id sid tid token lemma pos cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 1 key key NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 2 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 3 cord-320169-dtv7to3l cord-320169-dtv7to3l NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 4 authors author NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 5 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 6 Liu Liu NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 8 Yen Yen NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 9 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 10 Chin Chin NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 11 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 12 Kuo Kuo NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 14 Rei Rei NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 15 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 16 Lin Lin NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 17 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 18 Shih Shih NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 19 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 20 Shin Shin NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 21 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 1 22 Ru Ru NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 2 1 title title NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 2 2 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 1 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 2 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 3 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 4 First First NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 5 Documented document VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 6 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 7 Pandemic Pandemic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 8 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 9 History history NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 10 date date NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 11 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 12 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 13 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 14 05 05 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 15 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 16 05 05 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 17 journal journal NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 3 18 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 4 1 Biomed Biomed NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 4 2 J J NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 4 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 4 4 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 5 1 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 5 2 / / SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 5 3 j.bj.2020.04.007 j.bj.2020.04.007 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 5 4 sha sha NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 5 5 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 6 1 c8c7e763297bc485ab8b6130c092225d339d0840 c8c7e763297bc485ab8b6130c092225d339d0840 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 6 2 doc_id doc_id NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 6 3 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 1 320169 320169 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 2 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 3 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 4 dtv7to3l dtv7to3l NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 5 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 6 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 7 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 7 9 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 2 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 3 become become VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 5 fifth fifth JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 6 documented document VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 7 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 8 since since IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 9 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 10 1918 1918 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 11 flu flu NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 12 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 8 13 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 2 was be VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 3 first first RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 4 reported report VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 5 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 6 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 8 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 9 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 10 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 11 subsequently subsequently RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 12 spread spread VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 13 worldwide worldwide RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 9 14 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 3 was be VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 4 officially officially RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 5 named name VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 6 severe severe JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 7 acute acute JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 9 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 10 11 2 2 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 3 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 6 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 7 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 8 International International NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 9 Committee Committee NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 10 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 11 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 12 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 13 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 14 based base VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 15 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 16 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 17 analysis analysis NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 11 18 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 2 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 4 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 5 believed believe VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 6 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 7 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 8 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 9 spillover spillover NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 10 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 11 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 12 animal animal NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 14 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 15 later later RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 16 adapted adapt VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 17 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 18 ability ability NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 19 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 20 human human NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 21 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 22 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 23 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 24 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 25 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 12 26 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 1 Because because IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 2 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 3 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 4 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 5 highly highly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 6 contagious contagious JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 9 rapidly rapidly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 10 spreads spread VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 11 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 12 continuously continuously RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 13 evolves evolve VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 14 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 15 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 16 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 17 population population NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 13 18 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 1 In in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 2 this this DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 3 review review NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 4 article article NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 5 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 7 discuss discuss VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 8 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 9 basic basic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 10 properties property NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 11 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 12 potential potential JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 13 origin origin NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 14 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 15 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 16 evolution evolution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 17 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 18 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 19 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 20 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 21 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 14 22 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 1 These these DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 2 factors factor NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 3 may may MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 4 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 5 critical critical JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 6 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 7 studies study NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 8 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 9 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 10 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 11 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 12 designs design NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 14 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 15 vaccine vaccine NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 16 development development NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 17 against against IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 18 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 19 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 15 20 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 16 1 agent agent NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 16 2 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 16 3 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 16 4 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 16 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 16 6 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 3 this this DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 4 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 5 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 6 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 7 seventh seventh JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 8 member member NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 9 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 11 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 12 family family NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 13 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 14 infect infect VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 15 humans human NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 17 3 3 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 17 19 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 2 World World NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 3 Health Health NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 4 Organization Organization NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 6 WHO who WP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 8 temporarily temporarily RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 9 termed term VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 11 new new JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 12 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 13 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 14 novel novel NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 15 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 17 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 19 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 20 12 12 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 21 January January NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 22 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 23 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 24 then then RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 25 officially officially RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 26 named name VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 27 this this DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 28 infectious infectious JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 29 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 30 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 31 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 32 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 34 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 36 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 37 12 12 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 38 February February NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 39 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 18 40 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 1 Later later RBR cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 3 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 4 International International NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 5 Committee Committee NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 6 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 7 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 8 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 9 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 11 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 13 officially officially RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 14 designated designate VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 15 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 16 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 17 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 18 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 19 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 20 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 21 based base VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 22 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 23 phylogeny phylogeny NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 24 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 25 taxonomy taxonomy NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 26 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 27 established establish VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 28 practice practice NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 30 4 4 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 19 32 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 3 human human NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 4 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 5 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 6 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 