id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-283088-r2x3awlw Stage, H. B. Shut and re-open: the role of schools in the spread of COVID-19 in Europe 2020-06-26 .txt text/plain 10932 593 57 By comparing the growth rates in daily hospitalisations or confirmed cases under different interventions, we provide evidence that the effect of school closure is visible as a reduction in the growth rate approximately 9 days after implementation. The effect of school closure is estimated using hospitalisation data for Denmark and Norway, and daily confirmed cases for Germany and Sweden. More precisely, a change in growth rate is considered an effective response to school closures if (a) it occurs more than 5 days from the intervention date, (b) the deviation persists for at least 5 days, and (c) exceeds the 75 th percentile of the modelled data. Neither of the states permitting examinations saw any significant detrimental effect on growth rates, compared to states which had similar case numbers prior to school closure, but where exams did not take place during this time period (e.g. Lower Saxony). ./cache/cord-283088-r2x3awlw.txt ./txt/cord-283088-r2x3awlw.txt