# pos

id: cord-277086-j7hih6o9
pos: NNP
token:
  https://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrcglobal-infectious-disease-analysis/news--wuhan-coronavirus/covid-19-resources/

lemma:
  https://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrcglobal-infectious-disease-analysis/news--wuhan-coronavirus/covid-19-resources/


# ent

id: cord-011906-ek7joi0m
type: GGP
entity:
  Cronbach s alpha 0 72 0 69 and 0 76 for pre test post test and six week follow up 92 The scale has demonstrated good validity in prior studies 92 101 and adequate internal consistency


id: cord-011906-ek7joi0m
type: GGP
entity:
  NoMO r 252 0 51 p 0 01 However smartphone distraction correlated negatively with two variables mindful attention r 252 0 52 p 0 01 and self awareness r 252 0 34 p 0 01 To test H1 and assess the effect of the intervention on smartphone distraction two separate ANCOVAs were conducted First to isolate any effect of the intervention a per protocol analysis was conducted As depicted in Table 4 online vigilance r 252 0 51 p 0 01 automaticity r 252 0 57 p 0 01 impulsivity r 252 0 45 p 0 01 deficient self regulation r 252 0 33 p 0 01 smartphone use day r 252 0 31 p 0 01 p 0 01 FoMO r 252 0 28 p 0 01 and NoMO r 252 0 51 p 0 01 However smartphone distraction correlated negatively with two variables mindful attention r 252 0 52 p 0 01 and self awareness r 252 0 34 p 0 01 To test H1 and assess the effect of the intervention on smartphone distraction two separate ANCOVAs were conducted First to isolate any effect of the intervention a per protocol analysis was conducted As depicted in Table 4 ANCOVA analyses for the secondary outcomes


id: cord-018401-josb16pi
type: PROTEIN
entity:
  Ac V 6 R 2 NH 2 Ac V 6 K 2 NH 2 Ac A 6 K NH 2 Ac I 6 K 2 NH 2 Ac A 6 K OH DA 6 NH 2 Ac V 6 D 2 NH 2 Ac A 6 D OH KA 6 NH 2


id: cord-018401-josb16pi
type: GGP
entity:
  Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy Atomic force microscopy Investigation of the kinetics of self assembly conduct structure manipulation determine the size and morphology of the nanostructures


id: cord-018401-josb16pi
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  aromatic p stacking between the aromatic rings of the pyrenyl structure dominates At neutral pH though the amino


id: cord-030800-fgvc3qw8
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  A Study on the Relationship Between Attachment Coping Style and Social Anxiety in Adolescents Doctoral


id: cord-264629-kuknvemy
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Factors Influencing Attitudes to Violence against Women Trauma Violence Abus Women s Perceptions of Their Community s Social Norms Towards Assisting Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence


id: cord-285386-kvo544hh
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  A Study on the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Traits Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Behavior


id: cord-278860-nplrx07z
type: GGP
entity:
  Nurs Sci DOI 10 1016 j ijnss 2020 08 002 sha f4fc6a5734a05606702ebc59d429e5a18290c3ac doc_id 278860 cord_uid nplrx07z


id: cord-278860-nplrx07z
type: ORG
entity:
  CINAHL Medline Psych INFO ERIC ScienceDirect Amed EBSCO Health Source Nursing and Academic Edition Sage Ujoogle


id: cord-349712-7xte6v2q
type: DNA
entity:
  editor date 2016 08 08 journal Clin Epidemiol DOI 10 2147 clep s111574 sha eb642a85743e92d6dc3af7fd11b37e4c13c7d2a7 doc_id 349712 cord_uid 7xte6v2q nan


id: cord-310145-wvu79t45
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Theme 3 Participants Perceived that the Intervention Procedures Supported Their Thriving with Self Care Brown 2019


id: cord-329291-wx1g8i3o
type: GGP
entity:
  gap β 1 32 t 81 0 43 p 001 which indicated when perceived severity increased the height gap decreased Gender was also a significant factor affecting the BMI gap β 1 67 t 81 0 74 p 05 which indicated that female self reports had a higher BMI gap than male s self reports by 1 67 Height gapthe results of the regression indicated that the seven variables explained 16 50 of the variance R 2 0 16 F 7 80 2 25 p 05 Perceived severity significantly predicted the height gap β 2 71 t 80 0 89 p 01 It indicated when perceived severity increased the height gap increases Weight gap Perceived Barriers 2 significantly predicted


id: cord-329291-wx1g8i3o
type: GGP
entity:
  gap β 1 53 t 81 0 63 p 05 which indicates when the perceived barriers increases the weight gap decreased But the F statistic


id: cord-307543-piust0s6
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  HH 6 2 1 0 and B9 What importance do patients attach to the fact that you perform optimal HH 6 2 1 0 The self reported HAI


id: cord-321621-maym3iah
type: LAW
entity:
  Measurement and Relation to Career Development Adult Attachment Social Self Efficacy Self Disclosure Loneliness and Subsequent Depression for Freshman College Students A Longitudinal Study Acculturative Stress and Depression


id: cord-321621-maym3iah
type: ORG
entity:
  An Overview of Longitudinal Data Analysis Methods for Neurological Research Dealing With Missing Outcome Data


id: cord-329312-bvnky9yr
type: ORG
entity:
  the Crisis Academic Self Esteem Academic Self Efficacy and Academic Achievement A Path Analysis American College Health Association


id: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  Insufficient and Traditional Moral Theories Remain Important for Practical Ethics Reviewed Work s Autonomous Agents From Self Control to Autonomy by Alfred R Mele The Politics of Person Individual Autonomy and Social Historical Selves Autonomy and Adaptive Preferences


id: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo
type: ORG
entity:
  Autonomy and Intervention in Medical Practice Southern Africa Litigation Centre Testing A Priority In AIDS Prevention


id: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo
type: ORG
entity:
  United Nations United Nations Division for Social Policy and Development Indigenous Peoples United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: PROTEIN
entity:
  affibodies 165 166 human soluble complement receptor type 1 167 single chain antibody drug conjugates 168 insulin


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: PROTEIN
entity:
  vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF 294 bone morphogenetic protein 2 BMP 2 295 basic fibroblast growth factor bFGF 296


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: FAC
entity:
  Injectable Carbon Nanotube Impregnated Silk Based Multifunctional Hydrogel for Localized Targeted and On Demand Anticancer Drug Delivery


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: ORG
entity:
  the Once Weekly Glucagon Like Peptide 1 GLP 1 Analogue Semaglutide Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Implications of Semaglutide A New Glucagon Like Peptide


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: ORG
entity:
  Varied Core Lengths A Metal Collagen Peptide Framework for Three Dimensional Cell Culture Selective Decoration and Release of Histagged Proteins


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: FAC
entity:
  Hydrogel Improves the Safety of Adenovirus Mediated Gene Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy Direct Observation of Interactions of Silk Elastinlike Protein Polymer


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: ORG
entity:
  Improved Doxorubicin Encapsulation and Pharmacokinetics of Ferritin Fusion Protein Nanocarriers Bearing Proline Serine and Alanine Elements Selective


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
type: CHEMICAL
entity:
  methoxy poly ethylene glycol poly 2dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate co itaconic acid PGNPs Figure 15A 286


# url

id: cord-277086-j7hih6o9
domain: www.imperial.ac.uk
url:
  http://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrcglobal-infectious-disease-analysis/news--wuhan-coronavirus/covid-19-resources/


# bib

id: cord-000266-xwfptmmv
author: Liao, Qiuyan
date: 2010-10-12
txt: ./txt/cord-000266-xwfptmmv.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-000266-xwfptmmv.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953514/
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013350
summary:
  METHODOLOGY: Data from cross-sectional telephone interviews of 1,001 Hong Kong adults in June, 2009 were tested against theory and data-derived hypothesized associations between trust in (formal/informal) information, understanding, self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility and worry, and hand hygiene and social distancing using Structural Equation Modelling with multigroup comparisons. We report on a theoretical model that incorporated elements of influenza causal knowledge, perceived self-efficacy and also social and affective influences ( Figure 1 ) because these latter variables have been less frequently studied in combination, but have theoretical and logical support for their potential importance in the context of RIDs. We tested this model against data collected in the early phase of the influenza A/H1N1 pandemic (Table S1 ) to examine how levels of trust in formal and informal sources of risk/prevention information associated with hand washing and social distancing.

title:
  Situational Awareness and Health Protective Responses to Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Whether information sources influence health protective behaviours during influenza pandemics or other emerging infectious disease epidemics is uncertain. METHODOLOGY: Data from cross-sectional telephone interviews of 1,001 Hong Kong adults in June, 2009 were tested against theory and data-derived hypothesized associations between trust in (formal/informal) information, understanding, self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility and worry, and hand hygiene and social distancing using Structural Equation Modelling with multigroup comparisons. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Trust in formal (government/media) information about influenza was associated with greater reported understanding of A/H1N1 cause (β = 0.36) and A/H1N1 prevention self-efficacy (β = 0.25), which in turn were associated with more hand hygiene (β = 0.19 and β = 0.23, respectively). Trust in informal (interpersonal) information was negatively associated with perceived personal A/H1N1 susceptibility (β = −0.21), which was negatively associated with perceived self-efficacy (β = −0.42) but positively associated with influenza worry (β = 0.44). Trust in informal information was positively associated with influenza worry (β = 0.16) which was in turn associated with greater social distancing (β = 0.36). Multigroup comparisons showed gender differences regarding paths from trust in formal information to understanding of A/H1N1 cause, trust in informal information to understanding of A/H1N1 cause, and understanding of A/H1N1 cause to perceived self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Trust in government/media information was more strongly associated with greater self-efficacy and handwashing, whereas trust in informal information was strongly associated with perceived health threat and avoidance behaviour. Risk communication should consider the effect of gender differences.


id: cord-011906-ek7joi0m
author: Throuvala, Melina A.
date: 2020-07-05
txt: ./txt/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-011906-ek7joi0m.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369880/
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134842
summary:
  Given: (i) young adults are keen users of smartphone apps, with increased vulnerability to self-regulation and technology use [74] , (ii) the high stakes for academic achievement, and (iii) the similarity in processes observed between gambling addiction and social media overuse [115] , the strategies of mindfulness, activity monitoring, and mood tracking utilized in gambling harm-reduction [86, 116, 117] are employed in the present study. The present study tested the efficacy of a ten-day online app-delivered randomized controlled trial (RCT) based on cognitive-behavioural principles to reduce distraction (primary outcome) and a number of secondary psychological outcomes: self-awareness, mindful attention, FoMO, anxiety, and depression among university students. The present study tested the efficacy of an online intervention employing an integrative set of strategies-consisting of mindfulness, self-monitoring and mood tracking-in assisting young adults to decrease levels of smartphone distraction and improve on a variety of secondary psychological outcomes, such as mindful attention, emotional awareness, stress and anxiety, and perceived self-efficacy, as well as to reduce stress, anxiety, deficient self-regulation, problematic social media use and smartphone-related psychological outcomes (i.e., online vigilance, FoMO and NoMO).

title:
  Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use

abstract:
  Evidence suggests a growing call for the prevention of excessive smartphone and social media use and the ensuing distraction that arises affecting academic achievement and productivity. A ten-day online randomized controlled trial with the use of smartphone apps, engaging participants in mindfulness exercises, self-monitoring and mood tracking, was implemented amongst UK university students (n = 143). Participants were asked to complete online pre- and post-intervention assessments. Results indicated high effect sizes in reduction of smartphone distraction and improvement scores on a number of self-reported secondary psychological outcomes. The intervention was not effective in reducing habitual behaviours, nomophobia, or time spent on social media. Mediation analyses demonstrated that: (i) emotional self-awareness but not mindful attention mediated the relationship between intervention effects and smartphone distraction, and (ii) online vigilance mediated the relationship between smartphone distraction and problematic social media use. The present study provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy of an intervention for decreased smartphone distraction and highlights psychological processes involved in this emergent phenomenon in the smartphone literature. Online interventions may serve as complementary strategies to reduce distraction levels and promote insight into online engagement. More research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of digital distraction and assess its implications in problematic use.


