Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 84 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14296 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 82 surgery 37 patient 19 COVID-19 13 covid-19 9 surgical 8 study 8 result 8 method 8 conclusion 8 case 6 year 6 treatment 6 postoperative 6 group 5 follow 5 ICU 5 Hospital 4 introduction 4 complication 4 University 4 SARS 4 January 4 BMI 3 time 3 surgeon 3 score 3 procedure 3 laparoscopic 3 injury 3 fracture 3 day 3 cardiac 3 bariatric 3 ISS 3 GERD 3 Department 2 werden 2 von 2 trauma 2 roux 2 robotic 2 rate 2 plastic 2 nach 2 mortality 2 mit 2 mean 2 material 2 high 2 hernia Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 14799 patient 8419 % 6701 surgery 4453 case 3746 result 3309 study 2832 group 2821 method 2776 procedure 2557 treatment 2482 complication 2459 time 2374 injury 2316 year 2239 conclusion 2196 day 2008 rate 1850 hospital 1796 risk 1774 trauma 1759 fracture 1735 outcome 1730 p 1488 surgeon 1389 approach 1380 resection 1326 mortality 1313 month 1277 operation 1274 age 1257 cancer 1255 technique 1202 pain 1173 care 1140 hernia 1131 use 1128 disease 1111 analysis 1093 datum 1047 management 1030 introduction 1000 system 992 blood 986 tumor 974 level 944 type 910 diagnosis 907 period 901 infection 899 number Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 1322 der 919 COVID-19 837 CT 561 mit 528 al 512 eine 441 und 426 von 416 bei 412 et 410 Patienten 392 ¼ 370 Hospital 362 C 359 Surgery 349 werden 343 University 331 einer 324 II 321 ICG 308 BMI 286 zu 276 ICU 270 AE 260 . 255 sich 245 SARS 241 January 237 ein 234 ± 234 Background 230 nach 213 MD 205 GERD 204 CoV-2 203 mg 198 auf 191 Department 188 Patient 188 Group 186 Ergebnisse 183 Trauma 182 einem 180 zur 180 des 180 A 179 PPE 178 den 178 IV 177 das Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 4179 we 2285 it 705 they 698 i 454 he 437 she 403 them 162 us 114 you 57 one 47 itself 31 themselves 19 her 14 him 11 me 9 ourselves 5 yourself 3 himself 2 ours 1 wouldn´t 1 theirs 1 t4-stadium 1 oneself 1 mg 1 isap 1 ionm 1 imagej 1 his 1 enteroenterostomy 1 em 1 before;she Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 46027 be 7062 have 3387 use 3261 perform 1888 include 1820 undergo 1791 show 1540 follow 1512 do 1479 die 1352 compare 1232 present 1214 increase 1175 require 1076 treat 1054 reduce 986 associate 970 report 948 evaluate 920 find 841 base 800 identify 775 provide 740 need 731 consider 730 make 711 develop 652 occur 650 assess 639 aim 624 improve 589 take 585 relate 578 remain 570 operate 529 reveal 524 observe 522 allow 507 lead 506 analyze 495 demonstrate 491 cause 482 result 479 accord 469 describe 463 receive 459 give 455 see 449 achieve 442 recommend Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3664 surgical 2878 not 2695 laparoscopic 2694 - 2106 high 2065 postoperative 1505 low 1461 clinical 1404 operative 1372 more 1365 abdominal 1330 well 1269 significant 1244 most 1152 also 1097 gastric 1083 acute 1048 only 1024 however 1012 first 996 other 937 mean 920 old 904 early 899 long 892 right 891 medical 881 non 833 such 820 invasive 801 as 770 significantly 762 severe 749 post 725 open 703 good 699 primary 696 elective 672 small 668 patient 658 total 653 robotic 652 left 652 common 650 less 639 single 631 up 627 different 626 large 615 safe Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 250 most 204 good 158 Most 124 least 116 high 44 low 42 large 38 great 27 late 22 bad 17 big 15 strong 15 early 12 common 10 long 8 short 8 near 8 fast 7 close 5 safe 4 new 3 p=0.016 3 northernmost 3 narrow 3 deep 2 young 2 wiederhergestellt 2 thick 2 strict 2 small 2 rare 2 quick 2 poor 2 healthy 2 few 1 wealthy 1 weak 1 tough 1 submucosa 1 slow 1 simple 1 severe 1 reizlose 1 radiopalmar 1 postt 1 patients(Jan.2016 1 grave 1 endoscopy 1 easy 1 colonoscopy Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 994 most 103 least 16 well 2 worst 2 astrocytomas 1 shortest 1 highest 1 hard 1 fewest Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 links.lww.com 2 www.researchregistry.com 2 orcid.org 2 doi.org 1 www.surveymonkey.com 1 www.real-score.org 1 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 1 www.equator-network.org 1 www.csats.com 1 www.colorectaleducation.com 1 structure.biol.ucy.ac.cy 1 scholar.google.com 1 nihserver.mbi.ucla.edu 1 journals 1 flexdex.com 1 creativecommons.org 1 bcb.med.usherbrooke.ca 1 atgme.org 1 apps.dtic.mil Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 2 http://www.researchregistry.com 1 http://www.surveymonkey.com 1 http://www.real-score.org 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 1 http://www.equator-network.org/ 1 http://www.csats.com 1 http://www.colorectaleducation.com/ 1 http://structure.biol.ucy.ac.cy/latcom.html 1 http://scholar.google.com/ 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1065-6137 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6444-6592 1 http://nihserver.mbi.ucla.edu/RACC/ 1 http://links.lww.com/PRSGO/B508. 1 http://links.lww.com/DCR/B405 1 http://links.lww.com/DCR/B404 1 http://links.lww.com/DCR/B403 1 http://journals 1 http://flexdex.com/register-for-training 1 http://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-018-1058-9 1 http://doi.org/10.1007/s00068-018-1033-5 1 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 1 http://bcb.med.usherbrooke.ca/sherlocc.php 1 http://atgme.org/ 1 http://apps.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA403148 Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 teven.chad@mayo.edu 1 ra16@med.fsu.edu 1 colin.m.krueger@immanuelalbertinen.de Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 patients undergoing thoracic 31 patients undergoing laparoscopic 22 patients undergoing surgery 22 patients underwent laparoscopic 19 patients were male 18 patients undergoing major 16 patients were not 15 patients did not 15 patients undergoing surgeries 14 patients undergoing elective 13 % were male 12 patient did not 12 time was significantly 11 patients undergoing lung 10 approach is feasible 10 month follow up 10 months follow up 10 patients underwent surgical 10 surgery is not 9 % were female 9 groups were comparable 9 patients were female 9 surgery is safe 8 group was significantly 8 patients were more 8 year follow up 7 patients undergoing coronary 7 patients undergoing vats 7 patients underwent surgery 7 patients were initially 7 patients were males 7 surgery was necessary 6 complications were not 6 patient underwent laparoscopic 6 patient was asymptomatic 6 patients had multiple 6 patients undergoing bariatric 6 patients undergoing emergency 6 patients undergoing gastrointestinal 6 patients undergoing hh 6 patients undergoing lsg 6 patients undergoing thoracotomy 6 surgery is feasible 6 treatment is not 5 % did not 5 approach is safe 5 group did not 5 group is significantly 5 groups were similar 5 patient is not Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 approach is not feasible 2 cases had no complications 2 complications were not significantly 2 groups showed no significant 2 operations are not further 2 outcomes were not available 2 patient had no further 2 patient had no significant 2 patients found no significant 2 patients had no relationship 2 rate was not significantly 2 surgery is not necessary 1 % reported no pain 1 % showing no significant 1 % were not conscious 1 approach are not adequately 1 approach is not yet 1 approaches are not feasible 1 case has not yet 1 cases had no residual 1 cases have no recurrence 1 complication showed no uniformity 1 complications are not contraindications 1 complications was not statistically 1 complications were not serious 1 complications were not statistically 1 conclusions are not possible 1 day had no effect 1 days do not adversely 1 fracture was not yet 1 fracture were not different 1 fractures are not always 1 fractures is not much 1 fractures was not significantly 1 group had no effective 1 group had no intervention 1 group required no conversions 1 group showed no difference 1 group underwent no process 1 group was not significant 1 groups had no statistically 1 groups was not significantly 1 groups were not different 1 hospital are not always 1 hospital is not available 1 hospitals have not yet 1 injuries are not adequately 1 injuries are not uncommon 1 injury did not proof 1 injury is not uncommon A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-011234-awbubjy4 author = Acevedo, Edwin title = Outcomes in conventional laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted revisional bariatric surgery: a retrospective, case–controlled study of the MBSAQIP database date = 2019-06-17 keywords = bariatric; surgery summary = This study represents the largest case-controlled retrospective review of the MBSAQIP PUF database comparing perioperative outcomes in laparoscopic-and robotic-assisted revisional/ conversional bariatric surgery. Our case-control matched analysis of 2288 revisional bariatric cases revealed longer operative duration and hospital length of stay, and higher rates of ICU admission, aggregate leak and bleeding complications in the robotic-assisted bariatric surgery compared to conventional laparoscopy. Taking into consideration the above outlined study limitations, the findings of this case-control matched analysis comparing these two surgical approaches for revision/conversion metabolic and bariatric surgery show that using the robotic platform is overall safe, but is associated with longer operative times and a higher rate of some perioperative outcome measures. doi = 10.1007/s00464-019-06917-5 id = cord-323314-y3k9dntf author = Aggarwal, Sandeep title = Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society of India (OSSI) Recommendations for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-08-22 keywords = COVID-19; patient; surgery summary = title: Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society of India (OSSI) Recommendations for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic Bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS), the only effective option for patients with obesity with or without comorbidities, has been stopped temporarily due to the ongoing novel corona virus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. In view of the possibility of resumption of BMS in near future, Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society of India (OSSI) constituted a committee of experienced surgeons to give recommendations about the requirements as well as precautions to be taken to restart BMS with emphasis on safe delivery and high-quality care. We produced this information sheet to provide patients undergoing bariatric surgical procedures with additional information on the risks of undergoing anaesthesia and surgery around the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Recommendations for metabolic and bariatric surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic from IFSO doi = 10.1007/s11695-020-04940-3 id = cord-353587-5e0kxjlt author = Aggarwal, Shruti title = COVID-19 and cataract surgery backlog in Medicare beneficiaries date = 2020-07-17 keywords = cataract; surgery summary = PURPOSE: To forecast the volume of cataract surgery in Medicare beneficiaries in the United States in 2020 and to estimate the surgical backlog that may be created due to COVID-19. In this investigation, our goals were (1) to model the volume of cataract surgery in Medicare beneficiaries in 2020 in light of to estimate the surgical backlog that might have been created due to elective surgery suspension and subsequent ramp-up. It was assumed that once the elective surgical suspension period is over, there would be a ramp-up period, and the volume of cataract surgeries performed would not immediately revert back to 100% of the prepandemic forecast. Once elective surgical suspension is lifted and surgeries resume, the Monte Carlo simulation revealed that under the optimistic scenario, it would take 4 months to revert to 90% of the prepandemic forecasted volume (performing at least 280 000 cases per month). doi = 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000337 id = cord-295216-eff02z0i author = Ahluwalia, Ranbir title = The impact of imposed delay in elective pediatric neurosurgery: an informed hierarchy of need in the time of mass casualty crisis date = 2020-05-20 keywords = Chiari; acute; patient; pediatric; surgery summary = While some recommendations apply to neurosurgery, particularly endoscopic sinonasal and skull base recommendations [2] , no manuscripts exist to systematically stratify risk associated with delay in common pediatric neurosurgical procedures. Urgent cases that present an immediate threat to the patient''s life or neurologic well-being (e.g., shunt malfunction, acute hematoma evacuation, tumor with hydrocephalus, empyema, spinal cord compression) are straightforward and undergo prompt surgical intervention. [27] of the membership of the American Society of Pediatric Neurosurgery (ASPN) demonstrated a strong preference for using presence of a syrinx regardless of symptoms in the setting of Chiari I malformation as a threshold for surgery [27] . In a cohort of 35 patients with total obstetric brachial palsy injury, younger age at the time of surgery correlated with better functional recovery (r = − 0.356, p = 0.049), particularly with finger and thumb flexion [59] . Patients with Chiari malformation type I presenting with acute neurological deficits: case series doi = 10.1007/s00381-020-04671-x id = cord-283215-dgysimh5 author = Al-Jabir, Ahmed title = Impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice - Part 2 (surgical prioritisation) date = 2020-05-12 keywords = COVID-19; College; Coronavirus; case; management; patient; surgery summary = Prioritisation of surgical services during this pandemic must be a careful balance of patient needs and resource availability and the European Association of Urology Guidelines Office offer the following suggestions for factors that must be taken into account [3] Whilst there have been no publication of guidelines by any professional association for the management of stone surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been some guidance published by Proietti et al [48] suggesting telephone triage of patients followed by prioritisation based on stone size and location, the presence of any obstructive uropathy, patient symptoms, presence of any stents or nephrostomy tubes and any other complicating factors such as renal failure or a solitary kidney. With guidelines specific to each specialty being implemented and followed, surgeons should be able to continue to provide safe and effective care to their patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.05.002 