id sid tid token lemma pos cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 1 key key JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 2 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 3 cord-019001-ralxw4ad cord-019001-ralxw4ad ADD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 4 authors author NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 5 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 6 Oishi Oishi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 8 Peter Peter NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 9 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 10 Fineman Fineman NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 12 Jeffrey Jeffrey NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 13 R. R. NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 14 title title NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 15 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 16 Diseases disease NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 19 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 20 Vascular Vascular NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 21 System System NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 22 date date NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 23 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 24 2008 2008 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 25 - - SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 26 11 11 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 27 - - SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 28 15 15 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 29 journal journal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 30 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 31 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 32 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 33 Tract tract NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 34 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 35 Pediatric Pediatric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 36 Critical Critical NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 37 Illness Illness NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 38 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 39 Injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 40 DOI doi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 1 41 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 1 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 3 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 4 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 5 84800 84800 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 7 925 925 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 8 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 9 7_20 7_20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 10 sha sha NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 2 11 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 3 1 ea92b30e2cdfa622b49d9fdcb84c5528ce8ed658 ea92b30e2cdfa622b49d9fdcb84c5528ce8ed658 NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 3 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 3 3 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 4 1 19001 19001 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 4 2 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 4 3 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 5 1 ralxw4ad ralxw4ad NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 5 2 nan nan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 1 Although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 2 historically historically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 3 considered consider VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 5 lesser less JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 6 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 8 pathology pathology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 12 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 13 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 15 great great JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 16 source source NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 18 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 19 morbidity morbidity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 21 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 6 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 3 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 4 commonly commonly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 5 displayed display VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 7 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 9 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 11 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 12 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 13 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 15 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 18 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 20 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 21 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 22 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 23 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 25 adolescents adolescent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 27 young young JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 28 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 29 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 30 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 32 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 7 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 1 Recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 2 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 4 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 5 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 7 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 8 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 10 regulated regulate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 11 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 12 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 13 complex complex JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 14 interaction interaction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 16 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 17 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 18 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 19 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 20 locally locally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 21 produced produce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 22 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 24 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 25 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 27 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 30 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 33 3 3 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 36 4 4 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 39 5 5 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 42 6 6 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 8 44 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 2 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 4 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 5 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 6 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 7 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 9 NO no UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 12 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 14 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 17 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 18 capable capable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 20 producing produce VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 22 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 23 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 24 constriction constriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 26 modulating modulate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 28 propensity propensity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 29 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 30 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 31 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 32 clot clot NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 35 inducing induce VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 36 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 37 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 38 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 39 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 40 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 41 migration migration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 42 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 43 replication replication NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 45 6 6 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 48 7 7 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 50 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 51 8 8 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 54 9 9 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 56 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 57 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 58 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 59 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 60 11 11 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 62 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 63 12 12 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 64 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 65 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 66 13 13 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 67 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 68 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 69 14 14 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 70 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 71 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 72 15 15 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 73 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 74 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 75 16 16 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 76 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 77 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 78 17 17 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 79 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 80 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 81 18 18 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 82 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 83 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 84 19 19 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 85 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 86 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 87 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 88 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 9 89 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 4 mounting mount VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 5 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 6 implicate implicate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 7 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 8 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 11 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 12 aberration aberration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 15 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 16 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 18 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 19 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 22 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 25 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 26 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 28 21 21 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 10 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 11 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 11 2 22 22 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 11 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 11 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 11 5 23 23 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 11 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 2 24 24 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 5 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 12 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 2 chapter chapter NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 5 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 6 regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 9 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 11 transitional transitional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 14 postnatal postnatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 16 circulations circulation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 19 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 21 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 22 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 23 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 24 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 27 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 28 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 30 preventative preventative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 31 strategies strategy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 32 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 34 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 13 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 1 Particular particular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 2 emphasis emphasis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 4 placed place VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 5 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 7 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 12 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 14 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 15 processes process NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 17 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 18 modalities modality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 14 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 1 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 2 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 4 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 7 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 8 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 9 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 10 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 11 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 12 values value NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 14 33 33 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 15 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 2 proportion proportion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 4 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 5 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 6 relates relate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 8 alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 11 physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 12 architecture architecture NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 15 alveoli alveolus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 17 small small JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 19 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 20 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 21 occur occur VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 23 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 24 distention distention NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 26 34 34 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 16 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 4 physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 5 expansion expansion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 8 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 9 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 12 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 14 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 15 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 17 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 18 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 19 PGI PGI NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 20 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 22 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 23 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 25 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 26 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 27 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 28 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 29 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 30 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 31 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 32 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 33 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 34 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 35 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 36 goat goat NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 37 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 38 lamb lamb NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 39 independent independent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 40 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 41 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 42 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 43 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 44 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 45 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 47 35 35 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 50 36 36 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 53 37 37 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 56 38 38 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 59 39 39 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 61 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 62 40 40 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 63 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 17 64 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 1 When when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 2 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 4 accompanied accompany VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 5 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 6 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 8 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 9 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 11 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 13 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 14 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 15 ambient ambient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 16 air air NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 17 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 18 supplemental supplemental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 19 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 22 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 24 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 25 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 26 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 27 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 28 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 30 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 31 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 32 falls fall VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 33 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 34 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 35 values value NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 18 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 2 exact exact JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 5 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 6 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 7 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 8 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 10 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 11 remain remain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 12 unclear unclear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 19 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 1 Alveolar alveolar NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 2 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 3 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 4 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 5 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 6 directly directly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 7 dilate dilate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 9 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 10 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 11 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 12 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 13 trigger trigger VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 15 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 17 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 18 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 20 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 21 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 22 PGI PGI NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 23 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 24 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 25 NO no NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 20 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 4 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 5 indicate indicate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 6 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 7 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 10 particular particular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 12 participates participate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 15 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 19 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 20 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 21 accompanies accompany VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 22 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 24 alveolar alveolar NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 26 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 27 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 28 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 30 7 7 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 31 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 32 12 12 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 21 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 3 despite despite IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 5 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 6 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 8 inhibition inhibition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 10 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 11 does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 12 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 13 impair impair VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 15 immediate immediate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 16 fall fall NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 20 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 21 seen see VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 22 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 23 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 25 further further RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 26 suggesting suggest VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 27 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 28 multiple multiple JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 29 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 30 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 31 involved involve VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 32 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 33 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 34 transitional transitional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 35 physiology physiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 22 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 4 recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 5 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 6 implicate implicate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 7 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 8 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 9 shear shear NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 10 forces force NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 11 across across IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 12 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 13 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 15 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 16 result result VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 19 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 21 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 22 NO no NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 24 PGI PGI NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 25 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 27 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 28 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 29 additional additional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 30 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 31 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 32 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 33 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 34 occurs occur VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 35 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 36 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 38 32 32 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 23 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 3 possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 4 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 5 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 6 particular particular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 7 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 8 acts act VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 9 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 10 maintain maintain VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 12 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 13 once once IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 15 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 16 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 17 established establish VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 18 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 20 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 21 described describe VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 22 earlier early RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 24 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 2 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 5 dramatic dramatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 6 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 9 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 10 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 11 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 12 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 14 initiation initiation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 16 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 18 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 19 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 20 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 21 refl refl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 22 ects ects NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 23 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 24 shift shift NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 25 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 26 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 28 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 29 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 30 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 31 fetus fetus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 32 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 33 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 34 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 35 vasodilatation vasodilatation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 36 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 37 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 38 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 25 39 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 1 Failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 2 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 3 undergo undergo VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 4 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 5 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 6 transition transition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 7 contributes contribute VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 8 substantially substantially RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 9 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 11 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 13 many many JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 14 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 16 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 17 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 19 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 20 bronchopulmonary bronchopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 21 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 23 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 26 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 28 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 30 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 31 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 32 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 35 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 36 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 37 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 39 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 40 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 26 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 2 successful successful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 3 transition transition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 4 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 6 fetal fetal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 9 postnatal postnatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 11 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 12 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 13 marked mark VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 14 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 16 maintenance maintenance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 20 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 23 dilated dilated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 25 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 26 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 27 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 28 state state NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 30 65 65 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 27 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 1 Recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 2 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 3 suggests suggest VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 4 that that DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 5 basal basal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 6 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 7 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 11 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 12 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 14 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 15 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 16 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 17 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 18 guanosine guanosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 19 monophosphate monophosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 21 cGMP cGMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 23 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 26 part part NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 27 mediate mediate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 29 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 30 resting rest VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 32 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 33 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 34 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 35 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 36 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 38 66 66 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 28 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 1 Other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 2 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 3 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 5 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 6 histamine histamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 8 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-hydroxytryptamine CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 10 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 13 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 15 arachidonic arachidonic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 16 acid acid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 17 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 19 cyclooxygenase cyclooxygenase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 21 lipoxygenase lipoxygenase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 22 pathways pathway NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 24 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 25 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 26 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 27 implicated implicate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 28 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 29 mediating mediate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 30 postnatal postnatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 32 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 33 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 34 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 35 however however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 37 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 38 roles role NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 39 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 40 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 41 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 42 elucidated elucidate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 29 43 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 1 Two two CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 4 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 5 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 6 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 7 affecting affect VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 10 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 13 postnatal postnatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 14 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 15 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 16 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 17 concentration concentration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 19 pH. ph. NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 20 Decreasing decrease VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 21 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 22 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 24 decreases decrease NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 26 pH pH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 27 elicit elicit VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 29 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 31 67 67 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 30 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 1 Alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 2 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 3 constricts constrict VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 5 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 7 diverting divert VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 8 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 9 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 10 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 11 away away RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 12 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 13 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 14 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 15 segments segment NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 17 toward toward IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 18 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 19 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 20 oxygenated oxygenated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 21 segments segment NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 23 thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 24 enhancing enhance VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 25 ventilationperfusion ventilationperfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 26 matching match VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 28 68 68 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 31 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 2 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 3 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 4 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 6 unique unique JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 10 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 12 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 13 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 16 younger young JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 17 animal animal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 18 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 21 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 23 69 69 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 32 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 4 most most JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 6 beds bed NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 8 e.g. e.g. RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 10 cerebral cerebral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 11 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 14 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 15 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 16 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 17 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 18 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 33 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 2 exact exact JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 5 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 7 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 8 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 9 incompletely incompletely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 10 under under RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 12 stood stand VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 13 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 14 likely likely JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 15 involves involve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 16 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 19 local local JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 20 concentration concentration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 22 reactive reactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 23 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 24 species specie NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 25 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 27 turn turn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 28 regulate regulate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 29 voltage voltage NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 30 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 31 gated gate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 32 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 33 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 35 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 36 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 38 66 66 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 39 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 40 70 70 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 34 42 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 1 Acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 2 potentiates potentiate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 3 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 5 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 7 whereas whereas IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 8 alkalosis alkalosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 9 reduces reduce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 12 71 71 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 35 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 2 exact exact JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 5 pH ph NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 10 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 11 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 12 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 13 incompletely incompletely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 14 understood understand VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 15 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 16 appears appear VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 17 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 18 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 19 independent independent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 21 PaCO paco NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 22 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 24 72 72 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 36 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 1 Recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 2 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 4 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 5 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 6 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 7 play play VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 8 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 9 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 10 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 12 mediating mediate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 13 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 14 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 15 as as RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 16 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 18 73 73 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 37 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 1 Manipulating manipulate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 2 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 3 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 4 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 5 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 6 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 38 7 arterial arterial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 1 pH pH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 2 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 3 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 4 approaches approach NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 6 changing change VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 9 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 12 critical critical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 13 care care NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 14 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 39 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 1 Alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 2 hyperoxia hyperoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 4 alkalosis alkalosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 5 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 6 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 7 used use VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 8 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 9 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 12 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 13 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 14 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 15 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 16 relieve relieve VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 18 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 20 little little JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 21 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 22 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 24 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 25 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 26 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 27 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 28 whole whole NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 40 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 3 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 4 alkalosis alkalosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 6 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 7 avoided avoid VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 8 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 11 detrimental detrimental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 12 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 14 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 15 hypocarbia hypocarbia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 16 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 17 alkalosis alkalosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 18 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 19 cerebral cerebral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 21 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 22 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 23 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 24 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 26 see see VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 27 General General NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 28 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 29 Approach Approach NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 31 later later RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 34 6 6 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 36 8 8 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 41 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 1 Despite despite IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 2 extensive extensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 3 innervation innervation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 6 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 8 neural neural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 9 input input NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 11 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 12 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 13 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 14 determinant determinant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 16 basal basal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 19 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 42 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 4 neurohumoral neurohumoral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 5 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 6 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 8 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 9 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 10 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 11 adrenergic adrenergic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 13 β β NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 14 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 15 adrenergic adrenergic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 18 dopaminergic dopaminergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 19 agonists agonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 21 74 74 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 23 75 75 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 43 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 3 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 4 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 5 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 6 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 7 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 8 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 9 will will MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 10 affect affect VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 13 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 15 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 19 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 20 circulations circulation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 44 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 1 Alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 2 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 3 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 4 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 7 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 8 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 9 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 10 given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 11 agent agent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 14 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 15 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 17 relative relative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 18 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 22 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 23 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 24 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 25 given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 26 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 45 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 4 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 6 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 7 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 8 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 9 diffi diffi JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 10 cult cult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 11 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 12 predict predict VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 14 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 15 individual individual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 16 critically critically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 17 ill ill JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 18 patient patient NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 46 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 2 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 3 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 4 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 5 throughout throughout IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 6 gestation gestation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 8 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 9 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 47 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 2 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 6 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 7 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 8 any any DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 9 one one CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 10 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 12 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 13 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 14 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 15 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 17 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 18 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 19 estimated estimate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 20 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 21 applying apply VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 23 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 24 equation equation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 27 Poiseuille Poiseuille NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 28 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 29 Hagen Hagen NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 30 relationship relationship NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 32 76 76 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 48 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 2 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 3 equation equation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 6 hydraulic hydraulic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 7 equivalent equivalent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 9 Ohm Ohm NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 10 's 's POS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 11 law law NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 13 states state VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 14 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 16 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 17 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 18 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 19 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 20 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 21 two two CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 22 points point NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 23 along along IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 24 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 25 tube tube NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 26 equals equal VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 28 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 29 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 30 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 31 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 32 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 33 two two CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 34 points point NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 35 divided divide VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 36 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 37 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 38 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 39 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 41 77 77 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 42 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 43 78 78 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 49 45 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 4 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 5 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 7 where where WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 8 Rp Rp NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 12 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 14 Qp Qp NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 15 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 17 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 18 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 19 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 22 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 24 mean mean JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 25 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 26 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 27 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 30 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 32 Ppa Ppa NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 34 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 35 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 36 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 37 vein vein NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 39 Ppv Ppv NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 41 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 42 left leave VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 43 atrium atrium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 44 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 45 where where WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 46 la la NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 47 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 48 mean mean JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 49 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 50 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 51 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 50 52 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 51 1 Rp rp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 51 2 = = NFP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 52 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 53 1 Ppa Ppa NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 53 2 − − NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 53 3 Ppv Ppv NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 53 4 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 53 5 la la NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 54 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 54 2 mean)]/Qp mean)]/qp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 4 calculated calculate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 7 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 8 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 9 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 11 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 12 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 13 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 14 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 15 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 17 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 18 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 19 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 20 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 55 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 1 Changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 2 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 4 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 5 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 6 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 7 mean mean VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 8 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 9 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 10 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 11 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 12 somewhat somewhat RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 13 more more RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 14 complicated complicated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 56 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 2 isolation isolation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 4 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 7 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 8 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 10 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 11 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 12 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 13 would would MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 14 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 16 calculated calculate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 19 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 57 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 3 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 6 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 7 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 8 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 9 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 10 accompanied accompany VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 11 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 12 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 13 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 14 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 17 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 18 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 20 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 21 maintains maintain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 22 driving drive VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 23 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 26 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 28 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 29 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 30 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 31 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 32 calculated calculate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 33 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 34 across across IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 35 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 36 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 37 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 38 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 58 39 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 3 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 5 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 6 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 7 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 9 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 10 occur occur VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 11 independent independent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 13 alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 17 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 19 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 20 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 21 considered consider VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 59 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 4 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 5 intracardiac intracardiac NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 6 shunts shunt NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 8 e.g. e.g. RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 10 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 11 septal septal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 12 defect defect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 14 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 15 result result VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 17 congestive congestive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 18 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 19 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 20 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 21 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 22 elevation elevation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 24 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 25 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 26 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 60 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 1 Closure closure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 4 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 5 septal septal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 6 defect defect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 7 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 8 acutely acutely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 9 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 10 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 11 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 12 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 14 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 16 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 17 elevation elevation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 20 calculated calculate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 22 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 23 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 25 provided provide VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 26 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 28 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 29 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 30 does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 31 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 32 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 33 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 34 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 35 same same JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 36 extent extent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 39 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 40 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 41 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 42 no no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 43 change change NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 44 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 46 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 47 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 48 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 49 occurred occur VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 50 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 51 79 79 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 61 53 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 1 Other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 2 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 3 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 4 affect affect VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 7 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 8 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 9 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 10 defi defi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 11 ned ned NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 13 applying apply VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 15 modifi modifi JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 16 cation cation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 19 Poiseuille Poiseuille NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 20 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 21 Hagen Hagen NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 22 relationship relationship NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 24 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 25 describes describe VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 27 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 29 R r NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 31 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 32 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 33 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 34 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 35 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 36 Newtonian Newtonian NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 37 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 38 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 39 through through IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 40 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 41 system system NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 42 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 43 round round JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 44 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 45 straight straight JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 46 glass glass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 47 tubes tube NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 48 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 49 constant constant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 50 cross cross NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 51 sectional sectional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 52 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 53 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 54 where where WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 55 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 56 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 57 length length NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 58 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 59 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 60 system system NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 61 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 62 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 63 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 64 n n NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 65 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 66 vessel vessel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 67 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 68 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 69 r r NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 70 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 71 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 72 internal internal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 73 radius radius NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 74 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 75 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 76 system system NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 77 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 78 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 79 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 80 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 81 η η NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 82 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 83 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 84 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 85 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 86 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 87 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 88 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 62 89 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 1 According accord VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 2 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 3 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 4 relationship relationship NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 6 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 8 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 10 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 11 perfusing perfuse VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 13 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 14 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 15 decreasing decrease VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 17 radius radius NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 18 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 19 crosssectional crosssectional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 20 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 22 πr πr VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 23 4 4 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 28 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 29 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 30 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 32 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 33 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 63 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 1 Because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 3 above above JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 4 equations equation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 5 describe describe VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 6 steady steady JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 8 laminar laminar NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 9 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 10 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 12 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 13 Newtonian Newtonian NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 14 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 15 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 17 rigid rigid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 19 glass glass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 20 tubes tube NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 22 differences difference NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 23 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 24 physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 26 biologic biologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 27 systems system NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 28 should should MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 29 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 30 considered consider VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 64 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 1 First first RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 3 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 5 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 7 Newtonian Newtonian NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 8 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 9 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 65 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 3 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 5 probably probably RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 7 little little JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 8 importance importance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 9 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 10 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 11 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 12 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 14 80 80 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 66 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 2 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 4 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 6 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 8 red red JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 9 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 10 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 12 fi fi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 13 brinogen brinogen NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 14 concentration concentration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 17 red red JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 18 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 19 deformability deformability NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 67 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 1 An an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 2 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 3 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 5 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 6 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 7 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 8 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 10 twin twin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 12 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 13 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 14 twin twin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 15 transfusion transfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 17 maternal maternal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 18 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 19 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 20 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 21 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 22 transfusion transfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 24 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 25 delayed delay VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 26 clamping clamping NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 29 umbilical umbilical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 30 cord cord NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 32 will will MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 33 increase increase VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 34 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 36 80 80 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 37 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 38 81 81 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 40 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 41 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 42 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 43 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 44 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 45 logarithmically logarithmically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 46 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 47 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 48 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 49 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 68 50 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 1 Second second JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 4 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 5 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 6 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 7 rigid rigid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 8 tubes tube NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 69 9 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 2 walls wall NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 3 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 4 deformable deformable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 8 size size NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 10 shape shape NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 11 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 12 infl infl NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 13 uenced uence VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 14 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 15 transmural transmural NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 16 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 70 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 4 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 6 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 7 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 8 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 9 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 10 left leave VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 11 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 12 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 13 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 15 vessel vessel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 16 diameter diameter NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 17 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 18 change change VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 20 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 22 recruitment recruitment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 24 additional additional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 26 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 27 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 28 occur occur VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 71 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 4 fall fall NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 6 calculated calculate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 9 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 11 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 14 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 15 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 16 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 17 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 18 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 20 65 65 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 22 82 82 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 24 83 83 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 72 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 1 Third third RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 3 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 4 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 5 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 6 through through IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 9 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 11 pulsatile pulsatile JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 13 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 14 laminar laminar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 18 small small JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 20 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 21 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 22 branched branch VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 24 curved curved JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 27 tapered tapered JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 29 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 30 smooth smooth VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 32 76 76 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 73 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 5 small small JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 7 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 8 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 10 parallel parallel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 14 radii radii NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 16 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 17 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 18 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 19 differ differ VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 21 different different JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 