id: cord-013336-42thiglv
author: Wang, Cheng
date: 2020-10-22
txt: ./txt/cord-013336-42thiglv.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-013336-42thiglv.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7583185/
doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00765-5
summary:
  However, there have been few studies examining HIV self-testing among female sex workers in countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa, including China [16] [17] [18] . We partnered with eight local female sex workers community-based organizations (CBO) in those eight cities with experience of conducting female sex workers outreach programs including condom promotion, sexual health education, HIV and syphilis rapid testing and counseling, and linkage to care (accompaniment to clinical services for infected individuals). Since the World Health Organization released guidelines recommending HIV self-testing among under-served and high-risk populations in 2016 [25] , many studies in the sub-Saharan Africa have shown that HIV self-testing has a good acceptability and feasibility for female sex workers [12, 14, 15, 26] . Studies have suggested that adding HIV self-testing to existing community-based testing and counseling services among female sex workers is acceptable, cost-effective and efficient to improve linkage to care [15, 26, 27] .

title:
  Correlates of HIV self-testing among female sex workers in China: implications for expanding HIV screening

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing may help improve test uptake among female sex workers. China has implemented many HIV self-testing programs among men who have sex with men, creating an opportunity for promotion among female sex workers. However, there is a limited literature on examining HIV self-testing among female sex workers. This study aimed to examine HIV self-testing experiences and its determinants among female sex workers in China. METHODS: A venue-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese female sex workers in 2019. Participants completed a survey including social-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, and HIV self-testing history, the distribution of which were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify associations with HIV self-testing. RESULTS: Among 1287 Chinese female sex workers, 1072 (83.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 81.2–85.3%) had ever tested for HIV, and 103 (8.0%, 95% CI 6.6–9.6%) had ever used HIV self-testing. More than half reported that the self-test was their first HIV test (59.2%, 61/103), around one-fifth reported HIV self-testing results influenced the price of sex (21.4%, 22/103). A minority of individuals reported ever experiencing pressure to undertake HIV self-testing (6.8%, 7/103). After adjusting for covariates, HIV self-testing was positively associated with receiving anal sex in the past month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.2, 95% CI 1.4–3.5), using drugs before or during sex (aOR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.8–4.5), injecting drugs in the past 6 months (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.2–6.0), being diagnosed with other sexually transmitted infections (aOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.5), tested for other sexually transmitted infections in the past six months (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.1–5.5), ever tested in the hospital (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.0–5.6), and ever tested in the community (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.9). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that HIV self-testing could expand overall HIV testing uptake, increase HIV testing frequency, reach sub-groups of high-risk female sex workers and has limited potential harms among female sex workers. HIV self-testing should be incorporated among Chinese female sex workers as a complement to facility-based HIV testing services.


id: cord-013473-8q0a33dr
author: Hetherington, Erin
date: 2020-10-16
txt: ./txt/cord-013473-8q0a33dr.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-013473-8q0a33dr.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7602711/
doi: 10.3390/children7100186
summary:
  Risk factors included income, maternal mental health, child sex, and screen time, and potential moderation by parenting and childcare. Parenting and participation in childcare do not appear to moderate the associations between lower income, maternal mental health, male sex, and screen time with child self-regulation. Overall the literature points to some clear risk factors for elements of poor self-regulation, including lower income, maternal mental health, child sex, and screen time. Overall the literature points to some clear risk factors for elements of poor self-regulation, including lower income, maternal mental health, child sex, and screen time. The purpose of this study is to identify whether modifiable factors (such as childcare and parenting behavior) moderate known risk factors including lower income, maternal mental health and child sex on child self-regulation. Contrary to expectations, neither childcare nor poor parenting moderated the associations between predictors at age 3 (income, maternal mental health, male sex, or screen time) and self-regulation at age 5.

title:
  Longitudinal Predictors of Self-Regulation at School Entry: Findings from the All Our Families Cohort

abstract:
  Self-regulation is the ability to manage emotions, modulate behaviors, and focus attention. This critical skill begins to develop in infancy, improves substantially in early childhood and continues through adolescence, and has been linked to long-term health and well-being. The objectives of this study were to determine risk factors and moderators associated with the three elements of self-regulation (i.e., inattention, emotional control, or behavioral control) as well as overall self-regulation, among children at age 5. Participants were mother–child dyads from the All Our Families study (n = 1644). Self-regulation was assessed at age 5. Risk factors included income, maternal mental health, child sex, and screen time, and potential moderation by parenting and childcare. Adjusted odds ratios of children being at risk for poor self were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Twenty-one percent of children had poor self-regulation skills. Risk factors for poor self-regulation included lower income, maternal mental health difficulties, and male sex. Childcare and poor parenting did not moderate these associations and hostile and ineffective parenting was independently associated with poor self-regulation. Excess screen time (>1 h per day) was associated with poor self-regulation. Self-regulation involves a complex and overlapping set of skills and risk factors that operate differently on different elements. Parenting and participation in childcare do not appear to moderate the associations between lower income, maternal mental health, male sex, and screen time with child self-regulation.


id: cord-017217-zjab7o2o
title: Self Assessment Questions
author: Ali, Yousaf
date: 2008-01-08
txt: ./txt/cord-017217-zjab7o2o.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-017217-zjab7o2o.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121721/
doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-497-1_1
abstract: nan
summary:
  A 47-year-old patient with Crohn''s disease presents for evaluation of new onset arthritis. Although the patient has not had prior thromboses she is at high risk for developing antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in view of these blood tests. A 19-year-old previously healthy student is evaluated for new onset fever, joint pain, and rash. Her lab work reveals leukocytosis with lymphocytic predominance, normal renal function, mild transaminitis, and low serum albumin. Yousaf Ali, Self Assessment Questions in Rheumatology, DOI: 10.1007/ 978-1-59745-497-1, Humana Press, a part of Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2009 A 55-year-old female with chronic renal failure is seen for evaluation of lower extremity edema and ankle pain. This 41-year-old patient presents with a 4-year history of recurrent sinusitis in the setting of a positive P-ANCA, destructive nasopharyngeal mass, and ophthalmoplegia.The differential diagnosis includes infection with a refractory organism, such as mucormycosis or tuberculosis, malignancy, midline granuloma, or vasculitis.


id: cord-017479-s4e47bwx
title: Spectators and Victims: Between Denial and Projection
author: Pulcini, Elena
date: 2012-03-16
txt: ./txt/cord-017479-s4e47bwx.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-017479-s4e47bwx.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122052/
doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-4482-0_6
summary:
  52 But while denial appears, as we have seen, effective in explaining the lack of perception and the anaesthetizing of fear in the face of the nuclear threat, selfdeception can prove pertinent in order to understand the complex emotional response that individuals give to the other global risk already brought up above: that is, the twofold environmental risk of global warming and the depletion of the ozone layer, which by no means seems to generate that mobilization of the whole of humankind which it would instead -urgently -require. 66 However, what I would like to stress, to go back to Anders''s diagnosis, is the fact that -in this case at least -this worrying reversal originates in the pathologies of feeling and the denial of fear, which prevent individuals from recognizing their paradoxical condition of spectators and victims at the same time.

abstract:
  This chapter goes into the unproductive metamorphosis of fear, and analyses the defence mechanisms that it generates: namely denial and projection. In the case of global risks, fear provokes self-defensive strategies based on denial (in the face of the nuclear challenge) and self-deception (in the face of global warming); and, in the case of the threat of the other, projective and persecutory strategies based on reactivating the dynamic of the ‘scapegoat’. They are two contrasting but specular responses which, at the emotional level, reflect the divarication between (unlimited) individualism and (endogamous) communitarianism. The first, implosive response converts into an absence of fear, attested to above all by the figure of the global spectator, while the second, explosive response converts into an excess of fear (fear of the other, fear of contamination), fuelled by forms of reinventing community. These responses are defined as irrational since in the first case they inhibit the spectator’s capacity to recognize himself as also a potential victim of the threats, thus preventing his mobilization, and in the second case they give rise to dynamics of demonization-dehumanization of the other, which result in a spiral of violence and impede forms of solidarity.


id: cord-018401-josb16pi
title: Hierarchical Self-Assembled Peptide Nano-ensembles
author: Kumaraswamy, Priyadharshini
date: 2014-03-01
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123264/
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-31107-9_23
abstract:
  A variety of peptides can be self-assembled, i.e. self-organized spontaneously, into large and complex hierarchical structures, reproducibly by regulating a range of parameters that can be environment driven, process driven, or peptide driven. These supramolecular peptide aggregates yield different shapes and structures like nanofibers, nanotubes, nanobelts, nanowires, nanotapes, and micelles. These peptide nanostructures represent a category of materials that bridge biotechnology and nanotechnology and are found suitable not only for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery but also in nanoelectronics.


id: cord-024921-rcpdrpo7
title: Entrepreneurial homeworkers
author: Kim, Nam Kyoon N.
date: 2020-05-18
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232591/
doi: 10.1007/s11187-020-00356-6
abstract:
  Nearly 40% of British self-employees are homeworkers. Using a large representative sample of the UK longitudinal survey data, we explore the determinants of self-employed homeworking, distinguishing between genders. We reject the notion that homeworking is a transitional entrepreneurial state that the self-employed “grow out of”, while establishing that both employer status and business structure play an important role in predicting which self-employed become homeworkers. Our findings also shed light on two outstanding puzzles in entrepreneurship scholarship: why so few of the self-employed create jobs for others, and why on average the self-employed suffer an earnings penalty compared with employees.


id: cord-025278-6ttdtjvn
author: Rao, Pritika
date: 2020-05-27
txt: ./txt/cord-025278-6ttdtjvn.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-025278-6ttdtjvn.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250586/
doi: 10.1007/s43253-020-00015-2
summary:
  In the face of large-scale global issues, that Lazaric (2020) refers to as "grand challenges," fraught with uncertainties and informational asymmetries, we delve deeper into the complexities of the factors that influence decision-making at various levels as we try to make sense of behavior. We wonder if reasons include the outright rejection of facts or perhaps the unwillingness to even receive information that has the potential adversely affect one''s welfare or self-interests—a tendency that Grossman and Van Der Weele (2017) term "willful ignorance." We conclude with a few lessons and recommendations that can help understand and motivate behavior. Grossman and Van Der Weele (2017) cite an important behavioral trait that they term "willful ignorance," or the act of "avoiding information about adverse welfare consequences of self-interested decisions"(p.1). Routines involve both cognitive and political dynamics that inform collective learning, just as habits also take knowledge, social, and institutional structure considerations into account (Lazaric 2000) .

title:
  Behavioral economics in the time of coronavirus: rebellion or “willful ignorance” in the face of “grand challenges”

abstract:
  This article considers the curious case of human behavior in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. We have observed that individuals, societies, and nations are exhibiting various irrationalities that are worth studying more closely. Applying the insights and research of reputed behavioral economists to these unprecedented circumstances, we explore possible explanations for individual and collective actions that appear, in many cases, to be highly counterintuitive. In the face of large-scale global issues, that Lazaric (2020) refers to as “grand challenges,” fraught with uncertainties and informational asymmetries, we delve deeper into the complexities of the factors that influence decision-making at various levels as we try to make sense of behavior. We wonder if reasons include the outright rejection of facts or perhaps the unwillingness to even receive information that has the potential adversely affect one’s welfare or self-interests—a tendency that Grossman and Van Der Weele (2017) term “willful ignorance.” We conclude with a few lessons and recommendations that can help understand and motivate behavior.