7 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 8 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 9 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 11 occurring occurring NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 12 within within IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 13 Hong Hong NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 14 Kong Kong NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 15 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 16 been be VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 17 shown show VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 18 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 19 clinical clinical JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 20 data datum NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 22 5 5 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 20 24 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 1 Since since IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 2 initially initially RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 3 emerged emerge VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 4 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 5 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 6 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 7 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 8 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 9 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 10 evolved evolve VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 11 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 12 four four CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 13 months month NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 14 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 15 rapidly rapidly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 16 spread spread VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 17 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 18 other other JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 19 countries country NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 20 worldwide worldwide RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 21 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 22 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 23 global global JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 24 threat threat NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 21 25 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 1 On on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 2 11 11 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 3 March March NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 4 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 5 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 6 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 7 WHO who WP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 8 finally finally RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 9 made make VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 11 assessment assessment NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 12 that that WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 13 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 14 can can MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 15 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 16 characterized characterize VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 17 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 18 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 19 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 20 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 21 following follow VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 22 1918 1918 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 23 Spanish spanish JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 24 flu flu NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 26 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 28 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 29 1957 1957 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 30 Asian asian JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 31 flu flu NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 33 H2N2 H2N2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 35 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 36 1968 1968 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 37 Hong Hong NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 38 Kong Kong NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 39 flu flu NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 41 H3N2 H3N2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 43 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 44 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 45 2009 2009 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 46 Pandemic Pandemic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 47 flu flu NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 49 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 51 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 52 which which WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 53 caused cause VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 54 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 55 estimated estimate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 56 50 50 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 57 million million CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 58 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 59 1.5 1.5 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 60 million million CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 61 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 62 1 1 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 63 million million CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 64 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 65 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 66 300,000 300,000 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 67 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 68 deaths death NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 69 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 70 respectively respectively RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 71 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 72 6 6 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 73 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 74 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 75 7 7 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 76 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 77 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 78 8 8 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 79 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 80 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 81 9 9 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 22 82 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 23 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 23 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 23 3 . . NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 23 4 1 1 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 23 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 23 6 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 2 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 4 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 5 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 6 enveloped enveloped JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 7 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 8 spherical spherical JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 9 particle particle NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 10 approximately approximately RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 11 120 120 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 12 nm nm NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 13 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 14 diameter diameter NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 15 containing contain VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 16 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 17 positive positive JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 18 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 19 sense sense NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 20 single single JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 21 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 22 stranded strand VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 24 genome genome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 24 25 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 2 belongs belong VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 3 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 5 subfamily subfamily NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 6 Coronavirinae Coronavirinae NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 8 family family NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 9 Coronavirdiae Coronavirdiae NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 10 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 11 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 12 order order VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 13 Nidovirales Nidovirales NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 25 14 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 3 genome genome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 6 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 8 contains contain VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 9 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 10 5 5 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 11 ' ' '' cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 12 methyl methyl NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 13 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 14 guanosine guanosine NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 15 cap cap NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 16 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 17 poly poly JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 19 A)-tail A)-tail NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 20 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 21 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 22 29,903 29,903 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 23 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 24 according accord VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 25 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 26 WH WH NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 27 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 28 Human Human NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 29 1 1 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 30 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 32 WHCV WHCV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 35 3 3 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 36 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 37 10 10 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 26 39 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 2 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 3 classified classify VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 4 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 5 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 6 beta beta NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 7 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 10 βCoV βCoV NFP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 14 11 11 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 27 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 28 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 28 2 12 12 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 28 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 28 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 28 5 13 13 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 28 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 29 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 29 2 14 14 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 29 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 29 4 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 2 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 3 been be VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 4 shown show VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 5 that that IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 6 bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 7 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 8 rodents rodent NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 9 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 11 gene gene NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 12 sources source NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 13 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 14 most most JJS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 15 αCoVs αCoVs NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 16 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 17 βCoVs βCoVs NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 18 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 19 however however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 20 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 21 avian avian JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 22 species specie NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 23 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 24 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 25 gene gene NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 26 sources source NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 27 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 28 most most JJS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 29 δCoVs δCoVs NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 30 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 31 γCoVs γCoVs NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 32 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 33 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 34 analyses analysis NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 30 35 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 2 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 3 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 5 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 7 strains strain NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 31 8 HCoV HCoV . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 1 -NL63 -nl63 UH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 3 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 4 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 5 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 6 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 7 HKU1 HKU1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 8 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 32 9 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 1 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 2 - - : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 3 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 4 usually usually RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 5 cause cause VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 6 mild mild JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 8 self self NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 9 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 10 limiting limit VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 11 upper upper JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 13 tract tract NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 14 infections infection NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 15 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 16 such such JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 17 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 18 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 19 common common JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 20 cold cold NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 22 15 15 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 23 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 24 16 16 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 33 26 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 1 However however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 4 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 6 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 8 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 10 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 11 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 13 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 15 can can MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 16 cause cause VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 17 severe severe JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 18 acute acute JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 20 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 21 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 22 result result VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 23 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 24 life life NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 25 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 26 threatening threaten VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 27 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 29 17 17 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 34 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 35 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 35 2 18 18 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 35 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 35 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 35 5 19 19 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 35 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 36 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 36 2 Table table NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 36 3 1 1 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 36 4 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 36 5 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 2 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 4 transcribes transcribe VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 5 nine nine CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 6 subgenomic subgenomic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 7 RNAs rna NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 8 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 9 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 11 genome genome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 12 comprises comprise VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 13 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 14 5 5 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 15 ' ' POS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 16 untranslated untranslated JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 17 region region NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 18 including include VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 19 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 20 5 5 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 21 ' ' POS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 22 leader leader NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 23 sequence sequence NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 24 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 25 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 26 open open JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 27 reading reading NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 28 frame frame NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 30 ORF ORF NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 32 1a 1a NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 33 / / SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 34 ab ab NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 35 encoding encode VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 36 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 37 proteins protein NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 39 nsp nsp NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 41 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 42 replication replication NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 43 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 44 four four CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 45 structural structural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 46 proteins protein NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 47 including include VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 48 spike spike NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 50 S S NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 52 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 53 envelope envelope NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 55 E E NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 57 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 58 membrane membrane NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 60 M M NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 62 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 63 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 64 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 65 N N NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 66 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 67 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 68 several several JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 69 accessory accessory NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 70 proteins protein NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 71 such such JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 72 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 73 ORF ORF NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 74 3a 3a NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 75 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 76 6 6 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 77 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 78 7a 7a NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 79 / / SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 80 b b NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 81 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 82 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 83 8 8 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 84 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 85 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 86 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 87 3 3 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 88 ' ' POS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 89 untranslated untranslated JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 90 region region NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 37 91 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 2 replicase replicase NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 3 polyprotein polyprotein NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 4 pp1a pp1a NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 5 / / SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 6 ab ab CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 7 encodes encode VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 8 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 9 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 10 proteolytically proteolytically RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 11 cleaved cleave VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 12 into into IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 13 16 16 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 14 putative putative JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 15 nsps nsp NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 16 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 17 including include VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 18 nsp3 nsp3 NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 20 papain papain NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 21 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 22 like like JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 23 protease protease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 25 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 26 nsp5 nsp5 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 28 3C 3c NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 29 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 30 like like JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 31 protease protease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 38 33 , , . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 1 nsp12 nsp12 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 4 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 5 dependent dependent JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 7 polymerase polymerase NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 9 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 39 12 , , . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 40 1 nsp13 nsp13 . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 2 helicase helicase NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 4 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 5 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 6 other other JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 7 nsps nsp NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 9 10 10 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 10 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 11 13 13 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 12 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 13 20 20 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 41 15 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 2 spike spike NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 3 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 6 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 8 binds bind VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 9 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 10 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 11 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 12 converting convert VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 13 enzyme enzyme NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 14 2 2 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 16 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 18 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 19 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 20 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 21 Chinese chinese JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 22 horseshoe horseshoe NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 23 bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 24 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 25 civet civet NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 26 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 27 cell cell NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 28 entry entry NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 29 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 30 that that WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 31 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 32 also also RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 33 dependent dependent JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 34 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 35 S s NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 36 protein protein NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 37 priming prime VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 38 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 39 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 40 serine serine NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 41 protease protease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 42 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 42 43 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 1 A a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 2 similar similar JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 3 panel panel NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 5 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 6 cell cell NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 7 lines line NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 8 can can MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 9 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 10 infected infect VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 11 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 13 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 14 CoV-2-S CoV-2-S NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 15 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 17 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 18 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 19 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 20 S S NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 22 21 21 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 25 22 22 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 28 23 23 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 31 24 24 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 43 33 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 2 spike spike NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 3 protein protein NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 4 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 5 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 6 cleaved cleave VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 7 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 8 host host NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 9 proteases protease NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 10 into into IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 11 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 12 S1 S1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 13 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 14 S2 S2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 15 subunits subunit NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 16 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 17 which which WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 18 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 19 responsible responsible JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 20 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 21 receptor receptor NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 22 recognition recognition NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 23 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 24 membrane membrane NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 25 fusion fusion NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 26 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 27 respectively respectively RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 44 28 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 1 S1 s1 NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 2 also also RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 3 can can MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 4 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 5 divided divide VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 6 into into IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 7 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 8 N n CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 9 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 10 terminal terminal NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 11 domain domain NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 13 NTD NTD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 15 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 16 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 17 C c NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 18 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 19 terminal terminal NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 20 domain domain NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 22 CTD CTD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 45 24 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 2 S1 S1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 3 CTD CTD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 6 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 