id sid tid token lemma pos cord-285910-rw2byz31 1 1 key key NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 1 2 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 1 cord-285910-rw2byz31 cord-285910-rw2byz31 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 2 authors author NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 3 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 4 Stahl Stahl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 6 Guillaume Guillaume NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 7 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 8 McCarty McCarty NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 9 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 10 Gregory Gregory NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 11 P P NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 12 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 13 Farabaugh Farabaugh NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 15 Philip Philip NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 16 J J NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 17 title title NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 18 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 19 Ribosome Ribosome NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 20 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 21 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 22 revisiting revisit VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 24 connection connection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 25 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 26 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 27 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 28 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 29 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 30 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 31 date date NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 32 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 33 2002 2002 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 34 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 35 04 04 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 36 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 37 01 01 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 38 journal journal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 2 39 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 1 Trends trend NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 2 Biochem Biochem NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 3 Sci Sci NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 4 DOI DOI NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 5 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 6 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 7 / / SYM cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 8 s0968 s0968 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 10 0004(02)02064 0004(02)02064 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 11 - - SYM cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 12 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 13 sha sha NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 3 14 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 4 1 3efeba9029aeb71ef2c9ca017f97c131aabee648 3efeba9029aeb71ef2c9ca017f97c131aabee648 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 4 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 4 3 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 4 4 285910 285910 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 4 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 4 6 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 5 1 rw2byz31 rw2byz31 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 2 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 5 molecular molecular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 6 machine machine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 7 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 8 converts convert VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 9 genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 10 information information NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 13 form form NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 17 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 18 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 6 19 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 1 Recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 2 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 3 studies study NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 4 reveal reveal VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 5 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 6 complex complex JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 7 set set NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 9 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 10 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 12 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 13 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 15 ligands ligand NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 17 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 19 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 20 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 21 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 22 indicate indicate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 23 ways way NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 24 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 25 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 26 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 27 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 28 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 29 avoid avoid VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 30 costly costly JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 31 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 32 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 7 33 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 1 Ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 2 must must MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 3 decode decode VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 4 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 5 successive successive JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 6 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 7 accurately accurately RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 9 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 10 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 11 data datum NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 12 provide provide VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 14 clear clear JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 15 indication indication NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 17 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 18 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 19 limit limit VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 20 recruitment recruitment NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 21 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 23 wrong wrong JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 24 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 26 sense sense NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 27 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 8 29 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 2 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 3 triplet triplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 4 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 5 based base VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 6 genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 7 code code NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 8 there there EX cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 9 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 10 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 11 potential potential JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 12 forward forward RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 13 reading read VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 14 frames frame NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 15 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 16 only only RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 17 one one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 19 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 20 encodes encode VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 22 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 23 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 9 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 1 Errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 2 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 3 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 6 reads read VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 7 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 8 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 9 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 12 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 13 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 14 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 17 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 19 occur occur VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 20 less less RBR cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 21 frequently frequently RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 22 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 23 sense sense NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 24 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 25 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 26 although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 27 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 28 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 29 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 30 clear clear JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 31 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 32 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 33 data datum NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 34 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 35 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 36 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 37 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 38 avoided avoid VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 10 39 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 1 Some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 2 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 5 termed term VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 6 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 7 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 9 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 10 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 11 cause cause VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 13 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 14 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 15 change change VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 16 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 17 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 11 18 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 1 Based base VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 2 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 3 recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 4 work work NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 5 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 6 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 7 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 9 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 10 article article NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 11 proposes propose VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 12 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 14 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 15 uses use VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 17 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 20 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 21 – – : cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 22 anticodon anticodon NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 23 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 24 formed form VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 25 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 26 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 27 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 28 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 29 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 30 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 31 especially especially RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 33 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 34 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 35 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 36 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 37 constrain constrain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 38 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 39 incoming incoming JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 40 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 41 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 42 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 43 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 44 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 45 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 46 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 47 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 12 48 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 1 Arguably arguably RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 3 most most RBS cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 4 important important JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 5 feature feature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 7 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 8 synthesis synthesis NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 9 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 11 ability ability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 12 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 13 maintain maintain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 15 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 16 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 17 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 13 18 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 1 When when WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 2 reading read VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 3 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 4 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 6 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 7 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 8 must must MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 9 correctly correctly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 10 interpret interpret VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 11 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 12 successive successive JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 13 tri tri JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 14 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 16 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 17 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 18 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 19 particular particular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 20 amino amino NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 21 acid acid NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 14 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 2 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 3 must must MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 4 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 5 decode decode VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 6 only only RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 7 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 9 nonoverlapping nonoverlappe VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 10 codonsthose codonsthose NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 11 lying lie VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 12 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 14 single single JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 15 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 16 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 15 17 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 1 However however RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 3 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 4 lacks lack VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 5 punctuation punctuation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 7 internal internal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 8 signals signal NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 9 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 10 identify identify VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 11 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 13 triplets triplet NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 14 constitute constitute VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 15 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 17 first first RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 18 noted note VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 19 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 20 Crick Crick NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 21 et et NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 22 al al NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 16 23 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 17 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 17 2 1 1 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 17 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 17 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 17 5 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 3 when when WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 6 loses lose VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 7 track track NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 10 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 11 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 12 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 14 has have VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 15 no no DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 16 way way NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 17 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 18 re re VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 19 - - VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 20 establish establish VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 21 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 18 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 2 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 3 do do VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 4 make make VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 5 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 6 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 8 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 9 occur occur VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 10 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 11 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 12 very very RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 13 low low JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 14 rate rate NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 15 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 16 probably probably RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 17 much much RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 18 less less JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 19 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 20 5 5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 21 × × NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 22 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 23 −5 −5 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 24 per per IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 25 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 27 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 28 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 29 least least JJS cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 30 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 31 order order NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 32 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 33 magnitude magnitude NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 34 less less RBR cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 35 frequently frequently RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 36 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 37 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 38 incorporate incorporate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 39 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 40 incorrect incorrect JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 41 amino amino NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 42 acid acid NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 44 termed term VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 45 sense sense NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 46 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 49 2 2 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 19 51 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 3 lack lack VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 4 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 5 explicit explicit JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 7 accepted accepted JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 8 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 9 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 10 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 11 maintenance maintenance NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 14 do do VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 15 have have VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 16 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 17 more more RBR cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 18 complete complete JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 19 understanding understanding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 20 about about IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 22 correction correction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 23 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 24 sense sense NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 25 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 20 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 2 error error NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 3 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 4 correction correction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 5 machinery machinery NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 6 distinguishes distinguish VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 7 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 8 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 10 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 12 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 13 incorrect incorrect JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 15 noncognate noncognate NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 17 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 18 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 21 19 tRNAs trnas ADD cord-285910-rw2byz31 22 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 22 2 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 22 3 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 22 4 tRNAs tRNAs NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 22 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 1 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 3 structures structure NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 4 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 5 form form VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 6 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 8 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 9 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 23 10 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 1 Ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 2 increase increase VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 4 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 6 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 7 recruitment recruitment NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 8 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 9 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 10 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 11 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 12 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 13 called call VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 14 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 15 proofreading proofreading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 17 3 3 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 20 4 4 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 23 5 5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 24 25 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 1 To to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 2 amplify amplify VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 3 discrimination discrimination NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 6 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 9 selection selection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 10 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 11 divided divide VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 12 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 13 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 14 steps step NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 15 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 16 one one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 17 before before RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 19 one one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 20 after after IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 21 GTP GTP NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 22 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 23 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 24 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 25 elongation elongation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 25 26 factor factor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 1 Tu Tu NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 3 EF EF NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 4 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 5 Tu Tu NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 8 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 9 deposits deposit VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 10 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 12 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 13 onto onto IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 15 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 26 16 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 1 During during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 2 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 3 step step NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 5 noncognate noncognate NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 6 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 7 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 8 much much RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 9 more more RBR cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 10 likely likely JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 11 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 12 dissociate dissociate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 13 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 15 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 16 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 17 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 18 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 19 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 27 20 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 3 recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 4 observations observation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 5 show show VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 6 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 7 when when WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 8 bound bind VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 9 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 11 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 13 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 14 complexes complex NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 15 formed form VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 16 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 17 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 18 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 19 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 20 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 21 EF EF NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 23 Tu Tu NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 24 manipulate manipulate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 26 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 27 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 28 improve improve VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 29 discrimination discrimination NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 31 6 6 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 34 7 7 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 37 8 8 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 28 39 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 2 past past JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 3 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 4 years year NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 5 have have VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 6 witnessed witness VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 7 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 8 incredible incredible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 9 burst burst NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 11 information information NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 12 about about IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 14 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 17 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 20 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 21 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 22 ligands ligand NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 29 23 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 1 For for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 3 purposes purpose NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 6 precise precise JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 7 nature nature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 10 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 11 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 13 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 15 tRNAs trnas ADD cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 16 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 18 30S 30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 19 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 20 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 21 most most RBS cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 22 exciting exciting JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 24 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 27 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 30 11 11 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 30 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 2 data datum NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 3 give give VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 5 glimpse glimpse NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 8 workings working NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 10 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 11 amazing amazing JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 12 molecular molecular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 13 machine machine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 14 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 15 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 16 particular particular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 17 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 18 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 19 clearer clear JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 20 picture picture NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 21 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 23 nature nature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 26 errorcorrection errorcorrection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 27 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 31 28 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 1 Ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 2 have have VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 3 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 4 tRNAbinding trnabinde VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 5 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 7 termed term VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 8 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 10 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 13 peptidyl peptidyl JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 15 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 17 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 18 exit exit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 20 E e NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 22 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 32 23 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 1 During during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 2 translation translation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 4 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 