id: cord-026742-us7llnva
author: Gonçalves, Judite
date: 2020-06-15
txt: ./txt/cord-026742-us7llnva.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-026742-us7llnva.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7293961/
doi: 10.1007/s11187-020-00360-w
summary:
  Our main findings, based on a sample of about 6,500 individuals followed monthly from 2005 to 2011 and who switch between self-employment and wage work along that period, suggest that self-employment has a positive effect on health as it reduces the likelihood of hospital admission by at least half. A recent study finds significantly lower work-related stress among self-employed individuals without employees compared with wage workers, using longitudinal data from Australia and controlling for individual fixed effects (Hessels et al. The main research question in this study is "What is the impact of self-employment on the likelihood of hospital admission?" We answer this question based on a large sample of administrative social security records representative of the working-age population in Portugal, that includes almost 130,000 self-employed and wage workers followed between January 2005 and December 2011.

title:
  Effects of self-employment on hospitalizations: instrumental variables analysis of social security data

abstract:
  The importance of self-employment and small businesses raises questions about their health effects and public policy implications, which can only be addressed with suitable data. We explore the relationship between self-employment and health by drawing on comprehensive longitudinal administrative data to explore variation in individual work status and by applying novel instrumental variables. We focus on an objective outcome—hospital admissions—that is not subject to recall or other biases that may affect previous studies. Our main findings, based on a sample of about 6,500 individuals followed monthly from 2005 to 2011 and who switch between self-employment and wage work along that period, suggest that self-employment has a positive effect on health as it reduces the likelihood of hospital admission by at least half.


id: cord-029192-yxk040wl
title: Societal Expectations from Automated Road Mobility: Results of a Survey in Germany
author: Halil, Yasmin
date: 2020-06-12
txt: ./txt/cord-029192-yxk040wl.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-029192-yxk040wl.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7360354/
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-52840-9_8
summary:
  Twelve questions were asked to get an overview of the participants'' opinions on the potential of self-driving vehicles regarding climate impact, time and monetary savings, the willingness to use automated vehicles, as well as their safety and risks. They performed computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) asking people to evaluate AVs with regard to their potential to increase the quality of life in cities, in terms of time and financial savings, and finally, regarding the reduction of traffic jams. The first relevant survey question asked was: "How high do you assess the potential of self-driving vehicles to enhance the quality of life in cities, e.g. due to smoother traffic flow?". According to the survey results (see Fig. 1 ), 42% of the interviewed persons think that the potential of self-driving vehicles to enhance the quality of life in cities is high (29%) or very high (13%).

abstract:
  This chapter summarizes the results of a survey among 1,000 interviewed persons that was conducted in Germany. The aim was to obtain a current picture of the population’s expectations from self-driving (automated) vehicles. Twelve questions were asked to get an overview of the participants’ opinions on the potential of self-driving vehicles regarding climate impact, time and monetary savings, the willingness to use automated vehicles, as well as their safety and risks. The results are compared to the current state of expert knowledge. The main finding is that the German population is skeptical towards self-driving vehicles. In comparison to a scientific perspective, the population is underestimating the potential and possible benefits of automated vehicles, while the risks are assessed similarly. In the conclusions, the findings of the studyare assessed in view of the COVID-19 pandemic.


id: cord-030800-fgvc3qw8
author: Tao, Yun
date: 2020-07-31
txt: ./txt/cord-030800-fgvc3qw8.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-030800-fgvc3qw8.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7411466/
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01477
summary:
  Therefore, in order to examine how and when father-child and mother-child attachment were linked to adolescents'' self-injury behavior, negative emotion and emotional coping style are listed as possible mediating factors. Thus, all these studies have demonstrated that unhealthy father-child and mother-child attachment can directly trigger junior high school students'' negative emotions, and that the influencing mechanisms are actually different. To sum up, it is believed that negative emotion may affect emotional coping style; therefore, it is essential to examine the serial mediating roles of these two factors in the correlations between father or mother-child attachment and self-injury behavior. Finally, we expected there to be a serial mediating role played by negative emotion and emotional coping style in the correlations between father or mother-child attachment and self-injury behavior. This study finds that father-child and mother-child attachment of junior high school students can both directly negatively influence self-injury behavior, which conforms to the basic view of interpersonal or systematic models (Crouch and Wright, 2004) .

title:
  The Impact of Parent–Child Attachment on Self-Injury Behavior: Negative Emotion and Emotional Coping Style as Serial Mediators

abstract:
  In order to explore the relationship between parent–child attachment, negative emotion, emotional coping style, and self-injury behavior, 662 junior high school students in four junior middle schools in China’s Yunnan Province were investigated using a parent–child attachment questionnaire, adolescent negative emotion questionnaire, emotional coping style scale, and adolescent self-injury behavior scale. As a result, two mediate models were created to explain how parent–child attachment affects self-injury behavior. Negative emotion and emotional coping style play serial mediating roles in mother–child and father–child attachment models, respectively. The results show that negative emotion mediates between self-injury behavior and both father–child and mother–child attachment, while emotional coping style only functions between father–child attachment and self-injury behavior. By means of bootstrap analysis, negative emotion and emotional coping style have serial mediating roles concerning the impact of parent–child attachment on self-injury behavior. By comparison, the father–child and mother–child attachment have different mediating models: the former relies on emotional coping style, while the latter is associated with emotional experiences. This implies that parent–child attachment has different mechanisms in triggering self-injury behavior, which is in line with the hypothesis of attachment specificity.


id: cord-032627-i3u9np23
title: Psychometric properties of the Iranian version of self-care ability scale for the elderly
author: Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad
date: 2020-09-22
txt: ./txt/cord-032627-i3u9np23.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-032627-i3u9np23.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7510275/
doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01775-6
summary:
  CONCLUSION: Results of the study showed that the Iranian version of the SASE has good psychometric properties and can be used in assessing the self-care ability of elderly people. Considering the growth of the aging population in Iran and the need to provide health, medical and social services in accordance with their needs; measuring self-care ability in the elderly is a necessary issue. Therefore, the purpose of study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the SASE in order to provide a standard, valid, and reliable instrument for measuring the elderly''s self-care ability. In general, the results of the current study demonstrated that Iranian version of the SASE had a valid and reliable instrument for assessing self-care ability in the Iranian older population. Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the self-care ability scale for the elderly

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Measuring self-care ability in elderly people needs specific instruments. The Self-care Ability Scale for Elderly (SASE) is one of the common instruments used for assessing self-care ability. The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the SASE among Iranian elderly population. METHODS: This cross-cultural adaptation study was carried out at Shahid Chamran and Shadpour Health Complex in Tabriz, Iran. The forward-backward procedure was applied to translate the SASE from English into Persian. Then, it was completed to 220 elderly people. A systematic random sampling method was used for sampling. Content validity was calculated through modified Kappa coefficient (modified CVI) based on clarity and relevance criteria. Reliability was measured by internal consistency and test-retest analysis. The construct validity also was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). All the statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 21 statistical software package. RESULTS: The mean of self-care ability was 61.14 ± 21.08. The CVI and modified kappa were 0.91 and 0.92 for relevance and clarity, respectively. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.73 and Intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.97. The results of EFA revealed a three-factor solution (‘ability to take care of personal responsibility’, ‘ability to take care for the goals’, and ‘ability to take care of the health’) that jointly explained for 64.61% of the total variance. CONCLUSION: Results of the study showed that the Iranian version of the SASE has good psychometric properties and can be used in assessing the self-care ability of elderly people.


id: cord-034437-lore5krk
author: de Kervenoael, Ronan
date: 2020-10-30
txt: ./txt/cord-034437-lore5krk.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-034437-lore5krk.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7597422/
doi: 10.1057/s41291-020-00141-z
summary:
  E-detailing engagement and management encapsulates both promises and dilemma calling specifically for an investigation on self-governance accomplished by expert professionals who have to work on a daily basis to shape appropriate conditions for emerging actions along the problematized principles of legitimacy, efficiency, democracy, and accountability (Hennart 2015; Li 2003; Wedeman 2011) .The leading pharmaceutical firm''s (e.g., the SMT platform provider) position orchestrates the market-actors'' endeavors, collective actions and network conditions for specific purposes. Moving from general to more-specific questions, we asked about HCPs day-to-day experiences with e-detailing, including their experiences on pharmaceutical "X" e-detailing platform; approaches and managing the acquisition, creation, sharing, and retention of information; how those issues affect accomplishing their work (i.e., relevance of knowledge, effective process of knowledge evaluation and knowledge protection ability; evolvement of the FPSMT process with other professional actors (e.g., mutually beneficial decision-making process; better understanding of other market-actors'' views regarding dispute resolution; daily practices and opportunities with "X" SMT and any restrictions or challenges they faced).

title:
  Business-to-business and self-governance practice in the digital knowledge economy: learning from pharmaceutical e-detailing in Thailand

abstract:
  This study investigates self-governance within business-to-business (B2B) in the digital knowledge economy. To do so, we elicit the engagement of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and medical science liaisons (MSLs) with “for-profit social media technology” (FPSMT) in e-detailing. Using data from 23 in-depth interviews with HCPs (physicians and pharmacists) and MSLs in Thailand, we show that e-detailing fosters self-governance as a practice. The data identify how FPSMT, as privatized social media managed by large firms, represents a tool for self-governance that is articulated by expert professionals along three cognitive frames: aspiration, regulation, and responsibilisation. Through FPSMT, professionals in highly regulated B2B ecosystems engage in self-governance practice to develop pooled views that are influenced by personal and collective rules. The perspective on self-governance as a practice that is offered allows to understand how B2B network governance rely on professionals’ engagement to foster aspirations for the collective agenda, beyond the narrow pursuit of sales’ objectives.


id: cord-034566-rfncgtnf
title: Self-reliant India: self of a nation or a national self?
author: Sarukkai, Sundar
date: 2020-11-02
txt: ./txt/cord-034566-rfncgtnf.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-034566-rfncgtnf.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7605322/
doi: 10.1007/s40847-020-00115-z
summary:
  Then I try and attempt to understand why the notion of the self (which is so much related to the individual) is invoked in the context of the nation. As I also mentioned above, these new examples of self-reliance came in response to the prior situation of our society functioning largely as a ''service society'' as well as the deeply social nature of individual lives in places like India. (It is important not to conflate the outsider and the other in this context.) The idea of self-rule is an essential component of any notion of the nation since the nation, by definition, gets defined with respect to the insider-outsider dichotomy. Gandhi''s understanding of self-rule illustrates the need for invoking the idea of self in the context of the nation. The difference between these formulations is quite stark and impacts the way we understand self-reliance in the context of the nation.

abstract:
  The pandemic has led to a renewed reflection on what it means to be self-reliant in terms of our everyday practices. Nations too follow this logic in their own claims of self-reliance. This paper discusses the implications in these claims of self-reliance in the context of the nation by positioning this claim within the tension between two different formulations of the self: self of the nation as against the idea of national self.


id: cord-035447-xjv64wp2
title: Compassion for Oneself and Others Protects the Mental Health of First Responders
author: McDonald, Mollie A.
date: 2020-11-13
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7662019/
doi: 10.1007/s12671-020-01527-y
abstract:
  OBJECTIVES: First responders are at elevated risk for psychological distress from frequent exposure to potentially traumatic events. Self-compassion may buffer against the negative impact of these stressors, and the potential emotional challenges of having high levels of compassion for others. However, little is known about the psychological impact of compassion in first responders. We examined how self-compassion, compassionate love for others, and service role interacted to predict mental health in a diverse group of first responders. METHODS: First responders (N = 171) with both traditional and emotional support roles completed an online survey including measures of self-compassion, compassionate love, psychological distress, post-traumatic stress, secondary traumatic stress, burnout, resilience, compassion satisfaction, and life satisfaction. RESULTS: Greater self-compassion and compassionate love both independently predicted less depersonalization (|β|s ≥ .18, ps < .01). Greater self-compassion predicted less general psychological distress, post-traumatic stress, secondary traumatic stress, and emotional exhaustion, as well as greater resilience and life satisfaction (|β|s ≥ .35, ps < .001). Greater compassionate love predicted greater personal accomplishment and compassion satisfaction for all first responders (|β|s ≥ .30, ps < .001); for traditional first responders only, greater self-compassion predicted greater personal accomplishment and compassion satisfaction (role x self-compassion; |β|s ≥ .16, ps < .05). Emotional support first responders reported less emotional exhaustion and greater resilience than traditional first responders (|β|s ≥ .21, ps < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Self-compassion and compassionate love each play important roles in promoting mental health among first responders. Programs designed to increase compassion could be beneficial in this population. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12671-020-01527-y.


