 devices device NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 12 made make VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 14 biocompatible biocompatible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 15 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 16 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 17 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 18 widely widely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 19 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 9 20 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 1 Metals metal NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 3 ceramics ceramic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 5 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 6 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 7 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 8 polymers polymer NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 9 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 11 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 12 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 13 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 14 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 15 convenient convenient JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 16 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 17 processing process VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 19 fabricating fabricate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 20 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 21 various various JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 22 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 23 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 24 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 25 supporting support VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 26 structures structure NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 10 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 1 However however RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 3 lack lack NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 6 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 7 function function NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 8 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 9 too too RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 10 far far RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 11 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 13 ideal ideal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 14 goal goal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 15 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 16 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 11 17 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 1 From from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 2 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 3 perspective perspective NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 5 transplantation transplantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 6 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 7 involves involve VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 8 transferring transfer VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 9 procured procure VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 10 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 12 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 13 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 14 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 15 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 16 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 17 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 19 planting planting NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 20 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 21 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 22 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 23 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 24 replace replace VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 26 damaged damage VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 27 lesion lesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 28 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 29 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 30 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 31 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 32 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 33 ideal ideal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 34 approach approach NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 35 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 36 provides provide VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 37 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 38 restoration restoration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 39 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 40 recovery recovery NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 41 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 42 physiological physiological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 43 functions function NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 12 44 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 4 opportunity opportunity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 5 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 6 selection selection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 9 completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 10 perfect perfect JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 11 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 12 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 13 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 14 patient patient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 15 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 16 critically critically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 17 limited limit VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 18 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 19 practice practice NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 13 20 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 2 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 4 homogeneity homogeneity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 5 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 7 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 8 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 9 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 11 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 12 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 13 human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 14 leukocyte leukocyte NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 15 antigen antigen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 17 HLA HLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 19 types type NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 20 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 21 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 23 first first JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 24 factor factor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 25 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 26 avoid avoid VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 27 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 28 post post JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 29 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 30 operative operative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 31 complication complication NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 32 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 33 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 34 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 35 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 36 responses response NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 14 37 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 1 Although although IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 2 autologous autologous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 3 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 4 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 6 most most RBS cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 7 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 8 if if IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 9 damage damage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 10 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 11 defect defect NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 12 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 13 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 14 related relate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 15 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 16 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 17 disease disease NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 19 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 20 size size NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 22 volume volume NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 23 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 24 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 25 site site NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 26 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 27 extremely extremely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 28 limited limited JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 15 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 1 Allogeneic allogeneic IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 2 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 3 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 4 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 6 second second JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 7 choice choice NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 8 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 9 transplantation transplantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 10 since since IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 11 several several JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 12 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 13 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 14 suppressive suppressive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 15 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 16 have have VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 17 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 18 introduced introduce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 20 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 21 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 22 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 23 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 24 lead lead VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 25 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 26 other other JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 27 immune immune NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 28 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 29 depressed depressed JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 30 diseases disease NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 31 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 32 breaking break VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 33 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 34 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 35 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 36 homeostasis homeostasis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 16 37 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 1 Xenogeneic Xenogeneic NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 2 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 3 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 4 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 5 transplantation transplantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 6 have have VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 7 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 8 suggested suggest VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 9 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 10 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 11 number number NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 13 researchers researcher NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 14 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 15 longevity longevity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 16 difference difference NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 17 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 18 human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 20 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 21 animal animal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 22 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 24 great great JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 25 barrier barrier NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 26 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 27 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 28 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 29 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 30 overcome overcome VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 31 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 32 present present NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 17 33 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 1 An an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 2 approach approach NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 3 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 4 treat treat VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 5 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 6 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 7 defect defect NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 8 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 9 congenital congenital JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 10 disease disease NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 11 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 12 delivering deliver VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 13 correct correct JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 14 genes gene NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 15 directly directly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 16 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 17 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 18 patient patient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 20 known know VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 21 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 22 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 23 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 25 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 26 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 27 introduced introduce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 28 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 29 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 30 individualized individualized JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 31 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 32 tool tool NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 18 33 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 1 Selected select VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 2 genes gene NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 3 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 4 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 5 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 6 carrier carrier NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 7 vector vector NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 8 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 9 injected inject VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 10 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 11 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 12 patient patient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 16 vector vector NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 17 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 18 infect infect VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 19 patient patient JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 20 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 21 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 22 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 23 leave leave VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 25 selected select VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 26 genes gene NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 27 within within IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 28 patient patient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 29 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 30 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 19 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 1 Then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 4 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 5 genes gene NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 6 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 7 express express VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 9 genetic genetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 10 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 11 necessary necessary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 12 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 13 cure cure VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 15 disease disease NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 20 16 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 1 However however RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 4 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 5 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 6 bears bear VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 7 several several JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 8 problems problem NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 21 9 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 2 1 1 LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 4 there there EX cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 6 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 7 perfect perfect JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 8 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 9 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 10 deliver deliver VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 11 genes gene NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 12 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 13 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 14 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 17 2 2 LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 19 efficiency efficiency NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 20 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 21 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 22 expression expression NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 23 varies vary VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 25 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 27 3 3 LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 30 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 31 delivering deliver VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 32 viral viral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 33 vector vector NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 34 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 35 induce induce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 36 unpredictable unpredictable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 37 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 38 unknown unknown JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 39 complications complication NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 40 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 41 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 22 42 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 1 Another another DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 2 individualize individualize NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 3 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 4 tool tool NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 5 called call VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 6 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 7 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 8 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 9 planting plant VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 10 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 11 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 23 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 1 Instead instead RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 3 transplanting transplant VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 4 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 5 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 6 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 8 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 9 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 10 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 11 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 12 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 13 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 14 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 15 either either DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 16 transplantation transplantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 17 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 18 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 19 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 20 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 21 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 22 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 23 artificially artificially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 24 manipulated manipulate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 25 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 24 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 2 addition addition NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 4 resource resource NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 6 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 7 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 8 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 9 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 10 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 11 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 12 could could MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 13 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 14 prepared prepare VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 15 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 16 expanded expand VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 25 17 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 1 Conventional conventional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 2 transplantation transplantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 3 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 4 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 6 matured mature VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 7 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 8 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 9 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 11 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 13 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 14 now now RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 15 possible possible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 16 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 17 obtain obtain VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 18 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 19 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 20 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 21 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 22 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 23 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 24 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 25 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 26 stage stage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 28 including include VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 29 embryonic embryonic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 30 blastocyst blastocyst NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 26 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 1 Through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 2 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 3 vitro vitro FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 4 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 5 modification modification NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 7 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 10 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 11 possible possible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 12 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 13 select select VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 14 only only RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 16 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 17 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 18 possess possess VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 19 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 20 genes gene NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 21 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 22 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 23 purposes purpose NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 24 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 25 outside outside IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 26 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 27 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 28 human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 29 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 27 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 1 Theoretically theoretically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 3 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 4 case case NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 6 autologous autologous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 7 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 8 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 10 patient patient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 11 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 12 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 13 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 14 harvested harvest VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 15 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 16 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 17 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 18 procurement procurement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 21 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 22 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 23 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 24 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 25 correction correction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 26 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 27 transfected transfecte VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 28 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 30 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 28 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 2 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 4 only only RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 6 completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 7 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 8 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 9 transfected transfecte VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 11 healthy healthy JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 12 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 13 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 14 collected collect VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 18 selected select VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 19 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 20 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 21 further further RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 22 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 23 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 24 obtain obtain VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 25 abundant abundant JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 26 number number NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 27 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 28 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 29 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 30 deliver deliver VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 31 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 32 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 33 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 34 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 35 suspension suspension NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 36 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 37 injection injection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 29 38 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 1 As as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 3 whole whole JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 4 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 6 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 7 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 8 vitro vitro FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 9 environment environment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 11 only only RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 12 perfectly perfectly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 13 modified modify VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 14 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 15 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 16 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 17 selected select VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 30 18 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 2 case case NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 4 allogeneic allogeneic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 5 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 6 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 8 donor donor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 9 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 10 HLA HLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 11 could could MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 12 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 13 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 14 replaced replace VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 15 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 17 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 18 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 19 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 20 escape escape VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 21 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 23 post post JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 24 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 25 operative operative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 26 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 27 rejection rejection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 31 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 3 risk risk NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 5 inducing induce VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 6 uncontrollable uncontrollable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 7 oncogenesis oncogenesis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 8 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 9 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 11 mutated mutate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 12 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 13 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 14 avoidable avoidable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 15 during during IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 17 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 18 selecting select VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 19 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 20 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 21 vitro vitro FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 23 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 32 25 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 2 deliver deliver VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 4 selected select VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 5 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 6 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 7 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 8 selected select VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 9 site site NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 11 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 12 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 13 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 16 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 17 necessary necessary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 18 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 19 fabricate fabricate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 20 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 21 delivery delivery NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 22 vehicle vehicle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 23 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 24 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 25 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 26 supply supply VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 27 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 28 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 29 maintain maintain VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 30 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 31 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 32 viability viability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 33 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 34 act act NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 35 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 36 probes probe NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 37 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 38 piloting pilot VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 39 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 40 toward toward IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 41 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 42 site site NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 33 43 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 4 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 5 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 6 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 7 defined define VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 8 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 9 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 10 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 11 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 12 combination combination NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 14 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 16 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 17 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 18 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 19 intended intend VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 20 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 21 repair repair VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 22 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 23 modify modify VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 24 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 25 regenerate regenerate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 26 human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 27 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 29 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 30 expected expect VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 31 regulation regulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 32 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 33 control control NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 34 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 35 cellular cellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 36 functions function NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 37 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 38 behaviors behavior NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 39 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 40 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 34 41 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 4 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 5 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 6 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 8 artificially artificially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 9 manipulated manipulate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 10 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 11 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 12 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 13 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 14 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 15 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 16 vitro vitro FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 35 17 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 3 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 5 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 6 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 8 individually individually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 9 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 10 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 11 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 13 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 14 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 15 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 16 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 17 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 18 engineered engineer VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 19 implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 20 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 21 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 22 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 23 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 24 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 25 scaffold scaffold NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 26 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 27 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 28 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 29 act act VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 30 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 31 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 32 support support NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 33 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 34 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 35 same same JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 36 way way NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 37 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 38 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 39 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 40 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 41 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 42 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 43 does do VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 45 2 2 LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 36 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 37 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 37 2 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 37 3 8.1 8.1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 37 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 37 5 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 1 Substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 2 applied apply VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 3 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 4 control control VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 5 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 6 events event NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 8 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 9 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 10 have have VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 11 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 12 risks risk NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 38 13 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 2 manipulating manipulate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 3 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 5 various various JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 6 kinds kind NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 8 substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 9 functioning function VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 10 chemically chemically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 11 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 12 molecular molecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 13 level level NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 14 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 15 used use VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 16 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 17 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 18 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 19 modifying modify VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 20 procedures procedure NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 39 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 1 Biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 2 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 4 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 5 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 6 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 7 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 9 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 10 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 11 recombination recombination NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 12 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 14 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 15 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 16 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 17 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 19 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 20 control control NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 21 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 22 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 23 peptides peptide NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 24 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 25 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 26 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 27 media medium NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 29 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 30 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 31 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 32 biologic biologic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 33 substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 34 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 35 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 36 they -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 37 must must MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 38 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 39 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 40 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 41 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 42 hazard hazard NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 43 during during IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 44 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 45 manipulation manipulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 46 procedures procedure NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 40 47 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 2 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 3 modification modification NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 4 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 6 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 7 avoid avoid VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 8 adverse adverse JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 9 reactions reaction NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 10 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 11 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 12 viral viral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 13 vectors vector NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 15 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 16 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 17 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 19 adenovirus adenovirus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 21 adeno adeno NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 22 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 23 associate associate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 24 virus virus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 25 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 26 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 27 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 28 viral viral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 29 vectors vector NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 30 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 31 designed design VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 32 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 33 avoid avoid VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 34 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 35 risks risk NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 36 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 37 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 38 manipulate manipulate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 39 easily easily RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 41 40 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 1 Capability capability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 3 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 4 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 5 viral viral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 6 vectors vector NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 8 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 9 dependent dependent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 10 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 11 endocytosis endocytosis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 12 mechanism mechanism NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 14 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 16 extent extent NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 17 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 18 development development NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 19 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 20 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 21 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 22 vector vector NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 23 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 24 provides provide VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 25 efficient efficient JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 26 endosomal endosomal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 27 escape escape VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 28 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 29 deliver deliver VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 30 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 31 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 32 finally finally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 33 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 34 nucleus nucleus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 35 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 36 still still RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 37 questionable questionable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 38 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 39 present present NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 42 40 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 1 Biocompatibility Biocompatibility NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 2 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 4 primary primary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 5 requirement requirement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 6 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 7 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 8 material material NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 9 used use VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 11 manufacturing manufacture VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 12 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 43 13 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 3 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 4 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 5 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 6 implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 9 material material NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 10 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 11 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 12 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 13 shall shall MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 14 either either CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 15 biologically biologically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 16 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 17 mechanically mechanically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 18 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 19 compatible compatible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 20 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 21 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 22 neighboring neighboring NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 23 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 24 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 26 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 27 site site NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 44 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 3 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 5 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 6 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 7 would would MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 8 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 9 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 10 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 11 nano nano NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 12 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 13 sized sized JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 14 particles particle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 15 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 16 have have VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 17 specific specific JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 18 affinity affinity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 19 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 21 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 22 target target NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 23 site site NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 25 self self NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 26 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 27 driving drive VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 28 ability ability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 45 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 1 Particles particle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 2 shall shall MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 3 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 4 dissociated dissociate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 5 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 7 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 8 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 9 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 10 landing land VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 11 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 13 site site NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 15 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 16 completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 17 excreted excrete VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 18 without without IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 19 accumulation accumulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 20 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 21 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 22 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 23 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 24 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 25 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 26 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 27 side side NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 28 effect effect NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 46 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 1 Size size NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 3 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 4 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 5 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 6 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 7 about about RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 8 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 9 ×10 ×10 NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 10 −5 −5 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 11 m m NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 12 (= (= NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 13 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 14 μm μm NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 17 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 18 virus virus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 19 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 20 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 21 ×10 ×10 NFP cord-016938-pk76snuy 47 22 −7 −7 XX cord-016938-pk76snuy 48 1 m m NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 48 2 (= (= NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 48 3 100 100 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 48 4 nm nm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 48 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 1 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 2 diameter diameter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 4 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 5 DNA dna NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 6 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 7 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 8 ×10 ×10 NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 9 −8 −8 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 10 m m NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 11 (= (= NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 12 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 13 nm nm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 49 15 , , . cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 1 diameter diameter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 3 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 4 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 5 atom atom NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 6 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 7 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 8 ×10 ×10 NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 9 −9 −9 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 10 m m NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 11 (= (= NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 12 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 13 nm nm NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 17 hybridizing hybridize VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 18 substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 19 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 20 smaller small JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 21 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 22 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 23 μm μm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 50 24 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 1 However however RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 3 there there EX cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 4 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 5 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 6 accurate accurate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 7 tool tool NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 8 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 9 detect detect VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 10 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 11 extremely extremely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 12 small small JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 14 nano nano NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 15 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 16 scale scale NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 17 particles particle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 18 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 19 exist exist VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 20 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 21 living live VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 22 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 23 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 24 safety safety NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 25 evaluation evaluation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 26 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 27 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 28 substance substance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 29 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 30 present present NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 51 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 4 fabricating fabricate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 5 operator operator NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 6 might may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 7 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 8 exposed expose VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 9 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 11 substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 12 during during IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 13 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 14 whole whole JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 15 manipulating manipulate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 16 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 19 further further JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 20 investigation investigation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 21 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 22 necessary necessary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 23 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 24 avoid avoid VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 25 hazards hazard NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 52 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 1 Otherwise otherwise RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 3 currently currently RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 4 introduced introduce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 5 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 6 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 7 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 8 encapsulation encapsulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 9 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 10 designed design VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 11 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 12 protect protect VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 13 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 14 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 15 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 16 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 17 rejection rejection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 18 while while IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 19 providing provide VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 21 excretion excretion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 22 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 23 biologics biologic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 24 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 26 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 28 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 29 mostly mostly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 30 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 31 manufacture manufacture VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 32 macromolecules macromolecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 33 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 34 less less JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 35 difficulty difficulty NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 36 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 37 characterize characterize VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 39 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 53 41 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 2 producing produce VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 3 multicellular multicellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 4 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 5 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 6 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 7 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 8 implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 10 so so CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 11 called call VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 12 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 13 engineered engineer VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 14 implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 16 various various JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 17 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 18 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 19 either either DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 20 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 21 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 22 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 23 substance substance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 24 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 25 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 54 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 1 Basically basically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 3 conventionally conventionally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 4 available available JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 5 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 6 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 7 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 8 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 9 adopted adopt VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 10 as as RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 11 long long RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 12 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 13 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 14 permanent permanent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 15 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 16 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 17 approved approve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 55 18 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 1 Synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 2 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 3 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 4 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 6 representatives representative NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 8 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 9 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 10 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 11 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 12 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 13 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 14 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 15 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 16 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 17 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 56 18 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 1 Non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 2 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 3 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 4 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 5 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 6 usually usually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 7 intended intend VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 8 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 9 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 11 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 12 therapy therapy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 13 where where WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 14 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 15 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 16 encapsulation encapsulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 17 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 18 required require VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 19 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 20 provide provide VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 22 maintain maintain VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 23 optimal optimal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 24 cellular cellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 57 25 function function NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 2 e. e. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 3 g. g. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 5 alginate alginate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 7 liposome liposome NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 9 etc etc FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 10 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 58 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 1 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 2 protecting protect VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 4 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 5 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 6 host host NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 7 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 8 reaction reaction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 10 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 11 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 12 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 13 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 14 engineered engineer VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 15 implant implant RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 17 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 18 requires require VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 19 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 20 physiological physiological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 21 load load NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 22 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 23 bearing bear VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 24 compliance compliance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 26 e. e. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 27 g. g. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 29 polyurethane polyurethane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 30 scaffolds scaffold NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 31 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 32 blood blood NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 33 vessels vessel NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 34 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 35 tendons tendon NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 36 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 37 ligaments ligament NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 38 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 39 etc etc FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 40 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 59 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 60 1 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 60 2 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 60 3 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 2 permanently permanently RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 3 remain remain VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 4 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 6 planted plant VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 7 place place NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 8 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 9 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 10 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 11 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 61 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 3 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 4 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 5 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 6 usually usually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 7 intended intend VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 8 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 9 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 11 implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 12 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 13 restore restore VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 15 histological histological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 16 structure structure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 18 replace replace VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 19 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 20 cellular cellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 21 function function NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 22 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 23 recipients recipient NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 62 24 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 2 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 3 gradually gradually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 4 degraded degrade VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 5 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 6 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 7 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 8 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 9 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 10 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 11 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 12 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 13 function function NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 14 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 15 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 17 e. e. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 18 g. g. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 20 poly poly NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 21 L L NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 22 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 23 lactic lactic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 24 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 25 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 26 poly poly JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 27 glycolic glycolic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 28 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 29 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 30 etc etc FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 63 33 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 2 cases case NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 4 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 5 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 6 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 7 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 9 behavior behavior NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 11 hybrid hybrid JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 12 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 13 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 14 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 16 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 17 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 18 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 20 material material NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 64 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 1 Especially especially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 4 cellular cellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 5 events event NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 6 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 7 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 8 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 10 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 12 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 14 migration migration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 15 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 17 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 18 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 19 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 20 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 21 biomaterial biomaterial NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 22 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 23 important important JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 24 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 25 maintaining maintain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 26 viability viability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 27 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 28 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 29 implanted implant VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 30 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 31 bio bio JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 32 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 33 inert inert JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 34 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 65 35 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 3 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 4 increased increase VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 5 regional regional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 6 acidity acidity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 7 induced induce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 8 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 9 dissolved dissolve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 10 acidic acidic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 11 component component NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 12 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 13 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 14 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 16 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 17 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 18 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 19 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 20 limitation limitation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 21 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 22 mimicking mimic VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 23 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 24 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 25 environment environment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 26 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 27 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 28 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 66 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 1 Natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 2 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 3 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 4 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 5 composed compose VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 7 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 8 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 10 ECM ECM NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 12 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 14 including include VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 15 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 16 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 18 biomolecules biomolecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 20 originated originate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 21 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 22 autologous autologous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 24 allogeneic allogeneic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 25 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 26 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 27 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 28 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 29 mammalians mammalian NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 67 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 3 elastin elastin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 5 chondroitin-6-sulphate chondroitin-6-sulphate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 6 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 7 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 8 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 9 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 10 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 11 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 68 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 1 Biomolecules Biomolecules NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 3 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 4 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 5 peptides peptide NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 7 fibronectin fibronectin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 9 laminin laminin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 11 vitronectin vitronectin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 13 fibrin fibrin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 16 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 17 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 18 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 19 factors factor NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 21 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 22 signal signal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 23 promoters promoter NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 25 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 26 biologically biologically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 27 active active JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 28 substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 29 produced produce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 30 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 31 nature nature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 69 32 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 1 Non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 2 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 3 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 4 substances substance NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 5 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 6 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 7 silk silk NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 8 fibroin fibroin NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 10 crab crab NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 11 chitin chitin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 13 chitosan chitosan NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 15 agar agar NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 16 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 17 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 18 included include VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 19 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 20 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 21 criteria criterion NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 70 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 1 At at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 2 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 3 scope scope NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 6 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 7 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 8 recognized recognize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 9 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 11 although although IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 12 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 13 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 14 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 15 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 16 still still RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 17 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 18 permitted permit VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 20 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 21 ECM ECM NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 22 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 23 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 24 permitted permit VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 25 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 27 " " `` cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 28 trans- trans- JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 29 " " '' cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 30 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 31 " " `` cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 32 im-"plantable im-"plantable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 33 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 71 34 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 4 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 5 implants implant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 6 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 7 utilize utilize VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 8 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 9 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 10 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 12 derivatives derivative NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 13 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 14 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 16 secure secure JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 17 risk risk NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 18 controls control NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 19 shall shall MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 20 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 21 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 22 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 23 sourcing source VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 25 collecting collect VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 26 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 27 handling handle VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 28 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 29 ECM ECM NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 30 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 31 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 32 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 33 validation validation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 34 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 35 elimination elimination NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 36 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 37 inactivation inactivation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 38 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 39 adventitious adventitious JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 40 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 41 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 42 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 43 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 44 Transmissible transmissible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 45 Spongiform Spongiform NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 46 Encephalopathy Encephalopathy NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 48 TSE TSE NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 50 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 51 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 52 case case NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 53 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 54 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 55 bovine bovine JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 56 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 57 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 58 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 59 products product NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 72 60 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 1 Non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 2 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 3 comparable comparable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 4 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 5 superiority superiority NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 7 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 8 ECM ECM NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 9 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 10 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 11 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 12 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 13 improving improve VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 14 biocompatibility biocompatibility NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 15 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 16 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 17 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 18 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 19 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 20 grafting graft VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 21 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 22 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 24 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 25 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 26 material material NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 73 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 1 Also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 3 bioactive bioactive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 4 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 6 including include VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 7 biologics biologic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 9 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 11 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 12 antimicrobials antimicrobial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 74 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 1 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 2 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 3 drugs drug NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 4 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 5 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 6 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 7 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 8 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 9 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 11 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 13 shall shall MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 14 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 15 assessed assess VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 17 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 18 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 19 context context NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 20 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 22 integration integration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 23 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 25 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 26 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 27 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 28 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 29 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 30 according accord VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 31 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 32 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 33 principles principle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 75 34 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 1 This this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 2 assessment assessment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 3 shall shall MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 4 consider consider VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 6 effects effect NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 8 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 9 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 10 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 11 product product NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 13 vice vice NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 14 versa versa RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 76 15 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 4 medicinal medicinal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 5 components component NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 6 could could MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 7 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 8 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 9 additive additive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 10 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 11 treat treat VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 13 recipient recipient NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 14 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 15 disease disease NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 17 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 77 19 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 2 mammalians mammalian NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 5 comprises comprise VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 6 about about IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 7 30 30 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 8 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 9 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 10 total total JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 11 proteins protein NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 13 exists exist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 14 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 15 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 16 main main JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 17 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 18 component component NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 19 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 20 ECM ECM NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 22 supports support VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 23 anatomical anatomical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 24 morphology morphology NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 25 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 26 every every DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 27 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 28 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 29 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 78 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 1 Although although IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 2 more more JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 3 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 4 20 20 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 5 types type NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 7 them -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 8 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 