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R. title: The Causal Closure of Physics in Real World Contexts date: 2020-08-18 journal: Found Phys DOI: 10.1007/s10701-020-00366-0 sha: doc_id: 349831 cord_uid: 0u9y35qo file: cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.json key: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 authors: nan title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 journal: Studies in Natural Products Chemistry DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80101-2 sha: doc_id: 356062 cord_uid: 7q5n4t97 file: cache/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.json key: cord-356353-e6jb0sex authors: Fourcade, Marion; Johns, Fleur title: Loops, ladders and links: the recursivity of social and machine learning date: 2020-08-26 journal: Theory Soc DOI: 10.1007/s11186-020-09409-x sha: doc_id: 356353 cord_uid: e6jb0sex file: cache/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.json key: cord-336599-r8xgnz87 authors: Yaacoub, Jean-Paul A.; Salman, Ola; Noura, Hassan N.; Kaaniche, Nesrine; Chehab, Ali; Malli, Mohamad title: Cyber-Physical Systems Security: Limitations, Issues and Future Trends date: 2020-07-08 journal: Microprocess Microsyst DOI: 10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103201 sha: doc_id: 336599 cord_uid: r8xgnz87 file: cache/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.json key: cord-324944-ixh3ykrc authors: Mitsakakis, Konstantinos; D'Acremont, Valérie; Hin, Sebastian; von Stetten, Felix; Zengerle, Roland title: Diagnostic tools for tackling febrile illness and enhancing patient management date: 2018-12-05 journal: Microelectron Eng DOI: 10.1016/j.mee.2018.10.001 sha: doc_id: 324944 cord_uid: ixh3ykrc file: cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.json key: cord-353787-24c98ug8 authors: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 journal: Parasite Immunol DOI: 10.1111/pim.12180 sha: doc_id: 353787 cord_uid: 24c98ug8 file: cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.json key: cord-010119-t1x9gknd authors: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 journal: Transfusion DOI: 10.1111/trf.14286 sha: doc_id: 10119 cord_uid: t1x9gknd Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named keyword-system-cord parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 57995 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 57024 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 56950 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 57678 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 56921 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 92. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58112 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 57806 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 92. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 92. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 91. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58413 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 90. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 91. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 91. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 90. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 89. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 90. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 89. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 88. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 92. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 92. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 87. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 88. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 89. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 88. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 91. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 90. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58592 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 91. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58510 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 86. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 87. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 90. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 86. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 87. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 85. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 86. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58186 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 84. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58602 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 89. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 85. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 89. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58436 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 88. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 85. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 83. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 88. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 84. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 87. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 83. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 87. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 84. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 86. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 61489 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012370-omz7kibf author: Dixit, Shivani title: Forensic genetic analysis of population of Madhya Pradesh with PowerPlex Fusion 6C(™) Multiplex System date: 2019-02-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt' parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 83. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 92. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 86. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 82. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 60384 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 60980 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 61133 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62057 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62368 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 82. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 85. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62098 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58657 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63070 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63385 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 58291 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 59320 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 59445 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62441 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62256 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62992 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 60872 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62377 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63193 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63337 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 57163 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 61345 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62906 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 81. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62259 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 91. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62498 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62697 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63031 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63056 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63155 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63191 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63223 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63285 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63292 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63404 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63449 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63984 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 64002 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 64071 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 62043 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63447 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 63943 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 64038 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 64043 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-002474-2l31d7ew author: Lv, Yang title: Actual measurement, hygrothermal response experiment and growth prediction analysis of microbial contamination of central air conditioning system in Dalian, China date: 2017-04-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt cache: ./cache/cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt' /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017621-pyn1enz2 author: Zaras, Nikolaos V. title: Case Study – Greece date: 2012-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt' /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === id: cord-024343-mrri46oh author: Buldakov, Nikolay title: An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management date: 2020-05-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005191-a70eedna author: Cohen, Irun R. title: Informational Landscapes in Art, Science, and Evolution date: 2006-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005191-a70eedna.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005191-a70eedna.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-005191-a70eedna.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-020130-g9p5lgmn author: Ratshidi, Lilies title: Categorization of Factors Influencing Community Health Workers from a Socio-Technical Systems Perspective date: 2020-03-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027721-hpzs6fvf author: Mcheick, Hamid title: Context-Aware Healthcare Adaptation Model for COPD Diseases date: 2020-05-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027118-2xm8nkmi author: Sevastianov, Leonid A. title: An Effective Stable Numerical Method for Integrating Highly Oscillating Functions with a Linear Phase date: 2020-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-120017-vsoc9v85 author: Jiang, Helen title: Usable Security for ML Systems in Mental Health: A Framework date: 2020-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt cache: ./cache/cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016192-xc4ae7c1 author: Fernando, Owen Noel Newton title: Mo-Buzz: Socially-Mediated Collaborative Platform for Ubiquitous Location Based Service date: 2013 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-195224-7zfq0kxm author: Menda, Kunal title: Scalable Identification of Partially Observed Systems with Certainty-Equivalent EM date: 2020-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013377-d4tbf05a author: Ungurean, Ioan title: A Software Architecture for the Industrial Internet of Things—A Conceptual Model date: 2020-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011871-hlykwius author: Himmler, Sebastian title: Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases date: 2020-03-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011871-hlykwius.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011871-hlykwius.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-011871-hlykwius.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016564-od9mf2f2 author: Capodaglio, Andrea G. title: Online Monitoring Technologies For Drinking Water Systems Security date: 2009 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-296253-bxyzhsfs author: Elham, Elzat title: Anatomic evidence shows that lymphatic drainage exists in the pituitary to loop the cerebral lymphatic circulation date: 2020-05-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 64986 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-018723-qd9ps3zb author: Kizza, Joseph Migga title: Introduction to Computer Network Vulnerabilities date: 2017-02-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284934-mkxfa2nr author: Davis, Mark M title: Systems immunology date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-134378-p83nhiz9 author: Setlur, Vidya title: Sentifiers: Interpreting Vague Intent Modifiers in Visual Analysis using Word Co-occurrence and Sentiment Analysis date: 2020-09-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69701 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69741 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69045 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 71601 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 68546 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 71299 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69143 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69285 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 67802 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 72317 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 74642 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 73243 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-298064-itxuyetu author: Tang, Rong title: The state of practice of COVID‐19 tracking systems: An inventory study date: 2020-10-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-290856-6de0mwg0 author: Abbo, Aharon (Ronnie) title: Technological Developments and Strategic Management for Overcoming the COVID-19 Challenge within the Hospital Setting in Israel date: 2020-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010406-uwt95kk8 author: Hu, Paul Jen-Hwa title: System for Infectious Disease Information Sharing and Analysis: Design and Evaluation date: 2007-07-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005078-gr2vioor author: Fedorowicz, Jane title: Reinvention of interorganizational systems: A case analysis of the diffusion of a bio-terror surveillance system date: 2009-04-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-325110-cfo5f99l author: Mirchi, Nykan title: Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Re-Envisioning Surgical Education in Response to COVID-19 date: 2020-09-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300467-zht8olyh author: Nkengasong, John N. title: Laboratory Systems and Services Are Critical in Global Health: Time to End the Neglect? date: 2010-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310288-onr700ue author: Sciubba, Daniel M. title: Scoring system to triage patients for spine surgery in the setting of limited resources: Application to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond date: 2020-05-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310288-onr700ue.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310288-onr700ue.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310288-onr700ue.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310872-2z1wnj63 author: Spellberg, Brad title: Alignment With Market Forces: The “Re-Whithering” of Infectious Diseases date: 2020-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264974-hspek930 author: Timmis, Kenneth title: The COVID‐19 pandemic: some lessons learned about crisis preparedness and management, and the need for international benchmarking to reduce deficits date: 2020-05-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264974-hspek930.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264974-hspek930.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-264974-hspek930.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267978-05hxrpi1 author: Nuzzo, Jennifer B. title: What makes health systems resilient against infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards? Results from a scoping review date: 2019-10-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-263450-v6vdg8os author: Shegogue, Daniel title: Object-oriented biological system integration: a SARS coronavirus example date: 2005-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt cache: ./cache/cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-294784-r84td2i0 author: Meessen, Bruno title: Health system governance: welcoming the reboot date: 2020-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302879-ao0n3x9b author: Vanhee, T. title: Child behaviour during dental care under nitrous oxide sedation: a cohort study using two different gas distribution systems date: 2020-10-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-291786-66c8xta0 author: He, Shaobo title: SEIR modeling of the COVID-19 and its dynamics date: 2020-06-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-027885-ua8miwes author: Das, Sujata title: Impact of Human Microbiome on Health date: 2020-03-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt cache: ./cache/cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-290448-oeeg754b author: Shah, Darshil title: Improvising the surgical helmet system for aerosol-generating procedures in the OR: Surgeon designed 3D printed mould for augmented filtration system date: 2020-09-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330503-w1m1ci4i author: Yamin, Mohammad title: IT applications in healthcare management: a survey date: 2018-05-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-290139-b02eghd4 author: Yen, Tseng-Chang title: Reliability-based measure of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns under the F-Policy date: 2020-10-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318119-h0vnfcuq author: Lee, S. H. title: Site verification and modeling of desiccant-based system as an alternative to conventional air-conditioning systems for wet markets date: 2013-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287765-nsdequl9 author: Taiwo, Olutosin title: Smart healthcare support for remote patient monitoring during covid-19 quarantine date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330560-amqs5lb6 author: Rana, Sourav title: Paradox of enrichment: A fractional differential approach with memory date: 2013-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304070-jw1lxwyd author: Lapinsky, Stephen E title: Prospective evaluation of an internet-linked handheld computer critical care knowledge access system date: 2004-10-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314779-f5nvspcg author: Roth, Steffen title: East of nature. Accounting for the environments of social sciences date: 2020-06-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-326220-uosjmht0 author: Gaskell, Jen title: Covid‐19 and the Blunders of our Governments: Long‐run System Failings Aggravated by Political Choices date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-311651-v2ff33jd author: Long, Nathaniel title: Contributions of Health Professions Students to Health System Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Strategies and Process for U.S. Medical Schools date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321346-epsp3bbm author: Luppa, Peter B. title: Point-of-care testing (POCT): Current techniques and future perspectives date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-292623-mxdlii77 author: Arji, Goli title: Fuzzy logic approach for infectious disease diagnosis: A methodical evaluation, literature and classification date: 2019-09-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294877-bbs8a8jz author: Liu, ChuanPeng title: A glimpse of enzymology within the idea of systems date: 2012-09-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276218-dcg9oq6y author: Kim, Jihoon title: Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine date: 2020-07-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286858-zbhtl2yn author: Mishra, B. title: tamasomā jyotirgamaya: Seeking the Self Amidst Covids’ Cytokine Cyclones date: 2020-10-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324507-w32pe2pz author: Dubé, Mirette title: COVID-19 pandemic preparation: using simulation for systems-based learning to prepare the largest healthcare workforce and system in Canada date: 2020-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264749-m1awr1rm author: Saad, Julian M. title: A philosophy of health: life as reality, health as a universal value date: 2020-03-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-318509-zwb758cg author: Nenonen, Suvi title: Don't adapt, shape! Use the crisis to shape your minimum viable system – And the wider market date: 2020-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005350-19za0msu author: O’Regan, Suzanne M. title: Theory of early warning signals of disease emergenceand leading indicators of elimination date: 2013-05-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005350-19za0msu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005350-19za0msu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-005350-19za0msu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-325445-80p6wthw author: Goh, Ong Sing title: Query Based Intelligent Web Interaction with Real World Knowledge date: 2008-03-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-311558-1y6z8qso author: Henry, Caitlin title: Palliative Space-Time: Expanding and Contracting Geographies of US Health Care date: 2020-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt cache: ./cache/cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-212813-yrca1hij author: Winkelmann, Ricarda title: Social tipping processes for sustainability: An analytical framework date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt cache: ./cache/cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323251-yd29gk7q author: Li, Kin Fun title: Smart home technology for telemedicine and emergency management date: 2012-05-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010681-tmpxs9og author: Dondapati, Srujan Kumar title: Cell-Free Protein Synthesis: A Promising Option for Future Drug Development date: 2020-03-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323703-fsj736dg author: Patterson, Grace T. title: Moving health to the heart of agri-food policies; mitigating risk from our food systems date: 2020-08-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-280459-y0tbvs3t author: Ramvikas, M. title: Nasal Vaccine Delivery date: 2016-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337275-phgfpzbt author: Andrew, Jones title: Is Spread of COVID-19 a Chaotic Epidemic? date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-296129-rkadl46r author: MacFall, Janet title: Toward resilient food systems through increased agricultural diversity and local sourcing in the Carolinas date: 2015-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332583-5enha3g9 author: Bodine, Erin N. title: Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation in Mathematics and Biology Education date: 2020-07-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353241-ityhcak7 author: Zhu, Hanliang title: IoT PCR for pandemic disease detection and its spread monitoring date: 2020-01-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt' === file2bib.sh === /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: fork: retry: No child processes id: cord-292024-ae7rauc6 author: Fulop, T. title: Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338512-vz0jos3f author: Katz, Rebecca title: Redefining syndromic surveillance date: 2011-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262719-onjxtixk author: Williams, Richard A. title: User Experiences using FLAME: A Case Study Modelling Conflict in Large Enterprise System Implementations date: 2020-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335166-60lfjfvs author: Hanney, Stephen R. title: How to strengthen a health research system: WHO’s review, whose literature and who is providing leadership? date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257633-wrem38ex author: Chamola, Vinay title: A Comprehensive Review of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attacks and Neutralization Techniques date: 2020-10-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-299884-wp4ehemj author: Chen, Ray Zhuangrui title: Integrated wetlands for food production date: 2016-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-347241-9jn5agir author: Shahzad, Arfan title: Effects of COVID-19 in E-learning on higher education institution students: the group comparison between male and female date: 2020-08-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt cache: ./cache/cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304013-nzigx0k0 author: Lipinski, Tom title: Review of ventilation strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission in high occupancy buildings date: 2020-09-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-322511-hnvqvajx author: Speerin, Robyn title: Implementing models of care for musculoskeletal conditions in health systems to support value-based care date: 2020-07-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-030026-4jew57ce author: Vasala, Antti title: Modern Tools for Rapid Diagnostics of Antimicrobial Resistance date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt cache: ./cache/cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-347566-8x4vwarn author: Klerkx, Laurens title: Supporting food systems transformation: The what, why, who, where and how of mission-oriented agricultural innovation systems date: 2020-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017543-60q9iecq author: Tian, Wei-Chang title: Microfluidic Applications in Biodefense date: 2008-08-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author: nan title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt cache: ./cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004995-5jmjejbp author: Hunt, Hamish C. title: Optofluidic integration for microanalysis date: 2007-09-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346920-3wvo7fs3 author: Bajželj, Bojana title: The role of reducing food waste for resilient food systems date: 2020-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301117-egd1gxby author: Barh, Debmalya title: In Silico Models: From Simple Networks to Complex Diseases date: 2013-11-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355130-a2jc1g0i author: Shrivastava, Paul title: Transforming Sustainability Science to Generate Positive Social and Environmental Change Globally date: 2020-04-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354941-0ocsf255 author: Amorin‐Woods, Deisy title: Family Therapy and COVID‐19: International Reflections during the Pandemic from Systemic Therapists across the Globe date: 2020-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353787-24c98ug8 author: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323973-wszo9s3d author: Zhu, Hanliang title: The vision of point-of-care PCR tests for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond date: 2020-07-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-356353-e6jb0sex author: Fourcade, Marion title: Loops, ladders and links: the recursivity of social and machine learning date: 2020-08-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt cache: ./cache/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-032561-x3qbqy69 author: Liu, Gengqi title: Stimulus-Responsive Nanomedicines for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment date: 2020-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt cache: ./cache/cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349831-0u9y35qo author: Ellis, George F. R. title: The Causal Closure of Physics in Real World Contexts date: 2020-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337218-risqto89 author: Chu, Ellen W. title: Environmental Impact, Concept and Measurement of date: 2013-02-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337218-risqto89.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337218-risqto89.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-337218-risqto89.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340497-8l3gw6sk author: Avgoustaki, Dafni Despoina title: How energy innovation in indoor vertical farming can improve food security, sustainability, and food safety? date: 2020-09-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333599-hl11ln2r author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: Planning and Managing Health Systems date: 2014-10-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324944-ixh3ykrc author: Mitsakakis, Konstantinos title: Diagnostic tools for tackling febrile illness and enhancing patient management date: 2018-12-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-289775-40bi87iz author: Haines, David E. title: Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on Electrophysiology Laboratory Standards: Process, Protocols, Equipment, Personnel, and Safety date: 2014-05-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336599-r8xgnz87 author: Yaacoub, Jean-Paul A. title: Cyber-Physical Systems Security: Limitations, Issues and Future Trends date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 author: Gupta, Abhishek title: The State of AI Ethics Report (June 2020) date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-024088-020rgz5t author: Radandt, Siegfried title: Governance of Occupational Safety and Health and Environmental Risks date: 2008 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-033137-xezwbs4f author: Fan, Jingfang title: Statistical physics approaches to the complex Earth system date: 2020-10-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt cache: ./cache/cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-133273-kvyzuayp author: Christ, Andreas title: Artificial Intelligence: Research Impact on Key Industries; the Upper-Rhine Artificial Intelligence Symposium (UR-AI 2020) date: 2020-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023913-pnjhi8cu author: Foreman, Stephen title: Broader Considerations of Medical and Dental Data Integration date: 2011-10-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004584-bcw90f5b author: nan title: Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary date: 2011-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 26 resourceName b'cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-008777-i2reanan author: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt cache: ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 19 resourceName b'cord-008777-i2reanan.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt' Que is empty; done keyword-system-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016564-od9mf2f2 author = Capodaglio, Andrea G. title = Online Monitoring Technologies For Drinking Water Systems Security date = 2009 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6409 sentences = 249 flesch = 32 summary = More stringent constraints placed nowadays on water companies to provide high quality drinking water, increasing water resources scarcity in many areas of the planet, forcing water companies to work on marginal water bodies for supply, and the threat of hostile actions by political extremists and terrorist groups, that may willingly and deliberately cause contamination of an otherwise safe supply, are recent issues that have spurred demand for more efficient and comprehensive online water monitoring technologies. Monitoring requirements can be defined in relationship to: • Source water quality: (a) variability, in space and time (very low for groundwater, low for lakes, high for rivers); (b) vulnerability (type and location of possible contaminating activity), time-of-travel of the contaminant to the intake, effectiveness of barriers, control options after an alarm • Water treatment: process optimization options and response times, sampling frequency must allow adequate process control • Distribution systems: minimization of deterioration of water quality over time and distance, early detection of cross-connections and water losses In addition, it must be considered that online monitors could have different sensitivity and selectivity according to the matrix and range of concentrations analyzed. cache = ./cache/cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-002474-2l31d7ew author = Lv, Yang title = Actual measurement, hygrothermal response experiment and growth prediction analysis of microbial contamination of central air conditioning system in Dalian, China date = 2017-04-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4938 sentences = 270 flesch = 51 summary = title: Actual measurement, hygrothermal response experiment and growth prediction analysis of microbial contamination of central air conditioning system in Dalian, China Based on the data of Cladosporium in hygrothermal response experiment, this paper used the logistic equation and the Gompertz equation to fit the growth predictive model of Cladosporium genera in different temperature and relative humidity conditions, and the square root model was fitted based on the two environmental factors. Besides, according to the tested microbial density and the identified genome sequence of collected microorganisms, the hygrothermal response experiment of dominant fungal was detected, and the fitting analysis was carried out based on the prediction model, followed by a series of statistical analysis. The unit A showed the obvious microbial contamination status, though all components and airborne microorganism meet the Hygienic specification of central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings of China 22 . cache = ./cache/cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt txt = ./txt/cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011871-hlykwius author = Himmler, Sebastian title = Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases date = 2020-03-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6974 sentences = 319 flesch = 49 summary = As a first step to determine whether investing in such a system offers value for money, this study used contingent valuation to estimate people's willingness to pay for such an early warning system in six European countries. Overall, our results indicate that approximately 80–90% of people would be willing to pay for an increase in health safety in the form of an early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks. To estimate the WTP for an international integrated early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks, we conducted contingent valuation experiments utilising general population samples from six European countries: Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, and the UK. To estimate the value of an international integrated early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks aimed at increasing health safety, we developed a two-stage contingent valuation experiment. cache = ./cache/cord-011871-hlykwius.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011871-hlykwius.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-018723-qd9ps3zb author = Kizza, Joseph Migga title = Introduction to Computer Network Vulnerabilities date = 2017-02-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7028 sentences = 373 flesch = 48 summary = Among the most frequently mentioned sources of security vulnerability problems in computer networks are design flaws, poor security management, incorrect implementation, Internet technology vulnerability, the nature of intruder activity, the difficulty of fixing vulnerable systems, the limits of effectiveness of reactive solutions, and social engineering [2] . Hardware systems are less susceptible to design flaws than their software counterparts owing to less complexity, which makes them easier to test; limited number of possible inputs and expected outcomes, again making it easy to test and verify; and the long history of hardware engineering. Despite the wails of the critics, major open-source products such as Linux operating system have turned out with few security flaws; still there are fears that hackers can look at the code and perhaps find a way to cause mischief or steal information. cache = ./cache/cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012370-omz7kibf author = Dixit, Shivani title = Forensic genetic analysis of population of Madhya Pradesh with PowerPlex Fusion 6C(™) Multiplex System date = 2019-02-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1477 sentences = 82 flesch = 49 summary = title: Forensic genetic analysis of population of Madhya Pradesh with PowerPlex Fusion 6C(™) Multiplex System The study also presents the first global report on polymorphism in the Indian population on SE 33 autosomal STR loci and PP Fusion 6C Multiplex System. A few studies have been performed to characterize the population of Madhya Pradesh on autosomal STRs (described in Table S2 ) but these studies are based on 15 STR markers either using Identifiler/Identifiler Plus (Applied Biosystem, USA) or PowerPlex 16/16HS (Promega Corporation, Madison, USA). The most polymorphic and discriminatory STR loci in the studied population were SE 33 with values of 0.94 and 0.990, respectively. The data obtained in this study were compared with published Indian population data (Table S2 ) related to common 15 autosomal STR loci. With respect to the distribution of alleles at each STR locus, the loci were found to be substantially polymorphic in this population indicating good informativeness of all studied autosomal STR markers. cache = ./cache/cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013377-d4tbf05a author = Ungurean, Ioan title = A Software Architecture for the Industrial Internet of Things—A Conceptual Model date = 2020-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9918 sentences = 435 flesch = 44 summary = The main contributions of this paper are the proposal and description of a complete IIoT software architecture, the use of a unified address space, and the use of the computing platform based on SoC (System on Chip) with specialized co-processors in order to be able to execute in real-time certain time-critical operations specific to the industrial environment. In the specialized literature, several reference architectures for IoT and IIoT are proposed, but these are abstract models which do not deal with how to integrate things from the industrial environment, especially as in this environment are used communication systems (fieldbuses) with specific capabilities such as real-time monitoring and control of time-critical operations. One of the main goals of the drivers is to build the address space in a unitary way, hiding the specific details of each fieldbus and connected devices, such as the addressing mode or the In order to meet the real-time requirements specific to the industrial environment, the fog nodes can be designed and developed on SoC systems with specialized coprocessors for the communication implementation with fieldbuses. cache = ./cache/cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005078-gr2vioor author = Fedorowicz, Jane title = Reinvention of interorganizational systems: A case analysis of the diffusion of a bio-terror surveillance system date = 2009-04-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9561 sentences = 428 flesch = 37 summary = This paper reports on a case study of BioSense, an interorganizational system that was designed as an early detection tool for bio-terror attacks and subsequently modified to better serve this need as well as to operate as a public health system for pinpointing geographic clusters of dangerous/acute disease outbreaks. This paper reports on a case study of a public health interorganizational system which was initially designed and promoted as an early detection tool for bio-terror attacks and subsequently was modified to serve a broader and more routine public health purpose: identifying geographic clusters of communicable disease outbreaks. Studying the adoption and use of interorganizational systems by collaborating organizations will give researchers insights into the complex world in which both the characteristics of the technology-based innovation and its implementation process combine to determine the role of reinvention in its long term sustainability. cache = ./cache/cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005191-a70eedna author = Cohen, Irun R. title = Informational Landscapes in Art, Science, and Evolution date = 2006-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6278 sentences = 321 flesch = 48 summary = Here, I shall use Listening Post as an allegory to explore two other systems that deal with informational landscapes: biologic evolution and human understanding. The Internet created a new informational landscape, a new niche, that could be sampled and exploited by Hansen and Rubin to enhance their fitness as artists in the wilds of the Manhattan art world (Fig. 2) . Any organism, simple or complex, that manages to mine the landscape for enough energy and information to create meaning (through productive interactions) might manage to survive there. Like the algorithm of Listening Post, an evolving species creates new meaning by exploiting information flowing through its environment-its cyberspace. Darwin's concept of natural selection, including survival of the fittest, does play a critical role in the process of evolution, but mostly after a new or variant species has begun to exploit an informational landscape. cache = ./cache/cord-005191-a70eedna.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005191-a70eedna.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-024343-mrri46oh author = Buldakov, Nikolay title = An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management date = 2020-05-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5330 sentences = 304 flesch = 61 summary = In order to tackle such issues, we propose a smart contract-based solution encapsulating sensitive information, agreements and processes into transparent and distributed smart contracts . In order to provide their land for parking, a landlord must first sign a contract with the administrator. The proposed solution presented in this paper aims to tackle the problems described above by using blockchain smart contracts. First of all, both driver and parking providers (landlords and tenants) require a safe, trustworthy way of conducting payments in such a way that both parties are guaranteed that the amount of funds transferred is equivalent to the provided service. A tenant can set its payment policy and it also stores the address of its contract with a parking lot. Only two transactions are required: to deploy the contract (by the car) and to claim the end of the payment period (by the parking lot). cache = ./cache/cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-120017-vsoc9v85 author = Jiang, Helen title = Usable Security for ML Systems in Mental Health: A Framework date = 2020-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7356 sentences = 307 flesch = 42 summary = We aim to weave together threads from different domains, incorporate existing views, and propose new principles and requirements, in an effort to lay out a clear framework where criteria and expectations are established, and are used to make security mechanisms usable for end-users of those ML systems in mental health. In this short paper, we propose that ML systems in mental health use cases, beyond the privacy and security requirements already mandated by legislation's and regulations -for example, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) [38, 43, 64] in United States, and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in European Union and its member states' national laws [11, 12] -should consider properties of usable security proposed by this framework's four pillars, and be evaluated on their (1)context models, (2)functionality criteria, (3)trustworthiness requirements, and (4)recovery principles across their life cycles. cache = ./cache/cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt txt = ./txt/cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017621-pyn1enz2 author = Zaras, Nikolaos V. title = Case Study – Greece date = 2012-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2151 sentences = 120 flesch = 45 summary = The system of mandatory reporting of diseases represents the basis of epidemiologic monitoring in most countries; usually it is supplemented by more specialized systems, networks or studies with speci fi c objectives. Speci fi c (for the system of mandatory reporting of diseases) -detection of spo-• radic cases; Detection of epidemic cases Generic (for every system of epidemiologic monitoring) -estimation of reperThe reporting process can start from the clinical or laboratory doctor or the hospital's infectious diseases nurse but has to be sent immediately (by fax) to the Regional Health Directorates and CDCP. 2003: "Regulations applied for regional systems of health and providence", Art. 44, Law 3204/23-12-2003: CDCP -each private or public medical institution or individual doctor, operating legally, is obliged to inform CDCP of each case of pestiferous disease that comes to his/her attention. cache = ./cache/cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-020130-g9p5lgmn author = Ratshidi, Lilies title = Categorization of Factors Influencing Community Health Workers from a Socio-Technical Systems Perspective date = 2020-03-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3921 sentences = 162 flesch = 35 summary = The aim is operationalized by means of the best-fit framework synthesis method to explore the body of knowledge towards presenting a conceptual understanding through a categorization of Factors Influencing Community Health Workers from a Socio-Technical Systems Perspective. The study is grounded in social and technical perspectives as it facilitates the duality of the CHWs' work and community role, further adopts the technique of the "best-fit" framework synthesis method in the exploration. Some of the solutions to achieve what is postulated in the studies include coordinating the health system and community system to prioritize factors that inhibit or facilitate the understanding of CHWs programs' compatibility with community structures, cultural values, and perception, socio-economic context and support system [20] . In addition, integrating and adopting interventions supported by technological solutions, and the sustainability of these interventions should be considered when exploring efforts until the desired health outcomes are achieved to gain a better understanding of CHWs programs and their roles in LMICs [17] . cache = ./cache/cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-195224-7zfq0kxm author = Menda, Kunal title = Scalable Identification of Partially Observed Systems with Certainty-Equivalent EM date = 2020-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6803 sentences = 397 flesch = 56 summary = Autoregressive approaches directly map a time-history of past inputs to observations, without explicitly reasoning about unobserved states (Billings, 2013) , and are the stateof-the-art approach to the aforementioned problem of modeling the aerobatic helicopter (Punjani & Abbeel, 2015) . Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) (BailerJones et al., 1998; Zimmermann & Neuneier, 2000) are a form of black-box non-linear SSM that can be fit to observation and input time-series, and Subspace Identification (SID) methods (Van Overschee & De Moor, 1994) can be used to fit linear SSMs. However, in many cases prior knowledge can be used to specify structured, parametric models of the system (Gupta et al., 2019; in state-space form, commonly refered to as gray-box models. • CE-EM can be faster and more reliable than approaches using particle approximations, • CE-EM scales to high-dimensional problems, and, • CE-EM learns unbiased parameter estimates on deterministic systems with unimodal p(x 1:T | y 1:T ). cache = ./cache/cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027118-2xm8nkmi author = Sevastianov, Leonid A. title = An Effective Stable Numerical Method for Integrating Highly Oscillating Functions with a Linear Phase date = 2020-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3679 sentences = 209 flesch = 53 summary = An approach based on the fruitful idea of Levin, which allows the use of the collocation method to approximate the slowly oscillating part of the antiderivative of the desired integral, allows reducing the calculation of the integral of a rapidly oscillating function (with a linear phase) to solving a system of linear algebraic equations with a triangular or Hermitian matrix. In particular, the use in specific implementations of the Levin collocation method in the physical space of degenerate Chebyshev differentiation matrices, which also have eigenvalues differing by orders of magnitude, makes it impossible to construct a stable numerical algorithm for solving the resulting SLAEs. The approach to solving the differential equation of the Levin method, described in [5, 6, 8] , is based on the approximation of the solution, as well as the integrand phase and amplitude functions in the form of expansion into finite series in Chebyshev polynomials. cache = ./cache/cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-024088-020rgz5t author = Radandt, Siegfried title = Governance of Occupational Safety and Health and Environmental Risks date = 2008 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 39337 sentences = 2132 flesch = 47 summary = Depending on the type of hazard, the three topics, namely, safety, health and the environment, may share the common trait that the proper handling of risks, i.e., how to reduce probabilities and/or consequences of unwanted events is not always possible within a risk management system. A number of new occupational health and safety hazards have already arisen or are foreseen, including problems with the ergonomics of video display units, and musculoskeletal disorders in shoulder-neck and arm-hand systems, information overload, psychological stress, and pressure to learn new skills. Both managers and workers often do not see the need to improve occupational safety and health or ergonomic issues and their possibilities and benefits by reducing or eliminating risks at work. The explanations below present the basic procedure for developing safety-relevant arrangements and solutions, i.e. the thinking and decision-making processes, as well as selecting criteria that are significant for the identification of unwelcome events, the risk of an event, the acceptance limits and the adoption of measures. cache = ./cache/cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-033137-xezwbs4f author = Fan, Jingfang title = Statistical physics approaches to the complex Earth system date = 2020-10-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 41351 sentences = 2393 flesch = 61 summary = Especially, novel statistical physics and complex networks-based techniques have been developed and implemented to substantially advance our knowledge of the Earth system, including climate extreme events, earthquakes and geological relief features, leading to substantially improved predictive performances. We present here a comprehensive review on the recent scientific progress in the development and application of how combined statistical physics and complex systems science approaches such as critical phenomena, network theory, percolation, tipping points analysis, and entropy can be applied to complex Earth systems. To summarize, in this chapter we have described different network characteristics and presented various linear and nonlinear tools of time series analysis, which can be used to construct, define and characterize CNs. Linear and nonlinear methods include Pearson correlation, event synchronization, and informationtheory measures such as entropy and mutual information. cache = ./cache/cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt txt = ./txt/cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004995-5jmjejbp author = Hunt, Hamish C. title = Optofluidic integration for microanalysis date = 2007-09-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17310 sentences = 797 flesch = 42 summary = Integration of waveguides from which light emerges into a microfluidic channel is an attractive advance upon the use of external lenses or the hybrid integration of individual optical fibres to realise dual-beam traps, in terms of robustness, alignment and potential for mass production. Detection and analysis of chemical and biochemical species in microfluidic systems is challenging due to short optical path-lengths, small sample volumes, and the need to analyse individual particles or molecules. This section reviews optical detection schemes for chemical analysis in microfluidic systems, divided according to the principal optical phenomena employed: scattering, absorption, refractive index, fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, and thermal lensing. Kamei and Wada (2006) built upon earlier work (Kamei et al 2005) demonstrating microfluidic separation of biomolecules, and realised a detection platform shown in Fig. 11 , which included a 2 mm diameter half-ball lens for fluorescence collection, a microstructured interference filter deposited directly on a pin photodiode, and an aperture through the centre of the detector and filter via which excitation light from a 488 nm frequency-doubled VCSEL was introduced. cache = ./cache/cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-134378-p83nhiz9 author = Setlur, Vidya title = Sentifiers: Interpreting Vague Intent Modifiers in Visual Analysis using Word Co-occurrence and Sentiment Analysis date = 2020-09-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3569 sentences = 239 flesch = 44 summary = Natural language interaction with data visualization tools often involves the use of vague subjective modifiers in utterances such as"show me the sectors that are performing"and"where is a good neighborhood to buy a house?."Interpreting these modifiers is often difficult for these tools because their meanings lack clear semantics and are in part defined by context and personal user preferences. The interpretation of such modifiers makes it challenging for natural language interfaces to precisely determine the extensions of such concepts and mapping intent to the analytical functions provided in the visual analysis systems. Contribution This paper introduces Sentifiers, 1 a system to explore reasonable interpretations and defaults for such subjective vague modifiers in natural language interfaces for visual analysis. Research exploring the semantics of vague concepts for understanding intent transcends three main categories: (1) Computational Linguistics, (2) Intent and Modifiers in Search Systems, and (3) Natural Language Interaction for Visual Analysis. cache = ./cache/cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016192-xc4ae7c1 author = Fernando, Owen Noel Newton title = Mo-Buzz: Socially-Mediated Collaborative Platform for Ubiquitous Location Based Service date = 2013 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2991 sentences = 184 flesch = 52 summary = It acts as a community platform, where diverse users from geographically distributed locations can collaborate to seek and contribute multimedia contents of such diseases and related issues (breeding sites, etc.). These findings, in concert with emerging needs in public health, lead us to identify the need for a system which enables citizens to track disease spread (search for information), contribute to surveillance efforts by engaging with health authorities (share information) and further disseminate health information through members of their social networks (keep in touch with people/share information) using simple mobile phones or smartphones. To facilitates the general public to contribute to surveillance efforts in the event of disease outbreaks [17] , we have developed a platform, known as Mo-Buzz, which is focused on emergence of mobile phones and social media that will help to transform the way public health is practiced. cache = ./cache/cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257633-wrem38ex author = Chamola, Vinay title = A Comprehensive Review of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attacks and Neutralization Techniques date = 2020-10-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13597 sentences = 786 flesch = 58 summary = The aviation authority prescribes specific mandatory features for UAVs (excluding Nano category) like Global Positioning System (GPS), Return-to-Home (RTH), anti-collision light, identification (ID plate), a controller with flight data logging, radio frequency identification (RF-ID) and Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). In this section, we present a discussion of the various aspects of UAV operation such as the modes, flow of control, systems for navigation, and also review some of the most common commercial transmission protocols. A ground station is the control center that facilitates the human control of UAVs. An autonomous UAV has a predefined flight route based on GNSS systems like GPS or environment checkpoints which can be detected by the camera. This type of communication method involves a human operating a radio transmitter/receiver, a smartphone, a tablet or a computer as a ground station to control the flight path of the UAV. cache = ./cache/cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027721-hpzs6fvf author = Mcheick, Hamid title = Context-Aware Healthcare Adaptation Model for COPD Diseases date = 2020-05-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2827 sentences = 142 flesch = 46 summary = In this article, we are combining the healthcare telemonitoring systems with the context awareness and self-adaptation paradigm to provide a self-adaptive framework architecture for COPD patients. Based on this healthcare requirement, we realized the need of combining context awareness and self-adaptation with health telemonitoring, which will give our system the ability to be aware of the patient's data and context, then to adapt the required changes and act accordingly. In this paper, we have presented an architecture for a context-aware self-adaptive system that is used to develop a COPD healthcare telemonitoring system. Our main contribution in this work is providing a context-aware self-adaptive system architecture that is dealing with the huge variety and complexity of contextual data and different sets of services by implementing a decentralized adaptation unit, which makes the monitoring and adaptation task easier and less complex by applying the separation of concerns principle. Towards a generic context-aware framework for self-adaptation of service-oriented architectures cache = ./cache/cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005350-19za0msu author = O’Regan, Suzanne M. title = Theory of early warning signals of disease emergenceand leading indicators of elimination date = 2013-05-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14420 sentences = 802 flesch = 54 summary = Using the stochastic differential equation, we can obtain analytical expressions for statistical signatures of leading indicators and early warning signals, including the power spectrum and autocorrelation function (see Appendix A for details). To investigate the results of this theory for a particular parameter set (Table 7) , we calculated leading indicators of elimination and emergence, assuming alternatively that (a) the mean proportion of infectious individuals is given by the deterministic endemic equilibrium ( → 0 theory) or (b) assuming it is given by the current state of the fast-slow system approaching a transition. We also compared the elimination indicators with those calculated assuming that the mean proportion of infectious individuals was given by the deterministic endemic equilibrium from the limiting case models with no immigration. The goal of our study was to develop the theory of such early warning signals and leading indicators for infectious disease transmission systems that meet the assumptions of the familiar SIS and SIR models and which are forced through a critical transition by changes in transmission. cache = ./cache/cord-005350-19za0msu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005350-19za0msu.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-032561-x3qbqy69 author = Liu, Gengqi title = Stimulus-Responsive Nanomedicines for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment date = 2020-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25208 sentences = 1664 flesch = 46 summary = demonstrated that nanodrug carriers with diselenides could release more drugs using poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-Se-Se) with Se-Se bonds compared with poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-S-S) [54, 55] Thioether Selenium Tellurium Besides the development of drug delivery systems, pH-responsive systems can also be used for tumor detection and image-guided surgery [46] . demonstrated that nanodrug carriers with diselenides could release more drugs using poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-Se-Se) with Se-Se bonds compared with poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-S-S) [65] PBA/PBE Besides the development of drug delivery systems, pH-responsive systems can also be used for tumor detection and image-guided surgery [46] . Therefore, pH responsive system can be combined with other stimulus conditions such as light, redox, enzymes and others with the aim of improved selectivity for drug release in diseased tissues [47, 48] . In addition to photothermal therapy and PDT, light-responsive strategies have also been applied in the design of prodrug systems and drug delivery carriers. cache = ./cache/cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt txt = ./txt/cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264974-hspek930 author = Timmis, Kenneth title = The COVID‐19 pandemic: some lessons learned about crisis preparedness and management, and the need for international benchmarking to reduce deficits date = 2020-05-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7222 sentences = 275 flesch = 35 summary = If, despite the explicit warning of the World Health Organization in 2011 that 'The world is ill-prepared to respond to a severe influenza pandemic or to any similarly global, sustained and threatening public-health emergency' (https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA64/A64_10en.pdf), it was not apparent to those in charge, and to the general public-i.e., those suffering from COVID-19 infections and the funders of health services (tax/insurance payers)-that existing health systems had inherent vulnerabilities which could prove to be devastating when seriously stressed, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (e.g., see Brüssow, 2020 ) has brutally exposed it now. International benchmarking is mandatory, because it has become clear that there is a wide range of effectiveness in the ability of different countries with developed economies to respond to this crisis (and probably others), and the tax-paying public has no compelling reason to tolerate perpetuation of factors underlying poor responses to crises. cache = ./cache/cord-264974-hspek930.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264974-hspek930.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-027885-ua8miwes author = Das, Sujata title = Impact of Human Microbiome on Health date = 2020-03-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6589 sentences = 333 flesch = 33 summary = There has been an immense leap from the culture-based surveys of various tissues or organs, for example, of gut and oral cavity, to molecular profiling of the microbial communities and their biochemical products like enzymes, proteins, and amino acids in all the different ecological niches of the human body (Eckburg et al. Since the time of birth of an individual, when the sterile gut of the neonate gets exposed to the biota of mother's vagina during the vaginal delivery or hospital microbiota in case of caesarean section (which may even include the multidrug-resistant species), the microbes starts their colonisation with an eventual change by the age of 3-5 years, by when an individual starts resembling bacterial community to that of an adult both structurally and functionally (Bull and Plummer 2014) . Microbiome-based approaches involving antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation and nutritional modulators correlate directly with the alteration of immune status of an individual focusing on the innate immunity. cache = ./cache/cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt txt = ./txt/cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010406-uwt95kk8 author = Hu, Paul Jen-Hwa title = System for Infectious Disease Information Sharing and Analysis: Design and Evaluation date = 2007-07-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6883 sentences = 358 flesch = 39 summary = Motivated by the importance of infectious disease informatics (IDI) and the challenges to IDI system development and data sharing, we design and implement BioPortal, a Web-based IDI system that integrates cross-jurisdictional data to support information sharing, analysis, and visualization in public health. In this paper, we discuss general challenges in IDI, describe BioPortal's architecture and functionalities, and highlight encouraging evaluation results obtained from a controlled experiment that focused on analysis accuracy, task performance efficiency, user information satisfaction, system usability, usefulness, and ease of use. To support the surveillance and detection of infectious disease outbreaks by public health professionals, we design and implement the BioPortal system, a web-based IDI system that provides convenient access to distributed, cross-jurisdictional health data pertaining to several major infectious diseases including West Nile virus (WNV), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), and botulism. cache = ./cache/cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010681-tmpxs9og author = Dondapati, Srujan Kumar title = Cell-Free Protein Synthesis: A Promising Option for Future Drug Development date = 2020-03-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10674 sentences = 487 flesch = 36 summary = aatRNA aminoacyl-tRNA, AAS aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, ATP adenosine triphosphate, EF elongation factor, GSH glutathione, GSSG glutathione-disulfide, GTP guanosine-5'-triphosphate, IF initiation factor, IRES internal ribosome entry site, MP membrane protein, nCAA non-canonical amino acid, PDI protein disulfide isomerase, PEG polyethylene glycol, PTM post-translational modification, R ribosomes, t-RNA transfer RNA, TF transcription factor, UTR untranslated region, VLP virus like particle Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) Mimic the CHO cell-based production PTMs (N-glycosylation, disulfide bridging, and lipidation) Suitable for a wide range of eukaryotic and complex proteins Presence of translational active endogenous microsomes [45] High yields in CECF mode Endotoxin free Lysates used for point-of-care testing [30] Low yields especially in the batch mode [58] Cost ineffective and difficult to establish unlike E. cache = ./cache/cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017543-60q9iecq author = Tian, Wei-Chang title = Microfluidic Applications in Biodefense date = 2008-08-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16557 sentences = 831 flesch = 37 summary = Sections cover microscale sample preparation methods; immunomagnetic separations and immunoassays; proteomics; polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and other nucleic acid amplification methods; DNA microarrays, microelectrophoresis, and finally integrated Lab-on-a-Chip systems. The intent of JBAIDS Block III, Next Generation Diagnostics (NGD), is to establish a new system incorporating the capabilities of Block I and Block II capabilities (Table 10 .1) and adding immunoassay capabilities and the ability to identify up to 50 agents including toxins in 15 minutes using automated, miniaturized sample preparation integrated with analysis for nucleic acids and proteins, in a hand held or smaller format. They will need to be completely automated or simple to use; incorporate advanced technologies including sample preparation starting from primary samples (aerosols, blood, etc.), molecular detection, automation, microfluidics, and bioinformatics; reduce reagent consumption and space requirements; and provide cost and performance advantages compared to present systems. cache = ./cache/cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-133273-kvyzuayp author = Christ, Andreas title = Artificial Intelligence: Research Impact on Key Industries; the Upper-Rhine Artificial Intelligence Symposium (UR-AI 2020) date = 2020-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 42472 sentences = 2376 flesch = 55 summary = During the literature review it was evident the presence of few works dedicated to evaluating comprehensively the complete cycle of biofeedback, which comprises using the wearable devices, applying Machine Learning patterns detection algorithms, generate the psychologic intervention, besides monitoring its effects and recording the history of events [9, 3] . This solution is being proposed by several literature study about stress patterns and physiological aspects but with few results, for this reason, our project will address topics like experimental study protocol on signals acquisition from patients/participants with wearables to data acquisition and processing, in sequence will be applied machine learning modeling and prediction on biosignal data regarding stress (Fig. 1) . We will present first results of the project concerning a new process model for cooperating data scientists and quality engineers, a product testing model as knowledge base for machine learning computing and visual support of quality engineers in order to explain prediction results. cache = ./cache/cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004584-bcw90f5b author = nan title = Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary date = 2011-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 106850 sentences = 5038 flesch = 41 summary = Our goals are two-fold: (1) to monitor conformational changes in each domain upon its binding to specific ligands and then to correlate the observed changes with structural differences between the CRDs and (2) to investigate the interaction between the CRDs and lipid model membranes. Cholesterol-assisted lipid and protein interactions such as the integration into lipid nanodomains are considered to play a functional part in a whole range of membrane-associated processes, but their direct and non-invasive observation in living cells is impeded by the resolution limit of [200nm of a conventional far-field optical microscope. Therefore, to investigate the dynamic and complex membrane lateral organization in living cells, we have developed an original approach based on molecule diffusion measurements performed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy at different spatial scales (spot variable FCS, svFCS) (1). cache = ./cache/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-212813-yrca1hij author = Winkelmann, Ricarda title = Social tipping processes for sustainability: An analytical framework date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10065 sentences = 450 flesch = 38 summary = In particular, we identify human agency, social-institutional network structures, different spatial and temporal scales and increased complexity as key distinctive features underlying social tipping processes. Following these distinctions, we present a definitional framework for identifying social tipping processes for sustainability, where under critical conditions, a small perturbation can induce non-linear systemic change, driven by positive feedback mechanisms and cascading network effects. We adopt this framework to understand potential social tipping dynamics in the European political system, where the FridaysForFuture movement (16) pushes the system towards criticality, generating the conditions for shifting climate policy regimes into a qualitatively different state. Accordingly, the European political system could constitute a potential 'social tipping element', where as it nears critical conditions, a small change to the system or its broader environment could lead to large-scale macroscopic changes, affected by cascading network dynamics and positive feedback mechanisms. cache = ./cache/cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt txt = ./txt/cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023913-pnjhi8cu author = Foreman, Stephen title = Broader Considerations of Medical and Dental Data Integration date = 2011-10-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 47663 sentences = 2231 flesch = 44 summary = So while there has been no shortage of effort paid to improving Medicare, the one common theme in all of the recent initiatives is that dental care has been conspicuously 1 A new study by Hedlund, Jeffcoat, Genco and Tanna funded by CIGNA of patients with Type II diabetes and periodontal disease found that medical costs of patients who received maintenance therapy were $2483.51 per year lower than patients who did not. Examples of integrated care models do exist, such as that presented by (Heuer 2007 ) involving school-linked and school-based clinics with an "innovative health infrastructure." According to Heuer, "Neighborhood Outreach Action for Health (NOAH)" is staffed by two nurse practitioners and a part-time physician to provide "primary medical services to more than 3,200 uninsured patients each year" in Scottsdale, Arizona. cache = ./cache/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276218-dcg9oq6y author = Kim, Jihoon title = Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine date = 2020-07-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10681 sentences = 496 flesch = 38 summary = The use of classical cell line and animal model systems in biomedical research during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has been successful in many areas, such as improving our understanding of cellular signalling pathways, identifying potential drug targets and guiding the design of candidate drugs for pathologies including cancer and infectious disease. The advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and diverse human AdSC culture methods has made it possible, for the first time, to generate laboratory models specific to an individual 32 . A number of studies have used 3D human stem cell-derived systems, including neurosphere culture and brain organoid models, to reveal the effect of ZIKV infection on human brain development 80, 81 . cache = ./cache/cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-263450-v6vdg8os author = Shegogue, Daniel title = Object-oriented biological system integration: a SARS coronavirus example date = 2005-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4930 sentences = 260 flesch = 38 summary = Results: By applying an adapted, sequential software engineering process, a complex biological system (severe acquired respiratory syndrome-coronavirus viral infection) has been reverse-engineered and represented as an object-oriented software system. In addition, applying a well-defined software engineering process and object-oriented methodology provide an effective means to capture specifications from experimental data and integrate the biological system information. Finally, this process provides a guideline for the development of an integrated biological system, represented as an object-oriented software architecture, in a widely accepted objectoriented modeling language (such as UML), which can facilitate communication about complex systems among software engineers, biologists and other users. To demonstrate the efficacy of a well-defined software engineering process in the translation of a biological system to a model grounded in object-oriented principles, we used UML in the development of a severe acquired respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) model. cache = ./cache/cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt txt = ./txt/cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023354-f2ciho6o author = nan title = TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130046 sentences = 7333 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 author = Gupta, Abhishek title = The State of AI Ethics Report (June 2020) date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 47077 sentences = 1634 flesch = 48 summary = Another point brought up in the article is that social media companies might themselves be unwilling to tolerate scraping of their users' data to do this sort of vetting which against their terms of use for access to the APIs. Borrowing from the credit reporting world, the Fair Credit Reporting Act in the US offers some insights when it mentions that people need to be provided with a recourse to correct information that is used about them in making a decision and that due consent needs to be obtained prior to utilizing such tools to do a background check. Given that AI systems operate in a larger socio-technical ecosystem, we need to tap into fields like law and policy making to come up with effective ways of integrating ethics into AI systems, part of which can involve creating binding legal agreements that tie in with economic incentives.While policy making and law are often seen as slow to adapt to fast changing technology, there are a variety of benefits to be had, for example higher customer trust for services that have adherence to stringent regulations regarding privacy and data protection. cache = ./cache/cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267978-05hxrpi1 author = Nuzzo, Jennifer B. title = What makes health systems resilient against infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards? Results from a scoping review date = 2019-10-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5580 sentences = 268 flesch = 41 summary = METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify recurring themes and capacities needed for health system resiliency to infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards and any existing implementation frameworks that highlight these capacities. The aim of this scoping review was to draw from existing literature to characterize specific capacities required to build resilient health systems in the face of infectious disease emergencies and natural hazards, with an emphasis on highlighting potential efforts that health system actors (e.g. health facilities and health service delivery organizations that are not always well-integrated in government-led preparedness initiatives) could pursue to achieve desired health outcomes during health crises. We searched the scholarly and grey-literature databases to identify which capacities should be included in a framework for assessing and improving health system resilience to infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards. cache = ./cache/cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284934-mkxfa2nr author = Davis, Mark M title = Systems immunology date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2800 sentences = 130 flesch = 47 summary = I am biased, but I believe the modern form of Systems Immunology began in 2008-2009, with a relatively concurrent publication that I wrote entitled 'A Prescription for Human Immunology' [1] together with the first data papers by Sekaly [2] and Pulendran [3] , where both groups analyzed Yellow Fever Vaccine responses using gene array data and other data. Most importantly they used a program to convert gene expression data in other studies to cell subsets [13 ] to find (and confirm) that NK cell levels drop dramatically in subjects that develop active TB disease, and that they return to baseline after antibiotic treatment. Other important tools for systems analysis are programs that combine different data sets to identify important relationships between the immune system and metabolism for example, or the microbiome [9 ,10 ] . New approaches to the study of immune responses in humans cache = ./cache/cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287765-nsdequl9 author = Taiwo, Olutosin title = Smart healthcare support for remote patient monitoring during covid-19 quarantine date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7111 sentences = 359 flesch = 50 summary = To this end, a remote smart home healthcare support system (ShHeS) is proposed for monitoring patients' health status and receiving doctors' prescriptions while staying at home. In this paper, we propose a mobile application-based prototype smart home healthcare system for efficient and effective health monitoring for the elderly and disabled for their convenient and independent living while at home. Smart home automation as an emerging area of IoT has been applied in various areas such as: easy and assisted daily living especially for the provision of support to humans [17] , remote control of home appliances [18, 19] , detection of movement in the house [20] , energy management in the home [21] and security [22] , and provision of healthcare services to out-patients, disabled and elderly persons [10, 23, 24] . The proposed system described in our work is intended to perform a dual function of controlling home appliances as well as monitoring and recording the patient's physiological data such as blood pressure, body temperature, pulse rate, body weight and sugar level and other symptoms related to a specific virus. cache = ./cache/cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264749-m1awr1rm author = Saad, Julian M. title = A philosophy of health: life as reality, health as a universal value date = 2020-03-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9761 sentences = 475 flesch = 40 summary = The biological immune system, an individual's system of health behaviors, and the social system will be observed as systems that generate maintainable-ease of functioning in cells, selves, and societies respectively (Fig. 2 ). To observe health at the level of the cell, the self, and the society simultaneously, we consider systems that support maintainable-ease of biological, behavioral, and social functioning. Through this philosophy, one can go beyond biological systems to observe how precision (in the form of hostdefense functions, decision-making/executive functions, and values) and variation (in the form of microbiota functions, habits/habitual life functions, and population-wide behaviors) integrate to generate to maintainable-ease of functioning in cells, selves, and societies simultaneously (Fig. 3) . Similarly, when behavioral and social exposures are not tailored to the needs of individuals and groups, populations can become resistant to healthy change, and health is no longer valued at the level of the self and the society. cache = ./cache/cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-030026-4jew57ce author = Vasala, Antti title = Modern Tools for Rapid Diagnostics of Antimicrobial Resistance date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14184 sentences = 769 flesch = 36 summary = The CE-marked Alfed 60 AST TM system (Alifax, Italy) uses sensitive laser-light scattering technology to detect bacterial growth in a liquid culture broth and provides antimicrobial susceptibility results directly from positive blood culture bottles within 4-6 h. With 232 positive blood cultures tested, the overall essential agreement with routine methods was 95.1%, and the time needed for AST was decreased by 42 h in comparison to standard growth-based analysis. Regarding the speed and the need to handle clinical polybacterial samples, the immunodiagnostic TPX-technology (ArcDia Ltd), growth-based FISH (Accelerate Pheno), the Multipath digital imaging technology based on nanoparticles for labeling and magnetic beads for capturing (First Light Diagnostics Inc.) , and the NAAT-based dAST (Talis Inc.) seem promising options for rapid point-of-care testing of antimicrobial susceptibility. A novel microfluidic assay for rapid phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria detected in clinical blood cultures cache = ./cache/cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt txt = ./txt/cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296253-bxyzhsfs author = Elham, Elzat title = Anatomic evidence shows that lymphatic drainage exists in the pituitary to loop the cerebral lymphatic circulation date = 2020-05-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1686 sentences = 87 flesch = 41 summary = To determine whether the perinasal lymphatic system or lymphatic vessels are involved in cerebral immune defence and play a role in causing CNS infections (especially respiratory tract-related infections), we performed an anatomic study to investigate the drainage differences between the perinasal and intracerebral lymphatic systems by using injection of Evans blue and anatomic surgery, together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. To determine whether the perinasal lymphatic system or lymphatic vessels are involved in cerebral immune defence and play a role in causing CNS infections (especially respiratory tract-related infections), we performed an anatomic study to investigate the drainage differences between the perinasal and intracerebral lymphatic systems by using injection of Evans blue and anatomic surgery, together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. Under an anatomic (20× magnification) microscope, we dissected the mouse intracranial nervous system after injection of Evans blue (perinasal lymphatic reflux assay) and found that lymphatic vessels that exist in the pituitary and loop the cerebral lymphatic circulation are responsible for the perinasal-pituitary lymphatic drainage. cache = ./cache/cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292024-ae7rauc6 author = Fulop, T. title = Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10195 sentences = 543 flesch = 47 summary = The increased numbers and activity of certain innate or innate-like immune cell subsets with aging might be considered host responses to compensate for the drastic decline in adaptive immune cell development and function [95] . Several studies have also indicated age-related functional changes in DCs, such as impaired expression of TLRs [115] ; decreased production of cytokines, chemokines, and IFN-a after TLR stimulation [112] [113] [114] [115] [116] ; and increased responses to self-antigen [117] . In the meantime, senescent T cells, analogously to other senescent cells arising with age in the body, produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines (a phenomenon called senescence-associated secretory phenotype, SASP) as stated by the inflammaging characteristics of the human immune system [141, 142] . Given the central role of Treg cells in immune homeostasis, age-related loss of Treg function would be predicted to render the host susceptible to excessive immunity, encountered in elderly humans as a syndrome of chronic low-grade inflammation [172] . cache = ./cache/cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-290856-6de0mwg0 author = Abbo, Aharon (Ronnie) title = Technological Developments and Strategic Management for Overcoming the COVID-19 Challenge within the Hospital Setting in Israel date = 2020-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4152 sentences = 188 flesch = 40 summary = A second key component of this challenge was the overwhelming surge in patient burden and the relative lack of trained staff and medical equipment which required rapid re-organization of large systems and augmenting health care efficiencies to unprecedented levels. This review article describes the early research and development response in Israel under the scope of in-hospital patient care, such as non-contact sensing of patients' vital signs, and how it could potentially be weaved into a practical big picture at the hospital or national level using a strategic management system. This review article describes the early research and development response in Israel under the scope of in-hospital patient care, and how it could potentially be weaved into a practical strategic big picture that could help confront the next wave or any upcoming health crisis. The C 4 I™ system is a command and control tactical system integrating computing, communication, and intelligence information (for health care applications this applies for patient sensors), developed for military use by Elbit Systems. cache = ./cache/cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291786-66c8xta0 author = He, Shaobo title = SEIR modeling of the COVID-19 and its dynamics date = 2020-06-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5103 sentences = 377 flesch = 68 summary = In this paper, a SEIR epidemic model for the COVID-19 is built according to some general control strategies, such as hospital, quarantine and external input. 3, the SEIR model is applied to the COVID-19 data of Hubei province where the PSO algorithm is introduced to estimate the parameters. In this section, through the actual COVID-19 data from Hubei province, the PSO algorithm is utilized to estimate the parameters of the proposed SEIR model to fit the real situation. The initial values setting of SEIR model is presented in Table 4 , where N is the total population of Hubei affected by the COVID-19 epidemic in January 24th, 2020, and E is calculated based on the number of confirmed patients. Moreover, the control measures for containing the Error ×10 4 Fig. 3 The error convergence curve of PSO algorithm in the inhibition stage outbreak are more and more powerful; thus, the system parameter should be time varying variables. cache = ./cache/cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-290448-oeeg754b author = Shah, Darshil title = Improvising the surgical helmet system for aerosol-generating procedures in the OR: Surgeon designed 3D printed mould for augmented filtration system date = 2020-09-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2957 sentences = 189 flesch = 55 summary = title: Improvising the surgical helmet system for aerosol-generating procedures in the OR: Surgeon designed 3D printed mould for augmented filtration system 3. RESULT: The helmet provided adequate comfort, showed no evidence of staining on spill test and the filter passed the industry filtration efficiency standards. Reaming, lavage, and use of saw ( Figure 1 ) have all shown to produce aerosols that vary in size from 0.7 -5 microns [1, 3] Surgical helmet systems are routinely used by arthroplasty surgeons to reduce the peri-operative infection rates and were also used as personal protective equipment [2, 3, 4] . This paper describes the process of designing and applying 3D printing technology to enhance the functionality of the surgical helmet system for use during the pandemic period. The 3D printed mould for filter placement is an inexpensive, efficient, and comfortable design to augment the personal protection of the Stryker helmet system. cache = ./cache/cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286858-zbhtl2yn author = Mishra, B. title = tamasomā jyotirgamaya: Seeking the Self Amidst Covids’ Cytokine Cyclones date = 2020-10-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5820 sentences = 291 flesch = 45 summary = In other words, as part of the innate immune system, sender agent, a dendritic cell (DC), in a multicellular organism that recognizes an appropriate DAMP/PAMP combination could signal receiver agent, a macrophage (M ), to engulf and digest foreign substances (associated with the molecular patterns, AMP) in an action process called phagocytosis. " We hope to simplify the model by formulating the innate immune system as a signaling game 4 , 6 , which, though prone to deception, can be critically tamed by the education, surveillance, and memory acquired by the adaptive immune system; the education of the adaptive immune system, though highly costly, can also be hijacked by a deceptively simple virus and points to a need for a better understanding of how the system behaves among various hosts (bats and humans with diverse HLA types). It is possible to study the immune systems as a signaling game whose Nash equilibria separate two types: self and non-self. cache = ./cache/cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294877-bbs8a8jz author = Liu, ChuanPeng title = A glimpse of enzymology within the idea of systems date = 2012-09-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5619 sentences = 292 flesch = 35 summary = Fortunately, applications of new techniques and, in particular, wide acceptance of the idea of systems have enabled enzymologists to begin studying enzymes in the context of dynamic, complicated biological systems in recent years. Although these enzymes had been extensively studied, the results presented in three recently published articles indicate that their biological functions are still to be clarified. [23] investigated the po-tential effect of all the known nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of human phase II metabolizing enzyme on protein function, and identified many residues that are likely to be functionally critical, but have not yet been studied experimentally. While molecular level research on biological systems has evolved from investigating individual enzymes or pathways to studies on biological networks and even ecological networks, a new challenge for biologists is to add a dynamic property to the constructed networks. cache = ./cache/cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292623-mxdlii77 author = Arji, Goli title = Fuzzy logic approach for infectious disease diagnosis: A methodical evaluation, literature and classification date = 2019-09-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6116 sentences = 402 flesch = 48 summary = So, the major objective of the current study is to examine the researches in which fuzzy logic techniques have been applied in infectious diseases so to determining its trends and methods, through the processes of conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). In this methodical review, the studies related to the employment of the fuzzy logic techniques in an infectious disease were assessed, and depending on the acquired outcomes, we can notice an interest amongst the researchers regarding this specific field of research. 40 studies were scrutinized and the main conclusions can be briefed as follows: (1) the key application field of the fuzzy logic in an infectious disease was related to dengue fever, hepatitis and tuberculosis, (2) amongst the fuzzy logic techniques fuzzy inference system, rule-based fuzzy logic, ANFIS and fuzzy cognitive map are commonly used in many studies, and (3) the major performance evaluation indicators such as the sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy the ROC curve is employed. cache = ./cache/cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-280459-y0tbvs3t author = Ramvikas, M. title = Nasal Vaccine Delivery date = 2016-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7333 sentences = 450 flesch = 36 summary = Yet developing vaccine delivery systems that induce humoral and cell-mediated response with mucosal immunity has been challenging to date. Nasal delivery of vaccines acts as a "first entry block," that is, blocks the pathogen entry, while invading to the mucosal surface by inducing local microbial-specific immune responses, thus increasing the general efficacy of the vaccine. The nasal route is considered an attractive route for vaccine administration with the following advantages: • Better patient compliance • Numerous microvilli present in the nasal epithelium provide a better absorption surface • Mucosal and systemic immune response can be induced • Easy immunization of large population groups • Nasal immunization does not require needles and syringes Many challenges stand in the way of developing nasal vaccines. Hence a polymer-based micro-/nanoparticulate system can be exploited as a viable nasal vaccine delivery system that is capable of delivering a multitude of antigens at the targeted sites and inducing desired immune response. cache = ./cache/cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296129-rkadl46r author = MacFall, Janet title = Toward resilient food systems through increased agricultural diversity and local sourcing in the Carolinas date = 2015-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9885 sentences = 434 flesch = 41 summary = Finally, a distributed food supply network supported with diverse agricultural products can increase resilience by providing access to diversified markets for producers and improved food access to consumers with more food choices, while expanding the need for skilled jobs supporting the regionally based food industry. As the two models below, North Carolina Central Piedmont Network and the South Carolina Food Hub demonstrate, decentralized models that link producers to consumers provide opportunities for farmers that utilize high-yield, low input techniques such as biointensive and other agroecological techniques a convenient and reasonable access to markets. Using biological and agricultural diversity to expand locally based, sustainable farming systems, foster new farmers and food entrepreneurs, and build distributed aggregation, processing and marketing networks that focus on triple bottom line benefits-environmental, social, and economic-have the potential to strengthen our food security and our communities, providing resilience to both acute and long-term stress. cache = ./cache/cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-290139-b02eghd4 author = Yen, Tseng-Chang title = Reliability-based measure of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns under the F-Policy date = 2020-10-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4156 sentences = 268 flesch = 52 summary = title: Reliability-based measure of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns under the F-Policy We study reliability and sensitivity analysis of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns operating under the F-policy. The F-policy studies the most common issue of controlling arrival to a queueing problem and it requires startup time before allowing failed machines to enter the orbit. In this paper, we consider a retrial machine repair problem (RMRP) with working breakdowns that combines F-policy and exponentially startup time before allowing failed machines to enter the retrial system. Chen (2018) proposed reliability analysis of retrial machine repair system with working breakdowns and a single repair server with recovery policy. Reliability analysis of a retrial machine repair problem with warm standbys and a single server with N-policy System reliability analysis of retrial machine repair systems with warm standbys and a single server of working breakdown and recovery policy cache = ./cache/cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-299884-wp4ehemj author = Chen, Ray Zhuangrui title = Integrated wetlands for food production date = 2016-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11818 sentences = 548 flesch = 43 summary = Apart from excessive nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which can cause eutrophication in water, elevated concentrations of a wide range of persistent toxic substances (PTS), including heavy metals (such as mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb)), persistent organic pollutants (POPs such as DDT) and certain emerging chemicals of concern (such as flame retardants) found in soil, water and air worldwide during the past decades, are greatly threatening our food production and food safety. Similar to rice-fish farming, rice-duck, rice-crab, rice-prawn farming makes use of the symbiotic relationship between paddy fields and animals to more effectively utilize nutrients and energy, reduce chemical fertilizer and pesticide inputs, increase food safety and productivity, and also mitigate the pollutants discharge Zhang et al., 2001; Zhen et al., 2004) . Integrated wetland techniques (such as hydroponic, constructed treatment wetland or floating island) with food production processes, coupled with polyculture of different fish species or other organisms (such as ducks, crabs, shrimps, and etc.), are able to promote ecosystem health, and achieve sustainability, mainly via its wastewater purification and nutrient recycling capability. cache = ./cache/cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304013-nzigx0k0 author = Lipinski, Tom title = Review of ventilation strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission in high occupancy buildings date = 2020-09-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12834 sentences = 557 flesch = 47 summary = This paper will discuss the factors affecting air particle properties in-terms of flow dynamics and critically analyse current ventilation strategies and mechanisms and identify areas for improvement in the search for the reduction of indoor infections. The study by the University of Oregon [54, 58] observed that Natural Ventilation with a plentiful supply of fresh air dilutes and removes contaminated air much more effectively than fan driven, recirculated air movement, significantly reducing the risk of infection, as shown in Figure 17 . Displacement ventilation with a generously sized natural inlet is preferred as it can move stale, contaminated air directly to the exhaust of the room in a laminar fashion whilst the concentration of small droplets and airborne particles in the indoor air is significantly reduced. cache = ./cache/cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294784-r84td2i0 author = Meessen, Bruno title = Health system governance: welcoming the reboot date = 2020-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3515 sentences = 201 flesch = 54 summary = ► The focus on collective agency broadens the perspective for action: the governance of the health system is not only about the ministry of health doing well certain things, it is about groups of individuals being able to organise their collective action, through the state, but also through other mechanisms. Our proposition is to organise the analysis around four main sets of variables: (1) the set of collective action problems to solve (let us call it P) (2) the group of individuals facing this P (G),(3) the set of possible actions (A) that members of G can take at a time t in order to handle P and (4) the conditions (C) determining the choice set A. The set of possible actions A is itself determined by a set of conditions (C): the size and composition of G, the nature, quantity and distribution of resources (including information and trust) endowed by its members, their preferences, organisations (eg, the ministry of health) and other institutional arrangements in place, as well as external factors such as available technology or security. cache = ./cache/cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302879-ao0n3x9b author = Vanhee, T. title = Child behaviour during dental care under nitrous oxide sedation: a cohort study using two different gas distribution systems date = 2020-10-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3858 sentences = 197 flesch = 53 summary = title: Child behaviour during dental care under nitrous oxide sedation: a cohort study using two different gas distribution systems PURPOSE: Conscious sedation by inhalation of a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (CS) is a technique used in dental care for anxious, handicapped or uncooperative patients. The very special objective of this cohort study is to compare the behaviour of young patients during dental care under CS in two hospitals using different gas distribution systems. Conscious sedation by inhalation of a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (CS) is an effective means for the management of uncooperative children requiring dental care in paediatric dentistry services in hospitals (Bryan 2002) . The effect of nitrous oxide administration can be measured by the success or failure rate of the treatment or using behavioural observation with instruments like of Venham scale (Collado et al. cache = ./cache/cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262719-onjxtixk author = Williams, Richard A. title = User Experiences using FLAME: A Case Study Modelling Conflict in Large Enterprise System Implementations date = 2020-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11055 sentences = 350 flesch = 33 summary = In addition, we discuss a number of significant constraints of FLAME due to the underlying architecture, such as: issues when setting the Pseudo-Random Number Generator seed value; the inability to send messages between simulation time-steps; the inability to use global mutable parameters; performance challenges due to the I/O rate-limiting characteristics and the need for significant fast storage allocation to accommodate realistic simulations of social systems. The cause for this relates to the underlying design principles of FLAME, with its conceptual architecture being based 640 on communicating stream X-Machines, which require the generation of individual XML files for each simulation time-step (these XML files contain parameter values and states for every X-Machine agent that is instantiated). cache = ./cache/cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300467-zht8olyh author = Nkengasong, John N. title = Laboratory Systems and Services Are Critical in Global Health: Time to End the Neglect? date = 2010-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3065 sentences = 132 flesch = 38 summary = To sustainably strengthen national laboratory systems in resource-poor countries, the following approaches are needed: (1) developing integrative national laboratory strategic plans and policies and building systems to address multiple diseases; (2) establishing public-private partnerships; (3) ensuring effective leadership, commitment, and coordination by host governments of efforts of donors and partners; (4) establishing and/or strengthening centers of excellence and field epidemiology and laboratory training programs to meet shortand medium-term training and retention goals; and (5) establishing affordable, scalable, and effective laboratory accreditation schemes to ensure quality of laboratory tests and bridge the gap between clinicians and laboratory experts on the use of test results. cache = ./cache/cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-311558-1y6z8qso author = Henry, Caitlin title = Palliative Space-Time: Expanding and Contracting Geographies of US Health Care date = 2020-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8232 sentences = 450 flesch = 59 summary = Developed out of research on the impacts of hospital restructuring on workers, patients, and communities, this paper aims to understand how health care financing, care needs for the ageing, and new geographies of health services are intertwined. I paired this news analysis with a review of secondary literature (primarily from health economics and public health) focusing on studies done since 1982 on the impacts of the prospective payment system on hospital financing and the use and cost effectiveness of hospice. Finally, I apply the idea of palliative space-time to these contradictory J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f changes, to reveal a death-focused logic at work in US health care today and consider what alternative possibilities exist. PST is useful for understanding the implications of those two legislative changes of the early 1980s: the callous palliative state of the health care system, with the care-full service of hospice. cache = ./cache/cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt txt = ./txt/cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314779-f5nvspcg author = Roth, Steffen title = East of nature. Accounting for the environments of social sciences date = 2020-06-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5747 sentences = 256 flesch = 37 summary = 1) While the latter focus has early been complemented by or extended to a social systems perspective, the primary goal of ecological economics (EE) has always remained the "sustainable wellbeing of both humans and the rest of nature" (Costanza, 2020, p. Hence, the "recognition that the economy is embedded within society, which is embedded within the rest of nature" (ibid.) is widespread; and even if some reservation might apply to the implication that economy and society belong to the realm of nature, the convention to define sustainability along an economic, social, and ecological or environmental dimension (Basiago, 1995; European Commission, 2001 ) is well-established and has gained particular prominence under the "triple bottom line" label (Elkington, 1994 (Elkington, , 1998 Mauerhofer, 2008; Ahi et al., 2018; Vatn, 2020 ) (see Fig. 1 ). cache = ./cache/cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301117-egd1gxby author = Barh, Debmalya title = In Silico Models: From Simple Networks to Complex Diseases date = 2013-11-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13765 sentences = 670 flesch = 37 summary = Bioinformatics deals with methods for storing, retrieving, and analyzing biological data and protein sequences, structures, functions, pathways, and networks, and recently, in silico disease modeling and simulation using systems biology. Bioinformatics is the computational data management discipline that helps us gather, analyze, and represent this information in order to educate ourselves, understand biological processes in healthy and diseased states, and to facilitate discovery of better animal products. The development of such computational modeling techniques to include diverse types of molecular biological information clearly supports the gene regulatory network inference process and enables the modeling of the dynamics of gene regulatory systems. Understanding the complexity of the disease and its biological significance in health can be achieved by integrating data from the different functional genomics experiments with medical, physiological, and environmental factor information, and computing mathematically. cache = ./cache/cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-298064-itxuyetu author = Tang, Rong title = The state of practice of COVID‐19 tracking systems: An inventory study date = 2020-10-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1227 sentences = 76 flesch = 67 summary = Key findings include the frequency distribution of the systems' web domain names, the countries where the systems were created, the languages they support, the visual display format, the map platforms, and the data sources. According to The World Health Organization (WHO), the objectives of COVID-19 surveillance systems include: "(a) monitor trends in the disease where human-to-human transmission occurs; (b) rapidly detect new cases in countries where the virus is not circulating; (c) provide epidemiological information to conduct risk assessments at the national, regional and global levels; (d) provide epidemiological information to guide preparedness and response measures" (WHO, 2020). Data visualization features and display format were documented in terms of the presence or absence of maps, tables, various chart formats including line charts, column charts, bar graphs, area charts, and pie charts. cache = ./cache/cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310288-onr700ue author = Sciubba, Daniel M. title = Scoring system to triage patients for spine surgery in the setting of limited resources: Application to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond date = 2020-05-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3593 sentences = 210 flesch = 49 summary = title: Scoring system to triage patients for spine surgery in the setting of limited resources: Application to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond Methods Using a modified Delphi technique, a cohort of 16 fellowship-trained spine surgeons from 10 academic medical centers constructed a scoring system for the triage and prioritization of emergent and elective spine surgeries. Results The devised scoring system included 8 independent components: neurological status, underlying spine stability, presentation of a high-risk post-operative complication, patient medical comorbidities, expected hospital course, expected discharge disposition, facility resource limitations, and local disease burden. Conclusion Here we present the first quantitative urgency scoring system for the triage and prioritizing of spine surgery cases in resource-limited settings. The devised scoring system included 8 independent components: neurological status, underlying 19 spine stability, presentation of a high-risk post-operative complication, patient medical 20 comorbidities, expected hospital course, expected discharge disposition, facility resource 21 limitations, and local disease burden. cache = ./cache/cord-310288-onr700ue.