id: cord-252839-mg7gxi3f
author: Zhao, Xiaolin
date: 2020-05-21
txt: ./txt/cord-252839-mg7gxi3f.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-252839-mg7gxi3f.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389945720302240?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.021
summary:
  Therefore, we investigated the influence of perceived stress on the sleep quality of the non-diseased general public and developed a moderated mediation model to explain said relationship. Results showed that a 7 higher level of perceived stress significantly predicted lower sleep quality (see Model 1 of 8 Table 2 ). When controlling for perceived stress, higher anxiety significantly predicted lower sleep 10 quality (see Model 3 of Table 2 ). Simple slope tests suggested that, for 7 individuals with high (Mean + SD; B simple = 0.59, t = 13.06, p < .001) and low (Mean -SD; 8 B simple = 0.73, t = 16.80, p < .001) self-esteem, higher perceived stress predicted higher 9 anxiety ( Figure 4a ). 4 Table 3 also shows the interaction (Model 2) between perceived stress and self-esteem, 5 which significantly predicted sleep quality. This suggests that self-esteem moderated the 6 direct effect of perceived stress on sleep quality.

title:
  Perceived Stress and Sleep Quality Among the Non-diseased General Public in China During the 2019 Coronavirus Disease: A Moderated Mediation Model

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide, and its associated stressors have resulted in decreased sleep quality among front-line workers. However, in China, the general public displayed more psychological problems than the front-line workers during the pandemic. Therefore, we investigated the influence of perceived stress on the sleep quality of the non-diseased general public and developed a moderated mediation model to explain said relationship. METHODS: Questionnaire-based surveys were conducted online from February 18–25, 2020 with 1,630 Chinese participants (aged 18–68 years). RESULTS: Around one-third (36.38%) of participants were poor sleepers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, higher perceived stress was significantly associated with higher anxiety levels, which, in turn, was associated with lower sleep quality. Self-esteem moderated the indirect effect of perceived stress on sleep quality through its moderation of the effect of perceived stress on anxiety. This indicated that the mediation effect of anxiety was stronger in those with low levels of self-esteem than in those with high levels of self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that both the sleep quality and perceived stress levels of the non-diseased general public required attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings also identify personality characteristics related to better sleep quality, demonstrating the important role of self-esteem in environmental adaptation.


id: cord-254471-4lomiv5d
author: Kupcewicz, Ewa
date: 2020-07-27
txt: ./txt/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-254471-4lomiv5d.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155392
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155392
summary:
  Background: This study analyzed the role of global self-esteem and selected sociodemographic variables in predicting life satisfaction of nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. The results of research on global self-esteem and life satisfaction conducted in Poland, Spain and Slovakia indicate that global self-assessment is related to the subjective well-being of nursing students. Within a given country, no significant differences in the average results for global self-esteem or sense of satisfaction with life were noted in relation to selected sociodemographic characteristics such as age, gender and year of study. In the group of Slovak students, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life was observed on an average level ( Figure 5 ). In the group of Slovak students, a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001) between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life was observed on an average level ( Figure 5 ).

title:
  Role of Global Self-Esteem in Predicting Life Satisfaction of Nursing Students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia

abstract:
  Background: This study analyzed the role of global self-esteem and selected sociodemographic variables in predicting life satisfaction of nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia. Methods: The study subjects were full-time nursing students from three European countries. A diagnostic survey was used as a research method, while the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (SES) and the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) were used to collect data. Results: The research was performed on a group of 1002 students. The mean age of those surveyed was 21.6 (±3.4). The results showed significant differences both in the level of the global self-esteem index (F = 40.74; p < 0.0001) and in the level of general satisfaction with life (F = 12.71; p < 0.0001). A comparison of the structure of results demonstrated that there were significantly fewer students with high self-esteem in Spain (11.06%) than in Poland (48.27%) and in Slovakia (42.05%), while more students with a high sense of life satisfaction were recorded in Spain (64.90%) than in Poland (37.87%) or in Slovakia (47.44%). A positive, statistically significant correlation was found between global self-esteem and satisfaction with life in the group of Slovak students (r = 0.37; p < 0.0001), Polish students (r = 0.31; p < 0.0001) and Spanish students (r = 0.26; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a regression analysis proved that three variables explaining a total of 12% output variation were the predictors of life satisfaction in Polish students. The regression factor was positive (ßeta = 0.31; R(2) = 0.12), which indicates a positive correlation and the largest share was attributed to global self-esteem (9%). In the group of Spanish students, global self-esteem explained 7% (ßeta = 0.27; R(2) = 0.07) of the output variation and 14% in the group of Slovak students (ßeta = 0.38; R(2) = 0.14). Conclusions: The global self-esteem demonstrates the predictive power of life satisfaction of nursing students, most clearly marked in the group of Slovak students. The measurement of the variables under consideration may facilitate the planning and implementation of programs aimed at increasing self-esteem among young people and promoting the well-being of nursing students.


id: cord-254494-wbfgrez1
author: Shi, Chunhong
date: 2020-10-14
txt: ./txt/cord-254494-wbfgrez1.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-254494-wbfgrez1.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.2147/dmso.s268481
doi: 10.2147/dmso.s268481
summary:
  RESULTS: Barriers to diabetes self-management identified by patients with diabetes during isolation were categorized into five major themes: inadequate knowledge and behavioral beliefs, shortage of resources, suffering from health problems, negative emotions, and lack of support. Studies in developed countries such as the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Singapore have found that common barriers to self-management include poor communication between patients and healthcare providers, limited accessibility to healthcare facilities, lack of family support, inadequate disease knowledge and limited disease treatment methods, lack of motivation for change, physical and cognitive disorders, limited access to diabetes education, and financial barriers. This study addressed a gap in this field by interviewing patients with diabetes subjected to medical isolation after recovering from COVID-19 to gain a deeper understanding of the barriers to diabetes self-management, and provide new perspectives and approaches for the design of interventions and formulation of policies.

title:
  Barriers to Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes During COVID-19 Medical Isolation: A Qualitative Study

abstract:
  PURPOSE: Diabetes self-management behaviors are necessary to obtain optimum glycemic control, reduce the risk of complications, and improve health outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic imposes an additional struggle for self-management by diabetes patients. Although previous studies have reported socio-demographic, behavioral, psychological, and cultural barriers to diabetes self-management, little is known about perceived barriers to diabetes self-management among patients during isolation following their recovery from COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to explore perceived barriers among type 2 diabetes patients during isolation following their recovery from COVID-19. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive research design was utilized. Semi-structured telephonic interviews were conducted with 12 patients with diabetes who had been discharged from one COVID-19 designated hospital and underwent isolation in the designated facilities in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven steps. RESULTS: Barriers to diabetes self-management identified by patients with diabetes during isolation were categorized into five major themes: inadequate knowledge and behavioral beliefs, shortage of resources, suffering from health problems, negative emotions, and lack of support. CONCLUSION: Perceived barriers to diabetes self-management described by diabetes patients indicated a lack of environmental resources and support strategies to meet their needs. Efforts to remove barriers are important in assisting patients with diabetes to improve their quality of life and health outcomes.


id: cord-257003-749zpxuy
author: Onchonga, David
date: 2020-08-14
txt: ./txt/cord-257003-749zpxuy.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-257003-749zpxuy.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837218/
doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.08.003
summary:
  The respondents'' gender, level of education, age, marital status, level of participation in physical activity, and drug reaction events, were significantly associated with self-medication before and during the outbreak (P < 0.05). The objectives of the study included: (a) to evaluate the prevalence of self-medication reported by healthcare workers before and during the outbreak, (b) to identify the common conditions for self-medication before and during the outbreak (c) to investigate the sociodemographic characteristics and health patterns associated with self-medication among different cadres of healthcare workers before and during the outbreak. The results showed statistically significant differences between self-medication and gender, physical activity, adverse drug reaction, work shift, marital status, level of education, and cadre. The study did not find any significant association between self-medication and adverse drug reaction before the outbreak of COVID-19. This study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic to investigate the prevalence of selfmedication and associated factors among healthcare workers in Kenya before and during outbreak.

title:
  Assessing the Prevalence of Self-Medication among Healthcare Workers before and during the 2019 SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Kenya

abstract:
  Abstract Background Self-medication plays a key role in public health as it influences both negatively and positively on the health of individuals and the existing healthcare systems. This is especially the case during public health emergencies like the 2019 SARS-CoV-2 disease. Objectives The study aimed at assessing the prevalence of self-medication before and during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors. Methods Stratified sampling was used to select 379 study respondents. The authors developed an online questionnaire, pretested and submitted to various online professional groups of different cadres of health workers. Collected data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data was presented in tables, graphs, percentages, and cross-tabulation with different variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to ascertain factors that influence an individual’s desire to self-medicate and associations were considered significant at p<0.05. Results The overall prevalence of self-medication increased from 36.2% (n=137) before the pandemic to 60.4% (n=229) during the pandemic. The respondents' gender, level of education, age, marital status, level of participation in physical activity, and drug reaction events, were significantly associated with self-medication before and during the outbreak (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that engaging in physical activity, working during the day and being healthy were less likely to choose self-medication (p < 0.01). Conclusion Self-medication is an important health issue, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Continuous awareness creation and sensitization could help in reducing self-medication practices among healthcare workers.


id: cord-264629-kuknvemy
author: Sáez, Gemma
date: 2020-07-01
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32630323/
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134747
title:
  The Effect of Prescription Drugs and Alcohol Consumption on Intimate Partner Violence Victim Blaming

abstract:
  Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a public health problem with harsh consequences for women’s well-being. Social attitudes towards victims of IPV have a big impact on the perpetuation of this phenomenon. Moreover, specific problems such as the abuse of alcohol and drugs by IPV victims could have an effect on blame attributions towards them. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the external perception (Study 1) and self-perception (Study 2) of blame were influenced by the victims’ use and abuse of alcohol or by the victims’ use of psychotropic prescription drugs. Results of the first study (N = 136 participants) showed a significantly higher blame attribution towards female victims with alcohol abuse compared to those without it. No significant differences were found on blame attributed to those with psychotropic prescription drugs abuse and the control group. Results of the second study (N = 195 female victims of interpersonal violence) showed that alcohol consumption is associated with higher self-blame and self-blame cognitions among IPV victims. However, results did not show significant differences on self-blame associated to the victims’ use of psychotropic prescription drugs. Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption, but not prescription drugs use, plays a relevant role in the attribution of blame by general population and self-blame by victims of IPV.


id: cord-264785-kkd2pyp3
title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Adherence and Self-Management
author: Plevinsky, Jill M
date: 2020-09-26
txt: ./txt/cord-264785-kkd2pyp3.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-264785-kkd2pyp3.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32929482/
doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa079
summary:
  Given the prevalence and multi-faceted impact of nonadherence on pediatric health outcomes, the primary goal of this article is to identify and address how circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic may affect adherence and self-management among youth with chronic medical conditions. Although the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic and its broad impact (both positive and negative) across individual, family, community, and healthcare systems factors impact pediatric adherence and self-management, pediatric psychologists have the expertise to recognize, assess, and address these challenges to promote health outcomes. Youth with chronic medical conditions and their families are resilient, and with support from their medical teams and behavioral health providers, can achieve optimal adherence and self-management despite the challenges brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.