id = cord-332960-h0be6pr0 author = Angioni, Stefano title = Laparoscopy in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era date = 2020-05-14 keywords = surgery; surgical summary = The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in China at the end of 2019 has become a pandemic infection that has now involved 200 countries with 465,915 confirmed cases and 21,031 confirmed deaths. Even if it is still unknown whether SARS-CoV-2 shares the properties of other viruses that can be found in laparoscopic surgical smoke, many scientific societies have published online their recommendations on laparoscopy during this pandemic. The screening of patients for coronavirus infection before planned surgical treatment or the postponement of surgery on suspected or documented SARS-CoV-2-positive patients until their full recovery, if there is no immediate life-threatening situation, is strongly recommended. In addition to suggestions to reduce aerosol diffusion during and immediately after laparoscopy, the AAGL provides similar advice on screening patients before surgery and suggests additional imaging evaluation (chest computed tomography) prior to any surgical procedure, based on published data on its high predictive ability for early disease [28] . doi = 10.1186/s10397-020-01070-7 id = cord-307945-wkz43axo author = Baud, Grégory title = Endocrine surgery during and after the Covid-19 epidemic: Expert guidelines in France date = 2020-04-30 keywords = covid-19; epidemic; surgery summary = Guidelines drafted by an expert group led by the French-speaking Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE) propose specific surgical management principles for thyroid, parathyroid, endocrine pancreas and adrenal surgery during and after the Covid-19 epidemic. Likewise, to meet their need for specific guidelines, the Frenchspeaking Association of Endocrine Surgery (AFCE) brought together a group of experts to propose principles for the surgical management of thyroid, parathyroid, endocrine pancreas and adrenal pathologies during the Covid-19 epidemic and afterwards, when surgical activity will be able to return gradually to its normal pattern. In the Covid-19 epidemic setting, its scheduling depends on the presence or absence of severe hypercalcemia, defined by a very high level of blood calcium > 3.5 mmol/l (140 mg/l) (17) , and/or the presence of clinical complications -acute pancreatitis secondary to HPT, brown tumor, calciphylaxis, fracture osteopenia, heart rhythm disorders (QT shortening on ECG, bradycardia with risk of asystole) with cardiac insufficiency (17) (18) (19) (20) . doi = 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.04.018 id = cord-262556-gpnp06je author = Behrens, Estuardo title = COVID-19: IFSO LAC Recommendations for the Resumption of Elective Bariatric Surgery date = 2020-08-22 keywords = COVID-19; SARS; surgery summary = RESULTS: The resumption of elective BMS must be a priority maybe similar to oncological surgery, when hospitals reach phase I or II, treating obesity patients in a NON-COVID area, avoiding inadvertent intrahospital contagion from healthcare provider, patients, and relatives. On December 2019, Wuhan, China, reported an outbreak of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19) , an RNA virus that affects the respiratory system and has a high fatality rate especially in adults over the age of 60 and patients suffering obesity and its comorbidities [1] [2] [3] . Currently, the most effective treatment against obesity available is bariatric and metabolic surgery, which further resolves or improves the related comorbidities that are the same risk factors in developing a severe case of SARS-CoV-2. It is recommended that elective bariatric surgery be performed in medical facilities with the necessary infrastructure to treat obesity patients in a NON-COVID area. doi = 10.1007/s11695-020-04910-9 id = cord-323592-ymvvexfi author = Botteri, Emanuele title = Current status on the adoption of high energy devices in Italy: An Italian Society for Endoscopic Surgery and New Technologies (SICE) national survey date = 2020-11-05 keywords = HED; surgery summary = For elective procedures, the survey included questions on thyroid surgery, lower and upper GI surgery, proctologic surgery, adrenal gland surgery, pancreatic and hepatobiliary surgery, cholecystectomy, abdominal wall surgery and breast surgery. The reported use of HED was high both in open and minimally-invasive upper and lower GI surgery. The Executive Board of SICE promoted a web-based survey to investigate how surgeons working in general surgery units across Italy currently use HED in daily clinical practice. The link to complete the questionnaire was also always available in the area of the SICE website (https ://sicei talia .com), a website dedicated to the dissemination of updates on scientific research regarding minimallyinvasive surgery and surgical innovations, mainly visited by surgeons with a particular interest in laparoscopic and minimally-invasive techniques. doi = 10.1007/s00464-020-08117-y id = cord-264631-rsmcos7j author = Bregman, Dana E title = Estimated National and Regional Impact of COVID-19 on Elective Case Volume in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery date = 2020-07-30 keywords = surgery summary = doi = 10.1093/asj/sjaa225 id = cord-321631-ip6tt81e author = Brown, Jubilee title = Surgical Decision Making in the Era of COVID-19: A New Set of Rules date = 2020-04-03 keywords = surgery summary = As we determine how to pivot our practices in this rapidly changing environment, the issues of who should have surgery and how it should be performed have become key. Based on the suggestion that viruses can remain infectious and become dispersed in a plume of aerosolized smoke or steam, we have had to examine the available data and determine if that risk is greater with minimally invasive surgery or laparotomy [1] . In this issue, Morris et al take the stand that minimally invasive surgery provides superior patient outcomes, more rapid patient healing, and the risks to staff can be mitigated by patient triage and by modifications to operative technique [2] . No matter the route of surgery, practice universal COVID precautions without venting pneumoperitoneum into the room and suctioning the plume with a closed filtration system whether open or minimally invasive surgery is performed. Joint Statement in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery During the COVID-19 doi = 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.04.001 id = cord-344508-a67vsux2 author = Campanile, Fabio Cesare title = Acute cholecystitis during COVID-19 pandemic: a multisocietary position statement date = 2020-06-08 keywords = Surgery; covid-19; patient summary = Moreover, since laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not more likely to spread the COVID-19 infection than open cholecystectomy, it must be organized in such a way as to be carried out safely even in the present situation, to guarantee the patient with the best outcomes that minimally invasive surgery has shown to have. The SICE (Società Italiana di Chirurgia Endoscopica e Nuove Tecnologie), ACS-Italy Chapter (American College of Surgeons), AICO (Associazione Italiana infermieri di Camera Operatoria), CRSA (Clinical Robotic Surgery Association), SICG (Società Italiana di Chirurgia Geriatrica), SICOP (Società Italiana di Chirurgia dell''Ospedalità Privata), SPIGC (Società Polispecialistica Italiana dei Giovani Chirurghi), and the WSES (World Society of Emergency Surgery) have come out in favor of a rational analysis of the issue, especially about the choice of the surgical techniques to be implemented, preferring a "selective" approach that does not exclude the use of laparoscopy a priori but, instead, strongly considers it. doi = 10.1186/s13017-020-00317-0 id = cord-018363-qr1pk78u author = Casey, Ashley title = Consultative and Comanagement date = 2015-10-10 keywords = answer; follow; increase; old; patient; surgery summary = Results of physical examination are as follows: temperature, 38.9 °C (102.1 °F); heart rate, 116 bpm; blood pressure, 96/60 mmHg; respiratory rate, 35 breaths/min; and O 2 saturation, 74 % on 100 % O 2 with a nonrebreather mask. In the past 20 min, the patient has become abruptly short of breath, hypoxic, and severely hypotensive with a blood pressure of 72/palpation mm Hg. On physical exam, she is obtunded and in serve respiratory distress. A 64-year-old female with a past medical history signifi cant for type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted with increasing shortness of breath. A meta-analysis of 15 studies reports that hyperglycemia increased both in-hospital mortality and incidence of heart failure in patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction. Continuing warfarin treatment at the time of pacemaker in patients with high thrombotic risk was associated with a lower incidence of clinically signifi cant device-pocket hematoma, as opposed to bridging with heparin. doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-23748-0_2 id = cord-032781-85hrb0vc author = Chen, Herbert title = Featured papers in the October Issue date = 2020-09-28 keywords = surgery summary = We are highlighting these eight thought-provoking editorials: COVID 19: Surgery & the question of race, 11 Reforming our general surgery residency program at an urban level 1 Trauma Center during the COVID-19 pandemic: Towards maintaining resident safety and wellbeing, 12 COVID-19 and surgical training in Italy: Residents and young consultants perspectives from the battlefield, 13 The volume of recyclable polyethylene terephthalate plastic in operating rooms, 14 Immersive Virtual Reality in surgery and medical education: diving into the future, 15 Educational benefits of an acute care surgery rotation during the medical student surgical clerkship, 16 Do We Know Our Patients'' Goals? Delving deeper into disparity: the impact of health literacy on the surgical care of breast cancer patients Delving deeper into disparity: the impact of health literacy on the surgical care of breast cancer patients Invited commentary on "delving deeper into disparity: the impact of health literacy on the surgical care of breast cancer patients doi = 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.09.001 id = cord-285354-bp2dozzg author = Costanzi, Andrea title = In response to: Surgery in the COVID-19 phase 2 Italian scenario: Lessons learned in Northern Italy spoke hospitals date = 2020-07-01 keywords = patient; surgery summary = 1097 W e read with interest the article "COVID-19 outbreak in Northern Italy: Viewpoint of the Milan area surgical community," which reported the pandemic surge response of our colleagues within tertiary hospitals in Lombardy. As surgeons operating in spoke hospitals, we have paved through the pandemic in an unusual and unexpected way, many of us having to turn from surgical specialists into coronavirus disease (COVID) ward doctors. Nonetheless, being a surgeon used to emergencies in peripheral hospitals was a valuable resource during the COVID mass casualty incident because of our commitment to patients and acute care background. 1 Our daily schedule changed dramatically when we were asked to cancel elective surgery to increase the hospital capacity in mechanical respirators and intensive care personnel for COVID-19 patients. Surgery in the coronavirus disease 2019 phase 2 Italian scenario:Lessons learned in northern Italy spoke hospitals W e thank Dr. Costanzi and colleagues for their appreciation and interesting insights about our work. doi = 10.1097/ta.0000000000002838 id = cord-258402-9s57thvn author = Dabas, Vineet title = Management of Orthopaedic Accidental Emergencies Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: Our Experience in Preparing to Live with Corona date = 2020-09-10 keywords = covid-19; patient; surgery summary = INTRODUCTION: With increasing prevalence of coronavirus cases (including among health care providers), the current advice for orthopaedic surgeons is to favor non-operative management of most injuries and reduce face-to-face follow-up. The standard operating procedures (SOPs) were implemented which were based upon the recommendations of ICMR, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GOI and Indian Orthopaedic Association (IOA) [10] , and targeted to provide optimum healthcare at a minimum risk to the treating team as well as other patients admitted to the hospital. Among the non-COVID-19 suspects, who were shifted to non-isolation zone, those who could be managed conservatively were given adequate primary treatment like fluids, analgesics and splintage and were discharged at the earliest so as to minimize the risk of infection transmission to them as well as health care workers. doi = 10.1007/s43465-020-00252-x id = cord-285774-hvuzxlna author = Danion, J. title = Bariatric Surgical Simulation: Evaluation in a Pilot Study of SimLife, a New Dynamic Simulated Body Model date = 2020-07-03 keywords = model; simulation; surgery summary = title: Bariatric Surgical Simulation: Evaluation in a Pilot Study of SimLife, a New Dynamic Simulated Body Model The aim of the work was to assess the realism of a new cadaveric model for simulated bariatric surgery (sleeve and Roux in Y gastric bypass). CONCLUSION: The use of the SimLife model allows proposing a very realistic surgical simulation model to realistically train and objectively evaluate the performance of young surgeons. Surgical simulation provides the opportunity for supervised directed learning of trainees, allowing full mastering of technical skill and increasing performances before actual practice on patients [6] [7] [8] [9] . For this purpose, we developed the SimLife model, based on fresh human body given to science, dynamized by pulsatile vascularization with simulated blood, warmed to 37°C and ventilation [10, 11] . High case volumes and surgical fellowships are associated with improved outcomes for bariatric surgery patients: a justification of current credentialing initiatives for practice and training doi = 10.1007/s11695-020-04829-1 id = cord-016372-opojt70e author = DiMarco, Ross F. title = Postoperative Care of the Cardiac Surgical Patient date = 2010 keywords = CPB; IABP; LCO; SVR; cardiac; effect; patient; postoperative; surgery; ventricular summary = Ninety percent of all postoperative open-heart patients demonstrate a transient low cardiac output (LCO) related to the release of oxygen free radicals in response to the induced inflammatory state of cardiopulmonary bypass, or from ischemic/reperfusion injury as a result of cardioplegic arrest. Doses greater than 2 mcg/ min (>0.03 mcg/kg/min) produce effects that cause vasoconstriction with an increased SVR potentially decreasing cardiac output further as well as increasing myocardial oxygen demand. 