9 informed inform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 11 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 12 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 13 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 15 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 16 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 17 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 18 specific specific JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 19 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 20 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 21 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 22 super super RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 23 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 24 coiled coiled JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 25 triple triple JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 26 helical helical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 27 peptide peptide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 28 chains chain NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 29 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 30 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 31 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 32 most most RBS cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 33 abundant abundant JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 34 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 35 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 79 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 2 brief brief NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 4 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 5 peptide peptide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 6 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 8 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 9 specific specific JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 10 left left JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 11 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 12 handed handed JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 13 helix helix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 14 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 15 100,000 100,000 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 16 molecular molecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 17 weight weight NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 19 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 20 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 21 repeating repeat VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 22 " " `` cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 23 -Glycine -glycine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 24 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 25 X x NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 26 - - NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 27 Y- y- DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 28 " " '' cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 29 amino amino NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 30 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 31 sequence sequence NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 80 32 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 1 As as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 3 arginine arginine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 4 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 5 glycine glycine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 6 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 7 aspartic aspartic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 8 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 10 RGD RGD NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 12 sequence sequence NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 13 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 14 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 15 typical typical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 16 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 17 adhesive adhesive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 18 ligand ligand NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 20 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 21 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 22 strong strong JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 23 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 24 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 25 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 81 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 1 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 2 left left JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 4 handed handed JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 5 helical helical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 6 peptide peptide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 7 chains chain NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 8 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 9 integrated integrate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 10 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 11 intramolecular intramolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 12 bindings binding NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 14 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 15 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 16 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 17 glycines glycine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 18 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 19 glycines glycine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 21 hydroxyl hydroxyl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 22 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 23 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 24 hydroxyprolines hydroxyproline NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 25 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 26 hydroxyprolines hydroxyproline NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 27 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 28 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 29 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 30 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 31 form form VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 32 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 33 right right RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 34 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 35 handed handed JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 36 triple triple JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 37 helical helical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 38 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 39 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 82 40 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 2 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 3 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 5 1012 1012 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 6 amino amino NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 7 acids acid NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 8 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 9 involved involve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 12 formation formation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 14 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 15 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 18 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 19 free free JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 20 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 21 end end NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 22 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 24 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 25 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 26 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 27 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 28 integrated integrate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 29 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 30 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 31 others other NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 32 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 33 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 34 made make VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 35 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 36 12 12 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 37 -17 -17 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 38 amino amino JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 39 acids acid NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 40 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 41 named name VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 42 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 43 telopeptides telopeptides NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 83 44 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 1 Each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 3 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 4 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 6 C C NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 7 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 8 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 9 N N NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 10 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 11 terminals terminal NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 13 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 14 binds bind VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 15 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 16 another another DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 18 forms form VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 19 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 20 long long JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 21 linear linear JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 22 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 84 23 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 2 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 3 easily easily RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 4 denatured denature VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 5 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 6 temperature temperature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 7 over over IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 8 37 37 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 9 • • NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 10 C c NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 11 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 12 disintegration disintegration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 15 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 16 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 19 becomes become VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 20 gelatinized gelatinize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 21 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 22 form form VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 24 randomly randomly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 25 coiled coil VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 26 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 27 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 28 less less JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 29 viscosity viscosity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 30 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 31 that that DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 32 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 33 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 85 34 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 1 Once once RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 2 denatured denature VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 4 gelatin gelatin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 6 amorphous amorphous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 7 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 8 does do VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 9 recover recover VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 11 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 12 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 13 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 14 nature nature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 16 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 17 more more RBR cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 18 easily easily RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 19 digested digest VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 20 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 21 metaloprotease metaloprotease NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 22 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 23 collagen collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 86 24 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 1 A a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 2 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 3 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 5 fibril fibril NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 6 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 8 5 5 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 9 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 10 linear linear JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 11 chains chain NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 12 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 13 strong strong JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 14 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 15 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 16 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 17 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 18 lysine lysine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 19 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 20 lysine lysine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 21 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 22 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 23 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 87 24 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 2 nature nature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 4 ε ε NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 5 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 6 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 7 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 8 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 9 lysines lysine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 10 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 11 hydroxylysines hydroxylysines NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 12 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 13 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 14 both both DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 15 extremities extremity NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 16 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 17 telopeptide telopeptide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 18 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 19 converted convert VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 20 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 21 aldehydes aldehyde NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 22 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 23 lysineoxidase lysineoxidase NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 25 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 27 Schiff Schiff NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 28 base base NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 29 formation formation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 30 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 31 binding bind VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 32 aldehyde aldehyde NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 33 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 34 residual residual JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 35 ε ε NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 36 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 37 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 38 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 39 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 40 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 41 aldol aldol NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 42 condensation condensation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 43 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 44 aldehyde aldehyde NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 45 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 46 aldehyde aldehyde NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 47 occur occur VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 88 48 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 1 This this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 2 strong strong JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 4 binding binding NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 6 called call VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 7 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 9 crosslinking crosslinking NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 10 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 11 introduces introduce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 12 strong strong JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 13 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 14 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 15 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 16 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 17 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 18 act act VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 19 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 21 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 22 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 23 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 24 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 25 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 26 provide provide VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 27 organ organ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 28 morphology morphology NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 89 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 1 As as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 2 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 3 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 5 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 6 fluid fluid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 8 pH pH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 9 7.4 7.4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 11 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 12 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 13 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 14 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 15 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 16 weak weak JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 17 base base NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 18 substance substance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 21 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 22 generally generally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 23 extracted extract VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 24 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 25 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 26 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 90 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 2 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 4 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 5 protein protein NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 6 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 8 generally generally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 9 insoluble insoluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 11 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 12 neutral neutral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 13 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 15 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 16 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 17 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 18 crosslinked crosslinked JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 19 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 20 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 21 soluble soluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 22 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 24 neutral neutral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 25 base base NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 26 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 27 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 28 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 29 NaCl NaCl NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 30 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 31 Na Na NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 32 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 33 HPO HPO NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 34 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 91 35 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 1 On on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 3 other other JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 4 hand hand NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 6 weak weak JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 7 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 8 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 9 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 10 HCl hcl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 12 citric citric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 13 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 15 acetate acetate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 16 breaks break VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 18 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 19 Schiff Schiff NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 20 base base NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 21 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 22 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 24 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 25 soluble soluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 26 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 27 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 28 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 29 extracted extract VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 92 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 2 extracting extract VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 3 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 4 soluble soluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 5 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 7 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 8 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 9 acid acid JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 10 soluble soluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 11 remnants remnant NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 12 remain remain VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 15 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 16 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 17 strongly strongly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 18 crosslinked crosslinked JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 19 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 20 fibrils fibril NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 93 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 1 When when WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 2 additional additional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 3 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 4 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 5 pepsin pepsin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 6 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 7 digests digest VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 9 linear linear JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 10 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 11 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 12 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 13 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 14 telopeptide telopeptide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 15 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 16 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 18 telopeptide telopeptide RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 19 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 20 free free JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 21 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 22 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 24 known know VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 25 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 27 atelocollagen atelocollagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 29 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 30 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 31 obtained obtain VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 32 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 33 remaining remain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 34 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 35 fibrils fibril NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 94 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 1 Because because IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 2 telopeptide telopeptide NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 3 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 4 individual individual JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 5 gene gene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 6 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 7 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 9 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 10 atelocollagen atelocollagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 11 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 12 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 13 recognized recognize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 14 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 15 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 16 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 17 free free JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 18 substance substance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 20 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 21 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 22 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 23 medical medical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 25 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 26 purposes purpose NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 95 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 1 High high JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 2 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 4 bases basis NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 5 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 6 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 7 NaCl NaCl NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 96 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 1 Na Na NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 2 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 3 SO so RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 4 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 6 Na Na NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 7 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 8 HPO HPO NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 9 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 10 aggregate aggregate VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 12 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 13 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 14 soluble soluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 15 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 16 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 17 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 18 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 21 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 22 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 23 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 24 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 25 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 26 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 27 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 28 membranes membrane NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 29 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 30 threads thread NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 31 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 32 hollow hollow JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 33 fibers fiber NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 97 34 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 1 However however RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 3 randomly randomly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 4 reconstructed reconstruct VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 5 intramolecular intramolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 6 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 7 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 8 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 9 do do VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 10 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 11 provide provide VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 12 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 13 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 14 properties property NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 15 compared compare VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 16 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 17 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 18 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 19 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 20 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 98 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 1 Hence hence RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 3 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 4 order order NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 5 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 6 fabricate fabricate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 7 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 8 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 9 higher high JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 10 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 11 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 13 re re NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 14 - - NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 15 crosslinking crosslinking JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 16 methods method NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 17 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 18 introduced introduce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 20 5 5 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 99 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 100 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 100 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 100 3 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 100 4 8.2 8.2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 100 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 100 6 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 2 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 3 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 4 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 5 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 7 first first JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 8 candidate candidate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 9 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 10 hybridization hybridization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 11 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 12 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 13 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 15 exists exist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 16 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 17 every every DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 18 part part NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 20 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 21 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 23 main main JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 24 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 25 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 26 component component NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 101 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 1 Although although IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 2 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 4 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 5 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 6 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 7 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 8 practically practically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 9 permitted permit VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 11 immunefree immunefree NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 12 atelocollagen atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 13 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 14 generally generally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 15 extracted extract VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 16 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 17 mammalians mammalian NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 18 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 19 medical medical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 20 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 102 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 1 Bovine bovine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 2 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 4 most most RBS cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 5 popular popular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 6 resource resource NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 7 provided provide VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 8 if if IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 9 cows cow NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 10 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 11 grown grow VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 12 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 13 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 14 officially officially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 15 recognized recognize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 16 region region NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 17 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 18 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 19 free free JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 20 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 21 TSE TSE NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 103 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 1 As as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 2 atelocollagen atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 3 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 4 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 5 telopeptides telopeptides NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 6 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 7 integrate integrate VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 8 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 9 other other JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 10 atelocollagen atelocollagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 11 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 13 basic basic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 14 technology technology NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 15 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 16 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 17 intramolecular intramolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 19 intermolecular intermolecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 20 bonds bond NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 21 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 22 construction construction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 23 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 25 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 26 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 27 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 28 adequate adequate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 29 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 30 properties property NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 31 required require VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 32 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 33 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 34 where where WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 35 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 36 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 37 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 38 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 39 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 40 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 41 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 42 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 43 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 44 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 45 recrosslinking recrosslinking NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 46 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 47 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 48 chemical chemical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 49 reagents reagent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 50 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 51 physical physical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 52 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 104 53 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 1 Most Most JJS cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 2 common common JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 3 chemical chemical NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 4 reagent reagent NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 5 adopted adopt VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 6 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 7 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 8 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 9 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 10 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 11 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 12 introduces introduce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 13 stable stable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 14 covalent covalent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 15 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 16 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 17 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 18 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 19 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 20 bindings binding NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 21 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 23 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 105 24 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 1 As as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 2 amine amine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 3 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 4 amine amine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 6 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 7 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 8 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 10 bonding bonding NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 11 exists exist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 12 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 13 every every DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 14 amino amino NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 15 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 16 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 17 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 19 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 20 chemically chemically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 21 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 22 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 23 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 24 high high JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 25 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 26 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 27 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 28 irregular irregular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 29 patterns pattern NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 30 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 31 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 32 crosslinked crosslinked JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 33 fibers fiber NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 34 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 35 protracted protracted JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 36 resorption resorption NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 37 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 38 general general JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 39 disadvantages disadvantage NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 106 40 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 3 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 4 case case NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 6 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 7 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 9 complications complication NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 10 due due JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 11 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 12 residual residual JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 13 aldehydes aldehyde NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 14 often often RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 15 conduct conduct VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 16 calcification calcification NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 17 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 18 directly directly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 19 leads lead VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 20 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 21 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 22 loss loss NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 23 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 24 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 25 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 107 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 2 overcome overcome VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 3 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 4 disadvantages disadvantage NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 6 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 8 carbodiimide carbodiimide NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 10 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 13 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 14 introduces introduce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 15 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 16 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 17 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 18 COOH COOH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 19 covalent covalent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 20 bonding bonding NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 22 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 23 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 24 toxicity toxicity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 25 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 26 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 27 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 28 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 29 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 30 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 31 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 108 32 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 2 avoid avoid VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 3 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 4 disadvantage disadvantage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 5 arising arise VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 6 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 7 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 8 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 9 chemical chemical NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 10 reagents reagent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 12 cross cross NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 13 - - NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 14 linking link VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 15 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 16 physical physical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 17 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 18 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 19 employed employ VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 109 20 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 1 Irradiating irradiate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 2 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 3 gamma gamma NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 4 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 5 ultraviolet ultraviolet JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 6 rays ray NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 7 produces produce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 8 radicals radical NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 9 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 11 form form NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 13 unpaired unpaired JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 14 electrons electron NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 15 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 