8 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 9 but but CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 10 not not RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 11 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 12 NTD NTD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 14 showed show VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 15 strong strong JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 16 affinity affinity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 17 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 18 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 19 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 21 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 46 23 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 2 receptor receptor NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 3 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 4 binding bind VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 5 domain domain NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 7 RBD RBD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 9 within within IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 11 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 13 CTD CTD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 14 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 15 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 16 key key JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 17 region region NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 18 that that WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 19 interacts interact VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 20 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 21 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 22 hACE2 hace2 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 23 receptor receptor NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 24 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 25 higher high JJR cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 26 affinity affinity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 27 than than IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 28 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 29 RBD RBD NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 30 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 31 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 32 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 33 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 34 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 35 10-to 10-to CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 36 20-fold 20-fold CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 37 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 38 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 39 quantification quantification NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 41 23 23 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 42 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 43 25 25 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 45 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 47 46 _SP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 1 All all DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 2 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 3 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 4 have have VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 5 animal animal NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 6 origins origin NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 8 namely namely RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 9 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 10 natural natural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 11 hosts host NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 48 12 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 1 Bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 2 may may MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 3 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 5 natural natural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 6 hosts host NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 7 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 8 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 9 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 11 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 14 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 15 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 16 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 17 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 18 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 19 MERS MERS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 20 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 49 21 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 3 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 4 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 5 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 6 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 7 HKU1 HKU1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 8 probably probably RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 9 originated originate VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 10 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 11 rodents rodent NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 13 26 26 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 50 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 2 27 27 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 5 28 28 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 51 7 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 1 Bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 2 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 3 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 4 important important JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 5 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 6 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 7 major major JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 8 natural natural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 9 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 10 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 11 alpha alpha NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 12 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 13 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 14 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 15 beta beta NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 16 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 17 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 19 29 29 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 52 21 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 1 Domestic domestic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 2 animals animal NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 3 can can MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 4 suffer suffer VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 5 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 6 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 7 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 8 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 9 hosts host NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 10 that that WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 11 cause cause VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 12 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 13 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 14 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 15 natural natural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 16 hosts host NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 17 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 18 humans human NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 19 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 20 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 21 example example NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 22 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 24 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 25 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 26 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 27 MERS MERS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 28 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 29 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 30 crossed cross VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 31 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 32 species species NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 33 barriers barrier NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 34 into into IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 35 masked masked JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 36 palm palm NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 37 civets civet NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 38 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 39 camels camel NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 40 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 41 respectively respectively RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 43 30 30 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 44 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 45 31 31 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 53 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 54 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 54 2 Table table NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 54 3 1 1 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 54 4 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 54 5 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 2 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 4 sequenced sequence VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 5 at at IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 6 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 7 early early JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 8 stage stage NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 9 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 11 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 12 outbreak outbreak NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 13 only only RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 14 shares share VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 15 79.6 79.6 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 16 % % NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 17 sequence sequence NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 18 identity identity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 19 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 21 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 22 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 23 through through IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 24 early early JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 25 full full JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 26 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 27 length length NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 28 genomic genomic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 29 comparisons comparison NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 55 30 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 1 However however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 4 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 5 highly highly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 6 identical identical JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 8 96.2 96.2 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 9 % % NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 11 at at IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 12 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 13 whole whole JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 14 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 15 genome genome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 16 level level NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 17 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 18 Bat Bat NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 19 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 20 CoV cov NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 21 RaTG13 RaTG13 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 22 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 23 which which WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 24 was be VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 25 previously previously RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 26 detected detect VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 27 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 28 Rhinolophus Rhinolophus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 29 affinis affinis NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 30 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 31 Yunnan Yunnan NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 32 Province Province NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 33 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 34 over over IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 35 1,500 1,500 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 36 km km NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 37 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 38 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 40 21 21 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 56 42 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 1 Bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 2 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 3 likely likely RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 4 reservoir reservoir NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 5 hosts host NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 6 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 8 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 10 ; ; : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 11 however however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 12 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 13 whether whether IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 14 Bat Bat NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 15 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 16 CoV cov NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 17 humans human NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 18 because because IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 19 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 20 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 21 similarity similarity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 22 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 23 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 24 pangolin pangolin NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 26 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 28 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 29 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 31 32 32 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 32 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 33 33 33 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 57 35 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 2 additional additional JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 3 analysis analysis NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 5 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 6 networks network NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 7 can can MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 8 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 9 effective effective JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 10 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 11 useful useful JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 12 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 13 trace trace VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 14 undocumented undocumented JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 15 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 16 infection infection NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 17 sources source NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 