88, 89 The indications for IABP counterpulsation are perioperative ischemia, mechanical complications of myocardial infarction (such as acute mitral regurgitation, ventricular septal defect, and cardiogenic shock), postoperative low cardiac output states not responsive to moderate doses of inotropic agents, and for the acute deterioration of myocardial function to provide temporary support or a bridge to transplantation. Inotropic effect of triiodothyronine in low cardiac output following cardioplegic arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass: an initial experience in patients undergoing open-heart surgery doi = 10.1007/978-0-387-77893-8_47 id = cord-294849-qgr0e0gt author = Diaz, Adrian title = Elective surgery in the time of COVID-19 date = 2020-04-16 keywords = elective; surgery summary = The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a significant strain on the United States health care system, and frontline healthcare workers are rapidly altering their professional responsibilities to help meet hospital needs. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has placed a significant strain on the United States health care system, and frontline healthcare workers are rapidly altering their professional responsibilities to help meet hospital needs. In an effort to decrease disease transmission and conserve personal protective equipment (PPE), and as a result of widespread recommendations, surgeons have witnessed one of the most dramatic changes in their practices with rapidly decreasing numbers of elective surgeries. However, with so many federal and state orders, along with numerous societal recommendations, surgeons and hospital leadership are left with little guidance on how to interpret quickly evolving and sometimes conflicting information. 5 In an effort to help clarify the ambiguity surrounding federal and state guidelines relative to elective surgery, several professional societies have put out their own guidelines, often providing disease specific guidance. doi = 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.04.014 id = cord-104463-btr5h70l author = Ertan, Saridogan title = COVID-19 pandemic and gynaecological endoscopic surgery date = 2020-05-07 keywords = Gynaecological; surgery summary = The authors emphasise that there is a theoretical but unproven risk of transmission during laparoscopic procedures because the viral RNA is present in the blood of 1-15% of the patients and that presence of artificial pneumoperitoneum is likely to generate aerosol due to escape of CO 2 which may contain the virus within droplets of blood or the surgical smoke. This raises further questions as to whether there is a real risk of transmission of infection from exposure to blood either in the form of air droplets or surgical smoke during surgery. Whilst there is uncertainty about the transmission through surgical smoke or the escaping CO 2 during laparoscopic surgery, what is clearer is that the virus is more likely to infect healthcare professionals during intubation or extubation for general anaesthesia (anaesthetic team), or during procedures involving the upper respiratory tract (such as Ear-Nose-Throat surgeons). COVID-19 Pandemic and and gynaecological laparoscopic surgery: knowns and unknowns Facts Views Vis Obgyn doi = nan id = cord-253567-a7qg8546 author = Friedman, Danielle T. title = Comment on: Should Bariatric Surgery be Offered to Prisoners? date = 2020-08-11 keywords = bariatric; surgery summary = The authors of this opinion piece raise the thought-provoking argument that in order to ensure equity in healthcare for imprisoned persons, and to provide optimal treatment for prisoners with obesity and its health-related comorbidities, access to bariatric surgery should be provided for qualifying individuals within the prison system. This underlines the critical argument for bariatric surgery in an imprisoned population, despite its challenges: providing these patients access to the most effective treatment for obesity and its comorbidities could help to correct dramatic racial and socioeconomic healthcare disparities impacting prisoners. Despite the promise of this proposal and the above arguments in favor of bariatric surgery in the prison population, there are numerous concerns, obstacles, and counterarguments that must be considered. In addition, one could readily see the moral, political, and social justice issues in a situation where a prisoner convicted of murder is able to receive taxpayer-funded bariatric surgery, while equally qualified family members of the victim are unable to afford the same opportunity due to insurance and access reasons. doi = 10.1016/j.soard.2020.08.001 id = cord-257824-qz6yxuph author = Fuertes, Víctor title = Current impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Spanish plastic surgery departments: a multi-center report date = 2020-05-19 keywords = Coronavirus; covid-19; surgery summary = title: Current impact of Covid-19 pandemic on Spanish plastic surgery departments: a multi-center report The total amount of procedures currently being performed ranged from 0 to 44% of the figures before the coronavirus outbreak, except for one department, with elective surgery mainly affected. The total amount of procedures currently being performed ranged from 0 to 44% of the figures before the coronavirus outbreak (Fig. 1a, b) ; except for one hospital, that was declared to maintain the same surgical activity (100%). Some of the more prevalent measures include screening protocols for Coronavirus among patients and workers, increasing hygiene measures, reducing the number of visitors per patient, directing burn patients who tested positive to other units and trying to apply day-care/ delay surgeries whenever this is possible. This might pose a challenge against the delivery of emergency surgeries and cancer care to our community if this pandemic lasts for a prolonged period long time According to our analysis, reductions of about 20-50% in the total number of consultants per team may lead to this situation. doi = 10.1007/s00238-020-01686-0 id = cord-007547-gdsoc93j author = Gillies, M.A. title = Counting the cost of cancelled surgery: a system wide approach is needed date = 2018-09-07 keywords = surgery summary = A recent prospective epidemiological study over a 1 week period in NHS hospitals suggested a cancellation rate of between 10% and 14% and that only one-third of these were because of clinical reasons. In this issue of the British Journal of Anaesthesia, Wong and colleagues 3 present a prospective observational study exploring the reasons for cancellation on the day of surgery in 245 NHS hospitals across the UK. Reducing or even stopping elective operating completely in winter months is unlikely to be a long-term solution to this problem, as many hospitals report capacity issues beyond the traditional winter months and the postponed surgery must be accommodated at another time in the year. 12 Enhanced care wards have been suggested as an alternative to critical care for patients undergoing major surgery, however, this study did not suggest that their presence reduced the rate of cancellation. doi = 10.1016/j.bja.2018.08.002 id = cord-286523-4ip8er0h author = Grippaudo, Francesca Romana title = The impact of COVID-19 in plastic surgery departments: a comparative retrospective study in a COVID-19 and in a non-COVID-19 hospital date = 2020-08-26 keywords = covid-19; hospital; surgery summary = Most of the Italian plastic surgery wards faced a reduction in beds and theatres to enable hospitals to free up healthcare staff to provide medical care for patients in other areas, given the need for a change in work organization to comply with limited outpatient clinic activities and reduced theatre availability for all hospitalization typologies and to cope with new pre-hospitalization modalities to screen up COVID-19 positive patients among the ones scheduled for surgery. Are you in contact with anyone who has been confirmed to be COVID-19 posiƟve, or that are in quaranƟne for exposure to Study data shows the effects of the consequence of cancellation of plastic surgery elective surgeries in both hospitals during the lockdown, when the operating theatre was available only for such urgent procedures as melanoma or melanoma and SLNB removal or for post-traumatic reconstruction in PU1. doi = 10.1007/s00238-020-01725-w id = cord-303631-u0rzxw7o author = Hart, Andrew title = Cover Illustration: “Lockdown” mural, Bath Street, Glasgow, by the.rebel.bearUnshackling Plastic Surgery from COVID-19 date = 2020-06-14 keywords = COVID-19; surgery summary = Considerable supportive evidence exists for the positive impact of plastic and reconstructive surgery upon quality of life, patient reported outcomes, return to work, and longterm healthcare costs, but to most effectively advocate Plastic surgery to policy makers focused upon the risks and resource requirements of COVID-19, more, scientifically robust, data is urgently needed. The undoubted benefit of immediate reconstruction for a sizeable cohort of women is being considered against the greater apparent safety and lesser shortterm resource requirement of mastectomy and delayed reconstruction, and guidance from the Association of Breast Surgery (U.K.) is under review. It will be specifically addressed in the next issue, but the solution may be to develop capacity to provide equitable access to safe, effective reconstruction, with a low complication profile, in a governanced setting where the risk of operating during COVID infection can be minimised, and detailed consent provided that includes known and unknown risks, along with the implications of awaiting delayed reconstruction. doi = 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.05.082 id = cord-335141-ag3j8obh author = Higgins, G.C. title = FFP3 reusable respirators for COVID-19; adequate and suitable in the healthcare setting date = 2020-06-30 keywords = COVID-19; Hand; Health; NHS; Sir; patient; plastic; study; surgeon; surgery; time summary = The British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons, the British Society for Surgery of the Hand and the Royal College of Surgeons of England, have all issued guidance: both encouraging patients to avoid risky pursuits, which could result in accidental injuries and to members how to prioritise and optimise services for trauma and urgent cancer work. We have adapted our Hand Trauma Service to a ''One Stop Hand Trauma and Therapy'' clinic, where patients are assessed, definitive surgery performed and offered immediate post-operative hand therapy where therapists make splint and give specialist advice on wound care and rehabilitation including an illustrated hand therapy guide. Local assessment of our practice is ongoing but we have found that this model has enabled a cohort of vulnerable plastic surgery trainees to successfully continue to work whilst reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19 and providing gold standard care for patients. doi = 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.06.002 id = cord-336438-mlgxiyur author = Huda, Farhanul title = Covid-19 and surgery: Challenging issues in the face of new normal – A narrative review date = 2020-10-23 keywords = COVID-19; patient; surgery summary = This review aims to outline the current perspectives of surgery in the COVID 19 pandemic associated with the pitfalls in implementing the emerging guidelines to continue patient care without compromising the safety, both from surgeons'' and patients'' points of view. The fight between the surgeon and the pandemic will be a dragging one since the post-pandemic efflux of the surgical patients coupled with the ''new normal'' practices to prevent COVID 19 spread requires pertinent resources, well-trained personnel, and co-operation among different departments. The global impact of the COVID 19 pandemic has challenged the healthcare system worldwide to provide quality care while restricting transmission to non-COVID 19 patients and health care workers (HCW). Since surgery exposes the healthcare team to blood and body fluids of infected patients, surgical specialties have been struggling all this while trying to strike a balance between the evolving guidelines of sick patient management who need surgical care and protecting themselves and their HCW from undue exposure. doi = 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.10.039 id = cord-349206-f77ofx1w author = Hutter, Matthew M. title = Open Letter to Insurance Companies Regarding Mandatory in Office Visit Weight Documentation in an Era of COVID-19 date = 2020-05-26 keywords = surgery summary = To: Insurance Company, Medical Director During these unprecedented times with the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become clear that some 10 populations are at increased risk of severe illness, complications, and death once contracting the novel coronavirus. Based on data from multiple studies that show no benefit to insurancemandated documentation of diet effort and/or weight loss prior to metabolic/bariatric surgery, as summarized by the ASMBS Clinical Issues Committee in our peer-reviewed publication from 2016 8 , we recommend immediate termination of all insurance-mandated diet and weight 30 related prerequisites for bariatric surgery including the excessive, burdensome, and potentially dangerous requirement for in-office weight documentation. Insurance-mandated preoperative counseling does not improve outcome and increases dropout rate in patients considering gastric bypass for morbid obesity Postoperative 105 outcomes in bariatric surgical patients participating in an insurance-mandated preoperative weight management program Insurance-mandated medical 110 weight management before bariatric surgery doi = 10.1016/j.soard.2020.05.020 id = cord-320877-1i0hzfjk author = KIYKAÇ ALTINBAŞ, Şadıman title = Gynecological laparoscopic surgery in the shade of COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-06-23 keywords = covid-19; patient; surgery summary = Non-urgent elective surgeries have been cancelled or postponed to free up beds for coronavirus critically ill patients, to allow the best use of medical resources for both the patients and the health care providers, and to reduce the contamination risk of healthy people. Although elective surgeries are limited during the COVID-19 pandemic, situations requiring an urgent gynaecological or obstetric surgical approach must still be performed. Although elective surgeries are limited during the COVID-19 pandemic, situations requiring an urgent gynaecological or obstetric