cord-016564-od9mf2f2	2009	More stringent constraints placed nowadays on water companies to provide high quality drinking water, increasing water resources scarcity in many areas of the planet, forcing water companies to work on marginal water bodies for supply, and the threat of hostile actions by political extremists and terrorist groups, that may willingly and deliberately cause contamination of an otherwise safe supply, are recent issues that have spurred demand for more efficient and comprehensive online water monitoring technologies. Monitoring requirements can be defined in relationship to: • Source water quality: (a) variability, in space and time (very low for groundwater, low for lakes, high for rivers); (b) vulnerability (type and location of possible contaminating activity), time-of-travel of the contaminant to the intake, effectiveness of barriers, control options after an alarm • Water treatment: process optimization options and response times, sampling frequency must allow adequate process control • Distribution systems: minimization of deterioration of water quality over time and distance, early detection of cross-connections and water losses In addition, it must be considered that online monitors could have different sensitivity and selectivity according to the matrix and range of concentrations analyzed.
cord-021088-9u3kn9ge	2015	Instead, today''s successful big data business models largely use data to scale old modes of value creation, rather than invent new ones altogether. Four of these assumptions merit special attention: First, N = all, or the claim that our data allow a clear and unbiased study of humanity; second, that today = tomorrow, or the claim that understanding online behavior today implies that we will still understand it tomorrow; third, offline = online, the claim that understanding online behavior offers a window into economic and social phenomena in the physical world; and fourth, that complex patterns of social behavior, once understood, will remain stable enough to become the basis of new data-driven, predictive products and services in sectors well beyond social and media markets. The rate of change in online commerce, social media, search, and other services undermines any claim that we can actually know that our N = all sample that works today will work tomorrow.
cord-026732-2t4pu36i	2020	This highlights the need for educators and researchers to examine practical and evidence-based models that support the development of online courses that foster self-regulated learning. This study is notable for its detailed examination of the lived experiences of online psychology students from varied backgrounds, which builds on previous research that has identified the importance of human factors when considering self-regulated learning in online platforms (Wong et al. For example, online educators can provide students with resources and activities that facilitate and help overcome barriers to behaviours associated with self-regulated learning (e.g. asking students to identify and reflect on their motivations for studying psychology). The present study successfully demonstrates the potential of COM-B model in guiding the development of strategies to facilitate mature psychology students in achieving or maintaining self-regulated online learner status.
cord-030826-lj7x5qdd	2020	This shift offers a unique opportunity to address long-standing inequities in access and issues of sustainability associated with traditional conference formats, through testing online platforms. Given the associated carbon emissions and inequities in access, there is a particularly strong moral onus for those engaged in the field of socio-ecology to develop conference models or practices that do not contribute to the very problems that the discipline seeks to address. Online conference formats remove the need for travel and reduce the costs of attendance, but they do not preclude inequality in access and participation. While many conference participants may have adequate access to Internet and technology, to address issues of diversity, equity and inclusion, online platform selection should consider associated requirements for high bandwidth, high-performing devices and training in these technologies. The potential to address long-standing inequities in the socio-ecological community through online conferences is a bright spot in the post-COVID-19 landscape.
cord-031544-clzt6kyg	2020	Thus, owing to the lack of physical exposure to clinical settings, it is likely that our patients with sexual dysfunction, with or without infertility, who stand to benefit the most from our taking a potential risk of prescribing medications after virtual care. Overall, the availability of prescription medications with well-defined risk profiles to patients through virtual sources is only likely to enhance the access to care for sexual and reproductive health conditions by easing the pain of embarrassment some patients may experience. In light of the current situation of the COVID pandemic along with the boom of telemedicine, physicians should consider incorporating home-based kits for both male and female fertility testing with the caveats that even though we may not get accurate data all the time, data from these kits can be used to guide care. Although physical examination and in-office diagnostics are paramount for the evaluation of both female and male fertility, an initial telehealth visit can uncover pertinent history, identify risk factors, and establish the physician-patient relationship.