abstract:
  The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unique circumstances that have the potential to both positively and negatively affect pediatric adherence and self-management in youth with chronic medical conditions. The following paper discusses how these circumstances (e.g., stay-at-home orders, school closures, changes in pediatric healthcare delivery) impact disease management at the individual, family, community, and healthcare system levels. We also discuss how barriers to pediatric adherence and self-management exacerbated by the pandemic may disproportionately affect underserved and vulnerable populations, potentially resulting in greater health disparities. Given the potential for widespread challenges to pediatric disease management during the pandemic, ongoing monitoring and promotion of adherence and self-management is critical. Technology offers several opportunities for this via telemedicine, electronic monitoring, and mobile apps. Moreover, pediatric psychologists are uniquely equipped to develop and implement adherence-promotion efforts to support youth and their families in achieving and sustaining optimal disease management as the current public health situation continues to evolve. Research efforts addressing the short- and long-term impact of the pandemic on pediatric adherence and self-management are needed to identify both risk and resilience factors affecting disease management and subsequent health outcomes during this unprecedented time.


id: cord-265937-f39md0vk
title: Use of the Smartphone and Self-Concept in University Students According to the Gender Variable
author: Cachón-Zagalaz, Javier
date: 2020-06-12
txt: ./txt/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-265937-f39md0vk.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32545435/
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124184
summary:
  The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between self-concept and the use of the smartphone by university students in terms of gender. It should be noted that the two main constructs of this research (self-concept and the use of the smartphone) can influence each other, since one of the transcendental uses that young people give to the mobile phone is access to social networks in which they continually interact by publishing photographs with the intention of showing a lifestyle, real or imaginary. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between the self-concept of university students and the use they make of their mobile phones, also analyzing the gender variable. When analyzing the results obtained in the relationship between the dimensions of self-concept and the use of the smartphone, it is found that there are statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the academic and emotional self-concepts, with those subjects who have severe problems with the use of the mobile phone scoring in both dimensions lower.

abstract:
  The university stage comprises a very important and vital period in the modification of students’ lifestyles, and these changes can affect their self-concept. The excessive use of technology today can also influence the formation of their identity. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between self-concept and the use of the smartphone by university students in terms of gender. The sample included 253 students (mean age 21.39 ± 3.27) of the Primary Education Degree of the University of Jaén (106 men and 147 women). A questionnaire was used to unify several instruments: a sociodemographic questionnaire, a Self-Concept Form-5 questionnaire (AF-5), and a questionnaire on cell phone-related experiences (CERM). The results show the existence of significant differences between both genders in the academic, emotional, and social dimensions of self-concept, with women showing a greater academic self-concept and men showing an emotional and physical one. Regarding the use of the smartphone in relation to self-concept, significant differences are found in the academic and emotional dimensions depending on the degree of use. In addition, in relation to the use of the smartphone, it has been detected that half of the students present potential problems. It is concluded that there is a relationship between both constructs, especially the academic and emotional self-concept.


id: cord-266342-9iql8yib
title: Staying on track in turbulent times: Trait self-control and goal pursuit during self-quarantine
author: Kokkoris, Michail D.
date: 2021-02-15
txt: ./txt/cord-266342-9iql8yib.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-266342-9iql8yib.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110454
doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110454
summary:
  High self-control people''s ability to continue performing pre-pandemic goal-directed behaviors and to turn new behaviors into habits explained their success at goal attainment despite the major disruptions caused by the pandemic. At the same time, regardless of whether high self-control people were more likely to continue engaging in their pre-pandemic goal-directed behaviors, it is intriguing whether self-control promotes flexibility and the ability to develop new goal-directed behaviors to adapt to the current situation as well. Thus, we investigated whether people with higher self-control would be more flexible to adjust to the new situation, would find it easier to develop new behaviors to reach their goals and would be more likely to turn these behaviors into habits that support their goal pursuit. lower) self-control made more progress towards their goals, and whether they did so by continuing performing their pre-existing goal-directed behaviors and/or by being more flexible and able to develop new behaviors and turn them into habits.

abstract:
  Prior research has shown that routines and beneficial habits largely explain high self-control people's success at goal pursuit. However, COVID-19 self-quarantine measures and country-level lockdowns have largely challenged people's ability to stick to their daily routines and habits. How successful at goal pursuit are people with high self-control when the world around them is not as it used to be? We examined if self-control passes the ‘quarantine test’. In an online study (N = 271), we measured trait self-control, goal progress, continued engagement in pre-pandemic goal-directed behaviors, development of new goal-directed behaviors and turning these new behaviors into habits. Results showed that during lockdown, people with higher (vs. lower) trait self-control were not only more likely to continue engaging in pre-pandemic goal-directed behaviors, but also found it easier to develop new goal-directed behaviors and were more likely to turn these behaviors into habits. High self-control people's ability to continue performing pre-pandemic goal-directed behaviors and to turn new behaviors into habits explained their success at goal attainment despite the major disruptions caused by the pandemic.


id: cord-277086-j7hih6o9
author: Atchison, Christina J
date: 2020-04-03
url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.01.20050039
doi: 10.1101/2020.04.01.20050039
title:
  Perceptions and behavioural responses of the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey of UK Adults

abstract:
  Objective: To examine risk perceptions and behavioural responses of the UK adult population during the early phase of the COVID-19 epidemic in the UK. Design: A cross-sectional survey Setting: Conducted with a nationally representative sample of UK adults within 48 hours of the UK Government advising the public to stop non-essential contact with others and all unnecessary travel. Participants: 2,108 adults living in the UK aged 18 years and over. Data were collected between March 17 and 18 2020. Main outcome measures: Descriptive statistics for all survey questions, including the number of respondents and the weighted percentages. Logistic regression was used to identify sociodemographic variation in: (1) adoption of social-distancing measures, (2) ability to work from home, and (3) willingness and (4) ability to self-isolate. Results Overall, 1,992 (94.2%) respondents reported taking at least one preventive measure: 85.8% washed their hands with soap more frequently; 56.5% avoided crowded areas and 54.5% avoided social events. Adoption of social-distancing measures was higher in those aged over 70 compared to younger adults aged 18 to 34 years (aOR:1.9; 95% CI:1.1 to 3.4). Those with the lowest household income were six times less likely to be able to work from home (aOR:0.16; 95% CI:0.09 to 0.26) and three times less likely to be able to self-isolate (aOR:0.31; 95% CI:0.16 to 0.58). Ability to self-isolate was also lower in black and minority ethnic groups (aOR:0.47; 95% CI:0.27 to 0.82). Willingness to self-isolate was high across all respondents. Conclusions The ability to adopt and comply with certain NPIs is lower in the most economically disadvantaged in society. Governments must implement appropriate social and economic policies to mitigate this. By incorporating these differences in NPIs among socio-economic subpopulations into mathematical models of COVID-19 transmission dynamics, our modelling of epidemic outcomes and response to COVID-19 can be improved.


id: cord-277454-i8f7gckb
title: Complications Following Self-Administration of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: Literature Review
author: Rauso, Raffaele
date: 2020-10-14
txt: ./txt/cord-277454-i8f7gckb.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-277454-i8f7gckb.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.2147/ccid.s276959
doi: 10.2147/ccid.s276959
summary:
  The purpose of the present study is to review published literature regarding complications following self-administration of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. [3] [4] [5] [6] Conversely, the present literature review showed a significant low incidence of reported complications following self-administration of HA filler: only 4 case reports have been published. The concern in medical literature arose almost 10 years ago, with the editorial published by Pickett in 2011: "Serious issues relating to counterfeit dermal fillers available from Internet sources", nonetheless, the number of reported complications following self-injection of HA filler is low. In the present paper a review of complications following self-administration of HA fillers was performed; the number of reported complications is low although internet searches regarding the same topic show that selfadministration of HA fillers is a widely a discussed phenomenon in several on-line forums.

abstract:
  The purpose of the present study is to review published literature regarding complications following self-administration of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. The following keywords were searched in Pubmed and Cochrane database: filler AND self injection, hyaluronic acid AND self injection; filler AND self administration; hyaluronic acid AND self administration. Two authors performed title and abstract eligibility assessment independently. Gray literature and all articles cited in the included papers were also screened and their reference lists were examined to identify other potentially pertinent studies. Non-English papers were excluded. A total of 4 complications following self injection of HA were identified. Conversely, after performing a general search through the Google Internet search engine, with the item “self-injection of hyaluronic acid filler”, there were 604,000 hits. The number of articles reporting complications after the self administration of HA is few. Despite that internet searches on the same topic shows that self-administration of HA fillers is a widely discussed phenomenon in several on-line forums. The present review suggests that complications after self-injection of HA are an under-reported phenomenon.


id: cord-278860-nplrx07z
title: Professional nurses’ facilitation of self-care in intensive care units: A concept analysis
author: Chipu, Mpho
date: 2020-08-18
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.08.002
doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.08.002
abstract:
  OBJECTIVE: This article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the concept of self-care and outline its defining attributes, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents. METHODS: The literature was searched electronically using databases such as CINAHL, Medline, Psych INFO, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Amed, EBSCO (Health Source: Nursing and Academic Edition), Sage, Ujoogle and Google Scholar. Articles from 2013 to 2020 were searched to target recent and up-to-date information about the definitions, attributes, antecedents and consequences of the concept of self-care. Walker and Avant's framework was utilised to analyse the concept of self-care. RESULTS: The results of the concept analysis identified seven attributes, namely process, activity, capability, autonomous choice, education, self-control and interaction. The seven identified antecedents are self-motivation, participation, commitment, resources, religious and cultural beliefs, social, spiritual and professional support, and the availability of time. The consequences are the maintenance of health and wellbeing, autonomy, increased self-esteem, disease prevention, empowerment, increased social support and the ability to cope with stress. CONCLUSIONS: The result of the concept analysis was used to describe a model to facilitate professional nurses’ self-care in the intensive care unit.


id: cord-284648-yznlgzir
title: Recent trends in protein and peptide-based biomaterials for advanced drug delivery
author: Varanko, Anastasia
date: 2020-08-29
txt: ./txt/cord-284648-yznlgzir.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-284648-yznlgzir.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.008
doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.008
abstract: nan
summary:
  Albumin is the most abundant protein in human plasma and has a set of properties that make it a unique molecular carrier for drugs: (i) it is a natural physiological carrier of native ligands and nutrients; (ii) it bypasses systemic clearance and degradation by the body''s own innate mechanisms, so that it has an exceptionally long half-life of 19 days in humans, and similarly long half-lives in most animal species [123] [124] [125] [126] ; (iii) it preferentially accumulates at sites of vascular leakiness; (iv) it is highly internalized and metabolized by rapidly growing, nutrient-starved cancer cells; and (v) it is biodegradable and has no known systemic toxicity. Other notable examples of albumin-based delivery systems involve the genetic fusion of ABD to various therapeutic proteins including affibodies [165, 166] , human soluble complement receptor type 1 [167] , single chain antibody-drug conjugates [168] , insulin-like growth factor II [169] , immunotoxins [170] , and respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A (RSV-A) G protein (G2Na) [171] .


id: cord-285386-kvo544hh
author: Wen, Ya
date: 2020-06-23
txt: ./txt/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-285386-kvo544hh.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32585938/
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124511
summary:
  Some studies have found that entrepreneurial passion has a mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and sustainability, indicating that emotion has an important value in entrepreneurship [67] ; based on the Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (FSQCA), some researchers conducted causal and effective decision tests on the structural effects of entrepreneurial passion, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and risk perception [68] . It is of positive value to study the emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of vocational college students for the development of entrepreneurial education. This study explores the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of a sample of Chinese vocational college students. This study explores the entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence of a sample of Chinese vocational college students. First, our research showed that there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence reported by vocational college students. First, our research showed that there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence reported by vocational college students.