surgical approach must still be performed. The routes chosen to perform the surgery either by open or by minimally invasive (laparoscopy, robotics or vaginally) techniques, it is vital to follow patient management algorithms prepared within the evidence during COVID-19 pandemic. When aerosol-generating procedures are performed, and until air exchanges have reduced the virus after the procedure, airborne precaution PPE is recommended and should be worn by all surgical staff within the OR during all operations, whether by laparoscopy or laparotomy [5, 15] . doi = 10.3906/sag-2004-272 id = cord-303600-96vtj89w author = Kapoor, Deeksha title = Elective Gastrointestinal Surgery in COVID Times date = 2020-10-22 keywords = covid; patient; surgery summary = This led to the cancellation and delay in elective surgical cases which can have far-reaching consequences This study reports our experience of elective gastro-intestinal surgical procedures during the COVID pandemic, after instating preventive strategies and screening protocols to prevent the transmission of COVID infection. With preventive and screening strategies and proper patient selection, it is possible to deliver safe GI surgical services during the COVID pandemic, without increasing the risk for major postoperative complications. None of the surgical patients developed COVID-related symptoms in the postoperative period or required testing while in the hospital. Our experience taught us that there are three main challenges in surgery during the COVID pandemic, namely, how to select patients for elective surgical procedures; modifications, if any, of the existing treatment and surgical protocols; and ensuring the safety of patients and the healthcare personnel involved. doi = 10.1007/s12262-020-02642-9 id = cord-275985-rj0o7lg2 author = Keller, Deborah S. title = Choosing the new normal for surgical education using alternative platforms date = 2020-08-30 keywords = education; surgeon; surgery; surgical summary = Social media (SoMe), a tool that uses electronic communications and applications to allow users create and share information in dynamic ways, can meet this challenge. The COVID-19 pandemic has indeed created an abrupt need for new and innovative end-to-end training solutions, as well as a greater willingness for trainers and trainees to use novel technologies for surgical education. Social media and digital learning tools may be the ideal alternative platforms to meet the changing needs in surgical training and professional development. 5 Applications of SoMe specific for surgical education include live dissemination of research from peer-reviewed journals, live tweeting at medical conferences, online journal clubs, transmission of news from professional societies and surgical departments, coordination of research collaborative groups, and consultations/general discussion to further medical learning. A prime example of this communication ability is a closed Facebook group the Robotic Surgery Collaborative, which allow surgeons to share de-identified cases, post informal polls, and exchange questions and experiences regarding particular techniques or practices (Figure 1 ). doi = 10.1016/j.mpsur.2020.07.017 id = cord-275266-e6omvo5x author = Kort, Nanne P title = Resuming hip and knee arthroplasty after COVID-19: ethical implications for well-being, safety and the economy date = 2020-07-07 keywords = COVID-19; arthroplasty; patient; surgery summary = 7, 8 These economic factors will influence the decision to re-start elective total joint Resuming hip and knee arthroplasty after COVID-19: ethical implications for well-being, safety and the economy arthroplasty during the COVID-19 pandemic. This specific, informed consent (IC) for elective surgery in times of COVID-19 requires further discussion with the patient about higher risk of virus transmission including from healthcare workers, the long incubation period (up to 14 days), the variable nature of the disease from mild to fatal, and discussions regarding ceilings of care and the potential need for ventilation. In this challenging time, when reinstating elective surgery in a risky scenario with limited resources, surgeons have the responsibility to follow a shared decision-making process with the patient that includes an understanding of the legal aspects of complications, and COVID-19 specific, informed consent. doi = 10.1177/1120700020941232 id = cord-287376-wxldnlih author = Krüger, Colin M. title = Can surgery follow the dictates of the pandemic “keep your distance”? Requirements with COVID-19 for hygiene, resources and the team date = 2020-08-03 keywords = covid-19; patient; surgery; surgical summary = Finally, the choice of surgical method, whether open surgery or minimally invasive procedures, is critical in determining how many colleagues are exposed to the risk of infection from COVID-19 patients, sometimes for hours. Here, robot-assisted surgery can comply with the pandemic''s requirement to "keep your distance" in a unique way, since the surgeon can operate at virtually any distance from the surgical site, at least with regard to aerosol formation and exposure. There were two central factors in the German hospital landscape that led to the restrictions described below: First, the call by the German Federal Ministry of Health to substantially increase the number of intensive care beds which would allow invasive ventilation of patients by temporarily postponing elective procedures; and second, the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), which is mainly produced in China, that accompanied the beginning of the pandemic. doi = 10.3205/dgkh000354 id = cord-306999-bedygxjs author = Kurihara, Hayato title = Authors'' response: Surgery in the coronavirus disease 2019 phase 2 Italian scenario: Lessons learned in northern Italy spoke hospitals date = 2020-07-01 keywords = COVID-19; surgery summary = • We continue, during this pandemic event, to face different surgical scenarios, emergent, urgent, and elective (particularly cancer related), and we continue to use laparoscopy (in coronavirus disease patients too) when the laparoscopic technique is recommended and widely recognized. Despite HIVand HBV being blood-borne viruses, laparoscopic surgery is being performed in HIV and HBV patients for many years, and no clear demonstration is available of viral transmission through the pneumoperitoneum or surgical smoke. For these reasons, we do not believe that results from the available literature can be extrapolated to the COVID-19 pandemic as to justify the current too restrictive guidelines on laparoscopic surgery against the evident and well-known and evidence-based advantages of laparoscopy with respect to the open approach in many fields of surgery. 1 At the end of their letter, the authors point out that "resources and expertise are widely available" during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and a restrictive use of laparoscopy would have been acceptable only in a war scenario. doi = 10.1097/ta.0000000000002837 id = cord-033829-56ka60bc author = Lau, Joseph W.Y. title = Editor’s Perspective November 2020 date = 2020-10-16 keywords = article; surgery summary = In the October 2020 issue of Editor''s Perspective, I focused on the major advances in fibre-optic endoscopic surgery, a branch of minimally invasive surgery which marks the major developments of Surgery 3.0. The third article is a systematic review and meta-analysis on 22 randomized trials looking at the "effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution on coronary artery bypass grafting". The fourth article on "Robotic surgery for gastric cancer in the west" concluded that robotic gastrectomy had comparable short-term outcomes as open and laparoscopic approaches. The fifth article comparing "the efficacy and safety of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) versus open repair or optimal medical therapy for acute type B aortic dissection" concluded that TEVAR produced better 30 days/in-hospital mortality than open surgery and better long-term mortality than optimal medical therapy. The fifth article determined whether laparoscopic surgery to be safe and effective for management of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases in a population-based analysis in Ontario, Canada. doi = 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.10.002 id = cord-260253-kd9fw7fh author = Lei, Shaoqing title = Author''s reply date = 2020-05-18 keywords = surgery summary = Thus, any infection long after surgery (say, 10 to 14 days after surgery) or those who contacted with confirmed cases of COVID-19 after surgery (such as the 3 excluded patients) were excluded. Additionally, we cannot exclude the possibility that there may be someone who got infected and performed surgery but maintained asymptomatic, despite this might be rare. as the authors estimated could only be the rate of unintentional surgery that activated latent infection. As for the number of patients in each group (surgical difficulties), we have presented the details of types of surgery and grading of surgical difficulty in Table 1 and Table 2 in our published article [1] . We appreciate the authors'' suggestion of providing detailed rates of infection and mortality etc. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing surgeries during the incubation period of COVID-19 infection Perioperative management of patients infected with the novel coronavirus: recommendation from the joint task force of the chinese society of anesthesiology and the chinese association of anesthesiologists doi = 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100386 id = cord-317468-pnxni1x5 author = Louie, Philip K. title = Early Peri-operative Outcomes Were Unchanged in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New York City date = 2020-09-15 keywords = SARS; patient; surgery summary = The purpose of this study was to describe the peri-operative outcomes of patients undergoing spine surgery for spine pathology during the heights of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City, including particular attention to the development of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms, post-operative complications, and patient monitoring following hospital discharge during the early post-operative period. The surgical dates also encompass a period of time in which the institution (1) followed state directives to suspend elective surgery and instead utilize strict criteria to define essential surgical cases (Table 1) , (2) dispensed personal protective equipment to medical personnel, (3) selectively performed post-admission SARS-CoV-2 testing (Cepheid Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) following patient assessment by a multidisciplinary team, (4) initiated a telehealth service for post-operative follow-up, and (5) began a progressively intensive patient screening process (Fig. 1) . doi = 10.1007/s11420-020-09797-x id = cord-345496-gdnpz6a1 author = López Cano, Manuel title = Abdominal Wall Surgery after SARS-CoV-2: Time to Reestablish Postponed Non-essential Procedures? date = 2020-10-19 keywords = non; surgery summary = title: Abdominal Wall Surgery after SARS-CoV-2: Time to Reestablish Postponed Non-essential Procedures? Likewise, SARS-CoV-2 will leave its mark on the structure and organization of healthcare facilities secondary to the ''express'' change in the order and provision of care, resulting in the reorganization of hospitals and the provision of most resources for the treatment of patients affected by COVID-19. Given this situation, in our opinion, the reorganization task of returning to ''normal'' abdominal wall surgery activity can only be achieved through the cooperation of all healthcare professionals, optimizing the available resources and once again reinventing, with much effort and burnout, an insufficient and weakened healthcare model. In the same manner, patients awaiting an abdominal wall procedure (and society in general) should be aware of the problem of delayed treatment for their pathology. In short, we believe that abdominal wall surgery (at least a portion of patients requiring hospitalization) should return to surgical reorganization programs after the pandemic. doi = 10.1016/j.cireng.2020.10.013 id = cord-286646-d3x0rekw author = Martin, Allison N. title = Academic global surgery and COVID-19: Turning impediments into opportunities date = 2020-05-14 keywords = global; surgery summary = As the COVID-19 pandemic has shut borders and economies around the globe, many will look internally to protect our own, and the support of global surgery programs that rely on international travel exchanges may be in jeopardy. Yet, a pandemic also highlights the true interdependence of health around the world, and the impediments to sustaining academic global surgery programs are perhaps also opportunities to better develop and maintain programs that incorporate the competencies of global surgery into a future of collaborative surgical education and innovation. The current global public health crisis illustrates resource constraints, health inequities and structural disparities in healthcare systems worldwidedleaders of tomorrow need a global view, and so it is particularly important to incorporate an academic global surgery curriculum that includes principles of ethics, health economics, disparities, and varying clinical pathologies. doi = 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.05.022 id = cord-032067-eemlg0px author = Masket, Samuel title = Same Day Bilateral Cataract Surgery—Who Benefits? date = 2020-09-18 keywords = SDBCS; surgery summary = 1 The proponents of SDBCS indicate that given current surgical techniques, use of prophylactic intracameral antibiotics and undergoing second eye surgery with a new sterile prep and drape, a new fully sterilized instrument set, and separate batches of disposable products from disparate lots should reduce risks to infinitesimally small numbers; they also indicate that the world''s literature has but few cases of bilateral infection after surgery. Although third-party reimbursement strategies vary across countries and healthcare delivery systems, in the United States, physicians and surgery centers are reimbursed just 50% for second eye surgery performed on the same calendar day under traditional fee-for-service Medicare; this creates a significant financial disincentive for SDBCS. At present, at least with regard to surgery in the United States under traditional Medicare, it appears as though the surgeon is financially compromised and the patient put at greater risk, whereas the third-party payer is the ultimate beneficiary of SDBCS. doi = 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.08.017 id = cord-275833-c3zamfix author = McElligott, Helen title = Hybrid-CERAB (Covered Endovascular Reconstruction of the Aortic Bifurcation) Procedure is preferable to Aorto-Bi-Femoral Bypass for Limb-threatening Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease during the COVID-19 Crisis. date = 2020-09-02 keywords = COVID-19; surgery summary = Endovascular therapy offers a way by which peri-operative risk can be reduced for vascular patients, while also reducing the impact of acute surgery on intensive care unit capacity. This case reports the management of a patient with complex aorto-iliac occlusive disease via a hybrid endovascular approach in light of the above constraints, with a successful outcome. We report a case of a patient with acute-on-chronic TASC-II (Trans-Atlantic Inter-8 Society Consensus II) D aorto-iliac occlusive disease managed by covered endovascular 9 reconstruction of the aortic bifurcation (CERAB) as an alternative to open surgery in the era of 10 COVID-19. Early data has 16 highlighted the impact of SARS-Cov2 infection on post-operative outcomes, with mortality rates 17 as high as 40% in COVID-19-positive patients undergoing vascular surgery reported 10 . Concerns regarding post-operative mortality in the event of SARS-Cov2 infection, 7 critical care bed capacity and inpatient length of stay will undoubtedly lead to a re-imagining of 8 the role of endovascular therapy in the management of complex aorto-iliac occlusive disease. doi = 10.1016/j.jvscit.2020.08.019 id = cord-266842-fr7kj186 author = McKechnie, Tyler title = Virtual Surgical Training During COVID-19: Operating Room Simulation Platforms Accessible from Home date = 2020-05-01 keywords = Surgery summary = title: Virtual Surgical Training During COVID-19: Operating Room Simulation Platforms Accessible from Home Computer-and phone-based technologies provide access to intraoperative video recordings, virtual reality (VR) operating room simulations, and other interactive surgical platforms. 