cord-214006-0w6bqrox	2020	OHCs as affordable and easily accessible 24/7 services, can facilitate self-management of diabetics by offering health-related advice and stories, social and emotional support (Aghdam et al. OHCs provide opportunities for members to exchange new ideas, knowledge and information about diabetes selfmanagement, functioning as a bridge among people with type-2 diabetes and healthcare professionals and providing online discussion platforms to brainstorm potential solutions (Sim et al. Information sharing by peers, experience and advice sharing, life-style related advice sharing, and sharing daily-basis activities are the most common activities identified by researchers in this study through thematically analysing the content of threads in the Reddit diabetes online communities. Furthermore, participating in diabetes group-based education program provides opportunities for patients to meet and discuss with other members of the communities, obtaining social and emotional support (Steinsbekk et al. This study provides an opportunity for leveraging peer-to-peer support within digital health platforms such as OHCs to empower patients in their self-management of diabetes.
cord-254272-w7yvp703	2020	To fill this gap, we develop a duopoly model to study how online reviews impact customers'' purchases and returns, and how online sellers facing competition can make optimal price and returns policy decisions in the presence of online reviews. In order to analyze the impact of online reviews in a competitive market with customer returns, we build a three-stage game theoretic model, in which two competing online retailers sell a product at different quality levels. In contrast to these empirical studies, we develop a game theoretical model for two online retailers who sell quality-differentiated products, to examine the impact of online reviews on the sellers'' pricing and returns policy decisions in a competitive market. Since the lower net salvage value may suggest a higher cost in handling customer returns, the Seller who offers an MBG may lose the advantage in competition to gain market share if the reviews are not favorable enough; with the impact on price, it is obvious that Seller is less likely to benefit from online reviews with an MBG ( z cc z ss ).
cord-257161-lx3ar43e	2020	PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess learner behaviors in synchronous online prosthodontic continuing education lectures in China during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: Synchronous online prosthodontic education courses in China had a high number of participants but low learning progress and completion rates during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. Importantly, the extent of learner participation and completion of these courses remains unknown, and the authors are unaware of research that has investigated the effectiveness of synchronous online learning during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The present observational study assessed learner behaviors in synchronous online prosthodontic continuing education lectures in China during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The null hypotheses were that the completion rate of synchronous online prosthodontic education during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic would not be influenced by the specific lectures and the learners'' first-visit time to the online classroom. This research assessed learner behaviors in synchronous online prosthodontic education courses in China during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
cord-258996-e2xagi27	2020	By understanding the foundational concepts and applying these guidelines, the adoption of online learning in the medical school may supplement the traditional medical education or even provide additional benefits in the new normal after the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide foundational concepts of online learning that can be historically traced back to distance education and discuss the practical guidelines for designing an effective online curriculum. There are three foundational concepts for effective distance education programs, which become the basis of instructional design of online learning and teaching practices: Transactional distance, Presence, and Independent learners. In this section, we will discuss the design of learning experiences by explaining five online pedagogical guidelines: design structure and flow to embrace experiential learning, accommodate both synchronous and asynchronous learning, design/ facilitate interactions, promote practice opportunities, and promote a learning community.
cord-260489-9d24cqke	2020	METHODOLOGY: To assess the attitude of the students towards online learning in subject of ENT, we conducted an observational study among 170 third year MBBS undergraduate students of our institute attending online classes through the student portal of our university website. RESULTS: Our survey revealed students favoured online learning to sustain their academic interest and development during this pandemic. To assess the attitude of the students towards online learning in subject of ENT, we conducted a short survey among third year MBBS undergraduate students of our institute attending ENT classes. For the opinion of preferred approach of learning after COVID 19 pandemic, 31% of students opted for the option of only classroom learning, 16% opted for only online learning where as 53% of the students opted for combined approach of classes (Fig. 3 ). [3, 6, 9] Majority of our students preferred for a combined approach of teaching after the pandemic for their better academic development.
cord-275071-2uiaruhg	2020	Linking decisions over the timing of lockdown and consequent deaths to economic data, we reveal the costs that national governments were implicitly prepared to pay to protect their citizens as reflected in the economic activity foregone to save lives. Accepting that they are a conservative estimate of the total impact of the pandemic, officially attributed Covid-19 deaths are used to investigate the price of life implied by lockdown policies. However, as far as we are aware, ours is the first study to use the SEIR modelling framework to examine the effects of lockdown timing across multiple countries in the same study, and the first to combine these results with financial forecasts to obtain cross-country implied price of life estimates. Table 5 shows that for those countries which under-report Covid-19 deaths, implied price of life is substantially reduced, highlighting once again that earlier lockdowns would have increased social welfare tremendously.