title:
  The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy of Chinese Vocational College Students

abstract:
  The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The sample consisted of 529 students. The tools used to measure the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial self-efficacy were the Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Wong and Law and the Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Zhan. The results showed that there was a significant difference between male and female college students in entrepreneurial self-efficacy, but no significant difference between male and female college students in emotional intelligence. In entrepreneurial self-efficacy as well as emotional intelligence, there were significant differences between the third grade and the first and second grade, respectively. In addition, the results showed a significant positive correlation between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and emotional intelligence. With the improvement of the emotional intelligence level of vocational college students, the entrepreneurial self-efficacy will increase. The lower the emotional intelligence, the faster the improvement in entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The higher the emotional intelligence, the more stable the entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The university stage is considered an ideal entrepreneurial period, especially for vocational colleges’ students, who pay more attention to entrepreneurship and innovation education. Encouraging the cultivation of the emotional intelligence of vocational college students in life will help to improve personal entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This research emphasizes that improving the emotional intelligence of vocational college students can enhance their sense of self-efficacy in entrepreneurship and help students with entrepreneurship and career development.


id: cord-289488-vyjhoa65
author: Machida, Masaki
date: 2020-08-03
txt: ./txt/cord-289488-vyjhoa65.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-289488-vyjhoa65.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32765185/
doi: 10.1186/s41182-020-00250-7
summary:
  CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of strict self-isolation among participants who experienced cold-like symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak was extremely low, and 62.2% of these participants went to work within 7 days after symptom onset. Thus, this study aimed to clarify the actual implementation of self-isolation among Japanese workers who experienced fever or other cold symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak and factors inhibiting this measure. Participants were first asked, "Have you experienced fever or other cold symptoms since February 17, 2020?" The date February 17, 2020, was when the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare requested citizens to begin practicing self-isolation [6] . In the third wave survey, participants stated their occupation (company employee, self-employed, part-time job, government worker, homemaker, unemployed, student, other) and responded to the following about employment-related constraints that may inhibit the practice of self-isolation: can work from home (yes/no), will not be paid if leave is taken (yes/no), and may be terminated if leave is taken (yes/no) [12] .

title:
  The actual implementation status of self-isolation among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 outbreak

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Self-isolation is an important personal protective measure in inhibiting the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as people carry out economic and social activities amid its spread. Yet few studies have clarified the actual implementation status of self-isolation during an outbreak. This study aimed to reveal the actual implementation of self-isolation among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 outbreak and the factors inhibiting this measure. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on an internet survey completed by 1,226 workers (60.0% men) living in 7 prefectures (i.e., Tokyo, Kanagawa, Saitama, Chiba, Ibaraki, Tochigi, and Gunma) who were selected among registrants of an Internet research company, between May 12 and 17, 2020. Participants were asked whether they had experienced fever or other cold symptoms between February 17, 2020 and the date of the survey. Those who responded affirmatively were asked where they had visited (e.g., hospital, work, and shopping for groceries or necessities) to clarify whether they had left the house within 7 days after symptom onset. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to clarify the relationship between going to work within 7 days after symptom onset and both sociodemographic factors and employment-related constraints. RESULTS: Of the survey participants, 82 had experienced fever or other cold symptoms (6.7%). Among these participants, 51 (62.2%) went to work within 7 days after symptom onset. A mere 17.1% practiced strict self-isolation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that those living outside the metropolitan area (i.e., Ibaraki, Tochigi, and Gunma), working as a company employee, and being unable to work from home were associated with going to work within 7 days after symptom onset. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of strict self-isolation among participants who experienced cold-like symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak was extremely low, and 62.2% of these participants went to work within 7 days after symptom onset. This study highlights the need for further public awareness regarding self-isolation and countermeasures against factors that obstruct it.


id: cord-301635-6fjdphmw
author: Rant, Melita Balas
date: 2020-11-30
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1472811720303931
doi: 10.1016/j.ijme.2020.100426
title:
  Sustainable development goals (SDGs), leadership, and Sadhguru: SELF-TRANSFORMATION becoming the aim of leadership development

abstract:
  The context of the SDGs resembles the properties of a complex adaptive system (CAS). CAS requires a specific form of leadership and leaders capable of creating social movements and via that way inducing large-scale system transformation towards the attainment of SDGs. Leaders capable of creating social movements tend to be those who occupy the highest levels of adult development (also referred as orders of consciousness). In this paper, we study the leadership approach towards the attainment of SDGs of leader, humanist and mystic from India Jaggi Vasudev Sadhguru. We have chosen him because he has initiated several social movements that have already created effects specified by SDGs. We study his approach to leadership by applying Kegan's (1994) framework of meaning-making and subject-object theory for the 5th order of consciousness. After analyzing Sadhguru's approach from that perspective, we discuss how leadership development programs should be re-designed to produce more leaders of Sadhguru's type. We contribute to the gap between adult development and leadership development if the aim is to facilitate the vertical development of participants towards the highest order of consciousness which in effect will be more capable of attaining SDGs.


id: cord-307543-piust0s6
author: Oh, Hyang Soon
date: 2018-05-14
url: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.17.188
doi: 10.3961/jpmph.17.188
title:
  Knowledge, Perceptions, and Self-reported Performance of Hand Hygiene Among Registered Nurses at Community-based Hospitals in the Republic of Korea: A Cross-sectional Multi-center Study

abstract:
  OBJECTIVES: To assess the nurses’ hand hygiene (HH) knowledge, perception, attitude, and self-reported performance in small- and medium-sized hospitals after Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. METHODS: The structured questionnaire was adapted from the World Health Organization’s survey. Data were collected between June 26 and July 14, 2017. RESULTS: Nurses showed scores on knowledge (17.6±2.5), perception (69.3±0.8), self-reported HH performance of non-self (86.0±11.0), self-reported performance of self (88.2±11.0), and attitude (50.5±5.5). HH performance rate of non-self was Y(1)=36.678+ 0.555X1 (HH performance rate of self) (adjusted R(2)=0.280, p<0.001). The regression model for performance was Y(4)=18.302+0.247X(41) (peception)+0.232X(42) (attitude)+0.875X(42) (role model); coefficients were significant statistically except attitude, and this model significant statistically (adjusted R(2)=0.191, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Advanced HH education program would be developed and operated continuously. Perception, attitude, role model was found to be a significant predictors of HH performance of self. So these findings could be used in future HH promotion strategies for nurses.


id: cord-310145-wvu79t45
author: Daly, Bradford D.
date: 2020-10-23
txt: ./txt/cord-310145-wvu79t45.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-310145-wvu79t45.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40688-020-00328-3
doi: 10.1007/s40688-020-00328-3
summary:
  Lewis and King (2019) described efforts to integrate a self-care unit into social work students'' field experiences, and provided qualitative evidence attesting to the benefits to students, providing a potential model for school psychology training programs to use. Therefore, this study was designed to provide an in depth understanding of the self-care practices of two cohorts of graduate students following a sustained semester-long intervention to integrate self-care into the school psychology training curriculum through a systematic case study inquiry. This approach was selected as the major goals included understanding how participants appraised and planned self-care strategies to cope, how participants adjusted these plans over the course of the semester, and how the participants evaluated the intervention and plan as being effective in helping them meet the stressors experienced during graduate school.

title:
  A Case Study Exploration into the Benefits of Teaching Self-Care to School Psychology Graduate Students

abstract:
  It has long been established that school psychology practitioners experience high levels of burnout. As a means of preventing burnout among future practitioners, school psychology training programs are frequently encouraged to teach and model self-care to students. This is particularly important as the current generation of graduate students experience high levels of anxiety and depression, but there have been very few examples in the research literature of how training programs should teach self-care and whether it is actually effective. The current study presents results from an exploratory case study, which integrated self-care instruction into graduate school psychology curriculum with a small sample (N = 22) of first-year school psychology students across two separate cohorts. Students created written plans with self-care strategies that they attempted to implement over the course of their first semester in graduate school. A qualitative review of their plans and written reflections revealed that students described many sources of stress upon entry into training, and most needed to revise their strategies for coping as stresses changed during the semester. Overall, student reflections revealed that the self-care activities were helpful to meet the demands of their graduate education.


id: cord-316690-s8jtv4an
author: Xiong, Huan
date: 2020-09-08
txt: ./txt/cord-316690-s8jtv4an.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-316690-s8jtv4an.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32900271/
doi: 10.1177/0046958020957114
summary:
  title: The Psychological Status and Self-Efficacy of Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey We performed a cross-sectional survey to investigate the psychological status and self-efficacy of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak between 16th and 25th February 2020. 8 A multinational, multicentre study showed that out of 906 health care workers who participated in the survey during COVID-19 pandemic suffered from expansive range of physical symptoms, 5.3% was moderate to very-severe depression, and 8.7% was moderate to extremely-severe anxiety. 23, 24 This study was to examine the psychological status and self-efficacy of nurses still working in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak, and explore the relationships among demographic variables, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy. This survey was to investigate psychological status and self-efficacy of nurses in public hospital, still caring for patients during COVID-19 outbreak. In conclusion, our results show that nurses in non government designated hospital have great prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms during COVID-19 outbreak.

title:
  The Psychological Status and Self-Efficacy of Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey

abstract:
  A novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out and gradually developed into a global public health problem. Health care workers, especially nurses, suffered from great occupational pressure and psychological distress during the outbreak of infectious diseases. We performed a cross-sectional survey to investigate the psychological status and self-efficacy of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak between 16th and 25th February 2020. A total of 223 nurses participated in this study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms was 40.8% (CI 95%: 34.4%-47.2%) and 26.4% (CI 95%: 20.6%-42.2%), respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among demographic variables. There was significant differences in the prevalence of depression symptoms according to professional titles (P = .020). The mean score of self-efficacy was 25.90 ± 7.55. The self-efficacy was negatively correlated with anxiety (r = −0.161, P < .05). The psychological status of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak needs our attention. Improving nurses’ self-efficacy in dealing with emerging infectious diseases may be helpful to their psychology.


id: cord-317912-v2wovcqd
author: Akmatov, Manas K.
date: 2012-11-14
txt: ./txt/cord-317912-v2wovcqd.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-317912-v2wovcqd.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048508
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048508
summary:
  found similar detection rates for respiratory pathogens between self-and staffcollected midturbinate swabs when one staff-collected and one selfcollected swab were taken from opposite nostrils during the same visit to a campus health center [5] . In the study center, a trained staff member (A.G.) obtained a nasal swab (regular flocked swab, Copan, Brescia, Italy, product number 359C) from the participant''s left nostril and instructed him/her how to perform a self-swab. Sensitivity and specificity of self-collected swabs, obtained in the study center, to detect viral respiratory pathogens (compared to staff-collected swabs)*. The detection of a viral pathogen was independent of the amount of b-actin DNA in both staff-and self-swabs collected on day 1 (Fig. 4) . This prospective study comparing staff-and self-collected nasal swabs for the detection of ARI pathogens clearly demonstrated the validity of self-swabbing; specifically, self-swabbing was not inferior in terms of acceptance, satisfaction, sample adequacy, and viral detection rate.

title:
  Equivalence of Self- and Staff-Collected Nasal Swabs for the Detection of Viral Respiratory Pathogens