19 34 34 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 58 21 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 1 In in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 2 addition addition NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 3 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 5 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 6 origins origin NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 7 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 9 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 10 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 11 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 12 natural natural JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 13 evolution evolution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 14 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 15 there there EX cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 16 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 17 still still RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 18 some some DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 19 disputes dispute NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 20 about about IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 21 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 22 origin origin NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 23 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 24 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 25 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 26 because because IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 27 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 28 spike spike NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 29 protein protein NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 30 seems seem VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 31 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 32 perfectly perfectly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 33 interact interact VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 34 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 35 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 36 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 37 receptor receptor NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 38 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 39 contributing contribute VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 40 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 41 human human NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 42 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 43 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 44 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 45 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 46 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 47 after after IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 48 evolution evolution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 49 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 50 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 51 short short JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 52 period period NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 59 53 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 3 more more RBR cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 4 direct direct JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 5 evidence evidence NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 6 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 7 required require VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 8 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 9 clarify clarify VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 11 arguments argument NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 60 12 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 1 Replication Replication NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 2 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 4 viruses virus NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 5 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 6 generate generate VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 7 mutations mutation NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 8 due due JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 9 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 10 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 11 low low JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 12 proofreading proofreading NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 13 ability ability NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 14 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 16 RdRP rdrp NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 61 17 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 2 genome genome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 3 variations variation NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 4 generated generate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 5 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 6 viral viral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 7 RdRP rdrp NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 8 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 9 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 10 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 11 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 12 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 13 emerging emerge VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 14 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 15 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 16 adapt adapt VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 17 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 18 new new JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 19 hosts host NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 62 20 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 1 However however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 3 previous previous JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 4 studies study NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 5 have have VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 6 shown show VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 7 that that IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 8 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 9 mutation mutation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 10 rates rate NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 11 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 12 vary vary VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 13 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 15 viruses virus NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 17 35 35 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 63 19 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 2 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 3 substitution substitution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 4 rate rate NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 5 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 6 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 7 might may MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 8 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 9 approximately approximately RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 10 1 1 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 11 × × CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 64 12 10 10 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 1 -3 -3 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 2 /synonymous /synonymous JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 3 site site NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 4 / / SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 5 year year NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 6 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 7 which which WDT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 8 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 9 lower low JJR cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 10 than than IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 11 some some DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 12 other other JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 14 viruses virus NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 65 15 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 2 mutation mutation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 3 rate rate NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 4 during during IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 6 replication replication NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 7 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 8 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 9 partially partially RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 10 controlled control VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 11 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 12 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 13 viral viral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 66 14 exoribonuclease exoribonuclease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 67 1 nsp14 nsp14 XX cord-320169-dtv7to3l 68 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 68 2 36 36 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 68 3 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 68 4 37 37 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 68 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 68 6 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 4 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 6 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 7 been be VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 8 continuously continuously RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 9 evolving evolve VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 10 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 11 different different JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 12 groups group NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 13 worldwide worldwide RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 14 during during IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 15 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 16 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 69 17 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 70 1 According accord VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 70 2 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 70 3 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 70 4 information information NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 70 5 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 70 6 nCoV-19 ncov-19 ADD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 3 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 7 submitted submit VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 8 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 9 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 10 GISAID GISAID NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 11 database database NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 12 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 13 January January NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 14 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 15 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 16 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 17 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 18 was be VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 19 first first RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 20 collected collect VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 21 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 22 late late JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 23 December December NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 24 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 25 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 26 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 27 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 28 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 71 29 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 1 However however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 3 those those DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 4 viral viral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 6 varied vary VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 7 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 8 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 9 latest late JJS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 10 submitted submit VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 11 sequence sequence NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 12 collected collect VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 13 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 14 early early JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 15 April April NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 16 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 17 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 18 North North NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 19 America America NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 72 20 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 1 Since since IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 2 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 3 viral viral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 4 sequences sequence NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 5 continuously continuously RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 6 change change VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 7 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 8 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 9 construction construction NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 10 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 11 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 12 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 13 network network NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 14 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 15 crucial crucial JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 16 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 17 investigate investigate VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 18 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 19 adaption adaption NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 20 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 21 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 22 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 23 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 24 different different JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 25 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 26 populations population NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 27 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 28 environments environment NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 73 29 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 1 Although although IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 2 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 3 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 4 keeps keep VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 5 evolving evolve VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 6 within within IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 7 humans human NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 8 who who WP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 9 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 10 also also RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 11 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 12 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 13 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 14 other other JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 15 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 16 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 17 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 18 recombination recombination NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 