cord-278297-twiye6jv	2020	Although research conducted online solves the problem of data collection, a lack of internet access among low-income and minority communities may reduce the diversity of study samples and, thus, impact the generalizability of scientific findings. Indeed, many child development laboratories are going online for the first time, a shift that is being facilitated by resources such as the Parent and Researcher Collaborative (https://childrenhelpingscience.com), a single, crowd-sourced platform where researchers from different labs can post their studies for families to participate in. As excited as we are about the promises of online testing (e.g., in fields like developmental psychology where data collection is typically slow and expensive), we are also concerned about how the demographics of online participants may shift during COVID-19. In particular, we worry that online testing may reduce the diversity of participants--especially those from low-income and minority households-whose participation in scientific research has been essential in understanding all sorts of phenomena, from language proficiency [4] and spatial reasoning [5] to academic achievement [6] and brain development [7] .
cord-281745-jkscwdjh	2020	The paper first identifies the e-learning challenges in the Ghanaian context based on respondent''s views and then provide strategies for smooth delivery of e-learning derived from extant literature The research questions leading this investigation are; what are the perceived effectiveness of the online learning, what are the perceived barriers to online learning and what are the perceived strategies for a successful ICT integration in education for students who are unable to partake in e-learning process because of environmental and contextual factors related to ICT in lieu of the COVID-19 crisis. With the limited access to ICT resources and institutional challenges in its implementation in Sub-Saharan countries such as Ghana, there is a need for the government and education sectors across the country to address contextual and environmental difficulties faced by needy and rural school students who are excluded from the e-learning platforms which are no fault of theirs.
cord-284217-tv8f1315	2020	Therefore, in this paper, we aimed to assess and compare the access & use of online learning of Bruneians and Pakistanis amid enforced lockdown imposed by the governments using a five-items satisfaction scale underlying existing literature. Outcomes of the survey suggest that Bruneian are more satisfied (50%) with the use of online learning amid lockdown as compared to Pakistanis (35.9%). Living in the Urban area as compared to a rural area is also a major factor contributing to satisfaction with the access and use of online learning for both Bruneian and Pakistanis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first study in accessing the student satisfaction with the use of online learning resources amid COVID-19. Outcomes suggest that use and access to online learning resources during novel infectious disease a SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic is crucial for student satisfaction. The study mainly aims to assess the effect of access & use of online learning resources amid the COVID-19 lockdown on student satisfaction.
cord-284529-0ri4kw4k	2020	The aim of the present study was to describe past-30-day use of different gambling types during the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals defined as online gamblers, in order to enable a comparison with past-30-day data reported from a previous survey in online gamblers carried out in 2018. For those reporting past-30-day gambling, compared to those denying that but reporting past-year gambling for the same gambling type, being a moderate-risk or problem gamblers was significantly more likely among the recent gamblers for landbased casino gambling, land-based electronic machine gambling, and for any sports betting, but less likely for online horse betting. In the present study, for most gambling types, the past-30-day gamblers either did not differ from past-year gamblers, or had a higher degree of gambling problems, such as for sports betting (as discussed above), landbased electronic gambling machines, or land-based casino.
cord-286531-3syf6upw	2020	This study surveyed 3275 Chinese parents'' beliefs and attitudes around young children''s online learning during the lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. To fill this research gap, this study endeavors to understand how Chinese parents perceive their young children''s online learning during the COVID-19 lockdown through a large-scale online survey. Thus, it is of great theoretical importance to understand Chinese parental beliefs and attitudes around young children''s online learning during the lockdown as a unique study in terms of time and place. As the first exploration of Chinese parents'' beliefs and attitudes around online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study has found that many young children had online learning experiences that were delivered by their kindergarten teachers or online learning apps at no or low cost.