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: The need for the timely collection of diagnostic biosamples during symptomatic episodes represents a major obstacle to large-scale studies on acute respiratory infection (ARI) epidemiology. This may be circumvented by having the participants collect their own nasal swabs. We compared self- and staff-collected swabs in terms of swabbing quality and detection of viral respiratory pathogens. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a prospective study among employees of our institution during the ARI season 2010/2011 (December-March). Weekly emails were sent to the participants (n = 84), reminding them to come to the study center in case of new symptoms. The participants self-collected an anterior nasal swab from one nostril, and trained study personnel collected one from the other nostril. The participants self-collected another two swabs (one from each nostril) on a subsequent day. Human β-actin DNA concentration was determined in the swabs as a quality control. Viral respiratory pathogens were detected by multiplex RT-PCR (Seeplex RV15 kit, Seegene, Eschborn, Germany). Of 84 participants, 56 (67%) reported at least one ARI episode, 18 participants two, and one participant three. Self-swabbing was highly accepted by the participants. The amount of β-actin DNA per swab was higher in the self- than in the staff-collected swabs (p = 0.008). β-actin concentration was lower in the self-swabs collected on day 1 than in those collected on a subsequent day (p<0.0001). A respiratory viral pathogen was detected in 31% (23/75) of staff- and in 35% (26/75) of self-collected swabs (p = 0.36). With both approaches, the most frequently identified pathogens were human rhinoviruses A/B/C (12/75 swabs, 16%) and human coronavirus OC43 (4/75 swabs, 5%). There was almost perfect agreement between self- and staff-collected swabs in terms of pathogen detection (agreement = 93%, kappa = 0.85, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Nasal self-swabbing for identification of viral ARI pathogens proved to be equivalent to staff-swabbing in this population in terms of acceptance and pathogen detection.


id: cord-321036-nqg9tz4s
title: Confinement during Covid-19 outbreak modifies athletes’ self-based goals
author: Mascret, Nicolas
date: 2020-09-07
txt: ./txt/cord-321036-nqg9tz4s.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-321036-nqg9tz4s.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101796
doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101796
summary:
  Because achievement goals are context-specific, the study first investigated the evolution of two achievement goals of 697 regular athletes, namely self-approach goals (improving oneself) and self-avoidance goals (avoiding regression), before and during the confinement situation and the physical exercise restrictions due to the Covid-19 outbreak. The results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that self-approach and self-avoidance goals were both found as positive predictors of intention to exercise during confinement. The second aim of the study was to examine the potential predicting role of self-11 approach and self-avoidance goals on athletes'' intention to exercise during confinement. The results showed that self-approach and self-avoidance goals were both 10 positive predictors of intention to exercise during confinement. The results of the present study indicated that the confinement situation and the 21 physical exercise restrictions due to the Covid-19 outbreak influenced self-based goals of 22 regular athletes of different sport levels.

abstract:
  Because achievement goals are context-specific, the study first investigated the evolution of two achievement goals of 697 regular athletes, namely self-approach goals (improving oneself) and self-avoidance goals (avoiding regression), before and during the confinement situation and the physical exercise restrictions due to the Covid-19 outbreak. Secondly, we sought to examine the potential predicting role of self-approach and self-avoidance goals on athletes’ intention to exercise during confinement, while self-avoidance goals were usually not related to this outcome in a more traditional context. Using a retrospective correlational design, the results of repeated measures ANOVA highlighted that self-approach goals scores decreased while self-avoidance goals scores increased and became the athletes’ goals with the highest score during confinement. The results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that self-approach and self-avoidance goals were both found as positive predictors of intention to exercise during confinement. This study reinforces the assumptions that (a) a specific achievement setting encourages the adoption of different achievement goals (which was identified here with regular athletes in an unusual context of confinement), (b) self-avoidance goals are not always maladaptive, and (c) shifting among multiple goals according to the requirements of the situation may be beneficial.


id: cord-321621-maym3iah
author: Rogala, Anna
date: 2020-04-23
url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214782920300166?v=s5
doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100322
title:
  Internet-based self-help intervention aimed at increasing social self-efficacy among internal migrants in Poland: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

abstract:
  BACKGROUND: Migration is a challenging life transition that may be a source of various problems related to well-being and mental health. However, the psychological adaptation of migrants may be potentially facilitated by social self-efficacy—the beliefs in one's ability to initiate and maintain interpersonal relationships. Previous research suggests that social self-efficacy is positively related to adjustment and negatively related to loneliness, depression, and psychological distress. Research also confirms that self-efficacy beliefs can be effectively enhanced using Internet-based interventions. These results served as a background for creating the New in Town, a self-help Internet-based intervention for internal migrants in Poland that aims at increasing social self-efficacy. Exercises in the intervention are based on the principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and relate to sources of self-efficacy beliefs: mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasions, and emotional and physiological states. Users complete increasingly challenging tasks that encourage them to interact with their environment. The aim of this trial was to investigate the efficacy of the New in Town intervention. METHODS: The efficacy of the New in Town intervention will be tested in a two-arm randomized controlled trial with a waitlist control group. Social self-efficacy will be the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes will include loneliness, perceived social support, and satisfaction with life. Additionally, we will measure user experience among participants allocated to the experimental group. We aim to recruit a total of N = 280 participants aged at least 18 years who have changed their place of residence in the last 6 months and have an Internet connection. Participants will be assessed at baseline, 3-week post-test, and 8-week follow-up. DISCUSSION: The trial will provide insights into the efficacy of Internet-based self-help interventions in increasing social self-efficacy. Given that the intervention works, New in Town could provide an easily accessible support option for internal migrants in Poland. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT04088487) on 11th September 2019.


id: cord-322679-jrsg8pdk
author: Hu, Na
date: 2020-10-09
txt: ./txt/cord-322679-jrsg8pdk.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-322679-jrsg8pdk.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576515
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.576515
summary:
  Our study also indicates that improvements in the family environment benefit the mental health care of the medical staff, and high self-efficacy enhances this effect. Mediating effect analysis was performed to explore the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between family environment and symptoms of anxiety and depression. The results showed that there were statistically significant relationships between the anxiety and depressive symptoms of medical staff, their family environment, and their sense of self-efficacy. The medical staff members with low cohesion and expressiveness, as well as high conflict in the family environment, were more likely to show anxiety and depressive symptoms during the epidemic. In the current study, we found that the anxiety and depressive symptoms of medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak was closely related to their family environment, and their self-efficacy regulated the relationship between them.

title:
  Impact of the Family Environment on the Emotional State of Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy

abstract:
  During the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the medical staff was facing severe work pressure, which led to a negative emotional state. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the family environment and the emotional state of the medical staff members during the COVID-19 outbreak. Due to the importance of self-efficacy in regulating mental health, the mediating role of self-efficacy in the association between family environment and emotional state was also explored. A cross-sectional survey was performed, using an online questionnaire, on 645 medical staff who participated in the epidemic prevention and control tasks during the COVID-19 outbreak in Beijing. Family environment, self-efficacy, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were measured by the Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), respectively. Correlation analysis and mediating effect analysis were used to explore the relationships between them. First, a higher prevalence of anxiety (39%) and depressive (33%) symptoms were confirmed among the medical staff. Second, the symptoms of anxiety and depression were negatively correlated with the dimensions of cohesion and expressiveness and positively correlated with the dimensions of conflict in the FES-CV scale. Third, self-efficacy significantly mediated the association between the family environment and anxiety symptoms (P < 0.001) as well as the family environment and depressive symptoms (P < 0.001). These findings show that a negative family environment was the main predictor of symptoms of anxiety and depression in the medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, we found that self-efficacy played a critical mediating role between the family environment and the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Our study also indicates that improvements in the family environment benefit the mental health care of the medical staff, and high self-efficacy enhances this effect.


id: cord-326971-jekqhslx
author: Schnepper, Rebekka
date: 2020-10-09
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33162922/
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.595806
title:
  Being My Own Companion in Times of Social Isolation – A 14-Day Mobile Self-Compassion Intervention Improves Stress Levels and Eating Behavior

abstract:
  The worldwide spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the resulting lockdown has affected the whole world and the maintenance of healthy eating behavior might be an additional challenge. Self-compassion (SC) interventions emphasize not only treating oneself in a caring way regarding personal weaknesses, e.g., diet lapses, but also the recognition of shared human suffering. Thus, self-compassion might be particularly valuable during the current worldwide crisis due to COVID-19. In this study, N = 65 participants that wanted to lose weight or develop a healthier eating behavior were randomized to either a 14-day self-compassion intervention arm or a waitlist control arm. The intervention consisted of daily journaling exercises and meditations via smartphone with a focus on improving eating behavior. Before and after the intervention phase, questionnaires on self-compassion, eating, dieting, health behavior, stress, and emotion regulation were completed and body weight was determined. Participants in the treatment arm (n = 28) showed an increase in self-compassion, a decrease in perceived stress, eating in response to feeling anxious, and, on trend level, body mass index (BMI). Changes in self-compassion fully mediated changes in stress. No such effects were found in the waitlist control group (n = 29). Thus, self-compassion might help to maintain well-being and healthy eating habits in times of increased stress and isolation. Future studies should replicate these findings outside of the COVID-19 crisis and test the effect of self-compassion in samples with eating disorders or weight problems.


id: cord-329291-wx1g8i3o
title: Credibility of self-reported health parameters in elderly population
author: Amster, Roi
date: 2020-06-10
txt: ./txt/cord-329291-wx1g8i3o.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-329291-wx1g8i3o.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1017/s1463423620000201
doi: 10.1017/s1463423620000201
summary:
  AIM: Examining the credibility of self-reported height, weight, and blood pressure by the elderly population using a tablet in a retirement residence, and examining the influence of health beliefs on the self-reporting credibility. METHODS: Residents of a retirement home network filled a questionnaire about their health beliefs regarding hypertension and obesity and self-reported their height, weight, and blood pressure. From a clinical perspective, the overall gap between the measured and the self-reported BMI (M = 1.43, SD = 2.72), which represents an absolute gap of 0.74 kilograms and 2.95 centimeters, is expected to have only a mild influence on the physician''s clinical evaluation of the patient''s medical condition. Our goal in this study is to examine the credibility of self-reported height, weight, and blood pressure by the elderly population living in a retirement residence to a tablet and explore the influence of health beliefs on the self-reporting credibility.

abstract:
  AIM: Examining the credibility of self-reported height, weight, and blood pressure by the elderly population using a tablet in a retirement residence, and examining the influence of health beliefs on the self-reporting credibility. BACKGROUND: Obesity is a major problem with rising prevalence in the western world. Hypertension is also a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Self-report, remotely from the clinic, becomes even more essential when patients are encouraged to avoid visiting the clinic as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reporting of height and weight is suspected of leading to underestimation of obesity prevalence in the population; however, it has not been well studied in the elderly population. The Health Belief Model tries to predict and explain decision making of patients based on the patient’s health beliefs. METHODS: Residents of a retirement home network filled a questionnaire about their health beliefs regarding hypertension and obesity and self-reported their height, weight, and blood pressure. Blood pressure, height, and weight were then measured and compared to the patients’ self-reporting. FINDINGS: Ninety residents, aged 84.90 ± 5.88, filled the questionnaire. From a clinical perspective, the overall gap between the measured and the self-reported BMI (M = 1.43, SD = 2.72), which represents an absolute gap of 0.74 kilograms and 2.95 centimeters, is expected to have only a mild influence on the physician’s clinical evaluation of the patient’s medical condition. This can allow the physician to estimate their patient’s BMI status before the medical consultation and physical examination upon the patient’s self-reporting. Patients’ dichotomous (normal/abnormal) self-report of their blood pressure condition was relatively credible: positive predictive value (PPV) of 77.78% for normal blood pressure (BP) and 78.57% for abnormal BP. The relatively high PPV of BP self-reporting demonstrates an option for the physician to recognize patients at risk. Regression analysis found no correlation between the anthropometric parameters and the Health Belief Model.


id: cord-329312-bvnky9yr
author: Alemany-Arrebola, Inmaculada
date: 2020-10-09
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33154727/
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.570017
title:
  Influence of COVID-19 on the Perception of Academic Self-Efficacy, State Anxiety, and Trait Anxiety in College Students

abstract:
  The worldwide pandemic situation caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to a state of confinement of the population, which has caused, following consulted research, an increase in stress. Faced with this situation, the Spanish university not only had to adapt to the changes derived from the causes of the pandemic but also had to face a new methodological model—e-learning teaching—for which not all teachers and students were prepared. This could cause an increase in stress due to the uncertainty caused by this time of change. This research analyzes the relationship between perceived self-efficacy in the confinement period and the level of trait anxiety (TA) and state anxiety (SA) during COVID-19. Four hundred twenty-seven students from the University of Granada (Spain) participated in this study. The adaptation of two scales that measure perceived academic self-efficacy and anxiety (TA and SA) has been applied. The results indicated that there was an inversely proportional relationship between anxiety and self-efficacy; men showed the highest perception of self-efficacy, while women had higher scores in TA and SA; the latter was accentuated in cases when a relative died. To conclude, students who show a higher level of anxiety (TA and SA) express more negative emotions and also perceive themselves with less academic self-efficacy. Therefore, a stressful situation (pandemic and confinement) together with a critical event (illness and death of a relative/friend due to COVID-19) increases anxiety levels and influences the perception of academic self-efficacy.