22 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 23 zones zone NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 74 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 1 Despite despite IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 2 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 3 differences difference NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 4 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 5 physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 6 models model NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 9 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 10 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 12 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 14 physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 15 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 17 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 18 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 19 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 21 radius radius NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 23 do do VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 24 apply apply VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 26 76 76 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 29 77 77 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 32 78 78 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 75 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 5 change change NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 7 luminal luminal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 8 radius radius NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 11 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 12 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 13 responsible responsible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 14 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 15 maintaining maintain VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 16 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 17 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 20 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 23 fetus fetus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 76 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 1 Consideration consideration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 3 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 4 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 6 particularly particularly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 7 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 9 cross cross JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 10 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 11 sectional sectional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 12 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 16 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 18 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 19 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 21 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 23 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 26 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 27 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 77 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 1 Finally finally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 5 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 6 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 7 note note VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 9 overall overall JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 10 relationship relationship NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 11 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 12 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 13 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 17 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 19 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 20 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 21 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 22 described describe VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 23 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 24 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 25 investigators investigator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 27 84 84 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 29 85 85 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 78 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 2 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 3 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 4 shown show VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 5 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 6 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 7 relationship relationship NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 8 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 9 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 10 U u NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 12 shaped shape VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 14 Figure Figure NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 15 20.1 20.1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 17 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 18 minimal minimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 20 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 21 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 22 noted note VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 23 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 24 functional functional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 25 residual residual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 26 capacity capacity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 79 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 1 Using use VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 2 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 3 open open JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 4 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 5 chest chest NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 6 model model NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 10 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 11 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 12 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 13 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 14 were be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 15 infl infl XX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 16 ated ate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 17 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 18 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 19 collapsed collapse VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 20 state state NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 22 then then RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 23 progressively progressively RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 24 increased increase VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 25 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 26 higher high JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 27 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 28 volumes volume NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 30 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 31 was be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 32 thought think VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 33 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 34 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 35 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 36 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 37 infl infl NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 38 ation ation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 39 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 40 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 41 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 42 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 43 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 80 44 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 2 observations observation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 3 support support VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 5 concept concept NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 6 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 7 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 8 infl infl NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 9 ation ation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 10 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 11 have have VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 12 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 13 variable variable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 14 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 15 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 17 distribution distribution NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 20 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 21 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 22 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 81 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 1 When when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 2 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 4 expressed express VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 6 mm mm NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 8 Hg Hg NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 82 10 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 1 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 2 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 3 L L NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 4 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 5 min min NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 7 units unit NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 9 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 10 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 11 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 12 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 13 mm mm NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 15 Hg Hg NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 16 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 17 L L NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 18 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 19 min min NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 21 Wood Wood NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 22 unit unit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 24 U U NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 83 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 3 comparisons comparison NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 4 among among IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 5 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 7 differing differ VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 8 weight weight NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 10 age age NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 11 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 12 problematic problematic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 84 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 3 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 5 more more RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 6 commonly commonly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 7 expressed express VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 9 relation relation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 10 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 11 body body NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 12 surface surface NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 13 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 15 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 16 U·m u·m CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 17 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 85 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 1 Multiplying multiply VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 2 U U NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 3 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 4 80 80 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 5 converts convert NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 6 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 7 dynes dynes NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 8 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 9 sec sec NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 10 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 11 cm cm NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 12 −5 −5 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 15 common common JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 16 form form NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 17 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 18 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 19 express express VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 20 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 22 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 23 settings setting NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 86 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 2 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 3 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 4 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 5 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 6 as as RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 7 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 8 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 9 8 8 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 10 - - SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 11 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 12 U·m u·m CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 13 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 14 immediately immediately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 15 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 87 16 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 1 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 2 then then RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 4 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 5 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 6 conditions condition NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 8 falls fall VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 9 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 10 previously previously RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 11 described describe VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 12 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 13 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 14 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 16 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 17 - - SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 18 3 3 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 19 U·m u·m CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 20 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 21 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 22 6 6 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 23 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 24 8 8 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 25 weeks week NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 26 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 27 life life NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 29 27 27 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 31 31 31 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 88 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 2 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 3 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 4 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 5 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 6 signifi signifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 7 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 8 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 9 source source NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 11 morbidity morbidity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 13 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 16 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 17 population population NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 89 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 2 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 4 defi defi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 5 ned ned NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 6 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 7 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 8 mean mean JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 10 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 11 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 13 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 14 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 15 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 16 mm mm NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 18 Hg Hg NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 19 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 20 rest rest NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 21 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 22 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 23 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 24 30 30 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 25 mm mm NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 26 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 27 Hg Hg NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 28 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 29 exercise exercise NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 90 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 5 calculated calculate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 7 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 8 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 10 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 11 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 12 3 3 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 13 U u NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 14 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 15 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 16 considered consider VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 17 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 91 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 2 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 5 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 6 common common JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 7 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 8 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 9 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 10 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 11 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 12 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 13 undergo undergo VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 15 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 16 fall fall NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 20 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 21 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 22 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 23 termed term VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 24 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 26 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 29 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 31 PPHN PPHN NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 33 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 34 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 35 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 36 incidence incidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 37 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 38 ∼1 ∼1 NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 39 per per IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 40 1,000 1,000 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 41 live live JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 42 births birth NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 92 43 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 3 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 5 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 7 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 8 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 9 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 10 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 11 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 13 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 14 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 15 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 18 bronchopulmonary bronchopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 19 dysplasia dysplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 21 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 22 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 23 result result VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 25 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 27 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 93 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 1 Beyond beyond IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 3 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 4 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 7 majority majority NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 9 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 11 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 12 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 14 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 16 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 17 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 18 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 94 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 1 Other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 3 less less RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 4 common common JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 5 causes cause NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 7 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 10 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 11 include include VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 12 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 14 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 17 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 19 hypoxiainduced hypoxiainduced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 22 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 24 rheumatologic rheumatologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 25 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 27 sickle sickle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 28 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 29 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 31 portal portal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 32 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 34 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 35 thromboembolic thromboembolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 36 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 37 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 38 human human JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 39 immunodefi immunodefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 40 ciency ciency NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 41 virus virus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 42 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 43 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 44 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 45 drug drug NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 46 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 47 toxin toxin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 48 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 49 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 95 50 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 2 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 5 classifi classifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 6 cation cation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 7 systems system NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 8 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 9 _SP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 10 Vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 11 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 12 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 14 capable capable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 16 producing produce VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 17 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 18 variety variety NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 20 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 21 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 22 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 23 participate participate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 25 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 26 regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 28 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 29 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 30 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 96 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 2 schematic schematic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 4 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 6 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 7 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 8 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 10 shown show VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 12 Figure figure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 13 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 14 .2 .2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 97 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 2 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 4 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 5 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 6 NO no RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 8 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 11 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 12 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 13 capable capable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 15 producing produce VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 17 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 18 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 19 constriction constriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 21 modulating modulate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 23 propensity propensity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 25 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 26 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 27 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 28 clot clot NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 30 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 31 inducing induce VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 32 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 33 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 34 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 35 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 36 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 37 migration migration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 38 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 39 replication replication NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 41 6 6 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 44 7 7 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 47 8 8 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 50 9 9 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 53 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 56 11 11 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 59 12 12 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 61 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 62 13 13 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 63 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 64 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 65 14 14 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 66 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 67 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 68 15 15 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 69 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 70 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 71 16 16 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 72 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 73 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 74 17 17 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 75 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 76 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 77 18 18 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 78 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 79 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 80 19 19 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 81 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 82 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 83 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 84 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 98 85 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 1 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 2 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 5 labile labile JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 6 humoral humoral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 7 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 8 produced produce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 9 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 10 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 11 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 12 synthase synthase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 14 NOS NOS NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 16 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 17 L l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 18 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 19 arginine arginine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 22 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 23 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 24 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 26 86 86 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 99 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 2 87 87 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 5 88 88 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 100 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 1 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 2 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 3 diffuses diffuse VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 4 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 6 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 7 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 8 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 10 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 12 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 13 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 14 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 15 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 17 guanosine guanosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 18 3′5′-monophosphate 3′5′-monophosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 20 cGMP cGMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 101 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 1 via via IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 3 activation activation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 5 soluble soluble JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 6 guanylate guanylate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 7 cyclase cyclase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 9 89 89 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 11 90 90 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 102 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 1 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 2 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 4 released release VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 6 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 8 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 9 variety variety NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 11 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 13 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 14 shear shear NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 15 stress stress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 17 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 18 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 22 binding binding NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 24 certain certain JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 25 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 26 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 27 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 28 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 30 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 31 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 32 acetylcholine acetylcholine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 34 adenosine adenosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 35 triphosphate triphosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 37 ATP ATP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 39 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 40 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 41 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 43 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 44 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 45 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 46 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 47 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 48 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 50 4 4 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 51 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 52 91 91 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 103 54 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 104 1 Basal basal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 1 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 2 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 4 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 5 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 6 mediator mediator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 8 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 9 resting rest VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 12 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 14 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 17 fetus fetus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 19 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 22 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 24 as as RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 25 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 26 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 27 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 28 mediator mediator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 29 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 30 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 31 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 32 fall fall NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 33 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 34 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 35 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 36 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 37 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 38 occurs occur VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 39 immediately immediately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 40 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 41 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 42 32 32 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 43 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 44 87 87 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 45 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 46 92 92 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 105 48 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 4 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 5 NO no RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 7 cGMP cgmp JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 8 signaling signaling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 10 integral integral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 13 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 16 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 18 as as RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 19 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 20 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 21 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 22 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 24 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 25 biologic biologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 27 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 29 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 31 11 11 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 33 23 23 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 35 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 37 44 44 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 39 45 45 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 40 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 41 48 48 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 42 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 43 52 52 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 106 45 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 1 Endothelin-1 Endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 4 21 21 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 5 amino amino NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 6 acid acid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 7 polypeptide polypeptide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 8 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 9 produced produce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 10 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 12 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 13 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 15 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 107 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 2 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 3 properties property NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 5 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 6 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 7 complex complex JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 10 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 11 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 12 shown show VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 13 varying vary VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 14 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 15 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 16 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 17 different different JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 19 beds bed NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 21 16 16 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 24 17 17 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 27 18 18 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 30 19 19 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 33 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 108 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 4 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 5 striking striking JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 6 property property NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 7 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 9 sustained sustained JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 10 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 11 action action NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 109 12 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 4 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 7 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 8 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 9 vasoconstricting vasoconstricte VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 10 agent agent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 11 discovered discover VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 15 potency potency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 16 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 17 times time NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 18 that that DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 20 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 21 II II NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 110 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 2 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 3 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 5 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 6 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 8 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 9 at at RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 10 least least JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 11 two two CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 12 distinct distinct JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 13 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 14 populations population NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 16 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 17 A A NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 19 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 20 B B NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 22 93 93 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 24 94 94 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 111 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 2 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 3 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 4 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 5 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 6 located locate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 7 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 9 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 10 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 11 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 13 mediate mediate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 14 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 16 whereas whereas IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 18 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 19 B B NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 20 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 21 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 22 located locate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 23 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 24 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 25 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 27 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 28 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 29 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 30 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 31 thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 32 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 33 mediate mediate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 34 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 35 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 37 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 39 respectively respectively RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 112 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 1 Individual individual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 2 endothelins endothelin NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 3 occur occur VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 5 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 6 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 9 plasma plasma NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 11 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 12 below below IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 14 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 15 thresholds threshold NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 113 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 3 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 4 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 5 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 6 primarily primarily RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 7 effective effective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 8 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 10 local local JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 11 site site NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 13 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 114 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 1 Even even RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 2 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 3 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 4 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 6 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 7 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 8 potentiate potentiate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 10 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 12 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 13 vasoconstrictors vasoconstrictor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 15 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 16 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 17 norepinephrine norepinephrine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 19 serotonin serotonin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 21 95 95 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 115 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 2 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 4 endogenous endogenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 5 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 8 regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 10 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 12 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 13 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 14 unclear unclear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 15 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 16 present present JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 18 96 96 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 116 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 3 alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 5 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 6 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 7 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 8 implicated implicate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 11 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 13 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 14 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 16 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 17 states state NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 19 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 21 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 22 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 25 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 26 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 27 implicated implicate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 28 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 29 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 30 so so RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 31 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 32 called call VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 33 rebound rebound NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 34 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 35 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 36 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 37 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 39 24 24 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 40 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 41 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 42 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 43 54 54 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 44 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 45 60 60 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 46 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 47 97 97 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 117 49 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 1 Endothelial endothelial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 3 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 4 hyperpolarizing hyperpolarizing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 5 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 7 EDHF EDHF NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 10 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 11 diffusible diffusible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 12 substance substance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 13 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 14 causes cause VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 16 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 17 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 18 hyperpolarizing hyperpolarize VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 20 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 21 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 22 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 24 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 25 another another DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 26 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 27 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 28 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 118 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 1 Endothelial endothelial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 3 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 4 hyperpolarizing hyperpolarizing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 5 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 6 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 7 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 8 yet yet RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 9 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 10 identifi identifi VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 11 ed ed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 13 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 14 current current JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 15 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 16 suggests suggest VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 17 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 19 action action NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 20 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 21 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 22 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 23 K k NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 24 + + CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 25 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 27 97 97 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 119 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 1 Activation activation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 3 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 4 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 7 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 8 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 9 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 10 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 12 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 13 membrane membrane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 14 hyperpolarization hyperpolarization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 16 closure closure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 18 voltage voltage NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 19 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 20 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 21 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 22 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 25 ultimately ultimately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 26 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 120 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 1 Potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 2 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 3 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 4 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 5 present present JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 7 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 8 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 121 9 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 1 Activation activation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 2 within within IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 4 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 5 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 7 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 9 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 10 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 11 ux ux NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 13 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 14 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 15 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 18 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 20 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 22 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 25 EDHF EDHF NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 122 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 1 Potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 2 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 3 subtypes subtype NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 4 include include VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 5 ATP ATP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 8 K K NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 9 + + CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 10 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 123 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 124 1 Ca ca RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 124 2 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 125 1 + + CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 1 -dependent -dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 2 K K NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 3 + + CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 4 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 6 voltage voltage NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 7 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 8 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 9 K k NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 10 + + CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 11 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 14 inward inward JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 15 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 126 16 rectifi rectifi JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 1 er er UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 2 K K NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 3 + + CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 4 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 6 97 97 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 127 8 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 2 breakdown breakdown NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 4 phospholipids phospholipid NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 5 within within IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 7 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 8 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 9 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 12 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 15 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 16 byproducts byproduct NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 18 arachidonic arachidonic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 19 acid acid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 21 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 22 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 24 PGI PGI NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 25 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 27 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 28 thromboxane thromboxane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 30 TXA TXA NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 31 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 128 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 1 Prostacyclin Prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 2 activates activate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 3 adenylate adenylate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 4 cyclase cyclase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 6 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 8 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 9 cAMP camp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 10 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 12 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 13 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 15 whereas whereas IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 16 TXA TXA NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 17 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 18 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 20 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 21 via via IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 22 phospholipase phospholipase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 23 C C NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 24 signaling signaling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 129 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 1 Other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 2 prostaglandins prostaglandin NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 4 leukotrienes leukotriene NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 5 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 6 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 7 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 8 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 9 properties property NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 130 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 1 Increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 2 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 3 suggests suggest VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 4 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 5 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 6 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 9 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 10 alteration alteration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 13 balance balance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 15 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 17 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 18 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 19 substances substance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 20 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 21 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 131 22 signifi signifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 1 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 2 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 3 role role VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 6 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 11 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 13 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 15 22 22 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 17 98 98 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 19 99 99 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 132 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 1 Support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 2 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 3 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 6 strengthened strengthen VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 7 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 8 observations observation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 9 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 10 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 11 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 12 precedes precede VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 17 associated associated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 19 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 21 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 22 animal animal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 23 models model NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 26 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 28 61 61 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 30 100 100 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 133 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 2 humans human NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 4 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 5 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 7 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 8 histologic histologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 9 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 12 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 14 impairment impairment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 16 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 18 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 20 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 23 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 24 plasma plasma NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 25 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 26 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 27 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 28 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 29 described describe VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 30 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 31 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 32 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 33 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 34 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 35 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 37 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 38 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 39 before before IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 40 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 41 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 42 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 134 43 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 1 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 2 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 3 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 4 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 6 22 22 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 8 98 98 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 10 101 101 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 135 12 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 4 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 5 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 6 PPHN PPHN NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 8 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 10 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 13 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 14 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 15 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 17 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 18 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 20 impairment impairment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 22 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 23 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 24 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 26 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 28 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 29 plasma plasma NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 30 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 31 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 33 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 34 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 35 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 36 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 38 23 23 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 39 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 40 24 24 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 42 62 62 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 43 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 44 99 99 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 136 46 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 4 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 7 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 8 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 10 unclear unclear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 11 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 12 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 13 likely likely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 14 multifactorial multifactorial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 17 part part NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 18 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 19 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 21 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 137 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 5 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 7 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 8 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 9 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 11 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 13 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 14 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 15 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 18 initiating initiate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 19 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 20 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 21 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 22 likely likely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 23 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 24 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 25 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 26 shear shear NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 27 stress stress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 138 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 3 once once RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 5 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 6 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 7 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 8 elevated elevate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 10 shear shear NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 11 stress stress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 12 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 13 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 14 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 15 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 16 appears appear VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 17 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 18 promote promote VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 20 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 23 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 25 independent independent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 26 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 28 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 29 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 139 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 1 Finally finally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 5 disposition disposition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 6 appears appear VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 7 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 8 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 9 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 11 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 12 subtypes subtype NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 16 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 18 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 19 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 20 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 22 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 23 research research NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 140 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 4 up up IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 5 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 6 60 60 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 7 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 9 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 11 familial familial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 12 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 15 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 16 mutations mutation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 17 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 20 loss loss NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 22 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 24 bone bone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 25 morphogenetic morphogenetic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 26 protein protein NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 27 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 28 II II NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 30 102 102 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 33 103 103 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 36 104 104 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 39 105 105 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 141 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 1 Following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 2 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 3 initial initial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 4 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 5 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 7 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 8 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 9 proliferation proliferation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 11 progressive progressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 12 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 13 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 14 occurs occur VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 142 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 2 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 4 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 5 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 7 best well RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 8 characterized characterize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 10 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 11 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 12 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 14 see see VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 15 later later RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 16 discussion discussion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 143 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 144 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 144 2 106 106 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 144 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 144 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 144 5 107 107 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 144 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 2 108 108 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 5 109 109 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 145 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 3 regardless regardless RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 6 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 8 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 9 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 11 characterized characterize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 13 medial medial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 14 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 16 intimal intimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 17 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 19 angiomatoid angiomatoid NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 20 formation formation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 22 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 23 situ situ FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 24 thrombi thrombi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 27 eventual eventual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 28 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 29 obliteration obliteration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 146 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 1 If if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 3 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 4 stress stress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 5 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 6 untreated untreated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 8 e.g. e.g. RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 10 delayed delay VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 11 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 13 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 14 shunt shunt NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 17 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 18 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 19 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 20 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 21 progress progress VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 22 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 24 point point NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 26 becoming become VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 27 functionally functionally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 28 " " `` cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 29 fi fi FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 30 xed xed FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 31 " " '' cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 32 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 33 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 147 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 1 An an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 2 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 3 goal goal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 5 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 7 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 8 halt halt VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 9 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 10 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 12 reverse reverse VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 14 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 16 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 17 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 18 possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 148 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 1 Regardless regardless RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 4 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 5 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 8 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 9 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 10 approach approach NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 12 similar similar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 14 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 15 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 16 subdivided subdivide VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 17 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 18 four four CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 19 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 20 goals goal NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 21 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 23 1 1 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 25 prevent prevent VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 27 acutely acutely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 28 treat treat VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 29 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 30 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 31 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 34 2 2 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 36 support support VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 37 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 38 failing fail VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 39 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 40 ventricle ventricle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 43 3 3 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 45 treat treat VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 46 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 47 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 48 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 49 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 50 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 52 4 4 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 54 chronically chronically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 55 promote promote VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 56 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 57 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 58 possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 59 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 60 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 61 regression regression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 62 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 63 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 64 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 65 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 149 66 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 3 intensive intensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 4 care care NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 5 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 8 prevention prevention NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 10 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 12 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 14 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 15 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 16 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 17 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 18 focus focus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 19 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 21 care care NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 23 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 24 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 25 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 27 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 28 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 150 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 3 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 4 appreciated appreciate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 5 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 6 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 7 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 8 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 9 augmented augment VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 11 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 13 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 14 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 15 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 16 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 17 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 18 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 20 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 23 catecholamine catecholamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 24 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 25 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 26 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 27 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 28 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 29 stimulation stimulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 30 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 31 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 32 pain pain NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 33 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 34 agitation agitation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 37 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 38 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 39 intrathoracic intrathoracic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 40 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 42 110 110 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 45 111 111 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 48 112 112 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 151 50 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 4 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 5 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 