cord-290626-sv5183ha	2020	13, 19, 21, 22, 29, 30 The following marketing characteristics were gathered from each website: (1) claims a "discount" compared with other pharmacies; (2) offers bulk discounts; (3) offers a "promo code" or coupon on checkout; (4) facilitates purchases using cryptocurrency (e.g., Bitcoin); (5) has drug-specific advertisements pertaining to Adderall; (6) displays advertisements for other products on the page advertising the sale of Adderall; (7) has a phone number or WhatsApp contact information listed; (8) includes an offer to speak with an associate; (9) claims pharmacy registration (e.g., Professional Compounding Centers of America [PCCA] or NABP Digital Pharmacy Accreditation); (10) includes customer testimonies; and (11) offers privacy reassurances (e.g., discrete packaging or protection of health-or billing-related information).
cord-293609-wymqvwjt	2020	A cross-sectional online survey of 2005 gamblers, including a sub-sample of 1081 online gamblers (age 18 years and older), was administered to assess risky gambling behaviours and motivations, financial impacts from COVID-19, the influence of COVID-19 on online gambling, mental health concerns and substance use. Among high-risk online gamblers, the most predictive risk factors included moderate and severe anxiety and depression, reduced work hours, being influenced to gamble due to COVID-19, gambling under the influence of cannabis or alcohol and risky gambling motives tied to mental health concerns, including gambling because it helps with nervousness and depression, chasing gambling losses and seeking to earn income. Despite the research evidence, our holistic understanding of the intersection of risky gambling behaviours, financial crisis and stress, negative mental health outcomes and substance use has yet to consider the specific effects of online gambling during a time of increased social isolation and significant economic instability.
cord-298925-4wb7kayl	2020	Most rheumatology textbooks are now available in digital formats, and these are complemented with live updating educational hubs such as UpToDate and ClinicalKey. Emerging topics of COVID-19 on these proprietary platforms are now freely available to all specialists. Social media channels, particularly Twitter, are becoming major players in the era of COVID-19 by offering online journal clubs, enabling fast dissemination of influential articles, and facilitating interactive education. Indexed rheumatology journals, in turn, aid online education by opening access to recommendations and other materials that are rapidly changing research and practice worldwide. • Online rheumatology education is enriched by peer review and social media activities, which are becoming major players in the time of the COVID19 pandemic. The EMerging EULAR NETwork (EMEUNET) has an exemplary online programme for mentoring ongoing research fellows how to review for top journals, filling a void in rheumatology education [52] .
cord-303300-89v1weno	2020	The critical procedural pillars of any behavioral study are: (1) programming an experiment in the preferred software (e.g., E-prime, PsychoPy, PsychToolbox, etc.); (2) setting-up the testing machine (e.g., lab-computer, multi-unit testing facility, etc.) and (3) recruiting participants to conduct the study. In comparison to the hegemony of Java, Python, C++ and MATLAB libraries for experimental programming of lab-based studies, Javascript (JS) is the language of choice for online experiments. In comparison to the hegemony of Java, Python, C++ and MATLAB libraries for experimental programming of lab-based studies, Javascript (JS) is the language of choice for online experiments. Generally speaking, what researchers need for online experimentation is the same as what they need for lab-based studies (Figure 1) : (1) a programmed experiment, (2) a server to host the study and (3) a recruiting platform which advertises to participants. The Timing Mega-Study: Comparing a Range of Experiment Generators, Both Lab-Based and Online
cord-306441-clyhurjl	2020	Known as TeamLEAD (Learn, Engage, Apply and Develop), the primary mode of teaching for the first-year medical students at Duke-NUS is an adaptation of Team-Based Learning (TBL). Given how moving the class online did not affect students'' perceptions of their learning experience, this suggests that the eLearning mode reached most of the same objectives as the face-to-face mode. However, students felt that the online instructional mode adopted during the eLearning week did not provide the opportunities to develop verbal communication skills, which they would have had in a face-to-face TeamLEAD session. Students from the AY2014/15 cohort felt that the eLearning mode of instruction did not facilitate their development in the following TBL outcomes: verbal communication, collaboration and leadership skills n = 50 for the eLearning week, and n = 52 for the face-to-face Week 6 in the cohort of AY2014/15 The combined use of a shared online document and a video-conferencing platform for the facilitated class discussion during the mTRAP is a unique feature of our iteration of online TBL.