5 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 6 tRNAs tRNAs NNPS cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 7 enter enter VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 9 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 10 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 11 bind bind VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 12 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 14 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 15 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 17 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 18 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 33 19 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 1 After after IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 2 accepting accept VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 3 transfer transfer NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 6 growing grow VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 7 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 8 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 10 preceding precede VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 11 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 14 translocate translocate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 15 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 17 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 18 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 19 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 20 donate donate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 22 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 23 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 25 succeeding succeed VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 26 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 27 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 28 move move VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 29 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 30 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 31 E e NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 32 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 33 before before IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 34 dissociating dissociate VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 35 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 36 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 37 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 34 38 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 2 newly newly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 3 available available JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 4 structures structure NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 5 confirm confirm VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 6 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 7 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 8 basepairs basepair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 9 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 11 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 12 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 14 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 15 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 16 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 17 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 18 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 19 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 20 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 21 show show VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 22 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 23 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 24 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 25 amino amino JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 26 acids acid NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 27 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 29 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 30 directly directly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 31 contact contact VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 32 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 33 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 34 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 35 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 36 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 37 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 38 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 39 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 41 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 42 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 43 1 1 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 35 45 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 2 description description NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 5 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 6 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 8 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 9 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 10 comes come VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 11 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 12 Ogle Ogle NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 13 et et FW cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 14 al al NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 36 15 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 2 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 5 who who WP cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 6 solved solve VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 7 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 8 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 11 30S 30S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 12 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 13 complexed complexe VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 14 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 15 models model NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 18 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 19 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 20 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 22 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 23 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 24 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 25 < < XX cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 26 3.3 3.3 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 37 27 Å. Å. NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 2 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 3 reveals reveal VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 5 complex complex JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 6 set set NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 8 direct direct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 9 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 10 indirect indirect JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 11 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 12 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 13 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 16 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 17 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 19 bases basis NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 20 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 22 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 23 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 24 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 25 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 26 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 27 both both CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 29 16S 16S NNPS cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 30 rRNA rrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 31 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 32 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 33 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 34 S12 S12 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 36 rpS12 rps12 NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 39 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 40 . . NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 41 1 1 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 38 43 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 2 contacts contact NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 3 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 5 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 6 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 7 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 9 first first JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 10 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 11 second second JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 12 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 13 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 15 36 36 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 16 - - SYM cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 17 4 4 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 19 35 35 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 20 - - SYM cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 21 5 5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 22 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 23 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 24 . . NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 25 1 1 LS cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 27 effectively effectively RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 28 measure measure VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 29 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 30 distance distance NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 31 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 32 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 33 phosphoribose phosphoribose JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 34 backbones backbone NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 35 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 36 bridging bridge VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 37 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 38 2′ 2′ CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 39 OH OH NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 40 groups group NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 41 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 42 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 43 ribose ribose NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 39 44 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 2 precludes preclude VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 3 formation formation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 5 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 6 non non JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 7 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 8 Watson Watson NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 10 Crick Crick NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 11 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 40 12 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 2 third third JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 3 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 4 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 6 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 7 wobble wobble VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 8 position position NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 9 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 10 does do VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 11 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 12 form form VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 14 bridging bridging JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 15 set set NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 17 contacts contact NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 41 18 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 1 Instead instead RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 4 ribose ribose NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 5 2′ 2′ NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 6 OH OH NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 9 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 10 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 11 makes make VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 12 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 13 contacts contact NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 15 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 16 hydrogen hydrogen NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 17 bond bond NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 19 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 20 metal metal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 22 mediated mediate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 23 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 42 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 2 packing packing NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 3 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 4 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 5 C1054 C1054 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 6 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 8 ribose ribose NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 11 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 12 further further RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 13 stabilizes stabilize VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 15 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 16 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 17 without without IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 18 constraining constrain VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 20 geometry geometry NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 21 as as RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 22 strongly strongly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 23 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 25 geometries geometry NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 26 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 27 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 28 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 29 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 30 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 31 constrained constrain VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 43 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 1 As as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 2 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 3 result result NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 5 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 6 wider wide JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 7 variety variety NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 9 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 10 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 11 possible possible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 13 Opinion opinion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 14 consistent consistent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 15 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 17 expanded expand VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 18 pairing pairing NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 19 observed observe VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 20 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 22 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 23 position position NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 44 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 2 nature nature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 5 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 6 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 8 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 9 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 10 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 11 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 12 deduced deduce VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 13 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 14 structures structure NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 15 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 16 solved solve VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 17 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 18 either either DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 19 5.5 5.5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 20 Å å NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 21 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 22 7 7 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 23 Å å NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 24 resolution resolution NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 25 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 26 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 27 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 28 70S 70s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 29 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 30 complexed complexe VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 31 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 32 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 33 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 34 bound bind VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 35 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 36 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 37 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 38 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 40 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 41 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 42 11 11 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 44 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 45 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 46 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 47 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 48 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 49 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 50 solved solve VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 51 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 52 2.3 2.3 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 53 Å å NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 54 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 55 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 56 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 57 30S 30S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 58 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 59 containing contain VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 60 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 61 tRNA trna JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 62 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 63 mimic mimic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 64 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 65 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 66 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 67 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 68 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 69 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 70 12 12 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 71 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 45 72 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 1 These these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 2 structures structure NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 3 show show VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 4 evidence evidence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 6 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 7 similar similar JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 8 nexus nexus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 10 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 46 11 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 1 Whereas whereas IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 3 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 4 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 5 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 6 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 7 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 8 relatively relatively RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 9 accessible accessible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 10 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 11 solvent solvent NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 12 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 14 inner inner JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 15 surface surface NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 18 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 19 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 21 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 23 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 24 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 25 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 26 buried bury VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 27 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 28 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 29 cleft cleft NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 30 created create VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 31 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 32 rRNA rrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 33 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 34 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 35 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 47 36 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 1 An an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 2 important important JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 3 feature feature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 6 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 7 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 9 presence presence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 11 G1401 G1401 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 12 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 14 position position NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 15 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 16 blocks block VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 17 further further JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 18 extension extension NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 21 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 23 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 24 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 25 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 26 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 27 forces force VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 29 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 30 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 31 adopt adopt VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 32 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 33 kinked kinked JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 34 conformation conformation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 48 35 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 1 Because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 2 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 3 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 4 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 7 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 8 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 9 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 10 loops loop NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 13 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 14 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 15 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 16 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 17 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 18 come come VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 19 no no RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 20 nearer near JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 21 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 22 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 49 23 Å. å. NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 3 G1401 G1401 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 4 effectively effectively RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 5 defines define VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 7 end end NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 10 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 13 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 14 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 15 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 17 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 18 forcing force VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 20 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 21 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 23 beginning beginning NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 26 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 27 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 29 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 50 30 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 51 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 51 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 51 3 . . NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 51 4 2 2 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 51 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 51 6 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 1 These these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 2 results result NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 3 explain explain VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 5 role role NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 7 some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 10 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 11 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 12 have have VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 13 been be VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 14 shown show VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 15 genetically genetically RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 16 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 17 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 18 required require VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 19 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 20 maintain maintain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 21 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 23 13 13 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 24 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 25 14 14 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 52 27 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 1 Some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 2 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 4 essential essential JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 5 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 8 30S 30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 9 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 10 directly directly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 11 contact contact VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 13 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 14 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 15 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 16 helices helix NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 17 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 19 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 20 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 21 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 22 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 23 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 53 24 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 1 C1054 C1054 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 2 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 3 A1493 A1493 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 5 16S 16S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 6 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 7 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 9 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 10 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 12 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 15 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 16 C1400 C1400 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 17 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 19 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 20 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 22 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 23 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 24 12 12 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 54 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 1 All all DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 2 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 3 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 4 implicated implicate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 6 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 7 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 8 located locate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 9 close close RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 10 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 11 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 12 but but CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 13 do do VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 14 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 15 touch touch VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 18 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 19 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 55 20 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 1 These these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 2 include include VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 3 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 4 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 6 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 7 18 18 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 9 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 10 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 11 contains contain VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 12 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 13 C518 c518 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 14 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 15 G530 G530 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 18 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 19 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 20 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 21 seven seven CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 22 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 23 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 24 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 25 27 27 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 27 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 28 lies lie VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 29 beneath beneath IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 30 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 31 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 32 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 33 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 34 undergoes undergo VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 35 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 36 conformational conformational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 37 change change NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 38 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 39 regulates regulate VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 40 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 41 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 42 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 43 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 44 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 45 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 47 15 15 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 49 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 50 five five CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 51 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 52 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 53 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 54 34 34 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 55 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 56 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 57 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 58 includes include VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 59 C1054 C1054 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 60 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 61 six six CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 62 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 63 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 64 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 65 44 44 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 66 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 67 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 68 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 69 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 70 includes include VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 71 elements element NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 72 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 73 both both CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 74 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 75 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 76 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 77 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 78 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 79 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 80 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 81 16 16 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 82 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 