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310288-onr700ue.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-008777-i2reanan author = nan title = ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date = 2005-07-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 151383 sentences = 7577 flesch = 43 summary = Mollerup Department of Chemical Engineering, Building 229, DTU, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark A variety of factors that govern the properties of proteins are utilized in the development of chromatographic processes for the recovery of biological products including the binding and release of protons, the non-covalent association with non-polar groups (often hydrophobic interactions), the association of small ions (ion exchange) and the highly specific antigen-antibody interaction (affinity interactions). Such fermenters will be needed in order to meet the increasing pressure on costs for low price commodity type products such as single cell protein or food and technical grade enzymes, and to meet the demands of the new wave of white biotech, in which bio-produced chemicals must be made at prices competitive with those of the traditional chemical industry. The presentation will focus on use of the sensitive sandwich hybridization technology for the quantitative analysis of process relevant marker genes in different kind of microbial cell cultures with a focus on the production of recombinant proteins. cache = ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt txt = ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023364-ut56gczm author = nan title = EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130049 sentences = 7334 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-289775-40bi87iz author = Haines, David E. title = Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on Electrophysiology Laboratory Standards: Process, Protocols, Equipment, Personnel, and Safety date = 2014-05-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 28535 sentences = 1331 flesch = 35 summary = The specific criteria for recredentialing are determined by each individual hospital, but should generally parallel the following recommendations: ABIM CCEP board certification and IBHRE certification are limited to 10 years; to stay current for CCEP, the physician must complete a series of CME and/or practice improvement activities 9 ; recertification examination for CCEP and CCDS are each required at 10-year intervals; to ensure that cognitive and technical skills are maintained, the physician's clinical competence must be evaluated and documented on a regular basis; it is the responsibility of the medical staff credentialing committee to ensure that physicians perform the necessary number of evaluations and procedures needed to maintain their expertise 31 and also that they participate in regular CME activities. The procedure report should include, at minimum, all the following: the primary and secondary operators, the indication for the procedure, names and doses of any medications administered, catheter/pacing/ICD lead model and serial numbers, insertion sites and intracardiac destinations, findings and procedure performed, complications encountered, and fluoroscopic exposure (fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, and the dose-area product) by an Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)/Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)-certified nurse. cache = ./cache/cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-325445-80p6wthw author = Goh, Ong Sing title = Query Based Intelligent Web Interaction with Real World Knowledge date = 2008-03-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7009 sentences = 443 flesch = 58 summary = To overcome the above limitations, this paper proposed an integrated system comprises of an artificial intelligent conversation software robot or chatterbot, called Artificial Intelligence Natural-language Identity (hereafter, AINI), and an Automated Knowledge Extraction Agent (AKEA) for the acquisition of real world knowledge from the Internet. The aim of the project is to develop an intelligent conversation agent called AINI to answer domain specific questions as well as open-domain (or common sense) questions. The key contribution described in this paper is the integration of the common sense knowledge and domain specific knowledge in the form of a "knowledge matrix." The system is based on a layered and modular design, and the answers for the queries are searched from these modules. As shown in Fig. 1 and 2 , AINI's domain-specific knowledge bases consist of Natural Language Corpus and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ). cache = ./cache/cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310872-2z1wnj63 author = Spellberg, Brad title = Alignment With Market Forces: The “Re-Whithering” of Infectious Diseases date = 2020-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2901 sentences = 165 flesch = 52 summary = Approximately 35 years after Dr. Petersdorf first asked the question, we find ourselves once again wondering, "Whither Infectious Diseases?" To answer this question, and align with predominant US market forces, ID experts should push for the following: (1) restrictions regarding utilization of ID diagnostics and antimicrobial agents; (2) pay-for-performance measures regarding antimicrobial prescribing rates; and (3) healthcare reform as called for by the American College of Physicians to move away from fee-for-service medicine. Infectious diseases practitioners may be better at diagnosing and treating infections than those who practice other specialties, but to what financial advantage to healthcare systems that hang on by their fingernails with operating margins under 2% [16, 17] ? First, ID practitioners have unique expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of infections, which can lead to less antimicrobial resistance and superinfections, better outcomes, and lower cost for patients and health systems. cache = ./cache/cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-326220-uosjmht0 author = Gaskell, Jen title = Covid‐19 and the Blunders of our Governments: Long‐run System Failings Aggravated by Political Choices date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5776 sentences = 254 flesch = 50 summary = Having established a framework for thinking about the causes of governance failure, we need to establish some assessment of the performance of different systems in the unfolding of the Covid-19 crisis during the first half of 2020. The government also benefitted from the collaborative approach taken by the opposition, with Social Democratic Party (SPD) member of parliament Ricardo Baptista Leite observing: 'We're no longer dealing with the Socialist government; we are dealing with the government of Portugal', further noting 'We are having very candid but supportive meetings to present constructive criticism and also solutions through back channels, showing a sense of unity for the national interest.' 11 In Denmark, Prime Minister Metter Fredriksen delivered her lockdown address to the nation on 11 March when the country had around 500 recorded cases, closing schools against the recommendation of its health authorities. cache = ./cache/cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-311651-v2ff33jd author = Long, Nathaniel title = Contributions of Health Professions Students to Health System Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Strategies and Process for U.S. Medical Schools date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4424 sentences = 212 flesch = 43 summary = Health System Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Strategies and Process for U.S. Medical Schools communication with frontline physician educators-to develop strategies for leveraging student capabilities and contributions. In this article, we (1) articulate 4 categories in which medical students can contribute to the work of U.S. AHCs and the wellness of their communities; (2) describe the educational benefits for learners and the alignment with health systems science (HSS) competencies; and (3) highlight a process for coproduction between students, medical schools, and the health system. 28 Those students who developed an evolved skill set-serving as patient navigators for individuals in need, obtaining White and Yellow Belt certifications in Operational Excellence, 29 and honing a nascent systems-based perspective toward health care practice-are the same students who have been organizing themselves to perform similar and additional roles during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-322511-hnvqvajx author = Speerin, Robyn title = Implementing models of care for musculoskeletal conditions in health systems to support value-based care date = 2020-07-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9092 sentences = 400 flesch = 35 summary = MoCs can support the quadruple aim of value-based care through providing people with musculoskeletal disease improved access to health services, better health outcomes and satisfactory experience of their healthcare; ensure the health professionals involved are experiencing satisfaction in delivering such care and health system resources are better utilised. MoCs can support the quadruple aim of value-based care through providing people with musculoskeletal disease improved access to health services, better health outcomes and satisfactory experience of their healthcare; ensure the health professionals involved are experiencing satisfaction in delivering such care and health system resources are better utilised. Implementing models of care to support value-based care When MoCs are developed as described in this paper and a quality improvement cycle is used, such as an established framework for evaluation [18] , they can provide clear evidence for health systems and policy-makers when making decisions regarding equitable use of resources that will optimise health system outcomes across the quadruple aim for value-based care. cache = ./cache/cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304070-jw1lxwyd author = Lapinsky, Stephen E title = Prospective evaluation of an internet-linked handheld computer critical care knowledge access system date = 2004-10-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3221 sentences = 164 flesch = 42 summary = We evaluated the feasibility and potential benefits of a handheld computer based knowledge access system linking a central academic intensive care unit (ICU) to multiple community-based ICUs. METHODS: Four community hospital ICUs with 17 physicians participated in this prospective interventional study. Before and after the intervention period, participants underwent simulated patient care scenarios designed to evaluate the information sources they accessed, as well as the speed and quality of their decision making. CONCLUSION: An updateable handheld computer system is feasible as a means of point-of-care access to medical reference material and may improve clinical decision making. In the present study we evaluated whether it would be feasible and effective to provide updateable reference information from a central academic centre to handheld computers used by critical care specialists in community hospitals. Information sources that physicians accessed to make clinical decisions were evaluated during simulated patient care scenarios, completed in the physicians' own ICU utilizing a computerized patient simulator (SimMan; Laerdal Medical Corporation, Wappingers Falls, NY, USA). cache = ./cache/cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318509-zwb758cg author = Nenonen, Suvi title = Don't adapt, shape! Use the crisis to shape your minimum viable system – And the wider market date = 2020-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5334 sentences = 251 flesch = 41 summary = We outline a generic process of market-shaping, comprising eight steps: (1) determining whether to act now or actively wait, (2) deciding whether to be a shaper or a supporter, (3) developing a scalable vision for the future market, (4) recognizing the minimum viable system linked to this vision, (5) driving changes in market-level properties, (6) securing that value is quantified and shared, (7) inviting actor engagement for implementation, and (8) defending against possible retaliations from threatened market systems. In this section we synthesize the current notions in the emerging literature on market-shaping and shaping strategies (cf., Nenonen & Storbacka, 2018; Patvardhan & Ramachandran, 2020) into a marketshaping process, comprising eight steps: (1) determining whether to act now or actively wait, (2) deciding whether to be a shaper or a supporter, (3) developing a scalable vision for the future market, (4) recognizing the minimum viable system linked to this vision, (5) driving changes in market-level properties, (6) securing that value is quantified and shared, (7) inviting actor engagement for implementation, and (8) defending against possible retaliations from threatened market systems. cache = ./cache/cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333599-hl11ln2r author = Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title = Planning and Managing Health Systems date = 2014-10-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19701 sentences = 839 flesch = 38 summary = Planning and management are changing in the era of the New Public Health with advances in prevention and treatment of disease, population health needs, innovative technologies such as genetic engineering, new immunizations that prevent cancers and infectious diseases, prevention of non-communicable diseases, environmental and nutritional health, and health promotion to reduce risk factors and improve healthful living for the individual and the community. Selection of the direction to be taken in organizing health services is usually based on a mix of factors, including the political view of the government, public opinion, and rational assessment of needs as indicated through epidemiological data, cost-benefit analysis, the experience of "good public health practice" from leading countries, and recommendations by expert groups. Health is a knowledge-based service industry, so that knowledge management and information technology are extremely important parts of the New Public Health, not only in patient care systems in hospitals, but also in public health delivery systems in the community, school, place of work, and home. cache = ./cache/cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318119-h0vnfcuq author = Lee, S. H. title = Site verification and modeling of desiccant-based system as an alternative to conventional air-conditioning systems for wet markets date = 2013-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4750 sentences = 223 flesch = 46 summary = A parametric study under various ventilation rates indicated that use of desiccant cooling system in wet markets in hot and humid Hong Kong would lead to energy and energy cost savings, as well as CO2 emission reduction amounting from 1% to 13%. Energy simulation based on the site survey results (including occupancy, lighting and small power densities and occupation patterns), average space air-conditions as indoor set-point conditions (25.2 C dry-bulb and 65.8% RH), building envelop details (Table 1) , and physical geometry of the wet-market were input to EnergyPlus for simulating the annual energy use of the major equipments. The study results revealed that use of desiccant cooling system in wet markets in hot and humid Hong Kong would lead to energy, energy cost and CO 2 emission reduction up to 13% when the ventilation rate is 20 L/s/person. cache = ./cache/cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-325110-cfo5f99l author = Mirchi, Nykan title = Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Re-Envisioning Surgical Education in Response to COVID-19 date = 2020-09-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1223 sentences = 73 flesch = 29 summary = Advances in high-fidelity simulations provide residents with new opportunities to practice surgical skills and mitigate the challenges faced by current training paradigms including minimal access to standardized and objective feedback. However, the development and integration of virtual reality simulation in surgical education has been limited, especially in fields involving complex bimanual operative skills such as neurosurgery. These systems, in combination with virtual reality simulators, allow important surgical training to continue even during a pandemic. [2] [3] [4] The Virtual Operative Assistant, an intelligent tutoring system powered by machine learning for neurosurgical simulation, discusses the limitations and challenges of this technology. An important factor when re-envisioning surgical education with automated teaching is how to accomplish a smooth integration of intelligent tutoring systems into current technical skills training. Artificial intelligence in medical education: best practices using machine learning to assess surgical expertise in virtual reality simulation cache = ./cache/cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321346-epsp3bbm author = Luppa, Peter B. title = Point-of-care testing (POCT): Current techniques and future perspectives date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4891 sentences = 273 flesch = 47 summary = In contrast to this centralization and increased efficiency in laboratory diagnostics, there has been a recent trend towards a more decentralized diagnostic analysis, so-called point-of-care testing (POCT), which occurs directly at patientsÕ beds, in operating theatres or outpatient clinics, or at sites of accidents. Clinical pathology as a discipline needs to be responsible for this field, since adherence to quality-management systems ensures accurate, reliable biochemical-test results for optimal patient care and safety, regardless of whether the individual test is performed in a central laboratory or as POCT at the bedside [2] . These instruments are generally more complex than unit-use machines and use different analytical principles [1] : spectrophotometric substrate and enzyme-activity measurement; hematological particle counting; immunoassay; and, sensor-based blood-gas analysis tailored for special POCT applications. cache = ./cache/cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323251-yd29gk7q author = Li, Kin Fun title = Smart home technology for telemedicine and emergency management date = 2012-05-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6634 sentences = 395 flesch = 46 summary = Using the appropriate sensing apparatus at a smart home setting, patients, elderlies and people with disabilities can have their health signals and information examined on a real-time and archival basis. The associated Borboleta system enables healthcare professionals to use PDAs (personal digital assistants) and mobile communication technologies for providing on-site home healthcare and improving the quality of public health services. One can view sensors being the foundation and communication networks as the pillars of a building, supporting various telemedicine applications under the roof to facilitate and provide a smart home environment to individuals, as shown in Fig. 1 . Applications of smart telemedicine technologies for specific diseases, emergency management, and the elderly and physically challenged, are presented in Sect. Many telemedicine systems leverage the latest mobile and wireless communication technologies as well as the widely available internet infrastructure to deliver quality services to home patients (Castro et al. cache = ./cache/cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323703-fsj736dg author = Patterson, Grace T. title = Moving health to the heart of agri-food policies; mitigating risk from our food systems date = 2020-08-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6361 sentences = 276 flesch = 42 summary = Lack of genetic diversity has become commonplace in our global food systems, within both livestock and crop production (Bennett et al., 2018; Khoury et al., 2014) , and is a risk factor for heightened susceptibility to outbreaks of plant and animal disease. Zoonotic and non-zoonotic disease outbreaks and our responses to the presence or risk of these pathogens can destabilize food systems, leading to increased food insecurity and downstream health and economic effects. Evidence-based health-agri-food policies that support access and uptake of healthy diet and exercise, particularly in communities with high inequality, can help reverse the growing trend towards obesity and minimize morbidity and mortality from infectious disease. Even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic the international community had been aware of the increasing threat from emerging zoonotic pathogens, the 'dual burden' imposed by endemic zoonoses on livestock productivity and human health, the biological and chemical hazards present in our food and the looming spectre of a post-antibiotic world. cache = ./cache/cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335166-60lfjfvs author = Hanney, Stephen R. title = How to strengthen a health research system: WHO’s review, whose literature and who is providing leadership? date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8484 sentences = 352 flesch = 45 summary = There is increasing support for the engagement of stakeholders in setting the priorities for research as well as in research processes and translation [7, 38, 51, 58, 59] Adopt monitoring and evaluation tools that focus on the objectives of the NHRS, including health system improvement A range of documents, including ones on the NIHR [24] , HRB [60] and Rwandan strategies [14] , and the World Health Report 2013 [1] , demonstrate the importance of adopting monitoring and evaluation approaches that include a focus on assessing the impacts of research on health polices/practice and the economy, e.g. through application of the Payback Framework [60, 61] Develop/participate in partnerships across regions, bilaterally or within the NHRS Examples of progress made by partnerships between countries, sometimes along with international organisations and donors, include the WAHO interventions [5, 37, 53, 54] and the work of WHO regional offices for Africa [11, 26] implemented in practice within research organisations [74] and how evidence is used in decision-making in crisis zones [75] . cache = ./cache/cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324507-w32pe2pz author = Dubé, Mirette title = COVID-19 pandemic preparation: using simulation for systems-based learning to prepare the largest healthcare workforce and system in Canada date = 2020-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5737 sentences = 224 flesch = 34 summary = Our provincial simulation program in the province of Alberta, Canada (population = 4.37 million; geographic area = 661,848 km(2)), has rapidly responded to this need by leading the intake, design, development, planning, and co-facilitation of over 400 acute care simulations across our province in both urban and rural Emergency Departments, Intensive Care Units, Operating Rooms, Labor and Delivery Units, Urgent Care Centers, Diagnostic Imaging and In-patient Units over a 5-week period to an estimated 30,000 learners of real frontline team members. The goal of this paper is to share the unique features and advantages of using a centralized provincial simulation response team, preparedness using learning and systems integration methods, and to share the highest risk and highest frequency outcomes from analyzing a mass volume of COVID-19 simulation data across the largest health authority in Canada. cache = ./cache/cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332583-5enha3g9 author = Bodine, Erin N. title = Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation in Mathematics and Biology Education date = 2020-07-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7586 sentences = 358 flesch = 44 summary = ABMs are seeing increased incorporation into both the biology and mathematics classrooms as powerful modeling tools to study processes involving substantial amounts of stochasticity, nonlinear interactions, and/or heterogeneous spatial structures. Here we present a brief synopsis of the agent-based modeling approach with an emphasis on its use to simulate biological systems, and provide a discussion of its role and limitations in both the biology and mathematics classrooms. Whether students are working with ABMs in life science or math modeling classes, it is helpful for them to learn how to read and understand flow diagrams as they are often included in research publications that use agent-based modeling. While not every student necessarily needs to take a course exclusively focused on agent-based modeling, every undergraduate biology student should have the opportunity to utilize an ABM to perform experiments and to collect and analyze data. cache = ./cache/cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330503-w1m1ci4i author = Yamin, Mohammad title = IT applications in healthcare management: a survey date = 2018-05-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3267 sentences = 200 flesch = 50 summary = Advance data transfer and management techniques have made improvements in disease diagnostic and have been a critical role in national health planning and efficient record keeping. In particular, the medical profession has undergone substantial changes through the capabilities of database management, which has given rise to the Healthcare Information Systems (HIS). According to [1] , many programs are developed with the help of AI to perform specific tasks which make use of many activities including medical diagnostic, time sharing, interactive interpreters, graphical user interfaces and the computer mouse, rapid development environments, the linked listdata structure, automatic storage management, symbolic, functional, dynamic, and object-oriented programming. Thus the first phase of the usage of information technology and systems in hospital and healthcare management was to transform paper based records to database systems. AI, Robots, VR, AR, MR, IoMT, ubiquitous medical services, and big data analytics are all directly or indirectly related to IT. Medical internet of things and big data in healthcare cache = ./cache/cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author = nan title = MONDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130043 sentences = 7330 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330560-amqs5lb6 author = Rana, Sourav title = Paradox of enrichment: A fractional differential approach with memory date = 2013-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5220 sentences = 341 flesch = 49 summary = We conclude that there is a threshold for the memory effect parameter beyond which the Rosenzweig model is stable and may be used as a potential agent to resolve PoE from a new perspective via fractional differential equations. He formulated his model using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and considered enrichment by increasing the prey-carrying capacity. In other words, fractional dynamic systems in applications can adequately represent some long-term memory and non-local effects that are typical for many anomalous processes [36] . Fractional dynamical systems adequately represent some long-term memory and these non-local effects that are typical for many anomalous processes [36] . Here we considered the Rosenzweig model of PoE to provide a plausible solution from a new perspective that considers the ecological memory that exists for most species. Equilibrium points, stability and numerical solutions of fractional-order predator-prey and rabies models cache = ./cache/cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346920-3wvo7fs3 author = Bajželj, Bojana title = The role of reducing food waste for resilient food systems date = 2020-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9896 sentences = 468 flesch = 50 summary = The concept of redundancy for example, which is considered as one of key principles of resilience (Biggs et al., 2012; Tendall et al., 2015) , can in some manifestations be in conflict with increasing efficiency, including reductions of waste, which are key strategies to achieve food sustainability (Godfray and Garnett, 2014; Bajželj et al., 2014) . Interventions targeted at household waste have the highest potential when it comes to freeing-up resources and reducing food waste related GHG emissions, and therefore, long-term resilience through stability, for two reasons: in high and middle-income settings, the volume of waste is the largest at the consumption stage, and secondly, this food has accumulated more impact as it processed through the supply chain (for example, it has been transported, stored, perhaps processed and pre-prepared). cache = ./cache/cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338512-vz0jos3f author = Katz, Rebecca title = Redefining syndromic surveillance date = 2011-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5779 sentences = 321 flesch = 39 summary = By providing an accurate and comprehensive picture of this fieldÕs capabilities, and differentiating among system types, a unified understanding of the syndromic surveillance field can be developed, encouraging the adoption, investment in, and implementation of these systems in settings that need bolstered surveillance capacity, particularly low-and middle-income countries. In addition, any other syndrome of severe illness not included in the above should be notified if an outbreak is of urgent international public health importance'' [31] ''[In developing countries,] syndromic surveillance can identify outbreaks that do not fall into pre-established diagnostic categories, a capability essential for prompt control of new or changing diseases'' [12] Southeast AsiaÕs Early Warning Outbreak Recognition System (EWORS) provides surveillance of 29 non-specific signs and symptoms, which are not grouped into specific syndromes [50] clarified by separating the definition of syndromic surveillance into two separate terms: SBS and SNS. cache = ./cache/cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340497-8l3gw6sk author = Avgoustaki, Dafni Despoina title = How energy innovation in indoor vertical farming can improve food security, sustainability, and food safety? date = 2020-09-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 18678 sentences = 745 flesch = 45 summary = This way, inside the greenhouses, farmers can develop and maintain the desired microclimate and create a more predictable environment that enhances the final plant yield, achieving higher quality and reduced water consumption compared to open field crops. Greenhouses is a type of farming that can provide the option to connect with renewable energy resources in order to increase the sustainability of such systems and the energy efficiency of the various treatments that are necessary for mass food production (Manos and Xydis, 2019) . Indoor vertical farming is an innovative type of closed plant production system that provides the opportunity of a controlled-environment agriculture, which can be controlled according to the crop regardless of the weather conditions. In addition to the hydroponic systems that recirculate the nutrient solution and benefit greenhouse cultivations, vertical farms use systems that condense and collect the water that is transpired by plants at the cooling panel of the air conditioners and continuously recycle and reuse it for irrigation. cache = ./cache/cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337218-risqto89 author = Chu, Ellen W. title = Environmental Impact, Concept and Measurement of date = 2013-02-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16635 sentences = 718 flesch = 46 summary = 107 ) sums up what he calls the hazards of human progress this way: ''Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up.'' Indeed, as the second decade of the 21st century begins, humans are ecosystem engineers on a planetary scale, and our global civilization threatens the life-sustaining capacity of all of Earth's environmental ''spheres'': But with nearly 7 billion people occupying or using resources from every place on Earth, humans are overwhelming the ability of other life-forms to make a living and depleting the planet's natural wealth. Chemicals -as varied as prescription drugs flowing out of sewage plants, pesticides, heavy metals, and cancer-causing by-products of countless manufacturing processes -now lace the world's water, soil, and air and the bodies of all living things, including humans. The list of chemicals' effects on living things is so long that chemical pollution equals humans' environmental impact in most people's minds, yet it is just one form of biotic impoverishment. cache = ./cache/cord-337218-risqto89.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337218-risqto89.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353241-ityhcak7 author = Zhu, Hanliang title = IoT PCR for pandemic disease detection and its spread monitoring date = 2020-01-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4300 sentences = 208 flesch = 54 summary = Considerable effort has been invested in the development of portable, user-friendly, and cost-effective systems for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, which could also create an Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare via a global network. Connecting the easy to use and cost-effective POC devices providing the DENV diagnoses via a mobile network would create an Internet of Things (IoT) [15] for healthcare [16, 17] , an essential tool to tackle any infectious disease outbreak. Prior to testing on an IoT PCR device, we verified the master mix performance and its values of critical threshold (C T ) and the melting temperature (T M ) using a commercial real-time PCR system (Supplementary Section A) beginning with a hot start at 95°C for 30 s followed by 40 cycles of PCR amplification consisting of DNA denaturation at 95°C for 8 s, primer annealing at 60°C for 30 s, and DNA sequence elongation at 72°C for 10 s, then followed by melting curve analysis (MCA) from 72°C to 95°C. cache = ./cache/cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337275-phgfpzbt author = Andrew, Jones title = Is Spread of COVID-19 a Chaotic Epidemic? date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3656 sentences = 196 flesch = 50 summary = Traditional compartmental epidemiological models demonstrated limited ability to predict the scale and dynamics of COVID-19 epidemic in different countries. Our mathematical examination of COVID-19 epidemic data in different countries reveals similarity of this dynamic to the chaotic behavior of many dynamics systems, such as logistic maps. In a previous study, [4] demonstrated that the coronavirus raw data in China's first two months of the disease suggest chaotic growth, similar to other epidemics like H1N1 and measles. These systems are now termed "chaotic." Unpredictability due to highly-sensitive reliance on initial conditions inspired the term "deterministic chaos." After Poincaré's studies, the deterministic chaotic behavior was discovered in numerous dynamical systems and confirmed experimentally [15, 6, 2, 20] . Through use of an interactive data map, it was shown that the spread of COVID-19 exhibits the major characteristics of chaotic systems, namely, determinism, high sensitivity, large number of equilibria, and unpredictability. cache = ./cache/cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354941-0ocsf255 author = Amorin‐Woods, Deisy title = Family Therapy and COVID‐19: International Reflections during the Pandemic from Systemic Therapists across the Globe date = 2020-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10005 sentences = 523 flesch = 59 summary = This paper offers a collection of reflections by systemic and family therapists from diverse cultures and contexts penned in the midst of the pandemic. I felt as if these early collections merged into one, represent the 'holding, healing space' that we as therapists need, before we dare consider what life may look like on the 'other side.' Without this, how could we support our clients in putting themselves, their families, and their lives back together, in even contemplating what a world of 'functionality' or 'normality' may look like? It is crucial that we are able to name and process our experiences in order to support our Global Family Therapists reflect on COVID-19 ª 2020 Australian Association of Family Therapy clients to do the same, in order to provide the holding space they need, and joining-in with them (Minuchin, 1974) . cache = ./cache/cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-347566-8x4vwarn author = Klerkx, Laurens title = Supporting food systems transformation: The what, why, who, where and how of mission-oriented agricultural innovation systems date = 2020-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6387 sentences = 335 flesch = 39 summary = We review pertinent literature from innovation, transition and policy sciences, and argue that a mission-oriented agricultural innovation systems (MAIS) approach can help understand how agricultural innovation systems at different geographical scales develop to enable food systems transformation, in terms of forces, catalysts, and barriers in transformative food systems change. We argue that studying AIS as a 'mission-oriented agricultural innovation system' (MAIS) would enable a better understanding of forces, interactions, catalysts, barriers in transformative food systems change, as so far studies on AIS have rarely engaged with issues such as directionality, power, and the diversity of food systems futures (Hall and Dijkman, 2019; Pigford et al., 2018; Mier et al., 2018) . cache = ./cache/cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323973-wszo9s3d author = Zhu, Hanliang title = The vision of point-of-care PCR tests for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond date = 2020-07-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9784 sentences = 493 flesch = 50 summary = [9] The analysis of larger volumes of biological fluids with a low viral load is likely to reduce the risk of false-negative results, but microfluidic point-of-care (POC) devices are typically unable to handle mL-scale volumes in a short time due to the requirement of slow flow rates. [15] The PCR test on samples prepared from blood and urine specimens is capable of detecting the virus in the early stages of the disease, resulting in early diagnosis and subsequent isolation of infected patients to block transmission. The total reaction time depends on a series of parameters, such as the chip size, the PCR master mix volume determining the value of C, the thermal conductivity of the substrate (G), and the temperature cycling rate. A number of fully integrated systems have so far been developed, starting with the non-portable GenExpert from Cepheid, which was first utilized for anthrax detection by the United States Postal Service, [64] and then with different primers to perform HIV and tuberculosis diagnostics in South Africa. cache = ./cache/cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-347241-9jn5agir author = Shahzad, Arfan title = Effects of COVID-19 in E-learning on higher education institution students: the group comparison between male and female date = 2020-08-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6067 sentences = 352 flesch = 47 summary = This study focuses on comparisons between male and female counterparts on E-learning portal usage among university students during the COVID-2019 period. The current study focuses on the male and female user satisfaction and E-learning system use toward the E-learning portal success of the Malaysian universities. The purpose of the present study to investigate the effect of information quality, system quality, and service quality toward user satisfaction and E-learning system use impact on the E-learning portal success. In the present research, the comparison between male and female students is measured based on E-learning portal success. In this model, the "system Quality" construct depicts "technical success." In contrast, the "Information quality" variable demonstrate "semantic success," while the other four elements "use," "user satisfaction," "individual impact," and "organizational impact" show "effectiveness success." Therefore, this study focus on male students' comparison with female students on the E-learning portal. cache = ./cache/cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt txt = ./txt/cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355130-a2jc1g0i author = Shrivastava, Paul title = Transforming Sustainability Science to Generate Positive Social and Environmental Change Globally date = 2020-04-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8681 sentences = 457 flesch = 39 summary = These universal agreements reflect a global consensus to address climate change and strive for sustainable and balanced social and economic development that promotes the well-being of socio-ecological systems. In this Perspective, we argue that in order to generate positive social and environmental changes globally, sustainability science must transform into a transdisciplinary enterprise. The evolution of what is now known as sustainability science has been important, but clearly it is not yet enough to play a pivotal role in social transformations needed for human preservation in the face of accelerating changes of the Anthropocene. Not only has failure to integrate important insights from the social sciences and environmental humanities limited the perceived ''solution space'' for responding to global challenges, but sustainability science has also failed to engage with the ''how'' of transformative change. cache = ./cache/cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349831-0u9y35qo author = Ellis, George F. R. title = The Causal Closure of Physics in Real World Contexts date = 2020-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15740 sentences = 965 flesch = 60 summary = Secondly, I show that causal closure in the hierarchy of emergence is a strictly interlevel affair, and in the cases of engineering and biology encompasses all levels from the social level to the particle physics level. In particular, the particle physics level is not causally complete by itself in the contexts of solid state physics (because of interlevel wave–particle duality), digital computers (where algorithms determine outcomes), or biology (because of time dependent constraints). Here I want to examine the issue in a different way, by dealing in some detail with the hierarchical nature of emergence in real world contexts: the cases of engineering, based in the underlying solid state physics, and biology, based in the underlying molecular biology, in turn based in the underlying physics. Effective Causal Closure in real world contexts spans many levels, in the case of biology reaching down from the level of the organism to the underlying physics via time dependent constraints. cache = ./cache/cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author = nan title = Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date = 2005-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6346 sentences = 501 flesch = 44 summary = cache = ./cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt txt = ./txt/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-356353-e6jb0sex author = Fourcade, Marion title = Loops, ladders and links: the recursivity of social and machine learning date = 2020-08-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14364 sentences = 644 flesch = 42 summary = Both practices rely upon and reinforce a pervasive appetite for digital input or feedback that we characterize as "data hunger." They also share a propensity to assemble insight and make meaning accretively-a propensity that we denote here as "world or meaning accretion." Throughout this article, we probe the dynamic interaction of social and machine learning by drawing examples from one genre of online social contention and connection in which the pervasive influence of machine learning is evident: namely, that which occurs across social media channels and platforms. In such settings, the data accretion upon which machine learning depends for the development of granular insights-and, on social media platforms, associated auctioning and targeting of advertising-compounds the cumulative, sedimentary effect of social data, making negative impressions generated by "revenge porn," or by one's online identity having been fraudulently coopted, hard to displace or renew. cache = ./cache/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt txt = ./txt/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336599-r8xgnz87 author = Yaacoub, Jean-Paul A. title = Cyber-Physical Systems Security: Limitations, Issues and Future Trends date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 22485 sentences = 1405 flesch = 45 summary = However, none of the existing works presented a comprehensive view of CPS security in terms of threats, vulnerabilities, and attacks based on the targeted domain (cyber, physical, or hybrid). • Jamming: In this case, attackers usually aim at changing the device's state and the expected operations to cause Sold with PLC-like features Digital computers designed for output arrangements and multiple inputs Electronic device controlled by a microprocessor Automates electro-mechanical processes Interfaces SCADA physical objects Physical media with process, relays, motion control and networking Uses supervisory system messages to control objects Does support control loops and algorithms Does not support control loops and algorithms Immune to electrical noise, resistant to vibration Low to null immunity against electrical noise and vibration Suitable for local geographical areas Suitable for wider geographical telemetry areas Mainly IEC Standards Wired/Wireless Communications damage by launching waves of de-authentication or wireless jamming signals, which would result into denial of device and system services [73] . cache = ./cache/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353787-24c98ug8 author = Jackson, J. A. title = Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date = 2015-04-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8770 sentences = 333 flesch = 26 summary = Measurement of immune expression may help define individual heterogeneity in infectious disease susceptibility and transmission and facilitate our understanding of infection dynamics and risk in the natural environment; furthermore, it may provide a means of surveillance that can filter individuals carrying previously unknown acute infections of potential ecological or zoonotic importance. Potentiating much of this is the possibility of combining gene expression profiles with analytical tools derived from ecology and systems biology to reverse engineer interaction networks between immune responses, other organismal traits and the environment (including symbiont exposures), revealing regulatory architecture. Studies in wild field voles, briefly reviewed below, have aimed to identify distributional infection patterns associated with different antipathogen