id: cord-331675-ipryt7o7
title: Can high quality listening predict lower speakers' prejudiced attitudes?()
author: Itzchakov, Guy
date: 2020-08-06
url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0022103120303620
doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104022
abstract:
  Theorizing from humanistic and motivational literatures suggests attitude change may occur because high quality listening facilitates the insight needed to explore and integrate potentially threatening information relevant to the self. By extension, self-insight may enable attitude change as a result of conversations about prejudice. We tested whether high quality listening would predict attitudes related to speakers' prejudices and whether self-insight would mediate this effect. Study 1 (preregistered) examined scripted conversations characterized by high, regular, and poor listening quality. In Study 2, we manipulated high versus regular listening quality in the laboratory as speakers talked about their prejudiced attitudes. Finally, Study 3 (preregistered) used a more robust measure of prejudiced attitudes to test whether perceived social acceptance could be an alternative explanation to Study 2 findings. Across these studies, the exploratory (pilot study and Study 2) and confirmatory (Studies 1 & 3) findings were in line with expectations that high, versus regular and poor, quality listening facilitated lower prejudiced attitudes because it increased self-insight. A meta-analysis of the studies (N = 952) showed that the average effect sizes for high quality listening (vs. comparison conditions) on self-insight, openness to change and prejudiced attitudes were, ds = 1.19, 0.46, 0.32 95%CIs [0.73, 1.51], [0.29, 0.63] [0.12, 0.53], respectively. These results suggest that when having conversations about prejudice, high-quality listening modestly shapes prejudice following conversations about it, and underscore the importance of self-insight and openness to change in this process.


id: cord-332496-xxz6qd3i
title: Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Confinement and Its Relationship with Meditation
author: Jiménez, Óliver
date: 2020-09-11
txt: ./txt/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-332496-xxz6qd3i.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186642
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186642
summary:
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, considering any protective factors, such as the practice of meditation or self-compassion, and their relationship with different lifestyles and circumstances of adults residing in Spain. A cross-sectional study was done using an anonymous online survey in which 412 participants filled out the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-2; the Impact of Events Scale; and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, reporting severe symptomatology of posttraumatic stress and mild anxiety and depression. In spite of these limitations, the results of this study provide important information on the psychological and social impact of the first three weeks of a COVID-19 quarantine period, including that self-compassion might be an important protective factor, and may be used as a reference in future epidemics or outbreaks of the virus that provoke similar short or long-term situations to generate hypotheses for improvement of prevention and intervention.

abstract:
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, considering any protective factors, such as the practice of meditation or self-compassion, and their relationship with different lifestyles and circumstances of adults residing in Spain. A cross-sectional study was done using an anonymous online survey in which 412 participants filled out the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-2; the Impact of Events Scale; and the Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, reporting severe symptomatology of posttraumatic stress and mild anxiety and depression. Quality of cohabitation and age were found to be key variables in the psychological impact of confinement. The impact of confinement was more negative for those who reported very poor cohabitation as opposed to very good (F (3, 405) = 30.75, p ≤ 0.001, d = 2.44, r = 0.054) or for those under 35 years of age compared to those over 46 (F (2, 409) = 5.14, p = 0.006, d = 0.36). Practicing meditation was not revealed as a protective factor, but self-compassion was related to better cohabitation during confinement (F (3, 403) = 11.83, p ≤ 0.001, d = 1.05). These results could be relevant in designing psychological interventions to improve coping and mental health in other situations similar to confinement.


id: cord-338007-fa4i981h
title: First Things First: Parent Psychological Flexibility and Self-Compassion During COVID-19
author: Coyne, Lisa W.
date: 2020-05-06
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32377315/
doi: 10.1007/s40617-020-00435-w
abstract:
  The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about significant stress and anxiety for many parents around the world. Psychological flexibility and self-care are fundamental aspects of psychological health. For parents, shaping these processes may help promote family nurturance, support children’s prosocial behavior, and provide effective and consistent use of evidence-based parenting “kernels.” The goal of this article is to provide practitioners with evidence-based tools that will support psychological flexibility, self-care, and positive parenting behaviors in caregivers during COVID-19 and beyond.


id: cord-341724-yxkobcw9
author: Di Fabio, Annamaria
date: 2020-05-11
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32394994/
doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110109
title:
  The relationship of compassion and self-compassion with personality and emotional intelligence in organizations

abstract:
  The two studies presented in this article examine the relationships of personality traits and trait emotional intelligence (EI) with compassion and self-compassion in samples of Italian workers. Study 1 explored the relationship between trait EI and both compassion and self-compassion, controlling for the effects of personality traits in 219 workers of private Italian organizations. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that trait EI explained variance beyond that accounted for by personality traits in relation to both compassion and self-compassion. Study 2 analyzed the contribution of trait EI in mediating the relationship between personality traits and both compassion and self-compassion of 231 workers from public Italian organizations with results supporting the mediating role of trait EI.


id: cord-349371-3htcturz
title: Embracing the collective through medical education
author: Bleakley, Alan
date: 2020-10-30
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-020-10005-y
doi: 10.1007/s10459-020-10005-y
abstract:
  The journal Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice has, under Geoff Norman’s leadership, promoted a collaborative approach to investigating educationally-savvy and innovative health care practices, where academic medical educators can work closely with healthcare practitioners to improve patient care and safety. But in medical practice in particular this networked approach is often compromised by a lingering, historically conditioned pattern of heroic individualism (under the banner ‘self help’). In an era promising patient-centredness and inter-professional practices, we must ask: ‘when will medicine, and its informing agent medical education, embrace democratic habits and collectivism?’ The symptom of lingering heroic individualism is particularly prominent in North American medical education. This is echoed in widespread resistance to a government-controlled public health, where the USA remains the only advanced economy that fails to provide universal health care. I track a resistance to collectivist medical-educational reform historically from a mid-nineteenth century nexus of influential thinkers who came, some unwittingly, to shape North American medical education within a Protestant-Capitalist individualist tradition. This tradition still lingers, where some doctors recall a fictional ‘golden age’ of medical practice and education, actually long since eclipsed by fluid inter-professional health care team practices. I cast this tension between conservative traditions of individualism and progressive collectivism as a political issue.


id: cord-349712-7xte6v2q
title: Letter to the editor
author: Linde, Annika
date: 2016-08-08
txt: ./txt/cord-349712-7xte6v2q.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-349712-7xte6v2q.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27540312/
doi: 10.2147/clep.s111574
abstract: nan
summary:
  1 Of importance is that already in the beginning of 2015, we showed in our research work that nasal self-sampling is feasible in large-scale surveillance of respiratory infections. 2 We developed a scheme for self-sampling with nasal swabs as part of the study of work environment and disease epidemiology-infections (SWEDE-I). The cohort consisted of 2,237 men and women aged 25-63 years old, who reported all instances of respiratory tract infection or gastroenteritis from September 2011 to May 2012, and sent their self-sampled nasal swabs for analysis, by regular mail. Our findings show that nasal self-sampling is feasible in large-scale surveillance of respiratory infections, and opens up new prospects for population-based, virologically verified research on virus spread, burden of disease, and effects of environmental factors or interventions. Pilot study of participant-collected nasal swabs for acute respiratory infections in a low-income, urban population Self-sampling for analysis of respiratory viruses in a large-scale epidemiological study in Sweden


id: cord-350569-dtxtjtfo
author: Kasoka, Kasoka
date: 2020-06-13
txt: ./txt/cord-350569-dtxtjtfo.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-350569-dtxtjtfo.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11019-020-09959-y
doi: 10.1007/s11019-020-09959-y
summary:
  In most SSA countries the ethic or value of personal autonomy or self-determination is promoted as primary in HIV testing decision-making. Without rethinking the value of autonomy in HIV testing decision-making, the article cautions that attainment of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 and the UNAIDS fast-track strategy that explicitly call to end the epidemic by 2030 will not be feasible for SSA. 9 My article interrogates the personal autonomy arguments and reaches a conclusion that the philosophy surrounding the value is problematic, as well as, it is silent on the ethics of the actual implications of an autonomous decision in HIV testing (Selemogo 2010) . HIV testing ethics, in particular informed consent requirements that are now premised on personal autonomy, should reflect a human being who is unique and yet a creature of the inescapable inculcating environment that makes her the ''I That Is We''.

title:
  Autonomy in HIV testing: a call for a rethink of personal autonomy in the HIV response in sub-Saharan Africa

abstract:
  The author reviews various conceptions of autonomy to show that humans are actually not autonomous, strictly speaking. He argues for a need to rethink the personal autonomy approaches to HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. HIV/AIDS has remained a leading cause of disease burden in SSA. It is important to bring this disease burden under control, especially given the availability of current effective antiretroviral regimens in low- and middle-income countries. In most SSA countries the ethic or value of personal autonomy or self-determination is promoted as primary in HIV testing decision-making. SSA policymakers have an ontological and moral duty to adopt HIV testing policies that reflect human and medical realities, relationships, local contexts, and respect human rights for both individuals and others who are affected by HIV in society. Without rethinking the value of autonomy in HIV testing decision-making, the article cautions that attainment of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 and the UNAIDS fast-track strategy that explicitly call to end the epidemic by 2030 will not be feasible for SSA.


id: cord-352431-yu7kxnab
author: Langbeheim, Elon
date: 2020-08-25
txt: ./txt/cord-352431-yu7kxnab.txt
cache: ./cache/cord-352431-yu7kxnab.txt
extension: .txt
mime: text/plain
url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-020-09855-3
doi: 10.1007/s10956-020-09855-3
summary:
  It examines the factors shaping the teachers'' self-efficacy and attitudes towards integrating computational modeling within inquiry-based learning modules for 9th grade physics. Surprisingly, the short interaction with computational modeling increased the group''s self-efficacy, and the average rating of understanding and enjoyment was similar among teachers with and without prior programming experience. Therefore, the goal of this study is to examine science teachers'' attitudes towards introducing computational model construction in the context of inquiry-based learning in physics. The first research question asked how do teachers'' prior experiences in teaching physics influence their self-efficacy and attitudes towards inquiry-based learning practices in a PD workshop. 2. In order to investigate the 2nd research question regarding the influence of teachers'' prior involvement with programming on their self-efficacy in, and experience of computational modeling that involves coding in a PD workshop, we used the following data sources:

title:
  Science Teachers’ Attitudes towards Computational Modeling in the Context of an Inquiry-Based Learning Module

abstract:
  This study focuses on science teachers’ first encounter with computational modeling in professional development workshops. It examines the factors shaping the teachers’ self-efficacy and attitudes towards integrating computational modeling within inquiry-based learning modules for 9th grade physics. The learning modules introduce phenomena, the analysis of measurement data, and offer a method for coordinating the experimental findings with a theory-based computational model. Teachers’ attitudes and self-efficacy were studied using survey questions and workshop activity transcripts. As expected, prior experience in physics teaching was related to teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching physics in 9th grade. Also, teachers’ prior experience with programming was strongly related to their self-efficacy regarding the programming component of model construction. Surprisingly, the short interaction with computational modeling increased the group’s self-efficacy, and the average rating of understanding and enjoyment was similar among teachers with and without prior programming experience. Qualitative data provides additional insights into teachers’ predispositions towards the integration of computational modeling into the physics teaching. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s10956-020-09855-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.