19 between between IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 21 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 22 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 23 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 24 old old JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 25 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 26 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 27 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 28 such such JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 29 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 30 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 31 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 32 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 33 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 34 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 35 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 36 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 37 HKU1 HKU1 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 38 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 39 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 40 not not RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 41 been be VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 42 found find VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 74 43 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 3 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 4 recent recent JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 5 study study NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 6 revealed reveal VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 7 that that IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 8 three three CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 9 genetic genetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 10 types type NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 11 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 12 A A NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 14 B b NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 15 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 16 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 17 C C NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 18 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 19 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 20 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 21 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 22 have have VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 23 been be VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 24 circulating circulate VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 25 globally globally RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 27 34 34 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 75 29 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 2 study study NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 3 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 4 that that IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 5 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 6 genotypes genotype NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 7 could could MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 8 also also RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 9 correlate correlate VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 10 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 11 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 12 geographic geographic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 13 locations location NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 76 14 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 1 This this DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 3 that that IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 5 evolution evolution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 6 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 8 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 9 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 10 may may MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 11 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 12 affected affect VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 13 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 14 replication replication NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 15 environments environment NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 16 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 17 such such JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 18 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 19 genetic genetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 20 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 21 immunological immunological JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 22 restrictions restriction NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 23 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 24 different different JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 25 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 26 populations population NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 77 27 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 1 With with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 2 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 3 pressure pressure NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 4 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 5 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 6 selection selection NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 7 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 9 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 10 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 11 mutations mutation NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 12 will will MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 13 be be VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 14 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 78 15 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 2 investigation investigation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 3 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 5 geographic geographic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 6 patterns pattern NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 7 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 9 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 10 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 11 variations variation NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 12 will will MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 13 provide provide VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 14 information information NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 15 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 16 vaccine vaccine NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 17 development development NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 18 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 19 different different JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 20 populations population NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 79 21 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 1 Human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 2 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 3 usually usually RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 4 cause cause VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 5 mild mild JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 6 upper upper JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 8 diseases disease NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 80 9 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 1 However however RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 3 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 5 past past JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 6 two two CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 7 decades decade NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 8 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 9 two two CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 10 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 11 transmitted transmit VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 12 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 13 animals animal NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 14 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 16 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 17 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 18 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 19 MERS MERS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 20 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 21 CoV CoV NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 22 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 23 have have VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 24 caused cause VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 25 severe severe JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 26 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 27 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 28 death death NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 29 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 30 humans human NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 81 31 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 1 In in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 2 addition addition NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 3 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 4 since since IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 5 late late JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 6 December December NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 7 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 8 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 9 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 11 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 12 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 13 spread spread VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 14 globally globally RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 15 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 16 consequently consequently RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 17 resulted result VBD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 18 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 19 at at RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 20 least least JJS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 21 190,549 190,549 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 22 deaths death NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 23 worldwide worldwide RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 24 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 25 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 26 April April NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 27 24 24 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 28 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 29 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 31 38 38 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 82 33 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 1 Due due IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 2 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 3 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 4 high high JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 5 sequence sequence NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 6 homology homology NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 7 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 8 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 10 isolated isolate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 11 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 12 bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 15 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 16 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 17 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 18 considered consider VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 19 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 20 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 21 origin origin NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 22 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 83 23 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 1 Undoubtedly undoubtedly RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 4 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 6 has have VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 7 become become VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 8 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 9 fifth fifth JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 10 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 11 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 12 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 13 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 15 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 16 possible possible JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 17 that that IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 18 this this DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 19 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 20 will will MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 21 continuously continuously RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 22 circulate circulate VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 23 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 24 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 25 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 26 population population NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 27 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 28 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 29 future future NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 84 30 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 1 Because because IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 2 specific specific JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 3 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 4 treatments treatment NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 5 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 6 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 7 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 8 still still RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 9 under under IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 10 development development NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 11 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 12 testing testing NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 14 quarantine quarantine NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 15 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 16 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 17 social social JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 18 distancing distancing NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 19 are be VBP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 20 encouraged encourage VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 21 to to TO cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 22 prevent prevent VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 23 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 24 spread spread VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 85 25 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 2 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 3 since since IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 4 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 5 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 6 keeps keep VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 7 mutating mutate VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 8 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 9 evolving evolve VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 10 during during IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 11 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 12 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 13 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 