9 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 10 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 11 lead lead VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 12 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 13 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 14 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 15 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 16 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 17 compromise compromise NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 19 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 21 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 22 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 23 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 24 crisis crisis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 152 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 2 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 4 such such PDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 5 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 6 crisis crisis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 8 outlined outline VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 10 Figure figure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 11 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 12 .3 .3 NFP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 153 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 1 Following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 2 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 3 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 4 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 7 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 8 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 10 there there EX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 12 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 13 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 14 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 16 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 17 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 18 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 20 producing produce VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 21 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 22 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 23 ischemia ischemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 26 ultimately ultimately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 28 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 30 113 113 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 31 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 32 114 114 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 154 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 2 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 3 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 5 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 6 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 7 end end NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 8 diastolic diastolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 9 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 10 shifts shift VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 12 intraventricular intraventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 13 septum septum NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 14 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 16 left left NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 18 decreasing decrease VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 19 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 20 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 21 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 23 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 24 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 155 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 1 Decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 2 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 3 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 4 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 7 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 8 perfusion perfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 10 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 11 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 156 12 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 1 Increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 3 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 4 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 5 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 6 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 7 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 8 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 9 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 10 decrease decrease VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 12 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 13 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 14 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 16 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 17 dead dead JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 18 space space NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 19 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 157 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 1 Distention Distention NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 5 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 7 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 8 edema edema NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 9 produce produce VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 10 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 12 small small JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 13 airways airway NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 14 obstruction obstruction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 16 respectively respectively RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 18 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 19 impairs impair VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 20 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 21 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 22 perfusion perfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 23 matching matching NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 25 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 26 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 27 compliance compliance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 158 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 5 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 7 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 8 compliance compliance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 9 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 10 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 11 so so RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 12 dramatic dramatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 13 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 14 chest chest NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 15 wall wall NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 16 movement movement NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 17 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 18 impaired impair VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 20 even even RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 21 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 22 manual manual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 23 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 159 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 2 ensuing ensue VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 3 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 5 hypercapnia hypercapnia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 8 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 10 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 11 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 14 further further JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 15 increase increase VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 17 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 18 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 20 perpetuate perpetuate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 21 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 22 cascade cascade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 160 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 1 Prevention prevention NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 4 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 5 crises crisis NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 6 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 7 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 8 accomplished accomplish VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 9 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 10 avoiding avoid VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 11 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 12 known know VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 13 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 14 increase increase VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 17 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 19 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 20 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 22 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 24 agitation agitation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 27 overdistention overdistention NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 30 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 32 112 112 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 161 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 1 Various various JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 2 regimens regimen NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 3 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 4 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 5 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 6 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 7 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 8 purpose purpose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 10 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 12 judicious judicious JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 13 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 15 supplemental supplemental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 16 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 18 analgesics analgesic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 20 sedatives sedative NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 23 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 24 relaxants relaxant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 26 especially especially RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 27 before before IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 28 noxious noxious JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 29 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 31 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 32 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 33 suctioning suctioning NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 35 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 36 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 37 maintenance maintenance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 38 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 39 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 40 alkalotic alkalotic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 41 pH ph NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 42 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 43 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 44 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 45 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 46 controlled control VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 47 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 48 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 49 buffer buffer NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 50 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 51 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 52 evacuation evacuation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 53 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 54 pneumothoraces pneumothorace NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 55 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 56 pleural pleural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 57 effusions effusion NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 58 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 59 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 60 utilization utilization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 61 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 62 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 63 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 64 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 65 ventilator ventilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 66 strategies strategy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 67 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 68 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 69 minimization minimization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 70 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 71 positive positive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 72 end end NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 73 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 74 expiratory expiratory NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 75 pressures pressure NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 76 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 77 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 78 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 79 maintenance maintenance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 80 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 81 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 82 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 83 below below IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 84 55 55 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 85 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 86 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 87 85 85 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 88 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 89 115 115 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 90 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 162 91 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 4 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 6 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 8 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 11 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 12 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 13 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 14 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 16 incidence incidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 19 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 20 crises crisis NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 22 116 116 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 25 117 117 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 28 118 118 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 31 119 119 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 34 120 120 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 37 121 121 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 40 122 122 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 43 123 123 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 46 124 124 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 49 125 125 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 51 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 52 126 126 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 55 127 127 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 58 128 128 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 59 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 163 60 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 1 Treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 3 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 5 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 7 accomplished accomplish VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 10 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 13 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 14 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 164 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 2 mainstay mainstay NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 4 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 6 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 7 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 8 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 9 supplemental supplemental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 10 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 12 moderate moderate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 13 alkalosis alkalosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 15 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 16 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 17 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 18 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 19 minimal minimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 20 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 21 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 23 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 24 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 165 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 4 dose dose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 5 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 6 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 7 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 11 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 12 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 13 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 14 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 15 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 16 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 17 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 18 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 19 established establish VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 166 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 1 Studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 2 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 3 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 4 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 6 dosedependent dosedependent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 8 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 10 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 12 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 13 pH pH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 14 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 15 7.30 7.30 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 16 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 17 7.60 7.60 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 20 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 21 dose dose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 22 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 23 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 24 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 25 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 26 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 27 inspired inspire VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 28 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 29 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 30 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 31 0.21 0.21 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 32 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 33 0.5 0.5 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 35 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 36 minimal minimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 37 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 38 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 39 higher high JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 40 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 42 129 129 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 167 44 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 1 Several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 2 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 3 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 4 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 5 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 6 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 7 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 8 promote promote VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 10 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 12 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 13 tolazoline tolazoline NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 15 sodium sodium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 16 nitroprusside nitroprusside RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 18 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 20 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 22 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 23 E e NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 24 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 26 nifedipine nifedipine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 28 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 29 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 30 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 31 adrenergic adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 32 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 34 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 35 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 36 phenoxybenzamine phenoxybenzamine NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 38 130 130 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 168 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 2 131 131 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 5 132 132 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 8 133 133 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 11 134 134 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 14 135 135 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 17 136 136 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 20 137 137 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 169 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 2 effi effi JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 3 cacies cacie NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 5 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 6 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 7 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 8 variable variable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 10 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 11 least least JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 13 part part NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 14 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 17 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 18 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 20 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 21 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 170 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 1 Systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 2 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 3 reduction reduction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 4 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 5 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 6 advantageous advantageous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 9 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 11 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 12 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 13 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 14 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 15 however however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 17 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 18 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 19 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 20 reductions reduction NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 22 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 23 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 24 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 25 without without IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 26 unacceptable unacceptable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 27 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 28 hypotension hypotension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 29 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 30 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 31 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 32 possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 34 138 138 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 171 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 2 139 139 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 5 140 140 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 172 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 4 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 5 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 6 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 7 override override VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 8 intrinsic intrinsic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 9 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 11 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 13 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 15 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 16 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 18 dead dead JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 19 space space NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 20 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 22 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 23 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 24 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 25 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 26 tolerated tolerate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 28 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 29 critically critically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 30 ill ill JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 31 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 33 141 141 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 36 142 142 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 39 143 143 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 42 144 144 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 45 145 145 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 173 47 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 1 More More JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 2 recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 3 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 4 modalities modality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 6 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 7 notably notably RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 8 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 9 NO no UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 11 deliver deliver VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 12 short short RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 13 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 14 acting act VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 15 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 16 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 19 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 20 via via IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 21 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 22 inhalational inhalational JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 23 route route NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 25 116 116 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 28 117 117 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 31 118 118 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 34 119 119 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 37 120 120 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 40 121 121 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 43 122 122 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 46 123 123 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 49 124 124 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 51 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 52 125 125 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 55 126 126 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 58 127 127 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 59 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 60 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 61 128 128 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 62 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 174 63 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 1 When when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 2 administered administer VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 3 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 5 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 8 natural natural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 9 gaseous gaseous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 10 form form NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 12 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 13 diffuses diffuse VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 14 through through IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 16 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 17 wall wall NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 18 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 19 reach reach VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 20 small small JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 22 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 175 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 2 then then RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 3 enters enter VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 4 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 5 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 6 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 7 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 9 initiating initiate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 10 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 11 cascade cascade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 12 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 13 results result VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 16 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 17 via via IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 18 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 20 cGMP cGMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 176 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 1 After after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 2 entering enter VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 4 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 5 vessel vessel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 6 lumen lumen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 8 NO no UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 10 rapidly rapidly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 11 inactivated inactivate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 13 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 15 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 16 confi confi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 17 nes nes NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 19 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 20 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 22 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 23 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 177 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 1 Because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 3 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 4 properties property NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 6 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 7 NO no RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 8 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 9 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 10 advantages advantage NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 11 over over IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 12 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 13 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 15 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 17 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 19 selective selective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 21 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 22 caused cause VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 23 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 24 rapid rapid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 25 inactivation inactivation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 26 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 27 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 30 2 2 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 32 rapid rapid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 33 onset onset NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 35 elimination elimination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 37 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 39 3 3 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 41 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 42 improvement improvement NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 43 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 44 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 45 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 46 perfusion perfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 47 matching matching NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 48 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 49 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 50 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 51 limitation limitation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 52 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 53 delivery delivery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 54 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 55 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 56 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 57 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 58 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 59 regions region NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 178 60 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 3 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 4 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 5 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 6 become become VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 7 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 8 mainstay mainstay NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 10 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 11 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 12 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 14 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 15 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 18 assessment assessment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 22 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 179 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 3 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 4 similar similar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 6 selectivity selectivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 9 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 10 rapid rapid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 11 inactivation inactivation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 13 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 180 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 2 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 3 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 4 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 5 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 6 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 7 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 8 cAMP camp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 9 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 181 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 1 Currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 3 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 4 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 6 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 8 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 9 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 10 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 11 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 14 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 15 sparse sparse JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 18 comparison comparison NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 19 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 20 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 21 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 22 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 24 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 25 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 26 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 27 lacking lack VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 29 146 146 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 32 147 147 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 35 148 148 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 38 149 149 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 182 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 2 150 150 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 5 151 151 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 8 152 152 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 11 153 153 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 14 154 154 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 17 155 155 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 20 156 156 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 183 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 1 Inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 3 phosphodiesterases phosphodiesterase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 5 PDEs PDEs NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 8 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 9 family family NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 11 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 12 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 13 hydrolyze hydrolyze VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 15 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 16 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 17 cAMP camp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 19 cGMP cGMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 21 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 23 relatively relatively RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 24 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 25 class class NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 26 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 27 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 28 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 29 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 30 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 31 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 33 inotropic inotropic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 34 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 36 157 157 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 184 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 1 Milrinone Milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 4 PDE PDE NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 5 3 3 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 6 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 7 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 8 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 9 cAMP camp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 10 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 185 11 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 1 Animal animal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 2 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 3 human human JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 4 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 7 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 9 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 10 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 11 milrinone milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 12 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 13 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 14 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 16 excess excess NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 19 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 20 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 21 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 24 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 25 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 26 constricted constrict VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 28 158 158 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 31 159 159 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 34 160 160 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 37 161 161 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 186 39 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 5 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 7 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 8 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 9 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 10 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 12 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 13 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 15 incidence incidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 17 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 18 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 19 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 20 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 21 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 22 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 23 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 24 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 25 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 26 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 28 162 162 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 187 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 1 Given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 2 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 3 properties property NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 5 milrinone milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 7 increasingly increasingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 8 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 11 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 12 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 14 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 16 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 17 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 18 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 21 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 188 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 1 Sildenafi Sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 2 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 5 PDE5 PDE5 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 6 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 8 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 9 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 10 cGMP cGMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 11 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 13 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 14 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 15 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 17 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 18 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 20 163 163 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 189 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 2 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 3 formulation formulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 5 currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 6 being be VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 7 investigated investigate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 8 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 9 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 11 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 12 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 15 recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 16 short short JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 18 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 19 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 20 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 21 benefi benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 22 cial cial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 23 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 25 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 26 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 27 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 29 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 30 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 32 164 164 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 190 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 2 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 3 formulation formulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 5 currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 6 being be VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 7 investigated investigate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 8 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 9 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 10 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 12 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 13 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 15 PPHN PPHN NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 17 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 19 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 22 165 165 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 24 166 166 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 191 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 1 Increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 2 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 3 implicate implicate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 4 alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 6 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 9 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 14 see see VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 15 earlier early RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 18 suggest suggest VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 19 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 20 ET et NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 21 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 22 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 23 antagonism antagonism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 24 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 25 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 26 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 27 useful useful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 28 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 29 strategy strategy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 31 24 24 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 33 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 35 54 54 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 37 60 60 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 39 97 97 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 192 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 4 bosentan bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 6 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 7 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 8 combined combine VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 9 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 10 A A NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 12 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 13 B B NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 14 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 15 antagonist antagonist NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 17 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 18 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 19 effi effi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 20 cacy cacy NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 21 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 23 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 24 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 25 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 26 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 28 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 29 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 31 167 167 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 33 168 168 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 193 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 1 To to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 2 date date NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 4 there there EX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 5 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 6 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 7 no no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 8 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 9 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 10 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 12 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 14 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 15 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 16 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 17 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 18 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 20 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 21 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 194 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 5 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 7 selective selective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 8 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 9 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 10 antagonism antagonism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 12 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 13 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 14 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 15 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 16 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 17 yet yet RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 18 reached reach VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 19 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 20 trials trial NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 195 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 2 signifi signifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 3 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 4 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 5 component component NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 8 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 10 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 11 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 13 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 16 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 18 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 20 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 21 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 22 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 24 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 25 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 26 requires require VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 27 pharmacologic pharmacologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 28 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 196 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 1 Maintenance maintenance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 3 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 4 preload preload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 6 necessary necessary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 7 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 8 optimize optimize VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 9 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 10 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 12 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 197 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 1 Continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 2 central central JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 3 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 4 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 5 monitoring monitoring NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 6 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 7 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 8 helpful helpful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 9 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 10 guide guide VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 11 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 12 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 14 keeping keep VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 16 mind mind NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 17 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 18 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 20 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 21 poorly poorly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 22 compliant compliant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 23 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 24 ventricle ventricle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 25 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 26 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 27 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 28 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 29 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 30 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 31 require require VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 32 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 33 central central JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 34 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 35 pressures pressure NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 36 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 37 maintain maintain VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 38 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 39 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 40 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 41 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 198 42 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 1 Frequent frequent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 3 assessment assessment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 5 liver liver NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 6 size size NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 7 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 8 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 9 helpful helpful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 11 particularly particularly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 13 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 199 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 1 Despite despite IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 2 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 3 preload preload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 5 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 6 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 7 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 8 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 9 compromised compromise VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 10 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 12 elevated elevate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 13 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 14 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 15 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 16 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 17 biventricular biventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 18 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 19 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 20 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 21 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 22 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 24 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 25 bypass bypass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 27 necessitating necessitate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 29 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 30 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 31 inotropic inotropic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 32 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 34 111 111 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 36 169 169 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 200 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 2 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 3 increase increase VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 4 stroke stroke NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 5 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 6 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 7 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 8 given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 9 preload preload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 11 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 13 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 14 ß ß NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 15 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 16 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 17 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 19 170 170 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 21 171 171 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 201 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 3 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 5 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 6 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 7 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 8 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 9 ß ß NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 10 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 11 -or -or : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 12 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 13 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 14 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 15 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 17 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 18 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 19 found find VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 20 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 22 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 23 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 24 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 26 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 30 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 31 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 202 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 1 Agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 2 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 3 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 4 ß ß NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 5 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 6 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 7 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 8 decrease decrease VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 9 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 12 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 14 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 16 improve improve VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 17 right right RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 19 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 20 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 21 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 23 172 172 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 25 173 173 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 203 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 1 Agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 2 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 3 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 4 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 5 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 6 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 7 receptors receptor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 8 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 9 increase increase VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 10 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 11 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 14 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 15 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 204 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 4 rational rational JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 5 approach approach NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 6 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 7 using use VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 8 inotropic inotropic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 9 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 12 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 16 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 17 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 18 utilize utilize VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 19 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 20 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 21 ß ß CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 22 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 23 -receptor -receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 24 selectivity selectivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 26 minimal minimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 27 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 28 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 29 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 30 stimulation stimulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 32 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 34 dobutamine dobutamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 205 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 1 Although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 2 animal animal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 3 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 4 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 5 shown show VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 6 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 7 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 8 doses dose NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 10 dopamine dopamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 11 increase increase VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 14 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 16 human human JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 17 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 18 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 19 shown show VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 20 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 21 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 22 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 23 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 24 minimal minimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 25 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 26 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 28 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 29 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 31 130 130 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 33 174 174 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 206 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 1 Milrinone Milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 3 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 5 useful useful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 6 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 7 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 8 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 11 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 13 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 14 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 16 given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 17 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 18 vasodilatory vasodilatory NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 20 inotropic inotropic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 21 properties property NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 23 162 162 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 207 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 3 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 6 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 7 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 8 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 9 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 10 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 11 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 13 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 14 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 15 communication communication NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 16 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 17 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 18 benefi benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 19 cial cial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 21 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 23 allows allow VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 24 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 25 failing fail VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 26 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 27 ventricle ventricle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 28 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 29 decompress decompress VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 30 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 31 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 32 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 33 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 34 rises rise VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 36 175 175 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 208 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 1 Accordingly accordingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 3 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 4 septal septal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 5 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 6 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 7 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 8 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 9 unclosed unclosed JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 11 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 13 patent patent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 14 foramen foramen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 15 ovale ovale NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 17 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 18 created create VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 19 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 21 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 23 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 209 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 2 existence existence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 4 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 5 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 6 level level NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 7 communication communication NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 8 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 10 risk risk NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 12 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 13 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 14 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 16 maintains maintain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 17 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 18 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 19 sided sided JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 20 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 21 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 210 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 2 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 3 right right NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 4 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 7 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 8 shunt shunt NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 10 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 11 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 12 tolerated tolerate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 14 particularly particularly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 15 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 16 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 17 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 18 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 19 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 20 maintained maintain VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 211 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 1 As as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 2 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 3 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 4 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 5 improves improve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 7 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 8 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 9 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 10 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 11 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 12 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 13 decreases decrease NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 15 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 16 improves improve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 212 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 1 Atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 2 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 3 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 5 part part NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 7 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 8 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 9 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 11 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 15 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 17 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 19 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 20 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 21 advocated advocate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 22 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 23 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 24 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 25 considered consider VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 26 carefully carefully RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 27 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 28 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 29 individual individual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 30 basis basis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 32 176 176 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 35 177 177 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 38 178 178 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 41 179 179 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 44 180 180 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 213 46 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 2 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 3 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 4 refractory refractory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 6 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 8 short short JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 9 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 10 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 11 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 12 extracorporeal extracorporeal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 13 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 14 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 15 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 16 useful useful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 17 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 19 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 20 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 22 extreme extreme JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 23 vasoreactivity vasoreactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 214 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 4 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 5 should should MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 6 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 7 limited limit VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 8 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 9 support support VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 10 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 11 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 13 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 15 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 17 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 18 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 19 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 20 deemed deem VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 21 reversible reversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 215 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 1 Whenever whenever WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 2 possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 4 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 7 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 8 disorder disorder NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 9 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 10 coincide coincide VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 11 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 12 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 13 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 14 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 16 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 17 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 18 attenuation attenuation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 19 and/ and/ CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 20 reversal reversal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 23 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 24 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 25 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 26 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 27 successful successful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 216 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 5 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 7 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 8 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 9 involve involve VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 10 correction correction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 12 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 13 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 14 disturbances disturbance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 16 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 17 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 18 infectious infectious JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 19 etiologies etiology NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 22 exchange exchange NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 23 transfusions transfusion NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 24 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 25 polycythemia polycythemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 217 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 2 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 3 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 4 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 5 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 6 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 8 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 11 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 12 defect defect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 14 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 15 determining determine VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 16 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 20 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 21 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 22 reversible reversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 24 see see VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 25 later later RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 28 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 29 mandatory mandatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 218 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 2 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 3 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 4 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 5 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 7 tonsillectomy tonsillectomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 9 adenoidectomy adenoidectomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 10 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 11 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 12 required require VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 13 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 14 sleep sleep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 15 apnea apnea NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 18 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 19 descent descent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 20 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 21 sea sea NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 22 level level NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 23 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 24 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 25 needed need VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 26 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 27 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 28 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 29 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 30 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 31 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 32 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 219 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 1 Finally finally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 3 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 4 rheumatologic rheumatologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 5 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 7 immunosuppression immunosuppression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 8 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 9 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 10 required require VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 220 11 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 2 mainstay mainstay NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 5 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 6 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 7 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 8 aimed aim VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 9 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 10 decreasing decrease VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 13 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 15 thereby thereby RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 16 assisting assist VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 17 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 18 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 19 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 21 perhaps perhaps RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 22 attenuating attenuate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 24 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 27 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 28 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 29 decreasing decrease VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 30 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 31 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 32 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 