3 The aim of the present article is to provide an overview of the available computerand phone-based platforms accessible at home for surgical trainees who currently have limited surgical exposure given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Currently, over 20 computer-based platforms, ranging over nine surgical specialties, are available on the internet and are accessible from home. Fifteen computer-based platforms are freely accessible, one platform (Incision Academy) is offering a four-week free trial during the COVID-19 pandemic, and seven platforms require paid accounts. This is a free platform that organizes over 400 peer-reviewed articles, has over 1,000 interactive clinical images, and allows for self-assessment. It is an interactive, virtual reality platform that allows the user to progress through the key steps of an operation. doi = 10.1097/sla.0000000000003999 id = cord-276676-lgt0rzob author = Moka, Eleni title = Best Practice in Cardiac Anesthesia during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Practical Recommendations date = 2020-07-03 keywords = ICU; cardiac; covid-19; patient; surgery summary = Indeed, the pandemic has already affected cardiac surgery units in multiple ways: limited number of available ICU beds and ventilation sites, necessity to postpone or cancel elective and/or complex cardiac interventional procedures, patients developing COVID-19 post cardiac surgery, coronavirus patients necessitating urgent cardiac operations, cardiac anesthetists'' in-hospital transfer to staff and support ICUs in front of the pandemic, infected health care providers with consequent shortage of medical and nursing practitioners, restrictions in clinical meetings, and cancelation of training and continuing medical education [6, 8] . Based on the current understanding of COVID-19 pathophysiology and the clinical characteristics of cardiovascular surgical patients, in this review, the authors highlight related anesthesia concerns and provide practical recommendations in reference to perioperative planning and management of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, along with a focus on disease control and prevention in the times of COVID-19 outbreak. doi = 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.06.008 id = cord-327314-8vz9x8f1 author = Ni, Yan title = Acute normovolemic hemodilution for major cancer surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic: A beacon of hope date = 2020-05-15 keywords = surgery summary = title: Acute normovolemic hemodilution for major cancer surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic: A beacon of hope cancer surgeries to be performed safely and at the earliest in such a situation of insufficient allogenic blood supplies. In our hospital, the surgical treatments of 22 cancer patients scheduled for major cancer surgeries were cancelled multiple times because of the shortage of allogenic blood supplies during February 2020. As shown in Because safety is a major focus of surgical and perioperative care, preoperatively acquired blood and blood products remain a routine safeguard for patients undergoing major cancer surgeries. ANH: acute normovolemic hemodilution, Hb: hemoglobin, Hct: hematocrit, iCa 2+ : ionized calcium, Lac: lactate, Plt: platelet, POD: Table 1 Baseline demographics, comorbidities, and types of surgery. Impact of acute normovolemic hemodilution on allogeneic blood transfusion during open abdominal cancer surgery: a propensity matched retrospective study The efficacy of acute normovolemic hemodilution for preventing perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion in gynecological cancer patients doi = 10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.109871 id = cord-263773-b8zbgaor author = Novara, Giacomo title = Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Diffusion when Performing Minimally Invasive Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-04-13 keywords = surgery summary = title: Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Diffusion when Performing Minimally Invasive Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic Based on the high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in stools [4] , some reports on the presence of other viruses in Although, to the best of our knowledge, cases of this type of transmission have not been reported so far, this issue must be evaluated with particular caution for urologists still allowed to perform minimally invasive procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is especially important when removing trocars at the end of a procedure, when making a skin incision for specimen retrieval, and in the rare J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f cases of conversion to open surgery. Unfortunately, even urologists who have the privilege of being able to continue performing minimally invasive surgery must rethink details of their activities to minimize the risks for patients and health care workers. Considerations in the triage of urologic surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic Urology practice during COVID-19 pandemic doi = 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.04.015 id = cord-032915-r6qguo8q author = Paul, Saptarshi title = The dilemma faced by a budding cardiothoracic surgeon in India—a first hand account date = 2020-09-30 keywords = CABG; coronary; surgery summary = In this article, I have tried to make young surgeons aware of what they will face during their residency tenure and also to attend to some of their worries prior to selecting cardiac surgery as a career option. As stated by Burt et al., increasing years of surgeon experience is associated with improved operative efficiency and long-term survival in valvular cardiac surgery [1] . As of 2019, the SYNTAXES (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With TAXUS and Cardiac Surgery Extended Survival) trial, which is a 10-year follow-up study of the SYNTAX trial, has shown that patients with threevessel disease had a survival advantage with CABG versus PCI at 10 years. I implore all the young surgeons to observe the post operative management intently, as it has as much implications on the prognosis of the patient as the surgery itself. Influence of experience and the surgical learning curve on long-term patient outcomes in cardiac surgery doi = 10.1007/s12055-020-01045-5 id = cord-306016-2gudro8v author = Pelt, Christopher E. title = The Rapid Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic by the Arthroplasty Divisions at Two Academic Referral Centers date = 2020-04-21 keywords = COVID-19; patient; surgery summary = In order to ensure and provide for adequate health care resources in terms of hospital capacity, personnel and personal protective equipment (PPE), service lines such as adult reconstruction and lower limb arthroplasty have stopped or substantially limited elective surgeries and have been forced to re-engineer care processes for a high-volume of patients. In order to 6 ensure and provide for adequate health care resources in terms of hospital capacity, personnel 7 and personal protective equipment (PPE), service lines such as adult reconstruction and lower 8 limb arthroplasty have stopped or substantially limited elective surgeries and have been forced 9 In order to ensure and provide for 26 adequate health care resources, hospital capacity, personnel and personal protective 27 equipment (PPE), service lines such as adult reconstruction and lower limb arthroplasty have 28 stopped or substantially limited elective surgeries and have been forced to re-engineer care 29 processes for a high-volume of patients. doi = 10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.030 id = cord-034185-e0am7pa6 author = Piccioni, Federico title = Recommendations from the Italian intersociety consensus on Perioperative Anesthesa Care in Thoracic surgery (PACTS) part 2: intraoperative and postoperative care date = 2020-10-23 keywords = ICU; NIV; Strength; patient; postoperative; surgery; thoracic summary = We do not recommend the routine use of either continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or non invasive ventilation (NIV) to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications, prolonged length of stay, and mortality (both in ICU and in hospital) in patients undergoing major thoracic surgery. Level of evidence: Fair Strength of recommendation: C A meta-analysis of 45 studies including almost 5800 patients showed that a single perioperative dose of intravenous dexamethasone resulted in significant reductions in pain scores and opioid use, and was associated with shorter stays in the post-anesthesia recovery room, compared with placebo or antiemetic treatment (Waldron et al. Level of evidence: Fair Strength of recommendation: A Multiple clinical trials have shown that, in patients undergoing open thoracotomy or other major surgical procedures, thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is superior to intravenous opioid administration in terms of postoperative pain relief, length of hospital stay, and incidence of postoperative complications (Hazelrigg et al. doi = 10.1186/s13741-020-00159-z id = cord-348537-rsdyiygo author = Pignatti, Marco title = How the COVID-19 pandemic changed the Plastic Surgery activity in a regional referral center in Northen Italy date = 2020-05-15 keywords = covid-19; surgery summary = Finally we underline the importance of using telemedicine and web-based tools to transmit images of lesions that need the surgeon''s evaluation, and can be used by the patient to keep in touch with a doctor during the distressing time of delay of the expected procedure. All the patients already booked on an outpatient clinic at the time the switch from elective to urgent activity was implemented were contacted, on a daily basis, to evaluate the urgency of their case and to decide whether to cancel, postpone or maintain their appointment. However the use of internet tools for monitoring reconstructive surgery patients has been largely described 22, 23, 24 .Instant sharing of images or video calls allow plastic surgeons to make an easy consultation, filtering only clinical cases that really need to be evaluated in person for an adequate treatment. doi = 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.05.002 id = cord-353004-ocnp758o author = Prakash, Lakshmanan title = COVID-19 in the operating room: a review of evolving safety protocols date = 2020-07-20 keywords = COVID-19; patient; surgery; surgical summary = METHODS: A systematic review of the available literature was performed using the keyword terms "COVID-19", "Coronavirus", "surgeon", "health-care workers", "protection" and "Orthopaedic Surgery". A systematic review of the available literature was performed using the keyword terms "COVID-19", "Coronavirus", "surgeon", "health-care workers", "protection" and "Orthopaedic Surgery". Not much has been written on the risks involved, methods and precautions required for an orthopedic surgeon and his operating room personnel whilst carrying out surgical procedures within the theatre. He proposed an decision-making algorithm ( Fig. 1 ) for deciding whether and when to proceed with an elective surgery, based on surgical indications and predicted requirement of critical resources, including blood product transfusions, estimated length of hospital stay, and the possible requirement for post-operative ventilation and ICU care [14] . Surgeons and personnel not needed for intubation should remain outside the operating room until anesthesia induction and intubation are completed for patients with or suspected of having COVID-19 infection [24] . doi = 10.1186/s13037-020-00254-6 id = cord-253318-nlk8pjv2 author = Roberti, Fabio title = Minimally invasive lumbar decompression and removal of symptomatic Heterotopic bone formation after spinal fusion with rhBMP-2 date = 2020-05-06 keywords = bone; fusion; surgery summary = Abstract We present a case of symptomatic heterotopic bone formation following revision of posterolateral lumbar fusion/instrumentation and "off-label" use of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), treated successfully with the use of a minimally invasive tubular approach. We report a case of symptomatic heterotopic bone formation following lumbar spinal revision surgery and posterolateral fusion with rhBMP-2, successfully treated using a minimally invasive tubular approach and provide documentation of the technical aspect of the procedure. In light of the absence of significant low back pain, the predominance of radicular symptoms, the absence of mechanical instability and the presence of bilateral facet arthrodesis, as well as the history of previous lumbar surgeries and