14 studies study NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 15 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 16 viral viral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 17 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 18 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 19 treatments treatment NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 20 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 21 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 22 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 23 should should MD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 24 closely closely RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 25 consider consider VB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 26 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 27 genetic genetic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 28 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 29 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 30 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 31 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 86 32 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 2 features feature NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 3 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 4 patients patient NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 5 infected infect VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 6 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 7 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 8 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 10 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 11 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 12 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 13 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 14 A A NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 15 Novel Novel NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 16 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 17 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 18 Patients patient NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 19 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 20 Pneumonia Pneumonia NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 21 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 87 22 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 1 A a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 2 new new JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 3 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 4 associated associate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 5 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 6 human human JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 8 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 9 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 10 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 11 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 12 Study Study NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 13 Group Group NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 14 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 15 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 16 International International NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 17 Committee Committee NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 18 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 19 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 20 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 88 21 V. V. NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 2 species specie NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 3 Severe severe JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 4 acute acute JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 7 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 8 related relate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 10 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 11 classifying classify VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 12 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 13 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 14 naming name VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 17 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 89 18 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 1 A a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 2 familial familial JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 3 cluster cluster NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 5 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 6 associated associate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 7 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 8 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 9 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 10 novel novel NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 11 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 12 indicating indicate VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 13 person person NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 14 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 15 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 16 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 17 person person NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 18 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 19 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 20 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 21 study study NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 22 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 23 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 24 family family NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 25 cluster cluster NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 26 Updating update VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 27 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 28 accounts account NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 29 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 30 global global JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 31 mortality mortality NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 32 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 33 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 34 1918 1918 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 35 - - SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 36 1920 1920 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 37 " " `` cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 38 Spanish spanish JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 39 " " '' cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 40 influenza influenza NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 41 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 42 Preparing prepare VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 43 intensive intensive JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 44 care care NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 45 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 46 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 47 next next JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 48 pandemic pandemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 49 influenza influenza NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 50 Pandemic Pandemic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 51 versus versus IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 52 epidemic epidemic NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 53 influenza influenza NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 54 mortality mortality NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 55 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 56 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 57 pattern pattern NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 58 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 59 changing change VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 60 age age NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 61 distribution distribution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 62 Global Global NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 63 Mortality Mortality NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 64 Impact Impact NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 65 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 66 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 67 1957 1957 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 68 - - SYM cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 69 1959 1959 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 70 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 71 Pandemic Pandemic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 72 Genomic Genomic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 73 characterization characterization NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 74 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 75 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 76 2019 2019 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 77 novel novel NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 78 human human NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 79 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 80 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 81 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 82 isolated isolate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 83 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 84 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 85 patient patient NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 86 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 87 atypical atypical JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 88 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 89 after after IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 90 visiting visit VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 91 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 90 92 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 1 Emerging emerge VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 2 microbes microbe NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 3 & & CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 4 infections infection NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 5 2020 2020 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 6 Interspecies Interspecies NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 7 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 8 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 9 emergence emergence NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 10 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 11 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 12 viruses virus NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 13 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 14 lessons lesson NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 15 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 16 bats bat NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 17 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 18 birds bird NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 19 Middle Middle NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 20 East East NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 22 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 23 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 24 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 25 another another DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 26 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 27 betacoronavirus betacoronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 28 causing cause VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 29 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 30 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 31 like like JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 32 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 33 Genome Genome NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 34 Composition Composition NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 35 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 36 Divergence Divergence NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 37 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 38 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 39 Novel Novel NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 40 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 42 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 91 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-320169-dtv7to3l 92 1 Originating originate VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 92 2 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 92 3 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 92 4 Emerging Emerging NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 92 5 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 92 6 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 1 Genome genome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 2 structure structure NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 3 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 4 replication replication NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 5 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 6 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 7 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 9 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 10 other other JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 11 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 12 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 13 causes cause NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 14 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 15 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 16 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 17 infections infection NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 18 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 19 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 20 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 21 patients patient NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 22 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 23 acute acute JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 24 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 25 tract tract NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 26 disease disease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 27 Characterization characterization NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 28 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 29 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 30 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 31 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 32 associated associate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 33 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 34 severe severe JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 35 acute acute JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 36 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 37 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 38 Middle Middle NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 39 East East NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 40 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 41 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 42 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 43 neutralising neutralise VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 44 serum serum NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 45 antibodies antibody NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 46 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 47 dromedary dromedary NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 48 camels camel NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 49 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 50 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 51 comparative comparative JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 52 serological serological JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 53 study study NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 54 Isolation isolation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 55 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 56 