cord-307292-de4lbc24	2020	The goal of this study is to examine whether and how youth care workers utilize social media communications for reaching out to detached adolescents and providing them emotional support. A thematic analysis of the interviews revealed three principal psychosocial usages of social media: (1) Reaching out and maintaining reciprocal and meaningful therapeutic relationships with youth at risk over time; (2) Identifying risks and emotional distress; and (3) "stepping in" and providing psychosocial assistance, when needed. Although the main conclusion from this study supports the notion that the advantages of social media therapeutic relationships with youth at risk outweigh their problematic aspects, future research is recommended to establish clear guidelines for youth caregivers who wish to integrate the new media in their daily psychosocial work. Using in-depth interviews with youth counselors and social workers, this study examined the characteristics of online therapeutic relationships between adolescents at risk and their caregivers.
cord-307983-gjdza9bh	2020	Thus, while more motivated offenders being online is likely to elevate rates of cybervictimization, the overall patterns are likely more affected by changes in target suitability and guardianship that result from the pandemic. These "dangerous" online routines would include surfing the dark web, playing online video games, online shopping, and visiting social media sites as all of these activities have been reported to increase cybervictimization (Bossler & Holt, 2009; Bossler et al., 2012; Costello et al., 2016; Hawdon et al., 2014; Leukfeldt & Yar, 2016; Navarro & Jasinski, 2012; Reyns et al., 2011; van Wilsem, 2011) . Taking all of these factors together, we would anticipate an increase in cybervictimization amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to more motivated offenders, a change in some "dangerous" online routines, and perhaps less target-hardening.
cord-309201-c1awh48y	2020	14 The present study described the procedures performed to facilitate the urgent transition to e-learning and online assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic and to highlight its expected benefits and impact on student and staff satisfaction and performance. It also aimed to compare the scores of male and female students during both face-to-face and online PBL sessions, and to explore the expected challenges of this experience to sustain its future implementation after the COVID-19 pandemic. Weekly reports though the official learning management systemdBlackboarddregarding the number, duration, and modality of different educational activities including the live streaming sessions and students'' attendance rate were collected from the course organisers in coordination with the e-learning unit, phase coordination, and e-assessment committees. The items covered in the students'' survey included the following: the success of elearning in compensating for the urgent suspension of faceto-face teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, efficiency of instructions announced before the online teaching, staff''s resistance and experience in e-learning requirements, and effectiveness of online assessment in testing their knowledge and skills levels.
cord-310227-spqb5pub	2020	title: (Vi)-rushed into online group schema-therapy based day-treatment for older adults by the COVID-19 outbreak in the Netherlands Background -Societal measures in context of the COVID-19 outbreak forced us to transform our schema therapy-based day-treatment for older adults with chronic affective disorders and personality problems into an online program. Background -Societal measures in context of the COVID-19 outbreak forced us to transform our schema therapy-based day-treatment for older adults with chronic affective disorders and personality problems into an online program. Our day-treatment was originally developed for patients aged 60 years and older suffering from an affective disorder (depressive, anxiety or somatic symptom), with comorbid personality problems considered to maintain affective symptoms and/or predispose for relapse. 10 Important lessons we learned were 1) digital literacy of older persons is sufficient for online therapy, 2) brief individual contact is important to monitor the patients'' process and 3) non-verbal therapies as well as informal break-out time facilitates the group therapy process.
cord-315184-py8lbg97	2020	We draw on data from the Online Labour Index and interviews with freelancers in the United States securing work on online platforms, to illuminate effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic. We combine data from the Online Labour Index (OLI) and an interview-based panel study of freelance workers in the United States to provide insight into the changes in online labour markets relative to the ongoing pandemic arising from the global spread of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19. In this initial rapid analysis, we therefore use quantitative data to examine changes in the demand for online labour in three important regional economies with different countermeasures towards the pandemic: United States, Germany, and South Korea. Our interview data come from an ongoing panel study of 60 freelance workers who are located in the United States and seeking work online via the online labour platform Upwork (See http://upwork.com).
cord-316041-mrace6ux	2020	Since the 2017 NHTS does not ask about e-grocery shopping, we also analyze data from the 2017 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) to contrast socio-economic characteristics of people who engage in online grocery shopping with conventional grocery shoppers. Second, since (to the best of our knowledge) there is no publicly available national dataset on e-grocery in the US, we analyzed data from the 2017 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) to characterize US consumers who shop online for groceries. We then estimated two more logit models on the sub-sample (N=2,934) of ATUS respondents who live in core-based statistical areas where at least one person shopped for groceries online. Since US national household travel surveys do not track what e-shoppers purchase, we also analyzed grocery shopping data from the 2017 ATUS using logit models and nonparametric tests.
