Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 40 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2988 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 40 resident 17 COVID-19 7 covid-19 3 program 2 SARS 2 ICU 1 triage 1 test 1 team 1 surgical 1 stage 1 site 1 residency 1 pandemic 1 nature 1 medical 1 learning 1 knowledge 1 intervention 1 home 1 health 1 garden 1 exam 1 education 1 curriculum 1 covid 1 cortisol 1 competency 1 burnout 1 Urology 1 Roe 1 PRITE 1 PPE 1 OHNS 1 Netherlands 1 Medicine 1 GAD-7 1 Emergency 1 ACGME Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 1757 resident 797 % 546 program 492 pandemic 393 training 386 patient 338 care 335 study 329 case 323 time 311 residency 286 education 218 hospital 203 health 201 response 199 home 198 experience 191 risk 180 survey 174 level 168 learning 163 change 162 faculty 161 curriculum 159 staff 159 datum 158 surgery 147 impact 145 nursing 145 number 142 practice 139 test 135 group 135 day 135 conference 132 work 131 result 131 question 127 participant 125 effect 125 activity 123 research 122 year 122 lecture 112 trainee 112 infection 111 exposure 109 volume 109 team 109 hour Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 552 COVID-19 87 PPE 82 SARS 79 • 61 al 55 Pandemic 55 March 55 ICU 55 Health 54 University 53 neurosurgery 53 Coronavirus 52 ACGME 51 CoV-2 48 et 48 Education 47 Medical 45 Surgery 45 American 44 Care 43 J 42 . 41 April 38 United 34 Resident 33 sha 32 States 32 Residency 32 Radiology 31 Table 31 Program 31 COVID 30 US 30 Medicine 29 urology 29 General 29 Disease 29 DOI 28 Likert 28 Board 27 Department 26 Italy 26 Impact 26 Hospital 25 Urology 25 New 24 Emergency 24 China 23 Training 23 A Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 447 we 256 it 192 they 80 them 43 i 38 us 21 you 17 themselves 9 he 7 one 7 me 7 itself 6 she 5 ourselves 3 her 2 myself 1 yourself 1 ours 1 mine 1 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08 1 herself 1 eco.2017.0044″,"abstract":"research 1 's Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 3507 be 993 have 287 use 273 include 250 provide 203 report 171 do 161 increase 152 base 121 allow 112 test 111 take 105 make 102 learn 102 assess 99 work 99 reduce 97 continue 93 give 91 regard 91 develop 89 consider 88 show 87 compare 85 require 82 maintain 82 find 80 associate 79 decrease 77 perform 75 improve 73 remain 73 need 72 relate 71 limit 71 affect 69 see 67 lead 67 follow 67 complete 67 attend 66 ensure 66 create 65 implement 60 receive 60 perceive 59 help 59 evaluate 58 involve 58 feel Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 455 not 337 resident 299 clinical 270 surgical 220 covid-19 217 well 216 also 211 medical 210 more 207 - 193 high 178 other 162 positive 136 such 134 virtual 134 only 122 educational 121 significant 113 social 111 most 102 many 102 as 100 online 100 first 100 different 99 new 99 asymptomatic 98 however 85 personal 84 long 83 operative 82 mental 81 general 79 didactic 77 physical 76 specific 75 senior 71 prior 70 patient 70 academic 68 available 67 low 66 current 62 significantly 62 additionally 61 non 60 large 58 possible 57 further 57 elective Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 most 29 good 24 Most 18 least 17 high 6 low 6 large 4 big 3 postt 2 great 2 early 2 bad 1 small 1 poor 1 old 1 easy 1 common 1 bright Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 64 most 11 least 5 well 1 lowest 1 highest 1 hard Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 doi.org 4 orcid.org 3 www.mendeley.com 1 www.dovepress.com 1 www.bjuinternational.com 1 www 1 thejns.org 1 surgeryinmotion-school.org 1 nyaua.com 1 intouchhealth.com 1 github.com 1 creativecommons.org Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 5 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.16.20176073 2 http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid= 2 http://doi.org//10.1080/ 1 http://www.mendeley.com/ 1 http://www.dovepress.com/testimonials.php 1 http://www.bjuinternational.com/podcasts 1 http://www 1 http://thejns.org/doi/abs/10.3171/2020.3.JNS20965 1 http://surgeryinmotion-school.org 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0592-6585 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-023X 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-4973 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0001 1 http://nyaua.com/empire/ 1 http://intouchhealth.com/?gdprorigin=true 1 http://github.com/citation-stylelanguage/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"} 1 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08 1 http://doi.org// 1 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 dennis.daniel@childrens.harvard.edu 1 bogdan.socea@umfcd.ro Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 patient is not 6 residents were not 5 residents do not 4 resident is not 4 study has several 3 covid-19 is not 3 programs are increasingly 3 residents are not 3 residents did not 3 residents were also 3 residents working remotely 3 training was irreversibly 2 experience performing phone 2 learning is not 2 program has not 2 programs have training 2 resident work weeks 2 residents are also 2 residents have also 2 residents reported anxiety 2 residents reported higher 2 residents was also 2 residents were more 2 residents were only 2 residents were satisfied 2 training was more 1 % had satisfactory 1 % have severe 1 % reported concern 1 % were concerned 1 % were negative 1 care are not 1 care includes risk 1 care including steps 1 care is impossible 1 care is paramount 1 care were still 1 case is then 1 case was no 1 cases has significantly 1 cases regarding patient 1 changes are alterations 1 changes are particularly 1 changes have negatively 1 changes included travel 1 covid-19 are many 1 covid-19 had negative 1 covid-19 had significantly 1 covid-19 increased exponentially 1 covid-19 is higher Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 patient is not contagious 3 resident is not contagious 1 care are not directly 1 case was no longer 1 education is no doubt 1 home was not more 1 learning is not necessarily 1 learning is not novel 1 resident is not yet 1 residents is not substantially 1 residents reported no effect 1 residents were not prepared 1 staff are not able 1 study had no funding A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-295391-e5it7nxl author = Alahmadi, Adel Salah title = Residents'' Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Saudi Ophthalmology Training Programs-A Survey date = 2020-11-03 keywords = COVID-19; pandemic; resident summary = title: Residents'' Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Saudi Ophthalmology Training Programs-A Survey PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of the current pandemic on ophthalmology residency training in Saudi Arabia, focusing on its effects on clinical education, training, and the mental well-being of the trainees. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted residents'' clinical and surgical training in the Saudi ophthalmology training programs. 