33 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 34 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 35 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 36 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 37 exposed expose VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 221 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 2 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 3 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 5 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 7 epoprostin epoprostin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 9 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 10 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 12 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 13 successful successful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 14 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 15 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 16 date date NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 18 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 19 regard regard NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 21 181 181 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 24 182 182 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 27 183 183 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 30 184 184 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 33 185 185 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 222 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 4 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 5 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 7 humans human NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 9 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 12 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 13 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 14 improved improve VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 15 5-year 5-year CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 16 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 18 improved improved JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 19 exercise exercise NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 20 tolerance tolerance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 223 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 3 even even RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 4 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 5 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 6 without without IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 7 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 8 initial initial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 9 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 10 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 13 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 14 show show NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 15 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 16 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 17 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 18 longterm longterm JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 19 benefi benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 20 t t NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 22 suggesting suggest VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 23 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 24 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 25 beyond beyond IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 26 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 28 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 29 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 30 antiplatelet antiplatelet JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 31 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 33 cAMP camp NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 34 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 35 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 36 inhibition inhibition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 37 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 38 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 39 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 40 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 41 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 42 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 43 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 44 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 45 unknown unknown JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 46 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 47 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 48 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 49 responsible responsible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 50 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 51 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 52 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 53 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 55 186 186 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 224 57 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 1 Despite despite IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 3 impressive impressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 4 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 6 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 7 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 8 limit limit VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 10 utilization utilization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 12 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 14 need need NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 15 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 16 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 17 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 18 assess assess NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 21 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 22 infectious infectious JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 24 thrombotic thrombotic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 25 risks risk NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 27 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 28 many many JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 29 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 30 untoward untoward JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 31 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 33 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 34 headache headache NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 36 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 37 ushing ushing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 39 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 40 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 41 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 42 compromise compromise NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 43 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 44 disruption disruption NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 45 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 46 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 47 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 49 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 225 51 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 1 With with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 3 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 4 appreciation appreciation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 5 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 7 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 9 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 12 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 16 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 18 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 19 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 20 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 21 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 22 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 23 developed develop VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 24 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 25 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 26 potential potential JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 27 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 28 modality modality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 226 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 1 To to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 2 date date NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 4 bosentan bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 7 combined combine VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 8 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 9 A a NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 11 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 12 B B NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 13 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 14 antagonist antagonist NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 16 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 18 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 19 widely widely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 20 studied study VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 21 agent agent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 23 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 24 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 25 only only JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 26 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 27 antagonist antagonist NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 28 approved approve VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 29 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 30 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 31 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 34 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 36 167 167 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 37 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 38 168 168 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 227 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 1 Recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 2 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 4 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 5 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 6 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 9 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 10 similar similar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 11 improvements improvement NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 13 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 15 exercise exercise VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 16 tolerance tolerance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 17 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 18 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 19 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 20 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 21 epoprostenol epoprostenol NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 23 188 188 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 228 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 2 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 4 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 5 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 6 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 7 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 8 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 10 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 11 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 12 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 13 currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 14 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 15 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 229 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 1 Defi Defi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 2 ciencies ciencie NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 5 NO no JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 7 cGMP cgmp JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 8 cascade cascade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 12 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 14 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 15 documented document VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 230 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 5 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 6 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 8 antiplatelet antiplatelet JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 9 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 12 antiproliferative antiproliferative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 13 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 15 augmenting augment VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 16 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 17 cascade cascade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 18 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 19 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 20 appreciated appreciate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 231 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 3 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 4 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 5 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 6 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 7 augment augment VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 8 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 9 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 10 cGMP cgmp JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 11 signaling signaling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 13 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 14 include include VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 15 chronic chronic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 16 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 17 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 18 delivered deliver VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 19 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 20 nasal nasal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 21 cannula cannula NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 23 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 24 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 26 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 27 currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 28 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 29 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 31 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 232 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 5 short short JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 7 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 8 benefi benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 9 t t NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 11 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 12 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 14 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 16 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 18 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 19 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 20 recently recently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 21 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 22 reported report VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 24 164 164 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 233 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 1 Data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 2 indicate indicate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 3 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 4 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 6 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 7 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 8 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 9 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 11 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 12 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 13 bosentan bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 15 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 16 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 18 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 19 offer offer VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 20 additional additional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 21 benefi benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 22 t t NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 23 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 24 virtue virtue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 27 ability ability NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 28 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 29 inhibit inhibit VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 30 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 31 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 32 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 33 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 35 fi fi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 36 brosis brosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 38 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 234 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 2 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 4 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 5 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 6 strategies strategy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 8 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 9 combination combination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 10 drug drug NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 11 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 14 currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 15 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 16 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 235 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 1 To to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 2 date date NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 4 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 5 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 6 used use VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 7 predominantly predominantly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 9 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 12 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 14 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 16 due due IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 17 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 18 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 19 favorable favorable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 20 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 22 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 23 potential potential JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 24 applications application NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 25 warrant warrant VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 26 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 236 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 2 includes include VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 4 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 6 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 7 hypoplastic hypoplastic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 8 syndromes syndrome NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 11 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 12 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 13 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 14 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 18 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 19 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 20 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 22 order order NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 23 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 24 improve improve VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 25 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 26 operability operability NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 28 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 29 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 30 modest modest JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 31 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 32 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 34 189 189 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 237 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 2 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 3 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 5 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 6 conditions condition NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 10 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 11 does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 12 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 13 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 14 normally normally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 15 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 16 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 238 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 1 As as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 2 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 3 result result NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 6 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 7 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 8 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 9 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 10 reduced reduced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 13 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 14 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 15 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 16 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 239 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 2 pathophysiologic pathophysiologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 3 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 4 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 5 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 7 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 8 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 11 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 12 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 13 reduction reduction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 15 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 16 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 17 delivery delivery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 240 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 2 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 4 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 5 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 6 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 8 extrapulmonary extrapulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 9 rightto rightto NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 10 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 11 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 12 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 14 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 15 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 17 atrial atrial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 18 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 19 ductal ductal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 20 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 21 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 22 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 23 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 24 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 25 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 26 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 27 intrapulmonary intrapulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 28 right right NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 29 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 30 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 31 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 32 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 33 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 34 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 35 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 36 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 37 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 38 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 39 parenchymal parenchymal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 40 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 41 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 241 42 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 2 pathophysiologic pathophysiologic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 4 preventing prevent VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 6 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 8 vasodilatation vasodilatation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 9 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 10 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 11 remain remain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 12 unclear unclear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 14 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 15 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 16 likely likely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 17 multifactorial multifactorial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 19 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 242 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 1 Within within IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 2 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 3 defi defi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 4 nition nition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 6 PPHN PPHN NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 8 three three CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 9 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 10 subgroups subgroup NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 11 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 12 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 13 characterized characterize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 14 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 15 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 16 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 17 underdevelopment underdevelopment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 20 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 22 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 23 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 24 maladaptation maladaptation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 27 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 30 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 31 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 32 maldevelopment maldevelopment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 33 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 34 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 35 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 37 58 58 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 243 39 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 2 subgroups subgroup NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 3 represent represent VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 5 spectrum spectrum NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 7 etiologies etiology NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 9 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 244 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 4 underdevelopment underdevelopment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 7 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 8 represents represent VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 9 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 12 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 14 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 15 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 16 usually usually RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 17 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 18 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 19 varying vary VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 20 degrees degree NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 22 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 23 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 245 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 1 Within within IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 2 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 3 subgroup subgroup NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 5 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 7 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 8 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 9 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 10 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 11 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 12 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 13 thoroughly thoroughly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 14 investigated investigate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 246 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 1 Although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 3 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 4 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 5 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 6 greatest great JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 7 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 9 side side NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 12 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 14 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 17 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 19 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 20 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 21 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 22 smaller small JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 24 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 25 fewer few JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 26 alveoli alveolus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 27 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 28 do do VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 29 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 30 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 31 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 32 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 33 control control NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 34 population population NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 36 190 190 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 39 191 191 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 42 192 192 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 247 44 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 2 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 3 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 4 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 5 fewer few JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 7 per per IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 8 unit unit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 10 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 12 192 192 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 248 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 1 Thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 4 total total JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 5 cross cross JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 6 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 7 sectional sectional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 8 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 12 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 13 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 14 markedly markedly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 15 decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 249 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 4 existing exist VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 6 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 7 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 8 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 9 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 10 mass mass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 11 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 12 medial medial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 13 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 15 normally normally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 16 muscularized muscularize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 17 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 19 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 20 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 21 extension extension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 23 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 24 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 25 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 26 intra intra JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 27 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 28 acinar acinar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 29 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 250 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 2 increased increased JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 3 muscularization muscularization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 4 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 5 explain explain VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 7 labile labile JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 9 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 10 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 12 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 13 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 14 extrapulmonary extrapulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 15 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 17 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 18 seen see VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 20 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 21 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 23 193 193 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 25 194 194 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 251 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 2 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 3 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 4 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 5 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 6 long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 7 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 8 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 9 outcome outcome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 11 dictated dictate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 14 degree degree NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 16 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 19 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 20 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 252 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 1 Following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 2 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 3 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 5 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 6 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 7 include include VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 8 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 9 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 11 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 12 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 14 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 15 NO no NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 18 extracorporeal extracorporeal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 19 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 21 subacute subacute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 23 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 26 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 27 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 28 increasingly increasingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 29 recognized recognize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 30 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 31 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 32 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 33 outcome outcome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 34 variable variable NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 35 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 36 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 37 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 253 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 1 Because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 2 ultimately ultimately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 3 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 4 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 6 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 7 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 8 necessary necessary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 9 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 10 reverse reverse VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 12 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 13 process process NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 15 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 16 long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 18 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 19 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 20 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 21 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 22 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 23 inhibit inhibit VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 24 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 25 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 27 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 29 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 30 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 31 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 33 PDE PDE NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 34 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 36 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 37 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 38 emerging emerge VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 39 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 40 approach approach NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 41 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 42 support support VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 43 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 44 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 45 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 46 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 47 grow grow VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 254 48 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 1 Maladaptation maladaptation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 4 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 5 represents represent VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 7 stress stress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 8 event event NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 9 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 11 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 13 delivery delivery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 14 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 15 does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 16 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 17 allow allow VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 19 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 20 dilating dilate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 21 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 23 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 24 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 25 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 27 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 28 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 29 pH ph NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 30 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 31 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 32 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 34 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 35 occur occur VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 255 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 2 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 3 occur occur VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 6 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 8 apnea apnea NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 10 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 12 sepsis sepsis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 15 aspiration aspiration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 17 meconium meconium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 18 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 19 amniotic amniotic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 20 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 21 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 23 195 195 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 26 196 196 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 29 197 197 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 256 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 2 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 4 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 6 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 7 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 11 thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 13 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 14 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 15 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 16 likely likely JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 17 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 18 respond respond VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 19 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 20 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 21 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 24 correction correction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 26 contributory contributory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 27 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 28 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 257 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 1 Maldevelopment Maldevelopment NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 2 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 4 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 5 represents represent VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 7 group group NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 9 conditions condition NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 11 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 13 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 14 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 15 thickened thicken VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 17 abnormally abnormally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 18 distributed distribute VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 258 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 4 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 5 newborns newborn NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 6 who who WP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 7 die die VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 8 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 9 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 11 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 12 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 13 abnormally abnormally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 14 muscular muscular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 17 beds bed NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 19 even even RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 20 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 21 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 22 die die VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 23 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 24 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 25 fi fi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 26 rst rst NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 27 day day NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 28 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 29 life life NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 259 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 2 particular particular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 4 they -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 5 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 6 thickened thicken VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 7 muscular muscular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 8 coats coat NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 11 normally normally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 12 muscular muscular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 13 preacinar preacinar NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 14 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 17 extension extension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 19 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 20 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 22 normally normally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 23 nonmuscular nonmuscular NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 24 intra intra JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 25 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 26 acinar acinar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 27 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 29 56 56 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 31 57 57 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 260 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 1 Because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 2 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 3 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 4 takes take VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 5 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 6 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 7 develop develop VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 10 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 11 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 12 hypothesized hypothesize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 13 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 14 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 15 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 16 muscularization muscularization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 17 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 18 caused cause VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 19 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 20 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 21 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 22 intrauterine intrauterine JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 23 stress stress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 261 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 2 animal animal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 3 models model NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 5 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 6 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 7 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 8 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 9 mimicked mimic VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 10 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 11 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 12 placental placental NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 13 insuffi insuffi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 14 ciency ciency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 16 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 17 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 19 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 20 constriction constriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 23 ductus ductus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 24 arteriosus arteriosus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 27 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 28 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 29 inhibition inhibition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 31 40 40 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 33 55 55 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 36 198 198 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 39 199 199 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 42 200 200 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 45 201 201 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 48 202 202 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 50 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 51 203 203 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 262 53 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 3 PPHN PPHN NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 4 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 5 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 6 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 7 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 8 maternal maternal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 9 indomethacin indomethacin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 10 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 12 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 13 causes cause VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 14 constriction constriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 17 ductus ductus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 18 arteriosus arteriosus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 20 204 204 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 22 205 205 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 263 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 2 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 3 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 4 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 6 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 7 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 8 maldevelopment maldevelopment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 11 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 12 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 13 variable variable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 15 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 16 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 17 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 18 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 20 extent extent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 22 type type NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 24 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 25 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 27 pathology pathology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 264 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 2 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 3 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 4 approach approach NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 6 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 7 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 10 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 12 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 13 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 14 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 265 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 2 specifi specifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 3 c c NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 4 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 5 modality modality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 6 depends depend VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 7 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 9 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 10 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 266 11 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 1 If if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 3 cause cause NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 5 perinatal perinatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 6 asphyxia asphyxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 8 correcting correct VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 9 alveolar alveolar NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 10 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 12 hypercarbia hypercarbia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 15 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 16 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 17 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 18 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 20 100 100 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 21 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 22 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 25 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 26 administration administration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 28 buffer buffer NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 30 should should MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 31 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 32 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 33 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 34 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 35 toward toward IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 36 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 37 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 267 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 1 If if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 2 parenchymal parenchymal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 3 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 5 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 8 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 9 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 11 meconium meconium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 12 aspiration aspiration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 14 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 15 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 17 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 18 causing cause VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 20 vasospasm vasospasm NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 21 due due IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 22 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 23 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 24 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 26 hypercarbia hypercarbia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 28 then then RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 29 infl infl XX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 30 ation ation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 31 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 32 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 33 alveoli alveolus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 34 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 35 positive positive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 36 end end NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 37 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 38 expiratory expiratory NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 39 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 40 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 41 surfactant surfactant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 42 administration administration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 43 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 44 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 45 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 46 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 47 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 48 reverse reverse VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 49 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 50 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 51 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 53 206 206 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 56 207 207 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 59 208 208 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 268 61 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 2 near near JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 3 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 4 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 5 child child NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 6 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 7 exert exert VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 8 substantial substantial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 9 intrathoracic intrathoracic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 10 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 11 opposing oppose VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 12 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 13 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 14 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 15 thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 17 sedation sedation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 19 occasionally occasionally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 20 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 21 paralysis paralysis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 22 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 23 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 24 necessary necessary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 25 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 26 obtain obtain VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 27 stable stable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 28 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 29 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 31 209 209 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 269 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 1 When when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 2 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 5 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 7 parenchymal parenchymal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 9 infectious infectious JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 11 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 12 infl infl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 13 ammatory ammatory NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 14 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 15 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 16 ineffective ineffective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 18 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 19 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 20 there there EX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 21 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 22 no no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 23 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 24 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 25 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 27 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 28 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 29 directed direct VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 30 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 31 reversing reverse VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 32 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 34 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 270 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 3 generally generally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 4 accomplished accomplish VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 5 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 6 sedation sedation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 8 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 9 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 11 100 100 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 12 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 13 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 16 alkalinization alkalinization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 271 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 1 When when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 2 further further JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 4 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 6 needed need VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 8 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 9 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 11 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 12 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 13 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 14 without without IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 15 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 16 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 17 frequency frequency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 18 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 272 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 4 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 5 multicentered multicentere VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 7 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 8 trials trial NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 9 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 10 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 11 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 12 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 13 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 14 improves improve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 15 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 17 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 19 need need NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 20 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 21 extracorporeal extracorporeal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 22 life life NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 23 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 25 newborns newborn NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 26 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 27 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 29 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 31 117 117 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 33 121 121 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 35 126 126 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 37 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 38 although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 39 no no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 40 differences difference NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 41 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 42 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 43 were be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 44 noted note VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 273 45 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 2 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 4 extracorporeal extracorporeal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 5 membrane membrane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 6 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 7 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 8 substantially substantially RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 9 decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 10 overall overall JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 11 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 12 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 13 most most JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 14 subsets subset NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 16 PPHN PPHN NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 274 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 3 overall overall JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 4 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 5 rates rate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 6 remain remain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 7 substantial substantial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 8 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 9 5%-15 5%-15 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 10 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 12 210 210 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 15 211 211 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 18 212 212 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 21 213 213 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 275 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 2 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 5 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 7 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 10 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 12 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 14 two two CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 15 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 16 types type NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 18 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 19 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 20 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 21 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 23 1 1 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 25 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 26 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 27 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 29 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 30 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 31 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 34 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 35 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 38 2 2 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 40 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 41 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 42 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 43 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 44 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 45 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 47 110 110 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 50 111 111 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 53 112 112 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 55 169 169 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 276 57 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 1 After after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 2 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 4 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 5 communications communication NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 6 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 8 level level NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 11 ventricles ventricle NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 12 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 13 great great JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 14 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 15 result result VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 17 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 19 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 20 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 21 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 24 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 25 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 27 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 28 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 29 progressive progressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 30 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 31 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 32 functional functional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 33 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 34 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 35 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 36 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 37 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 39 59 59 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 40 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 42 106 106 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 45 107 107 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 48 108 108 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 50 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 51 109 109 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 54 110 110 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 56 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 57 214 214 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 58 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 59 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 60 215 215 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 62 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 63 216 216 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 64 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 65 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 66 217 217 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 67 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 277 68 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 3 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 5 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 6 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 7 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 9 progressive progressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 10 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 13 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 15 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 16 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 18 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 19 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 20 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 21 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 25 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 278 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 1 Heath Heath NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 2 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 3 Edwards Edwards NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 4 fi fi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 5 rst rst NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 6 described describe VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 8 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 10 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 13 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 15 1958 1958 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 17 217 217 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 279 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 3 classifi classifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 4 cation cation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 6 changes change VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 7 progress progress VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 8 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 9 medial medial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 10 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 12 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 13 I I NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 15 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 16 intimal intimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 17 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 19 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 20 II II NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 23 lumen lumen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 24 occlusion occlusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 26 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 27 III III NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 30 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 31 dilatation dilatation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 33 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 34 IV IV NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 37 angiomatoid angiomatoid NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 38 formation formation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 40 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 41 V V NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 43 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 44 fi fi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 45 brinoid brinoid FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 46 necrosis necrosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 48 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 49 VI VI NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 280 51 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 4 morphometric morphometric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 5 analysis analysis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 6 shows show VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 7 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 9 disturbed disturbed JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 10 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 11 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 13 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 17 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 18 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 20 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 21 correlates correlate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 24 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 25 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 26 state state NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 30 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 32 108 108 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 34 109 109 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 37 214 214 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 40 215 215 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 43 216 216 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 281 45 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 2 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 3 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 5 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 7 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 9 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 10 extension extension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 13 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 14 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 15 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 16 small small JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 17 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 19 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 21 mild mild JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 22 medial medial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 23 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 25 normally normally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 26 muscular muscular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 27 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 29 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 30 A A NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 34 2 2 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 36 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 37 medial medial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 38 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 39 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 40 normally normally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 41 muscular muscular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 42 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 44 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 45 B B NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 47 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 48 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 50 3 3 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 52 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 53 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 54 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 55 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 57 grade grade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 58 C C NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 282 60 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 1 Uncorrected uncorrected JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 3 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 4 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 5 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 6 result result VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 8 decreased decreased JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 9 cross cross JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 10 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 11 sectional sectional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 12 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 14 obliteration obliteration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 19 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 21 death death NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 22 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 23 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 24 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 25 cyanosis cyanosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 26 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 27 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 28 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 283 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 1 Different different JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 2 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 3 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 4 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 5 vary vary VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 6 considerably considerably RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 9 frequency frequency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 11 severity severity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 284 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 2 risks risk NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 4 frequencies frequency NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 6 developing develop VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 7 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 10 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 12 PVD PVD NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 14 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 15 particular particular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 16 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 17 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 18 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 19 summarized summarize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 21 Table Table NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 22 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 23 .2 .2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 285 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 1 Importantly importantly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 3 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 4 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 5 trisomy trisomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 6 21 21 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 8 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 9 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 10 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 11 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 12 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 13 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 14 accelerated accelerate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 15 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 17 advanced advanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 20 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 22 218 218 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 286 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 2 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 3 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 4 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 6 confounding confounding JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 7 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 8 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 9 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 10 airway airway JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 11 obstruction obstruction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 12 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 13 another another DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 14 unidentifi unidentifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 15 ed ed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 16 