17 nuclei nucleus NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 18 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 19 aromatic aromatic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 20 residues residue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 21 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 22 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 23 those those DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 24 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 25 tyrosine tyrosine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 26 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 27 phenylalanine phenylalanine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 29 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 30 binding binding NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 31 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 32 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 33 radicals radical NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 34 results result VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 35 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 36 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 37 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 38 cross cross NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 39 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 40 linking link VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 41 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 42 random random JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 43 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 44 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 45 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 46 COOH COOH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 47 bonding bonding NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 110 48 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 1 Even even RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 2 though though IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 4 physical physical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 5 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 6 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 7 safe safe JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 8 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 10 does do VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 11 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 12 involve involve VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 13 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 14 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 15 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 16 chemicals chemical NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 18 stability stability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 21 crosslink crosslink NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 22 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 23 less less JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 24 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 25 that that DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 26 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 27 chemically chemically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 28 induced induce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 29 crosslink crosslink NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 111 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 2 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 3 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 4 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 5 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 6 various various JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 7 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 8 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 9 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 11 fiber fiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 13 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 14 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 15 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 16 without without IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 17 pores pore NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 21 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 22 even even RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 23 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 24 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 25 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 27 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 28 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 29 viable viable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 30 metal metal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 31 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 32 ceramic ceramic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 33 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 34 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 35 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 36 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 37 introduce introduce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 38 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 39 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 40 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 41 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 112 42 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 1 Atelocollagen Atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 2 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 4 easily easily RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 5 prepared prepare VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 6 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 7 dispersing disperse VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 8 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 9 weak weak JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 10 acidic acidic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 11 solutions solution NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 113 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 2 general general JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 6 dispersed disperse VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 7 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 8 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 9 weak weak JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 10 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 11 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 13 pH pH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 14 6 6 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 15 - - SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 16 6.5 6.5 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 18 finally finally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 19 adjusted adjust VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 20 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 21 required require VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 22 pH ph NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 23 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 24 adding add VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 25 base base NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 26 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 27 medical medical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 28 purpose purpose NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 114 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 1 Additive additive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 2 substance substance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 3 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 4 Ultimate ultimate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 5 tensile tensile JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 6 stress stress NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 8 dense dense JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 9 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 11 relation relation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 12 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 13 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 14 irradiation irradiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 15 time time NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 115 16 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 1 Each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 2 value value NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 3 represents represent VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 4 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 5 mean mean JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 6 ± ± NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 7 SD SD NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 8 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 9 five five CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 10 samples sample NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 12 * * NFP cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 14 † † NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 15 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 16 significantly significantly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 17 different different JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 18 compared compare VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 19 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 21 control control NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 22 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 23 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 24 treated treated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 25 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 26 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 27 each each DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 28 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 29 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 30 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 31 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 32 * * NFP cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 33 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 34 p p NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 35 < < XX cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 36 0.05 0.05 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 37 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 38 † † NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 39 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 40 p p NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 41 < < XX cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 42 0.01 0.01 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 116 43 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 117 1 CONTROL control NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 117 2 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 117 3 nontreated nontreated NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 117 4 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 117 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 1 UV1/2 UV1/2 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 2 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 3 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 4 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 5 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 6 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 7 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 8 30 30 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 9 mins min NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 11 UV2 uv2 NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 12 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 13 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 14 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 15 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 16 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 17 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 18 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 19 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 20 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 21 UV4 uv4 NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 22 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 23 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 24 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 25 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 26 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 27 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 28 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 29 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 30 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 31 UV8 uv8 JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 32 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 33 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 34 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 35 irradiated irradiate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 36 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 37 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 38 8 8 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 39 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 40 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 41 GA GA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 42 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 43 0.625 0.625 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 44 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 45 glutaraldehyde glutaraldehyde NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 46 pretreated pretreate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 47 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 48 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 49 24 24 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 50 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 52 Y Y NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 53 -axis -axis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 54 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 55 Maximum maximum JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 56 tensile tensile JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 57 stress stress NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 59 kPa kPa NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 62 provide provide VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 63 and/or and/or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 64 control control VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 65 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 66 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 67 function function NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 68 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 69 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 70 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 71 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 72 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 73 introduced introduce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 74 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 75 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 76 stage stage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 77 utilizing utilize VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 78 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 79 high high JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 80 viscosity viscosity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 81 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 118 82 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 1 Biochemical biochemical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 2 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 5 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 6 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 7 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 8 modified modify VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 9 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 10 varying vary VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 12 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 13 electric electric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 14 charge charge NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 15 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 16 altering alter VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 18 molecular molecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 19 side side NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 20 chain chain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 21 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 22 leads lead VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 23 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 25 adjustment adjustment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 26 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 27 hydrophilicity hydrophilicity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 28 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 29 hydrophobicity hydrophobicity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 30 balance balance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 119 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 1 Succinylization Succinylization NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 3 amines amine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 5 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 6 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 7 CO(CH CO(CH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 8 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 10 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 11 -COOH -COOH . cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 13 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 14 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 15 anhydrate anhydrate NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 16 succinyl succinyl NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 17 acid acid NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 18 provides provide VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 19 abundant abundant JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 21 − − NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 23 charges charge NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 25 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 27 succinylated succinylated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 28 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 29 becomes become VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 30 soluble soluble JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 31 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 32 neutral neutral JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 33 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 34 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 35 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 36 finally finally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 37 results result VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 38 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 39 translucent translucent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 40 viscous viscous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 41 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 42 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 43 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 44 hydrophilicity hydrophilicity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 120 45 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 2 esterization esterization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 4 -COOCH -COOCH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 5 3 3 LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 8 carboxyl carboxyl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 9 group group NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 10 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 11 methanol methanol NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 12 produces produce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 13 abundant abundant JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 15 + + NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 17 charges charge NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 18 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 19 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 20 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 22 provides provide VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 24 favorable favorable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 25 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 26 niche niche NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 27 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 28 protein protein NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 29 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 121 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 1 Atelocollagen Atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 2 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 4 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 5 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 6 fiber fiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 7 form form NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 8 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 9 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 10 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 11 electro electro JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 12 spinning spinning NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 122 13 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 2 example example NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 4 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 5 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 6 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 7 dissolved dissolve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 8 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 9 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 11 HFP HFP NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 13 having have VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 14 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 15 over over IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 16 5 5 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 17 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 18 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 19 useful useful JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 20 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 21 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 22 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 23 diameter diameter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 24 controlled control VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 25 nanofiber nanofiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 26 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 27 passing pass VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 28 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 29 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 30 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 31 diameter diameter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 32 adjustable adjustable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 33 nozzle nozzle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 34 under under IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 35 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 36 condition condition NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 37 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 38 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 39 high high JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 40 voltage voltage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 41 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 42 25 25 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 43 kV kV NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 44 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 45 flow flow NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 46 velocity velocity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 47 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 48 2.5m 2.5m CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 49 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 50 h h NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 51 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 52 metal metal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 53 collector collector NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 54 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 55 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 56 cm cm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 57 width width NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 58 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 59 rotating rotate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 60 speed speed NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 61 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 62 300 300 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 63 rpm rpm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 64 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 65 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 66 distance distance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 67 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 68 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 69 metal metal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 70 collector collector NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 71 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 72 spinner spinner NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 73 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 74 15 15 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 75 cm cm NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 76 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 77 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 78 finally finally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 79 removing remove VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 80 organic organic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 81 solute solute NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 82 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 83 48 48 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 84 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 85 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 86 drying dry VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 87 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 88 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 89 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 90 chamber chamber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 123 91 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 2 produced produce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 3 nanofiber nanofiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 4 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 5 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 6 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 7 either either DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 8 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 9 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 10 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 11 irradiation irradiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 12 later later RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 13 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 14 order order NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 15 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 16 reinforce reinforce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 18 fiber fiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 19 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 20 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 22 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 24 typical typical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 25 triple triple JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 26 helical helical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 27 structure structure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 28 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 29 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 30 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 124 31 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 1 Freeze freeze NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 2 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 3 drying dry VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 4 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 5 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 6 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 7 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 8 condition condition NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 9 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 10 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 11 simple simple JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 12 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 13 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 14 fabrication fabrication NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 15 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 16 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 17 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 18 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 20 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 21 lower low JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 22 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 23 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 24 higher high JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 25 freezing freeze VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 26 temperature temperature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 27 leads lead VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 28 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 29 smaller small JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 30 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 31 bigger big JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 32 pores pore NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 34 6 6 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 37 7 7 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 125 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 2 8 8 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 5 9 9 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 8 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 12 Figs fig NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 13 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 14 8.3 8.3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 15 - - SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 16 8.8 8.8 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 18 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 126 19 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 2 contains contain VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 3 much much JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 6 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 7 adhesive adhesive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 8 RGD RGD NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 9 sequences sequence NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 11 molecule molecule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 13 thus thus RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 14 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 15 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 16 conductive conductive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 17 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 19 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 20 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 21 either either CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 22 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 24 independent independent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 25 form form NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 26 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 27 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 28 form form NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 29 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 30 hybridization hybridization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 31 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 32 biofunctional biofunctional NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 33 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 34 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 35 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 36 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 37 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 38 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 39 occasionally occasionally RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 40 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 41 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 42 form form NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 43 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 44 copolymer copolymer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 45 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 46 introduction introduction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 47 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 48 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 49 polymers polymer NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 50 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 51 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 52 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 53 aimed aim VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 54 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 55 enforce enforce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 56 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 57 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 127 58 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 2 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 4 usually usually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 5 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 6 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 7 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 8 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 128 9 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 1 A a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 3 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 4 plate plate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 5 whose whose WP$ cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 6 bottom bottom NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 7 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 8 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 9 coated coat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 10 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 11 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 12 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 14 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 15 makes make VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 17 possible possible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 18 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 19 suspended suspend VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 20 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 21 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 22 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 24 monolayered monolayered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 25 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 26 cluster cluster NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 27 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 28 attaching attach VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 29 them -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 30 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 31 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 32 coated coated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 33 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 34 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 129 35 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 1 This this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 2 technique technique NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 4 directly directly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 5 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 6 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 7 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 8 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 9 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 10 dressing dress VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 11 membranes membrane NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 130 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 1 Exposure exposure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 3 dermis dermis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 4 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 6 open open JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 7 air air NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 9 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 10 grade grade NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 11 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 12 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 13 defect defect NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 15 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 16 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 18 basal basal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 19 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 20 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 21 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 22 prevents prevent VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 23 direct direct JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 24 contact contact NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 25 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 26 inner inner JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 27 body body NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 28 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 30 outer outer JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 31 bodily bodily JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 32 environment environment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 33 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 34 supports support VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 35 epithelium epithelium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 36 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 37 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 38 bed bed NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 39 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 40 keratinocytes keratinocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 41 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 42 destroyed destroy VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 43 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 44 burn burn NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 45 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 46 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 47 sore sore JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 48 spots spot NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 49 induced induce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 50 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 51 diabetes diabetes NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 52 mellitus mellitus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 53 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 54 accident accident NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 55 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 56 critical critical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 57 emergency emergency NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 58 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 59 clinics clinic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 131 60 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 2 evolve evolve VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 4 direct direct JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 5 contamination contamination NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 7 dermis dermis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 8 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 9 usually usually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 10 progresses progress VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 11 toward toward IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 12 fatal fatal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 13 septicemia septicemia NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 14 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 15 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 16 necrosis necrosis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 132 17 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 2 conventional conventional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 3 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 4 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 5 mainly mainly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 6 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 8 complete complete JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 9 irrigation irrigation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 10 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 11 debridement debridement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 13 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 14 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 16 topical topical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 17 administration administration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 18 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 19 broad broad JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 20 spectrum spectrum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 21 antibacterial antibacterial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 22 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 23 antifungal antifungal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 24 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 25 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 26 covering cover VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 27 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 28 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 29 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 30 oily oily JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 31 ointment ointment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 32 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 33 protect protect VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 34 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 35 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 36 air air NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 37 contact contact NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 38 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 39 painful painful JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 40 daily daily JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 41 dressing dressing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 42 change change NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 43 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 44 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 45 observation observation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 46 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 47 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 48 auto auto NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 49 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 50 regeneration regeneration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 51 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 52 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 53 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 54 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 55 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 56 both both DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 57 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 58 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 59 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 60 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 61 keratinocytes keratinocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 62 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 63 basement basement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 64 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 65 reconstruction reconstruction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 133 66 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 1 Promoting promote VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 2 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 4 these these DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 5 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 6 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 7 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 8 protection protection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 9 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 10 air air NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 11 contact contact NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 12 until until IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 13 complete complete JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 14 healing healing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 15 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 17 key key JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 18 technology technology NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 21 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 22 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 23 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 24 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 25 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 26 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 27 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 134 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 2 example example NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 4 freeze freeze VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 5 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 6 atelocollagen atelocollagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 7 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 8 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 9 forms form VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 10 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 11 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 12 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 13 random random JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 14 pores pore NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 18 pore pore NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 19 size size NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 20 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 21 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 23 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 24 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 25 proliferate proliferate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 26 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 27 controlled control VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 28 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 30 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 31 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 32 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 33 temperature temperature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 34 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 35 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 36 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 37 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 38 frozen frozen JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 135 39 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 1 Freeze freeze NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 2 dried dry VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 3 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 4 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 6 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 8 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 10 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 11 5 5 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 12 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 13 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 14 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 15 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 16 −20 −20 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 18 −40 −40 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 136 21 −80 −80 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 137 1 • • NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 1 C C NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 2 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 3 1/2 1/2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 5 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 7 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 8 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 9 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 10 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 11 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 12 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 13 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 14 higher high JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 15 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 16 produced produce VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 17 less less JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 19 smaller small JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 20 sized sized JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 21 pores pore NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 138 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 1 Also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 4 lower low JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 5 temperature temperature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 6 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 7 prolonged prolong VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 8 freezing freezing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 9 time time NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 10 decreased decrease VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 11 viscosity viscosity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 139 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 2 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 3 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 5 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 6 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 7 optimal optimal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 8 pore pore NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 9 size size NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 11 over over IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 12 120 120 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 13 μm μm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 14 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 15 permits permit VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 16 penetration penetration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 18 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 20 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 21 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 22 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 25 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 26 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 27 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 28 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 29 freeze freeze NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 30 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 31 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 32 −40 −40 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 33 • • NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 34 C C NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 35 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 36 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 37 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 38 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 39 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 40 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 41 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 42 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 43 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 44 irradiation irradiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 45 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 46 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 47 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 48 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 49 found find VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 50 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 51 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 52 recommendable recommendable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 53 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 54 use use VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 55 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 56 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 57 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 58 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 59 conductive conductive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 60 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 61 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 62 provides provide VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 63 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 64 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 65 viscosity viscosity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 66 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 67 initial initial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 68 anchorage anchorage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 69 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 70 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 71 any any DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 72 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 73 exudate exudate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 74 escapes escape VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 75 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 76 pores pore NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 140 77 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 1 A a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 2 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 3 bi bi JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 4 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 5 layered layered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 6 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 8 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 9 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 10 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 11 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 12 forms form NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 14 either either CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 15 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 16 dressing dressing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 17 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 18 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 19 structural structural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 20 supporting support VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 21 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 22 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 23 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 24 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 141 25 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 1 Laminin Laminin NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 3 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 4 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 5 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 6 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 7 adhesive adhesive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 8 protein protein NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 9 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 10 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 11 main main JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 12 component component NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 15 basement basement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 16 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 17 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 18 dermis dermis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 20 epithelium epithelium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 21 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 22 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 23 mixed mix VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 24 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 25 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 26 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 27 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 28 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 142 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 1 A a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 2 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 3 collagenlaminin collagenlaminin NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 4 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 6 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 7 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 8 freeze freeze NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 9 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 10 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 11 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 12 previously previously RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 13 described describe VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 15 additional additional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 16 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 17 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 18 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 19 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 20 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 21 coated coat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 22 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 24 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 25 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 26 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 27 crosslinking crosslinking NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 28 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 29 promoted promote VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 30 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 31 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 32 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 33 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 34 UV uv NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 35 irradiation irradiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 143 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 1 Through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 2 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 3 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 5 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 6 bi bi JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 7 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 8 layered layered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 9 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 10 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 11 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 12 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 14 dense dense JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 15 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 16 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 17 overlaid overlay VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 18 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 19 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 20 prefabricated prefabricated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 21 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 22 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 23 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 24 laminin laminin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 25 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 26 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 27 produced produce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 144 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 2 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 3 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 4 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 5 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 6 dressing dressing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 9 upper upper JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 10 dense dense JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 11 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 12 prohibits prohibit VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 13 direct direct JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 14 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 15 contact contact NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 16 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 18 open open JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 19 air air NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 21 plays play VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 22 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 23 role role NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 24 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 25 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 26 bed bed NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 27 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 28 keratinocyte keratinocyte NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 29 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 30 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 31 while while IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 32 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 33 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 34 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 35 conducts conduct VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 36 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 37 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 38 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 145 39 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 1 Thus thus RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 4 painful painful JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 5 daily daily JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 6 dressing dressing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 7 change change NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 8 becomes become VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 9 unnecessary unnecessary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 146 10 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 1 Antibacterial antibacterial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 2 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 3 encapsulated encapsulate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 4 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 5 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 6 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 7 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 8 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 9 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 10 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 12 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 13 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 16 drug drug NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 17 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 18 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 19 released release VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 20 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 21 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 22 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 23 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 24 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 25 avoid avoid VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 26 periodic periodic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 27 topical topical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 28 drug drug NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 29 application application NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 147 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 1 Fabrication fabrication NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 4 bi bi JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 5 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 6 layered layered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 7 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 8 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 9 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 11 basic basic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 12 technology technology NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 13 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 14 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 15 manufacture manufacture VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 16 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 17 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 18 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 148 19 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 3 1980s 1980 NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 5 Bell Bell NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 6 introduced introduce VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 7 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 8 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 9 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 10 Fig Fig NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 149 11 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 1 8.9 8.9 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 2 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 4 Laminin Laminin NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 5 hybridized hybridize VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 6 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 7 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 8 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 9 dermis dermis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 10 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 11 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 12 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 14 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 15 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 16 mixture mixture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 17 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 18 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 19 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 20 37 37 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 21 • • NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 22 C C NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 25 when when WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 27 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 28 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 29 confluent confluent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 30 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 31 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 32 gradually gradually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 33 shrinked shrink VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 34 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 35 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 36 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 37 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 38 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 39 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 40 composite composite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 41 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 42 produced produce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 150 43 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 1 Keratinocytes keratinocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 2 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 3 overlaid overlay VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 4 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 5 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 6 composite composite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 7 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 8 mimic mimic VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 9 anatomy anatomy NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 12 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 13 cellular cellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 14 structure structure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 16 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 18 required require VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 19 about about RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 20 20 20 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 21 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 22 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 24 manufacture manufacture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 25 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 26 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 27 completed complete VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 28 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 29 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 30 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 31 therefore therefore RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 32 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 33 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 34 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 35 patients patient NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 36 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 37 grade grade NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 38 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 39 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 40 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 151 41 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 1 On on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 3 other other JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 4 hand hand NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 6 Green Green NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 7 introduced introduce VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 8 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 9 advanced advanced JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 10 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 11 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 12 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 13 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 14 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 15 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 16 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 17 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 18 form form VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 19 monolayer monolayer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 20 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 21 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 22 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 23 coated coated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 24 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 25 plate plate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 26 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 27 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 28 keratinocyte keratinocyte NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 29 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 30 directly directly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 31 co co JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 32 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 33 cultured cultured JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 34 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 35 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 36 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 37 monolayer monolayer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 38 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 39 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 40 media medium NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 41 containing contain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 42 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 43 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 44 factor factor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 152 45 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 3 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 4 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 5 still still RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 6 required require VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 7 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 8 least least JJS cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 9 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 10 week week NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 11 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 13 complete complete JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 14 fabrication fabrication NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 17 employment employment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 18 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 19 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 20 factors factor NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 21 holds hold VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 22 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 23 risk risk NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 24 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 25 oncogenesis oncogenesis NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 26 induction induction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 153 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 2 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 3 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 4 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 5 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 7 autologous autologous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 8 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 9 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 11 rat rat NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 12 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 13 seeded seed VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 14 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 16 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 17 crosslinked crosslinke VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 18 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 19 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 20 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 21 laminin laminin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 22 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 23 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 24 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 25 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 26 minimum minimum JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 27 essential essential JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 28 medium medium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 30 MEM MEM NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 32 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 33 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 34 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 35 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 36 provide provide VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 37 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 38 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 39 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 40 niche niche NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 41 adaptation adaptation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 42 period period NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 154 43 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 1 3-day 3-day JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 2 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 4 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 5 enough enough JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 6 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 7 complete complete JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 8 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 9 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 10 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 11 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 12 pores pore NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 14 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 15 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 16 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 17 firmly firmly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 18 attached attach VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 20 anchored anchor VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 21 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 23 superficial superficial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 24 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 25 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 27 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 28 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 29 due due IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 30 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 31 specific specific JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 32 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 33 adhesive adhesive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 34 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 35 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 36 -RGD -RGD JJS cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 37 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 38 sequences sequence NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 39 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 40 col- col- JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 41 lagen lagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 42 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 43 laminin laminin NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 155 44 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 2 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 3 weeks week NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 5 coverage coverage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 6 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 7 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 8 grade grade NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 9 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 10 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 11 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 13 dermis dermis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 14 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 15 completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 16 replaced replace VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 19 basement basement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 20 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 21 lined line VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 22 beneath beneath IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 24 dense dense JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 25 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 26 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 27 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 28 seeded seeded JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 29 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 30 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 31 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 32 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 33 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 34 situ situ NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 156 35 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 1 Epithelial epithelial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 2 regeneration regeneration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 3 upon upon IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 4 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 5 dense dense JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 6 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 7 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 8 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 9 poor poor JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 10 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 11 partially partially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 12 occupied occupy VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 13 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 15 keratinocytes keratinocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 16 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 17 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 18 full full JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 19 coverage coverage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 20 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 21 epithelium epithelium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 22 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 23 observed observe VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 24 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 25 6 6 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 26 weeks week NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 157 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 1 This this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 3 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 4 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 5 understood understand VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 6 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 7 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 8 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 9 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 10 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 11 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 12 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 13 play play VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 14 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 15 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 16 vehicle vehicle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 17 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 18 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 19 autologous autologous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 20 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 21 delivery delivery NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 22 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 23 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 25 reconstructed reconstruct VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 26 basement basement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 27 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 29 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 30 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 31 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 32 keratinocyte keratinocyte NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 33 supplying supply VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 34 bed bed NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 35 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 36 nature nature NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 37 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 38 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 39 driven drive VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 40 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 41 conduction conduction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 158 42 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 1 Later later RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 3 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 5 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 6 elastin elastin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 7 nanofiber nanofiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 8 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 9 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 10 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 11 previously previously RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 12 described describe VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 16 extruded extruded JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 17 fibers fiber NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 18 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 19 brought bring VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 20 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 21 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 22 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 23 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 24 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 25 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 26 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 159 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 1 Using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 2 nanofiber nanofiber NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 3 made make VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 5 possible possible JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 6 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 7 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 8 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 9 lattice lattice NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 10 controlled control VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 11 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 14 uniformly uniformly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 15 aligned align VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 16 lattices lattice NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 17 conducted conduct VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 18 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 19 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 20 proliferate proliferate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 21 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 23 designed design VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 24 lattice lattice NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 25 pattern pattern NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 27 11 11 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 30 12 12 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 33 13 13 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 36 14 14 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 39 15 15 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 42 16 16 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 45 17 17 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 48 Figs fig NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 160 49 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 161 1 8.9 8.9 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 161 2 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 161 3 8.16 8.16 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 161 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 161 5 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 161 6 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 2 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 3 hybridized hybridize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 4 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 5 calcium calcium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 6 phosphate phosphate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 7 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 8 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 9 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 10 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 11 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 12 conductive conductive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 13 substitute substitute NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 162 14 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 163 1 Apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 163 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 1 Ca ca RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 2 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 4 PO PO NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 5 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 7 + + CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 8 + + SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 9 6 6 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 12 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 13 typical typical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 14 inorganic inorganic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 15 component component NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 16 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 17 skeleton skeleton NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 19 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 20 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 22 heated heat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 23 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 24 980 980 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 25 • • NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 26 C c NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 27 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 28 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 29 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 30 crystals crystal NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 31 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 32 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 33 sintered sinter VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 34 but but CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 35 degradable degradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 36 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 37 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 164 38 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 1 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 2 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 3 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 4 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 5 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 6 mixed mix VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 7 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 9 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 11 12:88 12:88 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 12 w w NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 13 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 14 v v NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 18 mixture mixture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 19 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 20 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 165 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 1 Then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 3 produced produce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 4 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 5 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 6 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 7 pellet pellet NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 8 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 9 implanted implant VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 10 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 11 rabbit rabbit NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 12 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 13 resected resected JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 14 tibiae tibia NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 166 15 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 1 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 2 weeks week NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 3 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 4 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 7 resected resected JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 8 defect defect NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 9 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 10 completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 11 regenerated regenerate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 12 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 13 host host NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 14 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 15 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 16 cortical cortical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 17 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 18 continuity continuity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 20 cancellous