id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-015673-rz74sh32 Lamers, Anne E. RNA Interference Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications 2006 .txt text/plain 2953 177 54 RNA interference (RNAi) is a technology developed after the recent discovery of well-conserved cellular processes that induce posttranscriptional gene silencing triggered by small fragments of double-stranded RNA. An ancient process for defense against viral infections and transposons, and in higher developed organisms an endogenous process that regulates gene expression, triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) was recently revealed (for reviews see Carrington and Ambros, 2003; Hammond et al., 2001; Sharp, 2001) . Furthermore, longer fragments seem to be more effective than short RNA particles, because they are more efficiently processed into more different siRNAs. The convenient method of introducing small dsRNA fragments into the cell by hairpin-expressing plasmids (Fig. 2) can overcome these disadvantages (Kawasaki and Taira, 2003; Yu et al., 2002) . Short hairpin type of dsRNAs that are controlled by tRNA(Val) promoter significantly induce RNAi-mediated gene silencing in the cytoplasm of human cells ./cache/cord-015673-rz74sh32.txt ./txt/cord-015673-rz74sh32.txt