predisposition predisposition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 287 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 1 After after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 2 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 3 correction correction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 5 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 7 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 9 grades grade NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 10 I I NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 12 III III NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 14 grades grade NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 15 A A NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 17 B b NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 19 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 20 reversible reversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 21 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 22 however however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 24 more more RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 25 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 26 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 27 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 28 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 30 progressive progressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 288 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 4 pathophysiologic pathophysiologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 5 state state NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 9 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 12 main main JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 13 determinant determinant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 17 course course NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 20 success success NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 22 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 23 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 27 explains explain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 29 trend trend NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 30 toward toward IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 31 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 32 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 33 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 34 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 35 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 36 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 38 169 169 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 289 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 1 Although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 2 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 3 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 4 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 6 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 7 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 8 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 9 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 10 decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 12 incidence incidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 14 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 17 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 19 even even RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 20 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 21 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 23 reversible reversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 24 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 25 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 26 suffer suffer VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 27 morbidity morbidity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 28 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 29 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 30 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 31 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 32 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 33 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 34 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 35 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 36 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 37 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 38 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 39 elevations elevation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 40 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 41 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 42 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 43 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 44 219 219 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 290 46 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 2 elevations elevation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 3 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 4 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 7 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 8 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 9 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 10 decrease decrease VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 12 cross cross JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 13 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 14 sectional sectional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 15 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 20 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 291 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 1 These these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 2 alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 3 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 4 take take VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 5 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 6 months month NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 7 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 8 normalize normalize VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 9 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 10 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 11 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 292 12 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 1 Acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 2 elevations elevation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 6 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 7 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 8 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 9 seen see VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 10 immediately immediately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 11 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 12 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 14 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 15 bypass bypass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 17 when when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 18 there there EX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 19 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 20 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 21 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 22 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 24 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 27 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 29 8 8 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 31 22 22 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 33 98 98 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 293 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 2 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 3 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 4 last last VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 5 up up IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 6 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 7 5 5 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 8 - - SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 9 7 7 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 10 days day NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 12 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 13 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 14 likely likely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 15 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 16 manifestation manifestation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 18 preexisting preexist VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 19 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 20 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 21 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 22 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 23 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 24 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 25 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 26 interactions interaction NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 27 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 28 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 29 exacerbated exacerbate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 30 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 31 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 32 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 33 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 34 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 294 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 1 During during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 2 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 3 bypass bypass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 5 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 6 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 7 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 9 disruption disruption NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 12 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 13 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 14 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 16 complement complement NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 17 activation activation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 20 neutrophil neutrophil NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 21 activation activation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 22 induce induce VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 24 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 25 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 26 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 295 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 2 results result VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 4 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 5 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 8 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 9 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 10 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 12 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 13 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 14 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 15 promote promote VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 16 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 18 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 19 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 21 TXA TXA NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 22 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 25 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 26 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 28 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 29 relaxing relaxing JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 30 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 296 31 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 1 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 2 importantly importantly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 3 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 5 220 220 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 297 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 2 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 4 extreme extreme JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 5 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 6 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 7 produce produce VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 8 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 9 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 11 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 13 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 14 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 15 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 18 death death NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 19 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 20 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 21 treated treat VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 22 immediately immediately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 298 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 1 Classically classically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 4 preoperative preoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 5 determination determination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 9 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 11 made make VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 14 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 15 catheterization catheterization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 16 laboratory laboratory NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 18 order order NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 19 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 20 assess assess VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 22 operability operability NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 24 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 25 given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 26 patient patient NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 28 that that RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 29 is is RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 31 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 32 degree degree NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 33 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 34 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 35 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 36 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 37 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 38 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 39 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 40 reversible reversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 42 as as RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 43 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 44 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 45 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 46 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 47 risk risk NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 299 48 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 2 testing testing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 3 involves involve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 4 measuring measure VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 6 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 7 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 9 calculating calculate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 12 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 13 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 14 varying vary VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 15 conditions condition NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 300 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 2 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 3 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 4 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 5 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 6 maximal maximal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 7 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 8 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 10 e.g. e.g. RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 12 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 14 NO no NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 16 represents represent VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 18 degree degree NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 20 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 22 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 23 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 24 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 25 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 26 present present JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 301 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 1 Despite despite IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 3 frequent frequent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 4 utilization utilization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 6 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 7 testing testing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 9 there there EX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 11 no no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 12 absolute absolute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 14 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 15 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 16 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 17 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 18 universally universally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 19 considered consider VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 20 inoperable inoperable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 302 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 2 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 5 larger large JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 6 reduction reduction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 8 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 10 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 12 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 13 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 14 correlates correlate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 16 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 17 increased increased JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 18 chance chance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 20 reversibility reversibility NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 23 lower low JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 24 risk risk NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 26 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 27 morbidity morbidity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 28 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 30 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 303 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 1 Recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 2 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 4 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 6 combination combination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 8 100 100 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 9 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 10 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 12 inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 13 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 14 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 15 maximal maximal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 17 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 19 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 20 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 21 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 22 predictive predictive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 23 value value NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 25 221 221 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 27 222 222 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 304 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 5 20 20 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 6 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 7 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 10 ratio ratio NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 13 pulmonary pulmonary NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 14 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 15 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 16 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 17 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 18 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 19 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 20 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 21 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 22 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 24 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 25 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 26 nadir nadir NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 28 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 29 ratio ratio NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 30 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 31 less less JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 32 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 33 33 33 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 34 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 36 was be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 37 97 97 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 38 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 39 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 40 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 41 90 90 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 42 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 43 accurate accurate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 44 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 45 predicting predict VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 46 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 47 good good JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 48 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 49 outcome outcome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 305 50 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 4 combination combination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 6 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 8 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 9 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 11 now now RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 12 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 13 commonly commonly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 14 used use VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 15 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 17 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 18 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 19 testing testing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 306 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 1 Reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 2 testing testing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 3 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 4 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 5 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 6 helpful helpful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 9 intensive intensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 10 care care NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 11 unit unit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 14 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 16 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 17 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 18 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 19 elevation elevation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 22 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 23 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 25 order order NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 26 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 27 differentiate differentiate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 28 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 29 residual residual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 30 anatomic anatomic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 31 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 33 prolonged prolong VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 34 periods period NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 35 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 36 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 37 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 39 118 118 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 307 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 2 optimal optimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 3 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 4 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 5 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 7 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 8 morbidity morbidity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 10 prevention prevention NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 11 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 12 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 13 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 14 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 308 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 3 increasingly increasingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 4 clear clear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 5 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 7 longer long JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 10 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 12 exposed expose VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 13 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 15 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 16 forces force NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 17 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 18 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 19 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 20 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 21 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 22 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 23 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 24 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 27 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 29 risk risk NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 30 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 31 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 32 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 33 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 34 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 309 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 1 Following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 2 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 5 goal goal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 7 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 8 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 10 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 11 minimize minimize VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 12 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 14 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 15 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 17 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 19 exaggerated exaggerated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 20 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 22 support support VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 24 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 25 ventricle ventricle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 310 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 1 To to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 2 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 3 end end NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 5 avoidance avoidance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 7 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 8 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 9 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 10 increase increase VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 13 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 15 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 17 acidosis acidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 19 pain pain NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 21 agitation agitation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 23 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 24 intrathoracic intrathoracic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 25 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 27 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 28 critical critical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 311 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 1 Continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 3 arterial arterial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 4 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 5 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 6 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 7 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 8 monitoring monitoring NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 10 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 11 helpful helpful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 12 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 13 allowing allow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 14 prompt prompt JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 15 recognition recognition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 18 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 19 crises crisis NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 21 evaluation evaluation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 24 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 25 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 26 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 27 maneuvers maneuver NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 312 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 1 Monitoring monitor VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 2 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 3 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 4 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 5 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 6 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 7 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 8 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 9 saturation saturation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 11 essential essential JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 13 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 15 allows allow VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 16 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 19 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 20 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 21 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 22 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 23 interpreted interpret VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 25 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 26 context context NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 29 total total JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 30 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 31 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 313 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 4 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 5 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 8 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 9 pressures pressure NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 10 increase increase VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 12 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 13 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 14 pain pain NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 16 agitation agitation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 18 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 19 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 20 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 21 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 22 does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 23 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 24 increase increase VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 27 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 28 perfusion perfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 30 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 31 saturation saturation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 32 remain remain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 33 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 35 then then RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 36 specifi specifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 37 c c NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 38 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 39 directed direct VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 40 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 41 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 42 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 43 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 44 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 45 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 46 necessary necessary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 314 47 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 3 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 6 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 7 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 8 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 9 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 10 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 11 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 12 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 13 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 14 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 15 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 17 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 18 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 19 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 21 and/or and/or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 22 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 23 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 24 saturation saturation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 25 might may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 26 herald herald VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 27 imminent imminent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 28 collapse collapse NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 315 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 2 objective objective NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 4 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 5 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 7 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 8 decrease decrease VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 9 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 10 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 11 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 13 prevent prevent VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 14 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 15 increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 18 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 19 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 316 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 2 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 5 combination combination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 7 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 9 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 10 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 11 increasingly increasingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 12 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 13 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 16 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 17 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 18 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 21 selectivity selectivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 24 rapid rapid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 25 onset onset NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 27 elimination elimination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 29 see see VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 30 earlier early RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 317 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 1 Several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 2 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 3 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 5 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 6 vasodilating vasodilating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 7 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 9 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 10 population population NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 12 223 223 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 15 224 224 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 18 225 225 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 21 226 226 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 23 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 24 however however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 26 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 28 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 29 trails trail NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 30 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 31 lacking lack VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 318 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 1 One one CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 2 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 3 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 4 did do VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 5 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 6 that that DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 7 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 8 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 9 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 10 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 13 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 16 incidence incidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 19 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 20 crises crisis NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 24 days day NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 26 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 27 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 28 compared compare VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 29 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 30 placebo placebo NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 32 226 226 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 319 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 2 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 3 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 4 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 5 history history NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 8 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 11 total total JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 12 anomalous anomalous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 14 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 15 return return NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 17 mitral mitral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 18 valve valve NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 19 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 22 aggressive aggressive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 23 diuresis diuresis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 24 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 25 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 26 helpful helpful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 27 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 28 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 30 edema edema NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 31 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 32 contribute contribute VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 33 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 34 cantly cantly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 35 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 36 elevations elevation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 37 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 38 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 39 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 40 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 320 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 1 Therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 2 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 3 maintain maintain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 4 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 5 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 6 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 7 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 9 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 10 patient patient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 11 population population NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 12 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 13 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 14 dissimilar dissimilar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 15 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 16 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 17 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 19 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 20 patient patient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 21 populations population NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 23 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 24 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 25 exception exception NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 26 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 28 particular particular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 29 emphasis emphasis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 30 placed place VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 31 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 32 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 33 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 34 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 35 reduction reduction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 37 support support NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 321 38 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 3 noteworthy noteworthy JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 4 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 5 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 7 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 8 poorly poorly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 9 compliant compliant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 10 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 11 ventricle ventricle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 12 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 14 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 15 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 16 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 17 afterload afterload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 18 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 19 require require VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 20 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 21 central central JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 22 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 23 pressures pressure NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 24 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 25 maintain maintain VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 26 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 27 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 28 preload preload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 322 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 5 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 7 inotropic inotropic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 8 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 10 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 11 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 12 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 13 α α NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 14 1 1 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 15 -adrenergic -adrenergic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 16 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 17 should should MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 18 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 19 minimized minimize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 20 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 21 avoid avoid VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 23 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 25 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 323 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 1 Agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 2 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 3 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 4 dobutamine dobutamine NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 6 milrinone milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 9 dopamine dopamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 10 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 11 routinely routinely RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 12 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 324 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 2 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 4 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 5 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 7 positive positive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 8 end end NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 9 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 10 expiratory expiratory NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 11 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 13 PEEP peep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 15 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 16 somewhat somewhat RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 17 controversial controversial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 325 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 1 Mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 2 hyperventilation hyperventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 3 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 4 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 5 PEEP peep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 6 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 7 intrathoracic intrathoracic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 8 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 12 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 14 85 85 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 16 115 115 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 326 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 2 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 3 should should MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 4 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 5 avoided avoid VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 6 if if IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 7 adequate adequate JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 8 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 9 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 10 saturation saturation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 11 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 12 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 13 achieved achieve VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 14 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 15 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 16 means mean NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 327 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 3 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 4 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 5 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 6 volumes volume NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 9 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 11 PEEP PEEP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 12 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 13 increase increase VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 14 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 15 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 16 _SP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 17 Until until IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 18 very very RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 19 recently recently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 22 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 23 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 25 unknown unknown JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 26 etiology etiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 27 was be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 28 termed term VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 29 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 30 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 31 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 328 32 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 3 recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 4 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 5 indicates indicate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 8 disposition disposition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 10 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 11 subset subset NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 13 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 14 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 15 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 17 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 20 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 21 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 23 diseases disease NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 24 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 25 lead lead VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 26 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 28 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 29 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 30 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 31 similar similar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 32 histological histological JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 33 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 34 pathophysiologic pathophysiologic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 35 features feature NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 36 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 37 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 38 uncovered uncover VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 40 102 102 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 43 103 103 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 46 104 104 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 49 105 105 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 329 51 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 1 Thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 3 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 5 2003 2003 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 6 Third Third NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 7 World World NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 8 Symposium Symposium NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 9 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 10 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 11 Arterial Arterial NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 12 Hypertension Hypertension NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 15 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 16 classifi classifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 17 cation cation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 18 was be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 19 proposed propose VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 20 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 21 further further RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 22 classify classify VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 23 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 26 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 28 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 29 subgroups subgroup NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 30 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 32 1 1 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 34 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 35 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 36 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 37 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 39 IPAH IPAH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 43 2 2 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 45 familial familial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 46 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 47 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 48 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 50 FPAH FPAH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 52 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 53 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 55 3 3 LS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 57 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 58 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 59 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 60 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 61 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 62 risk risk NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 63 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 64 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 65 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 66 conditions condition NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 67 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 68 APAH APAH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 69 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 70 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 71 227 227 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 72 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 330 73 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 3 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 4 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 5 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 8 remains remain VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 9 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 11 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 12 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 13 higher high JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 14 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 15 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 16 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 17 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 331 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 5 Primary Primary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 6 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 7 Hypertension Hypertension NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 8 National National NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 9 Institutes Institutes NNPS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 11 Health Health NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 12 Registry Registry NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 13 reports report VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 15 median median JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 16 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 18 only only RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 19 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 20 months month NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 21 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 22 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 23 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 25 228 228 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 332 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 3 recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 4 data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 6 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 7 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 8 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 9 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 10 respond respond VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 11 differently differently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 12 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 13 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 14 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 15 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 16 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 18 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 19 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 20 differences difference NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 21 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 22 portend portend VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 23 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 24 better well JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 25 outcome outcome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 27 younger young JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 28 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 30 229 229 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 31 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 32 230 230 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 333 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 2 frequency frequency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 4 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 6 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 8 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 9 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 10 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 11 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 12 known know VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 14 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 16 appears appear VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 17 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 19 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 21 confi confi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 22 rmed rme VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 23 cases case NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 24 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 25 increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 334 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 2 incidence incidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 4 slightly slightly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 5 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 7 females female NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 9 231 231 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 335 11 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 2 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 3 common common JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 4 causes cause NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 6 death death NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 8 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 10 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 14 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 15 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 16 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 18 sudden sudden JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 19 death death NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 21 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 22 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 23 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 24 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 25 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 26 malignant malignant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 27 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 28 arrhythmias arrhythmia NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 30 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 31 emboli emboli NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 33 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 34 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 35 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 36 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 37 ischemia ischemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 39 228 228 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 336 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 1 Physicians physician NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 2 caring care VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 3 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 4 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 6 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 7 intensive intensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 8 care care NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 9 unit unit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 10 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 11 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 12 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 13 cognizant cognizant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 15 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 16 disorder disorder NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 18 albeit albeit IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 19 rare rare JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 21 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 22 relatively relatively RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 23 benign benign JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 24 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 25 processes process NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 27 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 28 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 29 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 31 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 32 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 33 life life NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 34 threatening threaten VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 35 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 36 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 37 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 38 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 39 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 40 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 42 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 43 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 44 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 45 have have VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 46 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 47 previously previously RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 48 identifi identifi VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 49 ed ed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 337 50 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 1 As as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 2 opposed oppose VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 3 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 4 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 5 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 6 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 10 who who WP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 11 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 12 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 13 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 14 plexiform plexiform NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 15 lesions lesion NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 16 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 18 relatively relatively RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 19 fi fi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 20 xed xed FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 21 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 22 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 24 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 25 display display VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 26 greater great JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 27 medial medial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 28 hypertrophy hypertrophy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 29 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 30 less less RBR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 31 intimal intimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 32 fi fi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 33 brosis brosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 35 fewer few JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 36 plexiform plexiform NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 37 lesions lesion NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 39 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 40 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 41 229 229 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 338 43 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 4 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 5 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 6 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 7 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 8 decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 10 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 11 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 13 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 16 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 17 compared compare VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 18 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 19 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 20 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 339 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 4 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 5 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 8 remain remain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 9 speculative speculative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 10 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 11 however however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 13 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 14 suggest suggest VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 15 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 16 integral integral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 17 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 18 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 19 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 20 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 22 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 24 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 25 increase increase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 27 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 28 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 29 favor favor VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 30 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 31 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 33 mitogenesis mitogenesis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 35 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 36 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 37 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 38 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 39 TXA TXA NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 40 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 42 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 43 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 44 decrease decrease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 45 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 46 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 47 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 48 promote promote VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 49 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 50 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 51 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 52 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 53 antiproliferation antiproliferation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 54 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 55 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 56 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 57 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 58 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 59 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 60 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 61 23 23 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 62 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 63 101 101 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 64 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 65 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 66 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 67 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 68 232 232 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 340 69 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 341 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 341 2 233 233 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 341 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 2 234 234 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 5 235 235 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 342 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 1 Other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 3 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 4 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 5 investigated investigate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 6 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 8 altered altered JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 9 gene gene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 10 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 12 coagulation coagulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 13 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 15 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 17 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 18 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 22 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 25 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 26 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 27 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 28 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 29 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 30 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 32 236 236 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 35 237 237 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 38 238 238 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 343 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 1 Recent recent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 2 advances advance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 5 understanding understanding NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 9 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 10 established establish VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 11 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 12 association association NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 15 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 17 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 18 processes process NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 20 toxins toxin NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 344 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 1 Thus thus RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 5 now now RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 6 known know VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 7 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 10 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 11 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 12 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 13 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 14 collagen collagen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 15 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 16 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 18 portal portal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 19 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 21 human human JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 22 immunodefi immunodefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 23 ciency ciency NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 24 virus virus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 25 infection infection NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 27 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 28 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 30 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 31 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 32 interstitial interstitial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 33 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 34 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 36 sleepdisordered sleepdisordered JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 37 breathing breathing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 39 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 40 hypoventilation hypoventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 41 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 42 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 43 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 44 exposure exposure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 45 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 46 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 47 altitudes altitude NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 48 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 49 thromboembolic thromboembolic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 50 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 51 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 52 sickle sickle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 53 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 54 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 55 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 56 Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 57 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 58 sarcoidosis sarcoidosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 59 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 60 thyroid thyroid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 61 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 62 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 63 glycogen glycogen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 64 storage storage NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 65 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 66 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 67 Gaucher Gaucher NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 68 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 69 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 70 hereditary hereditary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 71 hemorrhagic hemorrhagic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 72 telangiectasia telangiectasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 73 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 74 myeloproliferative myeloproliferative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 75 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 76 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 77 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 78 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 79 capillary capillary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 80 hemangiomatosis hemangiomatosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 345 81 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 4 drugs drug NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 5 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 6 toxins toxin NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 8 most most RBS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 9 notably notably RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 10 anorexigens anorexigens NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 12 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 13 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 14 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 16 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 17 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 20 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 22 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 24 227 227 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 346 26 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 2 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 4 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 5 work work NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 7 up up NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 8 includes include VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 9 history history NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 11 physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 12 examination examination NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 14 electrocardiography electrocardiography NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 16 chest chest NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 17 radiography radiography NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 19 echocardiography echocardiography NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 21 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 22 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 23 catheterization catheterization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 347 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 1 Serologic Serologic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 2 evaluation evaluation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 4 order order NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 5 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 6 exclude exclude VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 7 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 8 causes cause NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 10 required require VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 13 V v NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 14 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 15 Q q NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 16 scanning scanning NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 17 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 18 evaluate evaluate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 19 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 21 emboli embolus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 22 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 23 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 24 necessary necessary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 348 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 1 Treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 2 strategies strategy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 3 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 4 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 6 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 8 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 9 evolving evolve VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 349 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 1 When when WRB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 3 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 5 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 7 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 8 known know VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 9 disorder disorder NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 11 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 12 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 13 include include VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 14 specifi specifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 15 c c NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 16 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 17 aimed aim VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 18 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 20 underlying underlying JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 21 condition condition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 350 22 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 3 