cancellous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 21 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 22 stroma stroma NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 25 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 26 that that DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 28 typical typical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 29 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 30 remodeling remodeling NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 31 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 32 followed follow VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 33 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 34 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 35 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 36 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 167 37 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 1 However however RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 2 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 3 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 4 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 7 regenerated regenerated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 8 area area NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 9 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 10 less less JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 11 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 12 general general JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 13 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 168 14 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 1 Although although IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 2 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 3 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 4 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 6 favorable favorable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 7 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 8 fabricate fabricate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 9 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 10 conductive conductive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 11 substitute substitute NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 13 weak weak JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 14 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 15 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 16 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 17 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 18 barrier barrier NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 19 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 20 application application NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 21 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 22 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 23 physiological physiological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 24 stress stress NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 25 bearing bear VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 26 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 28 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 29 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 30 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 31 resolve resolve VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 32 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 33 problem problem NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 34 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 35 hybridization hybridization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 36 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 37 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 38 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 39 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 40 biomaterials biomaterial NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 41 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 42 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 43 suggested suggest VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 169 44 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 1 Introducing introduce VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 2 functional functional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 3 groups group NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 4 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 5 esters ester NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 7 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 8 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 9 polyurethane polyurethane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 11 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 14 poly poly JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 15 lactic lactic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 16 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 17 glycolic glycolic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 18 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 20 PL pl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 21 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 22 GA GA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 25 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 26 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 27 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 28 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 29 induces induce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 30 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 31 oxidization oxidization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 32 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 33 produces produce VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 34 carboxyl carboxyl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 35 groups group NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 36 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 37 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 38 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 39 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 40 react react VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 41 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 42 amines amine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 43 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 44 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 170 45 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 1 As as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 3 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 4 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 5 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 6 provided provide VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 7 insufficient insufficient JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 8 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 9 despite despite IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 10 promotion promotion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 11 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 12 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 13 favorable favorable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 14 osteogenesis osteogenesis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 16 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 17 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 18 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 19 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 21 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 22 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 23 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 24 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 25 reinforce reinforce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 26 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 27 strength strength NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 171 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 1 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 3 M.W. M.W. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 4 50,000 50,000 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 5 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 6 resolved resolve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 7 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 8 99 99 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 9 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 10 chloroform chloroform NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 11 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 12 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 13 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 14 9 9 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 15 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 17 W w NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 18 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 19 V v NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 21 PLA pla NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 22 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 25 NaCl nacl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 26 crystals crystal NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 28 425 425 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 29 -500 -500 NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 30 μm μm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 32 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 33 mixed mix VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 34 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 35 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 36 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 37 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 38 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 39 adjusting adjust VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 40 NaCl nacl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 172 41 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 173 1 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 173 2 ratio ratio NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 173 3 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 173 4 9:1 9:1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 174 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 174 2 w w NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 174 3 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 174 4 w w NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 174 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 174 6 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 2 prepared prepared JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 3 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 5 cast cast VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 6 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 7 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 8 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 9 shape shape NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 11 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 13 solvent solvent NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 14 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 15 allowed allow VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 16 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 17 evaporate evaporate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 18 over over IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 19 24 24 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 20 hrs hrs NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 21 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 22 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 24 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 25 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 26 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 27 leaching leach VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 28 out out RP cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 30 NaCl nacl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 31 particles particle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 32 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 33 distilled distilled JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 34 water water NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 175 35 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 2 induce induce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 3 molecular molecular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 4 bindings binding NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 5 between between IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 7 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 8 within within IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 9 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 10 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 11 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 12 composite composite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 15 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 16 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 17 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 19 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 20 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 21 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 22 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 23 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 24 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 25 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 26 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 27 reactive reactive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 28 carboxyl carboxyl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 29 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 30 hydroperoxide hydroperoxide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 31 groups group NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 32 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 33 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 34 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 35 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 176 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 3 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 4 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 5 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 6 60 60 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 7 V v NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 8 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 9 60 60 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 10 min min NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 12 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 13 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 14 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 15 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 16 delivered deliver VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 17 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 18 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 19 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 20 treated treat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 21 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 22 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 23 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 24 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 25 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 26 apatite apatite NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 27 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 28 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 29 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 30 PLA PLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 31 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 177 32 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 2 grafted grafted JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 3 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 5 pressed press VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 7 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 8 bar bar NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 9 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 10 37 37 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 11 • • NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 12 C c NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 14 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 15 vertical vertical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 16 direction direction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 19 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 20 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 21 collagen collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 22 cross cross NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 23 - - NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 24 linking linking NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 25 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 26 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 27 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 28 integrate integrate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 30 mixed mixed JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 31 atelocollagen atelocollagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 32 fibers fiber NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 33 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 34 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 35 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 36 material material NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 178 37 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 179 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 179 2 final final JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 179 3 product product NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 179 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 179 5 im- im- JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 179 6 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 1 Collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 2 grafted graft VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 3 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 4 polymer polymer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 5 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 6 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 7 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 8 soft soft JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 9 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 10 replacement replacement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 11 as as RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 12 well well RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 180 13 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 1 Except except IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 3 air air NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 4 passages passage NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 5 such such JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 6 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 7 trachea trachea NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 8 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 9 bronchus bronchus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 10 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 11 require require VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 12 almost almost RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 13 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 14 repeating repeat VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 15 dilatation dilatation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 16 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 17 shrinkage shrinkage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 18 action action NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 20 compliance compliance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 21 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 22 most most JJS cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 23 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 25 tubular tubular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 26 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 27 shaped shaped JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 28 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 29 requires require VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 30 various various JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 31 level level NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 32 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 33 compliance compliance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 34 against against IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 35 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 36 mass mass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 37 passing pass VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 38 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 39 lumen lumen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 40 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 41 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 42 arteries artery NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 43 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 44 pulsating pulsate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 45 blood blood NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 46 flow flow NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 47 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 48 esophagus esophagus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 49 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 50 swallowing swallow VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 51 dietary dietary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 52 mass mass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 181 53 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 2 general general JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 4 tubular tubular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 5 walls wall NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 7 those those DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 8 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 9 consist consist VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 12 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 13 layered layered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 14 smooth smooth JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 15 muscle muscle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 16 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 17 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 18 resist resist VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 19 against against IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 20 pressure pressure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 21 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 22 luminal luminal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 23 wall wall NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 24 exerted exert VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 25 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 26 transporting transport VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 27 mass mass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 28 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 29 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 30 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 31 flexibility flexibility NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 32 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 33 required require VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 182 34 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 2 replace replace VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 3 esophagus esophagus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 5 polyurethane polyurethane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 7 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 8 bioinert bioinert JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 9 biomaterial biomaterial NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 10 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 11 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 12 advantage advantage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 14 high high JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 15 durability durability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 16 against against IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 17 continuous continuous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 18 bending bending NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 19 stresses stress NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 20 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 21 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 22 employed employ VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 183 23 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 1 An an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 2 approach approach NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 4 presented present VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 5 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 6 graft graft NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 7 copolymerization copolymerization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 8 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 184 9 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 2 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 3 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 4 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 6 polyurethane polyurethane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 8 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 10 treated treat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 11 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 12 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 185 13 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 1 Through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 2 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 3 oxidization oxidization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 4 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 5 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 6 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 7 modify modify VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 9 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 10 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 12 peroxide peroxide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 13 groups group NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 14 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 15 easily easily RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 16 generated generate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 186 17 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 1 Those those DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 2 peroxides peroxide NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 3 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 4 broken break VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 5 down down RP cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 6 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 7 redox redox NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 8 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 9 polymerization polymerization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 10 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 11 provide provide VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 12 active active JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 13 species specie NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 14 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 15 initiate initiate VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 16 graft graft NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 17 polymerization polymerization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 18 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 19 reacting react VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 20 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 21 amines amine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 22 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 23 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 24 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 25 molecules molecule NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 187 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 1 Ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 2 oxidation oxidation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 3 time time NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 4 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 5 voltage voltage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 6 could could MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 7 readily readily RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 8 control control VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 9 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 10 amount amount NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 11 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 12 peroxide peroxide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 13 production production NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 188 14 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 1 Maximum maximum JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 2 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 4 peroxide peroxide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 5 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 6 about about RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 7 10.20 10.20 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 8 ×10 ×10 NFP cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 9 −8 −8 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 10 mol mol NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 11 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 12 cm cm NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 13 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 14 when when WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 15 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 16 oxidation oxidation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 17 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 18 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 19 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 20 60 60 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 21 V v NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 22 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 23 30 30 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 24 min min NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 189 25 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 3 reaction reaction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 5 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 6 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 7 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 8 oxidation oxidation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 190 10 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 2 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 3 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 5 graft graft NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 6 copolymerized copolymerize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 7 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 9 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 191 10 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 1 All all PDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 3 physical physical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 4 measurements measurement NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 5 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 7 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 8 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 9 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 10 indicated indicate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 11 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 13 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 14 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 15 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 16 effectively effectively RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 17 covered cover VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 18 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 19 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 20 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 21 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 192 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 1 Interaction interaction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 5 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 6 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 7 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 8 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 9 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 10 could could MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 11 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 12 greatly greatly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 13 enhanced enhance VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 14 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 16 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 17 graft graft NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 18 polymerization polymerization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 19 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 20 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 21 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 22 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 193 23 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 1 Attachment attachment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 2 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 3 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 5 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 6 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 7 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 8 grafted grafted JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 194 9 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 2 atelocollagen atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 3 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 4 significantly significantly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 5 enhanced enhance VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 7 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 9 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 10 assumed assume VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 11 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 12 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 13 atelocollagen atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 14 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 15 supported support VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 17 initial initial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 18 attachment attachment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 20 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 21 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 22 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 195 23 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 3 early early JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 4 stage stage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 6 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 8 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 9 synthesis synthesis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 11 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 12 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 13 not not RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 14 activated activate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 16 remained remain VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 17 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 18 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 19 relatively relatively RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 20 low low JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 21 level level NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 22 due due IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 23 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 25 grafted grafted JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 26 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 27 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 28 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 29 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 30 increasing increase VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 31 only only JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 32 fibroblast fibroblast NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 33 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 196 34 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 2 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 3 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 5 tubular tubular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 6 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 7 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 8 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 9 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 11 alignment alignment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 13 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 14 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 15 consists consist VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 16 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 17 repeated repeat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 18 overlayers overlayer NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 20 longitudinal longitudinal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 22 circumferential circumferential JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 23 layers layer NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 25 forms form VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 26 wall wall NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 27 thickness thickness NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 197 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 1 Regarding regard VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 2 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 3 result result NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 5 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 6 double double JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 7 layered layer VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 8 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 9 tubular tubular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 10 scaffold scaffold NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 11 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 12 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 13 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 14 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 15 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 16 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 17 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 18 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 19 artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 20 esophagus esophagus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 198 21 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 1 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 2 purification purification NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 3 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 4 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 5 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 6 diluting dilute VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 7 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 8 particles particle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 9 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 10 DMAC(dimethyl DMAC(dimethyl NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 11 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 12 acrylamide acrylamide NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 14 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 15 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 16 precipitating precipitate VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 17 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 18 non non JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 19 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 20 solvent solvent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 21 methanol methanol NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 22 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 23 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 24 drying dry VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 26 precipitate precipitate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 27 under under IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 28 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 29 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 30 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 31 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 32 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 33 remove remove VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 34 residual residual JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 35 methanol methanol NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 199 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 2 purification purification NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 4 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 5 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 6 dissolved dissolve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 7 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 8 DMAC DMAC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 9 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 10 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 12 final final JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 13 concentration concentration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 14 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 15 13%w 13%w CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 16 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 17 w w NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 200 18 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 1 Glass glass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 2 rod rod NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 4 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 5 diameter diameter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 7 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 8 mm mm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 9 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 10 length length NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 11 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 12 15 15 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 13 cm cm NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 15 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 16 worn wear VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 17 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 18 13 13 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 19 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 20 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 21 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 22 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 23 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 24 air air NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 25 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 26 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 27 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 28 6 6 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 29 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 201 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 202 1 This this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 202 2 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 202 3 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 202 4 repeated repeat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 202 5 twice twice RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 202 6 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 2 wearing wear VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 4 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 5 end end NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 6 part part NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 9 glass glass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 10 rod rod NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 11 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 12 cut cut VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 15 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 16 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 17 rod rod NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 18 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 19 worn wear VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 20 again again RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 21 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 22 reverse reverse JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 23 direction direction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 24 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 26 same same JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 27 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 28 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 29 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 30 uniformly uniformly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 31 worn wear VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 203 32 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 2 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 3 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 4 under under IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 5 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 6 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 7 12 12 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 8 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 9 afterward afterward RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 204 10 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 1 Completely completely RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 2 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 3 sam- sam- XX cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 4 ple ple NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 5 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 6 swelled swell VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 7 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 8 benzene benzene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 9 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 10 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 11 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 12 hour hour NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 14 washed wash VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 15 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 16 distilled distil VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 17 water water NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 18 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 19 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 20 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 22 ethyl ethyl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 23 alcohol alcohol NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 24 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 25 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 26 hour hour NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 205 27 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 2 swelling swell VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 3 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 4 wearing wear VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 5 process process NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 7 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 8 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 9 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 10 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 11 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 12 separated separate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 13 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 14 glass glass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 15 rod rod NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 17 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 18 under under IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 19 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 206 20 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 2 graft graft VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 3 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 5 ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 6 treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 7 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 8 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 9 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 10 described describe VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 11 above above RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 207 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 2 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 3 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 4 immediately immediately RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 5 immersed immerse VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 6 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 7 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 8 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 9 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 10 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 11 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 12 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 14 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 15 Mohr Mohr NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 16 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 17 salt salt NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 19 FeSO FeSO NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 20 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 22 NH NH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 23 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 25 2SO 2so CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 26 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 208 27 6H 6h CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 1 2 2 LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 2 O o NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 5 added add VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 6 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 7 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 8 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 9 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 10 decompose decompose VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 11 peroxides peroxide NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 209 12 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 1 Then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 2 polymerization polymerization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 3 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 4 allowed allow VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 5 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 6 proceed proceed VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 7 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 8 35 35 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 9 • • NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 10 C c NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 11 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 12 pH pH NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 13 8.0 8.0 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 210 14 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 1 Type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 2 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 3 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 4 grafted graft VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 5 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 6 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 7 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 8 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 9 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 11 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 12 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 13 25 25 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 211 14 • • NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 212 1 C. C. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 2 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 3 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 4 dipped dip VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 5 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 6 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 7 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 8 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 9 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 10 gel gel NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 11 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 12 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 13 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 14 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 15 later later RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 213 16 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 1 By by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 2 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 3 procedure procedure NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 5 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 6 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 7 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 8 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 9 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 10 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 11 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 12 inner inner JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 13 diameter diameter NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 14 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 15 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 16 mm mm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 18 thickness thickness NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 20 0.7 0.7 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 21 mm mm NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 22 covered cover VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 23 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 24 dense dense JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 25 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 26 layer layer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 27 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 28 produced produce VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 214 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 1 Rabbit Rabbit NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 2 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 3 esophageal esophageal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 4 smooth smooth JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 5 muscle muscle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 6 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 7 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 8 seeded seed VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 9 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 10 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 11 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 12 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 13 mechanically mechanically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 14 stressful stressful JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 15 environment environment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 16 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 17 10 10 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 18 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 19 strain strain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 20 magnitude magnitude NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 22 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 23 Hz Hz NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 24 frequency frequency NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 215 25 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 1 Culturing culture VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 2 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 3 18 18 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 4 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 6 mechanically mechanically RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 7 stretching stretch VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 8 condition condition NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 9 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 10 6 6 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 11 hours hour NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 13 stationary stationary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 14 condition condition NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 15 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 16 every every DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 17 24-hour 24-hour JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 18 period period NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 21 cultured cultured JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 22 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 23 aligned align VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 24 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 26 perpendicular perpendicular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 27 direction direction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 28 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 30 strain strain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 31 direction direction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 32 after after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 33 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 34 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 216 35 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 2 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 3 grafted graft VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 4 PU PU NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 5 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 6 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 7 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 8 alignment alignment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 9 control control NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 10 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 11 subcutaneously subcutaneously RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 12 implanted implant VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 13 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 14 nude nude JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 15 mice mouse NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 16 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 17 4 4 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 18 weeks week NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 19 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 21 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 22 histological histological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 23 finding finding NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 24 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 25 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 26 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 27 well well RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 28 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 29 aligned align VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 30 smooth smooth JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 31 muscle muscle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 32 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 33 reconstructed reconstruct VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 34 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 35 tube tube NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 36 which which WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 37 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 38 applicable applicable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 39 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 40 replacement replacement NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 41 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 42 esophagus esophagus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 44 26 26 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 217 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 2 27 27 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 5 28 28 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 8 29 29 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 218 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 219 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 219 2 30 30 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 219 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 219 4 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 2 idea idea NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 5 grafting grafting NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 6 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 7 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 8 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 9 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 10 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 11 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 12 healing healing NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 13 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 14 promoting promote VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 15 antiadhesive antiadhesive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 16 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 17 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 18 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 19 particularly particularly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 20 necessary necessary JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 21 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 22 peritoneal peritoneal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 23 surgery surgery NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 24 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 25 prevent prevent VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 26 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 27 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 220 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 1 At at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 2 first first RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 4 glycolide glycolide NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 5 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 6 D D NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 8 L l NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 9 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 10 lactide lactide NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 11 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 12 recrystallized recrystallize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 13 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 14 ethyl ethyl NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 15 acetate acetate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 17 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 18 under under IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 19 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 20 before before IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 21 use use NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 221 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 1 Lactide Lactide NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 2 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 3 glycolide glycolide NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 5 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 6 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 7 molar molar JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 8 ratio ratio NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 9 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 10 75:25 75:25 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 11 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 12 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 13 put put VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 14 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 15 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 16 glass glass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 17 ampoule ampoule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 20 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 21 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 22 added add VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 23 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 24 preparing prepare VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 26 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 27 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 28 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 29 block block NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 30 copolymer copolymer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 31 through through IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 32 ring ring NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 33 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 34 opening open VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 35 polymerization polymerization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 222 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 1 0.05%(w 0.05%(w LS cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 2 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 3 w w NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 5 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 6 stannous stannous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 7 octoate octoate NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 8 added add VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 9 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 10 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 11 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 12 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 13 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 14 catalyst catalyst NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 223 15 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 2 ampoule ampoule NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 3 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 4 evacuated evacuate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 5 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 6 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 7 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 8 pump pump NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 10 sealed seal VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 11 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 12 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 13 torch torch NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 16 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 17 heated heat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 18 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 19 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 20 oil oil NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 21 bath bath NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 22 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 23 130 130 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 24 • • NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 25 C c NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 26 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 27 12 12 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 28 hrs hrs NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 224 29 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 3 reaction reaction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 5 complete complete JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 6 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 7 resulting result VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 8 polymers polymer NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 9 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 10 purified purify VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 11 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 12 dissolving dissolve VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 13 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 14 methylene methylene NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 15 chloride chloride NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 17 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 18 precipitated precipitate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 19 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 20 excess excess JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 21 methanol methanol NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 225 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 1 Obtained obtain VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 2 polymers polymer NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 3 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 4 dried dry VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 5 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 6 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 226 7 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 3 preparation preparation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 4 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 5 polymer polymer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 6 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 7 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 8 8 8 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 9 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 10 solution solution NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 11 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 12 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 13 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 14 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 15 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 16 chloroform chloroform NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 17 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 18 cast cast VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 19 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 20 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 21 glass glass NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 22 plate plate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 24 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 26 solvent solvent NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 27 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 28 evaporated evaporate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 29 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 30 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 31 vacuum vacuum NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 32 oven oven NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 33 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 34 2 2 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 35 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 227 36 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 1 On on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 2 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 3 other other JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 4 side side NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 6 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 7 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 8 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 9 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 10 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 11 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 13 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 14 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 15 Col Col NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 17 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 18 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 19 fabricated fabricate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 21 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 228 22 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 1 1 1 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 2 % % NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 4 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 5 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 7 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 229 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 2 sodium sodium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 3 salt salt NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 5 Mw Mw NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 6 = = SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 7 120,000 120,000 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 8 − − CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 9 150,000 150,000 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 11 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 12 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 13 aqueous aqueous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 230 14 so- so- NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 2 prepare prepare VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 3 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 4 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 5 Col Col NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 6 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 7 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 8 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 9 PLGA plga JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 10 bi bi JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 11 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 12 layered layered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 13 composite composite JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 14 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 15 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 16 chloroform chloroform NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 17 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 18 sprayed spray VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 19 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 20 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 21 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 22 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 23 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 24 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 25 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 26 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 28 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 29 then then RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 30 cross cross VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 31 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 32 linked link VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 33 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 34 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 35 FN FN NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 36 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 37 Col col NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 38 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 39 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 40 loaded load VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 41 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 42 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 43 slightly slightly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 44 dissolved dissolve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 45 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 46 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 47 mPEG mpeg NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 48 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 49 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 50 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 231 51 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 2 vitro vitro FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 3 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 4 test test NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 5 revealed reveal VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 6 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 7 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 8 attached attach VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 9 better well RBR cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 10 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 11 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 12 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 13 Col col NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 14 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 15 compared compare VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 16 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 17 those those DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 18 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 19 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 20 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 21 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 22 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 23 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 24 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 25 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 26 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 27 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 28 cellulose cellulose NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 29 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 232 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 1 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 2 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 3 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 4 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 5 had have VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 7 lowest low JJS cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 8 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 9 adhesive adhesive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 10 property property NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 233 11 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 2 confocal confocal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 3 microscopic microscopic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 4 observation observation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 6 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 7 actin actin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 8 filaments filament NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 9 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 10 significantly significantly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 11 more more RBR cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 12 polymerized polymerize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 13 when when WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 14 50 50 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 15 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 16 100 100 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 17 μg μg NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 18 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 19 cm cm NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 20 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 21 fibronectin fibronectin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 22 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 23 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 24 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 25 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 26 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 27 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 28 Col Col NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 29 membranes membrane NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 234 30 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 1 After after IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 2 7-day 7-day JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 3 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 4 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 5 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 6 penetrated penetrate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 7 throughout throughout IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 8 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 9 HAFN HAFN NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 10 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 11 Col Col NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 12 network network NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 15 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 16 density density NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 17 increased increase VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 18 whereas whereas IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 19 very very RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 20 few few JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 21 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 22 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 23 found find VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 24 attached attach VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 25 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 26 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 27 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 28 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 29 mPEG mPEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 30 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 31 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 32 film film NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 235 33 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 2 vivo vivo NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 3 evaluation evaluation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 4 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 5 implantation implantation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 6 test test NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 7 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 8 7 7 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 9 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 10 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 11 rabbit rabbit NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 12 's 's POS cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 13 peritoneal peritoneal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 14 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 15 showed show VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 16 that that IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 17 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 18 composite composite JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 19 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 20 could could MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 21 protect protect VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 22 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 23 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 24 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 25 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 26 biomaterial biomaterial NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 27 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 28 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 29 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 30 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 31 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 32 mesenchymal mesenchymal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 33 stem stem NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 34 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 36 MSC MSC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 38 delivery delivery NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 39 vehicle vehicle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 236 40 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 1 Liver liver NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 2 hepatocyte hepatocyte NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 4 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 5 representative representative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 6 stable stable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 7 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 8 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 9 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 10 tremendous tremendous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 11 proliferative proliferative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 12 capacity capacity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 14 ability ability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 15 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 16 differentiate differentiate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 17 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 18 proliferate proliferate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 19 when when WRB cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 20 injury injury NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 21 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 22 damage damage NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 23 occurs occur VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 24 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 25 liver liver NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 237 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 1 In in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 2 case case NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 4 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 5 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 6 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 7 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 8 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 10 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 11 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 12 are be VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 13 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 14 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 15 divide divide VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 17 eventually eventually RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 18 differentiate differentiate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 19 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 20 mature mature JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 21 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 22 ; ; : cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 23 therefore therefore RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 24 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 25 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 26 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 27 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 28 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 29 regarded regard VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 30 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 31 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 32 compensatory compensatory JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 33 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 34 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 35 liver liver NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 36 injury injury NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 37 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 38 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 39 has have VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 40 been be VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 41 concerned concern VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 42 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 43 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 44 equivalent equivalent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 45 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 46 liver liver NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 47 stem stem NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 48 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 49 progenitor progenitor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 50 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 238 51 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 1 Oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 2 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 3 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 4 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 5 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 6 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 7 marrow marrow NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 8 mesenchymal mesenchymal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 9 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 10 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 11 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 12 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 13 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 14 facultative facultative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 15 bipotential bipotential NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 16 precursor precursor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 17 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 18 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 19 differentiates differentiate VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 20 into into IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 21 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 22 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 23 bile bile NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 24 duct duct NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 25 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 239 26 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 1 Human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 2 MSCs msc NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 3 harvested harvest VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 4 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 5 tibial tibial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 6 bone bone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 7 marrow marrow NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 8 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 9 co co JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 10 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 11 cultured cultured JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 12 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 13 hepatocytes hepatocyte NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 14 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 15 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 16 days day NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 17 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 18 medium medium NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 19 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 20 additive additive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 21 hepatocyte hepatocyte NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 22 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 23 factor factor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 25 HGF hgf NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 27 produced produce VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 28 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 29 confluent confluent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 30 mixture mixture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 31 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 32 undifferentiated undifferentiated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 33 MSCs msc NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 34 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 35 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 36 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 240 37 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 1 To to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 2 purify purify VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 3 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 4 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 5 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 6 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 7 nonparenchymal nonparenchymal NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 8 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 10 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 11 cloning cloning NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 12 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 13 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 14 applied apply VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 241 15 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 1 Characterization characterization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 2 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 3 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 4 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 5 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 6 performed perform VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 7 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 8 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 