6, 7 In addition to disruption in clinical and surgical teaching, didactic teaching programs such as grand rounds and lectures were administered through virtual platforms such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Cisco WebEx. We believed that ophthalmology residents had experienced remarkable limitations in their clinical training and surgical exposure due to these dramatic changes. The current cross-sectional study aimed to explore COVID-19 related experiences and perceptions of ophthalmology residents in various Saudi programs. We believe that COVID-19 had significantly impacted trainees'' mental health currently enrolled in the Saudi ophthalmology residency programs. doi = 10.2147/opth.s283073 id = cord-303000-tmk2c9eh author = Alhaj, Ahmad Kh. title = Neurosurgery Residents Perspective on the COVID-19: Knowledge, Readiness, and Impact of this Pandemic. date = 2020-05-16 keywords = covid-19; knowledge; resident summary = The aim is to identify the level of knowledge, readiness, and the impact of this virus among neurosurgery residents in different programs. To our best knowledge, this is the first study regarding the readiness of neurosurgery residents towards the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact it has on their training. The aim of this study is to identify the level of knowledge, readiness, practices, as well as the impact of this virus among neurosurgery residents in various neurosurgical programs. The final section (6 items) focuses on the impact of this pandemic on the resident in terms of neurosurgical training, studying, mental health, as well as whether their social life was affected or not. Table 3 demonstrates the association of this score about the virus with gender, age, year of residency training, location of the neurosurgery program. Our study is the first regarding the readiness of neurosurgery residents towards the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact it has on their training. doi = 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.087 id = cord-295096-pkcyorav author = Bambakidis, Nicholas C. title = Editorial. Impact of COVID-19 on neurosurgery resident training and education date = 2020-04-17 keywords = education; resident summary = When in-person didactics are canceled and surgical volume is significantly reduced, how does a program adapt education rapidly? In addition, with increasing concern for an inadequate supply of PPE, how do we as educators protect our residents from harm while knowing that their knowledge, experience, and grit are exactly what is necessary to help the medical workforce during this crisis? In March 2003, both medical schools in Hong Kong were forced to abruptly transition undergraduate medical education into a recorded lecture format, and students were taken out of clinical rotations until the new cases had ceased. 5 The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) reiterated that residents who are managing suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases should have adequate supervision by faculty who are trained in such protocols, which may impact the availability of supervision. doi = 10.3171/2020.3.jns20965 id = cord-331911-arif1ejj author = Barik, Sitanshu title = Insight into the changing patterns in clinical and academic activities of the orthopedic residents during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey date = 2020-09-14 keywords = covid-19; resident summary = There were a total of 44 single answer questions with answers according to the increasing difficulty at present situation compared to a previous time before the COVID-19 pandemic. Routine clinical work in the operating room, out-patient department, and inpatient department was found to be difficult according to the majority of the residents along with the anxiety of contracting the infection. All participants were also required to answer general questions about their age, current affiliation, the experience of treating COVID-19 positive patients, awareness about precautions while working in COVID-19 designated area including steps of donning and doffing personal protective equipment (PPE), history of quarantine, or taking COVID-19 tests and if anyone tested positive for the infection. The most important findings of the present study were that the orthopedic residents had been facing difficulties in performing routine OR, OPD, and IPD works during COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1007/s00167-020-06274-0 id = cord-348414-y6vh63xk author = Berger, W. R. title = Dutch cardiology residents and the COVID-19 pandemic: Every little thing counts in a crisis date = 2020-11-03 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = title: Dutch cardiology residents and the COVID-19 pandemic: Every little thing counts in a crisis The COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed healthcare systems worldwide, and a large part of regular cardiology care came to a quick halt. A Dutch nationwide survey showed that 41% of cardiology residents suspended their training and worked at COVID-19 cohort units for up to 3 months. Due to the very rapid and unprecedented increase of COVID-19 patients, the regular cardiology care came to a quick halt. Residents have shown flexibility in both the continuation of regular healthcare for the (acute) cardiac patient and dedicated care for COVID-19 patients. These future cardiologists, who conquered COVID-19 in the front-lines of healthcare with tremendous effort and flexibility, are well prepared for a great future in clinical care. Cardiovascular Considerations for Patients, Health Care Workers, and Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic doi = 10.1007/s12471-020-01519-6 id = cord-272995-yvj2pqh1 author = Bergman, Christian title = Recommendations for Welcoming Back Nursing Home Visitors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Delphi Panel date = 2020-10-07 keywords = COVID-19; resident; test summary = Regarding visitor guidance, the panel made five strong recommendations: 1) maintain strong infection prevention and control precautions, 2) facilitate indoor and outdoor visits, 3) allow limited physical contact with appropriate precautions, 4) assess individual residents'' care preferences and level of risk tolerance, and 5) dedicate an essential caregiver and extend the definition of compassionate care visits to include care that promotes psychosocial wellbeing of residents. We edited the final guidance statements for clarity, aiming to capture the consensus of the Delphi aspects of the following topics (see Table 1 ): testing of asymptomatic staff and residents, 111 surveillance testing, visitor guidance, immunity from prior COVID-19 infection and associated 112 risk of infecting others. The panel 144 strongly agreed on some preconditions that would be essential prior to welcoming back visitors, 145 such as universal masking for staff, sufficient disinfecting supplies, PPE, and written plans 146 around isolation, cohorting, screening, testing, and outbreak investigations. doi = 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.09.036 id = cord-288787-9g2vpdj3 author = Bitonti, Giovanna title = Being an Obstetrics and Gynaecology Resident during the COVID-19: Impact of the Pandemic on the residency training program date = 2020-08-01 keywords = covid-19; resident summary = OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the obstetrics and gynecology residency training program in Italy. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional survey study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the obstetrics and gynecology residency training program in Italy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the obstetrics and gynecology residency training program in Italy This was a cross-sectional survey study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the obstetrics and gynecology residency training program in Italy. This cross-sectional survey study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the obstetrics and gynecology residency training program in Italy. Findings from the survey showed that among Italian residents in obstetrics and gynecology, COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant training impairment. In summary, among Italian residents COVID-19 pandemic had a considerable negative impact on obstetrics and gynecology residency training program. doi = 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.07.057 id = cord-104462-1eppgxo2 author = Brungardt, Joseph G. title = Impact of COVID-19 Within a Midwestern General Surgery Residency date = 2020-07-10 keywords = resident summary = 1 Besides large-scale restructuring from "stay at home" directives and other measures, the Department of Surgery at the University of Kansas Medical Center in Kansas City implemented several measures and procedures to limit staff exposure, continue surgical care throughout the hospital, and create opportunities for learning for its surgical residents. Self-directed learning from question banks, textbooks, and literature review continues to be the crux of surgical resident education, with possibly more time available as surgical case load and clinical schedules lighten. To limit exposure further, the mid-level resident assumed responsibility for all patient contact in traumas, with the intern or senior available as a backup. The clinical education of our residents has continued, though at a distinctly decreased volume and pace, with the silver lining being in the care of the patients. As the stay-at-home orders begin to lift and elective surgeries begin to resume, it is difficult to predict the lasting impact this time will have on surgical resident education. doi = nan id = cord-348976-hgty4t7c author = Cai, Yi title = Otolaryngology Resident Practices and Perceptions in the Initial Phase of the U.S. COVID‐19 Pandemic date = 2020-05-12 keywords = OHNS; covid-19; resident summary = The high viral loads in the nasal 11 and oropharyngeal mucosa, along with our current understanding of the route of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) transmission 12 and anecdotal reports of disease transmission during aerosolizing procedures, place otolaryngologists at a higher risk for contracting COVID-19. 14, 15 Recent recommendations from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) and Society of University Otolaryngologists (SUO) necessitated changes to resident clinical responsibilities, rotation schedules, and PPE guidelines during this pandemic. Lastly, participants were asked about their concerns, satisfaction with their department response, and perceived level of risk for residents and attendings for contracting COVID-19. Satisfaction level was strongly correlated with comfort in communicating their concerns (r = 0.72, P < .00001) and inversely correlated with resident perception of increased risk of contracting COVID-19 relative to attendings (r = −0.52, P < .00001). doi = 10.1002/lary.28733 id = cord-265425-b2ryvctp author = Chong, Alice title = Radiology Residency Preparedness and Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-04-11 keywords = program; resident; stage summary = The aim of this article is to provide specific guidance for radiology residency program leadership to prepare and respond to residency-related impact from the pandemic, with focus on safety and education. At the Stage 3 pandemic emergency status, while requirements such as adequate resources and training (including infection protection), adequate supervision, and work hour requirements are in effect, other common program requirements and specialty-specific program requirements are suspended for ACGME-accredited programs to allow for the flexibility of physicians in the clinical care settings. To promote physical/social distancing, ensure the safety of residents, and allow for adequate reserve capacity, a number of residency programs, such as the University of California San Diego (UCSD) in California (resident number= 41 in diagnostic radiology, 10 in interventional Radiology) and Virginia Mason Medical Center (VMMC) in Seattle, Washington (resident number= 12 in diagnostic radiology) have divided the residents into two clinical groups, with one group reporting to clinical service, and the other assigned to home/distance learning; the two groups alternate every other week (one week on, one week off.) The resident group assigned to home/distance learning may be pulled to cover a resident on clinical rotation who becomes ill or needs to be quarantined. doi = 10.1016/j.acra.2020.04.001 id = cord-321088-5gu7rnhj author = Collins, Caitlin title = Stress and the Surgical Resident in the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-07-25 keywords = COVID-19; GAD-7; resident summary = The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on the surgical resident training experience, assess possible sources of stress or anxiety among surgery residents, and examine how patterns of anxiety vary by resident rank. DESIGN: We developed and disseminated a survey, which included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7), to all general and integrated plastic surgery residents in their clinical years of training at the University of California, San Francisco. We hypothesized that the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant surge planning required to prepare for it would have a marked impact on the surgical resident training experience and that the inflexible realities of this time would have a significant emotional toll on surgical residents across different ranks and hospital sites. Because we were interested in the impact of COVID-19 on clinically active surgical residents, general and plastic surgery residents in protected research years were excluded from the survey. doi = 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.07.031 id = cord-013443-x74uxdi4 author = Daniel, Dennis A. title = Pediatric Resident Engagement With an Online Critical Care Curriculum During the Intensive Care Rotation* date = 2020-06-25 keywords = ICU; resident; site summary = DESIGN: Prospective cohort study examining curriculum completion data and cross-referencing timestamps for preand posttest attempts with resident schedules to determine the hours that they accessed the curriculum and whether or not they were scheduled for clinical duty. For our ICU residents, we designed curricula that included short videos with pre-and posttests and hypothesized that residents would use these materials most frequently during breaks in patient care while on clinical duty. We collected curriculum completion data for each resident and timestamps for every pre-and the first posttest attempt that occurred during the ICU rotation and in the 14 days preceding. Our data show that residents will engage with online learning materials during and immediately prior to their ICU rotation but do so most often at nighttime and when off-duty, with a portion of use occurring during midnight and 6 am while offduty. doi = 