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 4 treatments treatment NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 5 include include VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 7 approach approach NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 8 reviewed review VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 9 above above RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 11 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 12 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 14 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 15 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 16 blockers blocker NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 18 anticoagulation anticoagulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 20 ET ET NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 21 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 22 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 24 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 25 analogues analogue NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 27 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 28 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 351 29 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 352 1 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 353 1 NO no UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 353 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 353 3 PDE pde NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 353 4 type type NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 1 5 5 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 2 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 4 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 5 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 8 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 9 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 10 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 12 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 13 transplant transplant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 14 considerations consideration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 15 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 16 indicated indicate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 18 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 354 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 1 Patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 2 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 4 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 5 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 6 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 7 histologic histologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 8 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 11 situ situ JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 14 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 16 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 17 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 19 rationale rationale NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 20 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 21 anticoagulation anticoagulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 22 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 355 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 1 Although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 2 several several JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 3 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 4 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 5 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 6 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 8 effi effi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 9 cacy cacy NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 11 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 12 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 14 lacking lack VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 16 239 239 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 17 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 18 240 240 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 356 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 1 Currently currently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 3 warfarin warfarin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 6 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 8 choice choice NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 9 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 10 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 11 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 14 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 15 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 16 centers center NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 17 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 18 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 19 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 20 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 21 experience experience VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 23 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 25 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 26 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 357 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 1 Low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 3 molecularweight molecularweight NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 4 heparin heparin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 6 another another DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 7 alternative alternative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 9 241 241 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 11 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 12 aspirin aspirin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 13 does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 14 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 15 have have VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 16 any any DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 17 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 18 effi effi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 19 cacy cacy NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 358 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 1 Chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 2 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 3 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 4 blockade blockade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 6 effi effi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 7 cacious cacious NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 8 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 9 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 10 subset subset NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 12 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 14 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 17 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 18 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 359 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 4 whereas whereas IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 5 less less JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 6 than than IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 7 25 25 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 8 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 10 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 11 respond respond VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 12 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 13 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 14 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 15 blockers blocker NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 17 up up IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 18 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 19 40 40 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 20 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 22 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 23 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 24 positive positive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 25 responders responder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 27 186 186 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 29 242 242 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 360 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 3 worth worth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 4 noting note VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 5 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 6 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 7 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 8 blockers blocker NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 9 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 10 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 11 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 14 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 16 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 17 common common JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 18 causes cause NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 20 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 22 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 24 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 25 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 26 PPHN PPHN NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 27 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 28 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 29 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 30 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 361 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 3 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 4 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 5 blockade blockade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 6 should should MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 7 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 8 avoided avoid VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 10 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 12 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 13 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 14 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 15 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 362 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 3 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 4 indicate indicate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 5 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 6 long long RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 7 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 8 acting act VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 9 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 10 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 11 blockers blocker NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 13 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 14 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 15 nifedipine nifedipine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 17 amlodipine amlodipine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 19 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 20 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 21 tolerated tolerate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 22 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 23 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 24 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 25 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 27 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 363 28 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 1 An an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 2 important important JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 3 caveat caveat NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 5 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 7 positive positive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 8 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 9 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 10 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 11 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 12 blockers blocker NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 14 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 16 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 17 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 18 reduction reduction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 20 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 21 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 22 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 24 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 25 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 26 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 27 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 28 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 29 part part NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 30 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 31 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 32 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 33 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 34 testing testing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 364 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 1 Children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 2 without without IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 4 positive positive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 5 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 6 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 7 do do VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 8 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 9 benefi benefi VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 10 t t NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 11 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 12 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 13 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 365 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 1 Prostaglandins prostaglandin NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 2 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 4 mainstay mainstay NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 6 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 7 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 8 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 11 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 366 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 2 general general JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 4 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 6 epoprostenol epoprostenol NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 8 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 9 administered administer VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 10 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 11 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 12 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 13 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 15 necessitating necessitate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 16 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 17 permanent permanent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 18 indwelling indwell VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 19 central central JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 20 catheter catheter NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 23 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 24 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 25 risks risk NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 27 181 181 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 30 182 182 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 33 183 183 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 36 184 184 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 39 185 185 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 367 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 3 various various JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 4 other other JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 5 formulations formulation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 6 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 7 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 9 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 12 subcutaneous subcutaneous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 13 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 14 analogues analogue NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 15 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 16 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 17 developed develop VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 19 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 21 various various JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 22 stages stage NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 24 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 25 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 27 243 243 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 30 244 244 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 368 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 2 245 245 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 5 246 246 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 369 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 1 Supplemental supplemental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 2 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 4 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 5 glycosides glycoside NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 7 antiarrhythmic antiarrhythmic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 8 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 9 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 11 inotropic inotropic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 12 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 13 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 14 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 15 variably variably RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 16 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 18 certain certain JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 19 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 21 187 187 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 23 247 247 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 370 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 1 Diuretic diuretic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 2 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 4 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 5 often often RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 6 benefi benefi JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 7 cial cial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 9 keeping keep VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 11 mind mind NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 12 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 13 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 14 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 15 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 16 require require VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 17 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 18 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 19 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 20 preload preload NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 371 21 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 1 Based base VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 2 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 3 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 4 expanding expand VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 5 understanding understanding NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 8 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 9 process process NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 11 future future JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 12 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 13 might may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 14 include include VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 15 elastase elastase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 16 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 18 gene gene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 19 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 21 248 248 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 23 249 249 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 372 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 1 As as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 2 noted note VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 3 previously previously RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 5 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 6 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 7 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 8 have have VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 9 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 10 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 13 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 15 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 16 select select JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 17 group group NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 19 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 21 250 250 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 373 23 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 3 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 4 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 7 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 9 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 10 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 11 exacerbation exacerbation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 13 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 16 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 17 lead lead VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 18 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 19 unacceptable unacceptable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 20 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 21 because because IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 23 excess excess JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 24 right right NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 25 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 26 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 27 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 28 left leave VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 29 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 30 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 374 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 1 Finally finally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 3 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 4 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 5 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 7 single single JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 8 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 9 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 11 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 12 bilateral bilateral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 13 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 14 transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 15 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 16 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 17 successful successful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 19 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 20 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 21 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 22 terminal terminal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 24 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 26 251 251 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 27 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 28 252 252 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 375 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 2 International International NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 3 Society Society NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 4 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 5 Heart Heart NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 7 Lung Lung NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 8 Transplantation Transplantation NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 9 reports report VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 10 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 12 approximately approximately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 13 50 50 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 14 % % NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 15 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 16 5 5 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 17 years year NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 19 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 20 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 22 253 253 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 376 24 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 1 Consensus consensus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 2 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 3 lacking lack VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 4 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 7 best good JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 8 type type NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 10 transplant transplant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 377 11 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 1 Increases increase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 2 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 4 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 5 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 7 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 8 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 9 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 10 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 11 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 12 described describe VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 378 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 2 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 3 experimental experimental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 4 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 5 suggests suggest VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 6 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 7 prolonged prolong VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 8 exposure exposure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 9 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 11 intermittent intermittent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 12 exposure exposure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 13 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 14 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 15 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 16 result result VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 18 functional functional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 20 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 21 derangements derangement NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 25 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 27 leading lead VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 28 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 30 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 32 254 254 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 35 255 255 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 38 256 256 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 379 40 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 1 Fortunately fortunately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 3 elevations elevation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 6 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 7 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 8 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 9 occur occur VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 11 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 12 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 13 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 14 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 16 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 17 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 18 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 19 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 20 ascent ascent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 22 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 24 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 25 rapidly rapidly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 26 reversible reversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 380 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 3 there there EX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 4 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 5 great great JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 6 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 7 variability variability NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 10 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 12 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 381 13 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 1 For for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 2 example example NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 4 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 5 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 6 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 7 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 8 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 9 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 11 edema edema NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 13 which which WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 14 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 15 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 16 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 17 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 19 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 20 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 22 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 23 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 24 linked link VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 25 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 26 certain certain JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 27 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 28 histocompatibility histocompatibility NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 29 complexes complex NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 31 257 257 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 33 258 258 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 382 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 4 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 5 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 6 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 9 continue continue VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 10 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 11 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 12 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 13 area area NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 15 intense intense JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 16 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 383 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 1 To to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 2 date date NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 3 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 4 precise precise JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 5 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 6 remain remain VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 7 unclear unclear JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 9 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 11 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 12 known know VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 13 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 15 number number NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 17 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 18 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 19 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 21 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 22 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 23 NO no RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 25 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 27 leukotrienes leukotriene NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 30 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 31 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 33 participate participate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 35 10 10 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 38 259 259 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 41 260 260 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 44 261 261 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 47 262 262 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 384 49 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 3 additional additional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 4 genetic genetic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 5 polymorphisms polymorphism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 6 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 7 also also RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 8 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 9 investigation investigation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 385 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 1 Pediatricians pediatrician NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 2 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 3 consider consider VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 4 this this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 5 physiology physiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 7 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 9 conditions condition NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 10 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 11 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 12 upper upper JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 13 airway airway NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 14 obstruction obstruction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 16 central central JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 17 hypoventilation hypoventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 20 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 21 disorders disorder NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 22 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 23 affect affect VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 24 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 386 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 4 many many JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 6 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 7 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 8 do do VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 9 develop develop VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 10 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 14 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 16 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 17 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 18 enlargement enlargement NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 387 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 2 most most JJS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 3 cases case NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 5 addressing address VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 7 underlying underlie VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 8 pathology pathology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 10 curative curative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 12 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 14 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 15 take take VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 16 some some DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 17 time time NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 18 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 19 fully fully RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 20 reverse reverse VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 22 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 23 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 24 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 25 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 26 occurred occur VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 388 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 2 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 4 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 5 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 6 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 7 involves involve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 8 damage damage NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 9 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 10 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 12 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 13 epithelium epithelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 17 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 389 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 3 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 4 accounts account NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 5 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 6 key key JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 7 features feature NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 9 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 10 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 11 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 13 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 14 intravascular intravascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 15 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 17 capillary capillary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 18 permeability permeability NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 19 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 20 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 21 alveolar alveolar NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 22 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 23 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 25 263 263 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 390 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 5 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 6 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 10 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 12 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 13 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 14 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 16 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 17 lead lead VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 18 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 20 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 21 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 22 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 23 resulting result VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 25 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 26 intrapulmonary intrapulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 27 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 29 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 32 edema edema NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 33 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 35 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 36 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 37 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 39 264 264 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 42 265 265 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 45 266 266 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 48 267 267 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 391 50 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 2 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 3 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 4 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 5 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 6 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 8 persistently persistently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 9 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 11 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 12 pressures pressure NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 13 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 14 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 15 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 16 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 17 worse bad JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 18 outcomes outcome NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 20 268 268 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 22 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 23 therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 25 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 26 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 27 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 28 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 29 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 30 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 31 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 33 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 34 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 392 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 1 However however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 3 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 4 vasodila vasodila NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 5 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 6 tors tor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 7 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 8 dilate dilate VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 9 both both CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 11 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 14 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 15 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 16 signifi signifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 17 ca can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 18 nt not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 19 problems problem NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 21 including include VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 22 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 23 hypotension hypotension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 25 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 26 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 27 ischemia ischemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 29 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 30 intrapulmonary intrapulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 31 shunting shunting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 33 i.e. i.e. FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 34 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 35 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 36 V v NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 37 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 38 Q q NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 39 mismatch mismatch NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 42 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 43 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 44 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 46 141 141 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 49 142 142 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 51 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 52 143 143 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 55 144 144 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 58 145 145 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 59 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 393 60 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 3 selective selective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 5 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 7 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 8 NO NO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 9 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 10 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 11 utilized utilize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 13 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 15 improves improve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 16 V v NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 17 / / SYM cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 18 Q q NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 19 matching matching NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 21 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 22 without without IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 23 untoward untoward JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 24 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 25 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 27 269 269 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 29 270 270 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 394 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 3 improvements improvement NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 5 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 6 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 7 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 8 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 9 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 10 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 11 transient transient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 14 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 15 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 16 trials trial NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 17 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 18 failed fail VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 19 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 20 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 21 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 22 improvement improvement NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 24 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 25 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 27 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 29 120 120 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 30 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 31 271 271 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 33 272 272 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 395 35 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 2 routine routine JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 3 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 5 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 6 NO no RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 8 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 10 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 11 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 12 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 14 therefore therefore RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 16 can can MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 17 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 18 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 19 justifi justifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 20 ed ed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 21 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 22 however however RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 23 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 24 it -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 25 may may MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 26 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 27 indicated indicate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 28 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 29 individual individual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 30 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 31 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 32 particularly particularly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 33 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 34 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 35 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 36 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 37 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 38 compromise compromise NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 39 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 40 refractory refractory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 41 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 42 caused cause VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 43 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 44 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 46 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 47 pressures pressure NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 396 48 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 1 Clearly clearly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 3 physicians physician NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 4 caring care VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 5 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 6 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 7 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 9 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 10 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 11 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 12 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 13 include include VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 14 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 15 awareness awareness NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 20 aberrations aberration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 21 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 24 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 27 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 28 considerations consideration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 397 29 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 1 Historically historically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 3 diseases disease NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 7 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 9 although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 10 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 11 uncommon uncommon JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 13 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 14 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 15 underrecognized underrecognize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 398 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 1 This this DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 2 was be VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 3 caused cause VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 6 part part NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 8 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 10 paucity paucity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 12 effective effective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 13 treatments treatment NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 14 as as RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 15 well well RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 16 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 17 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 18 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 19 understanding understanding NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 22 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 23 biologic biologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 24 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 399 25 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 2 fact fact NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 4 over over IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 6 past past JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 7 decade decade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 8 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 10 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 11 gold gold NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 12 standard standard NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 13 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 14 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 16 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 17 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 19 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 400 20 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 1 Although although IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 2 certainly certainly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 3 extending extend VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 4 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 5 improving improve VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 7 lives life NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 9 many many JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 10 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 11 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 12 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 13 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 14 administration administration NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 15 has have VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 16 been be VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 17 predominantly predominantly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 18 limited limit VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 19 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 20 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 21 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 22 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 23 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 25 given give VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 27 inconvenience inconvenience NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 28 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 29 morbidity morbidity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 30 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 31 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 33 delivery delivery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 401 34 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 1 Fortunately fortunately RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 2 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 3 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 4 expanded expand VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 5 understanding understanding NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 9 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 10 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 12 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 13 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 14 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 18 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 19 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 21 interactions interaction NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 22 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 24 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 27 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 28 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 29 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 30 resulted result VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 31 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 32 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 33 effective effective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 34 treatments treatment NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 35 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 36 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 37 additional additional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 38 potential potential JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 39 therapies therapy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 40 evolving evolve VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 41 rapidly rapidly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 402 42 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 1 Oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 2 agents agent NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 3 such such JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 4 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 5 bosentan bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 7 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 8 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 9 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 10 two two CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 11 examples example NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 12 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 13 great great JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 14 promise promise NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 403 15 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 2 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 4 accumulated accumulate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 5 experience experience NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 7 focused focused JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 8 research research NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 9 have have VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 10 uncovered uncover VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 11 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 12 multitude multitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 14 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 15 processes process NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 16 that that WDT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 17 contribute contribute VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 18 directly directly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 19 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 20 indirectly indirectly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 21 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 23 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 26 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 404 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 1 Physicians physician NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 2 caring care VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 3 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 4 critically critically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 5 ill ill JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 6 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 7 must must MD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 8 be be VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 9 aware aware JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 11 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 12 illnesses illness NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 15 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 18 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 22 available available JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 23 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 24 options option NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 26 order order NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 27 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 28 translate translate VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 29 these these DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 30 advances advance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 31 into into IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 32 improved improved JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 33 outcomes outcome NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 34 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 35 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 405 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 1 Cultured cultured JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 3 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 4 synthesize synthesize VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 5 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 6 platelet platelet NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 7 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 8 activating activate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 9 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 11 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 13 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 14 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 15 histamine histamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 16 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 17 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 18 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 20 adenosine adenosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 406 21 triphosphate triphosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 2 novel novel JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 3 potent potent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 4 vasoconstrictor vasoconstrictor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 5 peptide peptide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 6 produced produce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 7 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 9 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 407 10 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 3 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 4 synthesize synthesize VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 5 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 6 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 7 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 8 L l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 9 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 10 arginine arginine NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 11 Flow flow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 12 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 13 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 14 release release NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 16 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 18 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 19 relaxing relaxing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 20 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 21 Molecular molecular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 22 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 24 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 25 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 26 mediated mediate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 408 27 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 2 L l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 3 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 4 arginine arginine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 5 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 6 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 7 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 8 pathway pathway NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 9 N n CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 10 omega omega NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 12 nitro nitro NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 13 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 14 L l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 15 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 16 arginine arginine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 17 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 18 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 19 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 20 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 22 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 24 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 25 Endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 26 modulation modulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 29 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 30 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 31 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 32 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 33 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 34 generating generate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 35 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 409 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 410 1 8-bromo 8-bromo CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 410 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 410 3 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 410 4 guanosine guanosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 410 5 monophosphate monophosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 1 inhibit inhibit VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 2 mitogenesis mitogenesis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 4 proliferation proliferation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 6 cultured cultured JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 7 rat rat NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 8 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 9 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 10 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 11 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 12 EDRF EDRF NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 13 inhibition inhibition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 14 augments augment VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 16 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 18 intact intact JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 19 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 411 20 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 2 vivo vivo NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 3 attenuation attenuation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 5 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 7 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 9 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 10 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 11 methylene methylene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 12 blue blue JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 13 M&B M&B NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 14 22948 22948 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 16 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 17 cGMP cGMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 18 phosphodiesterase phosphodiesterase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 19 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 20 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 21 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 24 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 26 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 27 Nitric Nitric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 28 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 29 regulates regulate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 30 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 31 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 33 vasoconstrictors vasoconstrictor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 34 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 35 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 36 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 37 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 38 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 39 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 40 under under IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 41 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 42 normoxia normoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 43 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 44 hypoxia hypoxia VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 45 Endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 46 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 47 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 48 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 412 49 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 3 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 4 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 5 increases increase VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 6 endothelinconverting endothelinconverting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 8 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 10 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 11 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 12 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 13 Tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 14 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 16 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 17 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 18 endothelin endothelin VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 21 isolated isolated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 22 perfused perfuse VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 23 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 24 sheep sheep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 26 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 28 situ situ VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 29 Endothelin-1 Endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 30 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 32 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 33 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 34 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 35 intact intact JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 36 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 37 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 38 Developmental developmental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 39 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 40 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 41 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 42 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 43 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 44 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 45 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 46 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 47 sheep sheep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 48 Circulatory circulatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 49 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 50 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 51 endothelin endothelin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 52 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 53 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 413 54 piglets piglet NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 1 Maturational Maturational NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 2 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 4 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 5 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 6 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 7 relaxations relaxation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 9 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 10 piglet piglet NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 12 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 13 Circulatory circulatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 14 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 15 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 16 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 19 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 20 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 21 Impairment Impairment NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 23 endotheliumdependent endotheliumdependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 25 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 26 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 28 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 29 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 30 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 31 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 32 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 414 33 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 1 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 3 hemodynamics hemodynamic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 4 Reduced reduce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 5 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 7 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 8 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 9 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 10 synthase synthase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 13 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 15 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 16 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 18 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 19 Expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 21 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 22 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 24 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 26 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 27 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 415 29 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 1 Altered altered JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 2 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 3 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 4 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 5 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 7 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 10 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 12 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 416 14 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 417 1 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 418 1 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 1 Morphological morphological JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 2 development development NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 7 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 9 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 10 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 11 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 13 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 14 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 15 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 16 events event NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 17 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 18 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 19 fl fl JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 20 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 21 distribution distribution NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 22 Fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 24 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 26 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 27 Changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 28 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 29 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 30 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 31 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 32 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 33 new new RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 34 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 35 born bear VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 36 lamb lamb NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 37 Control Control NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 38 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 39 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 40 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 41 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 42 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 43 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 44 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 45 Distribution distribution NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 46 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 47 regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 48 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 49 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 50 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 51 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 52 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 53 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 54 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 55 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 56 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 57 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 58 Regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 59 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 60 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 61 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 62 tone tone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 63 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 64 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 65 perinatal perinatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 66 period period NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 67 Effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 68 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 69 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 70 expansion expansion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 71 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 72 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 73 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 74 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 419 75 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 2 onset onset NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 4 breathing breathing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 5 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 6 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 7 stimulates stimulate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 9 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 10 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 420 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 1 Increasing increase VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 2 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 3 tension tension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 4 dilates dilate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 5 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 7 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 8 via via IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 9 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 10 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 11 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 12 relaxing relaxing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 421 13 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 1 Oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 2 modulates modulate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 3 endotheliumderived endotheliumderive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 4 relaxing relaxing JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 5 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 6 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 8 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 422 10 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 3 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 4 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 5 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 7 developmentally developmentally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 8 regulated regulate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 11 fetus fetus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 13 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 14 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 16 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 18 related relate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 19 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 20 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 21 L l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 22 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 23 arginine arginine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 24 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 25 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 27 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 28 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 29 ovine ovine JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 30 fetus fetus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 31 Ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 423 33 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 1 induce induce VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 2 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 3 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 4 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 5 synthase synthase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 6 gene gene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 7 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 10 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 12 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 