83 17 17 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 84 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 85 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 86 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 87 multiple multiple JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 88 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 89 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 90 rpS12 rps12 NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 91 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 92 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 93 near near IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 94 amino amino NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 56 95 acids acid NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 1 Pro44 Pro44 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 2 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 3 Ser46 Ser46 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 5 both both DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 7 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 8 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 9 elements element NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 12 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 13 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 57 14 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 1 Mutations mutation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 2 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 4 23S 23S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 5 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 8 50S 50s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 9 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 10 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 11 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 12 affect affect VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 13 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 58 14 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 1 Some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 2 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 4 required require VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 5 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 6 lie lie VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 7 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 8 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 9 69 69 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 12 23S 23S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 13 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 15 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 16 area area NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 17 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 18 directly directly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 19 contacts contact VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 21 30S 30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 22 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 23 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 24 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 25 44 44 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 27 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 28 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 29 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 30 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 31 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 32 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 33 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 59 34 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 1 All all PDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 2 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 3 mutational mutational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 4 changes change NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 5 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 6 affect affect VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 7 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 8 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 9 either either CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 10 stabilizing stabilize VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 11 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 12 destabilizing destabilizing JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 13 contacts contact NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 14 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 16 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 17 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 19 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 20 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 21 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 22 complexes complex NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 23 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 24 either either CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 25 directly directly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 26 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 27 indirectly indirectly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 60 28 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 1 Altering alter VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 3 stability stability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 5 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 6 contacts contact NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 7 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 8 affect affect VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 10 efficiency efficiency NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 11 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 12 discrimination discrimination NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 13 during during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 14 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 15 proofreading proofreading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 16 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 17 increasing increase VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 18 stability stability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 19 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 20 tend tend VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 21 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 22 retain retain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 23 noncognate noncognate NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 61 24 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 1 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 3 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 4 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 6 thus thus RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 7 decreasing decrease VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 8 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 62 9 , , . cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 1 whereas whereas IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 2 decreasing decrease VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 3 stability stability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 4 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 5 increase increase VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 6 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 63 7 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 2 complete complete JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 3 list list NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 5 rRNA rrna JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 6 mutations mutation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 8 including include VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 9 those those DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 10 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 11 affect affect VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 12 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 13 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 14 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 15 available available JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 16 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 18 website website NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 21 Ribosomal Ribosomal NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 22 Mutation Mutation NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 23 Database Database NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 24 Project Project NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 26 http://ribosome.fandm.edu http://ribosome.fandm.edu NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 64 28 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 2 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 3 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 6 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 7 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 8 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 9 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 10 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 11 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 13 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 14 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 15 indicate indicate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 16 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 17 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 18 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 19 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 20 discrimination discrimination NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 21 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 23 do do VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 24 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 25 explain explain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 26 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 27 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 28 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 29 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 30 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 31 maintained maintain VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 65 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 1 One one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 2 approach approach NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 3 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 4 explaining explain VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 5 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 6 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 7 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 8 study study VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 9 special special JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 10 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 12 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 14 frequency frequency NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 17 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 18 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 19 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 20 increased increase VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 21 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 22 up up IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 23 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 24 50 50 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 25 % % NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 66 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 1 Frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 2 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 3 maintenance maintenance NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 4 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 5 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 6 reduced reduce VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 7 either either CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 8 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 9 mutations mutation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 10 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 11 rRNA rrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 12 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 13 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 14 changes change NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 15 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 16 various various JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 17 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 18 components component NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 21 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 22 apparatus apparatus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 23 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 24 such such JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 25 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 26 EF EF NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 27 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 28 Tu Tu NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 29 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 30 tRNAs tRNAs NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 31 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 32 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 33 sequences sequence NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 67 34 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 1 Understanding understand VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 2 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 4 incidence incidence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 6 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 7 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 8 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 9 increased increase VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 10 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 11 provide provide VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 12 insights insight NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 13 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 14 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 16 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 17 prevented prevent VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 18 normally normally RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 68 19 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 1 Theoretically theoretically RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 3 there there EX cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 4 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 5 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 6 ways way NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 7 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 8 disrupt disrupt VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 9 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 10 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 11 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 12 maintenance maintenance NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 69 13 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 70 1 • • NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 1 Translation translation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 2 assumes assume VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 3 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 4 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 5 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 6 recognizes recognize VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 7 exactly exactly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 8 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 9 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 71 10 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 1 Occasional occasional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 2 expansion expansion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 3 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 4 contraction contraction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 7 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 8 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 9 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 10 shift shift VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 12 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 13 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 14 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 16 +1 +1 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 18 forward forward RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 20 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 21 −1 −1 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 23 backward backward JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 25 direction direction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 27 respectively respectively RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 72 28 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 73 1 • • NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 2 recognizing recognize VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 3 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 4 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 5 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 6 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 7 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 10 incoming incoming JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 11 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 12 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 13 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 14 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 15 bind bind VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 16 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 17 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 18 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 19 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 20 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 21 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 22 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 24 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 25 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 74 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 75 1 • • NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 1 After after IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 2 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 3 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 4 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 5 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 7 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 10 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 11 must must MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 12 translocate translocate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 13 exactly exactly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 14 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 15 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 16 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 17 display display VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 19 succeeding succeed VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 20 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 21 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 23 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 24 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 25 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 26 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 27 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 28 either either DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 29 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 30 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 31 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 32 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 33 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 34 cause cause VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 35 +1 +1 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 36 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 37 −1 −1 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 38 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 76 39 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 77 1 •After •after NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 77 2 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 77 3 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 1 before before IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 2 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 5 next next JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 6 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 8 only only RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 10 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 12 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 14 pep pep NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 15 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 16 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 18 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 19 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 20 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 21 paired pair VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 22 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 24 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 25 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 26 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 27 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 28 stage stage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 29 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 30 any any DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 31 slippage slippage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 32 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 33 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 34 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 35 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 36 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 37 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 38 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 39 cause cause VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 40 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 41 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 42 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 43 either either CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 44 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 45 forward forward JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 46 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 47 backward backward JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 48 direction direction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 78 49 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 2 extremely extremely RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 3 low low JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 4 frequency frequency NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 6 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 7 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 8 indicates indicate VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 9 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 10 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 13 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 16 repeating repeat VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 17 threenucleotide threenucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 18 step step NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 19 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 20 rare rare JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 79 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 1 However however RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 3 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 4 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 5 step step NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 6 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 7 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 8 Opinion Opinion NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 9 maintained maintain VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 10 remains remain VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 11 controversial controversial JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 80 12 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 2 one one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 3 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 5 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 6 suggested suggest VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 7 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 9 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 11 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 12 anticodons anticodons NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 13 defines define VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 15 step step NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 16 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 17 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 18 defining define VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 19 both both DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 20 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 21 length length NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 22 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 23 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 24 distance distance NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 81 25 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 2 view view NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 4 derived derive VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 5 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 6 studies study NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 8 mutant mutant JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 82 9 tRNAs trnas ADD cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 1 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 2 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 3 expansion expansion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 6 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 7 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 8 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 9 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 10 causes cause VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 11 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 12 +1 +1 XX cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 83 14 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 3 first first JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 4 characterized characterize VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 5 example example NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 7 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 10 suppressor suppressor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 11 sufD42 sufD42 VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 12 alters alter VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 14 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 15 Gly Gly NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 16 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 17 expanding expand VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 19 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 20 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 21 CCC CCC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 22 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 23 CCCC CCCC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 84 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 2 allows allow VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 3 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 4 Gly Gly NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 5 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 6 suppress suppress VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 8 mutations mutation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 9 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 10 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 11 genes gene NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 12 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 13 result result VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 14 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 16 expansion expansion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 17 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 18 GGN GGN NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 19 Gly Gly NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 20 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 21 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 22 GGGN GGGN NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 24 where where WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 25 N N NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 26 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 27 any any DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 28 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 31 18 18 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 85 33 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 2 structures structure NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 5 simple simple JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 7 elegant elegant JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 8 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 9 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 10 termed term VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 12 quadruplet quadruplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 13 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 14 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 16 19 19 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 86 18 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 2 proposes propose VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 3 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 4 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 5 expanding expand VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 7 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 8 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 9 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 10 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 11 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 13 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 14 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 15 base base VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 16 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 17 pair pair VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 18 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 19 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 20 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 22 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 23 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 24 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 87 26 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 1 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 2 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 4 during during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 5 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 9 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 10 move move VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 11 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 12 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 13 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 15 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 16 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 17 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 18 thus thus RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 19 displaying display VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 20 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 21 +1 +1 XX cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 22 shifted shift VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 23 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 24 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 26 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 27 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 29 19 19 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 88 31 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 2 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 3 important important JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 4 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 5 remember remember VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 6 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 7 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 8 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 9 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 10 hypothetical hypothetical JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 11 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 12 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 13 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 14 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 15 example example NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 17 there there EX cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 18 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 19 no no DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 20 solved solve VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 21 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 22 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 23 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 24 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 25 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 26 suppressor suppressor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 27 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 28 paired pair VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 29 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 30 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 31 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 89 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 2 quadruplet quadruplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 3 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 4 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 5 assumes assume VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 6 