id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-033412-acjskz00	Ruan, Yongsen	On the founder effect in COVID-19 outbreaks – How many infected travelers may have started them all?	2020-09-24		.txt	text/plain	3424	241	63	How many incoming travelers [I(0) at time 0, equivalent to the "founders" in evolutionary genetics] infected with SARS-CoV-2 who visit or return to a region could have started the epidemic of that region? To obtain I(0), we analyze the genetic divergence among viral populations of different regions. By applying the "individual-output" model of genetic drift to the SARS-CoV-2 diversities, we obtain I(0) < 10, which could have been achieved by one infected traveler in a long-distance flight. Since the epidemic in any bordered region could have been started by one single infected traveler, or by 1,000 of them, we take the population genetic approach to analyzing the divergence among viral populations in relation to the "founder effect" [4] . For studying population differentiation, the source population infecting the travelers needs to harbor genetic variants in non-trivial frequencies to yield informative data [10] .	./cache/cord-033412-acjskz00.txt	./txt/cord-033412-acjskz00.txt