13 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 14 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 15 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 16 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 17 inhibition inhibition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 424 19 utero utero NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 1 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 2 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 4 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 6 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 7 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 8 Endothelin-1 Endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 10 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 11 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 425 12 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 1 Increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 3 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 4 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 5 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 6 alters alter VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 8 molecular molecular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 9 regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 11 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 12 reactivity reactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 15 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 16 Altered alter VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 17 regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 20 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 21 cascade cascade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 22 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 23 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 24 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 25 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 27 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 28 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 29 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 30 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 32 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 33 Alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 34 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 35 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 36 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 37 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 38 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 39 8-week 8-week JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 40 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 41 old old JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 42 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 43 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 44 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 46 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 426 47 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 1 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 2 Increased increase VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 3 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 4 NOS NOS NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 6 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 7 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 8 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 10 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 11 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 12 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 16 Emergence emergence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 18 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 19 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 20 cell cell NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 21 endothelin endothelin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 22 Bmediated Bmediated NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 23 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 25 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 26 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 27 experimental experimental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 28 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 29 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 30 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 31 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 32 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 34 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 427 35 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 1 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 2 sGC sGC NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 4 PDE5 PDE5 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 5 are be VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 6 elevated elevate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 8 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 10 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 12 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 13 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 14 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 17 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 18 Altered alter VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 19 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 20 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 22 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 23 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 26 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 27 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 28 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 29 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 30 Alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 31 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 32 TGF TGF NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 33 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 34 beta1 beta1 VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 35 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 36 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 37 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 38 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 39 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 40 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 41 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 42 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 43 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 44 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 46 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 47 Alterations alteration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 48 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 49 ET-1 ET-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 50 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 51 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 52 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 53 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 54 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 55 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 56 1-week 1-week CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 57 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 58 old old JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 59 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 60 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 61 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 62 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 63 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 64 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 428 65 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 1 In in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 2 utero utero NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 3 placement placement NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 5 aortopulmonary aortopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 6 shunts shunt NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 429 7 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 2 model model NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 4 postnatal postnatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 6 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 7 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 8 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 10 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 11 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 12 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 430 14 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 2 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 5 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 7 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 8 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 9 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 10 Altered alter VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 11 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 12 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 13 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 14 relaxations relaxation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 16 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 17 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 18 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 20 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 21 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 22 ow ow NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 431 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 1 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 2 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 3 Endothelin-1 Endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 4 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 5 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 7 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 10 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 12 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 432 14 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 433 1 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 1 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 2 Failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 4 postnatal postnatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 5 adaptation adaptation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 9 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 10 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 11 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 12 intrauterine intrauterine JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 16 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 17 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 18 Persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 19 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 20 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 21 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 22 newly newly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 23 recognized recognize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 24 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 434 25 features feature NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 2 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 3 basis basis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 5 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 10 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 11 infant infant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 12 Pharmacologic Pharmacologic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 13 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 14 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 15 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 17 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 20 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 21 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 22 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 23 " " `` cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 24 poly poly JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 25 " " '' cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 26 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 28 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 29 itself -PRON- PRP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 30 Structure Structure NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 31 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 32 function function VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 33 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 34 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 35 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 435 36 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 1 New new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 2 perceptions perception NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 3 Elevated elevate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 4 immunoreactive immunoreactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 5 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 6 levels level NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 8 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 9 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 11 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 14 Loss loss NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 16 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 18 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 19 relaxant relaxant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 20 activity activity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 24 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 26 rats rat NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 27 exposed expose VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 28 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 29 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 436 30 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 1 An an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 2 imbalance imbalance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 3 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 5 excretion excretion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 7 thromboxane thromboxane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 9 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 10 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 437 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 1 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 2 PKG-1 PKG-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 4 upregulated upregulate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 5 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 7 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 8 Models model NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 10 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 15 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 17 PPHN PPHN NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 21 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 23 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 24 guanosine guanosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 25 monophosphate monophosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 27 GMP GMP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 29 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 30 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 31 vasorelaxation vasorelaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 32 Physical physical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 33 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 34 affecting affect VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 35 normal normal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 36 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 37 serotonin serotonin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 38 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 39 constricted constrict VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 40 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 41 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 42 Response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 43 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 44 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 46 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 47 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 48 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 49 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 50 H+ H+ NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 51 ion ion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 52 concentration concentration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 53 changes change VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 54 Site site NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 55 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 56 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 57 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 58 stimulation stimulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 59 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 60 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 61 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 62 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 63 Infl Infl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 64 uence uence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 65 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 66 alveolar alveolar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 67 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 68 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 69 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 70 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 71 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 72 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 73 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 74 versus versus IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 75 sheep sheep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 76 Hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 77 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 78 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 438 79 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 1 Physiologic physiologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 2 signifi signifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 3 cance cance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 4 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 8 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 439 9 relevance relevance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 1 Hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 3 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 4 Increased increase VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 5 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 6 pH ph NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 8 not not RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 9 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 10 PaCO paco NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 11 2 2 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 12 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 13 attenuates attenuate VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 14 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 15 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 16 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 18 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 20 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 440 21 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 2 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 4 hypocarbia hypocarbia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 5 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 7 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 8 system system NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 10 puppies puppy NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 11 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 12 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 13 K+ k+ JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 14 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 15 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 17 vasoreactivity vasoreactivity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 19 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 20 model model NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 22 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 23 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 441 24 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 2 nervous nervous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 3 control control NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 6 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 9 foetal foetal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 10 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 11 newly newly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 12 expanded expand VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 13 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 16 lamb lamb NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 17 Physiology Physiology NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 19 pharmacology pharmacology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 21 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 22 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 23 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 25 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 26 fetus fetus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 27 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 28 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 29 Poiseuille Poiseuille NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 30 's 's POS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 31 law law NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 33 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 34 limitations limitation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 35 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 36 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 37 systems system NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 38 Mechanics mechanic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 39 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 40 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 41 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 42 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 43 Applied Applied NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 44 Hydro Hydro NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 45 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 46 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 47 Aeromechanics Aeromechanics NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 48 Congenital Congenital NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 49 Diseases Diseases NNPS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 50 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 51 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 52 Heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 53 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 54 Clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 55 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 56 Physiological physiological JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 57 Considerations consideration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 58 Relative relative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 59 viscosity viscosity NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 60 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 61 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 62 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 63 varying vary VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 64 hematocrits hematocrit NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 65 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 66 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 67 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 68 Effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 69 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 70 hematocrit hematocrit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 71 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 72 inertial inertial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 73 losses loss NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 442 74 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 1 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 3 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 4 ow ow NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 5 relations relation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 443 9 hindpaw hindpaw NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 444 1 o o UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 1 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 2 dog dog NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 3 Mechanical mechanical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 4 infl infl NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 5 uences uence NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 6 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 9 microcirculation microcirculation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 10 Recruitment Recruitment NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 11 vs. vs. CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 12 distensibility distensibility NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 16 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 17 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 18 Relationship relationship NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 19 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 20 regional regional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 21 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 22 volume volume NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 24 regional regional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 445 27 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 1 Infl Infl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 2 uence uence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 4 state state NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 6 infl infl NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 7 ation ation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 10 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 11 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 14 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 15 Biosynthesis Biosynthesis NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 17 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 18 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 20 citrulline citrulline NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 21 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 22 L l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 23 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 24 arginine arginine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 25 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 26 constitutive constitutive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 27 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 28 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 29 synthase synthase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 30 present present NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 31 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 32 rabbit rabbit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 33 corpus corpus NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 34 cavernosum cavernosum NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 35 Endothelium Endothelium NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 36 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 37 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 38 relaxing relaxing JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 39 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 40 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 41 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 42 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 43 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 44 vein vein NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 45 possesses possess VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 46 pharmacologic pharmacologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 47 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 48 chemical chemical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 49 properties property NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 50 identical identical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 51 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 52 those those DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 53 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 54 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 55 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 56 radical radical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 57 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 58 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 59 endotheliumderived endotheliumderived NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 60 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 61 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 62 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 63 nitrovasodilators nitrovasodilators NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 64 Activation Activation NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 65 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 66 purifi purifi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 67 ed ed NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 68 soluble soluble JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 69 guanylate guanylate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 70 cyclase cyclase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 71 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 72 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 73 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 74 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 75 relaxing relaxing JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 76 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 77 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 78 intrapulmonary intrapulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 79 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 80 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 81 vein vein NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 82 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 83 stimulation stimulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 84 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 85 acetylcholine acetylcholine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 86 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 87 bradykinin bradykinin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 88 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 89 arachidonic arachidonic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 90 acid acid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 91 Cyclic cyclic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 92 guanosine guanosine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 93 monophosphate monophosphate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 94 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 95 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 96 mediator mediator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 97 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 98 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 99 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 100 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 101 synthesis synthesis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 102 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 103 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 104 cytosol cytosol NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 105 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 106 evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 107 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 108 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 109 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 110 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 111 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 112 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 113 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 114 calcium calcium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 115 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 116 independent independent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 117 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 118 Augmentation augmentation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 119 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 120 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 121 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 122 vasoconstriction vasoconstriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 123 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 124 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 125 isolated isolated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 126 perfused perfuse VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 127 rat rat NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 128 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 129 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 130 in in FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 131 vitro vitro FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 132 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 133 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 134 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 135 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 136 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 137 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 138 Cloning cloning NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 139 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 140 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 141 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 142 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 143 cDNA cdna NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 144 encoding encode VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 145 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 146 endothelin endothelin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 147 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 148 Cloning cloning NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 149 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 150 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 151 cDNA cdna NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 152 encoding encode VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 153 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 154 non non JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 155 - - JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 156 isopeptide isopeptide JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 157 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 158 selective selective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 159 subtype subtype NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 160 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 161 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 162 endothelin endothelin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 163 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 164 Regulatory Regulatory NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 165 functions function NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 166 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 167 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 168 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 169 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 170 Regulation regulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 171 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 172 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 173 cerebral cerebral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 174 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 175 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 176 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 177 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 178 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 179 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 180 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 181 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 182 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 183 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 184 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 185 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 186 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 187 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 188 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 189 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 190 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 191 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 192 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 193 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 194 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 446 195 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 2 correlation correlation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 4 light light NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 5 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 6 scanning scan VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 7 electron electron NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 8 microscopy microscopy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 10 transmission transmission NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 11 electron electron NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 12 microscopy microscopy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 13 Impairment impairment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 16 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 18 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 19 relaxation relaxation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 21 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 22 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 23 Eisenmenger Eisenmenger NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 24 's 's POS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 25 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 26 Development Development NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 28 Crotalaria Crotalaria NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 30 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 31 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 32 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 33 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 34 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 35 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 36 Plasma Plasma NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 37 endothelin endothelin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 38 concentrations concentration NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 39 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 40 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 41 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 42 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 43 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 44 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 45 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 46 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 47 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 48 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 447 49 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 2 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 3 increased increased JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 4 production production NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 6 endothelin endothelin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 448 9 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 1 Heterozygous heterozygous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 2 germline germline NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 3 mutations mutation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 5 BMPR2 bmpr2 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 6 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 7 encoding encode VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 8 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 9 TGF TGF NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 10 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 11 beta beta NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 12 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 449 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 450 1 cause cause VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 450 2 familial familial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 450 3 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 450 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 450 5 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 450 6 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 2 International International NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 3 PPH PPH NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 4 Consortium Consortium NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 5 Sporadic sporadic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 6 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 9 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 10 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 11 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 12 germline germline JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 13 mutations mutation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 16 gene gene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 17 encoding encode VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 18 BMPR BMPR NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 19 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 20 II II NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 21 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 23 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 24 member member NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 26 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 27 TGF TGF NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 28 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 29 beta beta NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 30 family family NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 31 Mutation Mutation NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 32 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 33 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 34 gene gene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 35 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 36 bone bone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 37 morphogenetic morphogenetic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 38 protein protein NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 39 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 40 II II NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 41 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 42 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 43 cause cause NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 44 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 45 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 46 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 47 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 48 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 49 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 50 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 51 kindred kindred JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 52 BMPR2 bmpr2 XX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 53 germline germline NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 54 mutations mutation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 55 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 56 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 57 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 58 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 59 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 60 fenfl fenfl NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 61 uramine uramine NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 62 derivatives derivative NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 63 Lung Lung NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 64 biopsy biopsy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 65 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 66 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 67 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 68 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 69 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 70 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 71 morphometric morphometric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 72 approach approach NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 73 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 74 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 75 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 76 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 77 Ultrastructural Ultrastructural NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 78 fi fi IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 79 ndings nding NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 80 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 81 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 82 biopsy biopsy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 83 material material NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 84 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 85 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 86 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 87 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 88 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 451 89 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 1 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 2 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 3 analysis analysis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 6 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 9 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 10 septal septal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 11 defect defect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 452 13 infancy infancy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 2 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 3 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 5 different different JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 6 types type NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 8 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 9 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 10 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 453 11 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 1 Implications implication NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 2 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 3 interpretation interpretation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 5 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 6 biopsy biopsy NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 7 fi fi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 8 ndings nding NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 10 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 11 childhood childhood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 12 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 13 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 14 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 16 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 17 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 18 lesions lesion NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 19 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 20 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 21 features feature NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 23 causes cause VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 24 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 27 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 28 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 29 perioperative perioperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 30 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 31 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 33 management management NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 34 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 35 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 36 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 37 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 454 38 crisis crisis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 1 Transient transient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 2 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 3 ischemia ischemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 6 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 7 infant infant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 8 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 9 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 10 form form NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 12 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 13 cardiorespiratory cardiorespiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 14 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 16 full full JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 18 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 19 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 20 Persistence persistence NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 22 atrioventricular atrioventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 23 valve valve NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 24 regurgitation regurgitation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 26 electrocardiographic electrocardiographic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 27 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 28 following follow VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 29 transient transient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 30 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 31 ischemia ischemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 33 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 34 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 35 Lung Lung NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 36 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 37 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 38 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 39 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 40 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 41 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 42 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 43 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 44 decreased decrease VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 46 blood blood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 455 47 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 456 1 ow ow UH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 2 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 3 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 4 controlled controlled JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 5 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 7 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 8 1-hour 1-hour CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 10 24-hour 24-hour JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 11 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 13 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 14 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 15 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 16 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 18 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 20 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 21 hypoxemic hypoxemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 457 23 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 2 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 3 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 5 full full JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 7 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 9 nearly nearly RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 10 full full JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 12 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 13 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 14 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 15 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 17 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 458 18 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 2 Neonatal Neonatal NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 3 Inhaled Inhaled NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 4 Nitric Nitric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 5 Oxide Oxide NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 6 Study Study NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 7 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 8 Inhaled Inhaled NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 9 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 10 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 13 neonate neonate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 14 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 15 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 16 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 17 Low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 18 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 19 dose dose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 20 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 21 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 22 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 23 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 24 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 26 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 27 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 28 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 29 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 459 30 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 1 Clinical Clinical NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 2 Inhaled Inhaled NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 3 Nitric Nitric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 4 Oxide Oxide NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 5 Research Research NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 6 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 7 Effects Effects NNPS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 9 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 10 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 11 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 13 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 14 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 15 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 17 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 18 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 19 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 20 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 22 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 23 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 24 phase phase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 25 II II NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 26 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 460 27 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 2 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 3 Oxide Oxide NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 5 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 6 Study Study NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 7 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 8 Multicenter Multicenter NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 9 randomized randomize VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 10 controlled control VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 11 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 14 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 16 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 17 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 18 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 19 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 20 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 21 gas gas NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 22 exchange exchange NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 24 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 25 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 26 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 27 hypoxemic hypoxemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 461 29 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 2 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 3 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 4 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 5 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 6 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 9 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 11 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 12 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 13 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 14 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 15 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 16 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 17 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 20 lungs lung NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 21 due due JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 22 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 23 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 24 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 25 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 26 oligohydramnios oligohydramnios NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 27 Randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 29 multicenter multicenter JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 30 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 31 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 32 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 33 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 34 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 35 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 36 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 37 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 38 frequency frequency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 39 oscillatory oscillatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 40 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 41 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 42 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 43 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 44 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 46 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 47 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 48 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 49 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 50 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 51 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 52 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 53 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 54 Inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 55 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 56 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 57 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 58 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 59 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 60 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 61 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 62 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 63 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 462 64 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 463 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 463 2 Inhaled Inhaled NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 463 3 Nitric Nitric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 463 4 Oxide Oxide NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 463 5 Study Study NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 463 6 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 2 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 4 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 5 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 6 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 7 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 8 postoperative postoperative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 10 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 12 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 13 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 14 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 15 undergoing undergo VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 16 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 17 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 18 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 19 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 20 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 21 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 22 Inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 23 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 24 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 26 premature premature JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 27 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 28 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 29 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 30 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 31 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 32 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 33 Inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 34 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 35 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 37 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 38 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 39 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 40 alkalosis alkalosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 41 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 42 dose dose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 43 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 44 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 45 interactions interaction NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 46 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 47 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 48 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 49 model model NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 50 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 51 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 52 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 53 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 54 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 55 nitroprusside nitroprusside NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 56 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 57 dopamine dopamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 58 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 59 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 60 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 61 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 62 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 63 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 64 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 65 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 66 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 67 Comparison comparison NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 68 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 69 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 70 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 71 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 72 E1 e1 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 73 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 74 nitroprusside nitroprusside NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 75 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 76 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 77 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 78 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 79 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 80 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 81 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 82 open open JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 83 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 84 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 85 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 86 Hemodynamic Hemodynamic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 87 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 88 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 89 nifedipine nifedipine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 90 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 91 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 92 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 93 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 94 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 95 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 96 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 464 97 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 1 Cardiovasc Cardiovasc NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 2 Does do VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 3 prostacyclin prostacyclin RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 4 enhance enhance VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 6 selective selective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 8 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 9 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 11 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 13 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 14 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 15 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 16 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 17 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 465 18 ? ? . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 1 Hemodynamic Hemodynamic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 2 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 4 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 5 E1 e1 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 7 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 8 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 9 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 10 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 11 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 15 Comparison comparison NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 16 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 17 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 18 E1 e1 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 19 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 20 epoprostenol epoprostenol NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 22 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 25 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 26 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 27 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 28 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 29 Use Use NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 30 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 31 ATP ATP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 32 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 33 MgCl2 mgcl2 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 34 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 35 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 36 evaluation evaluation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 37 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 38 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 39 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 40 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 41 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 42 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 43 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 44 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 45 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 46 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 47 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 466 48 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 1 Refractory refractory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 2 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 3 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 4 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 5 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 7 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 8 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 9 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 10 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 11 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 12 limitations limitation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 14 tolazoline tolazoline NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 15 Hemodynamic Hemodynamic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 16 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 19 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 20 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 21 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 22 vasodilators vasodilator NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 23 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 24 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 25 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 26 Comparative Comparative NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 27 studies study NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 28 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 29 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 30 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 31 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 33 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 34 E1 e1 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 35 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 37 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 38 tolazoline tolazoline VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 39 upon upon IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 40 elevated elevated JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 41 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 42 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 43 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 44 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 45 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 46 swine swine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 47 Comparison comparison NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 48 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 49 ketanserin ketanserin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 50 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 467 51 sodium sodium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 1 nitroprusside nitroprusside RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 2 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 3 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 4 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 5 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 6 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 7 Prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 8 E1 e1 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 9 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 10 nitroglycerin nitroglycerin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 11 reduce reduce VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 13 capillary capillary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 14 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 15 but but CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 16 worsen worsen VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 17 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 18 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 19 perfusion perfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 20 distributions distribution NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 22 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 23 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 24 adult adult JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 25 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 26 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 468 27 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 2 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 4 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 6 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 7 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 8 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 10 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 11 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 12 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 13 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 469 14 correlations correlation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 1 Prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 2 E1 e1 NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 5 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 7 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 8 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 470 9 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 1 Benefi Benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 2 t t NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 3 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 5 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 7 cost cost NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 8 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 10 gas gas NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 11 exchange exchange NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 12 Prostacyclin Prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 13 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 14 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 15 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 18 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 19 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 20 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 21 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 23 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 24 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 25 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 26 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 27 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 29 capillary capillary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 30 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 31 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 32 ventilation ventilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 33 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 34 perfusion perfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 471 35 distributions distribution NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 3 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 4 safe safe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 5 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 6 effective effective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 7 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 9 affordable affordable JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 11 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 12 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 16 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 17 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 18 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 19 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 20 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 21 refractory refractory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 22 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 23 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 24 cardiothoracic cardiothoracic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 472 25 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 2 epoprostenol epoprostenol NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 4 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 6 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 9 before before IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 10 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 473 11 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 3 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 4 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 5 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 7 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 10 refractory refractory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 11 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 12 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 13 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 474 14 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 2 use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 4 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 5 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 7 nitroprusside nitroprusside JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 8 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 9 resistant resistant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 11 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 475 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 4 PGI2 PGI2 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 6 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 7 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 8 effective effective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 9 addition addition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 10 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 12 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 17 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 18 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 19 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 20 operating operating NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 21 room room NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 23 intensive intensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 24 care care NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 25 unit unit NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 26 Aerosolized aerosolize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 27 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 29 epoprostenol epoprostenol NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 31 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 32 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 33 alternative alternative NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 34 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 35 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 36 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 37 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 38 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 39 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 40 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 41 reperfusion reperfusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 42 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 43 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 44 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 45 transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 46 Inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 47 aerosolized aerosolize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 48 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 49 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 50 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 51 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 52 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 53 anesthesia anesthesia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 54 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 55 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 56 transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 57 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 58 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 59 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 60 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 61 analogue analogue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 62 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 63 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 64 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 65 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 66 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 67 Dose dose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 68 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 69 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 70 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 71 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 72 aerosolized aerosolize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 73 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 74 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 75 hypoxemia hypoxemia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 76 due due IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 77 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 476 78 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 4 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 5 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 477 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 4 iloprost iloprost NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 6 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 10 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 11 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 12 fi fi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 13 brosis brosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 14 Cyclic cyclic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 16 phosphodiesterases phosphodiesterase NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 478 17 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 479 1 functional