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 8 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 9 has have VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 10 no no DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 11 direct direct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 12 role role NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 13 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 14 defining define VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 15 step step NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 16 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 90 17 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 1 However however RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 4 recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 5 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 7 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 8 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 10 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 12 mRNA-30S mrna-30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 13 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 14 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 15 seems seem VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 16 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 17 contradict contradict VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 18 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 19 assumption assumption NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 21 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 91 23 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 2 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 3 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 4 explicitly explicitly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 5 contacts contact VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 6 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 9 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 10 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 12 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 13 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 14 form form VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 15 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 17 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 18 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 19 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 20 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 21 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 23 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 24 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 25 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 27 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 28 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 29 indicates indicate VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 30 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 31 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 32 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 33 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 34 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 35 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 36 implicitly implicitly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 37 defines define VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 38 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 39 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 92 40 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 2 fact fact NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 6 appears appear VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 7 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 8 constrain constrain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 10 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 11 so so IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 12 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 13 only only RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 14 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 15 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 18 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 19 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 20 interact interact VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 21 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 23 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 24 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 25 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 26 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 29 . . NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 30 2 2 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 93 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 2 45 45 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 3 ° ° NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 4 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 7 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 8 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 10 5′ 5′ CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 11 side side NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 12 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 14 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 15 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 16 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 17 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 18 defines define VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 20 first first JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 21 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 22 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 24 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 25 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 94 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 1 At at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 3 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 4 end end NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 7 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 10 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 11 places place VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 13 C1054 C1054 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 14 immediately immediately RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 15 below below IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 17 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 18 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 21 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 95 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 2 distance distance NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 3 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 5 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 6 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 7 C1054 C1054 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 8 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 9 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 10 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 11 allow allow VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 12 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 13 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 14 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 15 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 16 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 17 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 18 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 20 bases basis NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 21 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 22 but but CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 23 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 24 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 96 25 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 2 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 3 was be VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 4 further further RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 5 called call VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 6 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 7 question question NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 8 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 9 results result NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 10 showing show VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 11 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 13 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 14 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 16 3′ 3′ CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 17 end end NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 20 putative putative JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 21 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 23 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 24 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 25 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 26 modified modify VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 27 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 28 1-methylguanosine 1-methylguanosine CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 29 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 30 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 31 major major JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 32 class class NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 33 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 34 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 35 suppressor suppressor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 36 tRNAs tRNAs NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 37 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 38 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 39 Pro pro JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 40 suppressors suppressor NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 41 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 42 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 43 Salmonella Salmonella NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 44 typhimurium typhimurium NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 46 20 20 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 97 48 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 1 Because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 2 methylation methylation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 3 blocks block NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 4 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 5 pairing pair VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 6 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 7 cytosine cytosine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 9 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 10 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 11 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 12 incapable incapable JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 14 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 15 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 16 base base JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 17 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 18 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 19 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 20 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 21 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 98 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 1 Importantly importantly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 3 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 5 quadruplet quadruplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 6 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 7 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 10 modified modify VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 11 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 12 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 13 recognize recognize VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 15 first first JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 16 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 17 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 19 expanded expand VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 20 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 99 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 1 By by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 2 blocking block VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 3 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 4 pairing pairing NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 6 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 7 modification modification NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 8 should should MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 9 render render VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 11 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 12 incapable incapable JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 14 distinguishing distinguish VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 15 suppressible suppressible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 16 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 18 e.g. e.g. RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 19 CCCC CCCC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 21 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 22 nonsuppressible nonsuppressible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 23 ones one NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 25 ACCC ACCC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 27 GCCC GCCC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 28 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 29 UCCC UCCC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 100 31 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 2 fact fact NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 3 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 5 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 6 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 7 distinguish distinguish VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 8 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 9 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 10 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 11 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 13 quadruplet quadruplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 14 translocation translocation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 15 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 16 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 17 invalid invalid JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 18 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 19 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 20 suppressors suppressor NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 21 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 22 requires require VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 23 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 24 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 25 cause cause VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 26 frameshifts frameshift NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 27 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 28 another another DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 29 mechanism mechanism NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 30 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 31 presumably presumably RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 32 involving involve VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 33 triplet triplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 34 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 101 35 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 1 Together together RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 2 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 4 recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 5 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 6 data datum NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 8 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 9 results result NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 10 greatly greatly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 11 weaken weaken VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 13 if if IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 14 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 15 invalidate invalidate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 18 concept concept NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 19 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 20 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 21 step step NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 23 size size NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 24 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 25 defined define VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 26 explicitly explicitly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 27 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 29 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 30 anticodon anticodon NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 102 31 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 3 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 4 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 6 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 7 expanded expand VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 8 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 9 loop loop NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 10 appears appear VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 11 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 12 prevent prevent VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 14 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 15 reading read VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 16 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 17 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 18 four four CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 19 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 20 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 21 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 22 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 24 does do VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 25 cause cause VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 26 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 27 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 28 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 29 make make VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 30 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 31 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 103 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 1 An an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 2 explanation explanation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 4 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 5 comes come VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 6 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 7 what what WP cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 8 was be VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 9 thought think VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 10 initially initially RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 11 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 12 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 13 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 14 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 15 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 17 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 18 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 104 19 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 2 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 3 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 4 ubiquitous ubiquitous JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 6 although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 7 rare rare JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 9 event event NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 10 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 11 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 12 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 13 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 14 forced force VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 15 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 16 shift shift VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 17 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 18 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 19 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 20 special special JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 21 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 22 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 23 mRNAs mrnas PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 105 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 2 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 4 stochastic stochastic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 5 ; ; , cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 6 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 7 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 9 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 10 increase increase VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 12 probability probability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 14 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 16 occurring occur VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 17 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 19 normally normally RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 20 low low JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 21 level level NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 22 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 23 random random JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 24 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 26 < < NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 27 5 5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 28 × × NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 29 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 30 5 5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 31 per per IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 32 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 34 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 35 as as RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 36 much much JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 37 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 38 50 50 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 39 % % NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 106 40 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 1 According accord VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 2 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 4 current current JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 5 view view NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 7 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 8 frameshifts frameshift NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 9 occur occur VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 10 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 11 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 13 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 14 pause pause VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 16 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 17 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 19 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 20 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 21 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 22 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 23 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 24 located locate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 25 over over IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 26 special special JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 27 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 28 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 29 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 30 signals signal NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 107 31 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 4 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 5 disruption disruption NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 6 varies vary VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 7 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 8 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 108 9 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 3 most most RBS cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 4 common common JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 5 form form NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 7 termed term VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 8 −1 −1 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 9 simultaneousslippage simultaneousslippage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 10 frameshifting frameshifting NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 12 21 21 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 17 signal signal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 18 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 19 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 20 heptanucleotide heptanucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 21 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 23 form form NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 24 X x NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 25 - - NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 26 XXY XXY NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 27 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 28 YYZ YYZ NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 29 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 30 grouped group VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 31 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 32 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 33 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 34 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 35 upstream upstream JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 36 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 37 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 38 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 39 where where WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 40 XXX XXX NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 41 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 42 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 43 triplet triplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 44 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 45 any any DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 46 repeating repeat VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 47 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 48 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 49 YYY YYY NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 50 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 51 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 52 triplet triplet NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 53 repeat repeat NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 54 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 55 either either CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 56 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 57 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 58 U u NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 59 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 60 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 61 Z z NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 62 varies vary VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 63 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 64 species specie NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 109 65 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 1 For for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 2 example example NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 5 heptanucleotide heptanucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 6 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 8 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 9 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 10 Bronchitis Bronchitis NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 11 Virus Virus NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 12 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 13 U U NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 14 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 15 UUA UUA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 16 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 17 AAC aac NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 19 22 22 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 110 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 2 most most JJS cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 3 cases case NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 5 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 6 downstream downstream JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 7 secondary secondary JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 8 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 10 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 11 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 12 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 13 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 14 hairpin hairpin NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 15 loop loop NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 16 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 17 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 19 prokaryotes prokaryote NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 20 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 21 respectively respectively RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 23 causes cause VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 25 pause pause NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 26 over over IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 27 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 28 sequence sequence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 30 reviewed review VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 31 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 32 Ref Ref NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 111 33 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 112 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 112 2 23 23 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 112 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 112 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 112 5 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 1 Despite despite IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 3 number number NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 4 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 5 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 6 ubiquity ubiquity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 8 such such JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 9 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 10 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 12 do do VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 13 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 14 yet yet RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 15 understand understand VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 16 how how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 17 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 18 signals signal NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 19 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 20 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 21 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 113 23 _SP cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 1 Recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 2 work work NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 3 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 5 far far RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 6 less less RBR cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 7 common common JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 8 form form NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 10 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 11 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 12 provides provide VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 13 mechanistic mechanistic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 14 explanations explanation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 16 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 17 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 114 18 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 1 Programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 2 +1 +1 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 4 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 5 Saccharomyces Saccharomyces NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 6 cerevisiae cerevisiae NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 8 first first RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 9 identified identify VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 10 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 12 Ty Ty NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 13 family family NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 15 retrotransposons retrotransposon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 17 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 18 occurs occur VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 19 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 20 heptameric heptameric JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 21 sequences sequence NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 22 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 23 although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 25 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 26 different different JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 27 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 28 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 29 those those DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 