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002477 id = cord-035176-oryjjoiw author = Detterline, Stephanie title = An internal medicine residency’s response to the COVID-19 crisis: caring for our residents while caring for our patients date = 2020-10-29 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = OBJECTIVE: Our large community hospital based internal medicine residency sought to develop and evaluate a crisis response to the demands of the COVID-19 pandemic to meet our residents'' educational and wellness needs. In the context of this system wide response, our IM residency program also initiated a crisis plan to meet the clinical needs of surging patient volumes as well as maintain education for our residents. We describe our residency''s response to the COVID-19 crisis along with our early outcome data as a contribution to what we expect to be a new body of scholarly work: how residencies might best navigate a worldwide pandemic that creates strains on healthcare systems and GME programs. Preliminary feedback from our residents indicates an overall positive evaluation of our crisis response to meet their well-being and educational needs during the first weeks of our system''s surge during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1080/20009666.2020.1807218 id = cord-327809-9uhhqasl author = Dimitriu, Mihai C.T. title = Burnout syndrome in Romanian medical residents in time of the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-06-07 keywords = burnout; medical; resident summary = A study in China, comparing burnout of front line workers with that of normal ward staff, in COVID context, used Maslach questionnaire for medical workers and the results were interesting and quite unexpected [3] . The aim of our study was to compare the frequency of burnout syndrome between medical residents considered to work on the front line (emergency unit, radiology and intensive care unit) and those working in normal hospital wards (surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, obstetrics). The burnout was significantly more frequent in normal wards workers (lot B) (prevalence 86%) compared to medical residents working in places that we considered front-line departments: emergency unit, radiology, including CT/MRI department and intensive care unit -lot A in our study, that showed a prevalence of burnout of only 66% (p<0.05, from chi-square statistic test) (table 2). doi = 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109972 id = cord-337186-5zwt2bfo author = Fero, Katherine E. title = Perceived Impact of Urologic Surgery Training Program Modifications due to COVID-19 in the United States date = 2020-06-06 keywords = covid-19; program; resident summary = Respondents reported decreased surgical volume (83%-100% varying by subspecialty), increased use of telehealth (99%), a transition to virtual educational platforms (95%) and decreased size of inpatient resident teams (90%). Significantly more respondents from high COVID-19 regions reported decreased emergency urologic surgical volume (76% vs 22%, p = 0.01) and cancelled educational activities (11% vs 1%, p < 0.01). A significantly larger proportion of respondents in high COVID-19 regions reported urology trainees caring for COVID-19 patients (91% vs 7%, p= 0.03), being re-deployed (37% vs 11%, p<0.01), and being required to stay at home due to sickness or exposure (78% vs 20%, p <0.01). In the months after the emergence of COVID-19, US urology residency programs underwent significant modifications including decreased surgical and ambulatory volume, increased use of telehealth, increased educational activities via virtual platforms and significant workforce restructuring. doi = 10.1016/j.urology.2020.05.051 id = cord-303731-yrlzxtbw author = Fong, Raymond title = Management of Dysphagia in Nursing Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strategies and Experiences date = 2020-08-18 keywords = covid-19; home; resident summary = The global 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has had devastating effects not only on healthcare systems worldwide but also on different aspects of the care provided to nursing home residents. This article has summarised the actions taken in this regard and may serve as a reference to clinicians who are responsible for swallowing assessments and dysphagia management in nursing homes. Residents who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 were assessed after discharged to the nursing home as patients with COVID-19 were considered at high risk for oropharyngeal dysphagia [18] , especially those who have been previously intubated [19] . Therefore, standard and at-risk residents should be considered differently with respect to dysphagia assessments and management and personal protective equipment usage. Consequently, a surge in the use of telepractice for dysphagia management in nursing home settings was not observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1007/s42399-020-00464-0 id = cord-301514-yo2ebphy author = Holten, John title = The Radiology Resident Experience at a Large Tertiary Care Hospital During the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-09-29 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges in healthcare including pressure to provide efficient and timely patient care while maintaining a safe environment for physicians and staff. We found the Review and Commentary Perspective "Chest CT Findings in 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Infections from Wuhan, China: Key Points for the Radiologist" by Jeffrey Kanne especially helpful for us to get a sense for how COVID-19 pneumonia presents before cases at our own institution began to rise. Working closely with the hospital administration and the department of pulmonology, the radiology department created a standardized process for imaging patients with clinical suspicion for COVID-19. 10 In accordance with this principle, our department rapidly implemented changes to provide the highest quality care for our patients and assistance to our clinical teams while minimizing the exposure risk to our residents. doi = 10.1177/2382120520963036 id = cord-340887-k88hchau author = Khusid, Johnathan A. title = Well‐Being and Education of Urology Residents During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: Results of an American National Survey date = 2020-05-27 keywords = COVID-19; PPE; resident summary = To address this gap, in the current study we aim to assess the well-being, clinical practice, and education of urology residents throughout the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic through the use of an anonymous survey. Potential risk factors included: resident age, gender identity, level of training, practice setting (urban/suburban/rural), AUA geographical section, perception of local COVID-19 severity (Likert), marital status, children, perceived household susceptibility to disease (Likert), history of COVID-19 symptoms, months of intensive care unit training, redeployment status, perceptions of availability of PPE (Likert) and COVID-19 testing, cancellation of elective cases, number of weekly operations before the pandemic, perceived program and hospital support (Likert), perception of shared responsibility with attendings (Likert), and perceived difficulty meeting case minimums (Likert). Perception