functional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 479 2 implications implication NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 479 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 1 multiple multiple JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 2 isoforms isoform NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 3 Milrinone Milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 4 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 5 both both DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 7 arterial arterial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 9 venous venous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 10 resistances resistance NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 13 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 14 dog dog NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 15 Van Van NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 16 Trigt Trigt NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 17 P p NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 18 3rd 3rd NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 480 19 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 1 Milrinone Milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 2 improves improve VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 3 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 4 hemodynamics hemodynamic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 5 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 6 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 7 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 8 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 10 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 13 Hemodynamic Hemodynamic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 15 inotropic inotropic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 16 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 18 milrinone milrinone NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 19 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 20 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 21 transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 22 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 23 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 24 setting setting NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 26 recipient recipient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 27 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 28 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 29 Milrinone Milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 30 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 31 systemic systemic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 32 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 34 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 35 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 36 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 37 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 38 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 39 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 40 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 41 Effi Effi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 42 cacy cacy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 43 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 44 safety safety NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 45 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 46 milrinone milrinone NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 47 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 48 preventing prevent VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 49 low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 50 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 51 output output NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 52 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 53 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 54 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 55 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 56 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 57 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 58 corrective corrective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 59 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 60 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 61 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 62 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 63 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 64 Sildenafi Sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 65 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 66 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 67 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 68 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 69 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 70 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 481 71 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 1 Benefi Benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 2 cial cial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 3 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 5 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 6 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 7 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 8 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 9 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 10 childhood childhood NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 12 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 14 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 15 twelve twelve CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 16 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 17 month month NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 19 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 21 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 22 single single JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 23 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 24 drug drug NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 26 open open JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 27 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 28 label label NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 29 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 30 pilot pilot NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 31 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 32 Interaction Interaction NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 33 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 34 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 35 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 36 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 37 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 38 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 39 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 40 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 41 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 42 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 43 porcine porcine JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 44 model model NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 45 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 46 meconium meconium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 47 aspiration aspiration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 48 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 49 Intravenous Intravenous NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 50 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 51 l l NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 52 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 53 inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 54 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 55 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 56 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 57 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 58 randomised randomised JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 59 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 60 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 61 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 62 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 63 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 64 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 65 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 66 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 67 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 68 dual dual JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 69 endothelin endothelin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 70 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 71 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 72 antagonist antagonist NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 73 bosentan bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 74 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 75 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 76 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 77 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 78 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 79 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 80 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 81 randomised randomised JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 82 placebocontrolled placebocontrolled JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 83 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 84 Bosentan Bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 85 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 86 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 87 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 88 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 89 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 90 Surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 91 implications implication NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 92 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 93 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 94 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 95 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 96 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 97 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 482 98 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 2 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 4 dopamine dopamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 5 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 6 isoproterenol isoproterenol NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 7 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 10 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 11 Acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 12 circulatory circulatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 13 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 15 dopamine dopamine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 17 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 18 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 20 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 21 Dobutamine Dobutamine NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 22 pharmacokinetics pharmacokinetic NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 23 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 24 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 25 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 27 critically critically RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 28 ill ill JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 29 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 30 Dobutamine Dobutamine NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 31 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 32 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 33 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 34 evaluation evaluation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 35 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 36 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 37 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 38 shock shock NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 39 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 40 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 41 vasoactive vasoactive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 42 drugs drug NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 43 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 44 thromboxane thromboxane NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 45 A2 A2 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 46 mimetic mimetic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 47 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 48 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 49 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 50 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 51 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 52 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 53 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 54 Factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 55 that that IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 56 infl infl XX cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 57 uence uence NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 58 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 59 outcome outcome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 60 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 61 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 62 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 63 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 64 Atrial Atrial NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 65 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 66 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 67 palliative palliative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 68 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 69 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 70 refractory refractory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 71 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 72 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 73 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 74 Double double JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 75 balloon balloon NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 76 technique technique NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 77 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 78 dilation dilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 79 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 80 valvular valvular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 81 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 82 vessel vessel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 83 stenosis stenosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 84 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 85 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 86 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 87 acquired acquire VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 88 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 483 89 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 1 Successful successful JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 2 palliation palliation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 4 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 6 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 7 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 8 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 9 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 10 Blade Blade NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 11 balloon balloon NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 12 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 13 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 14 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 15 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 16 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 17 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 18 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 20 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 21 Graded grade VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 22 balloon balloon NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 23 dilation dilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 24 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 25 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 27 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 28 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 29 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 30 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 484 31 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 2 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 3 alternative alternative NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 4 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 5 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 6 nonresponsive nonresponsive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 7 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 8 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 9 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 10 Long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 12 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 13 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 15 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 16 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 17 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 18 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 19 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 20 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 485 21 epoprostenol epoprostenol NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 2 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 4 Survival Survival NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 6 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 9 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 10 long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 12 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 13 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 14 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 486 15 prostacyclin prostacyclin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 2 comparison comparison NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 4 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 5 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 6 epoprostenol epoprostenol NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 8 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 11 conventional conventional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 12 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 13 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 14 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 16 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 487 17 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 2 Primary Primary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 3 Pulmonary Pulmonary NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 4 Hypertension Hypertension NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 5 Study Study NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 6 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 7 Primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 10 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 11 improved improve VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 12 long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 13 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 14 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 15 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 16 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 17 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 18 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 19 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 20 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 21 epoprostenol epoprostenol NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 22 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 23 Reduction reduction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 26 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 27 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 28 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 29 long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 30 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 31 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 32 epoprostenol epoprostenol NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 34 prostacyclin prostacyclin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 36 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 37 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 38 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 39 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 40 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 41 Vasodilator Vasodilator NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 42 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 43 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 44 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 45 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 46 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 47 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 488 48 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 489 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 489 2 arterial arterial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 489 3 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 489 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 489 5 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 1 Survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 2 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 3 fi fi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 4 rst rst JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 5 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 6 line line NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 7 bosentan bosentan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 9 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 11 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 14 Treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 16 rebound rebound NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 18 chronic chronic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 20 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 21 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 22 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 23 sildenafi sildenafi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 24 l l NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 25 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 26 an an DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 27 infant infant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 28 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 29 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 30 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 31 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 32 Ventilatory ventilatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 33 predictors predictor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 34 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 35 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 36 hypoplasia hypoplasia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 37 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 38 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 39 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 40 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 41 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 42 confi confi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 43 rmed rme VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 44 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 45 morphologic morphologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 490 46 assessment assessment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 1 Unsuspected unsuspected JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 3 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 4 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 5 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 6 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 7 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 8 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 9 Morphologic morphologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 10 analysis analysis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 14 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 15 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 17 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 18 left left JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 19 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 20 sided sided JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 21 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 22 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 23 Mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 24 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 25 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 26 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 27 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 28 Vasodilator Vasodilator NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 29 response response NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 30 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 31 prediction prediction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 33 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 34 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 35 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 36 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 37 hernia hernia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 38 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 39 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 40 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 41 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 42 perinatal perinatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 43 aspiration aspiration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 491 44 syndromes syndrome NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 1 beta beta JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 2 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 3 hemolytic hemolytic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 4 streptococcal streptococcal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 5 infection infection NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 6 appearing appear VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 7 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 8 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 9 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 10 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 11 Persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 14 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 15 assessment assessment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 17 perinatal perinatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 18 risk risk NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 492 19 factors factor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 1 Umbilical umbilical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 2 cord cord NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 3 compression compression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 4 produces produce VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 6 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 8 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 9 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 10 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 11 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 12 model model NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 13 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 14 study study VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 16 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 18 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 20 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 22 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 23 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 24 Hemodynamic Hemodynamic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 25 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 26 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 27 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 29 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 30 myocardial myocardial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 31 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 32 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 33 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 34 pharmacologic pharmacologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 35 constriction constriction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 36 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 37 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 38 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 39 ductus ductus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 40 arteriosus arteriosus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 493 41 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 2 possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 4 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 5 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 9 transient transient JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 10 tricuspid tricuspid JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 11 insufficiency insufficiency NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 14 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 494 15 infant infant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 495 1 Ligating Ligating NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 1 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 2 ductus ductus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 3 arteriosus arteriosus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 4 before before IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 5 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 6 causes cause VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 7 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 11 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 12 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 496 13 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 1 Ligating ligate VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 2 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 3 ductus ductus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 4 arteriosus arteriosus NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 5 before before IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 6 birth birth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 497 7 remodels remodel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 1 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 3 vasculature vasculature NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 5 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 6 lamb lamb NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 7 Chronic Chronic NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 11 utero utero NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 12 impairs impair VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 13 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 14 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 498 16 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 499 1 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 499 2 endothelial endothelial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 1 NO no DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 2 synthase synthase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 3 gene gene NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 4 expression expression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 5 is be VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 6 decreased decrease VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 8 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 9 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 500 12 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 1 Possible possible JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 2 association association NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 3 between between IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 4 maternal maternal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 5 indomethacin indomethacin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 6 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 8 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 10 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 12 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 13 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 14 Morphologic morphologic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 15 analysis analysis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 17 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 19 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 20 bed bed NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 22 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 23 exposed expose VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 24 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 25 utero utero NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 26 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 27 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 28 synthetase synthetase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 501 29 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 2 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 3 application application NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 5 end end NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 6 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 7 expiratory expiratory NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 8 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 10 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 11 meconium meconium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 12 aspiration aspiration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 13 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 14 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 15 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 16 PEEP peep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 17 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 18 tolazoline tolazoline NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 19 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 20 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 22 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 23 inert inert JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 24 gas gas NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 25 exchange exchange NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 27 experimental experimental JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 28 meconium meconium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 29 aspiration aspiration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 30 Surfactant Surfactant NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 31 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 32 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 33 full full JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 34 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 35 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 36 newborns newborn NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 37 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 38 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 39 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 40 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 41 paralysis paralysis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 42 to to TO cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 43 improve improve VB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 44 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 45 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 46 mortality mortality NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 47 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 48 large large JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 49 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 50 infants infant NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 51 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 52 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 53 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 54 National national JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 55 experience experience NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 56 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 57 extracorporeal extracorporeal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 58 membrane membrane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 59 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 60 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 61 newborn newborn JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 62 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 63 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 502 64 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 503 1 Data datum NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 503 2 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 503 3 715 715 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 503 4 cases case NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 1 Extracorporeal extracorporeal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 2 membrane membrane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 3 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 4 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 5 conventional conventional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 6 medical medical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 7 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 9 neonates neonate NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 11 persistent persistent JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 12 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 13 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 15 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 16 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 504 17 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 1 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 2 prospective prospective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 3 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 4 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 5 Extracorporeal extracorporeal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 6 membrane membrane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 7 oxygenation oxygenation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 8 trials trial NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 9 ECMO ECMO NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 10 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 11 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 505 13 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 3 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 4 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 5 remodeling remodeling NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 7 growth growth NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 9 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 506 10 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 507 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 507 2 1978 1978 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 507 3 J. J. NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 507 4 Burns Burns NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 507 5 Amberson Amberson NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 507 6 lecture lecture NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 1 Vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 2 structure structure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 3 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 4 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 5 tissue tissue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 6 obtained obtain VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 7 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 8 biopsy biopsy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 9 correlated correlate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 11 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 12 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 13 fi fi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 14 ndings nding NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 15 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 16 repair repair NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 18 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 19 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 508 20 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 1 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 2 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 3 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 6 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 8 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 9 newborn newborn NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 11 aortic aortic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 12 atresia atresia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 13 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 14 stenosis stenosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 15 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 16 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 509 17 coarctation coarctation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 2 pathology pathology NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 4 hypertensive hypertensive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 5 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 6 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 7 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 8 ; ; : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 9 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 10 description description NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 11 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 12 six six CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 13 grades grade NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 14 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 15 structural structural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 16 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 17 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 18 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 19 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 20 arteries artery NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 21 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 22 special special JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 23 reference reference NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 24 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 25 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 26 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 27 septal septal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 28 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 29 Down down IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 30 's 's POS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 31 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 33 complete complete JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 34 atrioventricular atrioventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 35 canal canal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 36 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 37 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 38 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 39 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 40 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 41 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 42 Effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 43 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 44 surgical surgical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 45 closure closure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 46 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 47 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 48 septal septal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 49 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 50 upon upon IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 51 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 52 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 53 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 54 Use use NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 55 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 56 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 57 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 58 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 59 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 60 acetylcholine acetylcholine NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 61 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 62 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 63 evaluation evaluation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 64 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 65 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 66 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 67 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 68 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 69 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 70 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 71 cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 72 bypass bypass NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 73 Combined combine VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 74 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 75 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 76 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 77 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 78 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 79 oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 80 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 81 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 82 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 83 vasodilator vasodilator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 84 testing testing NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 85 Inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 86 Nitric Nitric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 87 Oxide Oxide NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 88 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 89 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 90 Preoperative Preoperative NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 91 Test test NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 92 ( ( -LRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 93 INOP INOP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 94 Test test NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 95 I i NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 96 ) ) -RRB- cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 97 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 98 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 99 INOP INOP NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 100 Test Test NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 101 Study Study NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 102 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 103 Inhaled Inhaled NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 104 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 105 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 106 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 107 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 108 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 510 109 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 2 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 3 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 4 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 5 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 6 Fontan Fontan NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 7 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 8 type type NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 9 operations operation NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 10 Inhaled inhale VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 11 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 12 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 13 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 14 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 15 cardiac cardiac NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 511 16 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 2 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 3 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 4 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 5 prevention prevention NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 7 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 8 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 9 after after IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 10 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 11 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 12 surgery surgery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 13 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 15 randomised randomised JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 16 double double JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 17 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 18 blind blind JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 19 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 20 Clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 21 classifi classifi NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 22 cation cation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 23 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 24 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 25 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 26 Survival Survival NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 28 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 29 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 30 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 32 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 512 33 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 1 Results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 2 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 3 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 4 national national JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 5 prospective prospective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 6 registry registry NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 7 Comparison comparison NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 9 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 10 plexogenic plexogenic NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 11 arteriopathy arteriopathy FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 12 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 13 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 14 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 15 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 513 16 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 2 morphometric morphometric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 3 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 4 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 5 40 40 CD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 6 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 7 Primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 9 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 10 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 11 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 12 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 14 characterization characterization NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 15 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 514 16 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 515 1 Primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 515 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 515 3 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 515 4 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 2 national national JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 3 prospective prospective JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 4 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 5 Relation Relation NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 7 arachidonate arachidonate NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 8 metabolites metabolite NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 9 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 10 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 11 control control NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 13 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 14 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 15 circulation circulation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 16 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 17 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 18 child child NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 19 Practical practical JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 20 method method NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 21 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 22 quantifying quantify VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 23 hearing hear VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 24 aid aid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 25 benefi benefi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 26 t t NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 27 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 28 older old JJR cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 29 adults adult NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 30 Increased increase VBD cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 31 plasma plasma NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 32 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 33 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 34 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 35 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 516 36 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 517 1 marker marker NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 517 2 or or CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 517 3 mediator mediator NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 517 4 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 517 5 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 517 6 ? ? . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 1 Nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 2 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 4 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 518 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 1 Dysfunctional dysfunctional JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 2 voltage voltage NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 3 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 4 gated gate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 5 K+ k+ JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 6 channels channel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 7 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 9 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 10 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 11 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 12 cells cell NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 14 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 15 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 16 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 18 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 19 Abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 20 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 21 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 22 VIII VIII NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 23 associated associate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 24 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 25 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 26 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 27 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 28 congenital congenital JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 29 heart heart NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 30 defects defect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 31 von von NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 32 Willebrand Willebrand NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 33 factor factor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 34 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 35 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 36 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 37 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 38 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 39 Primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 40 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 41 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 42 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 43 natural natural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 44 history history NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 45 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 46 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 47 importance importance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 48 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 519 49 thrombosis thrombosis NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 2 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 4 anticoagulant anticoagulant JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 5 therapy therapy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 6 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 7 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 8 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 9 anorectic anorectic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 10 drug drug NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 11 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 12 induced induce VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 15 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 16 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 17 hypoxic hypoxic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 19 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 20 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 21 heparins heparin NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 22 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 520 23 differing differ VBG cord-019001-ralxw4ad 521 1 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 521 2 vitro vitro FW cord-019001-ralxw4ad 521 3 antiproliferative antiproliferative NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 521 4 potency potency NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 2 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 3 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 4 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 5 doses dose NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 7 calciumchannel calciumchannel NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 8 blockers blocker NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 9 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 10 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 12 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 13 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 14 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 15 Short short JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 16 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 17 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 18 hemodynamic hemodynamic JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 19 effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 20 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 21 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 22 new new JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 23 oral oral JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 24 PGI2 PGI2 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 25 analogue analogue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 26 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 27 beraprost beraprost NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 28 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 29 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 30 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 31 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 32 secondary secondary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 33 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 34 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 35 Effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 36 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 37 orally orally RB cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 38 active active JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 39 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 40 analogue analogue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 41 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 42 survival survival NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 43 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 44 outpatients outpatient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 45 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 46 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 47 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 48 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 49 Long long JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 50 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 51 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 52 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 53 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 54 primary primary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 55 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 56 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 57 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 58 aerosolized aerosolize VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 59 iloprost iloprost NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 60 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 61 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 62 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 63 analogue analogue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 64 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 65 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 66 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 67 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 68 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 69 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 70 continuous continuous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 71 infusion infusion NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 72 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 73 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 74 prostacyclin prostacyclin JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 75 analogue analogue NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 522 76 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 523 1 iloprost iloprost NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 2 short short JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 3 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 4 term term NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 5 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 6 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 7 digoxin digoxin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 9 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 10 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 11 right right JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 12 ventricular ventricular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 13 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 14 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 15 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 16 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 17 Elastase Elastase NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 18 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 19 matrix matrix NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 20 metalloproteinase metalloproteinase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 21 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 22 induce induce VBP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 23 regression regression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 24 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 25 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 26 tenascin tenascin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 27 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 28 C c NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 29 antisense antisense NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 30 prevents prevent VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 31 progression progression NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 32 , , , cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 33 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 34 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 35 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 36 Complete complete JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 37 reversal reversal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 38 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 39 fatal fatal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 40 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 41 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 42 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 43 rats rat NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 44 by by IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 45 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 46 serine serine JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 47 elastase elastase NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 48 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 49 Role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 50 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 51 atrial atrial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 52 septostomy septostomy NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 53 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 54 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 55 treatment treatment NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 56 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 57 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 58 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 59 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 60 Paediatric paediatric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 61 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 62 transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 63 Lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 64 transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 65 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 66 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 67 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 68 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 69 Registry registry NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 70 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 71 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 72 International International NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 73 Society Society NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 74 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 75 Heart Heart NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 76 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 77 Lung Lung NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 78 Transplantation transplantation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 524 79 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 1 seventh seventh JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 2 offi offi NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 3 cial cial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 4 pediatric pediatric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 5 report-2004 report-2004 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 6 Reversal reversal NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 7 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 8 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 9 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 10 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 525 11 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 1 Lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 2 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 3 smooth smooth JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 4 muscle muscle NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 5 as as IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 6 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 7 determinant determinant NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 8 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 10 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 11 at at IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 12 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 526 13 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 1 Endothelial endothelial JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 2 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 3 subintimal subintimal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 4 changes change NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 5 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 6 rat rat NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 7 hilar hilar JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 9 artery artery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 10 during during IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 11 recovery recovery NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 12 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 13 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 527 14 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 1 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 2 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 3 ultrastructural ultrastructural JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 4 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 5 Abnormal abnormal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 6 circulatory circulatory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 7 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 8 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 9 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 10 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 11 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 12 subjects subject NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 13 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 14 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 15 previous previous JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 16 history history NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 17 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 18 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 19 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 20 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 21 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 22 edema edema NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 23 Association Association NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 24 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 25 high high JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 26 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 27 altitude altitude NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 28 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 29 edema edema NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 30 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 31 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 32 major major JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 33 histocompatibility histocompatibility NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 34 complex complex JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 35 Oxygen oxygen NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 36 causes cause VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 37 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 38 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 39 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 40 through through IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 41 activation activation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 42 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 43 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 44 calciumdependent calciumdependent NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 45 potassium potassium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 46 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 47 Isolated isolate VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 48 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 49 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 50 vessels vessel NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 51 from from IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 52 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 53 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 528 54 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 1 Contractile Contractile NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 2 behavior behavior NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 3 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 4 responses response NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 5 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 6 indomethacin indomethacin NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 529 8 endothelin-1 endothelin-1 NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 1 Endothelin Endothelin NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 2 A a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 3 receptor receptor NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 4 blockade blockade NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 5 decreases decrease VBZ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 6 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 7 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 8 resistance resistance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 9 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 10 premature premature JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 11 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 12 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 13 hyaline hyaline JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 14 membrane membrane NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 15 disease disease NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 16 K+ K+ NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 17 channel channel NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 19 vasodilation vasodilation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 20 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 21 fetal fetal JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 22 lambs lamb NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 23 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 24 role role NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 25 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 26 endothelium endothelium NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 27 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 28 derived derive VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 29 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 530 30 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 2 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 4 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 6 Pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 7 hypertension hypertension NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 8 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 9 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 10 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 531 12 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 2 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 3 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 4 lesions lesion NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 6 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 7 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 9 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 10 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 11 Effect effect NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 12 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 13 increased increase VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 14 vascular vascular JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 15 pressure pressure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 16 on on IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 17 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 18 fl fl NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 19 uid uid NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 20 balance balance NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 21 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 22 unanesthetized unanesthetized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 23 sheep sheep NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 24 Biventricular Biventricular NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 25 function function NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 26 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 27 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 28 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 30 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 31 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 32 Cardiopulmonary cardiopulmonary JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 33 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 34 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 35 severe severe JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 36 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 532 38 failure failure NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 533 1 Inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 533 2 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 533 3 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 533 4 for for IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 1 the the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 2 adult adult NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 4 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 6 Acute acute NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 7 and and CC cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 8 sustained sustained JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 9 effects effect NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 10 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 11 early early JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 12 administration administration NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 13 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 14 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 15 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 16 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 17 to to IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 18 children child NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 19 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 20 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 22 distress distress NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 23 syndrome syndrome NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 24 Low low JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 25 - - HYPH cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 26 dose dose NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 27 inhaled inhale VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 28 nitric nitric JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 29 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 30 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 31 patients patient NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 32 with with IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 33 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 34 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 35 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 36 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 37 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 38 randomized randomized JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 39 controlled control VBN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 40 trial trial NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 41 Inhalation inhalation NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 42 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 43 nitric nitric NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 44 oxide oxide NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 45 in in IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 46 acute acute JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 47 lung lung NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 48 injury injury NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 49 : : : cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 50 results result NNS cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 51 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 52 a a DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 53 European european JJ cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 54 multicentre multicentre NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 55 study study NN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 534 56 . . . cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 1 The the DT cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 2 European European NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 3 Study Study NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 4 Group Group NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 5 of of IN cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 6 Inhaled Inhaled NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 7 Nitric Nitric NNP cord-019001-ralxw4ad 535 8 Oxide Oxide NNP