30 discussed discuss VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 31 above above RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 33 reviewed review VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 34 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 35 Ref Ref NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 115 36 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 116 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 116 2 23 23 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 116 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 116 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 116 5 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 2 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 3 consist consist VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 5 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 6 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 9 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 10 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 11 plus plus IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 12 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 13 seventh seventh JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 14 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 15 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 17 3′ 3′ CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 18 end end NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 117 19 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 2 second second JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 3 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 4 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 6 very very RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 7 slowly slowly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 8 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 10 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 11 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 12 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 13 because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 16 low low JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 17 availability availability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 20 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 21 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 118 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 2 pauses pause VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 4 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 5 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 6 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 7 pep pep NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 8 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 9 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 10 bound bind VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 11 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 13 first first JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 14 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 15 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 17 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 18 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 19 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 119 20 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 1 Recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 2 evidence evidence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 4 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 5 ' ' `` cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 6 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 7 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 8 ' ' '' cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 9 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 10 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 11 pep pep NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 12 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 13 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 14 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 15 directly directly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 16 stimulate stimulate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 17 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 18 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 19 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 20 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 22 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 23 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 24 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 25 binding binding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 26 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 27 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 28 incoming incoming JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 29 aa aa NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 30 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 31 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 33 24 24 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 120 35 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 1 Because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 2 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 4 redundancy redundancy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 8 code code NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 9 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 10 during during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 11 translation translation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 12 each each DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 13 amino amino NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 14 acid acid NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 15 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 16 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 17 decoded decode VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 18 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 19 one one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 20 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 21 several several JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 22 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 23 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 24 termed term VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 25 isoacceptors isoacceptor NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 121 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 1 Conventional conventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 2 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 3 uses use VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 4 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 5 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 6 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 7 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 8 fully fully RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 9 pair pair VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 10 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 12 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 122 13 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 1 For for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 2 example example NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 4 although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 6 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 7 GCG GCG NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 8 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 9 GCU GCU NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 10 both both DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 11 encode encode VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 12 alanine alanine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 13 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 15 former former JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 16 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 17 read read VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 18 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 19 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 20 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 21 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 22 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 24 anticodon anticodon NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 25 CGC CGC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 27 whereas whereas IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 28 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 29 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 30 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 31 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 32 IGC IGC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 33 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 34 decodes decode VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 35 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 36 latter latter JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 38 both both DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 39 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 40 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 41 anticodons anticodon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 42 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 43 represented represent VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 44 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 45 5′-3′ 5′-3′ CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 46 polarity polarity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 123 48 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 2 term term NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 3 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 4 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 5 refers refer VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 6 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 7 reading read VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 8 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 9 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 10 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 11 have have VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 12 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 13 less less JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 14 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 15 optimal optimal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 16 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 17 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 19 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 124 20 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 1 Reading read VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 2 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 3 GCG GCG NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 4 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 6 IGC IGC NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 7 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 9 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 10 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 11 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 12 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 13 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 14 event event NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 15 because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 16 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 17 G g NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 18 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 19 I -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 20 wobble wobble VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 21 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 22 does do VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 23 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 24 allow allow VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 25 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 26 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 27 Watson Watson NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 28 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 29 Crick Crick NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 30 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 31 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 32 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 125 33 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 2 fact fact NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 5 juxtaposition juxtaposition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 8 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 9 purines purine NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 10 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 12 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 13 position position NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 14 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 15 introduce introduce VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 16 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 17 clash clash NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 18 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 19 destabilizes destabilize VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 23 helices helix NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 126 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 2 conventional conventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 4 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 5 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 6 should should MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 7 predominate predominate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 10 lack lack NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 11 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 12 some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 13 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 127 14 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 1 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 2 S. S. NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 3 cerevisiae cerevisiae NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 4 allows allow VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 5 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 6 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 7 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 8 more more JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 9 abundant abundant JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 10 isoacceptors isoacceptor NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 128 11 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 1 Because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 3 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 4 genes gene NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 5 have have VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 6 been be VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 7 deleted delete VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 9 some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 129 10 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 1 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 2 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 3 either either RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 4 present present JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 6 low low JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 7 concentration concentration NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 8 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 9 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 10 absent absent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 12 25 25 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 130 14 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 2 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 3 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 4 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 5 result result VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 6 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 7 weak weak JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 8 pyrimidine pyrimidine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 10 pyrimidine pyrimidine JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 11 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 12 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 13 purine purine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 14 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 15 purine purine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 16 clashes clash NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 17 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 19 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 20 position position NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 131 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 2 presence presence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 4 such such JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 5 unusual unusual JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 6 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 7 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 8 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 9 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 10 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 11 causes cause VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 12 frequent frequent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 13 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 14 erroneous erroneous JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 15 out out RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 16 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 17 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 18 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 19 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 20 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 21 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 23 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 24 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 25 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 26 results result NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 27 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 28 frameshifts frameshifts NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 30 24 24 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 132 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 1 Because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 2 out out RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 3 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 5 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 6 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 7 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 8 competes compete VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 9 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 10 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 11 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 12 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 13 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 14 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 15 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 17 26 26 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 18 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 19 27 27 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 21 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 23 occurrence occurrence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 25 frameshifts frameshifts NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 26 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 27 enhanced enhance VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 28 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 29 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 30 slow slow JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 31 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 32 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 33 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 34 next next JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 35 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 36 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 37 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 38 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 133 39 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 1 How how WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 2 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 3 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 4 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 5 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 6 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 7 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 9 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 134 10 ? ? . cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 1 An an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 2 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 3 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 5 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 6 - - , cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 7 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 8 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 10 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 11 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 12 had have VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 13 been be VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 14 postulated postulate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 15 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 16 stabilize stabilize VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 17 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 19 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 20 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 22 28 28 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 135 24 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 1 However however RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 3 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 4 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 5 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 6 now now RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 7 thought think VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 8 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 9 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 10 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 11 because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 13 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 14 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 16 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 17 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 19 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 20 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 21 allows allow VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 23 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 24 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 25 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 26 come come VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 27 no no RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 28 closer close JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 29 than than IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 30 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 31 Å å NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 33 9,10 9,10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 35 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 36 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 37 makes make VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 38 direct direct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 39 contact contact NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 40 difficult difficult JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 41 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 42 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 43 indirect indirect JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 44 effect effect NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 45 probable probable JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 136 46 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 4 possible possible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 5 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 7 effect effect NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 8 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 9 propagate propagate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 10 through through IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 11 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 12 components component NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 13 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 15 propose propose VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 16 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 17 simple simple JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 18 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 19 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 20 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 22 propagates propagate VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 23 through through IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 137 25 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 138 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 138 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 138 3 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 139 1 3 3 LS cord-285910-rw2byz31 139 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 139 3 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 2 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 5 key key NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 6 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 7 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 8 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 9 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 11 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 12 compatible compatible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 13 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 14 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 15 forming form VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 16 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 17 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 18 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 19 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 21 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 23 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 24 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 25 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 28 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 29 3a 3a NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 140 31 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 2 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 3 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 5 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 6 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 8 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 9 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 10 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 13 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 14 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 15 requires require VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 17 +1 +1 HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 18 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 19 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 20 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 21 move move VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 22 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 24 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 25 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 27 thereby thereby RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 28 displacing displace VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 29 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 30 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 31 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 32 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 33 skipped skip VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 35 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 36 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 37 3b 3b CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 141 39 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 2 disruption disruption NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 3 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 4 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 5 incompatible incompatible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 6 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 8 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 9 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 12 wobble wobble JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 13 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 14 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 16 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 17 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 19 shown show VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 20 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 21 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 142 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 1 3 3 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 2 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 3 forcing force VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 4 breakage breakage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 143 7 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 1 although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 3 alternatively alternatively RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 5 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 6 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 7 disrupt disrupt VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 8 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 9 contacts contact NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 10 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 12 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 13 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 14 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 15 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 144 17 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 2 high high JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 3 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 4 energy energy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 5 cost cost NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 6 required require VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 7 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 8 form form VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 9 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 10 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 11 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 12 reduce reduce VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 14 efficiency efficiency NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 16 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 17 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 19 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 20 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 21 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 145 22 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 1 By by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 3 same same JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 4 argument argument NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 5 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 6 because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 9 strain strain NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 12 kink kink NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 13 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 15 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 16 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 17 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 18 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 19 non non JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 20 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 21 canonical canonical JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 22 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 23 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 24 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 25 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 26 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 27 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 28 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 29 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 30 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 31 disturb disturb VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 32 formation formation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 33 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 34 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 35 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 36 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 37 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 38 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 39 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 40 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 41 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 42 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 43 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 45 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 46 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 47 3c 3c NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 49 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 50 reduce reduce VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 51 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 52 efficiency efficiency NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 53 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 54 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 55 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 56 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 57 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 146 58 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 1 Such such PDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 2 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 3 effect effect NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 4 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 5 nonsense nonsense NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 6 suppression suppression NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 7 has have VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 8 been be VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 9 observed observe VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 11 29 29 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 12 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 13 30 30 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 147 15 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 2 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 3 case case NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 5 out out RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 6 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 8 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 9 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 10 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 11 still still RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 12 requires require VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 13 displacement displacement NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 16 skipped skip VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 17 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 20 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 21 3d 3d NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 148 23 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 1 However however RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 3 if if IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 5 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 6 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 9 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 10 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 11 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 12 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 13 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 14 itself -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 15 forces force VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 16 disruption disruption NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 17 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 18 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 19 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 20 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 22 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 23 eliminate eliminate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 25 extra extra JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 26 energy energy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 27 cost cost NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 28 Opinion opinion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 29 relative relative JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 30 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 31 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 32 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 33 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 34 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 35 because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 36 both both DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 37 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 38 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 39 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 40 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 41 out out RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 42 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 43 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 44 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 45 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 46 aa aa NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 47 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 48 tRNAs tRNAs NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 49 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 50 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 51 precluded preclude VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 52 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 53 forming form VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 54 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 55 maximum maximum JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 56 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 57 energy energy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 58 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 149 59 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 2 would would MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 3 reduce reduce VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 5 energetic energetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 6 advantage advantage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 8 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 10 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 11 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 12 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 13 so so RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 14 should should MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 15 indirectly indirectly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 16 increase increase VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 18 probability probability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 20 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 22 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 23 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 24 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 25 binding binding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 150 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 1 Experiments experiment NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 2 using use VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 3 drugs drug NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 4 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 5 induce induce VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 6 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 7 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 8 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 9 minor minor JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 10 disruptions disruption NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 11 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 13 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 16 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 17 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 18 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 19 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 20 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 21 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 22 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 23 have have VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 24 profound profound JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 25 effects effect NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 26 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 27 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 28 fidelity fidelity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 151 29 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 1 Nucleotides Nucleotides NNPS cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 2 A1492 A1492 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 3 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 4 A1493 a1493 NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 7 16S 16S NNPS cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 8 rRNA rRNA NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 9 undergo undergo VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 10 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 11 energetically energetically RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 12 costly costly JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 13 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 14 when when WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 15 cognate cognate NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 16 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 17 enters enter VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 19 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 20 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 21 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 22 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 23 allows allow VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 24 them -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 25 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 26 interact interact VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 27 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 29 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 30 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 31 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 32 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 152 33 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 1 Paromomycin Paromomycin NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 2 stabilizes stabilize VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 3 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 4 conformation conformation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 7 absence absence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 9 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 10 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 11 so so RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 12 reduces reduce VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 14 energy energy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 15 difference difference NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 16 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 17 cognate cognate NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 19 noncognate noncognate NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 20 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 21 binding binding NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 22 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 23 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 24 paying pay VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 26 cost cost NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 27 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 29 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 30 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 31 paromomycin paromomycin NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 32 promotes promote VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 33 both both CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 34 sense sense NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 35 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 36 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 37 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 39 9 9 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 153 41 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 2 argue argue VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 3 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 4 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 5 opposite opposite JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 6 effect effect NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 7 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 8 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 9 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 10 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 11 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 12 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 13 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 14 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 15 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 17 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 18 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 19 reduces reduce VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 21 energetic energetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 22 advantage advantage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 23 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 24 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 25 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 26 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 27 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 28 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 29 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 30 indirectly indirectly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 31 increases increase VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 32 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 33 probability probability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 34 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 35 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 36 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 37 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 38 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 39 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 40 binding binding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 154 41 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 2 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 3 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 5 formation formation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 8 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 9 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 10 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 11 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 12 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 13 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 15 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 16 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 17 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 18 crucial crucial JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 19 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 20 continued continue VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 21 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 23 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 24 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 155 25 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 2 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 3 consistent consistent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 4 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 6 effect effect NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 8 unusual unusual JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 9 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 10 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 12 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 13 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 15 24 24 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 17 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 18 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 19 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 21 fact fact NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 22 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 23 wobble wobble VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 24 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 26 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 27 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 28 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 29 constrained constrain VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 30 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 31 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 32 pincer pincer NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 33 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 34 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 35 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 36 rRNA rRNA NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 37 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 38 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 39 C1400 C1400 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 40 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 41 m m CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 42 2 2 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 43 G966 g966 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 45 10 10 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 156 47 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 2 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 3 probably probably RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 4 significant significant JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 5 that that DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 6 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 8 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 9 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 10 contact contact VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 12 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 13 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 14 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 15 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 16 within within IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 18 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 19 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 20 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 21 only only RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 22 mutation mutation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 23 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 24 C1400 C1400 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 25 increases increase VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 26 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 27 occurrence occurrence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 28 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 29 frameshifts frameshift NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 30 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 31 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 32 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 34 31 31 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 157 36 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 1 Similarity similarity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 2 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 4 effects effect NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 6 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 7 C1400 C1400 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 8 mutation mutation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 9 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 10 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 11 unusual unusual JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 12 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 13 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 14 implies imply VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 15 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 16 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 17 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 18 increase increase VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 20 probability probability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 21 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 22 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 23 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 25 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 26 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 27 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 28 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 29 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 30 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 31 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 32 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 33 similar similar JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 34 ways way NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 158 35 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 2 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 3 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 4 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 7 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 8 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 9 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 10 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 11 ensured ensure VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 12 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 13 holding hold VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 15 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 16 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 17 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 18 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 19 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 20 pair pair VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 21 tightly tightly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 22 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 23 C1400 C1400 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 24 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 25 m m CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 26 2 2 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 27 G966 G966 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 159 28 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 1 Although although IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 3 lack lack VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 4 details detail NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 7 way way NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 8 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 9 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 10 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 11 interact interact VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 12 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 14 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 15 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 16 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 17 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 18 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 20 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 21 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 22 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 24 inability inability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 25 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 26 interact interact VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 27 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 28 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 29 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 30 non non JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 31 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 32 Watson Watson NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 33 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 34 Crick Crick NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 35 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 36 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 37 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 38 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 39 explain explain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 40 why why WRB cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 41 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 42 unusual unusual JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 43 wobble wobble NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 44 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 45 disrupts disrupt VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 46 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 47 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 48 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 49 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 50 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 51 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 160 52 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 2 possible possible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 3 explanation explanation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 6 ability ability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 8 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 9 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 10 expanded expand VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 11 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 12 loops loop NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 13 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 14 stimulate stimulate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 15 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 16 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 17 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 18 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 20 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 21 too too RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 22 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 23 interfere interfere VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 24 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 26 ability ability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 27 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 29 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 30 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 31 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 32 restrict restrict VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 33 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 34 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 35 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 36 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 37 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 38 codons codon NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 39 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 40 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 41 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 42 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 161 43 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 1 Recent recent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 2 data datum NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 3 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 4 show show VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 5 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 6 frameshifts frameshifts NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 7 induced induce VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 8 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 9 +1 +1 HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 10 suppressor suppressor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 11 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 12 occur occur VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 13 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 14 competition competition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 15 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 16 normal normal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 17 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 18 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 19 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 20 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 21 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 23 succeeding succeed VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 24 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 26 20 20 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 28 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 29 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 30 occurs occur VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 31 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 32 programmed programmed JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 33 +1 +1 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 34 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 162 35 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 1 An an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 2 additional additional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 3 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 4 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 6 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 7 loop loop NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 8 might may MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 9 disrupt disrupt VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 11 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 12 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 15 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 16 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 17 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 18 rRNA rrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 19 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 21 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 22 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 23 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 24 complex complex NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 25 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 26 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 27 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 28 increase increase VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 29 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 30 probability probability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 31 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 32 out out IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 33 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 34 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 35 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 36 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 37 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 38 despite despite IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 39 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 40 fact fact NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 41 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 42 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 43 suppressor suppressor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 44 continues continue VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 45 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 46 make make VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 47 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 48 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 49 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 50 pairs pair NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 51 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 52 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 53 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 163 54 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 2 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 3 plausible plausible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 4 because because IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 6 know know VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 7 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 9 additional additional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 10 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 13 sufD42 sufD42 NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 14 suppressor suppressor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 15 form form NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 17 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 18 Pro Pro NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 19 slows slow VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 20 recognition recognition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 21 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 22 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 23 A A NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 24 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 25 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 26 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 27 allows allow VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 28 another another DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 29 isoacceptor isoacceptor NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 30 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 31 read read VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 33 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 34 codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 36 20 20 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 164 38 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 2 misreading misreading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 3 does do VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 4 not not RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 5 happen happen VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 6 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 7 wild wild JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 8 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 9 type type NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 10 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 165 11 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 1 Genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 2 tools tool NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 3 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 4 dissecting dissect VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 6 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 7 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 8 system system NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 166 9 ? ? . cord-285910-rw2byz31 167 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 167 2 genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 167 3 dissection dissection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 167 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 167 5 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 167 6 +1 +1 XX cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 1 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 2 appears appear VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 3 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 4 have have VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 5 revealed reveal VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 6 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 7 important important JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 8 feature feature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 10 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 12 mediated mediate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 13 error error NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 14 correction correction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 168 15 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 1 Direct direct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 2 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 3 tests test NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 4 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 5 now now RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 6 necessary necessary JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 7 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 8 determine determine VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 9 whether whether IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 11 inferences inference NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 12 drawn draw VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 13 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 14 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 15 genetics genetic NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 16 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 17 correct correct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 18 ; ; : cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 19 that that RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 20 is is RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 21 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 22 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 23 maintaining maintain VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 25 reading reading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 26 frame frame NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 27 depends depend VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 28 crucially crucially RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 29 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 30 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 31 stability stability NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 32 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 33 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 34 pep pep NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 35 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 36 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 37 wobble wobble VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 38 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 39 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 40 binding binding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 41 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 42 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 43 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 44 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 169 45 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 1 Of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 3 different different JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 4 forms form NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 6 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 7 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 10 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 11 easiest easy JJS cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 12 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 13 hypothesize hypothesize VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 14 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 15 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 16 +1 +1 NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 17 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 18 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 19 yeast yeast NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 20 results result NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 21 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 22 direct direct JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 23 disruption disruption NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 25 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 26 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 27 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 28 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 29 mechanism mechanism NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 170 30 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 1 For for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 2 example example NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 4 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 5 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 6 sequence sequence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 7 found find VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 8 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 9 one one CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 10 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 171 11 +1 +1 XX cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 1 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 2 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 3 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 4 yeast yeast NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 5 appears appear VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 6 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 7 stimulate stimulate VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 8 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 9 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 10 base base NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 11 pairing pair VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 12 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 13 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 14 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 15 inactivating inactivate VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 17 helix helix NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 18 18 18 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 21 small small JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 22 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 23 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 24 rRNA rrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 25 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 26 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 27 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 28 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 29 essential essential JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 30 element element NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 31 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 32 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 33 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 34 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 35 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 36 mechanism mechanism NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 38 6 6 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 39 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 40 32 32 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 172 42 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 2 remains remain VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 3 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 4 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 5 seen see VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 6 whether whether IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 7 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 8 forms form NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 10 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 11 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 12 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 13 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 14 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 15 disrupt disrupt VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 16 error error NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 17 correction correction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 18 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 20 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 173 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 1 Given give VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 3 diversity diversity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 5 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 6 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 7 events event NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 8 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 10 ways way NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 11 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 12 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 14 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 15 undermine undermine VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 16 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 17 could could MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 18 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 19 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 20 diverse diverse JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 174 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 2 diversity diversity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 4 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 5 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 6 events event NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 7 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 8 consistent consistent JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 9 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 10 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 11 results result NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 12 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 14 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 15 studies study NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 17 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 18 show show VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 19 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 21 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 22 uses use VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 23 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 24 elaborate elaborate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 25 system system NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 26 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 27 maintain maintain VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 28 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 29 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 175 30 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 2 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 3 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 4 studying study VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 5 unconventional unconventional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 6 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 7 systems system NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 9 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 10 dissect dissect VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 14 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 15 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 16 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 17 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 18 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 19 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 20 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 21 crucial crucial JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 22 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 24 cell cell NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 176 25 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 1 Recoding recoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 2 systems system NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 3 should should MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 4 continue continue VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 5 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 6 provide provide VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 7 tools tool NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 8 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 9 dissect dissect VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 10 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 11 still still RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 12 incompletely incompletely RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 13 understood understand VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 14 system system NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 177 15 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 1 General general JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 2 nature nature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 5 genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 6 code code NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 7 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 8 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 9 Translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 10 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 11 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 12 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 13 fitness fitness NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 15 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 16 Kinetic Kinetic NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 17 proofreading proofreading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 178 18 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 1 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 2 new new JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 4 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 5 reducing reduce VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 6 errors error NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 7 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 8 biosynthetic biosynthetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 9 processes process NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 10 requiring require VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 11 high high JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 12 specificity specificity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 13 Kinetic kinetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 14 amplification amplification NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 16 enzyme enzyme NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 17 discrimination discrimination NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 18 EFTu EFTu NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 19 provides provide VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 20 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 21 internal internal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 22 kinetic kinetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 23 standard standard NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 24 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 25 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 179 26 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 2 530 530 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 3 loop loop NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 5 16S 16S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 6 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 7 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 8 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 9 signal signal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 10 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 11 EF EF NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 12 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 13 Tu Tu NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 180 14 ? ? . cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 1 Induced induce VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 2 fit fit JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 3 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 4 initial initial JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 5 selection selection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 6 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 7 proofreading proofreading NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 9 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 10 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 11 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 12 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 14 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 15 Conformational Conformational NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 16 switch switch VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 17 in in RP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 19 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 20 region region NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 21 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 22 16S 16S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 23 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 24 during during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 25 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 26 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 27 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 28 selection selection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 29 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 30 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 31 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 32 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 33 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 34 cognate cognate NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 35 transfer transfer NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 37 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 38 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 39 30S 30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 40 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 41 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 42 Crystal Crystal NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 43 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 44 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 45 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 46 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 47 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 48 5.5 5.5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 49 Å å NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 50 resolution resolution NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 51 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 52 path path NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 53 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 54 messenger messenger NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 55 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 56 through through IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 57 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 181 58 ribosome ribosome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 1 Opinion opinion VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 2 Functional functional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 3 insights insight NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 4 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 5 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 6 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 8 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 9 30S 30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 10 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 11 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 12 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 14 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 15 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 16 antibiotics antibiotic NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 17 Genetic genetic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 18 probes probe NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 19 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 20 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 22 function function NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 23 Limitations limitation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 24 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 25 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 182 26 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 2 conformational conformational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 3 switch switch NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 4 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 5 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 6 coli coli NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 7 16S 16S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 8 ribosomal ribosomal NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 10 during during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 11 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 12 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 13 messenger messenger NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 15 Stucture Stucture NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 17 functionally functionally RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 18 activated activate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 19 small small JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 20 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 21 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 22 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 23 3.3 3.3 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 24 Å å NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 25 resolution resolution NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 26 Structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 27 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 29 30S 30s CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 30 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 31 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 32 Frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 33 suppression suppression NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 34 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 35 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 36 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 37 addition addition NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 38 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 39 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 40 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 41 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 42 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 43 glycine glycine NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 44 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 45 Frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 183 46 suppression suppression NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 2 new new JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 3 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 4 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 5 phenotypic phenotypic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 6 suppression suppression NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 7 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 9 mutations mutation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 10 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 11 mutant mutant JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 184 12 tRNAs trnas ADD cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 1 Signals signal NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 2 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 3 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 5 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 7 Rous Rous NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 8 Sarcoma Sarcoma NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 9 virus virus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 10 gag gag NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 12 pol pol NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 13 region region NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 14 Characterization characterization NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 16 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 17 efficient efficient JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 18 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 19 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 20 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 21 signal signal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 185 22 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 1 requirement requirement NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 2 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 3 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 5 pseudoknot pseudoknot NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 6 Programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 7 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 8 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 9 Near near JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 10 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 11 cognate cognate JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 12 peptidyl peptidyl NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 13 - - : cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 14 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 15 promote promote VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 16 +1 +1 NFP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 17 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 18 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 19 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 20 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 21 yeast yeast NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 22 Transfer Transfer NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 24 gene gene NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 25 redundancy redundancy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 26 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 27 translational translational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 28 selection selection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 29 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 30 Saccharomyces Saccharomyces NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 31 cerevisiae cerevisiae VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 32 Ribosomal Ribosomal NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 33 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 34 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 35 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 36 yeast yeast NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 37 retrotransposon retrotransposon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 186 38 Ty Ty NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 1 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 2 tRNAs trna NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 3 induce induce VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 4 slippage slippage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 5 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 6 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 7 7 7 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 8 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 9 minimal minimal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 187 10 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 1 A a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 2 novel novel NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 3 programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 4 frameshift frameshift NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 5 expresses express VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 7 POL3 POL3 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 8 gene gene NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 9 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 10 retrotransposon retrotransposon NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 11 Ty3 Ty3 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 12 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 13 yeast yeast NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 14 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 15 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 188 16 without without IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 1 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 2 slippage slippage NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 3 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 4 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 5 tRNA trna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 6 interactions interaction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 7 within within IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 8 cellular cellular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 9 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 10 Codon codon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 11 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 12 anticodon anticodon NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 13 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 14 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 16 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 17 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 18 site site NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 19 improves improve VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 21 accuracy accuracy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 22 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 24 decoding decoding NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 25 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 26 Decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 27 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 29 A a NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 30 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 31 I -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 32 wobble wobble VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 33 pair pair NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 34 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 35 inefficient inefficient JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 36 Decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 37 fidelity fidelity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 38 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 39 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 40 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 41 A a NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 42 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 43 P p NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 44 sites site NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 45 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 46 influence influence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 47 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 48 mutations mutation NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 49 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 50 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 51 different different JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 52 regions region NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 53 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 54 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 55 decoding decode VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 56 domain domain NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 57 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 58 16S 16S NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 59 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 60 Programmed program VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 61 +1 +1 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 62 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 63 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 64 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 65 complementarity complementarity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 66 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 67 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 68 downstream downstream JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 69 mRNA mrna NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 70 sequence sequence NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 71 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 72 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 73 errorcorrecting errorcorrecting NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 74 region region NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 75 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 76 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 77 RASMOL RASMOL NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 78 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 79 biomolecular biomolecular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 80 graphics graphic NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 81 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 82 all all PDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 83 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 84 work work NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 85 was be VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 86 supported support VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 87 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 88 grants grant NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 89 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 90 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 91 National National NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 92 Institute