associated medical comorbidities, we felt a minimally invasive approach was an appropriate option to be selected in this case and the patients concurred with this informed decision. In the presented case we found the use of minimally invasive techniques to be of benefit for the removal of heterotopic bone formation following lumbar spine fusion with rhBMP-2. doi = 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.235 id = cord-272061-r4a4cvug author = Rossella, Elia title = Plastic Surgery in the time of Coronavirus in Italy. Can we really say “Thanks God we are plastic surgeons?” date = 2020-09-04 keywords = surgery summary = title: Plastic Surgery in the time of Coronavirus in Italy. We reviewed the data of all the patients admitted to our Plastic Surgery Unit, which is located in a COVID hospital, from our institution digital databases from the 1 st to the 31 st of March 2020 and we compared those data with the ones of the previous 5 years. Quite for this reason, ten patients were admitted to our Burn Center this month alone. Not even the prison system has remained foreign to the previous observations, with reference to patients who had needed recovery and treatment in a plastic surgery department. The Plastic Surgery Community continues to work and to fight the same universal battle with the same sense of responsibility. Responsibility to be part of the cure and not part of the disease 2 . For instance, dedicated plastic surgery teams comprising attending physicians and residents have been established in our Center. doi = 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.08.081 id = cord-277803-7p1qu2rf author = Rubino, Francesco title = Bariatric and metabolic surgery during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: DSS recommendations for management of surgical candidates and postoperative patients and prioritisation of access to surgery date = 2020-05-07 keywords = bariatric; metabolic; obesity; patient; surgery summary = Given the uncertainty regarding the effects and duration of the COVID-19 outbreak, combined with the progressive nature of obesity, diabetes, and related conditions, delaying bariatric and metabolic surgery could increase the risks for morbidity and mortality in surgical candidates. doi = 10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30157-1 id = cord-278609-zxdd06ur author = Sarac, Benjamin A. title = The Impact of COVID-19-based Suspension of Surgeries on Plastic Surgery Practices: A Survey of ACAPS Members date = 2020-08-03 keywords = COVID-19; surgery summary = Data on individual and plastic surgery practice demographics, COVID-19 prevention measures, and procedures or services that were being performed or delayed were collected and analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Plastic surgeons have seen a drastic decrease in the variety of procedures and services they are allowed to offer during the COVID-19 pandemic. 7 Survey results showed that of the surgeons who normally offer aesthetic services, up to 8% are continuing to perform some of these procedures, which may be a result of the pandemic-caused financial strain. Multiple national societies released recommendations on the approach to breast cancer and reconstructive surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. 2 Survey results showed that oncologic breast surgery continued during the COVID-19 outbreak, which highlights a need for clear guidelines on breast reconstruction. Plastic surgeons have seen a drastic decrease in the variety of procedures and services they are allowed to offer during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1097/gox.0000000000003119 id = cord-265014-ic5drg5l author = Serebrakian, Arman T. title = Webinar during COVID-19 Improves Knowledge of Changes to the Plastic Surgery Residency Application Process date = 2020-09-29 keywords = plastic; surgery summary = doi = 10.1097/gox.0000000000003247 id = cord-273929-kpcmy9x8 author = Shah, Jatin P. title = The impact of COVID‐19 on Head and Neck surgery, education, and training date = 2020-04-25 keywords = patient; surgery summary = With a fragile future, how do we conduct our day-to-day activities, and plan to retain our robust education and training programs, to educate and train the next generation of head and neck surgeons? 1 The drastic changes that have affected our work and life during the past 2 months have taught us that remote communications, education, teaching, learning and training are possible and have to be incorporated in our current systems. The IFHNOS has taken a lead on developing the first remote learning online fellowship program in head and neck surgery and oncology, which has been in existence for the past 6 years. In head and neck surgery, the stringent follow-up schedule was designed on the basis that nearly 80% of the patients who were to recur, would have recurred in the first 24 months, with a median time to recurrence of 9 months. The impact of COVID-19 on Head and Neck surgery, education, and training doi = 10.1002/hed.26188 id = cord-354593-35qkn381 author = Sii, Samantha Siaw Zhen title = Impact of COVID-19 on cataract surgery- patients’ perceptions while waiting for cataract surgery and their willingness to attend hospital for cataract surgery during the easing of lockdown period date = 2020-10-22 keywords = surgery summary = title: Impact of COVID-19 on cataract surgerypatients'' perceptions while waiting for cataract surgery and their willingness to attend hospital for cataract surgery during the easing of lockdown period During these unprecedented times, it is therefore important to keep patients informed, particularly about the potential risk of contracting COVID-19 infection during restoration of cataract surgery services [7] . The aim of this survey is to determine patients'' perceptions while waiting for cataract surgery during the pandemic and their willingness to have their operation following the easing of lockdown. The survey''s composite outcome measures were patients'' concern regarding cataract surgery delay, their willingness to attend hospital for cataract surgery during easing of the COVID-19 lockdown, and their maximum acceptable waiting time (MAWT) for cataract surgery [8, 9] . Patient and physician perspectives of maximum acceptable waiting times for cataract surgery Which factors influence patients'' maximum acceptable waiting time for cataract surgery? doi = 10.1038/s41433-020-01229-8 id = cord-275272-qdg8sqpy author = Soares-Júnior, José Maria title = Gynecology and women’s health care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Patient safety in surgery and prevention date = 2020-06-16 keywords = COVID-19; patient; surgery summary = In this context, based on a recent publication regarding patient safety in elective surgeries (9) (10) (11) , as well as on the law of access to treatment and laws related to women''s health care (23, 24) , we propose the inclusion of gynecological surgery cases, stratified as follows ( Figure 1 ): Emergency (o1h): Peritonitis by tubo-ovarian and/or pelvic abscess, necrotizing fasciitis in surgeries for pelvic and breast neoplasms; DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e2063 Urgent (o24h): Postoperative infections, acute inflammatory abdomen (adnexal tortoise, myoma tortoise, ovarian cysts), hemorrhagic conditions (ovarian cysts); Elective urgent (o2 weeks): Surgeries for neoplasms of the lower genital tract and breast previously diagnosed by pathological examination; Essential Elective (42 to o3 months): Hysteroscopy for abnormal uterine bleeding (unknowledge causes, suspected malignancy, and menopausal transition), postmenopausal bleeding (suspected malignancy), cervical conization or looped electro excision procedure (to exclude neoplasm in the lower genital tract); Non-essential/elective surgery: Infertility procedures, family planning procedures (bilateral tubal ligation procedure). doi = 10.6061/clinics/2020/e2063 id = cord-321142-807sfjiv author = Sommer, Jordana L. title = Impacts of elective surgical cancellations and postponements in Canada date = 2020-10-21 keywords = cancellation; surgery summary = Multivariable logistic regressions examined associations between past-year non-emergency surgical cancellations/postponements and perceived impacts of waiting for surgery (e.g., worry/stress/anxiety, pain, loss of work, loss of income, deterioration of health, relationships suffered). Multivariable logistic regressions examined associations between past-year nonemergency surgical cancellations/postponements and perceived impacts of waiting for surgery (e.g., worry/ stress/anxiety, pain, loss of work, loss of income, deterioration of health, relationships suffered). Considering the limited research in this area, the current study is an exploratory epidemiological examination of relationships between surgical cancellations and postponements with perceived impacts of waiting for elective surgery (e.g., worry/stress/anxiety, pain, deterioration of health, increased dependence on relatives/friends, and loss of work). To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine patientreported health, social, and functional impacts of waiting for surgery associated with non-emergent surgical cancellations and postponements, using population-based data. doi = 10.1007/s12630-020-01824-z id = cord-315297-o8mwmjql author = Stephens, Elizabeth H. title = COVID-19: Crisis Management in Congenital Heart Surgery date = 2020-04-14 keywords = covid-19; patient; surgery summary = This document is not meant to be a guideline but is designed to provide guidance for decision-making as we face unparalleled challenges related to congenital cardiac surgery care during this pandemic. Many factors pertaining to an individual case must be weighed, including: 1) resource-utilization, such as anticipated ventilator duration, intensive care unit stay, blood product usage, and other supplies that are or may become limited, 2) clinical status of the patient and risk of delaying surgery, 3) risk of exposure for the patient, family, and healthcare staff, and 4) co-morbidities and complexity of the procedure with implications on the usage of hospital resources, 5) in teaching hospitals, training may have to be curtailed and the most experienced surgeons used liberally, and 6) the safety of the patient''s social and clinical situation if surgery is delayed. Institutions may re-deploy members of the congenital cardiac surgery team to other patient-care settings, further depleting resources and also increasing exposure. doi = 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.04.001 id = cord-350377-vq9eblr0 author = Sukumar, Vivek title = Colorectal Services in Covid-19 Times: Minimally Invasive Surgery and Enhanced Recovery, the Need of the Hour date = 2020-10-14 keywords = covid-19; surgery summary = There is a need to incorporate and strictly enforce various strategies such as enhanced recovery programs which have demonstrated to lower recovery time and post-operative complication rates, helping us to optimally utilize the minimum available resources without burdening the already strained health care infrastructure [3] . All patients admitted and undergoing major elective as well as emergency surgeries under the Division of Colorectal and Peritoneal Surface Oncology were included in the study. The European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) guidelines and American College of Surgeons (ACS) have advised to give priority to patient with cancers with the ACS suggesting surgeons to look at the Elective Surgery Acuity Scale (ESAS) from St. Louis University which include most cancers in Tier 3a and calls for non-post-ponement of surgery in these cases [6, 7] . Tackling the reduction in hospital resources towards surgical care, the department managed to operate 90 patients over a 2-month period. doi = 10.1007/s13193-020-01241-0 id = cord-270382-z966wufy author = Sultania, Mahesh title = Oral Cancer Surgery and COVID pandemic – Metronomic Therapy shows a promising role while awaiting surgery date = 2020-05-22 keywords = surgery summary = They suggest neoadjuvant chemotherapy/oral metronomic therapy in locally advanced oral cancers or to defer surgery until progression [4] Dr. Varghese explains about the situation in the state of Kerala in India and the clearance by state government to perform RT PCR for Covid19 among all patients undergoing cancer surgeries, which is yet not a practice in other parts of India [5] . We are facing many challenges like resource constraints, majority of the population being from low socioeconomic status without health insurance, patients present in locally advanced stage and waiting list of surgery is 2 to 3 months with a risk of tumor progression and no COVID testing for surgical patients if not from containment zone. Metronomic therapy is one of the options for patient with locally advanced tumor who have been planned for elective oral cancer surgery which is easily deliverable, minimally toxic, home based and cost effective [6] . doi = 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104814 id = cord-270214-5bjow148 author = Tan, Winson Jianhong title = Safe Colorectal Surgery in the COVID-19 Era – A Singapore Experience date = 2020-04-30 keywords = COVID-19; surgery summary = In this article, we share our colorectal unit''s workflow ( Fig. 1 ) and recommendations (Table 1) for safe practice in the COVID-19 era. Workflow for patients undergoing elective colorectal procedures in the COVID-19 era: Patients who have any travel history within 14 days, or has contact with any member of the public who is positive for COVID-19 or on home quarantine, or has new onset of flu-like symptoms will be advised on postponement of procedure. Unlike MIS, the exposure of the surgeon to smoke inhalation is likely higher in open surgery which raises the possibility of COVID-19 transmission. For COVID-19 cases, surgery is performed in a dedicated negative pressure OR. Secondly, the appropriate PPE in this era needs to be reviewed and perhaps all OR staff should be in N95 respirators for all colorectal procedures until there is more evidence regarding transmission risk during surgery. doi = 10.3393/ac.2020.04.21 id = cord-035258-nff6gfik author = Tanner, Tristan George title = Pulmonary Complications of Cardiac Surgery date = 2020-11-11 keywords = CPB; cardiac; pulmonary; surgery summary = Pulmonary complications are common in patients who undergo cardiac surgery with outcomes such as pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, ventilation longer than 24 h, and pleural effusions necessitating drainage being reportable to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons [1] . Risk factors for postoperative bleeding in cardiac