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 57 novel novel JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 58 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 59 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 60 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 61 man man NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 62 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 63 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 64 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 65 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 66 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 67 Structure Structure NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 68 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 69 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 70 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 71 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 72 dependent dependent JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 73 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 74 polymerase polymerase NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 75 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 76 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 77 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 78 A a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 79 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 80 outbreak outbreak NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 81 associated associate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 82 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 83 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 84 new new JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 85 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 86 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 87 probable probable JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 88 bat bat NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 89 origin origin NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 90 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 91 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 92 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 93 Cell Cell NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 94 Entry entry NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 95 Depends depend VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 96 on on IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 97 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 98 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 99 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 100 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 101 Is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 102 Blocked block VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 103 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 104 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 105 Clinically clinically RB cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 106 Proven prove VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 107 Protease protease NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 108 Inhibitor Inhibitor NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 109 Structural Structural NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 110 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 111 Functional Functional NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 112 Basis Basis NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 113 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 114 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 115 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 116 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 117 Entry Entry NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 118 by by IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 119 Using use VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 120 Human Human NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 121 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 122 Structure Structure NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 123 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 124 Function Function NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 125 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 126 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 127 Antigenicity Antigenicity NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 128 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 129 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 130 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 131 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 132 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 133 Spike Spike NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 134 Glycoprotein Glycoprotein NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 135 Cryo Cryo NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 136 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 137 EM EM NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 138 structure structure NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 139 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 140 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 141 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 142 spike spike NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 143 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 144 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 145 prefusion prefusion NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 146 conformation conformation NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 147 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 148 Recombination Recombination NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 149 , , , cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 150 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 151 Pathogenesis Pathogenesis NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 152 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 153 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 154 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 155 Evolution Evolution NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 156 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 157 Human Human NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 158 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 159 Genomes Genomes NNPS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 160 Surveillance surveillance NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 161 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 162 Bat Bat NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 163 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNPS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 164 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 165 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 166 Identifies identify VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 167 Relatives Relatives NNPS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 168 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 169 Human Human NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 170 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNPS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 171 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 172 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 173 229E 229E NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 174 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 175 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 176 Recombination Recombination NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 177 History History NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 178 Discovery Discovery NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 179 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 180 seven seven CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 181 novel novel NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 182 Mammalian mammalian JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 183 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 184 avian avian JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 185 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 186 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 187 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 188 genus genus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 93 189 deltacoronavirus deltacoronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 1 supports support VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 2 bat bat NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 3 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 4 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 5 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 6 gene gene NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 7 source source NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 8 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 9 alphacoronavirus alphacoronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 10 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 11 betacoronavirus betacoronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 12 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 13 avian avian JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 14 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 15 as as IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 16 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 17 gene gene NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 18 source source NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 19 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 20 gammacoronavirus gammacoronavirus NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 21 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 22 deltacoronavirus deltacoronavirus JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 23 Isolation isolation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 24 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 25 characterization characterization NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 26 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 27 viruses virus NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 28 related relate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 29 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 30 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 31 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 33 from from IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 34 animals animal NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 35 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 36 southern southern JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 37 China China NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 38 Middle Middle NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 39 East East NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 40 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 41 syndrome syndrome NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 42 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 43 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 44 dromedary dromedary NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 45 camels camel NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 46 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 47 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 48 outbreak outbreak NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 49 investigation investigation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 94 50 . . . cord-320169-dtv7to3l 95 1 The the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 95 2 Lancet Lancet NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 95 3 infectious infectious JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 95 4 diseases disease NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 1 Identifying identify VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 3 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 5 related relate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 6 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 7 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 8 Malayan malayan JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 96 9 pangolins pangolin NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 1 Probable probable JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 2 Pangolin Pangolin NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 3 Origin Origin NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 4 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 6 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 97 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 1 Associated associate VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 2 with with IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 3 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 4 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 5 Outbreak Outbreak NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 6 Phylogenetic Phylogenetic NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 7 network network NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 8 analysis analysis NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 9 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 11 - - HYPH cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 13 genomes genome VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 14 A a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 15 large large JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 16 variation variation NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 17 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 18 the the DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 19 rates rate NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 20 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 21 synonymous synonymous JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 22 substitution substitution NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 23 for for IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 25 viruses virus NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 26 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 27 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 28 relationship relationship NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 29 to to IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 30 a a DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 31 diversity diversity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 32 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 33 viral viral JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 34 infection infection NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 35 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 36 transmission transmission NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 37 modes mode NNS cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 38 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 98 39 : : : cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 1 an an DT cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 3 proofreading proofread VBG cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 4 machine machine NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 5 regulates regulate VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 6 replication replication NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 7 fidelity fidelity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 8 and and CC cord-320169-dtv7to3l 99 9 diversity diversity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 1 High high JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 2 fidelity fidelity NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 3 of of IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 4 murine murine JJ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 5 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 6 virus virus NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 7 replication replication NN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 8 is be VBZ cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 9 decreased decrease VBN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 10 in in IN cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 11 nsp14 nsp14 CD cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 12 exoribonuclease exoribonuclease NNP cord-320169-dtv7to3l 100 13 mutants mutant NNS