cord-338334-252475qz	2020	Although research in retailing has identified a multitude of attributes that influence customer''s store choice behavior, these retailers seem to be focused inordinately on leveraging their physical infrastructure to provide quicker delivery of online orders as they attempt to compete with Amazon for a larger share of online shoppers. Using a multivariate probit choice model, we show that the key reason customers choose Amazon home delivery lies in the fundamentals of retailing -large assortment, competitive prices, and purchase convenience. Offline retailers such as Walmart should thus focus on providing these attributes in their online stores to wean away customers from online retailers such as Amazon instead of investing inordinately in their physical infrastructure to provide quicker delivery of orders. Home delivery of online orders placed at Amazon.com seems to be preferred the most by customers who place high importance on APC, i.e., product assortment, price competitiveness, and purchase convenience (β std = 0.39; p < 0.01).
cord-343764-xan5g88w	2020	We follow on with an explication of results from thirty-six papers, exploring nine key themes: student perceptions, student performance, anxiety, cheating, staff perceptions, authentication and security, interface design, and technology issues. The development of online examination software has offered a systematic and technological alternative to the end-of-course summative examination designed for final authentication and testing of student knowledge retention, application, and extension. This paper is a timely exploration of the contemporary literature related to online examinations in the university setting, with the hopes to consolidate information on this relatively new pedagogy in higher education. The objective of this paper is to summarize the current evidence on online examination methods, and scholarly responses to authentication of learning and the mitigation of cheating, within the confines of assessment that enables learning and student wellbeing. A study of 69 psychology undergraduates identified that students who typically experienced high anxiety in traditional test environments had lower anxiety levels when completing an online examination (Stowell & Bennett, 2010) .
cord-346258-xlyi0cnl	2020	Although significant amounts of research have been done on the positive effects of Internet and online communication on social pressure [12] , fear of missing out [13] , relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction [14] , perceived social support [15] , well-being [16] and life satisfaction [17] , these effects were never studied in the peculiar environment of a cruise ship where life and work contexts are so intertwined such that the distinction between one and the other is blurred [18] . We reviewed existing theory and previous studies on the effects of the Internet and online communication on social pressure, fear of missing out, Internet multitasking and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction. The goal of the current study was to investigate and model complex mutual interactions the Internet and online communication had on social pressure, fear of missing out, internet multitasking and relatedness to friends and family need satisfaction, perceived social support, well-being and life satisfaction of cruise ship employees.
cord-348709-y1tws6p9	2020	However, the MCO that resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic has created significant challenges for the higher education community in ensuring continuous provision of education to the students. It should be noted that if the duration for the MCO following the COVID-19 outbreak were to exceed two months, which is now the case, it was essential for medical schools to activate emergency risk management for the implementation of online teaching and learning during the outbreak. However, online teaching continues to be an adjunct teaching method for medical curricula, as face-to face teaching is still required for the development of certain learning outcomes such as the acquisition of clinical skills and development of values (i.e. professionalism) (12) . Being able to conduct fullblown online teaching and learning in medical schools during this pandemic is critical to ensure the continuity of educational delivery to medical students after the prohibition of movement and mass assemblies had been undertaken to break the chain of infection.
cord-350256-tpu2oidi	2020	The authors contextualize this concept with examples of how attention to the use of aesthetic and multimedia strategies in the classroom and in the online learning environment may foster openness and connection, encourage flexibility, humor, critical thinking, and animate and facilitate conversations about emergent and emotionally difficult themes while increasing accessibility for different kinds of learners. The authors spent a significant part of their article articulating their use of a range of synchronous and asynchronous tools for teaching, discussion, and assignments, which may be helpful for others interested in developing or improving online and hybrid learning options for CATs. Blanc''s (2018) phenomenological pilot study explored more deeply this concept of embodied presence for DMT hybrid students, finding importance in artsbased responses and layered engagement between movement, other arts responses, and cognitive learning.