surgery patients include advanced age, low body weight, nonelective surgery, CPB time over 150 min, high complexity of procedure, perioperative use of antiplatelet agents, and use of over 5 bypass grafts [58] . Operative risk factors include low cardiac output syndrome, more than 3 U of packed RBCs (or massive transfusion), isolated valve surgery, and development of postoperative pneumonia [68, 69] . While routine use of the pulmonary artery catheter became less prevalent over the previous decades, it still holds a central role in the postoperative care of cardiac surgery patients. The incidence, risk factors, and outcome of transfusion-related acute lung injury in a cohort of cardiac surgery patients: a prospective nested casecontrol study doi = 10.1007/s00408-020-00405-7 id = cord-293378-bi3lcj09 author = Teven, Chad M. title = Patient Counseling in Plastic Surgery during Coronavirus Disease 2019 date = 2020-05-13 keywords = surgery summary = 1 In response, hospitals have implemented significant changes to normal operating procedures to address anticipated needs of infected patients. It is, therefore, critical that both surgeons and patients understand additional risks present in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. First, there is a lack of evidence demonstrating how infected patients tolerate routine procedures, including physiologic response to surgery and anesthesia. First, there appears to be an increased risk of thromboembolic complications in COVID-19-positive patients. Due to unforeseen issues related to the pandemic, patients may experience atypically long delays to the second procedure. For example, evidence regarding the safety of delaying versus performing nonelective, nonemergent surgery (eg, skin cancer resection) in patients at risk for severe COVID-19 infection (eg, elderly and/or comorbidities) is limited. First, during the informed consent process, in addition to case-specific risks, benefits, and alternatives, implications of surgery during the pandemic must be discussed and documented accordingly. doi = 10.1097/gox.0000000000002924 id = cord-336676-r8x4zhc2 author = Thakkar, M title = Should WALANT surgery be included in the training curriculum? date = 2020-05-26 keywords = surgery summary = Our anaesthetic colleagues are under immense pressure and in some instances have been redeployed to other settings, limiting our ability to operate under general or regional anaesthesia. We propose that training in both wide awake local anaesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) as well as ultrasound guided blocks should be incorporated into plastic surgery training or at the very least in to the hand surgery subspecialty curriculum to help overcome such a problem in the future. We therefore propose that WALANT should be incorporated into plastic surgery training curriculum. We recognise that it might not be an approach favoured by all once the pandemic is over however, increasing the variety of skills taught to future plastic surgeons should be encouraged. Furthermore, the Hand Diploma or subspecialty interest in hand surgery curriculum could include training on regional ultrasound guided blocks. A multicenter prospective study of 3,110 consecutive cases of elective epinephrine use in the fingers and hand: The dalhousie project clinical phase doi = 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.05.072 id = cord-309629-7jtnhn65 author = Thomas, Viju title = International society for gynecologic endoscopy (ISGE) guidelines and recommendations on gynecological endoscopy during the evolutionary phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic date = 2020-08-26 keywords = COVID-19; ISGE; SARS; surgery summary = We recommend, during minimal access surgeries, to use strategies to reduce production of bioaerosols (such as minimal use of energy, experienced surgeon), to reduce leakage of smoke aerosols (for example, minimizing the number of ports used and size of incisions, as well as reducing the operating pressures) and to promote safe elimination of smoke during surgery and during the ports'' closure (such as using gas filters and smoke evacuation systems). We recommend, during minimal access surgeries, to use strategies to reduce production of bioaerosols (such as minimal use of energy, experienced surgeon), to reduce leakage of smoke aerosols (for example, minimizing the number of ports used and size of incisions, as well as reducing the operating pressures) and to promote safe elimination of smoke during surgery and during the ports'' closure (such as using gas filters and smoke evacuation systems). did assess the risk of open and laparoscopic surgery to be the same provided the gas/smoke was evacuated safely and water lock filters were used or if gasless laparoscopy was performed [24] . doi = 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.08.039 id = cord-290771-18dj37dj author = Tzeng, Ching-Wei D. title = Cancer Surgery Scheduling During and After the COVID-19 First Wave: The MD Anderson Cancer Center Experience date = 2020-05-18 keywords = April; cancer; covid-19; patient; surgery summary = CONCLUSIONS: Cancer surgeons should continue to use their oncologic knowledge to determine the window of opportunity for each surgical procedure, based on tumor biology, preoperative treatment sequencing, and response to systemic therapy, to safely guide patients through this cautious recovery phase. Total surgical case volume by week during early COVID-19 response, in which MD Anderson Cancer Center implemented goals to create a ''''moat'''' around hospitalized patients, to reduce workforce and visitor traffic, and to limit ''''elective'''' cases. Because the Department of Surgical Oncology and MD Anderson Cancer Center have traditionally favored neoadjuvant therapy for many solid tumors, we strategically initiated or continued this treatment sequencing when possible to postpone surgery to beyond the late April peak of COVID-19 incidence in the Houston area. doi = 10.1097/sla.0000000000004092 id = cord-298082-zzztzi8i author = Vannini, Francesca title = Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: should we delay cartilage regenerative procedures and accept the consequences, or can we find a new normality? date = 2020-08-07 keywords = surgery summary = In a large orthopaedic facility, such as the Rizzoli Institute, with an emergency department, the maintenance of a specific pathway is mandatory to treat potentially infected patients: trauma patients for whom surgery is mandatory, who are isolated until the swab, executed at the time of the admission, whose results are negative. Cartilage regenerative procedures and even orthobiologics were among the suspended procedures; still, a delay in treatment of arthritis-promoting lesions could result in an increased number of patients who will need joint replacement in the future, with potential long-term influence on quality of life [2] . To effectively and safely return to cartilage repair surgery, the entire course of treatment should be structured to either avoid risk of infection or make it of the lowest possible impact for the hospital itself, in order to make it feasible. Patients scheduled for a cartilage procedure should visit the outpatient clinic and undergo a nasopharyngeal swab 48 hours before hospitalization [3] . doi = 10.1007/s00264-020-04741-4 id = cord-303054-s1clwunc author = Velly, Lionel title = Guidelines: Anaesthesia in the context of COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-06-05 keywords = COVID-19; N95; SARS; infection; patient; risk; surgery summary = Operating theatre 12 R1.3.1 -Experts suggest that healthcare professionals involved in airway management (intubation, extubation, supraglottic airway insertion and/or removal…), or those who could be brought to do so in some given situations, wear a fit tested respirator mask (Respirator N95 or FFP2 standard, or equivalent) in addition to a disposable face shield or at least, in the absence of the latter, safety goggles, regardless of the patient''s COVID-19 status (Table 1) The presence of major (i.e., very frequent or relatively characteristic) and/or minor (i.e. more inconsistent and/or less specific) symptoms allows to orient the preoperative COVID-19 status assessment, and then to estimate the benefit/risk balance of maintaining or postponing the surgery, taking into account the risk of contamination of health personnel and others patients within the care structure. doi = 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.05.012 id = cord-349740-xed4aybr author = Wang, Yulong title = Recommendations of protective measures for orthopedic surgeons during COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-06-10 keywords = COVID-19; PPE; patient; surgery summary = The appropriate protective measures for orthopedic surgeons and patients were reviewed (on-site first aid, emergency room, operating room, isolation wards, general ward, etc.) during the entire diagnosis and treatment process of traumatic patients. To avoid occupational transmission of COVID-19 to medical staff, appropriate protective measures taken by orthopedic surgeons during pandemic in different sites from pre-hospital, emergency diagnosis and treatment, emergency surgery, anesthesia, and perioperative management are of great importance. Lessons learnt from our experience provide some recommendations of protective measures during the entire diagnosis and treatment process of traumatic patients and help others to manage orthopedic patients with COVID-19, to reduce the risk of cross-infection between patients and to protect healthcare workers during work. Lessons learnt from our experience provide some recommendations of protective measures during the entire diagnosis and treatment process of traumatic patients and help others to manage orthopedic patients with COVID-19, to reduce the risk of cross-infection between patients and to protect healthcare workers during work. doi = 10.1007/s00167-020-06092-4 id = cord-028285-n4dommet author = Weilongorska, Natasha L. title = COVID-19: What are the challenges for NHS surgery? date = 2020-07-02 keywords = COVID-19; NHS; PPE; patient; surgery; surgical summary = With there being a short interval from the time of the first COVID-19 case presentation, to the development of a global pandemic, validated management algorithms to support changes in operative strategies are lacking. The key components of NHS preoperative patient screening for COVID-19 are: structured questionnaires with temperature monitoring, viral real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) for SARS-CoV-2, and chest imaging. Full PPE (fluid resistant gown, double gloving, visor or goggles, fit-tested FFP3 mask or respirator, disposable hat, shoe covers) should be worn in the operating rooms for any suspected or positive COVID-19 case, for AGP 38 (Table 3) , and for procedures for which the risk is unknown. All surgical cases require a discussion about the patient''s COVID-19 status, the degree of aerosol risk for each part of the procedure (induction of anaesthesia, extubation, and for all operative phases), with PPE requirement stated for each stage. doi = 10.1016/j.cpsurg.2020.100856 id = cord-297362-mhtvrn0c author = Wu, Xian-rui title = Practice Patterns of Colorectal Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-11-05 keywords = covid-19; surgery summary = L., R.P.K.) mainly consisted of 4 domains: surgeon''s expertise and setting, practice patterns of colorectal surgery, factors associated with decision making for colorectal surgery, and safety and protection concerns of patients and health care providers. Colorectal cancer was the main indication for elective or emergent colorectal surgery during the pandemic as reported by 237 (65.3%) surgeons. 10 Consistent with this reality, this study showed that the percentage of surgeons who operated on at least 7 cases per week previous to the pandemic dropped significantly after the COVID-19 pandemic began, with emergent colorectal surgeries being less likely to be affected than elective cases. 11 This fact was reflected by the results of our survey which demonstrated that most surgeons reported colorectal cancer as the main indication for colorectal surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, a high percentage of participating surgeons felt that more patients could safely have had elective surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001840 id = cord-321633-qr2w7azj author = Yadav, Sanjay Kumar title = Rapid Scoping Review of Laparoscopic Surgery Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Appraisal Using a Simple Quality Appraisal Tool “EMERGE” date = 2020-09-17 keywords = COVID-19; evidence; guideline; surgery summary = title: Rapid Scoping Review of Laparoscopic Surgery Guidelines During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Appraisal Using a Simple Quality Appraisal Tool "EMERGE" Given the importance of this subject, we recognized an overt need to evaluate these guidelines in the form of a rapid scoping review and to construct a simple quality appraisal tool which gives due weightage to their impact on surgical services from the global south and can be used to evaluate rapidly emerging guidelines. This rapid scoping review of rapidly emerging laparoscopic surgery guidelines during COVID-19 found two major research gaps: lack of systematic review of the evidence (due to the urgency of situation and fear for the safety of HCPs) during their development and insufficient weightage of their impact on surgical services from the global south. EMERGE'': Construction of a simple quality appraisal tool for rapid review of laparoscopic surgery guidelines during COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1007/s12262-020-02596-y id = cord-005816-i54q5gsu author = nan title = 10(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery: May 13–17, 2009 Antalya, Turkey date = 2009-08-06 keywords = Department; GCS; Hospital; ICU; ISS; Istanbul; January; Turkey; University; abdominal; case; conclusion; day; fracture; group; injury; introduction; method; mortality; patient; result; score; study; surgery; trauma; treatment; year summary = Several factors such as the initial lack of symptoms, a low diagnostic sensitivity of the CT (34% false negatives), and the nonoperative management of solid organ injuries, have contributed to a delayed diagnosis in one of every five patients in our series, but this has not led to a significant increase in septic complications in this group. Method: The demographic features, the treatments, the intensity of the illness and mortality rate of the 155 patients in Afyon Kocatepe University General Surgery clinic between the years 2006 Background: Enterocutaneous fistula continues to be a serious surgical problem. Introduction: In our previous study, we examined the treatment results of burn patients older than 45 years, and found a significant increase in mortality with increasing age groups. Methods: Data on emergency surgical cases and admissions to the surgical service over a 3-month period were collected and analyzed; this included patient demographics, referral sources, diagnosis, operation, and length of stay (LOS Conclusion: Emergency workload represents a significant part of the work for the general surgeons. doi = 10.1007/s00068-009-8001-z id = cord-005881-oswgjaxz author = nan title = Abstracts: 11(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery May 15–18, 2010 Brussels, Belgium date = 2010 keywords = Hospital; ICU; ISS; case; complication; conclusion; follow; fracture; group; high; injury; introduction; material; mean; method; patient; result; score; screw; significant; study; surgery; trauma; treatment; year summary = Prospective case series with historical control group.