of support from hospital administration (β=-0.23, 95% CI=-0.40, -0.05) and shared responsibility between residents and attendings (β=-0.22, 95% CI=-0.39, -0.07) were associated with lower declination of redeployment whereas concern regarding ability to reach graduation case requirements was associated with higher declination of redeployment (β=0.16, 95% CI=0.00, 0.32). doi = 10.1111/ijcp.13559 id = cord-340701-eeqgtk34 author = Kusmaul, Nancy title = COVID-19 and Nursing Home Residents’ Rights date = 2020-07-29 keywords = resident summary = title: COVID-19 and Nursing Home Residents'' Rights Born from a time when nursing homes residents were subject to physical 30 restraints and sedation, these rights sought to give residents greater control over daily routines 31 and social interactions 2 . While the Covid-19 pandemic seemed urgent and the risks to nursing home residents 39 were real, these directives superseded and countered residents'' rights. To have visitors at any time, as long as you wish to see them, as long 42 as the visit does not interfere with the provision of care and privacy rights of other residents." 4 43 As defined in the 45 federal register, §483.24 "Quality of life is a fundamental principle that applies to all care and 46 services provided to facility residents. Empowering the elderly nursing home resident: The resident rights 86 campaign Protect Nursing Home Residents from COVID 19 Your Rights and Protections as a 92 Nursing Home Resident doi = 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.07.035 id = cord-346109-fcytebfz author = Lie, Jessica J. title = Optimizing Resident Wellness During a Pandemic: University of British Columbia''s General Surgery Program''s COVID-19 Experience date = 2020-07-19 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = title: Optimizing Resident Wellness During a Pandemic: University of British Columbia''s General Surgery Program''s COVID-19 Experience Objective: The University of British Columbia''s General Surgery Program delineates a unique and systematic approach to wellness for surgical residents during a pandemic. Objective: The University of British Columbia''s General Surgery Program delineates a unique and systematic approach to wellness for surgical residents during a pandemic. Measures must be put in place to protect resident from the increased physical and mental health stress in order to best serve patients during this difficult time. Measures must be put in place to protect resident from the increased physical and mental health stress in order to best serve patients during this difficult time. The General Surgery Program at UBC optimized the wellness of residents by targeting three domains: efficiency of practice, culture of wellness and personal resilience. doi = 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.07.017 id = cord-292429-28mwv9f7 author = Miranda, Stephen P. title = Incorporating telehealth to improve neurosurgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-05-17 keywords = ACGME; resident summary = At our institution, we have found that involving residents in telehealth clinic and supplementing this time with virtual, case-based conferences have already enhanced resident education, by taking learning models classically used in surgical skills training and applying them to surgical decision-making and management instead. Nevertheless, outpatient clinical experience provides a critical opportunity for trainees to develop the non-operative skills emphasized by the ACGME Milestones, including information gathering and interpretation, evidence-based practice, critical thinking for diagnosis and therapy, and awareness of healthcare systems (Table 1) . Residents have the autonomy to conduct clinical encounters and deliberately practice their approach (Ericsson''s theory, mastery learning model). Prior to COVID-19, at our weekly case conference with all residents and faculty present, patients from each clinical site are presented and residents have the opportunity to simulate an oral boards examination, practicing surgical decision-making with each case scenario. doi = 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.116 id = cord-266242-d4fo3lsn author = Ostapenko, A. title = Impacts on Surgery Resident Education at a first wave COVID-19 epicenter date = 2020-08-18 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = Background: This study aims to identify the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical resident training and education at Danbury Hospital. Methods: We conducted an observational study at a Western Connecticut hospital heavily affected by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess its effects on surgical residents, focusing on surgical education, clinical experience, and operative skills development. However, the consequent opportunity cost was to surgery-specific training; there was a significant decrease in operative cases and time spent in surgical didactics, along with elevated concern about overall preparedness for their intended career. 16.20176073 doi: medRxiv preprint For clinical experience, we compared the number of duty hours logged by residents during the period of interest with the same time in 2019, and calculated a gross difference and percent change. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.16.20176073 doi: medRxiv preprint affect residency programs across the country with changes to clinical work, didactics, and operative experience of surgical residents. doi = 10.1101/2020.08.16.20176073 id = cord-343483-puly7tyv author = Pak, Jamie S. title = A Urology Department''s Experience at the Epicenter of the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-06-30 keywords = COVID-19; ICU; resident summary = As the ED-ICU gained prominence in the care pathway of COVID-19 patients at CUIMC, we also played an instrumental role in onboarding providers from other specialties to the attending/resident pair role. Given the residents'' increasing comfort with caring for critically ill COVID-19 patients, urology residents were redeployed to this ICU without an accompanying attending. Eventually, as the overall volume of critically ill patients with COVID-19 began to subside, our department was informed that we were no longer needed in the OR-ICUs on May 4 and in the satellite hospital "pop-up" ICU on May 6. Though COVID-19 put a heavy strain on our health care system in general, the changes required to respond to the pandemic led to an overall increased amount of available time for urology residents and faculty. This slow process of rescheduling elective surgeries may prolong the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on both resident surgical training and patient care. doi = 10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.024 id = cord-252661-wa0hdg1u author = Pennington, Zach title = Letter: Changes to neurosurgery resident education following onset of the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-05-22 keywords = COVID-19; covid; resident summary = Here we surveyed program directors 6 (PDs) to ascertain how they have altered the education and clinical care responsibilities of 7 residents in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Continuing education in spite of decreased case 21 volume and maintaining resident morale are cited as the most common concerns of PDs. 22 23 