9 double double JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 10 immuno- immuno- NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 11 Observed observe VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 12 fiblasts fiblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 13 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 14 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 15 PEG PEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 16 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 17 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 18 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 19 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 20 significantly significantly RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 21 fewer few JJR cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 22 than than IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 23 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 24 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 25 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 26 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 27 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 242 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 1 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 2 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 3 HA HA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 4 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 5 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 6 high high JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 7 affinity affinity NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 8 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 9 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 10 attachment attachment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 11 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 12 method method NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 13 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 14 alpha alpha NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 15 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 16 fetoprotein fetoprotein NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 18 AFP AFP NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 20 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 21 cytokeratin-19 cytokeratin-19 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 22 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 23 antibody antibody NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 24 expecting expect VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 25 co co NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 26 - - NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 27 expression expression NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 243 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 1 Isolated isolate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 2 human human JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 3 MSCs msc NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 4 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 5 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 6 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 7 were be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 8 seeded seed VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 9 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 10 an an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 11 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 12 crosslinked crosslinke VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 13 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 14 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 15 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 16 atelocollagen atelocollagen VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 17 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 19 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 20 cultured culture VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 21 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 22 medium medium JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 23 containing contain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 24 insulin insulin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 25 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 26 dexamethasone dexamethasone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 27 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 28 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 29 hydrocortisone hydrocortisone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 30 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 31 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 32 hormone hormone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 33 stimulators stimulator NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 34 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 35 additive additive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 36 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 37 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 38 HGF hgf NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 39 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 40 epidermal epidermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 41 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 42 factor factor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 44 EGF EGF NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 244 46 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 1 For for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 2 Co. Co. NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 4 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 5 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 6 commercially commercially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 7 available available JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 8 anti anti JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 9 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 10 adhesive adhesive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 11 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 12 made make VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 13 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 14 oxidized oxidize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 15 cellulose cellulose NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 16 3 3 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 17 weeks week NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 18 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 19 albumin albumin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 20 secretion secretion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 21 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 22 urea urea NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 23 detoxification detoxification NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 24 rate rate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 25 continuously continuously RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 26 increased increase VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 27 either either CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 28 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 29 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 30 hormone hormone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 31 additive additive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 32 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 33 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 34 cytokine cytokine NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 35 additive additive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 36 groups group NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 37 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 38 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 39 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 40 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 41 directive directive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 42 knowledge knowledge NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 43 that that DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 44 avoidance avoidance NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 45 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 46 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 47 growth growth NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 48 factors factor NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 49 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 50 committing commit VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 51 MSC MSC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 52 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 53 oriented orient VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 54 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 55 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 56 toward toward IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 57 hepatocyte hepatocyte NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 58 can can MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 59 escape escape VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 60 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 61 risky risky JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 62 induction induction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 63 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 64 liver liver NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 65 cancer cancer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 245 66 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 2 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 3 scaffold scaffold NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 4 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 5 able able JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 6 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 7 foster foster VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 8 long long JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 9 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 10 term term NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 11 viability viability NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 13 protection protection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 14 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 15 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 16 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 17 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 18 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 19 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 20 3-dimensional 3-dimensional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 21 culture culture NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 22 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 23 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 24 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 25 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 26 considerable considerable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 27 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 28 designing design VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 29 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 30 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 31 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 32 delivering deliver VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 33 tool tool NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 34 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 35 hepatic hepatic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 36 disease disease NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 38 33 33 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 41 Figs fig NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 42 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 43 8.33 8.33 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 44 - - CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 45 8.38 8.38 CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 246 47 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 247 1 Asymmetric asymmetric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 247 2 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 247 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 247 4 fibronectin fibronectin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 247 5 grafted graft VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 1 PEG PEG NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 2 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 3 PLGA PLGA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 4 copolymer copolymer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 5 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 6 was be VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 7 appeared appear VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 8 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 9 successfully successfully RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 10 reduce reduce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 11 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 12 incidence incidence NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 14 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 15 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 16 formation formation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 17 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 18 Although although IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 19 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 20 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 21 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 22 favorable favorable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 23 biomaterial biomaterial NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 24 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 25 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 26 employed employ VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 27 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 28 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 29 wide wide JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 30 range range NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 31 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 32 fabrication fabrication NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 33 procedures procedure NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 34 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 35 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 36 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 37 there there EX cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 38 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 39 no no DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 40 established establish VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 41 tool tool NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 42 to to TO cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 43 isolate isolate VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 44 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 45 produce produce VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 46 absolute absolute JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 47 atelocollagen atelocollagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 48 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 49 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 50 immune immune NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 51 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 52 free free JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 53 substitute substitute NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 54 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 55 at at IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 56 present present NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 248 57 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 1 Even even RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 2 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 3 single single JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 4 remaining remain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 5 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 6 dimer dimer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 7 or or CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 8 trimer trimer NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 9 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 10 cause cause VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 11 immune immune JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 12 reactions reaction NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 13 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 14 future future NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 249 15 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 1 The the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 2 resource resource NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 3 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 4 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 6 especially especially RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 7 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 9 applications application NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 10 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 11 also also RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 12 important important JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 13 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 14 because because IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 15 unknown unknown JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 16 viruses virus NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 17 that that WDT cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 18 produce produce VBP cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 19 future future JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 20 unpredictable unpredictable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 21 diseases disease NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 22 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 23 xenogeneic xenogeneic NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 24 extracellular extracellular JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 25 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 26 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 27 exist exist VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 250 28 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 1 If if IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 2 single single JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 4 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 5 encapsulation encapsulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 6 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 7 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 8 containing contain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 9 signal signal NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 10 transduction transduction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 11 agents agent NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 12 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 13 ligands ligand NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 14 attracting attract VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 15 specific specific JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 16 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 17 adhesive adhesive NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 18 receptors receptor NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 19 is be VBZ cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 20 systemized systemize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 21 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 22 commitment commitment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 23 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 24 stem stem NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 25 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 26 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 27 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 28 proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 29 toward toward IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 30 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 31 designated designate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 32 target target NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 33 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 34 will will MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 35 be be VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 36 achieved achieve VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 37 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 38 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 39 this this DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 40 may may MD cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 41 contribute contribute VB cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 42 to to IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 43 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 44 future future JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 45 progress progress NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 46 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 47 stem stem NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 48 cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 49 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 50 based base VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 51 implant implant NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 52 . . . cord-016938-pk76snuy 251 53 _SP cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 1 Tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 2 Restoration restoration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 3 Fundamental fundamental JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 4 Concepts Concepts NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 5 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 6 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 7 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 8 Biocompatibility Biocompatibility NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 9 assessment assessment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 10 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 11 medical medical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 12 devices device NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 13 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 252 14 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 1 Extracellular Extracellular NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 2 Matrix Matrix NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 3 Components Components NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 4 Anti Anti NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 5 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 6 infection infection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 7 Treatment treatment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 8 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 9 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 10 Transcutaneous transcutaneous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 11 Device device NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 12 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 13 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 14 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 15 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 16 Rifampicine Rifampicine NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 17 Composite Composite NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 18 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 19 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 20 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 21 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 22 Tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 23 Regenerative Regenerative NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 24 Scaffold Scaffold NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 25 Reaction reaction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 26 Monitoring Monitoring NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 27 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 28 Succinylation Succinylation NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 29 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 30 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 31 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 32 Matrix Matrix NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 33 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 34 Assisted Assisted NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 35 Desorption Desorption NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 36 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 37 Ionization Ionization NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 38 Mass Mass NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 39 Spectrometry Spectrometry NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 40 Characterization characterization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 41 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 42 UVirradiated UVirradiated NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 43 Dense Dense NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 44 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 45 Porous Porous NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 46 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 47 Membranes membrane NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 48 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 49 Morphology morphology NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 50 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 51 Degradation degradation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 52 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 53 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 54 Mechanical Mechanical NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 55 Properties Properties NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 56 Characterization Characterization NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 57 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 58 Porous Porous NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 59 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 60 / / SYM cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 61 Hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 62 Acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 63 caffold caffold NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 64 Modified modify VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 65 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 66 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide CD cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 67 Cross Cross NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 68 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 69 linking link VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 70 Preparation preparation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 71 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 72 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 73 Modified modify VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 74 Hyaluronan Hyaluronan NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 75 Microparticles Microparticles NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 76 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 77 Antibiotics Antibiotics NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 78 Carrier Carrier NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 79 Behavior Behavior NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 80 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 81 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 82 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 83 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 84 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 85 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 86 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 87 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 88 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 89 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 90 Laminin Laminin NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 91 modified modify VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 92 infection infection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 93 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 94 preventing prevent VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 95 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 96 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 97 containing contain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 98 silver silver JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 99 sulfadiazine sulfadiazine NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 100 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 101 hyaluronan hyaluronan NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 253 102 microparticles microparticles . cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 1 An an DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 2 infection infection NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 3 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 4 preventing prevent VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 5 bilayered bilayered JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 6 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 7 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 8 containing contain VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 9 antibiotic antibiotic RB cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 10 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 11 loaded load VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 12 hyaluronan hyaluronan NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 13 microparticles microparticle NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 14 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 15 physical physical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 16 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 17 biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 18 properties property NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 19 Biological biological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 20 characterization characterization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 21 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 22 EDC EDC NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 23 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 24 crosslinked crosslinke VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 25 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 26 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 27 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 28 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 29 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 30 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 31 dermal dermal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 32 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 33 restoration restoration NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 34 Evaluation evaluation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 35 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 36 antibiotic antibiotic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 37 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 38 loaded loaded JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 39 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 40 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 41 hyaluronic hyaluronic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 42 acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 43 matrix matrix NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 44 as as IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 45 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 46 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 47 substitute substitute NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 48 Electrospun Electrospun NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 49 nanofibrous nanofibrous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 50 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 51 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 52 the the DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 53 engineering engineering NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 54 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 55 cultured cultured JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 56 skin skin NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 57 substitutes substitute NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 58 Biodegradable Biodegradable NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 59 Ceramic Ceramic NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 60 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 61 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 62 Composite Composite NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 63 Implanted implant VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 64 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 65 Rabbit Rabbit NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 66 Tibiae Tibiae NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 67 Behaviors behavior NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 68 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 69 Osteoblasts Osteoblasts NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 70 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 71 like like JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 72 Cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 73 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 74 MC3T3-E1 MC3T3-E1 NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 75 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 254 76 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 1 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 2 Grafted Grafted NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 3 Poly Poly NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 4 L l NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 5 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 6 lactic lactic NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 7 Acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 9 PLLA PLLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 11 Membranes membrane NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 12 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 13 Various various JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 14 Pore pore NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 255 15 Sizes size NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 1 A a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 2 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 3 Replaceable Replaceable NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 4 Artificial Artificial NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 5 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 6 Substitute Substitute NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 256 7 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 1 Morphological morphological JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 2 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 3 Physicochemical Physicochemical NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 4 Characterization Characterization NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 5 Behavior Behavior NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 6 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 7 Osteoblasts Osteoblasts NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 8 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 257 9 type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 2 Atelocollagen Atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 3 Grafted Grafted NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 4 Ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 5 Oxidized oxidize VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 6 Poly Poly NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 7 L l NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 8 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 258 9 lactic lactic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 259 1 Acid acid NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 259 2 Membrane Membrane NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 1 A a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 2 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 3 Replacable Replacable NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 4 Artificial Artificial NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 5 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 6 Substittue Substittue NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 7 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 8 Cytotoxicity Cytotoxicity NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 9 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 10 Cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 11 Adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 12 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 13 Proliferation proliferation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 14 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 16 Alkaline alkaline JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 17 Phosphatase Phosphatase NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 18 Activity Activity NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 19 A A NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 20 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 21 Replaceable replaceable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 22 Artificial Artificial NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 23 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 24 Substitute Substitute NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 25 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 26 Osteoinduction Osteoinduction NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 27 by by IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 28 combining combine VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 29 with with IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 30 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 31 Inducing Inducing NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 32 Agent Agent NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 33 Interaction Interaction NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 34 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 35 Mesenchymal Mesenchymal NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 36 Stem Stem NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 37 Cells Cells NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 38 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 39 Osteoblasts Osteoblasts NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 40 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 41 in in FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 42 vitro vitro FW cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 43 Osteogenesis osteogenesis NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 44 Ex Ex NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 45 Vivo Vivo NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 46 Mechanical Mechanical NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 47 Evaluation Evaluation NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 48 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 49 Carbonate Carbonate NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 50 Apatite Apatite NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 51 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 52 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 53 Grafted graft VBD cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 54 Porous Porous NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 55 PLLA PLLA NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 56 Membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 57 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 58 Rabbit Rabbit NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 59 Calvarial Calvarial NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 60 Bone Bone NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 260 61 Type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 2 Atelocollagen Atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 3 Grafting graft VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 4 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 5 Polyurethane Polyurethane NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 6 Tube Tube NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 7 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 9 Mechanical Mechanical NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 10 Property Property NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 11 Compliance Compliance NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 12 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 13 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 14 Modified Modified NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 15 Polyurethane Polyurethane NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 16 Tubular Tubular NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 17 Scaffold Scaffold NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 18 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 19 Artificial artificial JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 20 Esophagus esophagus NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 261 21 Type type NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 2 Atelocollagen Atelocollagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 3 Grafting graft VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 4 onto onto IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 5 Ozone ozone NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 6 treated treat VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 7 Polyurethane Polyurethane NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 8 Films Films NNPS cord-016938-pk76snuy 262 9 : : : cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 1 Cell cell NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 2 Attachment Attachment NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 3 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 4 Proliferation Proliferation NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 5 , , , cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 6 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 7 Collagen Collagen NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 8 Synthesis Synthesis NNP cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 9 Time time NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 10 - - HYPH cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 11 dependent dependent JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 12 modulation modulation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 13 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 14 alignment alignment NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 15 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 16 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 17 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 18 smooth smooth JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 19 muscle muscle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 20 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 21 seeded seed VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 22 on on IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 23 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 24 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 25 substrate substrate NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 26 undergoing undergo VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 27 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 28 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 29 strain strain NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 30 Construction construction NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 31 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 32 functional functional JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 33 soft soft JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 34 tissues tissue NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 35 from from IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 36 premodulated premodulated JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 37 smooth smooth JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 38 muscle muscle NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 39 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 40 using use VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 41 a a DT cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 42 bioreactor bioreactor NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 43 system system NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 44 Evaluation evaluation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 45 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 46 tissue tissue NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 47 adhesion adhesion NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 48 preventive preventive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 49 surface surface NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 50 modified modify VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 51 natural natural JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 52 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 53 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 54 polymeric polymeric JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 55 materials material NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 56 Preparation preparation NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 57 and and CC cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 58 characterization characterization NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 59 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 60 biodegradable biodegradable JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 61 anti anti JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 62 - - JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 63 adhesive adhesive JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 64 membrane membrane NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 65 for for IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 66 peritoneal peritoneal JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 67 wound wound NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 68 healing heal VBG cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 69 Behaviors behavior NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 70 of of IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 71 isolated isolate VBN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 72 rat rat NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 73 oval oval JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 74 cells cell NNS cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 75 in in IN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 76 porous porous JJ cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 77 collagen collagen NN cord-016938-pk76snuy 263 78 scaffold scaffold NN