(Level III) Results: Preliminary data indicate: *a shorter time on ventilator than anticipated (based on comparisson to historical data) * a shorter time on ICU * less pneumoniae * no intra-operative complications * good healing results of the rib fractures * no implant failures * acceptable pain scores * good overal satisfaction * acceptable cosmetic results Conclusion: Internal fixation of rib fractures (flair chest or multiple sequential fractures with pulmonary function compromise) results in a earlier recuperation of pulmonary function with shortened ICU stay. (Regional Association Sanitary Emergencies) Material and Methods: The ARES, whose members are about 600, all over the nation, is configured as an extraordinary health resource, activated by the National Civil Defence operations centre, in according with the Regional centre of Marche, in disater situations Results: The main objectives of ARES are training and organization of medical staff and structures and its growth crosses several missions including: AE Earthquake in Molise, 2002 Introduction: Cephalomedullary nails rely on a large lag screw that provides fixation into the femoral head. doi = 10.1007/s00068-010-8888-z id = cord-006563-qmigctkp author = nan title = The abstracts of the 26th congress of ESCTAIC, Timisoara, Romania, September 22–24 2016 date = 2017-03-07 keywords = Sipnose; block; pain; patient; postoperative; study; surgery; surgical summary = This is the reason why in the last decades a lot of clinical studies have been performed with the aim of reducing the magnitude of the postoperative pain, all of them directed to those factors which might influence the pain after surgery, such as: presence of preoperative chronic pain, anesthesia technique, or the need for an acute pain service. The list of proposals to be taken into consideration includes: a careful psychological evaluation and preparation of the surgical patient, a good preoperative sedation and even the use of antidepressants before surgery in specific cases. Regional anesthesia and ambulatory surgery: the role of continuous infusion devices in postoperative pain management in pediatrics Ralph J Beltran Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children''s Hospital, Columbus, Columbus, OH, USA Continuous infusions of local anesthetic delivered via peripheral nerve block catheters (PNB) for postoperative pain management in adult patients has become more prevalent. doi = 10.1007/s10877-017-9991-4 id = cord-006849-vgjz74ts author = nan title = 27th International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) Sevilla, Spain, 12–15 June 2019 date = 2019-09-13 keywords = BMI; December; ERCP; Endosc; GERD; Hospital; ICG; January; Japan; MRI; Medical; Nissen; November; TME; University; aim; approach; cancer; case; complication; conclusion; day; gastric; group; hernia; laparoscopic; method; patient; perform; postoperative; procedure; resection; result; robotic; roux; study; surgery; surgical; time; treatment; year summary = Methods: We are performing this procedures within a prospective randomized trial that is design to compare the long term results of LRYGB-B versus the standard laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The video shows our technique in a case of a 46 years old female with a BMI of 46 Kg/m2. Material and methods: We present a video of the surgical intervention of a 32-year-old patient, with functional dyspepsia, with a casual diagnosis of a pseudocystic mass of the right colon after performing a CT scan: giant diverticulum of the hepatic colon angle with fecaloid content inside it under tension The patient goes to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain, pending colonoscopy, antibiotic treatment is established, and a laparoscopic approach is decided upon after the patient''s evolution. Method: We present the case of a 65-year-old patient with surgical antecedent of laparoscopic low anterior resection due to rectal cancer, presenting in postoperative period an anastomosis leakage with severe peritonitis was identified and a laparotomy with end colostomy was performed. doi = 10.1007/s00464-019-07109-x id = cord-006854-o2e5na78 author = nan title = Scientific Session of the 16th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery, Jointly Hosted by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) & Canadian Association of General Surgeons (CAGS), Seattle, Washington, USA, 11–14 April 2018: Poster Abstracts date = 2018-04-20 keywords = BMI; CBD; Center; ERCP; FLS; GERD; Hospital; ICG; January; LOS; LSG; Medical; RYGB; SILS; University; case; complication; conclusion; follow; gastric; group; hernia; introduction; laparoscopic; method; operative; outcome; patient; postoperative; procedure; rate; report; result; robotic; roux; study; surgeon; surgery; surgical; time summary = Totally Laparoscopic ALPPS Combined with the Microwave Ablation for a Patient with a Huge HCC Hua Zhang; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Introduction: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel technique for resecting hepatic tumors that were previously considered unresectable due to the insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) which may result in postoperative liver failure (PLF). Not only does this case show that a large epiphrenic diverticulm can be successfully resected via the trans-abdominal laparoscopic approach, this case makes the argument that patients undergoing any minimally-invasive epiphrenic diverticulectomy and myotomy, with or without fundoplication, may be successfully managed with early post-operative contrast studies and dietary advancement, thus decreasing their length of hospitalization and overall cost of treatment. Introduction: There are reports of increased operative duration, blood loss and postoperative morbidity, caused by difficulties in obtaining good visualization and in controlling bleeding when laparoscopic resection is performed in obese patients with colon cancer. doi = 10.1007/s00464-018-6121-4 id = cord-010980-sizuef1v author = nan title = ECTES Abstracts 2020 date = 2020-05-11 keywords = AIS; Department; Emergency; Fig; GCS; Hospital; ICU; ISS; January; Japan; MCI; Progressions; REBOA; TBI; Trauma; University; case; clinical; conclusion; fracture; group; injury; introduction; material; method; mortality; patient; result; retrospective; score; study; surgery; treatment; year summary = We hypothesized that presentation to a PTC would yield increased mortality when subspecialty intervention was required and that this would be most pronounced at night when in-house attending coverage is absent at all state PTCs. Materials and methods: A review of the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) database was performed to capture patients aged 12-18 who underwent any non-orthopedic trauma surgery. Traumatic subaxial cervical fractures: functional prognostic factors and survival analysis Introduction: The main goal of this study is to identify the risk factors for poor functional outcomes and to analyze the overall survival (OS) and complications rate in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and subaxial cervical fracture (SACF) treated with open surgical fixation. After applying a multiple imputation on all the study variables, a logistic regression generalized estimating equation after adjustment for age, sex, mechanism of trauma, and the injury severity score as covariates and hospitals as a cluster assessed an association between quartile of patient volume in intensive care unit and hospital mortality. doi = 10.1007/s00068-020-01343-y id = cord-015368-a0qz4tb9 author = nan title = 48th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery, Graz, June 7–9, 2007 date = 2007 keywords = Austria; Background; Department; III; case; complication; conclusion; dna; follow; group; high; mean; method; month; operation; patient; postoperative; procedure; rate; result; study; surgery; surgical; treatment; year summary = Surgical treatment and evaluation, complications, short and long term patency of our patients were compared to interventional techniques and international literature. The aim of the study was to investigate: i) relevant and combined determinants of the development, management and outcome of a representative patient cohort (n ¼ 9.991) with acute appendicitis enrolled in a prospective unicenter study through a time period of 27 years (middle Europe), and ii) the frequency and impact of specific categories (e.g., characteristics of the medical history, clinical and intraoperative findings, complications), correlation and relative risk factors of the disease and its prognosis. From 01=1997 until 12=2006 198 TEM procedures were performed in 194 patients, 104 males, 90 females, mean age was 68.9 years (38-91), the median hospital stay was 8 days . No conversion to open technique had to be performed, no postoperative surgical complications were observed, one patient died 4 weeks postoperative due to liver failure following esophageal varices bleeding. doi = 10.1007/s10353-007-0330-8 id = cord-015369-72cjogxz author = nan title = 50th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery. Vienna, June 18–20, 2009. Guest Editors: Albert Tuchmann, Erhard Schwanzer, Benedikt Walzel date = 2009 keywords = Abteilung; BMI; Background; Behandlung; CLE; Chemotherapie; Ergebnisse; Fällen; GERD; Grundlagen; Gruppe; Jahren; Komplikationen; Operation; PGD; Patienten; Rahmen; Studie; Therapie; V.A.C.; auf; bei; case; conclusion; day; der; des; die; eine; follow; ist; method; mit; nach; patient; result; sich; surgery; treatment; tumor; von; werden; wurde; year summary = Bei 2 Patienten wurde wegen eines Rezidivs eine neuerliche RFT mit liver packing notwendig, 5 Patienten wurden ohne Packing ein zweites mal abladiert und ein Patient unterzog sich einer linksseitigen Hemihepatektomie nach rechtsseitiger Ablation. Das laparoskopische Liver Packing ermöglicht eine ablative Therapie der Leber in Patienten, die mit den herkömmlichen Möglichkeiten nicht lokal therapierbar sind. Zusammenfassend lässt sich anhand der hier vorliegenden Studie zeigen, dass die Therapie von VSM mittels ELT mit 1470-nm-Diodenlaser und Radialfaser eine sowohl minimalinvasive als auch sichere und effiziente Therapieoption darstellt und eine hohe frühzeitige Erfolgsrate bei niedrigem Schmerzniveau aufweist.In weiteren Studien muss geprueft werden, ob aehnlich gute Resultate auch bei weiterer Absenkung des Energienivaus zu erreichen sind. Patients who underwent R0 resection for colon and rectal cancer during the period 1995-2000 showed a significantly improved 5-year survival rate compared to those operated on between 1991 and 1995. doi = 10.1007/s10353-009-0461-1 id = cord-015370-4jfgsic7 author = nan title = 55th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery: Graz, June 25—27, 2014 date = 2014-06-03 keywords = Abteilung; BMI; Behandlung; Chirurgie; Ergebnisse; Fällen; Grundlagen; Gruppe; Jahre; Komplikationen; Operation; Patienten; SIL; TAPP; TAVI; Technik; Therapie; Verlauf; background; bei; conclusion; der; des; die; eine; laparoscopic; method; mit; nach; patient; result; surgery; und; von; werden; Österreich summary = Obwohl die fehlerhafte Aufklärung durch Ärzte unter Juristen schon länger ein "Renner" ist, hat sich in der Praxis häufig noch nicht herumgesprochen, wie und vor allem wann der Patient vor einem chirurgischen Eingriff aufgeklärt werden muss. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of single and combined baseline concentrations of b vitamins on postoperative survival of vascular surgery patients over a time of 8.5 years in a region without folate fortification. Laparoscopic resection of 2 gastric duplication cysts in a pediatric patient: report of a case Ergebnisse: Mit Ausnahme von 6 der Mädchen mit 32 funktionellen Zysten, die konservativ behandelt wurden, wurden alle anderen Tumoren nach Durchführung einer Schnellschnittuntersuchung reseziert, bei 2 Mädchen mit malignen Tumoren war nur ein Tumordebulking möglich. Methods: Twenty-two patients, who underwent endoscopic band removal between June 2002 and December 2013, were ret-und in manchen Fällen ist die Amputation der einzige Ausweg, wenn auch diese sorgfältig gegen Risiko und Nutzen einer komplexen Rekonstruktion abgewogen werden muss, um im Endeffekt dem Patienten ein paar Jahre mit hoher Lebensqualität zu ermöglichen. doi = 10.1007/s10353-014-0261-0 id = cord-274782-yymo9i6r author = Şahbat, Yavuz title = Management of orthopedic oncology patients during coronavirus pandemic date = 2020-07-02 keywords = patient; surgery summary = At first glance, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and orthopedics may seem to be unrelated disciplines, but the provision of healthcare services to patients who require them proves that these two fields are parts of the same whole. The main purpose of this article is to discuss how orthopedic oncology clinics should be organized during the pandemic and to present the process management scheme for patients requiring orthopedic surgery, including trauma surgery, from diagnosis to treatment, together with our experiences. The main purpose of this article is to discuss how orthopedic oncology clinics should be organized during the pandemic and to present the process management scheme for patients requiring orthopedic surgery, including trauma surgery, from diagnosis to treatment, together with our experiences. We obtained data from the hospital information system regarding all oncologic orthopedics and trauma surgery patients operated on and followed between 11 March 2020, the date of the first confirmed case of coronavirus in Turkey, and 11 May 2020. doi = 10.1002/jso.26092