Conclusion 24 Here we find that there is great homogeneity in the responses of neurosurgical residency 25 programs to the COVID-19 pandemic. Continuing education in spite of decreased case 21 volume and maintaining resident morale are cited as the most common concerns of PDs. 22 23 Conclusion 24 Here we find that there is great homogeneity in the responses of neurosurgical residency 25 programs to the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we present the results of a survey of PDs for ACGME-accredited neurosurgery residency 126 programs regarding their responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.139 id = cord-345979-f0e6a0s4 author = Porpiglia, Francesco title = Slowdown of urology residents’ learning curve during the COVID‐19 emergency date = 2020-04-28 keywords = Urology; resident summary = In order to limit the impact of the COVID-19 emergency on the residents'' learning curves, which can further affect surgical and scientific learning, new alternative teaching methods should be introduced (Table 1) . The first one is represented by an online dedicated platform, where pre-recorded videos of lessons or surgical procedures are uploaded; these files could be available on-demand for the residents. Finally, notwithstanding the well-established usefulness of surgical simulation training programmes [6] , in this particular historic moment, where the Authorities have limited unnecessary transfers, the access to simulation platforms usually located in hospitals or universities is difficult. Now, during this extraordinary emergency in which it is very difficult to predict the duration of disruption, the current necessity should hopefully be translated into a future opportunity, in which smart-learning can become a useful tool integrated routinely into residency training programmes and urology daily life. doi = 10.1111/bju.15076 id = cord-266965-fdxq45rx author = Rakofsky, Jeffrey J. title = A Virtual Standardized Patient–Based Assessment Tool to Evaluate Psychiatric Residents’ Psychopharmacology Proficiency date = 2020-07-17 keywords = PRITE; exam; resident summary = Test scores were based on the proportion of correct responses to questions asked by the virtual patient about possible side effects, dosing, and titration decisions, which depended upon the patient''s tolerability and response to the learner''s selected medications. The validation paradigm included a novice-expert performance comparison across 4th year medical students, psychiatric residents from all four post-graduate year classes, and psychiatry department faculty, and a correlational analysis of simulator performance with the PRITE Somatic Treatments subscale score. Herein, we report on a virtual standardized patient (VSP)-based psychopharmacology simulator developed to provide a summative assessment of the learner''s ability to initiate medication, adjust doses, and manage the emerging side effects in a patient with treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. The participant groups include the trainees (medical students and residents) and faculty members who completed the virtual standardized patient assessment virtual standardized patient is reasonably similar to the outpatient psychiatry experience" was rated in the neutral to agree range, supporting the authenticity of the simulator. doi = 10.1007/s40596-020-01286-x id = cord-288679-57ftpsmx author = Ramirez, David A. title = Resident Perspectives on COVID-19: Three Takeaways date = 2020-09-22 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = As we navigated these changes in our personal lives, our residency program also adapted to meet our new educational challenges. In one study, residents who had previously used a surgical simulator demonstrated shorter J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f phacoemulsification times and used less phacoemulsification power 1 . Although our surgical experience during the coronavirus pandemic was limited, our quick transition to a simulation curriculum allowed us to maintain progress in surgical training and to continue resident-faculty interaction. We implemented best practices on how to reduce spread in J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f ophthalmic clinics, published by a group of ophthalmologists in Hong Kong 9 , which involved careful triage of patients with symptoms suggestive of contagious disease, minimizing micro-aerosolizing procedures, and installing protective shields on slit lamps. Influence of surgery simulator training on ophthalmology resident phacoemulsification performance Surgical Simulation Training Reduces Intraoperative Cataract Surgery Complications Among Residents doi = 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.07.028 id = cord-030994-pq9fnc7c author = Reed, Donovan S title = Finding Focus in Crisis: Resident-Driven Graduate Medical Education at a Military Training Facility during the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-07-13 keywords = program; resident summary = The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) program requirements for GME in Ophthalmology mandate a minimum of 360 hours of didactic sessions on the basic and clinical sciences during 3 years of residency. Concerning the individual components, 100% of respondents felt the resident-led oral board case simulations and ophthalmic surgery lecture series benefited their education. To determine the generalizability of the methodology presented, program directors of the other ophthalmology residencies affiliated with military training facilities were contacted to define their approach to graduate medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Each of the military training programs transitioned to a virtual-based learning initiative, and through coordination amongst the ophthalmology residency program directors, similar approaches to graduate medical education were instituted at all facilities. Open forum group discussion learning initiative with resident-led virtual didactics designed after the model discussed, which effectively maintained resident graduate medical education at the facility. doi = 10.1093/milmed/usaa193 id = cord-274470-82nhmusm author = Ricciardi, Gabriella title = Go back to the basics: Cardiac surgery residents at the time of COVID‐19 date = 2020-06-05 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = Eventually, due to the inhospital risk of disease transmission, the number of working doctors has been restricted and some providers have been moved to hospital areas in dire need of physicians experienced in caring for critically ill patients. The SOcial MEdia platforms (SoMe), such as LinkedIn or Twitter, provide an excellent example of the unique opportunity of coupling personal professional advancement with up-to-date technological breakthroughs. 