Institute NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 93 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 94 General General NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 95 Medical Medical NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 96 Sciences Sciences NNPS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 97 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 98 GM29480 GM29480 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 99 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 100 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 101 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 102 Fogarty Fogarty NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 103 International International NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 104 Center Center NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 105 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 106 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 107 National National NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 108 Institutes Institutes NNPS cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 109 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 110 Health Health NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 111 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 112 TW02211 TW02211 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 113 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 114 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 115 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 116 Swedish Swedish NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 117 Cancer Cancer NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 118 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 119 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 120 3717-B95 3717-B95 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 121 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 122 01VAA 01vaa CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 123 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 189 124 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 2 transfer transfer NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 3 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 4 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 5 enveloped envelop VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 6 virus virus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 7 genome genome NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 8 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 10 interior interior NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 11 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 13 target target NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 14 cell cell NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 15 requires require VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 16 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 17 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 18 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 19 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 20 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 21 endosomal endosomal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 22 or or CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 23 plasma plasma NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 24 membranes membrane NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 190 25 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 2 energy energy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 3 barriers barrier NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 4 associated associate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 5 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 6 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 7 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 8 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 9 overcome overcome VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 10 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 12 aid aid NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 14 specific specific JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 15 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 16 envelope envelope NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 17 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 19 1 1 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 191 21 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 1 Most Most JJS cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 2 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 3 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 4 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 5 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 6 integral integral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 7 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 8 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 9 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 10 form form VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 11 higher high JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 12 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 13 order order NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 14 oligomers oligomer NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 16 2 2 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 192 18 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 1 In in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 2 Paramyxoviridae Paramyxoviridae NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 3 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 4 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 5 family family NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 6 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 7 includes include VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 8 major major JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 9 human human JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 10 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 12 3 3 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 14 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 15 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 16 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 17 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 18 trimers trimer NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 19 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 20 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 21 inactive inactive JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 22 precursors precursor NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 23 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 24 must must MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 25 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 26 cleaved cleave VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 27 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 28 host host NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 29 proteases protease NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 30 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 31 activity activity NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 193 32 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 2 resulting result VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 3 activated activate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 4 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 5 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 6 comprises comprise VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 7 an an DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 8 N n CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 9 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 10 terminal terminal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 11 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 12 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 13 C c NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 14 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 15 terminal terminal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 16 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 194 17 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 2 latter latter JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 4 anchored anchor VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 5 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 7 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 8 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 9 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 10 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 11 transmembrane transmembrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 12 segment segment NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 13 proximal proximal JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 14 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 16 C C NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 17 terminus terminus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 18 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 19 whereas whereas IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 20 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 21 N n CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 22 terminus terminus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 23 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 24 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 25 C C NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 26 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 27 terminal terminal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 28 subunit subunit NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 29 hosts host VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 30 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 31 region region NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 32 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 33 ~25 ~25 NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 34 - - SYM cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 35 35 35 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 36 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 37 mainly mainly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 38 apolar apolar NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 39 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 40 residues residue NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 41 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 42 termed term VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 43 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 44 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 45 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 195 46 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 1 This this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 2 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 3 is be VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 4 thought think VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 5 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 6 play play VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 7 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 8 crucial crucial JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 9 role role NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 10 during during IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 11 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 12 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 13 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 15 4 4 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 196 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 197 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 197 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 197 3 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 197 4 1a 1a CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 197 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 197 6 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 1 After after IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 2 protease protease NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 3 activation activation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 4 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 5 but but CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 6 before before IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 7 attachment attachment NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 10 virus virus NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 11 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 12 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 13 target target NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 14 cell cell NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 15 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 16 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 17 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 18 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 19 thought think VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 20 to to TO cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 21 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 22 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 23 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 24 metastable metastable JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 25 state state NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 27 also also RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 28 called call VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 29 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 30 pre pre JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 31 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 32 fusion fusion JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 33 conformation conformation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 198 34 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 1 Stimuli stimulus NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 2 derived derive VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 3 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 4 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 5 host host NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 6 cell cell NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 7 then then RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 8 trigger trigger VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 9 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 10 cascade cascade NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 11 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 12 conformational conformational JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 13 changes change NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 14 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 15 includes include VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 17 insertion insertion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 18 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 19 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 20 N n CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 21 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 22 terminal terminal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 23 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 24 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 25 into into IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 26 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 27 target target NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 28 cell cell NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 29 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 30 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 31 ultimately ultimately RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 32 leading lead VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 33 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 34 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 35 merging merging NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 36 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 37 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 38 cell cell NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 39 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 40 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 41 bilayers bilayer NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 199 42 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 1 Based base VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 2 on on IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 4 X x NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 5 - - NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 6 ray ray NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 7 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 8 determined determine VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 9 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 10 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 11 dimensional dimensional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 12 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 13 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 14 fragments fragment NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 15 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 16 several several JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 17 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 18 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 19 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 21 5 5 CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 23 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 24 it -PRON- PRP cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 25 has have VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 26 been be VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 27 postulated postulate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 28 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 29 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 30 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 31 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 32 end end NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 33 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 34 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 35 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 36 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 37 some some DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 38 regions region NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 39 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 40 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 41 proteins protein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 42 adopt adopt VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 43 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 44 stable stable JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 45 post post JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 46 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 47 fusion fusion JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 48 conformation conformation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 49 in in IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 50 which which WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 51 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 52 heptad heptad NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 53 repeat repeat NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 54 segment segment NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 55 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 56 located locate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 57 downstream downstream RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 58 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 59 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 60 N n CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 61 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 62 terminal terminal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 63 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 64 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 65 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 66 forms form VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 67 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 68 trimeric trimeric JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 69 central central JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 70 coiled coiled JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 71 coil coil NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 72 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 73 Fig Fig NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 74 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 75 1a 1a CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 76 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 77 b b LS cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 78 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 200 79 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 1 Packed pack VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 2 against against IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 3 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 4 grooves groove NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 5 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 6 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 7 coiled coiled JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 8 coil coil NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 9 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 10 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 11 helices helix NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 12 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 13 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 14 made make VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 15 up up RP cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 16 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 17 heptad heptad NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 18 repeat repeat NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 19 regions region NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 20 located locate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 21 close close RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 22 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 24 transmembrane transmembrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 25 domain domain NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 201 26 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 2 antiparallel antiparallel JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 3 nature nature NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 4 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 5 this this DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 6 trimeric trimeric DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 7 helical helical JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 8 hairpin hairpin NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 9 suggests suggest VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 10 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 11 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 12 at at IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 13 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 14 end end NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 15 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 16 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 17 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 18 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 19 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 20 both both CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 22 N n CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 23 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 24 terminal terminal NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 25 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 26 peptide peptide NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 27 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 28 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 29 transmembrane transmembrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 30 domain domain NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 31 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 32 embedded embed VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 33 within within IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 34 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 35 same same JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 36 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 202 37 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 1 Despite despite IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 2 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 3 present present JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 4 structural structural JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 5 knowledge knowledge NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 6 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 8 actual actual JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 9 mechanism mechanism NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 10 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 11 viral viral RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 12 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 13 induced induce VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 14 Infection infection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 15 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 16 enveloped envelop VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 17 viruses virus NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 18 requires require VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 19 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 20 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 21 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 22 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 23 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 24 cellular cellular JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 25 membranes membrane NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 26 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 27 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 28 process process NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 29 mediated mediate VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 30 by by IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 31 specific specific JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 32 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 33 envelope envelope NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 34 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 203 35 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 1 Information information NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 2 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 3 studies study NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 4 with with IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 5 whole whole JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 6 viruses virus NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 7 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 8 as as RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 9 well well RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 10 as as IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 11 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 12 dissection dissection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 13 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 14 has have VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 15 suggested suggest VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 16 that that IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 17 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 18 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 19 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 21 F F NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 23 from from IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 24 Paramyxoviridae Paramyxoviridae NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 25 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 26 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 27 family family NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 28 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 29 includes include VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 30 major major JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 31 human human JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 32 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 33 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 34 has have VBZ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 35 two two CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 36 hydrophobic hydrophobic JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 37 segments segment NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 38 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 39 termed term VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 40 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 41 peptides peptide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 204 42 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 1 These these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 2 peptides peptide NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 3 are be VBP cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 4 directly directly RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 5 responsible responsible JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 6 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 7 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 8 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 9 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 10 event event NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 205 11 . . . cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 1 The the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 2 recently recently RB cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 3 determined determine VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 4 three three CD cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 5 - - HYPH cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 6 dimensional dimensional JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 7 structure structure NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 8 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 9 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 10 pre pre JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 11 - - JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 12 fusion fusion JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 13 conformation conformation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 14 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 15 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 16 F F NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 17 protein protein NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 18 supported support VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 19 these these DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 20 predictions prediction NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 21 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 22 enabled enable VBD cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 23 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 24 formulation formulation NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 25 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 26 : : : cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 28 1 1 LS cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 30 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 31 detailed detailed JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 32 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 33 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 34 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 35 initial initial JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 36 interaction interaction NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 37 between between IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 38 F F NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 39 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 40 the the DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 41 target target NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 42 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 43 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 45 2 2 LS cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 47 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 48 new new JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 49 model model NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 50 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 51 Paramyxovirusinduced Paramyxovirusinduced NNP cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 52 membrane membrane NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 53 fusion fusion NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 54 that that WDT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 55 can can MD cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 56 be be VB cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 57 extended extend VBN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 58 to to IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 59 other other JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 60 viral viral JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 61 families family NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 62 , , , cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 63 and and CC cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 64 ( ( -LRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 65 3 3 LS cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 66 ) ) -RRB- cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 67 a a DT cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 68 novel novel JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 69 strategy strategy NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 70 for for IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 71 developing develop VBG cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 72 better well JJR cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 73 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 74 of of IN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 75 paramyxovirus paramyxovirus JJ cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 76 infection infection NN cord-285910-rw2byz31 206 77 . . .