5 The role of these networks is undisguised also from the pandemic perspective since they have been used by world-famous iconic surgeons and doctors to popularize educational daily tips in form of "tweets" or short messages about the disease itself, the way it spreads, the measurements to minimize its diffusion and other related virus-issues. To the point, The COVID-19 era is teaching us, as doctors and Residents, that we are scientists before anything else. doi = 10.1111/jocs.14680 id = cord-276787-6yr3pant author = Roth, Lauren T. title = A Curriculum to Improve Pediatric Residents'' Telephone Triage Skills date = 2020-10-22 keywords = curriculum; resident; triage summary = Retrospective pre-post self-assessments evaluated resident perceptions of their skills in taking histories and triaging care over the phone in addition to obtaining qualitative feedback from faculty and residents immediately after the curriculum and 1–2 years postgraduation. Given this significant gap in the literature and a perceived gap in knowledge at our own institution, we developed a curriculum to help residents develop phone triage skills and experience taking after-hours phone calls at one of our pediatric continuity clinics. Faculty members need only to have some experience performing phone triage and general pediatrics knowledge in order to train residents on these necessary skills. Overall, this curriculum showed a significant improvement in resident-reported skills in taking patient histories and triaging over the phone. As a result of this pilot curriculum, residents from all clinic sites in our ambulatory care network are now required to participate in the program and continue to express interest and positive outcomes from their training experience. doi = 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10993 id = cord-287330-glq6t78p author = Sabharwal, Samir title = How We Do It: Modified Residency Programming and Adoption of Remote Didactic Curriculum During the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-05-28 keywords = resident; team summary = Design Description of educational augmentation and programming modifications Setting The Johns Hopkins Hospital and Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD Participants Residents and faculty, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Methods In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we developed and implemented a modified operational schedule and remote curriculum in the orthopaedic surgery department of our health system. Our plan was guided by the following principles: protecting the workforce while providing essential clinical care; maintaining continuity of education and research; and promoting social distancing while minimizing the impact on team psychosocial well-being. Our plan was guided by the principles of protecting the workforce while providing essential clinical care; maintaining continuity of education and research; and promoting social distancing while minimizing the impact on team psychosocial well-being. We have developed and implemented a comprehensive set of modifications to our department''s operations to protect our workforce and support patient care, maintain continuity of resident education and research, and ensure social distancing while minimizing the impact on team psychosocial well-being. doi = 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.05.026 id = cord-294440-zd0arwmr author = Sacco, Guillaume title = COVID-19 in seniors: Findings and lessons from mass screening in a nursing home date = 2020-06-26 keywords = COVID-19; SARS; resident summary = CONCLUSIONS: The pauci-symptomatic expression of COVID-19 in older residents, together with the high prevalence of asymptomatic forms in caregivers, justifies mass screening in nursing homes, possibly prioritizing residents with suggestive combinations of clinical signs including dyspnea, falls, anorexia and/or altered consciousness. The objective of the present study was to clarify symptoms and chronological aspects of the propagation of the SARS-CoV-2 in a nursing home, both in residents and staff members. The study consisted in a five-week retrospective observational cohort study in a middle-sized nursing home in Maine-et-Loire, West of France, having performed COVID-19 mass screening of residents (n=87) and staff members (n=92). The present report of COVID-19 mass screening in a nursing home showed a high prevalence of asymptomatic infected staff members, and confirmed that older residents exhibit few and mainly nonspecific symptoms. doi = 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.06.023 id = cord-306421-r8wzvpn5 author = Sizoo, Eefje M. title = Dilemmas with restrictive visiting policies in Dutch nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis of an open-ended questionnaire with elderly care physicians date = 2020-10-23 keywords = Netherlands; covid-19; resident summary = title: Dilemmas with restrictive visiting policies in Dutch nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative analysis of an open-ended questionnaire with elderly care physicians Objectives To mitigate the spread of COVID-19, a nationwide restriction for all visitors of residents of long-term care facilities including nursing homes (NHs) was established in the Netherlands. Thematic analysis revealed four major themes: (1) The need for balancing safety for all through infection prevention measures versus quality of life of the individual residents and their loved ones; (2) The challenge of assessing the dying phase and how the allowed exception to the strict visitor restriction in the dying phase could be implemented; (3) The profound emotional impact on ECPs; (4) Many alternatives for visits highlight the wish to compensate for the absence of face to face contact opportunities. Conclusions and Implications ECPs reported that the restrictive visitor policy deeply impacts NHs residents, their loved ones and care professionals. doi = 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.10.024 id = cord-260279-igra1q3j author = Slanetz, Priscilla J. title = Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Radiology Education—Strategies for Survival date = 2020-04-23 keywords = COVID-19; resident summary = Although the priority is on providing timely and high-quality imaging to patients, especially those infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is still a need to maintain our educational mission. Accrediting and certifying bodies, including the ABR, ACGME, FDA, and NRC Q7 , recognize the impact of this pandemic on trainees'' education, and specific allowances may be granted for those residents impacted by COVID-19. Faculty can also share interesting cases and provide trainees with a list of teaching cases to review at their convenience. Virtual meetings preserve dedicated teaching conferences for both trainees and medical students, facilitate ongoing workstation feedback to residents, and bring the community together in this era of social distancing. For residency programs and trainees, although there remains some uncertainty around how to best meet expected case logs and rotation requirements, we must all remain adaptable, embrace innovation, and continue to add value to patient care. doi = 10.1016/j.jacr.2020.03.034 id = cord-256691-fn4bnnb9 author = Suyin Chalmin-Pui, Lauriane title = “It made me feel brighter in myself”- The health and well-being impacts of a residential front garden horticultural intervention date = 2020-09-30 keywords = Roe; cortisol; garden; health; intervention; nature; resident summary = Pre-and post-wellbeing measures (subjective well-being, perceived stress, diurnal cortisol) were captured over a 2-week data collection period prior to and for at least 3 months after each intervention, with the experiment being repeated over a two-year period, using two sub-populations of residents (i.e. Groups A and B, Fig. 1 ). Data included how residents felt about their lives, well-being, mental and physical health, street, neighbourhood, community, engagement with nature and gardening, attitudes towards the intervention, motivations for participation in the research and expectations regarding the outcomes of the intervention. Thus, the data addresses Q1 and Q2, indicating the intervention reduced perceived stress levels, improved cortisol profiles and thereby had a positive effect on the residents'' health status. The data presented suggests that adding plants and containers to residents'' front gardens was associated with significant reductions in perceived stress (Q1) which was reflected in improved diurnal cortisol patterns (Q2) post-intervention (i.e. steeper diurnal declines, increased daily average concentration and total secretions compared to ''blunted'' levels pre-intervention). doi = 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103958 id = cord-277278-lg38l5gh author = Tang, Olive title = Outcomes of nursing home COVID-19 patients by initial symptoms and comorbidity: Results of universal testing of 1,970 residents date = 2020-10-14 keywords = SARS; resident summary = Residents who were positive for COVID-19 and had multiple symptoms at the time of testing had the highest risk of mortality (HR 4.44; 95% CI: 2.97, 6.65) and hospitalization (SHR 2.38; 95% CI: 1.70, 3.33), even after accounting for comorbidity burden. Of 52 SARS-CoV-2 positive residents who were asymptomatic at the time of testing and were closely monitored for 14 days at one facility, only 6 (11.6%) developed symptoms. Conclusions and Implications Asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the nursing home setting was associated with increased risk of death suggesting a need for closer monitoring of these residents, particularly those with underlying cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities. A 78 cohort of all residents at one facility who were asymptomatic at the time of testing were closely 79 monitored by nursing home staff for development of symptoms over a 14 day period; this was 80 documented in a dedicated line list and included as a sub-analysis. doi = 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.10.011 id = cord-262073-7bhoyg4o author = Tolu, Lemi Belay title = Managing Resident Workforce and Residency Training During COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review of Adaptive Approaches date = 2020-08-10 keywords = COVID-19; residency; resident summary = We divided the data obtained into six thematic areas: resident staffing, clinical education, surgical education, didactic teaching, research activity, and accreditation process. The clinical education and handson training are affected by the disruption of formal health care delivery like elective surgeries, disruption of skill-based teaching activities, and deployment of residents to COVID-19 related service. 7 Considering the above facts, we did a scoping review to synthesize evidence on adaptive (innovative) ways of maintaining residency education activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. 12 Resident clinical education (Morning, case presentations, bedsides, round, seminars (management session), journal club) Few residency programs suspend resident clinical teachings 9 while many residency training programs designed alternative innovative technologies to maintain resident clinical education during COVID-19 pandemic. Different innovative alternative teaching methods were evolving to substitute the former face to face teaching to maintain residency didactic, clinical, surgical education, and research activity. doi = 10.2147/amep.s262369 id = cord-011971-h78639ld author = Wood, D. Brian title = Conference Didactic Planning and Structure: An Evidence-based Guide to Best Practices from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors date = 2020-07-03 keywords = Emergency; Medicine; learning; resident summary = title: Conference Didactic Planning and Structure: An Evidence-based Guide to Best Practices from the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors This paper offers expert guidelines for didactic instruction from members of the Council of Emergency Medicine Residency Directors Best Practices Subcommittee, based on best available evidence. Authors also recommend following the Model of Clinical Practice of Emergency Medicine when developing content, while incorporating sessions dedicated to morbidity and mortality, research methodology, journal article review, administration, wellness, and professionalism. 30, 31 To date, there are no objective data evaluating training level-specific didactics on learning outcomes; however, faculty and residents have been shown to view this targeted instruction positively. 66 This has been demonstrated to be an effective educational model that is positively viewed by trainees and can improve access and attendance at didactic offerings for both residents and faculty. doi = 10.5811/westjem.2020.5.46762 id = cord-268106-qfpukqwc author = Wooltorton, Eric title = Rapid, collaborative generation and review of COVID-19 pandemic-specific competencies for family medicine residency training date = 2020-09-23 keywords = competency; resident summary = In response to these changes, we launched an adapted, rapid consensus process to identify and define specific COVID-19 related competencies to guide teaching, learning, and feedback in the new clinical reality simultaneously affecting all Departments of Family Medicine across Canada. We aimed to engage as many residents, faculty members and leaders in the Department as possible using an adapted approach based on the first three steps of the Kern model 2 : problem identification and general needs assessment (step 1), targeted needs assessment (step 2); writing goals and objectives (step 3) (or more specifically learning ''outcomes'' in this case 3 ); CanMEDS is a one of the most widely used educational frameworks for organizing health professions competencies [4] [5] [6] and was chosen to organize competencies to allow their use in other Canadian family medicine programs, and non-family medicine specialties (Royal College of Physician and Surgeons of Canada). doi = 10.36834/cmej.70254 id = cord-337958-472xu87g author = Zuberi, Maaz K. title = SHOULD I BE CONCERNED? SURGICAL TRAINING IN THE TIME OF COVID19 date = 2020-10-15 keywords = COVID-19; resident; surgical summary = 1, 2 In light of the expected decline in case volumes for the residents, the American Board of Surgery (ABS) has responded by changing its graduation requirements for the current academic year; it has reduced required annual work weeks to 44 from 48 and slashed required surgical cases by 10%. Even though there is a looming fear of contracting the disease, junior residents share a feeling of achievement in being able to support our medical colleagues during these tough times, and we believe that this crucial experience will not only help improve our ventilator management skills but also enable us to better understand the critically ill patient. Understandably, most ER and medical residencies have reduced their resident exposure by only having attendings manage COVID positive patients, however this structure is not always possible for general surgery programs. doi = 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.10.006