strategies in natural populations and to link these to expression signatures in immune-relevant genes. cache = ./cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324944-ixh3ykrc author = Mitsakakis, Konstantinos title = Diagnostic tools for tackling febrile illness and enhancing patient management date = 2018-12-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 20805 sentences = 961 flesch = 45 summary = This review gives an overview of diagnostic technologies featuring a platform based approach: (i) assay (nucleic acid amplification technologies are examined); (ii) cartridge (microfluidic technologies are presented); (iii) instrument (various detection technologies are discussed); and at the end proposes a way that such technologies can be interfaced with electronic clinical decision-making algorithms towards a broad and complete diagnostic ecosystem. In studies that have recorded the clinical presentation of patients (and not only their laboratory results), the causes of fever in outpatients could be classified into four main syndromes: 1) acute respiratory infections (ARI, of any type); 2) diarrhea (gastroenteritis); 3) fever with another clear focus (e.g. meningitis or skin infection); and 4) non-specific fevers [13] (each diagnostic platform described in Section 5 focuses on at least one of the aforementioned cases). cache = ./cache/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010119-t1x9gknd author = nan title = Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date = 2017-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 230193 sentences = 13234 flesch = 55 summary = Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). cache = ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-016564-od9mf2f2 cord-125402-9l4k3fle cord-004584-bcw90f5b cord-263450-v6vdg8os cord-008777-i2reanan cord-354941-0ocsf255 Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-016564-od9mf2f2 cord-012370-omz7kibf cord-002474-2l31d7ew cord-018723-qd9ps3zb cord-011871-hlykwius cord-013377-d4tbf05a cord-005078-gr2vioor cord-005191-a70eedna cord-018336-6fh69mk4 cord-024343-mrri46oh cord-007708-hr4smx24 cord-005384-204jch3h cord-021081-yqu1ykc9 cord-120017-vsoc9v85 cord-017621-pyn1enz2 cord-020130-g9p5lgmn cord-195224-7zfq0kxm cord-015697-j22q89l9 cord-026881-57mx3thr cord-102383-m5ahicqb cord-018902-oninjtsn cord-018038-gqdylj6n cord-027118-2xm8nkmi cord-018947-d4im0p9e cord-018917-7px75s3c cord-125402-9l4k3fle cord-029290-vf5qebso cord-253548-izya7nws cord-025927-caoklx9l cord-027120-w6agcu63 cord-033137-xezwbs4f cord-024088-020rgz5t cord-004995-5jmjejbp cord-257623-j8dqvbqw cord-031232-6cv8n2bf cord-134378-p83nhiz9 cord-257633-wrem38ex cord-103435-yufvt44t cord-016192-xc4ae7c1 cord-023104-dpftawj3 cord-032492-2av9kl1c cord-027700-dezg4155 cord-016912-vnx74hft cord-259958-46e7xb7b cord-027721-hpzs6fvf cord-020896-yrocw53j cord-021248-ui1di3qa cord-005350-19za0msu cord-268193-xwptzgvl cord-028866-ci3ypbq8 cord-032561-x3qbqy69 cord-223669-hs5pfg4b cord-264974-hspek930 cord-018688-gvk9uazp cord-029880-mhmvc0kq cord-017841-57rm046y cord-025337-lkv75bgf cord-017062-dkw2sugl cord-027885-ua8miwes cord-010406-uwt95kk8 cord-209166-1drg5gzp cord-010681-tmpxs9og cord-017543-60q9iecq cord-024329-r8mi42fu cord-032466-1nfp1hcs cord-133273-kvyzuayp cord-103490-cy6db8bf cord-176677-exej3zwh cord-189096-85v2jgx0 cord-004584-bcw90f5b cord-183016-ajwnihk6 cord-130507-baheh8i5 cord-265410-khwzdi79 cord-029674-qcu7vm05 cord-256408-bf79lj4f cord-269821-j4w084u2 cord-027101-6wq1wqh3 cord-237721-rhcvsqtk cord-212813-yrca1hij cord-164916-v5w6senz cord-027387-5ga212w8 cord-023913-pnjhi8cu cord-276218-dcg9oq6y cord-255036-vpw40g40 cord-269200-9h2mmp0j cord-260985-ria9v2p6 cord-286438-jz7gktaz cord-277918-a2iisve0 cord-263450-v6vdg8os cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 cord-267978-05hxrpi1 cord-284934-mkxfa2nr cord-287765-nsdequl9 cord-292024-ae7rauc6 cord-263261-xhem8l39 cord-264749-m1awr1rm cord-296253-bxyzhsfs cord-030026-4jew57ce cord-027304-a0vva8kb cord-294784-r84td2i0 cord-291786-66c8xta0 cord-290856-6de0mwg0 cord-292623-mxdlii77 cord-296129-rkadl46r cord-290448-oeeg754b cord-286858-zbhtl2yn cord-262719-onjxtixk cord-290139-b02eghd4 cord-299884-wp4ehemj cord-301117-egd1gxby cord-300467-zht8olyh cord-314779-f5nvspcg cord-304013-nzigx0k0 cord-298064-itxuyetu cord-008777-i2reanan cord-302848-a246wl7f cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-302879-ao0n3x9b cord-318509-zwb758cg cord-289775-40bi87iz cord-325445-80p6wthw cord-310872-2z1wnj63 cord-326220-uosjmht0 cord-311651-v2ff33jd cord-311868-40bri19f cord-322511-hnvqvajx cord-318119-h0vnfcuq cord-304070-jw1lxwyd cord-333599-hl11ln2r cord-325110-cfo5f99l cord-311558-1y6z8qso cord-310288-onr700ue cord-309379-ml75kvl5 cord-323251-yd29gk7q cord-314275-twjaq5do cord-319828-9ru9lh0c cord-323703-fsj736dg cord-294877-bbs8a8jz cord-335166-60lfjfvs cord-332583-5enha3g9 cord-280459-y0tbvs3t cord-324507-w32pe2pz cord-330503-w1m1ci4i cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-321346-epsp3bbm cord-330560-amqs5lb6 cord-337325-h9l7yy5z cord-326210-216atclj cord-351490-2fx0w30u cord-346920-3wvo7fs3 cord-332432-q7u943k6 cord-338512-vz0jos3f cord-336621-0w3rroir cord-340497-8l3gw6sk cord-337218-risqto89 cord-337275-phgfpzbt cord-354941-0ocsf255 cord-353241-ityhcak7 cord-347566-8x4vwarn cord-324656-6xq5rs0u cord-355130-a2jc1g0i cord-323973-wszo9s3d cord-347241-9jn5agir cord-349831-0u9y35qo cord-336599-r8xgnz87 cord-349581-o320ogmg cord-356062-7q5n4t97 cord-356353-e6jb0sex cord-353787-24c98ug8 cord-324944-ixh3ykrc cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-012370-omz7kibf cord-018723-qd9ps3zb cord-011871-hlykwius cord-005384-204jch3h cord-007708-hr4smx24 cord-195224-7zfq0kxm cord-026881-57mx3thr cord-102383-m5ahicqb cord-029290-vf5qebso cord-253548-izya7nws cord-025927-caoklx9l cord-033137-xezwbs4f cord-257633-wrem38ex cord-103435-yufvt44t cord-027700-dezg4155 cord-021248-ui1di3qa cord-264974-hspek930 cord-025337-lkv75bgf cord-010681-tmpxs9og cord-189096-85v2jgx0 cord-004584-bcw90f5b cord-029674-qcu7vm05 cord-237721-rhcvsqtk cord-023913-pnjhi8cu cord-263450-v6vdg8os cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 cord-267978-05hxrpi1 cord-263261-xhem8l39 cord-264749-m1awr1rm cord-291786-66c8xta0 cord-310288-onr700ue cord-326220-uosjmht0 cord-311868-40bri19f cord-322511-hnvqvajx cord-301117-egd1gxby cord-304070-jw1lxwyd cord-333599-hl11ln2r cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-332583-5enha3g9 cord-330503-w1m1ci4i cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-324507-w32pe2pz cord-324656-6xq5rs0u cord-337325-h9l7yy5z cord-340497-8l3gw6sk cord-353241-ityhcak7 cord-347566-8x4vwarn cord-355130-a2jc1g0i cord-324944-ixh3ykrc cord-008777-i2reanan cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-016564-od9mf2f2 cord-012370-omz7kibf cord-002474-2l31d7ew cord-018723-qd9ps3zb cord-011871-hlykwius cord-013377-d4tbf05a cord-005078-gr2vioor cord-005191-a70eedna cord-018336-6fh69mk4 cord-024343-mrri46oh cord-005384-204jch3h cord-007708-hr4smx24 cord-021081-yqu1ykc9 cord-120017-vsoc9v85 cord-017621-pyn1enz2 cord-020130-g9p5lgmn cord-195224-7zfq0kxm cord-015697-j22q89l9 cord-026881-57mx3thr cord-102383-m5ahicqb cord-018902-oninjtsn cord-018038-gqdylj6n cord-027118-2xm8nkmi cord-018947-d4im0p9e cord-018917-7px75s3c cord-125402-9l4k3fle cord-029290-vf5qebso 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cord-353787-24c98ug8 cord-340497-8l3gw6sk cord-336599-r8xgnz87 cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-012370-omz7kibf cord-018723-qd9ps3zb cord-016564-od9mf2f2 cord-002474-2l31d7ew cord-011871-hlykwius cord-005078-gr2vioor cord-013377-d4tbf05a cord-018336-6fh69mk4 cord-005191-a70eedna cord-024343-mrri46oh cord-007708-hr4smx24 cord-005384-204jch3h cord-120017-vsoc9v85 cord-021081-yqu1ykc9 cord-017621-pyn1enz2 cord-020130-g9p5lgmn cord-195224-7zfq0kxm cord-015697-j22q89l9 cord-026881-57mx3thr cord-102383-m5ahicqb cord-018902-oninjtsn cord-018038-gqdylj6n cord-027118-2xm8nkmi cord-018917-7px75s3c cord-125402-9l4k3fle cord-018947-d4im0p9e cord-029290-vf5qebso cord-253548-izya7nws cord-025927-caoklx9l cord-027120-w6agcu63 cord-004995-5jmjejbp cord-031232-6cv8n2bf cord-257623-j8dqvbqw cord-134378-p83nhiz9 cord-103435-yufvt44t cord-257633-wrem38ex cord-024088-020rgz5t cord-032492-2av9kl1c cord-016192-xc4ae7c1 cord-027700-dezg4155 cord-023104-dpftawj3 cord-259958-46e7xb7b cord-016912-vnx74hft cord-027721-hpzs6fvf cord-021248-ui1di3qa cord-020896-yrocw53j cord-005350-19za0msu cord-268193-xwptzgvl cord-223669-hs5pfg4b cord-033137-xezwbs4f cord-028866-ci3ypbq8 cord-264974-hspek930 cord-018688-gvk9uazp cord-017841-57rm046y cord-029880-mhmvc0kq cord-025337-lkv75bgf cord-017062-dkw2sugl cord-027885-ua8miwes cord-209166-1drg5gzp cord-010406-uwt95kk8 cord-017543-60q9iecq cord-010681-tmpxs9og cord-024329-r8mi42fu cord-103490-cy6db8bf cord-032561-x3qbqy69 cord-032466-1nfp1hcs cord-189096-85v2jgx0 cord-176677-exej3zwh cord-130507-baheh8i5 cord-183016-ajwnihk6 cord-265410-khwzdi79 cord-029674-qcu7vm05 cord-269821-j4w084u2 cord-256408-bf79lj4f cord-027101-6wq1wqh3 cord-212813-yrca1hij cord-237721-rhcvsqtk cord-027387-5ga212w8 cord-286438-jz7gktaz cord-164916-v5w6senz cord-269200-9h2mmp0j cord-263450-v6vdg8os cord-276218-dcg9oq6y cord-267978-05hxrpi1 cord-133273-kvyzuayp cord-287765-nsdequl9 cord-284934-mkxfa2nr cord-296253-bxyzhsfs cord-255036-vpw40g40 cord-292024-ae7rauc6 cord-263261-xhem8l39 cord-264749-m1awr1rm cord-023913-pnjhi8cu cord-290856-6de0mwg0 cord-030026-4jew57ce cord-277918-a2iisve0 cord-260985-ria9v2p6 cord-291786-66c8xta0 cord-294784-r84td2i0 cord-296129-rkadl46r cord-290448-oeeg754b cord-292623-mxdlii77 cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 cord-286858-zbhtl2yn cord-294877-bbs8a8jz cord-262719-onjxtixk cord-280459-y0tbvs3t cord-299884-wp4ehemj cord-290139-b02eghd4 cord-310288-onr700ue cord-027304-a0vva8kb cord-301117-egd1gxby cord-304013-nzigx0k0 cord-311558-1y6z8qso cord-004584-bcw90f5b cord-298064-itxuyetu cord-302879-ao0n3x9b cord-325445-80p6wthw cord-318509-zwb758cg cord-300467-zht8olyh cord-326220-uosjmht0 cord-311651-v2ff33jd cord-310872-2z1wnj63 cord-304070-jw1lxwyd cord-302848-a246wl7f cord-322511-hnvqvajx cord-314779-f5nvspcg cord-289775-40bi87iz cord-318119-h0vnfcuq cord-325110-cfo5f99l cord-311868-40bri19f cord-321346-epsp3bbm cord-323251-yd29gk7q cord-309379-ml75kvl5 cord-314275-twjaq5do cord-333599-hl11ln2r cord-319828-9ru9lh0c cord-335166-60lfjfvs cord-332583-5enha3g9 cord-330503-w1m1ci4i cord-324507-w32pe2pz cord-330560-amqs5lb6 cord-324656-6xq5rs0u cord-337325-h9l7yy5z cord-326210-216atclj cord-351490-2fx0w30u cord-332432-q7u943k6 cord-349581-o320ogmg cord-346920-3wvo7fs3 cord-338512-vz0jos3f cord-336621-0w3rroir cord-323703-fsj736dg cord-337275-phgfpzbt cord-353241-ityhcak7 cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-337218-risqto89 cord-323973-wszo9s3d cord-340497-8l3gw6sk cord-347241-9jn5agir cord-347566-8x4vwarn cord-356062-7q5n4t97 cord-355130-a2jc1g0i cord-354941-0ocsf255 cord-353787-24c98ug8 cord-356353-e6jb0sex cord-336599-r8xgnz87 cord-349831-0u9y35qo cord-324944-ixh3ykrc cord-008777-i2reanan cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-023364-ut56gczm cord-023354-f2ciho6o cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 number of items: 172 sum of words: 1,841,501 average size in words: 17,878 average readability score: 45 nouns: system; blood; systems; health; data; patients; time; results; transfusion; information; cell; cells; study; use; analysis; donors; model; process; disease; methods; level; care; production; number; patient; method; risk; group; detection; samples; case; research; development; control; approach; quality; food; platelet; cases; plasma; units; studies; models; protein; order; example; work; management; population; products verbs: using; based; included; showed; provided; done; increasing; developing; made; performing; required; found; reducing; identify; following; needs; given; compared; led; consider; takes; allowed; tested; detect; determined; improve; presents; reported; related; obtained; see; associated; producing; evaluated; apply; results; described; became; defines; involving; known; studied; cause; existed; observed; achieved; propose; occur; support; create adjectives: different; high; new; human; positive; anti; many; specific; clinical; social; important; low; non; medical; large; significant; first; public; higher; possible; single; negative; available; several; various; complex; red; global; effective; real; biological; current; small; multiple; local; major; common; national; molecular; whole; potential; key; infectious; critical; natural; general; similar; economic; early; individual adverbs: also; well; however; even; often; therefore; significantly; still; respectively; especially; now; highly; rather; currently; recently; usually; together; first; already; particularly; directly; much; furthermore; finally; previously; fully; moreover; just; generally; less; potentially; mainly; n't; prior; relatively; always; far; yet; widely; approximately; rapidly; hence; almost; specifically; additionally; instead; typically; later; effectively; successfully pronouns: we; it; their; they; our; its; them; i; us; one; he; his; you; itself; her; themselves; she; your; my; me; ourselves; him; himself; 's; herself; oneself; s; p210bcr; myself; u; yourself; p24ag; pseudonyms; ours; igg4; em; c5.24xlarge; broader; −; ζ; δs; you're; ya; xðnÞ; theirs; thee; t,2; srbcs; sngr; sce- proper nouns: •; RBC; Health; PCR; C; Fig; HCV; University; Study; Background; Design; Blood; Case; Studies; AI; US; COVID-19; T; A; System; Hb; RNA; M; D; RHD; National; HBV; S; Institute; HLA; B; pH; Department; Table; Transfusion; SARS; ABO; United; Rh; HIV; Earth; Center; Systems; Research; RFID; DNA; K; NAT; II; States keywords: system; health; cell; covid-19; patient; model; dna; pcr; datum; disease; study; result; information; rna; human; food; earth; social; user; test; method; hla; change; care; water; university; united; transfusion; security; sars; sample; rhd; rbc; production; process; platelet; nat; level; immune; hospital; hiv; hcv; hbv; ffp; donor; detection; dat; crisis; case; blood one topic; one dimension: system file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120896/ titles(s): Online Monitoring Technologies For Drinking Water Systems Security three topics; one dimension: system; blood; cell file(s): https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.14662v1.pdf, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169338/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080017/ titles(s): The State of AI Ethics Report (June 2020) | EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS | Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary five topics; three dimensions: system health systems; blood transfusion patients; system systems food; cell protein using; dental disease system file(s): https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128045718000317, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169338/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123847034004366, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080017/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504550/ titles(s): Bismarck and the Long Road to Universal Health Coverage | EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS | 4.25 Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies to Reduce Climate Vulnerabilities and Maintain Ecosystem Services | Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary | Stimulus-Responsive Nanomedicines for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Type: cord title: keyword-system-cord date: 2021-05-25 time: 17:02 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: keywords:system ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-290856-6de0mwg0 author: Abbo, Aharon (Ronnie) title: Technological Developments and Strategic Management for Overcoming the COVID-19 Challenge within the Hospital Setting in Israel date: 2020-07-31 words: 4152.0 sentences: 188.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-290856-6de0mwg0.txt summary: A second key component of this challenge was the overwhelming surge in patient burden and the relative lack of trained staff and medical equipment which required rapid re-organization of large systems and augmenting health care efficiencies to unprecedented levels. This review article describes the early research and development response in Israel under the scope of in-hospital patient care, such as non-contact sensing of patients'' vital signs, and how it could potentially be weaved into a practical big picture at the hospital or national level using a strategic management system. This review article describes the early research and development response in Israel under the scope of in-hospital patient care, and how it could potentially be weaved into a practical strategic big picture that could help confront the next wave or any upcoming health crisis. The C 4 I™ system is a command and control tactical system integrating computing, communication, and intelligence information (for health care applications this applies for patient sensors), developed for military use by Elbit Systems. abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has remarkably challenged health care organizations and societies. A key strategy for confronting the disease implications on individuals and communities was based on harnessing multidisciplinary efforts to develop technologies for mitigating the disease spread and its deleterious clinical implications. One of the main challenging characteristics of COVID-19 is the provision of medical care to patients with a highly infective disease mandating the use of isolation measures. Such care is complicated by the need for complex critical care, dynamic treatment guidelines, and a vague knowledge regarding the disease’s pathophysiology. A second key component of this challenge was the overwhelming surge in patient burden and the relative lack of trained staff and medical equipment which required rapid re-organization of large systems and augmenting health care efficiencies to unprecedented levels. In contrast to the risk management strategies employed to mitigate other serious threats and the billions of dollars that are invested in reducing these risks annually by governments around the world, no such preparation has been shown to be of effect during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Unmet needs were identified within the newly opened COVID-19 departments together with the urgent need for reliable information for effective decision-making at the state level. This review article describes the early research and development response in Israel under the scope of in-hospital patient care, such as non-contact sensing of patients’ vital signs, and how it could potentially be weaved into a practical big picture at the hospital or national level using a strategic management system. At this stage, some of the described technologies are still in developmental or clinical evidence generation phases with respect to COVID-19 settings. While waiting for future publications describing the results of the ongoing evidence generation efforts, one should be aware of this trend as these emerging tools have the potential to further benefit patients as well as caregivers and health care systems beyond the scope of the current pandemic as well as confronting future surges in the number of cases. url: https://doi.org/10.5041/rmmj.10417 doi: 10.5041/rmmj.10417 id: cord-027304-a0vva8kb author: Achermann, Guillem title: An Information-Theoretic and Dissipative Systems Approach to the Study of Knowledge Diffusion and Emerging Complexity in Innovation Systems date: 2020-05-23 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The paper applies information theory and the theory of dissipative systems to discuss the emergence of complexity in an innovation system, as a result of its adaptation to an uneven distribution of the cognitive distance between its members. By modelling, on one hand, cognitive distance as noise, and, on the other hand, the inefficiencies linked to a bad flow of information as costs, we propose a model of the dynamics by which a horizontal network evolves into a hierarchical network, with some members emerging as intermediaries in the transfer of knowledge between seekers and problem-solvers. Our theoretical model contributes to the understanding of the evolution of an innovation system by explaining how the increased complexity of the system can be thermodynamically justified by purely internal factors. Complementing previous studies, we demonstrate mathematically that the complexity of an innovation system can increase not only to address the complexity of the problems that the system has to solve, but also to improve the performance of the system in transferring the knowledge needed to find a solution. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7303723/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-50423-6_19 id: cord-020896-yrocw53j author: Agarwal, Mansi title: MEMIS: Multimodal Emergency Management Information System date: 2020-03-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The recent upsurge in the usage of social media and the multimedia data generated therein has attracted many researchers for analyzing and decoding the information to automate decision-making in several fields. This work focuses on one such application: disaster management in times of crises and calamities. The existing research on disaster damage analysis has primarily taken only unimodal information in the form of text or image into account. These unimodal systems, although useful, fail to model the relationship between the various modalities. Different modalities often present supporting facts about the task, and therefore, learning them together can enhance performance. We present MEMIS, a system that can be used in emergencies like disasters to identify and analyze the damage indicated by user-generated multimodal social media posts, thereby helping the disaster management groups in making informed decisions. Our leave-one-disaster-out experiments on a multimodal dataset suggest that not only does fusing information in different media forms improves performance, but that our system can also generalize well to new disaster categories. Further qualitative analysis reveals that the system is responsive and computationally efficient. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7148216/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-45439-5_32 id: cord-269200-9h2mmp0j author: Al-Azri, Nasser Hammad title: Antifragility Amid the COVID-19 Crisis: Making healthcare systems thrive through generic organisational skills date: 2020-10-05 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2020.20.03.001 doi: 10.18295/squmj.2020.20.03.001 id: cord-354941-0ocsf255 author: Amorin‐Woods, Deisy title: Family Therapy and COVID‐19: International Reflections during the Pandemic from Systemic Therapists across the Globe date: 2020-06-08 words: 10005.0 sentences: 523.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354941-0ocsf255.txt summary: This paper offers a collection of reflections by systemic and family therapists from diverse cultures and contexts penned in the midst of the pandemic. I felt as if these early collections merged into one, represent the ''holding, healing space'' that we as therapists need, before we dare consider what life may look like on the ''other side.'' Without this, how could we support our clients in putting themselves, their families, and their lives back together, in even contemplating what a world of ''functionality'' or ''normality'' may look like? It is crucial that we are able to name and process our experiences in order to support our Global Family Therapists reflect on COVID-19 ª 2020 Australian Association of Family Therapy clients to do the same, in order to provide the holding space they need, and joining-in with them (Minuchin, 1974) . abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has convulsed human communities across the globe like no previous event in history. Family therapists, paradoxically, given the core of their work is with systems, are also experiencing upheaval in professional and personal lives, trying to work amidst a society in chaos. This paper offers a collection of reflections by systemic and family therapists from diverse cultures and contexts penned in the midst of the pandemic. The main intention in distilling these narratives is to preserve the ‘cultural diversity’ and ‘ecological position’ of the contributors, guided by phenomenology, cultural ecology, and systemic worldviews of ‘experiencing.’ The second intention is to ‘unite’ promoting solidarity in this isolating situation by bringing each story together, creating its own metaphor of a family: united, connected, stronger. As a cross‐cultural family practitioner, with a strong mission for collaboration, the lead author acknowledges the importance of Context – the nation and location of the experience; Culture – the manner in which culture impacts on experience; Collaboration – enhancing partnership, enriching knowledge, and mapping the journey’s direction; and Connectedness – combating isolation while enhancing unity. Since the key transmission of culture is through language, raw reflections were sought initially in the practitioners’ own language, which were translated for an English‐speaking readership. These narratives are honest and rich descriptions of the authors’ lived experiences, diverse and distinctive. The contributors trust colleagues will find these reflections helpful, validating and acknowledging the challenges of this unique period in history. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1416 doi: 10.1002/anzf.1416 id: cord-337275-phgfpzbt author: Andrew, Jones title: Is Spread of COVID-19 a Chaotic Epidemic? date: 2020-10-20 words: 3656.0 sentences: 196.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337275-phgfpzbt.txt summary: Traditional compartmental epidemiological models demonstrated limited ability to predict the scale and dynamics of COVID-19 epidemic in different countries. Our mathematical examination of COVID-19 epidemic data in different countries reveals similarity of this dynamic to the chaotic behavior of many dynamics systems, such as logistic maps. In a previous study, [4] demonstrated that the coronavirus raw data in China''s first two months of the disease suggest chaotic growth, similar to other epidemics like H1N1 and measles. These systems are now termed "chaotic." Unpredictability due to highly-sensitive reliance on initial conditions inspired the term "deterministic chaos." After Poincaré''s studies, the deterministic chaotic behavior was discovered in numerous dynamical systems and confirmed experimentally [15, 6, 2, 20] . Through use of an interactive data map, it was shown that the spread of COVID-19 exhibits the major characteristics of chaotic systems, namely, determinism, high sensitivity, large number of equilibria, and unpredictability. abstract: The COVID-19 epidemic challenges humanity in 2020. It has already taken an enormous number of human lives and had a substantial negative economic impact. Traditional compartmental epidemiological models demonstrated limited ability to predict the scale and dynamics of COVID-19 epidemic in different countries. In order to gain a deeper understanding of its behavior, we turn to chaotic dynamics, which proved fruitful in analyzing previous diseases such as measles. We hypothesize that the unpredictability of the pandemic could be a fundamental property if the disease spread is a chaotic dynamical system. Our mathematical examination of COVID-19 epidemic data in different countries reveals similarity of this dynamic to the chaotic behavior of many dynamics systems, such as logistic maps. We conclude that the data does suggest that the COVID-19 epidemic demonstrates chaotic behavior, which should be taken into account by public policy makers. Furthermore, the scale and behavior of the epidemic may be essentially unpredictable due to the properties of chaotic systems, rather than due to the limited data available for model parameterization. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110376 doi: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110376 id: cord-292623-mxdlii77 author: Arji, Goli title: Fuzzy logic approach for infectious disease diagnosis: A methodical evaluation, literature and classification date: 2019-09-26 words: 6116.0 sentences: 402.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292623-mxdlii77.txt summary: So, the major objective of the current study is to examine the researches in which fuzzy logic techniques have been applied in infectious diseases so to determining its trends and methods, through the processes of conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). In this methodical review, the studies related to the employment of the fuzzy logic techniques in an infectious disease were assessed, and depending on the acquired outcomes, we can notice an interest amongst the researchers regarding this specific field of research. 40 studies were scrutinized and the main conclusions can be briefed as follows: (1) the key application field of the fuzzy logic in an infectious disease was related to dengue fever, hepatitis and tuberculosis, (2) amongst the fuzzy logic techniques fuzzy inference system, rule-based fuzzy logic, ANFIS and fuzzy cognitive map are commonly used in many studies, and (3) the major performance evaluation indicators such as the sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy the ROC curve is employed. abstract: This paper presents a systematic review of the literature and the classification of fuzzy logic application in an infectious disease. Although the emergence of infectious diseases and their subsequent spread have a significant impact on global health and economics, a comprehensive literature evaluation of this topic has yet to be carried out. Thus, the current study encompasses the first systematic, identifiable and comprehensive academic literature evaluation and classification of the fuzzy logic methods in infectious diseases. 40 papers on this topic, which have been published from 2005 to 2019 and related to the human infectious diseases were evaluated and analyzed. The findings of this evaluation clearly show that the fuzzy logic methods are vastly used for diagnosis of diseases such as dengue fever, hepatitis and tuberculosis. The key fuzzy logic methods used for the infectious disease are the fuzzy inference system; the rule-based fuzzy logic, Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and fuzzy cognitive map. Furthermore, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve were universally applied for a performance evaluation of the fuzzy logic techniques. This thesis will also address the various needs between the different industries, practitioners and researchers to encourage more research regarding the more overlooked areas, and it will conclude with several suggestions for the future infectious disease researches. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbe.2019.09.004 doi: 10.1016/j.bbe.2019.09.004 id: cord-340497-8l3gw6sk author: Avgoustaki, Dafni Despoina title: How energy innovation in indoor vertical farming can improve food security, sustainability, and food safety? date: 2020-09-25 words: 18678.0 sentences: 745.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340497-8l3gw6sk.txt summary: This way, inside the greenhouses, farmers can develop and maintain the desired microclimate and create a more predictable environment that enhances the final plant yield, achieving higher quality and reduced water consumption compared to open field crops. Greenhouses is a type of farming that can provide the option to connect with renewable energy resources in order to increase the sustainability of such systems and the energy efficiency of the various treatments that are necessary for mass food production (Manos and Xydis, 2019) . Indoor vertical farming is an innovative type of closed plant production system that provides the opportunity of a controlled-environment agriculture, which can be controlled according to the crop regardless of the weather conditions. In addition to the hydroponic systems that recirculate the nutrient solution and benefit greenhouse cultivations, vertical farms use systems that condense and collect the water that is transpired by plants at the cooling panel of the air conditioners and continuously recycle and reuse it for irrigation. abstract: Food safety is an important scientific field, but at the same time a discussion topic of modern society that occupies more and more space of our every day time, dealing with the preparation of food, with its nutritious value, and various transportation and storage ways aiming at preventing food-related sickness. This work compares traditional farming with greenhouses and indoor vertical farming focusing on the challenges and the opportunities for each category. The scope of this work was to stress the role of indoor vertical farming towards this direction. Indoor vertical farms can produce high quality and virus-free products that can be locally distributed, inside the urban environment that such investments take place, saving annually millions of tons CO2 emissions. Beyond that, in this work it was pointed out how energy plays a role in food safety in such systems. It was stressed that indoor vertical farms can act as a demand response aggregator. In large scale units it could play a role to adjust their production according to different electricity prices offered in different time zones throughout the day. This way, the owners under a multi-value business model will create the opportunity to the vertical farm owners not only to improve their production but at the same time absorb inexpensive electricity offered, by creating an additional profit mechanism (multiple revenue streams) under such an approach by entering into contracts with companies in a utility electric region. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S2452263520300021 doi: 10.1016/bs.af2s.2020.08.002 id: cord-346920-3wvo7fs3 author: Bajželj, Bojana title: The role of reducing food waste for resilient food systems date: 2020-07-31 words: 9896.0 sentences: 468.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346920-3wvo7fs3.txt summary: The concept of redundancy for example, which is considered as one of key principles of resilience (Biggs et al., 2012; Tendall et al., 2015) , can in some manifestations be in conflict with increasing efficiency, including reductions of waste, which are key strategies to achieve food sustainability (Godfray and Garnett, 2014; Bajželj et al., 2014) . Interventions targeted at household waste have the highest potential when it comes to freeing-up resources and reducing food waste related GHG emissions, and therefore, long-term resilience through stability, for two reasons: in high and middle-income settings, the volume of waste is the largest at the consumption stage, and secondly, this food has accumulated more impact as it processed through the supply chain (for example, it has been transported, stored, perhaps processed and pre-prepared). abstract: Food waste undermines long-term resilience of the global food system by aggravating ecosystem damage. The global community must therefore work to reduce the amount of food that gets wasted. However, we should be mindful of some potential conflicts between food waste reduction and food system resilience. Over-production and over-supply are a contributing cause of waste, yet they also provide resilience in the form of redundancy. In this paper, we examine individual interventions designed to minimise food waste by scoring their impact on different aspects of resilience. We find that there are strong synergistic elements and interventions that support short- and long-term resilience, such as improved storage, which reduces the need to provide a constant flow of ‘surplus food’ and replaces it with a stock of ‘spare’ food. Some interventions carry a risk of trade-offs due to possible losses of redundancy, and investment lock-in that may reduce the ability of farmers to adapt by changing what and where they farm. Trade-offs do not mean that those interventions should not be pursuit, but they should be recognised so that can be adequately addressed with complimentary actions. This review underlines the necessity of food-systems thinking and joined-up policy. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S2212041620300826 doi: 10.1016/j.ecoser.2020.101140 id: cord-301117-egd1gxby author: Barh, Debmalya title: In Silico Models: From Simple Networks to Complex Diseases date: 2013-11-15 words: 13765.0 sentences: 670.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301117-egd1gxby.txt summary: Bioinformatics deals with methods for storing, retrieving, and analyzing biological data and protein sequences, structures, functions, pathways, and networks, and recently, in silico disease modeling and simulation using systems biology. Bioinformatics is the computational data management discipline that helps us gather, analyze, and represent this information in order to educate ourselves, understand biological processes in healthy and diseased states, and to facilitate discovery of better animal products. The development of such computational modeling techniques to include diverse types of molecular biological information clearly supports the gene regulatory network inference process and enables the modeling of the dynamics of gene regulatory systems. Understanding the complexity of the disease and its biological significance in health can be achieved by integrating data from the different functional genomics experiments with medical, physiological, and environmental factor information, and computing mathematically. abstract: In this chapter, we consider in silico modeling of diseases starting from some simple to some complex (and mathematical) concepts. Examples and applications of in silico modeling for some important categories of diseases (such as for cancers, infectious diseases, and neuronal diseases) are also given. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780124160026000213 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416002-6.00021-3 id: cord-265410-khwzdi79 author: Bartlett, Stuart title: Defining Lyfe in the Universe: From Three Privileged Functions to Four Pillars date: 2020-04-16 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Motivated by the need to paint a more general picture of what life is—and could be—with respect to the rest of the phenomena of the universe, we propose a new vocabulary for astrobiological research. Lyfe is defined as any system that fulfills all four processes of the living state, namely: dissipation, autocatalysis, homeostasis, and learning. Life is defined as the instance of lyfe that we are familiar with on Earth, one that uses a specific organometallic molecular toolbox to record information about its environment and achieve dynamical order by dissipating certain planetary disequilibria. This new classification system allows the astrobiological community to more clearly define the questions that propel their research—e.g., whether they are developing a historical narrative to explain the origin of life (on Earth), or a universal narrative for the emergence of lyfe, or whether they are seeking signs of life specifically, or lyfe at large across the universe. While the concept of “life as we don’t know it” is not new, the four pillars of lyfe offer a novel perspective on the living state that is indifferent to the particular components that might produce it. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/life10040042 doi: 10.3390/life10040042 id: cord-324656-6xq5rs0u author: Bellika, Johan Gustav title: Propagation of program control: A tool for distributed disease surveillance date: 2006-04-18 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was (1) to identify the requirements for syndromic, disease surveillance and epidemiology systems arising from events such as the SARS outbreak in March 2003, and the deliberate spread of Bacillus anthracis, or anthrax, in the US in 2001; and (2) to use these specifications as input to the construction of a system intended to meet these requirements. An important goal was to provide information about the diffusion of a communicable disease without being dependent on centralised storage of information about individual patients or revealing patient-identifiable information. METHODS: The method applied is rooted in the engineering paradigm involving phases of analysis, system specification, design, implementation, and testing. The requirements were established from earlier projects’ conclusions and analysis of disease outbreaks. The requirements were validated by a literature study of syndromic and disease surveillance systems. The system was tested on simulated EHR databases generated from microbiology laboratory data. RESULTS: A requirements list that a syndromic and disease surveillance system should meet, and an open source system, “The Snow Agent system”, has been developed. The Snow Agent system is a distributed system for monitoring the status of a population's health by distributing processes to, and extracting epidemiological data directly from, the electronic health records (EHR) system in a geographic area. CONCLUSIONS: Syndromic and disease surveillance tools should be able to operate at all levels in the health systems and across national borders. Such systems should avoid transferring patient identifiable data, support two-way communications and be able to define and incorporate new and unknown diseases and syndrome definitions that should be reported by the system. The initial tests of the Snow Agent system shows that it will easily scale to national level in Norway. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16621681/ doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2006.02.007 id: cord-130507-baheh8i5 author: Benreguia, Badreddine title: Tracking COVID-19 by Tracking Infectious Trajectories date: 2020-05-12 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Nowadays, the coronavirus pandemic has and is still causing large numbers of deaths and infected people. Although governments all over the world have taken severe measurements to slow down the virus spreading (e.g., travel restrictions, suspending all sportive, social, and economic activities, quarantines, social distancing, etc.), a lot of persons have died and a lot more are still in danger. Indeed, a recently conducted study~cite{ref2} has reported that 79% of the confirmed infections in China were caused by undocumented patients who had no symptoms. In the same context, in numerous other countries, since coronavirus takes several days before the emergence of symptoms, it has also been reported that the known number of infections is not representative of the real number of infected people (the actual number is expected to be much higher). That is to say, asymptomatic patients are the main factor behind the large quick spreading of coronavirus and are also the major reason that caused governments to lose control over this critical situation. To contribute to remedying this global pandemic, in this paper, we propose an IoT (Internet of Things) investigation system that was specifically designed to spot both undocumented patients and infectious places. The goal is to help the authorities to disinfect high-contamination sites and confine persons even if they have no apparent symptoms. The proposed system also allows determining all persons who had close contact with infected or suspected patients. Consequently, rapid isolation of suspicious cases and more efficient control over any pandemic propagation can be achieved. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.05523v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-332583-5enha3g9 author: Bodine, Erin N. title: Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation in Mathematics and Biology Education date: 2020-07-28 words: 7586.0 sentences: 358.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332583-5enha3g9.txt summary: ABMs are seeing increased incorporation into both the biology and mathematics classrooms as powerful modeling tools to study processes involving substantial amounts of stochasticity, nonlinear interactions, and/or heterogeneous spatial structures. Here we present a brief synopsis of the agent-based modeling approach with an emphasis on its use to simulate biological systems, and provide a discussion of its role and limitations in both the biology and mathematics classrooms. Whether students are working with ABMs in life science or math modeling classes, it is helpful for them to learn how to read and understand flow diagrams as they are often included in research publications that use agent-based modeling. While not every student necessarily needs to take a course exclusively focused on agent-based modeling, every undergraduate biology student should have the opportunity to utilize an ABM to perform experiments and to collect and analyze data. abstract: With advances in computing, agent-based models (ABMs) have become a feasible and appealing tool to study biological systems. ABMs are seeing increased incorporation into both the biology and mathematics classrooms as powerful modeling tools to study processes involving substantial amounts of stochasticity, nonlinear interactions, and/or heterogeneous spatial structures. Here we present a brief synopsis of the agent-based modeling approach with an emphasis on its use to simulate biological systems, and provide a discussion of its role and limitations in both the biology and mathematics classrooms. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11538-020-00778-z doi: 10.1007/s11538-020-00778-z id: cord-023104-dpftawj3 author: Boin, Arjen title: The Transboundary Crisis: Why we are unprepared and the road ahead date: 2018-07-22 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Modern societies rely on complex technological systems that are deeply intertwined with other complex systems that stretch across geographical, judicial and administrative borders. When threats emanate from this transboundary space, national governments are often surprised and discover that existing crisis management arrangements do not suffice. This article describes the political and administrative challenges that accompany transboundary crises. It argues that arrangements and processes that work reasonably well for “bounded” crises are unlikely to work in the case of transboundary crises. It formulates an agenda for political debate and academic research. The bottom line is that we need to rethink traditional crisis management arrangements in order to prepare for these increasingly common type of threats. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166836/ doi: 10.1111/1468-5973.12241 id: cord-337325-h9l7yy5z author: Bruzzone, Francesco title: The combination of e-bike-sharing and demand-responsive transport systems in rural areas: A case study of Velenje date: 2020-09-29 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: An analysis of the operational characteristics of the transit system serving the town of Velenje (Slovenia) revealed poor performance and the need for improvements. This paper describes the potential integration of an electric bike-sharing system and a semi-flexible demand-responsive transport system to effectively solve this issue. Additionally, general guidance is provided for transit systems with low travel demand. Appropriate transport system schedules are proposed to facilitate customers' use and thus to move demand shares away from private motorized transport. Focus group interviews, implemented to directly involve local stakeholders, revealed an overall positive perception of the proposed transport system. Furthermore, the cost analysis demonstrated that the costs of the new system would not be much higher for the municipality than those currently incurred, making it an important performance improvement achieved at low cost. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210539520301085 doi: 10.1016/j.rtbm.2020.100570 id: cord-024343-mrri46oh author: Buldakov, Nikolay title: An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management date: 2020-05-05 words: 5330.0 sentences: 304.0 pages: flesch: 61.0 cache: ./cache/cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-024343-mrri46oh.txt summary: In order to tackle such issues, we propose a smart contract-based solution encapsulating sensitive information, agreements and processes into transparent and distributed smart contracts . In order to provide their land for parking, a landlord must first sign a contract with the administrator. The proposed solution presented in this paper aims to tackle the problems described above by using blockchain smart contracts. First of all, both driver and parking providers (landlords and tenants) require a safe, trustworthy way of conducting payments in such a way that both parties are guaranteed that the amount of funds transferred is equivalent to the provided service. A tenant can set its payment policy and it also stores the address of its contract with a parking lot. Only two transactions are required: to deploy the contract (by the car) and to claim the end of the payment period (by the parking lot). abstract: This paper discusses an open-source solution for smart-parking in highly urbanized areas. We have conducted interviews with domain experts, defined user stories and proposed a system architecture with a case study. Our solution allows integration of independent owners of parking space into one unified system, that facilitates parking in a smart city. The adoption of such a system raises trust issues among the stakeholders involved in the management of the parking. In order to tackle such issues, we propose a smart contract-based solution encapsulating sensitive information, agreements and processes into transparent and distributed smart contracts . url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7198255/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47240-5_6 id: cord-016564-od9mf2f2 author: Capodaglio, Andrea G. title: Online Monitoring Technologies For Drinking Water Systems Security date: 2009 words: 6409.0 sentences: 249.0 pages: flesch: 32.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016564-od9mf2f2.txt summary: More stringent constraints placed nowadays on water companies to provide high quality drinking water, increasing water resources scarcity in many areas of the planet, forcing water companies to work on marginal water bodies for supply, and the threat of hostile actions by political extremists and terrorist groups, that may willingly and deliberately cause contamination of an otherwise safe supply, are recent issues that have spurred demand for more efficient and comprehensive online water monitoring technologies. Monitoring requirements can be defined in relationship to: • Source water quality: (a) variability, in space and time (very low for groundwater, low for lakes, high for rivers); (b) vulnerability (type and location of possible contaminating activity), time-of-travel of the contaminant to the intake, effectiveness of barriers, control options after an alarm • Water treatment: process optimization options and response times, sampling frequency must allow adequate process control • Distribution systems: minimization of deterioration of water quality over time and distance, early detection of cross-connections and water losses In addition, it must be considered that online monitors could have different sensitivity and selectivity according to the matrix and range of concentrations analyzed. abstract: More stringent constraints placed nowadays on water companies to provide high quality drinking water, increasing water resources scarcity in many areas of the planet, forcing water companies to work on marginal water bodies for supply, and the threat of hostile actions by political extremists and terrorist groups, that may willingly and deliberately cause contamination of an otherwise safe supply, are recent issues that have spurred demand for more efficient and comprehensive online water monitoring technologies. Traditionally, quality parameters associated with drinking water provision were monitored using routine grab samples followed by laboratory analysis. This approach only allowed to capture small data sets, mostly unrepresentative of the true variance at the source, and allowed potentially important events to occur undetected. This paper examines state-of-the-art technologies for online monitoring of water quality in supply water systems, and reports some recent application examples. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120896/ doi: 10.1007/978-90-481-2365-0_15 id: cord-183016-ajwnihk6 author: Carrillo, Dick title: Containing Future Epidemics with Trustworthy Federated Systems for Ubiquitous Warning and Response date: 2020-10-26 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: In this paper, we propose a global digital platform to avoid and combat epidemics by providing relevant real-time information to support selective lockdowns. It leverages the pervasiveness of wireless connectivity while being trustworthy and secure. The proposed system is conceptualized to be decentralized yet federated, based on ubiquitous public systems and active citizen participation. Its foundations lie on the principle of informational self-determination. We argue that only in this way it can become a trustworthy and legitimate public good infrastructure for citizens by balancing the asymmetry of the different hierarchical levels within the federated organization while providing highly effective detection and guiding mitigation measures towards graceful lockdown of the society. To exemplify the proposed system, we choose the remote patient monitoring as use case. In which, the integration of distributed ledger technologies with narrowband IoT technology is evaluated considering different number of endorsed peers. An experimental proof of concept setup is used to evaluate the performance of this integration, in which the end-to-end latency is slightly increased when a new endorsed element is added. However, the system reliability, privacy, and interoperability are guaranteed. In this sense, we expect active participation of empowered citizens to supplement the more usual top-down management of epidemics. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.13392v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-253548-izya7nws author: Catchpole, Ken title: Frontiers in Human Factors: Embedding Specialists in Multi-disciplinary efforts to Improve Healthcare. date: 2020-09-09 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Despite the application of a huge range of human factors (HF) principles in a growing range of care contexts, there is much more that could be done to realize this expertise for patient benefit, staff wellbeing and organizational performance. Healthcare has struggled to embrace systems safety approaches, mis-applied or misinterpreted others, and has stuck to a range of outdated and potentially counter-productive myths even has safety science has developed. One consequence of these persistent misunderstandings is that few opportunities exist in clinical settings for qualified HF professionals. Instead, HF has been applied by clinicians and others, to highly variable degrees – sometimes great success, but frequently in limited and sometimes counter-productive ways. Meanwhile, HF professionals have struggled to make a meaningful impact on frontline care and have had little career structure or support. However, In the last few years, embedded clinical HF practitioners have begun to have considerable success that are now being supported and amplified by professional networks. The recent COVID-19 experiences confirm this. Closer collaboration between healthcare and HF professionals will result in significant and ultimately beneficial changes to both professions and to clinical care. url: https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzaa108 doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzaa108 id: cord-257633-wrem38ex author: Chamola, Vinay title: A Comprehensive Review of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Attacks and Neutralization Techniques date: 2020-10-10 words: 13597.0 sentences: 786.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257633-wrem38ex.txt summary: The aviation authority prescribes specific mandatory features for UAVs (excluding Nano category) like Global Positioning System (GPS), Return-to-Home (RTH), anti-collision light, identification (ID plate), a controller with flight data logging, radio frequency identification (RF-ID) and Subscriber Identity Module (SIM). In this section, we present a discussion of the various aspects of UAV operation such as the modes, flow of control, systems for navigation, and also review some of the most common commercial transmission protocols. A ground station is the control center that facilitates the human control of UAVs. An autonomous UAV has a predefined flight route based on GNSS systems like GPS or environment checkpoints which can be detected by the camera. This type of communication method involves a human operating a radio transmitter/receiver, a smartphone, a tablet or a computer as a ground station to control the flight path of the UAV. abstract: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have revolution- ized the aircraft industry in this decade. UAVs are now capable of carrying out remote sensing, remote monitoring, courier delivery, and a lot more. A lot of research is happening on making UAVs more robust using energy harvesting techniques to have a better battery lifetime, network performance and to secure against attackers. UAV networks are many times used for unmanned missions. There have been many attacks on civilian, military, and industrial targets that were carried out using remotely controlled or automated UAVs. This continued misuse has led to research in preventing unauthorized UAVs from causing damage to life and property. In this paper, we present a literature review of UAVs, UAV attacks, and their prevention using anti-UAV techniques. We first discuss the different types of UAVs, the regulatory laws for UAV activities, their use cases, recreational, and military UAV incidents. After understanding their operation, various techniques for monitoring and preventing UAV attacks are described along with case studies. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1570870520306788?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.adhoc.2020.102324 id: cord-027700-dezg4155 author: Chehab, Khalil title: Study of Healthcare Professionals’ Interaction in the Patient Records Based on Annotations date: 2020-05-31 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The annotation practice is an almost daily activity; it is used by healthcare professionals (PHC) to analyze, collaborate, share knowledge and communicate, between them, information present in the healthcare record of patients. These annotations are created in a healthcare cycle that consists of: diagnosis, treatment, advice, follow-up and observation. Due to an exponential increase in the number of medical annotation systems that are used by different categories of health professionals, we are faced with a problem of lack of organization of medical annotation systems developed on the basis of formal criteria. As a result, we have a fragmented image of these annotations tools which make the mission of choice of an annotation system by a PHC, in a well-defined context (biology, radiology…) and according to their needs to the functionalities offered by these tools, are difficult. In this article we present a classification of thirty annotation tools developed by industry and academia based on 5 generic criteria. We conclude this survey paper with model proposition. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7313271/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_28 id: cord-299884-wp4ehemj author: Chen, Ray Zhuangrui title: Integrated wetlands for food production date: 2016-07-31 words: 11818.0 sentences: 548.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-299884-wp4ehemj.txt summary: Apart from excessive nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which can cause eutrophication in water, elevated concentrations of a wide range of persistent toxic substances (PTS), including heavy metals (such as mercury (Hg), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb)), persistent organic pollutants (POPs such as DDT) and certain emerging chemicals of concern (such as flame retardants) found in soil, water and air worldwide during the past decades, are greatly threatening our food production and food safety. Similar to rice-fish farming, rice-duck, rice-crab, rice-prawn farming makes use of the symbiotic relationship between paddy fields and animals to more effectively utilize nutrients and energy, reduce chemical fertilizer and pesticide inputs, increase food safety and productivity, and also mitigate the pollutants discharge Zhang et al., 2001; Zhen et al., 2004) . Integrated wetland techniques (such as hydroponic, constructed treatment wetland or floating island) with food production processes, coupled with polyculture of different fish species or other organisms (such as ducks, crabs, shrimps, and etc.), are able to promote ecosystem health, and achieve sustainability, mainly via its wastewater purification and nutrient recycling capability. abstract: Abstract The widespread use of compound pelleted feeds and chemical fertilizers in modern food production contribute to a vast amount of residual nutrients into the production system and adjacent ecosystem are major factors causing eutrophication. Furthermore, the extensive development and application of chemical compounds (such as chemical pesticides, disinfectants and hormones used in enhancing productivity) in food production process are hazardous to the ecosystems, as well as human health. These unsustainable food production patterns cannot sustain human living in the long run. Wetlands are perceived as self-decontamination ecosystems with high productivities. This review gives an overview about wetlands which are being integrated with food production processes, focusing on aquaculture. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.007 doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.007 id: cord-133273-kvyzuayp author: Christ, Andreas title: Artificial Intelligence: Research Impact on Key Industries; the Upper-Rhine Artificial Intelligence Symposium (UR-AI 2020) date: 2020-10-05 words: 42472.0 sentences: 2376.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-133273-kvyzuayp.txt summary: During the literature review it was evident the presence of few works dedicated to evaluating comprehensively the complete cycle of biofeedback, which comprises using the wearable devices, applying Machine Learning patterns detection algorithms, generate the psychologic intervention, besides monitoring its effects and recording the history of events [9, 3] . This solution is being proposed by several literature study about stress patterns and physiological aspects but with few results, for this reason, our project will address topics like experimental study protocol on signals acquisition from patients/participants with wearables to data acquisition and processing, in sequence will be applied machine learning modeling and prediction on biosignal data regarding stress (Fig. 1) . We will present first results of the project concerning a new process model for cooperating data scientists and quality engineers, a product testing model as knowledge base for machine learning computing and visual support of quality engineers in order to explain prediction results. abstract: The TriRhenaTech alliance presents a collection of accepted papers of the cancelled tri-national 'Upper-Rhine Artificial Inteeligence Symposium' planned for 13th May 2020 in Karlsruhe. The TriRhenaTech alliance is a network of universities in the Upper-Rhine Trinational Metropolitan Region comprising of the German universities of applied sciences in Furtwangen, Kaiserslautern, Karlsruhe, and Offenburg, the Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University Loerrach, the French university network Alsace Tech (comprised of 14 'grandes 'ecoles' in the fields of engineering, architecture and management) and the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland. The alliance's common goal is to reinforce the transfer of knowledge, research, and technology, as well as the cross-border mobility of students. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.16241v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-337218-risqto89 author: Chu, Ellen W. title: Environmental Impact, Concept and Measurement of date: 2013-02-05 words: 16635.0 sentences: 718.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337218-risqto89.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337218-risqto89.txt summary: 107 ) sums up what he calls the hazards of human progress this way: ''''Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up.'''' Indeed, as the second decade of the 21st century begins, humans are ecosystem engineers on a planetary scale, and our global civilization threatens the life-sustaining capacity of all of Earth''s environmental ''''spheres'''': But with nearly 7 billion people occupying or using resources from every place on Earth, humans are overwhelming the ability of other life-forms to make a living and depleting the planet''s natural wealth. Chemicals -as varied as prescription drugs flowing out of sewage plants, pesticides, heavy metals, and cancer-causing by-products of countless manufacturing processes -now lace the world''s water, soil, and air and the bodies of all living things, including humans. The list of chemicals'' effects on living things is so long that chemical pollution equals humans'' environmental impact in most people''s minds, yet it is just one form of biotic impoverishment. abstract: Environments on Earth are always changing, and living systems evolve within them. For most of their history, human beings did the same. But in the last two centuries, humans have become the planet's dominant species, changing and impoverishing the environment for all life on Earth and even decimating humans' own cultural diversity. Contemporary cultural worldviews that have severed humans' ancient connections with the natural world, along with consumption and population growth, have deepened this impoverishment. Understanding, measuring, and managing human environmental impacts – the most important of which is the impoverishment of living systems – is the 21st century's greatest challenge. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780123847195002537 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-384719-5.00253-7 id: cord-005191-a70eedna author: Cohen, Irun R. title: Informational Landscapes in Art, Science, and Evolution date: 2006-06-08 words: 6278.0 sentences: 321.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005191-a70eedna.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005191-a70eedna.txt summary: Here, I shall use Listening Post as an allegory to explore two other systems that deal with informational landscapes: biologic evolution and human understanding. The Internet created a new informational landscape, a new niche, that could be sampled and exploited by Hansen and Rubin to enhance their fitness as artists in the wilds of the Manhattan art world (Fig. 2) . Any organism, simple or complex, that manages to mine the landscape for enough energy and information to create meaning (through productive interactions) might manage to survive there. Like the algorithm of Listening Post, an evolving species creates new meaning by exploiting information flowing through its environment-its cyberspace. Darwin''s concept of natural selection, including survival of the fittest, does play a critical role in the process of evolution, but mostly after a new or variant species has begun to exploit an informational landscape. abstract: An informational landscape refers to an array of information related to a particular theme or function. The Internet is an example of an informational landscape designed by humans for purposes of communication. Once it exists, however, any informational landscape may be exploited to serve a new purpose. Listening Post is the name of a dynamic multimedia work of art that exploits the informational landscape of the Internet to produce a visual and auditory environment. Here, I use Listening Post as a prototypic example for considering the creative role of informational landscapes in the processes that beget evolution and science. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7088857/ doi: 10.1007/s11538-006-9118-4 id: cord-176677-exej3zwh author: Coveney, Peter V. title: When we can trust computers (and when we can't) date: 2020-07-08 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: With the relentless rise of computer power, there is a widespread expectation that computers can solve the most pressing problems of science, and even more besides. We explore the limits of computational modelling and conclude that, in the domains of science and engineering that are relatively simple and firmly grounded in theory, these methods are indeed powerful. Even so, the availability of code, data and documentation, along with a range of techniques for validation, verification and uncertainty quantification, are essential for building trust in computer generated findings. When it comes to complex systems in domains of science that are less firmly grounded in theory, notably biology and medicine, to say nothing of the social sciences and humanities, computers can create the illusion of objectivity, not least because the rise of big data and machine learning pose new challenges to reproducibility, while lacking true explanatory power. We also discuss important aspects of the natural world which cannot be solved by digital means. In the long-term, renewed emphasis on analogue methods will be necessary to temper the excessive faith currently placed in digital computation. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.03741v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-125402-9l4k3fle author: Darsena, Donatella title: Safe and Reliable Public Transportation Systems (SALUTARY) in the COVID-19 pandemic date: 2020-09-26 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The aim of the SALUTARY (Safe and Reliable Public Transportation Systems) system is to employ modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to proactively tackle crowding situations in public transportation (PT) systems,as a consequence of the limitations due to COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, it is proposed to adopt in the various segments of the PT system (buses/trams/trains, railway/subway stations, and bus stops) suitable crowd detection techniques based on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, which measure in real-time the number of users, in order to: (i) monitor and predict crowding events; (ii) adapt in real-time PT system operations, i.e., modifying service frequency, timetables, routes, and so on; (iii) inform the users by electronic displays installed in correspondence of the bus stops/stations and/or by mobile transport applications. The SALUTARY system can be implemented incrementally, as an add-on to the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) solution already in use by major PT companies operating in urban areas. The system is designed as a flexible platform, which can be used to deliver, in addition to the innovative crowd detection/management functionalities, also additional services, such as on-line ticketing, vehicle access control and reservation in severely crowded situations, and evolved crowd-aware route planning. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.12619v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-027885-ua8miwes author: Das, Sujata title: Impact of Human Microbiome on Health date: 2020-03-10 words: 6589.0 sentences: 333.0 pages: flesch: 33.0 cache: ./cache/cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027885-ua8miwes.txt summary: There has been an immense leap from the culture-based surveys of various tissues or organs, for example, of gut and oral cavity, to molecular profiling of the microbial communities and their biochemical products like enzymes, proteins, and amino acids in all the different ecological niches of the human body (Eckburg et al. Since the time of birth of an individual, when the sterile gut of the neonate gets exposed to the biota of mother''s vagina during the vaginal delivery or hospital microbiota in case of caesarean section (which may even include the multidrug-resistant species), the microbes starts their colonisation with an eventual change by the age of 3-5 years, by when an individual starts resembling bacterial community to that of an adult both structurally and functionally (Bull and Plummer 2014) . Microbiome-based approaches involving antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, faecal microbiota transplantation and nutritional modulators correlate directly with the alteration of immune status of an individual focusing on the innate immunity. abstract: The human genome in the recent years, by the advent of technological advancements, has emerged as a major prolocutor for reciprocity between the human body and the food consumed. As known, microbiome comprises all the genetic materials within a microbiota and can thereby be also referred to as metagenome of the microbiota. Contemporary researches have revealed the influence of microbiome not only on human mind and health status, but also in wide range of disease switching, ranging from cardio-metabolic diseases, allergies and obesities to life-threatening diseases such as cancer. Though the complete mechanism of many diseases is yet unclear, research works have revealed that the metabolites, nutrients and microbes can be regarded as the key players for such physiological state. The major approach of this chapter is to enlighten the interrelationship of the microbiome on the human health either in a synergistic or in an antagonistic manner. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7315774/ doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-4099-8_20 id: cord-284934-mkxfa2nr author: Davis, Mark M title: Systems immunology date: 2020-07-30 words: 2800.0 sentences: 130.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284934-mkxfa2nr.txt summary: I am biased, but I believe the modern form of Systems Immunology began in 2008-2009, with a relatively concurrent publication that I wrote entitled ''A Prescription for Human Immunology'' [1] together with the first data papers by Sekaly [2] and Pulendran [3] , where both groups analyzed Yellow Fever Vaccine responses using gene array data and other data. Most importantly they used a program to convert gene expression data in other studies to cell subsets [13 ] to find (and confirm) that NK cell levels drop dramatically in subjects that develop active TB disease, and that they return to baseline after antibiotic treatment. Other important tools for systems analysis are programs that combine different data sets to identify important relationships between the immune system and metabolism for example, or the microbiome [9 ,10 ] . New approaches to the study of immune responses in humans abstract: Systems biological approaches to immunology have grown exponentially in the past decade, especially as broad approaches to data collection have become more accessible. It is still in its infancy; however, largely descriptive, and looking for the main drivers of particular phenomena, such as vaccination effects or pregnancy. But this lays the ground work for an increasingly sophisticated appreciation of subsystems and interactions and will lead to predictive modeling and a deeper understanding of human diseases and interactions with pathogens. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0952791520300686 doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.06.006 id: cord-029290-vf5qebso author: Devonport, Alex title: PIRK: Scalable Interval Reachability Analysis for High-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems date: 2020-06-13 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Reachability analysis is a critical tool for the formal verification of dynamical systems and the synthesis of controllers for them. Due to their computational complexity, many reachability analysis methods are restricted to systems with relatively small dimensions. One significant reason for such limitation is that those approaches, and their implementations, are not designed to leverage parallelism. They use algorithms that are designed to run serially within one compute unit and they can not utilize widely-available high-performance computing (HPC) platforms such as many-core CPUs, GPUs and Cloud-computing services. This paper presents PIRK, a tool to efficiently compute reachable sets for general nonlinear systems of extremely high dimensions. PIRK can utilize HPC platforms for computing reachable sets for general high-dimensional non-linear systems. PIRK has been tested on several systems, with state dimensions up to 4 billion. The scalability of PIRK’s parallel implementations is found to be highly favorable. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7363203/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-53288-8_27 id: cord-314275-twjaq5do author: Diwekar, U. title: A perspective on the role of uncertainty in sustainability science and engineering date: 2020-09-09 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The Trans-Atlantic Research and Development Interchange on Sustainability Workshop (TARDIS) is a meeting on scientific topics related to sustainability. The 2019 workshop theme was "On the Role of Uncertainty in Managing the Earth for Global Sustainability." This paper presents the perspectives on this topic derived from talks and discussions at the 2019 TARDIS workshop. There are four kinds of uncertainties encountered in sustainability ranging from clear enough futures to true surprises. The current state-of-the-art in assessing and mitigating these uncertainties is discussed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32921915/ doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105140 id: cord-012370-omz7kibf author: Dixit, Shivani title: Forensic genetic analysis of population of Madhya Pradesh with PowerPlex Fusion 6C(™) Multiplex System date: 2019-02-14 words: 1477.0 sentences: 82.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012370-omz7kibf.txt summary: title: Forensic genetic analysis of population of Madhya Pradesh with PowerPlex Fusion 6C(™) Multiplex System The study also presents the first global report on polymorphism in the Indian population on SE 33 autosomal STR loci and PP Fusion 6C Multiplex System. A few studies have been performed to characterize the population of Madhya Pradesh on autosomal STRs (described in Table S2 ) but these studies are based on 15 STR markers either using Identifiler/Identifiler Plus (Applied Biosystem, USA) or PowerPlex 16/16HS (Promega Corporation, Madison, USA). The most polymorphic and discriminatory STR loci in the studied population were SE 33 with values of 0.94 and 0.990, respectively. The data obtained in this study were compared with published Indian population data (Table S2 ) related to common 15 autosomal STR loci. With respect to the distribution of alleles at each STR locus, the loci were found to be substantially polymorphic in this population indicating good informativeness of all studied autosomal STR markers. abstract: Performance of PowerPlex Fusion 6C kit (PP F6C) was assessed in 374 unrelated individuals belonging to Madhya Pradesh, an Indian state. The study evaluated the forensic parameters for the loci included in PP F6C Multiplex System. The combined discrimination power (CPD) and combined exclusion power (CPE) were 1 and 0.999999995, respectively, for all 23 autosomal STR loci. SE33 showed the greatest power of discrimination (0.990) in the studied population, whereas TPOX showed the lowest (0.843). The availability of three Y-STR loci in the Multiplex System is suitable for assessing male contribution and amelogenin deletion in a single Multiplex PCR simultaneously. The study also presents the first global report on polymorphism in the Indian population on SE 33 autosomal STR loci and PP Fusion 6C Multiplex System. The results revealed that the studied STR Multiplex System is highly polymorphic and suitable for forensic purposes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00414-019-02017-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469663/ doi: 10.1007/s00414-019-02017-0 id: cord-010681-tmpxs9og author: Dondapati, Srujan Kumar title: Cell-Free Protein Synthesis: A Promising Option for Future Drug Development date: 2020-03-20 words: 10674.0 sentences: 487.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010681-tmpxs9og.txt summary: aatRNA aminoacyl-tRNA, AAS aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, ATP adenosine triphosphate, EF elongation factor, GSH glutathione, GSSG glutathione-disulfide, GTP guanosine-5''-triphosphate, IF initiation factor, IRES internal ribosome entry site, MP membrane protein, nCAA non-canonical amino acid, PDI protein disulfide isomerase, PEG polyethylene glycol, PTM post-translational modification, R ribosomes, t-RNA transfer RNA, TF transcription factor, UTR untranslated region, VLP virus like particle Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) Mimic the CHO cell-based production PTMs (N-glycosylation, disulfide bridging, and lipidation) Suitable for a wide range of eukaryotic and complex proteins Presence of translational active endogenous microsomes [45] High yields in CECF mode Endotoxin free Lysates used for point-of-care testing [30] Low yields especially in the batch mode [58] Cost ineffective and difficult to establish unlike E. abstract: Proteins are the main source of drug targets and some of them possess therapeutic potential themselves. Among them, membrane proteins constitute approximately 50% of the major drug targets. In the drug discovery pipeline, rapid methods for producing different classes of proteins in a simple manner with high quality are important for structural and functional analysis. Cell-free systems are emerging as an attractive alternative for the production of proteins due to their flexible nature without any cell membrane constraints. In a bioproduction context, open systems based on cell lysates derived from different sources, and with batch-to-batch consistency, have acted as a catalyst for cell-free synthesis of target proteins. Most importantly, proteins can be processed for downstream applications like purification and functional analysis without the necessity of transfection, selection, and expansion of clones. In the last 5 years, there has been an increased availability of new cell-free lysates derived from multiple organisms, and their use for the synthesis of a diverse range of proteins. Despite this progress, major challenges still exist in terms of scalability, cost effectiveness, protein folding, and functionality. In this review, we present an overview of different cell-free systems derived from diverse sources and their application in the production of a wide spectrum of proteins. Further, this article discusses some recent progress in cell-free systems derived from Chinese hamster ovary and Sf21 lysates containing endogenous translocationally active microsomes for the synthesis of membrane proteins. We particularly highlight the usage of internal ribosomal entry site sequences for more efficient protein production, and also the significance of site-specific incorporation of non-canonical amino acids for labeling applications and creation of antibody drug conjugates using cell-free systems. We also discuss strategies to overcome the major challenges involved in commercializing cell-free platforms from a laboratory level for future drug development. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7211207/ doi: 10.1007/s40259-020-00417-y id: cord-324507-w32pe2pz author: Dubé, Mirette title: COVID-19 pandemic preparation: using simulation for systems-based learning to prepare the largest healthcare workforce and system in Canada date: 2020-08-18 words: 5737.0 sentences: 224.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324507-w32pe2pz.txt summary: Our provincial simulation program in the province of Alberta, Canada (population = 4.37 million; geographic area = 661,848 km(2)), has rapidly responded to this need by leading the intake, design, development, planning, and co-facilitation of over 400 acute care simulations across our province in both urban and rural Emergency Departments, Intensive Care Units, Operating Rooms, Labor and Delivery Units, Urgent Care Centers, Diagnostic Imaging and In-patient Units over a 5-week period to an estimated 30,000 learners of real frontline team members. The goal of this paper is to share the unique features and advantages of using a centralized provincial simulation response team, preparedness using learning and systems integration methods, and to share the highest risk and highest frequency outcomes from analyzing a mass volume of COVID-19 simulation data across the largest health authority in Canada. abstract: Healthcare resources have been strained to previously unforeseeable limits as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020. This has prompted the emergence of critical just-in-time COVID-19 education, including rapid simulation preparedness, evaluation and training across all healthcare sectors. Simulation has been proven to be pivotal for both healthcare provider learning and systems integration in the context of testing and integrating new processes, workflows, and rapid changes to practice (e.g., new cognitive aids, checklists, protocols) and changes to the delivery of clinical care. The individual, team, and systems learnings generated from proactive simulation training is occurring at unprecedented volume and speed in our healthcare system. Establishing a clear process to collect and report simulation outcomes has never been more important for staff and patient safety to reduce preventable harm. Our provincial simulation program in the province of Alberta, Canada (population = 4.37 million; geographic area = 661,848 km(2)), has rapidly responded to this need by leading the intake, design, development, planning, and co-facilitation of over 400 acute care simulations across our province in both urban and rural Emergency Departments, Intensive Care Units, Operating Rooms, Labor and Delivery Units, Urgent Care Centers, Diagnostic Imaging and In-patient Units over a 5-week period to an estimated 30,000 learners of real frontline team members. Unfortunately, the speed at which the COVID-19 pandemic has emerged in Canada may prevent healthcare sectors in both urban and rural settings to have an opportunity for healthcare teams to participate in just-in-time in situ simulation-based learning prior to a potential surge of COVID-19 patients. Our coordinated approach and infrastructure have enabled organizational learnings and the ability to theme and categorize a mass volume of simulation outcome data, primarily from acute care settings to help all sectors further anticipate and plan. The goal of this paper is to share the unique features and advantages of using a centralized provincial simulation response team, preparedness using learning and systems integration methods, and to share the highest risk and highest frequency outcomes from analyzing a mass volume of COVID-19 simulation data across the largest health authority in Canada. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-020-00138-w doi: 10.1186/s41077-020-00138-w id: cord-296253-bxyzhsfs author: Elham, Elzat title: Anatomic evidence shows that lymphatic drainage exists in the pituitary to loop the cerebral lymphatic circulation date: 2020-05-30 words: 1686.0 sentences: 87.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296253-bxyzhsfs.txt summary: To determine whether the perinasal lymphatic system or lymphatic vessels are involved in cerebral immune defence and play a role in causing CNS infections (especially respiratory tract-related infections), we performed an anatomic study to investigate the drainage differences between the perinasal and intracerebral lymphatic systems by using injection of Evans blue and anatomic surgery, together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. To determine whether the perinasal lymphatic system or lymphatic vessels are involved in cerebral immune defence and play a role in causing CNS infections (especially respiratory tract-related infections), we performed an anatomic study to investigate the drainage differences between the perinasal and intracerebral lymphatic systems by using injection of Evans blue and anatomic surgery, together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. Under an anatomic (20× magnification) microscope, we dissected the mouse intracranial nervous system after injection of Evans blue (perinasal lymphatic reflux assay) and found that lymphatic vessels that exist in the pituitary and loop the cerebral lymphatic circulation are responsible for the perinasal-pituitary lymphatic drainage. abstract: Respiratory infections can result in intracranial infections and unknown neurological symptoms. The central nervous system lacks classical meningeal lymphatic (circulation) drainage, and the exact underlying mechanisms of how immune cells from the peripheral lymphatic system enter the central nervous system (CNS) remain unknown. To determine whether the perinasal lymphatic system or lymphatic vessels are involved in cerebral immune defence and play a role in causing CNS infections (especially respiratory tract-related infections), we performed an anatomic study to investigate the drainage differences between the perinasal and intracerebral lymphatic systems by using injection of Evans blue and anatomic surgery, together with immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays. Surprisingly, we found that (1) the pituitary (adenohypophysis) is involved and is rich in lymphatic vessels and (2) perinasal tissue could communicate with central pituitary lymphatic vessels in a specific and unidirectional manner. Taken together, our study may be the first to anatomically demonstrate the existence of novel lymphatic vessel structures in the pituitary, as well as their communication with the perinasal (lymphatic) tissue. Our findings suggest the existence of an ultimate loop for “classical” meningeal lymphatic drainage and are relevant to cerebral infection and immune defence. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987720313293?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109898 id: cord-164916-v5w6senz author: Elhenawy, Mohammed title: Developing a Novel Crowdsourcing Business Model for Micro-Mobility Ride-Sharing Systems: Methodology and Preliminary Results date: 2020-07-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Micro-mobility ride-sharing is an emerging technology that provides access to the transit system with minimum environmental impacts. Significant research is required to ensure that micro-mobility ride-sharing provides a better fulfilment of user needs. In this study, we propose a novel business model for the micro-mobility ride-sharing system where light vehicles such as electric scooters and electric bikes are crowdsourced. This new model consists of three entities, the suppliers, the customers, and a management party, which is responsible for receiving, renting, booking, and demand matching with offered resources. The proposed model has the potential to allow the suppliers to define the location of their private e-scooter/e-bike and the period of time they are available for rent, match it with a particular demand, and then offer suppliers the opportunity to get their e-scooters/e-bikes rented and returned at the end of the renting period to the same (nearby) location. The management party will need to match the e-scooter/e-bike to a series of renting demands with the last demand as a destination very close to the initial location of the e-scooter/e-bike at the start of the renting period. One potential advantage of the proposed model is that it shifts the charging and maintenance efforts to a crowd of suppliers. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.15585v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-349831-0u9y35qo author: Ellis, George F. R. title: The Causal Closure of Physics in Real World Contexts date: 2020-08-18 words: 15740.0 sentences: 965.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349831-0u9y35qo.txt summary: Secondly, I show that causal closure in the hierarchy of emergence is a strictly interlevel affair, and in the cases of engineering and biology encompasses all levels from the social level to the particle physics level. In particular, the particle physics level is not causally complete by itself in the contexts of solid state physics (because of interlevel wave–particle duality), digital computers (where algorithms determine outcomes), or biology (because of time dependent constraints). Here I want to examine the issue in a different way, by dealing in some detail with the hierarchical nature of emergence in real world contexts: the cases of engineering, based in the underlying solid state physics, and biology, based in the underlying molecular biology, in turn based in the underlying physics. Effective Causal Closure in real world contexts spans many levels, in the case of biology reaching down from the level of the organism to the underlying physics via time dependent constraints. abstract: The causal closure of physics is usually discussed in a context free way. Here I discuss it in the context of engineering systems and biology, where strong emergence takes place due to a combination of upwards emergence and downwards causation (Ellis, Emergence in Solid State Physics and Biology, 2020, arXiv:2004.13591). Firstly, I show that causal closure is strictly limited in terms of spatial interactions because these are cases that are of necessity strongly interacting with the environment. Effective Spatial Closure holds ceteris parabus, and can be violated by Black Swan Events. Secondly, I show that causal closure in the hierarchy of emergence is a strictly interlevel affair, and in the cases of engineering and biology encompasses all levels from the social level to the particle physics level. However Effective Causal Closure can usefully be defined for a restricted set of levels, and one can experimentally determine Effective Theories that hold at each level. This does not however imply those effective theories are causally complete by themselves. In particular, the particle physics level is not causally complete by itself in the contexts of solid state physics (because of interlevel wave–particle duality), digital computers (where algorithms determine outcomes), or biology (because of time dependent constraints). Furthermore Inextricably Intertwined Levels occur in all these contexts. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32836326/ doi: 10.1007/s10701-020-00366-0 id: cord-033137-xezwbs4f author: Fan, Jingfang title: Statistical physics approaches to the complex Earth system date: 2020-10-03 words: 41351.0 sentences: 2393.0 pages: flesch: 61.0 cache: ./cache/cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt txt: ./txt/cord-033137-xezwbs4f.txt summary: Especially, novel statistical physics and complex networks-based techniques have been developed and implemented to substantially advance our knowledge of the Earth system, including climate extreme events, earthquakes and geological relief features, leading to substantially improved predictive performances. We present here a comprehensive review on the recent scientific progress in the development and application of how combined statistical physics and complex systems science approaches such as critical phenomena, network theory, percolation, tipping points analysis, and entropy can be applied to complex Earth systems. To summarize, in this chapter we have described different network characteristics and presented various linear and nonlinear tools of time series analysis, which can be used to construct, define and characterize CNs. Linear and nonlinear methods include Pearson correlation, event synchronization, and informationtheory measures such as entropy and mutual information. abstract: Global warming, extreme climate events, earthquakes and their accompanying socioeconomic disasters pose significant risks to humanity. Yet due to the nonlinear feedbacks, multiple interactions and complex structures of the Earth system, the understanding and, in particular, the prediction of such disruptive events represent formidable challenges to both scientific and policy communities. During the past years, the emergence and evolution of Earth system science has attracted much attention and produced new concepts and frameworks. Especially, novel statistical physics and complex networks-based techniques have been developed and implemented to substantially advance our knowledge of the Earth system, including climate extreme events, earthquakes and geological relief features, leading to substantially improved predictive performances. We present here a comprehensive review on the recent scientific progress in the development and application of how combined statistical physics and complex systems science approaches such as critical phenomena, network theory, percolation, tipping points analysis, and entropy can be applied to complex Earth systems. Notably, these integrating tools and approaches provide new insights and perspectives for understanding the dynamics of the Earth systems. The overall aim of this review is to offer readers the knowledge on how statistical physics concepts and theories can be useful in the field of Earth system science. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7532523/ doi: 10.1016/j.physrep.2020.09.005 id: cord-311868-40bri19f author: Fattahi, A. title: A systemic approach to analyze integrated energy system modeling tools: A review of national models date: 2020-11-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: We reviewed the literature focusing on nineteen integrated Energy System Models (ESMs) to: (i) identify the capabilities and shortcomings of current ESMs to analyze adequately the transition towards a low-carbon energy system; (ii) assess the performance of the selected models by means of the derived criteria, and (iii) discuss some potential solutions to address the ESM gaps. This paper delivers three main outcomes. First, we identify key criteria for analyzing current ESMs and we describe seven current and future low-carbon energy system modeling challenges: the increasing need for flexibility, further electrification, emergence of new technologies, technological learning and efficiency improvements, decentralization, macroeconomic interactions, and the role of social behavior in the energy system transition. These criteria are then translated into required modeling capabilities such as the need for hourly temporal resolution, sectoral coupling technologies (e.g., P2X), technological learning, flexibility technologies, stakeholder behavior, cross border trade, and linking with macroeconomic models. Second, a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) is used as a framework to identify modeling gaps while clarifying high modeling capabilities of MARKAL, TIMES, REMix, PRIMES, and METIS. Third, to bridge major energy modeling gaps, two conceptual modeling suites are suggested, based on both optimization and simulation methodologies, in which the integrated ESM is hard-linked with a regional model and an energy market model and soft-linked with a macroeconomic model. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032120304858 doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110195 id: cord-005078-gr2vioor author: Fedorowicz, Jane title: Reinvention of interorganizational systems: A case analysis of the diffusion of a bio-terror surveillance system date: 2009-04-03 words: 9561.0 sentences: 428.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005078-gr2vioor.txt summary: This paper reports on a case study of BioSense, an interorganizational system that was designed as an early detection tool for bio-terror attacks and subsequently modified to better serve this need as well as to operate as a public health system for pinpointing geographic clusters of dangerous/acute disease outbreaks. This paper reports on a case study of a public health interorganizational system which was initially designed and promoted as an early detection tool for bio-terror attacks and subsequently was modified to serve a broader and more routine public health purpose: identifying geographic clusters of communicable disease outbreaks. Studying the adoption and use of interorganizational systems by collaborating organizations will give researchers insights into the complex world in which both the characteristics of the technology-based innovation and its implementation process combine to determine the role of reinvention in its long term sustainability. abstract: Innovation diffusion theory proposed that adopters—whether individuals or organizations—sometimes reinvent an innovation as they gain experience using it. Reinvention can enhance (or impede) the likelihood of an IS innovation’s acceptance and further diffusion. This paper reports on a case study of BioSense, an interorganizational system that was designed as an early detection tool for bio-terror attacks and subsequently modified to better serve this need as well as to operate as a public health system for pinpointing geographic clusters of dangerous/acute disease outbreaks. By examining the interplay among the political and organizational dynamics and technical properties of the BioSense system, we shed light on processes affecting reinvention in an interorganizational context. We discuss our findings in light of theories of the diffusion and reinvention of innovations. We use Rogers’ (1995) list of factors supporting reinvention to structure the discussion of the fidelity and uniformity of the innovation within the processes it supports in adopting health services organizations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7088276/ doi: 10.1007/s10796-009-9167-y id: cord-032492-2av9kl1c author: Feldman, Sue S. title: Impact of Provider Prior Use of HIE on System Complexity, Performance, Patient Care, Quality and System Concerns date: 2020-09-23 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: To date, most HIE studies have investigated user perceptions of value prior to use. Few studies have assessed factors associated with the value of HIE through its actual use. This study investigates provider perceptions on HIE comparing those who had prior experience vs those who had no experience with it. In so doing, we identify six constructs: prior use, system complexity, system concerns, public/population health, care delivery, and provider performance. This study uses a mixed methods approach to data collection. From 15 interviews of medical community leaders, a survey was constructed and administered to 263 clinicians. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance was used, along with Tukey HSD tests for multiple comparisons. Results indicated providers whom previously used HIE had more positive perceptions about its benefits in terms of system complexity (p = .001), care delivery (p = .000), population health (p = .003), and provider performance (p = .005); women providers were more positive in terms of system concerns (p = .000); patient care (p = .031), and population health (p = .009); providers age 44–55 were more positive than older and younger groups in terms of patient care (p = .032), population health (p = .021), and provider performance (p = .014); while differences also existed across professional license groups (physician, nurse, other license, admin (no license)) for all five constructs (p < .05); and type of organization setting (hospital, ambulatory clinic, medical office, other) for three constructs including system concerns (p = .017), population health (p = .018), and provider performance (p = .018). There were no statistically significant differences found between groups based on a provider’s role in an organization (patient care, administration, teaching/research, other). Different provider perspectives about the value derived from HIE use exist depending on prior experience with HIE, age, gender, license (physician, nurse, other license, admin (no license)), and type of organization setting (hospital, ambulatory clinic, medical office, other). This study draws from the theory of planned behavior to understand factors related to physicians’ perceptions about HIE value, serving as a departure point for more detailed investigations of provider perceptions and behavior in regard to future HIE use and promoting interoperability. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7508630/ doi: 10.1007/s10796-020-10064-x id: cord-016192-xc4ae7c1 author: Fernando, Owen Noel Newton title: Mo-Buzz: Socially-Mediated Collaborative Platform for Ubiquitous Location Based Service date: 2013 words: 2991.0 sentences: 184.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016192-xc4ae7c1.txt summary: It acts as a community platform, where diverse users from geographically distributed locations can collaborate to seek and contribute multimedia contents of such diseases and related issues (breeding sites, etc.). These findings, in concert with emerging needs in public health, lead us to identify the need for a system which enables citizens to track disease spread (search for information), contribute to surveillance efforts by engaging with health authorities (share information) and further disseminate health information through members of their social networks (keep in touch with people/share information) using simple mobile phones or smartphones. To facilitates the general public to contribute to surveillance efforts in the event of disease outbreaks [17] , we have developed a platform, known as Mo-Buzz, which is focused on emergence of mobile phones and social media that will help to transform the way public health is practiced. abstract: This paper describes a middleware platform for user-generated multimedia contents which facilitates visualization and communication of vector-borne diseases (dengue, malaria, etc.). It acts as a community platform, where diverse users from geographically distributed locations can collaborate to seek and contribute multimedia contents of such diseases and related issues (breeding sites, etc.). Some of the essential services supported by the system are display of live hotspots, timeline, multimedia and Twitter-feed visualization, and location based services for both users and authorities. As a proof-of-concept, dengue disease was selected to build services using this platform to observe its capabilities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120404/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-39215-3_44 id: cord-017841-57rm046y author: Flower, Darren R. title: Immunomic Discovery of Adjuvants, Delivery Systems, and Candidate Subunit Vaccines: A Brief Introduction date: 2012-09-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Mass vaccination, when coupled to profound improvements in general sanitation, has given rise to the most remarkable transformation in public health in human history. Yet the development of vaccines remains largely trapped in the past, a hostage to the methodology of Pasteur. Infectious disease continues to threaten humanity, with new and renascent diseases emerging continually. The last two decades have seen a breath-taking revival in the commercial market for vaccines and the simultaneous emergence of a whole tranche of new technologies that promise to free vaccine development from the muddle of empirical thinking. In this short introduction, we set the scene for this renaissance, and explore how the combination of computational and experimental techniques promise so much for the future development of vaccines and the science of vaccinology. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122516/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5070-2_1 id: cord-023913-pnjhi8cu author: Foreman, Stephen title: Broader Considerations of Medical and Dental Data Integration date: 2011-10-08 words: 47663.0 sentences: 2231.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt summary: So while there has been no shortage of effort paid to improving Medicare, the one common theme in all of the recent initiatives is that dental care has been conspicuously 1 A new study by Hedlund, Jeffcoat, Genco and Tanna funded by CIGNA of patients with Type II diabetes and periodontal disease found that medical costs of patients who received maintenance therapy were $2483.51 per year lower than patients who did not. Examples of integrated care models do exist, such as that presented by (Heuer 2007 ) involving school-linked and school-based clinics with an "innovative health infrastructure." According to Heuer, "Neighborhood Outreach Action for Health (NOAH)" is staffed by two nurse practitioners and a part-time physician to provide "primary medical services to more than 3,200 uninsured patients each year" in Scottsdale, Arizona. abstract: Dental health insurance coverage in the United States is either nonexistent (Medicare and the uninsured), spotty (Medicaid) and limited (most employer-based private benefit plans). Perhaps as a result, dental health in the United States is not good. What public policy makers may not appreciate is that this may well be impacting medical care costs in a way that improved dental benefits would produce a substantial return to investment in expanded dental insurance coverage. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7177026/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4471-2185-5_4 id: cord-356353-e6jb0sex author: Fourcade, Marion title: Loops, ladders and links: the recursivity of social and machine learning date: 2020-08-26 words: 14364.0 sentences: 644.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt txt: ./txt/cord-356353-e6jb0sex.txt summary: Both practices rely upon and reinforce a pervasive appetite for digital input or feedback that we characterize as "data hunger." They also share a propensity to assemble insight and make meaning accretively-a propensity that we denote here as "world or meaning accretion." Throughout this article, we probe the dynamic interaction of social and machine learning by drawing examples from one genre of online social contention and connection in which the pervasive influence of machine learning is evident: namely, that which occurs across social media channels and platforms. In such settings, the data accretion upon which machine learning depends for the development of granular insights-and, on social media platforms, associated auctioning and targeting of advertising-compounds the cumulative, sedimentary effect of social data, making negative impressions generated by "revenge porn," or by one''s online identity having been fraudulently coopted, hard to displace or renew. abstract: Machine learning algorithms reshape how people communicate, exchange, and associate; how institutions sort them and slot them into social positions; and how they experience life, down to the most ordinary and intimate aspects. In this article, we draw on examples from the field of social media to review the commonalities, interactions, and contradictions between the dispositions of people and those of machines as they learn from and make sense of each other. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11186-020-09409-x doi: 10.1007/s11186-020-09409-x id: cord-292024-ae7rauc6 author: Fulop, T. title: Immunosenescence is both functional/adaptive and dysfunctional/maladaptive date: 2020-09-15 words: 10195.0 sentences: 543.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292024-ae7rauc6.txt summary: The increased numbers and activity of certain innate or innate-like immune cell subsets with aging might be considered host responses to compensate for the drastic decline in adaptive immune cell development and function [95] . Several studies have also indicated age-related functional changes in DCs, such as impaired expression of TLRs [115] ; decreased production of cytokines, chemokines, and IFN-a after TLR stimulation [112] [113] [114] [115] [116] ; and increased responses to self-antigen [117] . In the meantime, senescent T cells, analogously to other senescent cells arising with age in the body, produce large amounts of proinflammatory cytokines (a phenomenon called senescence-associated secretory phenotype, SASP) as stated by the inflammaging characteristics of the human immune system [141, 142] . Given the central role of Treg cells in immune homeostasis, age-related loss of Treg function would be predicted to render the host susceptible to excessive immunity, encountered in elderly humans as a syndrome of chronic low-grade inflammation [172] . abstract: Alterations in the immune system with aging are considered to underlie many age-related diseases. However, many elderly individuals remain healthy until even a very advanced age. There is also an increase in numbers of centenarians and their apparent fitness. We should therefore change our unilaterally detrimental consideration of age-related immune changes. Recent data taking into consideration the immunobiography concept may allow for meaningful distinctions among various aging trajectories. This implies that the aging immune system has a homeodynamic characteristic balanced between adaptive and maladaptive aspects. The survival and health of an individual depends from the equilibrium of this balance. In this article, we highlight which parts of the aging of the immune system may be considered adaptive in contrast to those that may be maladaptive. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-020-00818-9 doi: 10.1007/s00281-020-00818-9 id: cord-005384-204jch3h author: Gao, Jun title: Multi-objective optimization for sensor placement against suddenly released contaminant in air duct system date: 2017-05-16 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: When a chemical or biological agent is suddenly released into a ventilation system, its dispersion needs to be promptly and accurately detected. In this work, an optimization method for sensors layout in air ductwork was presented. Three optimal objectives were defined, i.e. the minimum detection time, minimum contaminant exposure, and minimum probability of undetected pollution events. Genetic algorithm (GA) method was used to obtain the non-dominated solutions of multiobjectives optimization problem and the global optimal solution was selected among all of the non-dominated solutions by ordering solutions method. Since the biochemical attack occurred in a ventilation system was a random process, two releasing scenarios were proposed, i.e. the uniform and the air volume-based probability distribution. It was found that such a probability distribution affected the results of optimal sensors layout and also resulted in different detect time and different probability of undetected events. It was discussed how the objective functions are being compatible and competitive with each other, and how sensor quantity affect the optimal results and computational load. The impact of changes on other parameters was given, i.e. the deposition coefficient, the air volume distribution and the manual releasing. This work presents an angle of air ductwork design for indoor environment protection and expects to help in realizing the optimized sensor system design for sudden contaminant releasing within ventilation systems. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7091264/ doi: 10.1007/s12273-017-0374-z id: cord-326220-uosjmht0 author: Gaskell, Jen title: Covid‐19 and the Blunders of our Governments: Long‐run System Failings Aggravated by Political Choices date: 2020-08-11 words: 5776.0 sentences: 254.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-326220-uosjmht0.txt summary: Having established a framework for thinking about the causes of governance failure, we need to establish some assessment of the performance of different systems in the unfolding of the Covid-19 crisis during the first half of 2020. The government also benefitted from the collaborative approach taken by the opposition, with Social Democratic Party (SPD) member of parliament Ricardo Baptista Leite observing: ''We''re no longer dealing with the Socialist government; we are dealing with the government of Portugal'', further noting ''We are having very candid but supportive meetings to present constructive criticism and also solutions through back channels, showing a sense of unity for the national interest.'' 11 In Denmark, Prime Minister Metter Fredriksen delivered her lockdown address to the nation on 11 March when the country had around 500 recorded cases, closing schools against the recommendation of its health authorities. abstract: More urgently than ever we need an answer to the question posed by the late Mick Moran in The Political Quarterly nearly two decades ago: ‘if government now invests huge resources in trying to be smart why does it often act so dumb?’. We reflect on this question in the context of governmental responses to Covid‐19 in four steps. First, we argue that blunders occur because of systemic weaknesses that stimulate poor policy choices. Second, we review and assess the performance of governments on Covid‐19 across a range of advanced democracies. Third, in the light of these comparisons we argue that the UK system of governance has proved itself vulnerable to failure at the time when its citizens most needed it. Finally, we outline an agenda of reform that seeks to rectify structural weaknesses of that governance capacity. url: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-923x.12894 doi: 10.1111/1467-923x.12894 id: cord-269821-j4w084u2 author: Gaupp, Franziska title: Extreme Events in a Globalized Food System date: 2020-06-19 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Our food systems are complex and globally interdependent and are presently struggling to feed the world’s population. As population grows and the world becomes increasingly unstable and subject to shocks, it is imperative that we acknowledge the systemic nature of our food system and enhance its resilience. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S259033222030261X doi: 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.06.001 id: cord-103490-cy6db8bf author: Gerritse, Emma J. title: Bias in Conversational Search: The Double-Edged Sword of the Personalized Knowledge Graph date: 2020-10-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Conversational AI systems are being used in personal devices, providing users with highly personalized content. Personalized knowledge graphs (PKGs) are one of the recently proposed methods to store users' information in a structured form and tailor answers to their liking. Personalization, however, is prone to amplifying bias and contributing to the echo-chamber phenomenon. In this paper, we discuss different types of biases in conversational search systems, with the emphasis on the biases that are related to PKGs. We review existing definitions of bias in the literature: people bias, algorithm bias, and a combination of the two, and further propose different strategies for tackling these biases for conversational search systems. Finally, we discuss methods for measuring bias and evaluating user satisfaction. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.10409v1.pdf doi: 10.1145/3409256.3409834 id: cord-325445-80p6wthw author: Goh, Ong Sing title: Query Based Intelligent Web Interaction with Real World Knowledge date: 2008-03-14 words: 7009.0 sentences: 443.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-325445-80p6wthw.txt summary: To overcome the above limitations, this paper proposed an integrated system comprises of an artificial intelligent conversation software robot or chatterbot, called Artificial Intelligence Natural-language Identity (hereafter, AINI), and an Automated Knowledge Extraction Agent (AKEA) for the acquisition of real world knowledge from the Internet. The aim of the project is to develop an intelligent conversation agent called AINI to answer domain specific questions as well as open-domain (or common sense) questions. The key contribution described in this paper is the integration of the common sense knowledge and domain specific knowledge in the form of a "knowledge matrix." The system is based on a layered and modular design, and the answers for the queries are searched from these modules. As shown in Fig. 1 and 2 , AINI''s domain-specific knowledge bases consist of Natural Language Corpus and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ). abstract: This paper describes an integrated system based on open-domain and domain-specific knowledge for the purpose of providing query-based intelligent web interaction. It is understood that general purpose conversational agents are not able to answer questions on specific domain subject. On the other hand, domain specific systems lack the flexibility to handle common sense questions. To overcome the above limitations, this paper proposed an integrated system comprises of an artificial intelligent conversation software robot or chatterbot, called Artificial Intelligence Natural-language Identity (hereafter, AINI), and an Automated Knowledge Extraction Agent (AKEA) for the acquisition of real world knowledge from the Internet. The objective of AKEA is to retrieve real world knowledge or information from trustworthy websites. AINI is the mechanism used to manage the knowledge and to provide appropriate answer to the user. In this paper, we compare the performance of the proposed system against two popular search engines, two question answering systems and two other conversational systems. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00354-007-0031-7 doi: 10.1007/s00354-007-0031-7 id: cord-032466-1nfp1hcs author: Gong, Liang title: Interaction design for multi-user virtual reality systems: An automotive case study date: 2020-09-22 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Virtual reality (VR) technology have become ever matured today. Various research and practice have demonstrated the potential benefits of using VR in different application area of manufacturing, such as in factory layout planning, product design, training, etc. However, along with the new possibilities brought by VR, comes with the new ways for users to communicate with the computer system. The human computer interaction design for these VR systems becomes pivotal to the smooth integration. In this paper, it reports the study that investigates interaction design strategies for the multi-user VR system used in manufacturing context though an automotive case study. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7508012/ doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2020.04.036 id: cord-146850-5x6qs2i4 author: Gupta, Abhishek title: The State of AI Ethics Report (June 2020) date: 2020-06-25 words: 47077.0 sentences: 1634.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-146850-5x6qs2i4.txt summary: Another point brought up in the article is that social media companies might themselves be unwilling to tolerate scraping of their users'' data to do this sort of vetting which against their terms of use for access to the APIs. Borrowing from the credit reporting world, the Fair Credit Reporting Act in the US offers some insights when it mentions that people need to be provided with a recourse to correct information that is used about them in making a decision and that due consent needs to be obtained prior to utilizing such tools to do a background check. Given that AI systems operate in a larger socio-technical ecosystem, we need to tap into fields like law and policy making to come up with effective ways of integrating ethics into AI systems, part of which can involve creating binding legal agreements that tie in with economic incentives.While policy making and law are often seen as slow to adapt to fast changing technology, there are a variety of benefits to be had, for example higher customer trust for services that have adherence to stringent regulations regarding privacy and data protection. abstract: These past few months have been especially challenging, and the deployment of technology in ways hitherto untested at an unrivalled pace has left the internet and technology watchers aghast. Artificial intelligence has become the byword for technological progress and is being used in everything from helping us combat the COVID-19 pandemic to nudging our attention in different directions as we all spend increasingly larger amounts of time online. It has never been more important that we keep a sharp eye out on the development of this field and how it is shaping our society and interactions with each other. With this inaugural edition of the State of AI Ethics we hope to bring forward the most important developments that caught our attention at the Montreal AI Ethics Institute this past quarter. Our goal is to help you navigate this ever-evolving field swiftly and allow you and your organization to make informed decisions. This pulse-check for the state of discourse, research, and development is geared towards researchers and practitioners alike who are making decisions on behalf of their organizations in considering the societal impacts of AI-enabled solutions. We cover a wide set of areas in this report spanning Agency and Responsibility, Security and Risk, Disinformation, Jobs and Labor, the Future of AI Ethics, and more. Our staff has worked tirelessly over the past quarter surfacing signal from the noise so that you are equipped with the right tools and knowledge to confidently tread this complex yet consequential domain. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.14662v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-289775-40bi87iz author: Haines, David E. title: Heart Rhythm Society Expert Consensus Statement on Electrophysiology Laboratory Standards: Process, Protocols, Equipment, Personnel, and Safety date: 2014-05-07 words: 28535.0 sentences: 1331.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-289775-40bi87iz.txt summary: The specific criteria for recredentialing are determined by each individual hospital, but should generally parallel the following recommendations: ABIM CCEP board certification and IBHRE certification are limited to 10 years; to stay current for CCEP, the physician must complete a series of CME and/or practice improvement activities 9 ; recertification examination for CCEP and CCDS are each required at 10-year intervals; to ensure that cognitive and technical skills are maintained, the physician''s clinical competence must be evaluated and documented on a regular basis; it is the responsibility of the medical staff credentialing committee to ensure that physicians perform the necessary number of evaluations and procedures needed to maintain their expertise 31 and also that they participate in regular CME activities. The procedure report should include, at minimum, all the following: the primary and secondary operators, the indication for the procedure, names and doses of any medications administered, catheter/pacing/ICD lead model and serial numbers, insertion sites and intracardiac destinations, findings and procedure performed, complications encountered, and fluoroscopic exposure (fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, and the dose-area product) by an Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS)/Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)-certified nurse. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1547527114003348 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.03.042 id: cord-335166-60lfjfvs author: Hanney, Stephen R. title: How to strengthen a health research system: WHO’s review, whose literature and who is providing leadership? date: 2020-06-23 words: 8484.0 sentences: 352.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335166-60lfjfvs.txt summary: There is increasing support for the engagement of stakeholders in setting the priorities for research as well as in research processes and translation [7, 38, 51, 58, 59] Adopt monitoring and evaluation tools that focus on the objectives of the NHRS, including health system improvement A range of documents, including ones on the NIHR [24] , HRB [60] and Rwandan strategies [14] , and the World Health Report 2013 [1] , demonstrate the importance of adopting monitoring and evaluation approaches that include a focus on assessing the impacts of research on health polices/practice and the economy, e.g. through application of the Payback Framework [60, 61] Develop/participate in partnerships across regions, bilaterally or within the NHRS Examples of progress made by partnerships between countries, sometimes along with international organisations and donors, include the WAHO interventions [5, 37, 53, 54] and the work of WHO regional offices for Africa [11, 26] implemented in practice within research organisations [74] and how evidence is used in decision-making in crisis zones [75] . abstract: BACKGROUND: Health research is important for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. However, there are many challenges facing health research, including securing sufficient funds, building capacity, producing research findings and using both local and global evidence, and avoiding waste. A WHO initiative addressed these challenges by developing a conceptual framework with four functions to guide the development of national health research systems. Despite some progress, more is needed before health research systems can meet their full potential of improving health systems. The WHO Regional Office for Europe commissioned an evidence synthesis of the systems-level literature. This Opinion piece considers its findings before reflecting on the vast additional literature available on the range of specific health research system functions related to the various challenges. Finally, it considers who should lead research system strengthening. MAIN TEXT: The evidence synthesis identifies two main approaches for strengthening national health research systems, namely implementing comprehensive and coherent strategies and participation in partnerships. The literature describing these approaches at the systems level also provides data on ways to strengthen each of the four functions of governance, securing financing, capacity-building, and production and use of research. Countries effectively implementing strategies include England, Ireland and Rwanda, whereas West Africa experienced effective partnerships. Recommended policy approaches for system strengthening are context specific. The vast literature on each function and the ever-growing evidence-base are illustrated by considering papers in just one key journal, Health Research Policy and Systems, and analysing the contribution of two national studies. A review of the functions of the Iranian system identifies over 200 relevant and mostly national records; an analysis of the creation of the English National Institute for Health Research describes the key leadership role played by the health department. Furthermore, WHO is playing leadership roles in helping coordinate partnerships within and across health research systems that have been attempting to tackle the COVID-19 crisis. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence synthesis provides a firm basis for decision-making by policy-makers and research leaders looking to strengthen national health research systems within their own national context. It identifies five crucial policy approaches — conducting situation analysis, sustaining a comprehensive strategy, engaging stakeholders, evaluating impacts on health systems, and partnership participation. The vast and ever-growing additional literature could provide further perspectives, including on crucial leadership roles for health ministries. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32571364/ doi: 10.1186/s12961-020-00581-1 id: cord-291786-66c8xta0 author: He, Shaobo title: SEIR modeling of the COVID-19 and its dynamics date: 2020-06-18 words: 5103.0 sentences: 377.0 pages: flesch: 68.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291786-66c8xta0.txt summary: In this paper, a SEIR epidemic model for the COVID-19 is built according to some general control strategies, such as hospital, quarantine and external input. 3, the SEIR model is applied to the COVID-19 data of Hubei province where the PSO algorithm is introduced to estimate the parameters. In this section, through the actual COVID-19 data from Hubei province, the PSO algorithm is utilized to estimate the parameters of the proposed SEIR model to fit the real situation. The initial values setting of SEIR model is presented in Table 4 , where N is the total population of Hubei affected by the COVID-19 epidemic in January 24th, 2020, and E is calculated based on the number of confirmed patients. Moreover, the control measures for containing the Error ×10 4 Fig. 3 The error convergence curve of PSO algorithm in the inhibition stage outbreak are more and more powerful; thus, the system parameter should be time varying variables. abstract: In this paper, a SEIR epidemic model for the COVID-19 is built according to some general control strategies, such as hospital, quarantine and external input. Based on the data of Hubei province, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to estimate the parameters of the system. We found that the parameters of the proposed SEIR model are different for different scenarios. Then, the model is employed to show the evolution of the epidemic in Hubei province, which shows that it can be used to forecast COVID-19 epidemic situation. Moreover, by introducing the seasonality and stochastic infection the parameters, nonlinear dynamics including chaos are found in the system. Finally, we discussed the control strategies of the COVID-19 based on the structure and parameters of the proposed model. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32836803/ doi: 10.1007/s11071-020-05743-y id: cord-018947-d4im0p9e author: Helbing, Dirk title: Challenges in Economics date: 2012-02-10 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: In the same way as the Hilbert Program was a response to the foundational crisis of mathematics [1], this article tries to formulate a research program for the socio-economic sciences. The aim of this contribution is to stimulate research in order to close serious knowledge gaps in mainstream economics that the recent financial and economic crisis has revealed. By identifying weak points of conventional approaches in economics, we identify the scientific problems which need to be addressed. We expect that solving these questions will bring scientists in a position to give better decision support and policy advice. We also indicate, what kinds of insights can be contributed by scientists from other research fields such as physics, biology, computer and social science. In order to make a quick progress and gain a systemic understanding of the whole interconnected socio-economic-environmental system, using the data, information and computer systems available today and in the near future, we suggest a multi-disciplinary collaboration as most promising research approach. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123964/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-24004-1_16 id: cord-311558-1y6z8qso author: Henry, Caitlin title: Palliative Space-Time: Expanding and Contracting Geographies of US Health Care date: 2020-09-19 words: 8232.0 sentences: 450.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt txt: ./txt/cord-311558-1y6z8qso.txt summary: Developed out of research on the impacts of hospital restructuring on workers, patients, and communities, this paper aims to understand how health care financing, care needs for the ageing, and new geographies of health services are intertwined. I paired this news analysis with a review of secondary literature (primarily from health economics and public health) focusing on studies done since 1982 on the impacts of the prospective payment system on hospital financing and the use and cost effectiveness of hospice. Finally, I apply the idea of palliative space-time to these contradictory J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f changes, to reveal a death-focused logic at work in US health care today and consider what alternative possibilities exist. PST is useful for understanding the implications of those two legislative changes of the early 1980s: the callous palliative state of the health care system, with the care-full service of hospice. abstract: Two important changes are happening in health care in the US. As hospitals close in high numbers, the geographies of health care services are changing. Also, the ageing of the population brings about new and complex care needs. These are not discrete trends, as ageing impacts the who, what, and where of care needs, and hospital closures remakes the geographies of where people overall access care. Developed out of research on the impacts of hospital restructuring on workers, patients, and communities, this paper aims to understand how health care financing, care needs for the ageing, and new geographies of health services are intertwined. To do so, I look back to 1980s policy changes to Medicare, the federal health insurance program for the elderly and disabled. In 1982, Congress made two important changes to Medicare. The program began covering hospice services, constituting an expansion of care, and the government drastically changed the way it reimburses providers, effectively a contraction of the program. I trace the impacts of these changes over the next decades through analysis of media coverage and secondary research on hospital budgets. Drawing on the concept of palliative space-time, I identify a contradictory logic of death at the center of this expansion and contraction of the health care system. This death logic works to destabilize an already uneven geography of health service. Yet, this crisis has the potential for more just geographies of health and care. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953620305967?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113377 id: cord-011871-hlykwius author: Himmler, Sebastian title: Willingness to pay for an early warning system for infectious diseases date: 2020-03-16 words: 6974.0 sentences: 319.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011871-hlykwius.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011871-hlykwius.txt summary: As a first step to determine whether investing in such a system offers value for money, this study used contingent valuation to estimate people''s willingness to pay for such an early warning system in six European countries. Overall, our results indicate that approximately 80–90% of people would be willing to pay for an increase in health safety in the form of an early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks. To estimate the WTP for an international integrated early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks, we conducted contingent valuation experiments utilising general population samples from six European countries: Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, The Netherlands, and the UK. To estimate the value of an international integrated early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks aimed at increasing health safety, we developed a two-stage contingent valuation experiment. abstract: Early warning systems for infectious diseases and foodborne outbreaks are designed with the aim of increasing the health safety of citizens. As a first step to determine whether investing in such a system offers value for money, this study used contingent valuation to estimate people’s willingness to pay for such an early warning system in six European countries. The contingent valuation experiment was conducted through online questionnaires administered in February to March 2018 to cross-sectional, representative samples in the UK, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Italy, and The Netherlands, yielding a total sample size of 3140. Mean willingness to pay for an early warning system was €21.80 (median €10.00) per household per month. Pooled regression results indicate that willingness to pay increased with household income and risk aversion, while they decreased with age. Overall, our results indicate that approximately 80–90% of people would be willing to pay for an increase in health safety in the form of an early warning system for infectious diseases and food-borne outbreaks. However, our results have to be interpreted in light of the usual drawbacks of willingness to pay experiments. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s10198-020-01171-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7364296/ doi: 10.1007/s10198-020-01171-2 id: cord-332432-q7u943k6 author: Hofkirchner, Wolfgang title: A paradigm shift for the Great Bifurcation date: 2020-06-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: This paper is an attempt to achieve an understanding of the situation the evolution of humanity is confronted with in the age of global challenges. Since global challenges are problems of unprecedented complexity, it is argued that a secular paradigm shift is required away from the overemphasis on allegedly neutral standpoints, on a mechanistic picture of the world and on deductive logics towards accounts of emergence, of systemicity, informationality and conviviality, building upon each other and providing together a transdisciplinary edifice of the sciences, in the end, for, and by the inclusion of, citizens. Viewed from such a combined perspective, the current social evolution is punctuated by a Great Bifurcation similar to bifurcations other emergent systems have been facing. On the one hand, humankind is on the brink of extinction. It is the world occurrence of the enclosure of commons that is detrimental to sharing the systemic synergy effects and thus to the cohesion of social systems. On the other hand, humanity is on the threshold of a planetary society. Another leap in integration would be the appropriate response to the complexity confronted with. Humans and their social systems are informational agents and, as such, they are able to generate requisite information and use it to catch up with the complex challenges. They can establish convivial rules of living together in that they disclose the commons world-wide. By doing so, they would accomplish another evolutionary step in anthroposociogenesis. The concept of the Global Sustainable Information Society describes the framework of necessary conditions of conviviality under the new circumstances. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104193 doi: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104193 id: cord-018917-7px75s3c author: Hopkins, Richard S. title: Informatics in Disease Prevention and Epidemiology date: 2013-07-29 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: This chapter provides a description of the components of disease prevention and control programs, and then focuses on information systems designed to support public health surveillance, epidemiologic investigation of cases and outbreaks, and case management. For each such system, we describe sources used to acquire necessary data for use by public health agencies, and the technology used to clean, manage, organize, and display the information. We discuss challenges and successes in sharing information among these various systems, and opportunities presented by emerging technologies. Systems to support public health surveillance may support traditional passive case-reporting, as enhanced by electronic laboratory reporting and (emerging) direct reporting from electronic health records, and also a wide variety of different surveillance systems. We address syndromic surveillance and other novel approaches including registries for reporting and follow-up of cases of cancer, birth defects, lead poisoning, hepatitis B, etc., and population-based surveys (such as BRFSS or PRAMS). Systems to support epidemiologic investigation of outbreaks and clusters include generic tools such as Excel, SAS, SPSS, and R, and specialized tool-kits for epidemiologic analysis such as Epi-Info. In addition to supporting outbreak investigation, agencies also need systems to collect and manage summary information about outbreaks, investigations, and responses. Systems to support case management, contact tracing, and case-based disease control interventions are often integrated to some degree with surveillance systems. We focus on opportunities and choices in the design and implementation of these systems. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123923/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4471-4237-9_14 id: cord-010406-uwt95kk8 author: Hu, Paul Jen-Hwa title: System for Infectious Disease Information Sharing and Analysis: Design and Evaluation date: 2007-07-10 words: 6883.0 sentences: 358.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010406-uwt95kk8.txt summary: Motivated by the importance of infectious disease informatics (IDI) and the challenges to IDI system development and data sharing, we design and implement BioPortal, a Web-based IDI system that integrates cross-jurisdictional data to support information sharing, analysis, and visualization in public health. In this paper, we discuss general challenges in IDI, describe BioPortal''s architecture and functionalities, and highlight encouraging evaluation results obtained from a controlled experiment that focused on analysis accuracy, task performance efficiency, user information satisfaction, system usability, usefulness, and ease of use. To support the surveillance and detection of infectious disease outbreaks by public health professionals, we design and implement the BioPortal system, a web-based IDI system that provides convenient access to distributed, cross-jurisdictional health data pertaining to several major infectious diseases including West Nile virus (WNV), foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), and botulism. abstract: Motivated by the importance of infectious disease informatics (IDI) and the challenges to IDI system development and data sharing, we design and implement BioPortal, a Web-based IDI system that integrates cross-jurisdictional data to support information sharing, analysis, and visualization in public health. In this paper, we discuss general challenges in IDI, describe BioPortal's architecture and functionalities, and highlight encouraging evaluation results obtained from a controlled experiment that focused on analysis accuracy, task performance efficiency, user information satisfaction, system usability, usefulness, and ease of use. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186032/ doi: 10.1109/titb.2007.893286 id: cord-004995-5jmjejbp author: Hunt, Hamish C. title: Optofluidic integration for microanalysis date: 2007-09-11 words: 17310.0 sentences: 797.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004995-5jmjejbp.txt summary: Integration of waveguides from which light emerges into a microfluidic channel is an attractive advance upon the use of external lenses or the hybrid integration of individual optical fibres to realise dual-beam traps, in terms of robustness, alignment and potential for mass production. Detection and analysis of chemical and biochemical species in microfluidic systems is challenging due to short optical path-lengths, small sample volumes, and the need to analyse individual particles or molecules. This section reviews optical detection schemes for chemical analysis in microfluidic systems, divided according to the principal optical phenomena employed: scattering, absorption, refractive index, fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, and thermal lensing. Kamei and Wada (2006) built upon earlier work (Kamei et al 2005) demonstrating microfluidic separation of biomolecules, and realised a detection platform shown in Fig. 11 , which included a 2 mm diameter half-ball lens for fluorescence collection, a microstructured interference filter deposited directly on a pin photodiode, and an aperture through the centre of the detector and filter via which excitation light from a 488 nm frequency-doubled VCSEL was introduced. abstract: This review describes recent research in the application of optical techniques to microfluidic systems for chemical and biochemical analysis. The “lab-on-a-chip” presents great benefits in terms of reagent and sample consumption, speed, precision, and automation of analysis, and thus cost and ease of use, resulting in rapidly escalating adoption of microfluidic approaches. The use of light for detection of particles and chemical species within these systems is widespread because of the sensitivity and specificity which can be achieved, and optical trapping, manipulation and sorting of particles show significant benefits in terms of discrimination and reconfigurability. Nonetheless, the full integration of optical functions within microfluidic chips is in its infancy, and this review aims to highlight approaches, which may contribute to further miniaturisation and integration. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087941/ doi: 10.1007/s10404-007-0223-y id: cord-029674-qcu7vm05 author: Ioannidou, Alexandra title: The political economy of adult learning systems date: 2020-07-24 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7378305/ doi: 10.1007/s40955-020-00166-z id: cord-353787-24c98ug8 author: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 words: 8770.0 sentences: 333.0 pages: flesch: 26.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt summary: Measurement of immune expression may help define individual heterogeneity in infectious disease susceptibility and transmission and facilitate our understanding of infection dynamics and risk in the natural environment; furthermore, it may provide a means of surveillance that can filter individuals carrying previously unknown acute infections of potential ecological or zoonotic importance. Potentiating much of this is the possibility of combining gene expression profiles with analytical tools derived from ecology and systems biology to reverse engineer interaction networks between immune responses, other organismal traits and the environment (including symbiont exposures), revealing regulatory architecture. Studies in wild field voles, briefly reviewed below, have aimed to identify distributional infection patterns associated with different antipathogen strategies in natural populations and to link these to expression signatures in immune-relevant genes. abstract: Transcriptomic methods are set to revolutionize the study of the immune system in naturally occurring nonmodel organisms. With this in mind, the present article focuses on ways in which the use of ‘nonmodel’ rodents (not the familiar laboratory species) can advance studies into the classical, but ever relevant, epidemiologic triad of immune defence, infectious disease and environment. For example, naturally occurring rodents are an interesting system in which to study the environmental stimuli that drive the development and homeostasis of the immune system and, by extension, to identify where these stimuli are altered in anthropogenic environments leading to the formation of immunopathological phenotypes. Measurement of immune expression may help define individual heterogeneity in infectious disease susceptibility and transmission and facilitate our understanding of infection dynamics and risk in the natural environment; furthermore, it may provide a means of surveillance that can filter individuals carrying previously unknown acute infections of potential ecological or zoonotic importance. Finally, the study of immunology in wild animals may reveal interactions within the immune system and between immunity and other organismal traits that are not observable under restricted laboratory conditions. Potentiating much of this is the possibility of combining gene expression profiles with analytical tools derived from ecology and systems biology to reverse engineer interaction networks between immune responses, other organismal traits and the environment (including symbiont exposures), revealing regulatory architecture. Such holistic studies promise to link ecology, epidemiology and immunology in natural systems in a unified approach that can illuminate important problems relevant to human health and animal welfare and production. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25689683/ doi: 10.1111/pim.12180 id: cord-256408-bf79lj4f author: Jayasinghe, Saroj title: Social determinants of health inequalities: towards a theoretical perspective using systems science date: 2015-08-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: A systems approach offers a novel conceptualization to natural and social systems. In recent years, this has led to perceiving population health outcomes as an emergent property of a dynamic and open, complex adaptive system. The current paper explores these themes further and applies the principles of systems approach and complexity science (i.e. systems science) to conceptualize social determinants of health inequalities. The conceptualization can be done in two steps: viewing health inequalities from a systems approach and extending it to include complexity science. Systems approach views health inequalities as patterns within the larger rubric of other facets of the human condition, such as educational outcomes and economic development. This anlysis requires more sophisticated models such as systems dynamic models. An extension of the approach is to view systems as complex adaptive systems, i.e. systems that are 'open' and adapt to the environment. They consist of dynamic adapting subsystems that exhibit non-linear interactions, while being 'open' to a similarly dynamic environment of interconnected systems. They exhibit emergent properties that cannot be estimated with precision by using the known interactions among its components (such as economic development, political freedom, health system, culture etc.). Different combinations of the same bundle of factors or determinants give rise to similar patterns or outcomes (i.e. property of convergence), and minor variations in the initial condition could give rise to widely divergent outcomes. Novel approaches using computer simulation models (e.g. agent-based models) would shed light on possible mechanisms as to how factors or determinants interact and lead to emergent patterns of health inequalities of populations. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-015-0205-8 doi: 10.1186/s12939-015-0205-8 id: cord-120017-vsoc9v85 author: Jiang, Helen title: Usable Security for ML Systems in Mental Health: A Framework date: 2020-08-18 words: 7356.0 sentences: 307.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt txt: ./txt/cord-120017-vsoc9v85.txt summary: We aim to weave together threads from different domains, incorporate existing views, and propose new principles and requirements, in an effort to lay out a clear framework where criteria and expectations are established, and are used to make security mechanisms usable for end-users of those ML systems in mental health. In this short paper, we propose that ML systems in mental health use cases, beyond the privacy and security requirements already mandated by legislation''s and regulations -for example, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) [38, 43, 64] in United States, and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in European Union and its member states'' national laws [11, 12] -should consider properties of usable security proposed by this framework''s four pillars, and be evaluated on their (1)context models, (2)functionality criteria, (3)trustworthiness requirements, and (4)recovery principles across their life cycles. abstract: While the applications and demands of Machine learning (ML) systems in mental health are growing, there is little discussion nor consensus regarding a uniquely challenging aspect: building security methods and requirements into these ML systems, and keep the ML system usable for end-users. This question of usable security is very important, because the lack of consideration in either security or usability would hinder large-scale user adoption and active usage of ML systems in mental health applications. In this short paper, we introduce a framework of four pillars, and a set of desired properties which can be used to systematically guide and evaluate security-related designs, implementations, and deployments of ML systems for mental health. We aim to weave together threads from different domains, incorporate existing views, and propose new principles and requirements, in an effort to lay out a clear framework where criteria and expectations are established, and are used to make security mechanisms usable for end-users of those ML systems in mental health. Together with this framework, we present several concrete scenarios where different usable security cases and profiles in ML-systems in mental health applications are examined and evaluated. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.07738v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-021248-ui1di3qa author: Jung, Kwangho title: A systematic review of RFID applications and diffusion: key areas and public policy issues date: 2015-09-04 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: RFID applicants called as e-ID, smart tag, and contactless smart card are being applied to numerous areas in our daily life, including tracking manufactured goods, currency, and patients to payments systems. To review these various applications of RFID is important to exploring not only ongoing e-governance issues such as digital identification, delivery process, and governance but also business oriented application areas like supply chain. Through a systematic review methodology from 111 previous studies about RFID technology for public sector, we found six key areas of RFID applications: defense and security, identification, environmental applications, transportation, healthcare and welfare, and agriculture-livestock. We also suggest that the diffusion and applications of RFID can involve unexpected disadvantages including technological deficiency, uncertain benefits, dubious transparency, uncomfortable privacy issue, and unequal distribution of digital power and literacy. Further research on RFID impact includes not only various theoretical issues of but also legal and managerial problems. Rigorous research is required to explore what factors are critical to adopt and implement new RFID applications in terms of technology governance and digital literacy. Massive data driven research is also expected to identify RFID performance in government agencies and various industry sectors. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7149195/ doi: 10.1186/s40852-015-0010-z id: cord-309379-ml75kvl5 author: Kanger, Laur title: Emergence, consolidation and dominance of meta-regimes: Exploring the historical evolution of mass production (1765–1972) from the deep transitions perspective date: 2020-09-09 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Grand environmental and societal challenges have drawn increasing attention to system innovation and socio-technical transitions. A recent Deep Transitions framework has provided a comprehensive theory of the co-evolutionary patterns of multiple socio-technical systems over the last 250 years. However, so far the framework has not been subjected to systematic empirical exploration. In this paper we address this gap by exploring the co-evolutionary model linking niche-level dynamics, transitions in single systems and ‘great surges of development’, as conceptualized by Schot and Kanger (2018) [1]. For this purpose, we conduct a case study on the historical evolution of mass production in the Transatlantic region from 1765 to 1972. Instead of focusing on dominant technologies or common practices the development of mass production is understood as the emergence of a meta-regime, i.e. a set of mutually aligned rules guiding production activities in multiple socio-technical systems. The results broadly confirm the overall model but also enable to extend the Deep Transitions framework by uncovering new mechanisms and patterns in the variation, diffusion and contestation of meta-regimes. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101393 doi: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101393 id: cord-338512-vz0jos3f author: Katz, Rebecca title: Redefining syndromic surveillance date: 2011-08-18 words: 5779.0 sentences: 321.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338512-vz0jos3f.txt summary: By providing an accurate and comprehensive picture of this fieldÕs capabilities, and differentiating among system types, a unified understanding of the syndromic surveillance field can be developed, encouraging the adoption, investment in, and implementation of these systems in settings that need bolstered surveillance capacity, particularly low-and middle-income countries. In addition, any other syndrome of severe illness not included in the above should be notified if an outbreak is of urgent international public health importance'''' [31] ''''[In developing countries,] syndromic surveillance can identify outbreaks that do not fall into pre-established diagnostic categories, a capability essential for prompt control of new or changing diseases'''' [12] Southeast AsiaÕs Early Warning Outbreak Recognition System (EWORS) provides surveillance of 29 non-specific signs and symptoms, which are not grouped into specific syndromes [50] clarified by separating the definition of syndromic surveillance into two separate terms: SBS and SNS. abstract: With growing concerns about international spread of disease and expanding use of early disease detection surveillance methods, the field of syndromic surveillance has received increased attention over the last decade. The purpose of this article is to clarify the various meanings that have been assigned to the term syndromic surveillance and to propose a refined categorization of the characteristics of these systems. Existing literature and conference proceedings were examined on syndromic surveillance from 1998 to 2010, focusing on low- and middle-income settings. Based on the 36 unique definitions of syndromic surveillance found in the literature, five commonly accepted principles of syndromic surveillance systems were identified, as well as two fundamental categories: specific and non-specific disease detection. Ultimately, the proposed categorization of syndromic surveillance distinguishes between systems that focus on detecting defined syndromes or outcomes of interest and those that aim to uncover non-specific trends that suggest an outbreak may be occurring. By providing an accurate and comprehensive picture of this field’s capabilities, and differentiating among system types, a unified understanding of the syndromic surveillance field can be developed, encouraging the adoption, investment in, and implementation of these systems in settings that need bolstered surveillance capacity, particularly low- and middle-income countries. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210600611000050 doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2011.06.003 id: cord-276218-dcg9oq6y author: Kim, Jihoon title: Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine date: 2020-07-07 words: 10681.0 sentences: 496.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276218-dcg9oq6y.txt summary: The use of classical cell line and animal model systems in biomedical research during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has been successful in many areas, such as improving our understanding of cellular signalling pathways, identifying potential drug targets and guiding the design of candidate drugs for pathologies including cancer and infectious disease. The advent of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and diverse human AdSC culture methods has made it possible, for the first time, to generate laboratory models specific to an individual 32 . A number of studies have used 3D human stem cell-derived systems, including neurosphere culture and brain organoid models, to reveal the effect of ZIKV infection on human brain development 80, 81 . abstract: The historical reliance of biological research on the use of animal models has sometimes made it challenging to address questions that are specific to the understanding of human biology and disease. But with the advent of human organoids — which are stem cell-derived 3D culture systems — it is now possible to re-create the architecture and physiology of human organs in remarkable detail. Human organoids provide unique opportunities for the study of human disease and complement animal models. Human organoids have been used to study infectious diseases, genetic disorders and cancers through the genetic engineering of human stem cells, as well as directly when organoids are generated from patient biopsy samples. This Review discusses the applications, advantages and disadvantages of human organoids as models of development and disease and outlines the challenges that have to be overcome for organoids to be able to substantially reduce the need for animal experiments. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32636524/ doi: 10.1038/s41580-020-0259-3 id: cord-336621-0w3rroir author: Kim, Kyoung Ok title: A first step toward understanding patient safety date: 2016-07-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Patient safety has become an important policy agenda in healthcare systems since publication of the 1999 report entitled "To Err Is Human." The paradigm has changed from blaming the individual for the error to identifying the weakness in the system that led to the adverse events. Anesthesia is one of the first healthcare specialties to adopt techniques and lessons from the aviation industry. The widespread use of simulation programs and the application of human factors engineering to clinical practice are the influences of the aviation industry. Despite holding relatively advanced medical technology and comparable safety records, the Korean health industry has little understanding of the systems approach to patient safety. Because implementation of the existing system and program requires time, dedication, and financial support, the Korean healthcare industry is in urgent need of developing patient safety policies and putting them into practice to improve patient safety before it is too late. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27703622/ doi: 10.4097/kjae.2016.69.5.429 id: cord-018723-qd9ps3zb author: Kizza, Joseph Migga title: Introduction to Computer Network Vulnerabilities date: 2017-02-21 words: 7028.0 sentences: 373.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-018723-qd9ps3zb.txt summary: Among the most frequently mentioned sources of security vulnerability problems in computer networks are design flaws, poor security management, incorrect implementation, Internet technology vulnerability, the nature of intruder activity, the difficulty of fixing vulnerable systems, the limits of effectiveness of reactive solutions, and social engineering [2] . Hardware systems are less susceptible to design flaws than their software counterparts owing to less complexity, which makes them easier to test; limited number of possible inputs and expected outcomes, again making it easy to test and verify; and the long history of hardware engineering. Despite the wails of the critics, major open-source products such as Linux operating system have turned out with few security flaws; still there are fears that hackers can look at the code and perhaps find a way to cause mischief or steal information. abstract: System vulnerabilities are weaknesses in the software or hardware on a server or a client that can be exploited by a determined intruder to gain access to or shut down a network. Donald Pipkin defines system vulnerability as a condition, a weakness of or an absence of security procedure, or technical, physical, or other controls that could be exploited by a threat [1]. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123680/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-55606-2_4 id: cord-025927-caoklx9l author: Kizza, Joseph Migga title: Introduction to Computer Network Vulnerabilities date: 2020-02-07 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: System vulnerabilities are weaknesses in the software or hardware on a server or a client that can be exploited by a determined intruder to gain access to or shut down a network. Vulnerabilities exist not only in the hardware and software that constitute a computer system but also in policies and procedures, especially security policies and procedures, that are used in a computer network system and in users and employees of the computer network systems. Vulnerabilities can be found in so many areas in a network system and are indeed anything in a computer network that has the potential to cause or be exploited for an advantage. This chapter explores the sources and assessment of a computer network system’s vulnerabilities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7268207/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-38141-7_4 id: cord-347566-8x4vwarn author: Klerkx, Laurens title: Supporting food systems transformation: The what, why, who, where and how of mission-oriented agricultural innovation systems date: 2020-08-05 words: 6387.0 sentences: 335.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-347566-8x4vwarn.txt summary: We review pertinent literature from innovation, transition and policy sciences, and argue that a mission-oriented agricultural innovation systems (MAIS) approach can help understand how agricultural innovation systems at different geographical scales develop to enable food systems transformation, in terms of forces, catalysts, and barriers in transformative food systems change. We argue that studying AIS as a ''mission-oriented agricultural innovation system'' (MAIS) would enable a better understanding of forces, interactions, catalysts, barriers in transformative food systems change, as so far studies on AIS have rarely engaged with issues such as directionality, power, and the diversity of food systems futures (Hall and Dijkman, 2019; Pigford et al., 2018; Mier et al., 2018) . abstract: Agricultural innovation systems has become a popular approach to understand and facilitate agricultural innovation. However, there is often no explicit reflection on the role of agricultural innovation systems in food systems transformation and how they relate to transformative concepts and visions (e.g. agroecology, digital agriculture, Agriculture 4.0, AgTech and FoodTech, vertical agriculture, protein transitions). To support such reflection we elaborate on the importance of a mission-oriented perspective on agricultural innovation systems. We review pertinent literature from innovation, transition and policy sciences, and argue that a mission-oriented agricultural innovation systems (MAIS) approach can help understand how agricultural innovation systems at different geographical scales develop to enable food systems transformation, in terms of forces, catalysts, and barriers in transformative food systems change. Focus points can be in the mapping of missions and sub-missions of MAIS within and across countries, or understanding the drivers, networks, governance, theories of change, evolution and impacts of MAIS. Future work is needed on further conceptual and empirical development of MAIS and its connections with existing food systems transformation frameworks. Also, we argue that agricultural systems scholars and practitioners need to reflect on how the technologies and concepts they work on relate to MAIS, how these represent a particular directionality in innovation, and whether these also may support exnovation. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102901 doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102901 id: cord-016912-vnx74hft author: Kornguth, S. title: Strategic Actionable Net-Centric Biological Defense System date: 2005 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Technologies required for strategic actionable net-centric biological defense systems consist of : 1) multiplexed multi-array sensors for threat agents and for signatures of the host response to infection; 2) novel vaccines and restricted access antivirals/bacterials to reduce emergence of drug resistant strains pre- and post-event; 3) telemedicine capabilities to deliver post-event care to 20,000 victims of a biological strike; and 4) communication systems with intelligent software for resource allocation and redundant pathways that survive catastrophic attack. The integrated system must detect all threat agents with minimal false positive/negative events, a seamless integrated broad-band communications capability that enables conversion of data to actionable information, and novel pre- and post-event treatments. The development of multiplexed multi-array sensors, appropriate vaccines and antibiotics, and integrated communication capabilities are critical to sustaining normal health, commerce, and international activities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121348/ doi: 10.1007/1-4020-3384-2_1 id: cord-018902-oninjtsn author: Kowalski, Wladyslaw title: Commercial Buildings date: 2009-07-09 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Applications for UVGI systems in commercial buildings vary with the type of building, but virtually every type of building can benefit from the use of in-duct air disinfection and many buildings can benefit from the use of other types of UV systems. The health hazards and microbiological problems associated with various types of commercial buildings are often unique to the type of facility. The problem of air quality is paramount in commercial office buildings while the problem of biocontamination is of the highest concern in the food industry. Other types of buildings have their own microbial concerns and even their own standards. The pharmaceutical industry has the highest aerobiological air quality standards (and lowest airborne microbial levels) while the other extreme, the agricultural industry, has the highest airborne microbial levels and unique aerobiological concerns. The individual problems of these facilities are addressed in the following sections, and industry experience relating to UV applications are discussed, along with recommendations for how UV systems can be applied. The specific types of UVGI systems are described in previous chapters and these should be referred to for detailed information on such applications. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123903/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-01999-9_18 id: cord-027120-w6agcu63 author: Lago, André Sousa title: Conversational Interface for Managing Non-trivial Internet-of-Things Systems date: 2020-05-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Internet-of-Things has reshaped the way people interact with their surroundings. In a smart home, controlling the lights is as simple as speaking to a conversational assistant since everything is now Internet-connected. But despite their pervasiveness, most of the existent IoT systems provide limited out-of-the-box customization capabilities. Several solutions try to attain this issue leveraging end-user programming features that allow users to define rules to their systems, at the cost of discarding the easiness of voice interaction. However, as the number of devices increases, along with the number of household members, the complexity of managing such systems becomes a problem, including finding out why something has happened. In this work we present Jarvis, a conversational interface to manage IoT systems that attempts to address these issues by allowing users to specify time-based rules, use contextual awareness for more natural interactions, provide event management and support causality queries. A proof-of-concept was used to carry out a quasi-experiment with non-technical participants that provides evidence that such approach is intuitive enough to be used by common end-users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7302544/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-50426-7_29 id: cord-304070-jw1lxwyd author: Lapinsky, Stephen E title: Prospective evaluation of an internet-linked handheld computer critical care knowledge access system date: 2004-10-14 words: 3221.0 sentences: 164.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304070-jw1lxwyd.txt summary: We evaluated the feasibility and potential benefits of a handheld computer based knowledge access system linking a central academic intensive care unit (ICU) to multiple community-based ICUs. METHODS: Four community hospital ICUs with 17 physicians participated in this prospective interventional study. Before and after the intervention period, participants underwent simulated patient care scenarios designed to evaluate the information sources they accessed, as well as the speed and quality of their decision making. CONCLUSION: An updateable handheld computer system is feasible as a means of point-of-care access to medical reference material and may improve clinical decision making. In the present study we evaluated whether it would be feasible and effective to provide updateable reference information from a central academic centre to handheld computers used by critical care specialists in community hospitals. Information sources that physicians accessed to make clinical decisions were evaluated during simulated patient care scenarios, completed in the physicians'' own ICU utilizing a computerized patient simulator (SimMan; Laerdal Medical Corporation, Wappingers Falls, NY, USA). abstract: INTRODUCTION: Critical care physicians may benefit from immediate access to medical reference material. We evaluated the feasibility and potential benefits of a handheld computer based knowledge access system linking a central academic intensive care unit (ICU) to multiple community-based ICUs. METHODS: Four community hospital ICUs with 17 physicians participated in this prospective interventional study. Following training in the use of an internet-linked, updateable handheld computer knowledge access system, the physicians used the handheld devices in their clinical environment for a 12-month intervention period. Feasibility of the system was evaluated by tracking use of the handheld computer and by conducting surveys and focus group discussions. Before and after the intervention period, participants underwent simulated patient care scenarios designed to evaluate the information sources they accessed, as well as the speed and quality of their decision making. Participants generated admission orders during each scenario, which were scored by blinded evaluators. RESULTS: Ten physicians (59%) used the system regularly, predominantly for nonmedical applications (median 32.8/month, interquartile range [IQR] 28.3–126.8), with medical software accessed less often (median 9/month, IQR 3.7–13.7). Eight out of 13 physicians (62%) who completed the final scenarios chose to use the handheld computer for information access. The median time to access information on the handheld handheld computer was 19 s (IQR 15–40 s). This group exhibited a significant improvement in admission order score as compared with those who used other resources (P = 0.018). Benefits and barriers to use of this technology were identified. CONCLUSION: An updateable handheld computer system is feasible as a means of point-of-care access to medical reference material and may improve clinical decision making. However, during the study, acceptance of the system was variable. Improved training and new technology may overcome some of the barriers we identified. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15566586/ doi: 10.1186/cc2967 id: cord-302848-a246wl7f author: Lawler, J. J. title: 4.25 Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies to Reduce Climate Vulnerabilities and Maintain Ecosystem Services date: 2013-12-31 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Abstract Increasing temperatures and altered precipitation regimes associated with human-caused changes in the earth s climate are having substantial impacts on ecological systems and human well-being. Maintaining functioning ecosystems, the provision of ecosystem services, and healthy human populations into the future will require integrating adaptation and mitigation strategies. Adaptation strategies are actions that help human and natural systems accommodate changes. Mitigation strategies are actions that reduce anthropogenic influences on climate. Here, we provide an overview of what will likely be some of the most effective and most important mitigation and adaptation strategies for addressing climate change. In addition to describing the ways in which these strategies can address impacts to natural and human systems, we discuss the social considerations that we believe must be incorporated into the development and application of mitigation or adaptation strategies to address political situations, cultural differences, and economic limitations. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123847034004366 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-384703-4.00436-6 id: cord-318119-h0vnfcuq author: Lee, S. H. title: Site verification and modeling of desiccant-based system as an alternative to conventional air-conditioning systems for wet markets date: 2013-06-15 words: 4750.0 sentences: 223.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318119-h0vnfcuq.txt summary: A parametric study under various ventilation rates indicated that use of desiccant cooling system in wet markets in hot and humid Hong Kong would lead to energy and energy cost savings, as well as CO2 emission reduction amounting from 1% to 13%. Energy simulation based on the site survey results (including occupancy, lighting and small power densities and occupation patterns), average space air-conditions as indoor set-point conditions (25.2 C dry-bulb and 65.8% RH), building envelop details (Table 1) , and physical geometry of the wet-market were input to EnergyPlus for simulating the annual energy use of the major equipments. The study results revealed that use of desiccant cooling system in wet markets in hot and humid Hong Kong would lead to energy, energy cost and CO 2 emission reduction up to 13% when the ventilation rate is 20 L/s/person. abstract: Abstract Desiccant cooling system for active humidity control and to conserve energy has been in commercial applications for over two decades. However, its use in humid wet markets has never been examined. A gas-fired desiccant cooling system has been installed in a wet market in Hong Kong. In this study, the annual energy saving in conjunction with the use of desiccant cooling system was investigated by in-situ measurements, site surveys and simulations. The verified computer model was used for further simulations. It was found that for the use of a minimum ventilation rate of 10.3 L/s/person, the use of desiccant cooling system as compared to conventional system saved 4% of the energy and could achieve the desired space conditions. A parametric study under various ventilation rates indicated that use of desiccant cooling system in wet markets in hot and humid Hong Kong would lead to energy and energy cost savings, as well as CO2 emission reduction amounting from 1% to 13%. The savings were more evident when wet markets were designed for a ventilation rate of 20 L/s/person. Furthermore, the actual occupancy profile, and lighting and small power densities determined in this study would be useful for future studies on wet market. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S036054421300340X doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.04.029 id: cord-323251-yd29gk7q author: Li, Kin Fun title: Smart home technology for telemedicine and emergency management date: 2012-05-11 words: 6634.0 sentences: 395.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323251-yd29gk7q.txt summary: Using the appropriate sensing apparatus at a smart home setting, patients, elderlies and people with disabilities can have their health signals and information examined on a real-time and archival basis. The associated Borboleta system enables healthcare professionals to use PDAs (personal digital assistants) and mobile communication technologies for providing on-site home healthcare and improving the quality of public health services. One can view sensors being the foundation and communication networks as the pillars of a building, supporting various telemedicine applications under the roof to facilitate and provide a smart home environment to individuals, as shown in Fig. 1 . Applications of smart telemedicine technologies for specific diseases, emergency management, and the elderly and physically challenged, are presented in Sect. Many telemedicine systems leverage the latest mobile and wireless communication technologies as well as the widely available internet infrastructure to deliver quality services to home patients (Castro et al. abstract: With the ageing population, mobility is an important issue and it deters the elderlies to visit health clinics on a regular basis. Individuals with disabilities also face the same obstacles for their out-of-home medical visits. In addition, people living in remote areas often do not get the needed health care attention unless they are willing to spend the time, effort and cost to travel. Advances in information and telecommunication technologies have made telemedicine possible. Using the latest sensor technologies, a person’s vital data can be collected in a smart home environment. The bio-information can then be transferred wirelessly or via the Internet to medical databases and the healthcare professionals. Using the appropriate sensing apparatus at a smart home setting, patients, elderlies and people with disabilities can have their health signals and information examined on a real-time and archival basis. Recovery process can be charted on a regular basis. Remote emergency alerts can be intercepted and responded quickly. Health deterioration can be monitored closely enabling corrective actions. Medical practitioners can therefore provide the necessary health-related services to more people. This paper surveys and compiles the state-of-the-art smart home technologies and telemedicine systems. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-012-0129-8 doi: 10.1007/s12652-012-0129-8 id: cord-304013-nzigx0k0 author: Lipinski, Tom title: Review of ventilation strategies to reduce the risk of disease transmission in high occupancy buildings date: 2020-09-13 words: 12834.0 sentences: 557.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304013-nzigx0k0.txt summary: This paper will discuss the factors affecting air particle properties in-terms of flow dynamics and critically analyse current ventilation strategies and mechanisms and identify areas for improvement in the search for the reduction of indoor infections. The study by the University of Oregon [54, 58] observed that Natural Ventilation with a plentiful supply of fresh air dilutes and removes contaminated air much more effectively than fan driven, recirculated air movement, significantly reducing the risk of infection, as shown in Figure 17 . Displacement ventilation with a generously sized natural inlet is preferred as it can move stale, contaminated air directly to the exhaust of the room in a laminar fashion whilst the concentration of small droplets and airborne particles in the indoor air is significantly reduced. abstract: An unforeseen pandemic is facing the world caused by a corona virus known as SARS-CoV-2. Numerous measures are being put in place to try and reduce the spread of this deadly disease, with the most effective response to the outbreak being mass quarantines, a public health technique borrowed from the Middle Ages. The widely accepted main transmission mechanism is through droplet borne pathways. However, many researchers and studies are considering that this virus can also spread via the airborne route and remain for up to three hours in the air. This is leading to questions as to whether enough is being done regarding ventilation to reduce the risk of the spread of this or other diseases that may be air borne. Ventilation and air conditioning systems are the main focus when it comes to the transmission of such deadly pathogens and should be appropriately designed and operated. This paper reviews and critically evaluates the current ventilation strategies used in buildings to assess the state of the art and elaborates if there is room for further development, especially for high occupancy buildings, to reduce or eradicate the risk of pathogen transmission and adapt ventilation measures to new threats posed by pandemics. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S266620272030032X doi: 10.1016/j.ijft.2020.100045 id: cord-294877-bbs8a8jz author: Liu, ChuanPeng title: A glimpse of enzymology within the idea of systems date: 2012-09-27 words: 5619.0 sentences: 292.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294877-bbs8a8jz.txt summary: Fortunately, applications of new techniques and, in particular, wide acceptance of the idea of systems have enabled enzymologists to begin studying enzymes in the context of dynamic, complicated biological systems in recent years. Although these enzymes had been extensively studied, the results presented in three recently published articles indicate that their biological functions are still to be clarified. [23] investigated the po-tential effect of all the known nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of human phase II metabolizing enzyme on protein function, and identified many residues that are likely to be functionally critical, but have not yet been studied experimentally. While molecular level research on biological systems has evolved from investigating individual enzymes or pathways to studies on biological networks and even ecological networks, a new challenge for biologists is to add a dynamic property to the constructed networks. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23015132/ doi: 10.1007/s11427-012-4371-2 id: cord-032561-x3qbqy69 author: Liu, Gengqi title: Stimulus-Responsive Nanomedicines for Disease Diagnosis and Treatment date: 2020-09-02 words: 25208.0 sentences: 1664.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt txt: ./txt/cord-032561-x3qbqy69.txt summary: demonstrated that nanodrug carriers with diselenides could release more drugs using poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-Se-Se) with Se-Se bonds compared with poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-S-S) [54, 55] Thioether Selenium Tellurium Besides the development of drug delivery systems, pH-responsive systems can also be used for tumor detection and image-guided surgery [46] . demonstrated that nanodrug carriers with diselenides could release more drugs using poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-Se-Se) with Se-Se bonds compared with poly (ester carbamate) triblock copolymers (PAUR-S-S) [65] PBA/PBE Besides the development of drug delivery systems, pH-responsive systems can also be used for tumor detection and image-guided surgery [46] . Therefore, pH responsive system can be combined with other stimulus conditions such as light, redox, enzymes and others with the aim of improved selectivity for drug release in diseased tissues [47, 48] . In addition to photothermal therapy and PDT, light-responsive strategies have also been applied in the design of prodrug systems and drug delivery carriers. abstract: Stimulus-responsive drug delivery systems generally aim to release the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in response to specific conditions and have recently been explored for disease treatments. These approaches can also be extended to molecular imaging to report on disease diagnosis and management. The stimuli used for activation are based on differences between the environment of the diseased or targeted sites, and normal tissues. Endogenous stimuli include pH, redox reactions, enzymatic activity, temperature and others. Exogenous site-specific stimuli include the use of magnetic fields, light, ultrasound and others. These endogenous or exogenous stimuli lead to structural changes or cleavage of the cargo carrier, leading to release of the API. A wide variety of stimulus-responsive systems have been developed—responsive to both a single stimulus or multiple stimuli—and represent a theranostic tool for disease treatment. In this review, stimuli commonly used in the development of theranostic nanoplatforms are enumerated. An emphasis on chemical structure and property relationships is provided, aiming to focus on insights for the design of stimulus-responsive delivery systems. Several examples of theranostic applications of these stimulus-responsive nanomedicines are discussed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7504550/ doi: 10.3390/ijms21176380 id: cord-311651-v2ff33jd author: Long, Nathaniel title: Contributions of Health Professions Students to Health System Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Strategies and Process for U.S. Medical Schools date: 2020-07-15 words: 4424.0 sentences: 212.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-311651-v2ff33jd.txt summary: Health System Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Strategies and Process for U.S. Medical Schools communication with frontline physician educators-to develop strategies for leveraging student capabilities and contributions. In this article, we (1) articulate 4 categories in which medical students can contribute to the work of U.S. AHCs and the wellness of their communities; (2) describe the educational benefits for learners and the alignment with health systems science (HSS) competencies; and (3) highlight a process for coproduction between students, medical schools, and the health system. 28 Those students who developed an evolved skill set-serving as patient navigators for individuals in need, obtaining White and Yellow Belt certifications in Operational Excellence, 29 and honing a nascent systems-based perspective toward health care practice-are the same students who have been organizing themselves to perform similar and additional roles during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic poses an unprecedented challenge to U.S. health systems, particularly academic health centers (AHCs) that lead in providing advanced clinical care and medical education. No phase of AHC efforts is untouched by the crisis, and medical schools, prioritizing learner welfare, are in the throes of adjusting to suspended clinical activities and virtual classrooms. While health professions students are currently limited in their contributions to direct clinical care, they remain the same smart, innovative, and motivated individuals who chose a career in health care and who are passionate about contributing to the needs of people in troubled times. The groundwork for operationalizing their commitment has already been established through the identification of value-added, participatory roles that support learning and professional development in health systems science (HSS) and clinical skills. This pandemic, with rapidly expanding workforce and patient care needs, has prompted a new look at how students can contribute. At the Penn State College of Medicine, staff and student leaders formed the COVID-19 Response Team to prioritize and align student work with health system needs. Starting in mid-March 2020, the authors used qualitative methods and content analysis of data collated from several sources to identify 4 categories for student contributions: the community, the health care delivery system, the workforce, and the medical school. The authors describe a nimble coproduction process that brings together all stakeholders to facilitate work. The learning agenda for these roles maps to HSS competencies, an evolving requirement for all students. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided a unique opportunity to harness the capability of students to improve health. Other AHCs may find this operational framework useful both during the COVID-19 pandemic and as a blueprint for responding to future challenges that disrupt systems of education and health care in the United States. url: https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003611 doi: 10.1097/acm.0000000000003611 id: cord-321346-epsp3bbm author: Luppa, Peter B. title: Point-of-care testing (POCT): Current techniques and future perspectives date: 2011-03-21 words: 4891.0 sentences: 273.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321346-epsp3bbm.txt summary: In contrast to this centralization and increased efficiency in laboratory diagnostics, there has been a recent trend towards a more decentralized diagnostic analysis, so-called point-of-care testing (POCT), which occurs directly at patientsÕ beds, in operating theatres or outpatient clinics, or at sites of accidents. Clinical pathology as a discipline needs to be responsible for this field, since adherence to quality-management systems ensures accurate, reliable biochemical-test results for optimal patient care and safety, regardless of whether the individual test is performed in a central laboratory or as POCT at the bedside [2] . These instruments are generally more complex than unit-use machines and use different analytical principles [1] : spectrophotometric substrate and enzyme-activity measurement; hematological particle counting; immunoassay; and, sensor-based blood-gas analysis tailored for special POCT applications. abstract: Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a laboratory-medicine discipline that is evolving rapidly in analytical scope and clinical application. In this review, we first describe the state of the art of medical-laboratory tests that can be performed near the patient. At present, POCT ranges from basic blood-glucose measurement to complex viscoelastic coagulation assays. POCT shortens the time to clinical decision-making about additional testing or therapy, as delays are no longer caused by transport and preparation of clinical samples, and biochemical-test results are rapidly available at the point of care. Improved medical outcome and lower costs may ensue. Recent, evolving technological advances enable the development of novel POCT instruments. We review the underlying analytical techniques. If new instruments are not yet in practical use, it is often hard to decide whether the underlying analytical principle has real advantage over former methods. However, future utilization of POCT also depends on health-care trends and new areas of application. But, even today, it can be assumed that, for certain applications, near-patient testing is a useful complement to conventional laboratory analyses. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32287536/ doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.01.019 id: cord-002474-2l31d7ew author: Lv, Yang title: Actual measurement, hygrothermal response experiment and growth prediction analysis of microbial contamination of central air conditioning system in Dalian, China date: 2017-04-03 words: 4938.0 sentences: 270.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt txt: ./txt/cord-002474-2l31d7ew.txt summary: title: Actual measurement, hygrothermal response experiment and growth prediction analysis of microbial contamination of central air conditioning system in Dalian, China Based on the data of Cladosporium in hygrothermal response experiment, this paper used the logistic equation and the Gompertz equation to fit the growth predictive model of Cladosporium genera in different temperature and relative humidity conditions, and the square root model was fitted based on the two environmental factors. Besides, according to the tested microbial density and the identified genome sequence of collected microorganisms, the hygrothermal response experiment of dominant fungal was detected, and the fitting analysis was carried out based on the prediction model, followed by a series of statistical analysis. The unit A showed the obvious microbial contamination status, though all components and airborne microorganism meet the Hygienic specification of central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings of China 22 . abstract: The microbial contamination of central air conditioning system is one of the important factors that affect the indoor air quality. Actual measurement and analysis were carried out on microbial contamination in central air conditioning system at a venue in Dalian, China. Illumina miseq method was used and three fungal samples of two units were analysed by high throughput sequencing. Results showed that the predominant fungus in air conditioning unit A and B were Candida spp. and Cladosporium spp., and two fungus were further used in the hygrothermal response experiment. Based on the data of Cladosporium in hygrothermal response experiment, this paper used the logistic equation and the Gompertz equation to fit the growth predictive model of Cladosporium genera in different temperature and relative humidity conditions, and the square root model was fitted based on the two environmental factors. In addition, the models were carried on the analysis to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the established model equation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5377260/ doi: 10.1038/srep44190 id: cord-027387-5ga212w8 author: Ma, Yibing title: Smart Fire Alarm System with Person Detection and Thermal Camera date: 2020-05-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Fire alarm is crucial for safety of life and property in many scenes. A good fire alarm system should be small-sized, low-cost and effective to prevent fire accidents from happening. In this paper we introduce a smart fire alarm system used in kitchen as a representative scenario. The system captures both thermal and optical videos for temperature monitoring and person detection, which are further used to predict potential fire accident and avoid false alarm. Thermal videos are used to record the temperature change in region-of-interests, for example, cookware. YOLOv3-tiny algorithm is modified for person detection and can be iteratively improved with the hard examples gathered by the system. To implement the system on an edge device instead of a server, we propose a high-efficiency neural network inference computing framework called TuringNN. Comprehensive rules enable the system to appropriately respond to different situations. The proposed system has been proved effective in both experiments and numerous cases in complex practical applications. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7304706/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-50436-6_26 id: cord-296129-rkadl46r author: MacFall, Janet title: Toward resilient food systems through increased agricultural diversity and local sourcing in the Carolinas date: 2015-09-18 words: 9885.0 sentences: 434.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296129-rkadl46r.txt summary: Finally, a distributed food supply network supported with diverse agricultural products can increase resilience by providing access to diversified markets for producers and improved food access to consumers with more food choices, while expanding the need for skilled jobs supporting the regionally based food industry. As the two models below, North Carolina Central Piedmont Network and the South Carolina Food Hub demonstrate, decentralized models that link producers to consumers provide opportunities for farmers that utilize high-yield, low input techniques such as biointensive and other agroecological techniques a convenient and reasonable access to markets. Using biological and agricultural diversity to expand locally based, sustainable farming systems, foster new farmers and food entrepreneurs, and build distributed aggregation, processing and marketing networks that focus on triple bottom line benefits-environmental, social, and economic-have the potential to strengthen our food security and our communities, providing resilience to both acute and long-term stress. abstract: Biological and agricultural diversity are connected to food security through strengthened resilience to both anthropogenic and natural perturbations. Increased resilience to stress via increased biodiversity has been described in a number of natural systems. Diversity in food production can be considered on the following three levels: (a) genetic diversity as reflected in the range of cultivars which can be selected for production; (b) species diversity, captured through production of a wide range of crops on each farm; and (c) broad ecosystem diversity, described by the diversity of production between farms and within the broader food system. A network of locally based food producers and entrepreneurs provides opportunity for high diversity at each network stage, with increased adaptive capacity and the ability for rapid response to disturbance. We argue that production techniques that use carefully planned diverse plantings, such as biointensive cultivation, increase resilience by increased water use efficiency, yield and nutrient retention while reducing pressure from pests and pathogens. We present a model for a diverse, distributed food system in the North Carolina Piedmont and analyze an existing distributed network by a food hub in South Carolina. Through these models, we argue that a shift in the food network has the potential to increase local food security by having food more reliably available where it is needed and by contributing to local resilience through community economic development. The shift in food production and distribution systems serves multiple goals: When crop loss occurs, other crops still contribute to overall harvest, reducing net loss. Diverse on-farm production can support a more distributed network of food aggregators, processors, and markets than the current approach of large-scale consolidation. Finally, a distributed food supply network supported with diverse agricultural products can increase resilience by providing access to diversified markets for producers and improved food access to consumers with more food choices, while expanding the need for skilled jobs supporting the regionally based food industry. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-015-0321-1 doi: 10.1007/s13412-015-0321-1 id: cord-018688-gvk9uazp author: Magid, Avi title: The Role of Informal Digital Surveillance Systems Before, During and After Infectious Disease Outbreaks: A Critical Analysis date: 2018-03-23 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Background One of the main limitations of traditional surveillance systems for disease detection is their inability to detect epidemics in real-time. In addition to syndromic surveillance, a number of informal digital resources have been developed. These systems are based on data collected through media sources such as news reports on the Internet, mailing lists, and RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feeds. The role of such systems at all stages of the epidemic remains unclear. Methods A literature review was carried out on informal digital resources for infectious disease surveillance. We examined the source of information, the manner in which they process and disseminate the information, their role in each phase of disease outbreaks, and whether and to what extent these systems are capable of early detection and management of infectious disease epidemics. Results Informal digital resources use similar sources of data for surveillance. However, they use different algorithms to create their output, and cover different geographic areas. In this regard, they complement each other with respect to information completeness. There is evidence in the literature on the systems’ usefulness in communicating information to public health professionals, as well as to the general public during and after previous epidemics. Retrospective studies of some systems have shown a theoretical decrease in the time of epidemic detection compared to conventional surveillance. However, there is no evidence of the ability for real-time detection. Conclusions Currently, there is little prospective evidence that existing informal systems are capable of real-time early detection of disease outbreaks. Most systems accumulate large amounts of information on a wide variety of diseases, making it difficult to extract critical information. Presenting critical information clearly and precisely remains a challenge. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123634/ doi: 10.1007/978-94-024-1263-5_14 id: cord-277918-a2iisve0 author: Malik, Asif Iqbal title: Disruption management in a constrained multi-product imperfect production system date: 2020-06-26 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Over several decades, production and inventory systems have been widely studied in different aspects, but only a few studies have considered the production disruption problem. In production systems, the production may be disrupted by priorly unknown disturbance and the entire manufacturing plan can be distorted. This research introduces a production-disruption model for a multi-product single-stage production-inventory system. First, a mathematical model for the multi-item production-inventory system is developed to maximize the total profit for a single-disruption recovery-time window. The main objective of the proposed model is to obtain the optimal manufacturing batch size for multi-item in the recovery time window so that the total profit is maximized. To maintain the matter of multi-product, budget and space constraints are used. A genetic algorithm and pattern search techniques are employed to solve this model and all randomly generated test results are compared. Some numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are given to explain the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed model. This proposed model offers a recovery plan for managers and decision-makers to make accurate and effective decisions in real time during the production disruption problems. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278612520300790 doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2020.05.015 id: cord-259958-46e7xb7b author: Marfori, Cherie Q. title: Reliability and Validity of Two Surgical Prioritization Systems for Reinstating Non-Emergent Benign Gynecologic Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-07-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Scientifically evaluate the validity and reproducibility of two novel surgical triaging systems, as well as offer modifications to the MeNTS criteria for improved application in gynecologic surgeries DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study SETTING: Academic university hospital PATIENTS: 97 patients with delayed benign gynecologic procedures due to the COVID-19 pandemic INTERVENTION(S): Surgical prioritization was assessed using two novel scoring systems, the Gyn-MeNTS and mESAS systems for all 93 patients included MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The inter-rater reliability and validity of two novel surgical prioritization systems (Gyn-MeNTS and mESAS) were assessed. Gyn-MeNTS scores were calculated by three raters and analyzed as continuous variables, with a lower score indicating more urgency/priority. The mESAS score was calculated by two raters and analyzed as a 3-level ordinal variable with a higher score indicating more urgency/priority. All five raters were blinded to reduce bias. Gyn-MeNTS inter-rater reliability was tested using Spearman r and paired t-tests were used to detect systematic differences between raters. Weighted kappa indicated mESAS reliability. Concurrent validity with mESAS and surgeon self-prioritization (SSP) was examined with Spearman r and logistic regression. Spearman r's for all Gyn-MeNTS rater pairs were above 0.80 (0.84 for 1 vs. 2, 0.82 for 1 vs. 3, 0.82 for 2 vs. 3, all p<.0001) indicating strong agreement. The weighted kappa for the 2 mESAS raters was 0.57 (95% CI 0.40-0.73) indicating moderate agreement. When used together, both scores were significantly independently associated with SSP, with strong discrimination (AUC 0.89). CONCLUSIONS: Inter-rater reliability is acceptable for both scoring systems, and concurrent validity of each is moderate for predicting SSP, but discrimination improves to a high level when they are used together. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32739612/ doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.07.024 id: cord-260985-ria9v2p6 author: McDarby, Geraldine title: The global pool of simulation exercise materials in health emergency preparedness and response: a scoping review with a health system perspective date: 2019-07-29 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Simulation Exercises (SimEx) are an established tool in defence and allied security sectors, applied extensively in health security initiatives under national or international legislative requirements, particularly the International Health Regulations (2005). There is, however, a paucity of information on SimEx application to test the functionality of health systems alongside emergency preparedness, response and recovery. Given the important implications health services resilience has for the protection and improvement of human life, this scoping review was undertaken to determine how the publicly available body of existing global SimEx materials considers health systems, together with health security functions in the event of disruptive emergencies. The global review identified 668 articles from literature and 73 products from institutional sources. Relevant screening identified 51 materials suitable to examine from a health system lens using the six health system building blocks as per the WHO Health System Framework. Eight materials were identified for further examination of their ability to test health system functionality from a resilience perspective. SimEx are an effective approach used extensively within health security and emergency response sectors but is not yet adequately used to test health system resilience. Currently available SimEx materials lack an integrated health system perspective and have a limited focus on the quality of services delivered within the context of response to a public health emergency. The materials do not focus on the ability of systems to effectively maintain core services during response. Without adjustment of the scope and focus, currently available SimEx materials do not have the capacity to test health systems to support the development of resilient health systems. Dedicated SimEx materials are urgently needed to fill this gap and harness their potential as an operational tool to contribute to improvements in health systems. They can act as effective global goods to allow testing of different functional aspects of health systems and service delivery alongside emergency preparedness and response. The work was conducted within the scope of the Tackling Deadly Diseases in Africa Programme, funded by the UK Department for International Development, which seeks to strengthen collaboration between the health system and health security clusters to promote health security and build resilient health systems. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31406594/ doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001687 id: cord-027721-hpzs6fvf author: Mcheick, Hamid title: Context-Aware Healthcare Adaptation Model for COPD Diseases date: 2020-05-31 words: 2827.0 sentences: 142.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027721-hpzs6fvf.txt summary: In this article, we are combining the healthcare telemonitoring systems with the context awareness and self-adaptation paradigm to provide a self-adaptive framework architecture for COPD patients. Based on this healthcare requirement, we realized the need of combining context awareness and self-adaptation with health telemonitoring, which will give our system the ability to be aware of the patient''s data and context, then to adapt the required changes and act accordingly. In this paper, we have presented an architecture for a context-aware self-adaptive system that is used to develop a COPD healthcare telemonitoring system. Our main contribution in this work is providing a context-aware self-adaptive system architecture that is dealing with the huge variety and complexity of contextual data and different sets of services by implementing a decentralized adaptation unit, which makes the monitoring and adaptation task easier and less complex by applying the separation of concerns principle. Towards a generic context-aware framework for self-adaptation of service-oriented architectures abstract: Nowadays, ubiquitous computing and mobile applications are controlling all our life’s aspects, from social media and entertainment to the very basic needs like commerce, learning, government, and health. These systems have the ability to self-adapt to meet changes in their execution environment and the user’s context. In the healthcare domain, information systems have proven their efficiency, not only by organizing and managing patients’ data and information but also by helping doctors and medical experts in diagnosing disease and taking precluding procedure to avoid serious conditions. In chronic diseases, telemonitoring systems provide a way to monitor the patient’s state and biomarkers within their usual life’s routine. In this article, we are combining the healthcare telemonitoring systems with the context awareness and self-adaptation paradigm to provide a self-adaptive framework architecture for COPD patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7313292/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-51517-1_27 id: cord-294784-r84td2i0 author: Meessen, Bruno title: Health system governance: welcoming the reboot date: 2020-08-10 words: 3515.0 sentences: 201.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294784-r84td2i0.txt summary: ► The focus on collective agency broadens the perspective for action: the governance of the health system is not only about the ministry of health doing well certain things, it is about groups of individuals being able to organise their collective action, through the state, but also through other mechanisms. Our proposition is to organise the analysis around four main sets of variables: (1) the set of collective action problems to solve (let us call it P) (2) the group of individuals facing this P (G),(3) the set of possible actions (A) that members of G can take at a time t in order to handle P and (4) the conditions (C) determining the choice set A. The set of possible actions A is itself determined by a set of conditions (C): the size and composition of G, the nature, quantity and distribution of resources (including information and trust) endowed by its members, their preferences, organisations (eg, the ministry of health) and other institutional arrangements in place, as well as external factors such as available technology or security. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002404 doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002404 id: cord-195224-7zfq0kxm author: Menda, Kunal title: Scalable Identification of Partially Observed Systems with Certainty-Equivalent EM date: 2020-06-20 words: 6803.0 sentences: 397.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-195224-7zfq0kxm.txt summary: Autoregressive approaches directly map a time-history of past inputs to observations, without explicitly reasoning about unobserved states (Billings, 2013) , and are the stateof-the-art approach to the aforementioned problem of modeling the aerobatic helicopter (Punjani & Abbeel, 2015) . Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) (BailerJones et al., 1998; Zimmermann & Neuneier, 2000) are a form of black-box non-linear SSM that can be fit to observation and input time-series, and Subspace Identification (SID) methods (Van Overschee & De Moor, 1994) can be used to fit linear SSMs. However, in many cases prior knowledge can be used to specify structured, parametric models of the system (Gupta et al., 2019; in state-space form, commonly refered to as gray-box models. • CE-EM can be faster and more reliable than approaches using particle approximations, • CE-EM scales to high-dimensional problems, and, • CE-EM learns unbiased parameter estimates on deterministic systems with unimodal p(x 1:T | y 1:T ). abstract: System identification is a key step for model-based control, estimator design, and output prediction. This work considers the offline identification of partially observed nonlinear systems. We empirically show that the certainty-equivalent approximation to expectation-maximization can be a reliable and scalable approach for high-dimensional deterministic systems, which are common in robotics. We formulate certainty-equivalent expectation-maximization as block coordinate-ascent, and provide an efficient implementation. The algorithm is tested on a simulated system of coupled Lorenz attractors, demonstrating its ability to identify high-dimensional systems that can be intractable for particle-based approaches. Our approach is also used to identify the dynamics of an aerobatic helicopter. By augmenting the state with unobserved fluid states, a model is learned that predicts the acceleration of the helicopter better than state-of-the-art approaches. The codebase for this work is available at https://github.com/sisl/CEEM. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2006.11615v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-325110-cfo5f99l author: Mirchi, Nykan title: Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Re-Envisioning Surgical Education in Response to COVID-19 date: 2020-09-10 words: 1223.0 sentences: 73.0 pages: flesch: 29.0 cache: ./cache/cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-325110-cfo5f99l.txt summary: Advances in high-fidelity simulations provide residents with new opportunities to practice surgical skills and mitigate the challenges faced by current training paradigms including minimal access to standardized and objective feedback. However, the development and integration of virtual reality simulation in surgical education has been limited, especially in fields involving complex bimanual operative skills such as neurosurgery. These systems, in combination with virtual reality simulators, allow important surgical training to continue even during a pandemic. [2] [3] [4] The Virtual Operative Assistant, an intelligent tutoring system powered by machine learning for neurosurgical simulation, discusses the limitations and challenges of this technology. An important factor when re-envisioning surgical education with automated teaching is how to accomplish a smooth integration of intelligent tutoring systems into current technical skills training. Artificial intelligence in medical education: best practices using machine learning to assess surgical expertise in virtual reality simulation abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2020.202 doi: 10.1017/cjn.2020.202 id: cord-286858-zbhtl2yn author: Mishra, B. title: tamasomā jyotirgamaya: Seeking the Self Amidst Covids’ Cytokine Cyclones date: 2020-10-22 words: 5820.0 sentences: 291.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286858-zbhtl2yn.txt summary: In other words, as part of the innate immune system, sender agent, a dendritic cell (DC), in a multicellular organism that recognizes an appropriate DAMP/PAMP combination could signal receiver agent, a macrophage (M ), to engulf and digest foreign substances (associated with the molecular patterns, AMP) in an action process called phagocytosis. " We hope to simplify the model by formulating the innate immune system as a signaling game 4 , 6 , which, though prone to deception, can be critically tamed by the education, surveillance, and memory acquired by the adaptive immune system; the education of the adaptive immune system, though highly costly, can also be hijacked by a deceptively simple virus and points to a need for a better understanding of how the system behaves among various hosts (bats and humans with diverse HLA types). It is possible to study the immune systems as a signaling game whose Nash equilibria separate two types: self and non-self. abstract: Pondering on pandemics and the promise of purification from the plethora of problems that it has spawned, the paper builds on a game-theoretic model of host–pathogen interaction, and... moves beyond. It highlights how quickly this ‘wicked’ problem has led to deceptive Nash equilibria of certain information-asymmetric games as well as their sequels of more complex intertwined games at human scale but without an exit strategy in sight. In the absence of clarity (e.g., access to complete information) and yet facing a capricious and complex conspirator, we overview an exemplary solution, created by RxCovea, and examine how it might help. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41745-020-00186-1 doi: 10.1007/s41745-020-00186-1 id: cord-324944-ixh3ykrc author: Mitsakakis, Konstantinos title: Diagnostic tools for tackling febrile illness and enhancing patient management date: 2018-12-05 words: 20805.0 sentences: 961.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324944-ixh3ykrc.txt summary: This review gives an overview of diagnostic technologies featuring a platform based approach: (i) assay (nucleic acid amplification technologies are examined); (ii) cartridge (microfluidic technologies are presented); (iii) instrument (various detection technologies are discussed); and at the end proposes a way that such technologies can be interfaced with electronic clinical decision-making algorithms towards a broad and complete diagnostic ecosystem. In studies that have recorded the clinical presentation of patients (and not only their laboratory results), the causes of fever in outpatients could be classified into four main syndromes: 1) acute respiratory infections (ARI, of any type); 2) diarrhea (gastroenteritis); 3) fever with another clear focus (e.g. meningitis or skin infection); and 4) non-specific fevers [13] (each diagnostic platform described in Section 5 focuses on at least one of the aforementioned cases). abstract: Most patients with acute infectious diseases develop fever, which is frequently a reason to visit health facilities in resource-limited settings. The symptomatic overlap between febrile diseases impedes their diagnosis on clinical grounds. Therefore, the World Health Organization promotes an integrated management of febrile illness. Along this line, we present an overview of endemic and epidemic etiologies of fever and state-of-the-art diagnostic tools used in the field. It becomes evident that there is an urgent need for the development of novel technologies to fulfill end-users' requirements. This need can be met with point-of-care and near-patient diagnostic platforms, as well as e-Health clinical algorithms, which co-assess test results with key clinical elements and biosensors, assisting clinicians in patient triage and management, thus enhancing disease surveillance and outbreak alerts. This review gives an overview of diagnostic technologies featuring a platform based approach: (i) assay (nucleic acid amplification technologies are examined); (ii) cartridge (microfluidic technologies are presented); (iii) instrument (various detection technologies are discussed); and at the end proposes a way that such technologies can be interfaced with electronic clinical decision-making algorithms towards a broad and complete diagnostic ecosystem. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167931718304556 doi: 10.1016/j.mee.2018.10.001 id: cord-189096-85v2jgx0 author: Muhlenbach, Fabrice title: A Methodology for Ethics-by-Design AI Systems: Dealing with Human Value Conflicts date: 2020-10-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The introduction of artificial intelligence into activities traditionally carried out by human beings produces brutal changes. This is not without consequences for human values. This paper is about designing and implementing models of ethical behaviors in AI-based systems, and more specifically it presents a methodology for designing systems that take ethical aspects into account at an early stage while finding an innovative solution to prevent human values from being affected. Two case studies where AI-based innovations complement economic and social proposals with this methodology are presented: one in the field of culture and operated by a private company, the other in the field of scientific research and supported by a state organization. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.07610v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-318509-zwb758cg author: Nenonen, Suvi title: Don''t adapt, shape! Use the crisis to shape your minimum viable system – And the wider market date: 2020-07-31 words: 5334.0 sentences: 251.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318509-zwb758cg.txt summary: We outline a generic process of market-shaping, comprising eight steps: (1) determining whether to act now or actively wait, (2) deciding whether to be a shaper or a supporter, (3) developing a scalable vision for the future market, (4) recognizing the minimum viable system linked to this vision, (5) driving changes in market-level properties, (6) securing that value is quantified and shared, (7) inviting actor engagement for implementation, and (8) defending against possible retaliations from threatened market systems. In this section we synthesize the current notions in the emerging literature on market-shaping and shaping strategies (cf., Nenonen & Storbacka, 2018; Patvardhan & Ramachandran, 2020) into a marketshaping process, comprising eight steps: (1) determining whether to act now or actively wait, (2) deciding whether to be a shaper or a supporter, (3) developing a scalable vision for the future market, (4) recognizing the minimum viable system linked to this vision, (5) driving changes in market-level properties, (6) securing that value is quantified and shared, (7) inviting actor engagement for implementation, and (8) defending against possible retaliations from threatened market systems. abstract: Abstract In addition to being resilient and adaptive, firms should also utilize shocks such as COVID-19 to generate new business opportunities. Two processes make markets and other economic systems more malleable during times of crises: (1) as the stasis of the market system is interrupted, it forces the system “into movement” - and it requires less effort to nudge an already moving system in a specific direction; and (2) as deeply-rooted mental models are challenged during crises, any market-shaping initiative which promises a credible end to current instability with a new equilibrium will appeal to the natural human craving for stability. This malleability, in turn, creates multiple opportunities for firms to shape their markets and hence drive the market's development in favorable directions. We outline a generic process of market-shaping, comprising eight steps: (1) determining whether to act now or actively wait, (2) deciding whether to be a shaper or a supporter, (3) developing a scalable vision for the future market, (4) recognizing the minimum viable system linked to this vision, (5) driving changes in market-level properties, (6) securing that value is quantified and shared, (7) inviting actor engagement for implementation, and (8) defending against possible retaliations from threatened market systems. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019850120303916 doi: 10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.05.022 id: cord-026881-57mx3thr author: Neuwirth, Rostam J. title: GAIA 2048—A ‘Glocal Agency in Anthropocene’: Cognitive and Institutional Change as ‘Legal Science Fiction’ date: 2020-03-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: To assess a future scenario of the world without a WTO, the present chapter projects the reader into the distant future of the year 2048 by which time the global community is aiming to establish GAIA, the so-called “Glocal Agency in Anthropocene”. GAIA is designed as the first truly integrated global institution with a universal character with the aim to tackle the complex and multiversal governance challenges of humanity and the planet as a whole. This chapter marks both a legally and a scientifically fictitious account of the years from 2020 until 2048, from a dystopian and a utopian perspective, with the aim of highlighting the importance of cognition for legal and institutional change. The need for cognitive change is driven by changes in the environment, and by the challenges resulting from a perceived acceleration of the pace of change and the unprecedented levels of technological complexity. Both change and complexity increase the relevance of cognition, as laws and policies adopted in one area are more likely to affect their success or failure and that of the global governance system as a whole. Thus, this chapter predicts that the foremost necessity for law in the future is to build on novel and enhanced modes of human cognition to deal better with complexity and rapid change. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7296555/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-45428-9_5 id: cord-300467-zht8olyh author: Nkengasong, John N. title: Laboratory Systems and Services Are Critical in Global Health: Time to End the Neglect? date: 2010-09-01 words: 3065.0 sentences: 132.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300467-zht8olyh.txt summary: To sustainably strengthen national laboratory systems in resource-poor countries, the following approaches are needed: (1) developing integrative national laboratory strategic plans and policies and building systems to address multiple diseases; (2) establishing public-private partnerships; (3) ensuring effective leadership, commitment, and coordination by host governments of efforts of donors and partners; (4) establishing and/or strengthening centers of excellence and field epidemiology and laboratory training programs to meet shortand medium-term training and retention goals; and (5) establishing affordable, scalable, and effective laboratory accreditation schemes to ensure quality of laboratory tests and bridge the gap between clinicians and laboratory experts on the use of test results. abstract: The $63 billion comprehensive global health initiative (GHI) emphasizes health systems strengthening (HSS) to tackle challenges, including child and maternal health, HIV/AIDS, family planning, and neglected tropical diseases. GHI and other initiatives are critical to fighting emerging and reemerging diseases in resource-poor countries. HSS is also an increasing focus of the $49 billion program of the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Laboratory systems and services are often neglected in resource-poor settings, but the funding offers an opportunity to end the neglect. To sustainably strengthen national laboratory systems in resource-poor countries, the following approaches are needed: (1) developing integrative national laboratory strategic plans and policies and building systems to address multiple diseases; (2) establishing public-private partnerships; (3) ensuring effective leadership, commitment, and coordination by host governments of efforts of donors and partners; (4) establishing and/or strengthening centers of excellence and field epidemiology and laboratory training programs to meet short- and medium-term training and retention goals; and (5) establishing affordable, scalable, and effective laboratory accreditation schemes to ensure quality of laboratory tests and bridge the gap between clinicians and laboratory experts on the use of test results. url: https://doi.org/10.1309/ajcpmpsinq9brmu6 doi: 10.1309/ajcpmpsinq9brmu6 id: cord-257623-j8dqvbqw author: Norris, Ken title: Biodiversity Conservation and the Earth System: Mind the Gap date: 2020-07-07 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: One of the most striking human impacts on global biodiversity is the ongoing depletion of large vertebrates from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Recent work suggests this loss of megafauna can affect processes at biome or Earth system scales with potentially serious impacts on ecosystem structure and function, ecosystem services, and biogeochemical cycles. We argue that our contemporary approach to biodiversity conservation focuses on spatial scales that are too small to adequately address these impacts. We advocate a new global approach to address this conservation gap, which must enable megafaunal populations to recover to functionally relevant densities. We conclude that re-establishing biome and Earth system functions needs to become an urgent global priority for conservation science and policy. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534720301725 doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.06.010 id: cord-267978-05hxrpi1 author: Nuzzo, Jennifer B. title: What makes health systems resilient against infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards? Results from a scoping review date: 2019-10-17 words: 5580.0 sentences: 268.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267978-05hxrpi1.txt summary: METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify recurring themes and capacities needed for health system resiliency to infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards and any existing implementation frameworks that highlight these capacities. The aim of this scoping review was to draw from existing literature to characterize specific capacities required to build resilient health systems in the face of infectious disease emergencies and natural hazards, with an emphasis on highlighting potential efforts that health system actors (e.g. health facilities and health service delivery organizations that are not always well-integrated in government-led preparedness initiatives) could pursue to achieve desired health outcomes during health crises. We searched the scholarly and grey-literature databases to identify which capacities should be included in a framework for assessing and improving health system resilience to infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards. abstract: BACKGROUND: The 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak was a wake-up call regarding the critical importance of resilient health systems. Fragile health systems can become overwhelmed during public health crises, further exacerbating the human, economic, and political toll. Important work has been done to describe the general attributes of a health system resilient to these crises, and the next step will be to identify the specific capacities that health systems need to develop and maintain to achieve resiliency. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify recurring themes and capacities needed for health system resiliency to infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards and any existing implementation frameworks that highlight these capacities. We also sought to identify the overlap of the identified themes and capacities with those highlighted in the World Health Organization’s Joint External Evaluation. Sources of evidence included PubMed, Web of Science, OAIster, and the websites of relevant major public health organizations. RESULTS: We identified 16 themes of health system resilience, including: the need to develop plans for altered standards of care during emergencies, the need to develop plans for post-event recovery, and a commitment to quality improvement. Most of the literature described the general attributes of a resilient health system; no implementation frameworks were identified that could translate these elements into specific capacities that health system actors can employ to improve resilience to outbreaks and natural hazards in a variety of settings. CONCLUSIONS: An implementation-oriented health system resilience framework could help translate the important components of a health system identified in this review into specific capacities that actors in the health system could work to develop to improve resilience to public health crises. However, there remains a need to further refine the concept of resilience so that health systems can simultaneously achieve sustainable transformations in healthcare practice and health service delivery as well as improve their preparedness for emergencies. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7707-z doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7707-z id: cord-005350-19za0msu author: O’Regan, Suzanne M. title: Theory of early warning signals of disease emergenceand leading indicators of elimination date: 2013-05-31 words: 14420.0 sentences: 802.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005350-19za0msu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005350-19za0msu.txt summary: Using the stochastic differential equation, we can obtain analytical expressions for statistical signatures of leading indicators and early warning signals, including the power spectrum and autocorrelation function (see Appendix A for details). To investigate the results of this theory for a particular parameter set (Table 7) , we calculated leading indicators of elimination and emergence, assuming alternatively that (a) the mean proportion of infectious individuals is given by the deterministic endemic equilibrium ( → 0 theory) or (b) assuming it is given by the current state of the fast-slow system approaching a transition. We also compared the elimination indicators with those calculated assuming that the mean proportion of infectious individuals was given by the deterministic endemic equilibrium from the limiting case models with no immigration. The goal of our study was to develop the theory of such early warning signals and leading indicators for infectious disease transmission systems that meet the assumptions of the familiar SIS and SIR models and which are forced through a critical transition by changes in transmission. abstract: Anticipating infectious disease emergence and documenting progress in disease elimination are important applications for the theory of critical transitions. A key problem is the development of theory relating the dynamical processes of transmission to observable phenomena. In this paper, we consider compartmental susceptible–infectious–susceptible (SIS) and susceptible–infectious–recovered (SIR) models that are slowly forced through a critical transition. We derive expressions for the behavior of several candidate indicators, including the autocorrelation coefficient, variance, coefficient of variation, and power spectra of SIS and SIR epidemics during the approach to emergence or elimination. We validated these expressions using individual-based simulations. We further showed that moving-window estimates of these quantities may be used for anticipating critical transitions in infectious disease systems. Although leading indicators of elimination were highly predictive, we found the approach to emergence to be much more difficult to detect. It is hoped that these results, which show the anticipation of critical transitions in infectious disease systems to be theoretically possible, may be used to guide the construction of online algorithms for processing surveillance data. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090900/ doi: 10.1007/s12080-013-0185-5 id: cord-027101-6wq1wqh3 author: Paszyński, Maciej title: A Massively Parallel Algorithm for the Three-Dimensional Navier-Stokes-Boussinesq Simulations of the Atmospheric Phenomena date: 2020-05-26 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: We present a massively parallel solver using the direction splitting technique and stabilized time-integration schemes for the solution of the three-dimensional non-stationary Navier-Stokes-Boussinesq equations. The model can be used for modeling atmospheric phenomena. The time integration scheme utilized enables for efficient direction splitting algorithm with finite difference solver. We show how to incorporate the terrain geometry into the simulation and how to perform the domain decomposition. The computational cost is linear [Formula: see text] over each sub-domain, and near to [Formula: see text] in parallel over 1024 processors, where N is the number of unknowns and c is the number of cores. This is even if we run the parallel simulator over complex terrain geometry. We analyze the parallel scalability experimentally up to 1024 processors over a PROMETHEUS Linux cluster with multi-core processors. The weak scalability of the code shows that increasing the number of sub-domains and processors from 4 to 1024, where each processor processes the subdomain of [Formula: see text] internal points ([Formula: see text] box), results in the increase of the total computational time from 120 s to 178 s for a single time step. Thus, we can perform a single time step with over 1,128,000,000 unknowns within 3 min. The number of unknowns results from the fact that we have three components of the velocity vector field, one component of the pressure, and one component of the temperature scalar field over 256,000,000 mesh points. The computation of the one time step takes 3 min on a Linux cluster. The direction splitting solver is not an iterative solver; it solves the system accurately since it is equivalent to Gaussian elimination. Our code is interfaced with the mesh generator reading the NASA database and providing the Earth terrain map. The goal of the project is to provide a reliable tool for parallel, fully three-dimensional computations of the atmospheric phenomena. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7302277/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-50371-0_8 id: cord-323703-fsj736dg author: Patterson, Grace T. title: Moving health to the heart of agri-food policies; mitigating risk from our food systems date: 2020-08-30 words: 6361.0 sentences: 276.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323703-fsj736dg.txt summary: Lack of genetic diversity has become commonplace in our global food systems, within both livestock and crop production (Bennett et al., 2018; Khoury et al., 2014) , and is a risk factor for heightened susceptibility to outbreaks of plant and animal disease. Zoonotic and non-zoonotic disease outbreaks and our responses to the presence or risk of these pathogens can destabilize food systems, leading to increased food insecurity and downstream health and economic effects. Evidence-based health-agri-food policies that support access and uptake of healthy diet and exercise, particularly in communities with high inequality, can help reverse the growing trend towards obesity and minimize morbidity and mortality from infectious disease. Even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic the international community had been aware of the increasing threat from emerging zoonotic pathogens, the ''dual burden'' imposed by endemic zoonoses on livestock productivity and human health, the biological and chemical hazards present in our food and the looming spectre of a post-antibiotic world. abstract: Our food systems are progressively more industrialized and consolidated with many modern food value chains involving multiple countries and continents, and as such being associated with changes in risk profile and impacts of emerging and re-emerging diseases. Disease outbreaks that sweep through a single region can have massive impacts on food supply, while severe outbreaks of human pathogens can disrupt agricultural labor supply or demand for products perceived as ‘unsafe’. Market pressures have generally rewarded production of cash crops for fuel and energy dense, low nutrient processed foods over production of fruits and vegetables for local consumption. Climbing rates of food-related NCDs and pre-existing conditions leave the population increasingly susceptible to infectious diseases that are often driven by or arise from the food system. Therefore disease and diet from our food systems cause impacts on human health, and human health issues can impact on the functioning of the food system. The COVID-19 outbreak is the most recent example of food system driven disease emergence and of massive supply and demand shocks in the food system, experienced as a direct and indirect result of this disease. The effects of the food system on disease spread (and vice versa) must be addressed in future plans to prevent and mitigate large scale outbreaks. Health policies must acknowledge the food system as the base of our health system, as must agri-food policy recognize the pre-eminence of human health (directly and indirectly) in decision making. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32904586/ doi: 10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100424 id: cord-024088-020rgz5t author: Radandt, Siegfried title: Governance of Occupational Safety and Health and Environmental Risks date: 2008 words: 39337.0 sentences: 2132.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-024088-020rgz5t.txt summary: Depending on the type of hazard, the three topics, namely, safety, health and the environment, may share the common trait that the proper handling of risks, i.e., how to reduce probabilities and/or consequences of unwanted events is not always possible within a risk management system. A number of new occupational health and safety hazards have already arisen or are foreseen, including problems with the ergonomics of video display units, and musculoskeletal disorders in shoulder-neck and arm-hand systems, information overload, psychological stress, and pressure to learn new skills. Both managers and workers often do not see the need to improve occupational safety and health or ergonomic issues and their possibilities and benefits by reducing or eliminating risks at work. The explanations below present the basic procedure for developing safety-relevant arrangements and solutions, i.e. the thinking and decision-making processes, as well as selecting criteria that are significant for the identification of unwelcome events, the risk of an event, the acceptance limits and the adoption of measures. abstract: Occupational safety and health (OSH) activities were started in the industrialized countries already 150 years ago. Separated and specific actions were directed at accident prevention, and the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of occupational diseases. As industrialization has advanced, the complexity of safety and health problems and challenges has substantially grown, calling for more comprehensive approaches. Such development has expanded the scope, as well as blurred the borders between specific activities. In the modern world of work, occupational safety and health are part of a complex system that involves innumerable interdependencies and interactions. These are, for instance, safety, health, well-being, aspects of the occupational and general environment, corporate policies and social responsibility, community policies and services, community social environment, workers’ families, their civil life, lifestyles and social networks, cultural and religious environments, and political and media environments. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7187950/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8289-4_4 id: cord-280459-y0tbvs3t author: Ramvikas, M. title: Nasal Vaccine Delivery date: 2016-10-07 words: 7333.0 sentences: 450.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-280459-y0tbvs3t.txt summary: Yet developing vaccine delivery systems that induce humoral and cell-mediated response with mucosal immunity has been challenging to date. Nasal delivery of vaccines acts as a "first entry block," that is, blocks the pathogen entry, while invading to the mucosal surface by inducing local microbial-specific immune responses, thus increasing the general efficacy of the vaccine. The nasal route is considered an attractive route for vaccine administration with the following advantages: • Better patient compliance • Numerous microvilli present in the nasal epithelium provide a better absorption surface • Mucosal and systemic immune response can be induced • Easy immunization of large population groups • Nasal immunization does not require needles and syringes Many challenges stand in the way of developing nasal vaccines. Hence a polymer-based micro-/nanoparticulate system can be exploited as a viable nasal vaccine delivery system that is capable of delivering a multitude of antigens at the targeted sites and inducing desired immune response. abstract: The mucosal surfaces represent the major site of entry of many pathogens, and major challenges in vaccine development include safety and stability in a suitable dosage form. Micro- and nanocarrier-based delivery systems as nasal vaccines induce humoral, cellular, and mucosal immunity. The nasal route of vaccination could also offer immunity at several distant mucosal sites (oral, rectal, vaginal, and pulmonary), which is considered a simplified and cost-effective mode of vaccination with enhanced patient compliance. Most of the nasal vaccine delivery systems in the form of microparticulates, nanoparticulates, and liposomes are currently under development and prove to offer immunity in animal models. The importance and potential of the nasal route of administration for vaccines is unexplored, and this chapter outlines the opportunities, challenges, and potential delivery solutions to facilitate the development of improved nasal vaccines for infectious diseases. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780323399814000154 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-39981-4.00015-4 id: cord-330560-amqs5lb6 author: Rana, Sourav title: Paradox of enrichment: A fractional differential approach with memory date: 2013-09-01 words: 5220.0 sentences: 341.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330560-amqs5lb6.txt summary: We conclude that there is a threshold for the memory effect parameter beyond which the Rosenzweig model is stable and may be used as a potential agent to resolve PoE from a new perspective via fractional differential equations. He formulated his model using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and considered enrichment by increasing the prey-carrying capacity. In other words, fractional dynamic systems in applications can adequately represent some long-term memory and non-local effects that are typical for many anomalous processes [36] . Fractional dynamical systems adequately represent some long-term memory and these non-local effects that are typical for many anomalous processes [36] . Here we considered the Rosenzweig model of PoE to provide a plausible solution from a new perspective that considers the ecological memory that exists for most species. Equilibrium points, stability and numerical solutions of fractional-order predator-prey and rabies models abstract: The paradox of enrichment (PoE) proposed by Rosenzweig [M. Rosenzweig, The paradox of enrichment, Science 171 (1971) 385–387] is still a fundamental problem in ecology. Most of the solutions have been proposed at an individual species level of organization and solutions at community level are lacking. Knowledge of how learning and memory modify behavioral responses to species is a key factor in making a crucial link between species and community levels. PoE resolution via these two organizational levels can be interpreted as a microscopic- and macroscopic-level solution. Fractional derivatives provide an excellent tool for describing this memory and the hereditary properties of various materials and processes. The derivatives can be physically interpreted via two time scales that are considered simultaneously: the ideal, equably flowing homogeneous local time, and the cosmic (inhomogeneous) non-local time. Several mechanisms and theories have been proposed to resolve the PoE problem, but a universally accepted theory is still lacking because most studies have focused on local effects and ignored non-local effects, which capture memory. Here we formulate the fractional counterpart of the Rosenzweig model and analyze the stability behavior of a system. We conclude that there is a threshold for the memory effect parameter beyond which the Rosenzweig model is stable and may be used as a potential agent to resolve PoE from a new perspective via fractional differential equations. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037843711300294X doi: 10.1016/j.physa.2013.03.061 id: cord-020130-g9p5lgmn author: Ratshidi, Lilies title: Categorization of Factors Influencing Community Health Workers from a Socio-Technical Systems Perspective date: 2020-03-10 words: 3921.0 sentences: 162.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-020130-g9p5lgmn.txt summary: The aim is operationalized by means of the best-fit framework synthesis method to explore the body of knowledge towards presenting a conceptual understanding through a categorization of Factors Influencing Community Health Workers from a Socio-Technical Systems Perspective. The study is grounded in social and technical perspectives as it facilitates the duality of the CHWs'' work and community role, further adopts the technique of the "best-fit" framework synthesis method in the exploration. Some of the solutions to achieve what is postulated in the studies include coordinating the health system and community system to prioritize factors that inhibit or facilitate the understanding of CHWs programs'' compatibility with community structures, cultural values, and perception, socio-economic context and support system [20] . In addition, integrating and adopting interventions supported by technological solutions, and the sustainability of these interventions should be considered when exploring efforts until the desired health outcomes are achieved to gain a better understanding of CHWs programs and their roles in LMICs [17] . abstract: In low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs), community health workers (CHWs) are often seen as a connecting bridge between two dynamic and overlapping systems- the community and formal health systems. Although the importance of CHWs is acknowledged, there is minimal aggregated evidence contributing towards understanding their position, technological capabilities, barriers and facilitators of their effectiveness in the South African context. Despite the widespread enthusiasm around the potential that mobile health (mHealth) technology holds in extending healthcare through CHW to underserved communities, an understanding of mHealth’s various implications in a developing world context is imperative to appreciate both the community and health systems context. The CHWs within this context need to assume multiple roles as they work and live amongst and in the community. The study argues that by examining their multiple roles as part of the healthcare continuum and from within the community setting, appropriating technological solutions can be conceptualized to facilitate and enhance their impact and visibility. This research article then aims to articulate the key conceptual factors which should be considered when implementing technological solutions for CHWs within the South African context. The aim is operationalized by means of the best-fit framework synthesis method to explore the body of knowledge towards presenting a conceptual understanding through a categorization of Factors Influencing Community Health Workers from a Socio-Technical Systems Perspective. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134222/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-45002-1_8 id: cord-028866-ci3ypbq8 author: Reindl, Andrea title: Scalable, Decentralized Battery Management System Based on Self-organizing Nodes date: 2020-06-12 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Due to the transition to renewable energy sources and the increasing share of electric vehicles and smart grids, batteries are gaining in importance. Battery management systems (BMSs) are required for optimal, reliable operation. In this paper, existing BMS topologies are presented and evaluated in terms of reliability, scalability and flexibility. The decentralisation of BMSs and associated advantages are shown. A scalable, reconfigurable BMS based on a distributed architecture of self-organized, locally controlled nodes is proposed. For distributed system control, producers, batteries and consumers each are equipped with a local microcontroller based control unit, which monitors and controls the local parameters with its own computing and communication resources. Features, advantages and challenges to overcome of the proposed approach are described. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7343423/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-52794-5_13 id: cord-349581-o320ogmg author: Robertson, Lindsay J. title: The technological 'exposure' of populations; characterisation and future reduction date: 2020-05-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The nature and level of individuals' exposure to technological systems has been explored previously and is briefly restated here. This paper demonstrates how the concept of technological exposure can be extended to generic needs of individuals, and further to the needs of populations of individuals and even as far as “existential threats” to humanity. Technological categories that incur high levels of population exposure are explored, and categories are described. A theoretical basis for reducing population exposure is developed from the basic concepts of technological exposure. Technological developments that potentially enable less centralised societies having lower levels of population exposure, are considered for practicality and effectiveness as are the factors that could allow and cause transition to a less technologically centralised model. Some conclusions regarding practicality, triggers, and issues arising from a decentralised society are considered and include the key conclusion that a higher level of decentralisation and exposure reduction is both desirable and possible. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016328720300720?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.futures.2020.102584 id: cord-102383-m5ahicqb author: Romano, Alessandra title: Energy dynamics for systemic configurations of virus-host co-evolution date: 2020-05-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Virus cause multiple outbreaks, for which comprehensive tailored therapeutic strategies are still missing. Virus and host cell dynamics are strictly connected, and convey in virion assembly to ensure virus spread in the body. Study of the systemic behavior of virus-host interaction at the single-cell level is a scientific challenge, considering the difficulties of using experimental approaches and the limited knowledge of the behavior of emerging novel virus as a collectivity. This work focuses on positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses, like human coronaviruses, in their virus-individual host interaction, studying the changes induced in the host cell bioenergetics. A systems-thinking representation, based on stock-flow diagramming of virus-host interaction at the cellular level, is used here for the first time to simulate the system energy dynamics. We found that reducing the energy flow which fuels virion assembly is the most affordable strategy to limit the virus spread, but its efficacy is mitigated by the contemporary inhibition of other flows relevant for the system. Summary Positive-single-strand ribonucleic acid ((+)ssRNA) viruses can cause multiple outbreaks, for which comprehensive tailored therapeutic strategies are still missing. Virus and host cell dynamics are strictly connected, generating a complex dynamics that conveys in virion assembly to ensure virus spread in the body. This work focuses on (+)ssRNA viruses in their virus-individual host interaction, studying the changes induced in the host cell bioenergetics. A systems-thinking representation, based on stock-flow diagramming of virus-host interaction at the cellular level, is used here for the first time to simulate the energy dynamics of the system. By means of a computational simulator based on the systemic diagramming, we identifid host protein recycling and folded-protein synthesis as possible new leverage points. These also address different strategies depending on time setting of the therapeutic procedures. Reducing the energy flow which fuels virion assembly is addressed as the most affordable strategy to limit the virus spread, but its efficacy is mitigated by the contemporary inhibition of other flows relevant for the system. Counterintuitively, targeting RNA replication or virion budding does not give rise to relevant systemic effects, and can possibly contribute to further virus spread. The tested combinations of multiple systemic targets are less efficient in minimizing the stock of virions than targeting only the virion assembly process, due to the systemic configuration and its evolution overtime. Viral load and early addressing (in the first two days from infection) of leverage points are the most effective strategies on stock dynamics to minimize virion assembly and preserve host-cell bioenergetics. As a whole, our work points out the need for a systemic approach to design effective therapeutic strategies that should take in account the dynamic evolution of the system. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.13.092866 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.13.092866 id: cord-314779-f5nvspcg author: Roth, Steffen title: East of nature. Accounting for the environments of social sciences date: 2020-06-07 words: 5747.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314779-f5nvspcg.txt summary: 1) While the latter focus has early been complemented by or extended to a social systems perspective, the primary goal of ecological economics (EE) has always remained the "sustainable wellbeing of both humans and the rest of nature" (Costanza, 2020, p. Hence, the "recognition that the economy is embedded within society, which is embedded within the rest of nature" (ibid.) is widespread; and even if some reservation might apply to the implication that economy and society belong to the realm of nature, the convention to define sustainability along an economic, social, and ecological or environmental dimension (Basiago, 1995; European Commission, 2001 ) is well-established and has gained particular prominence under the "triple bottom line" label (Elkington, 1994 (Elkington, , 1998 Mauerhofer, 2008; Ahi et al., 2018; Vatn, 2020 ) (see Fig. 1 ). abstract: At the core of ecological economics is the image of the economy as an open system embedded in the natural environment whose carrying capacity is limited. The present paper revisits this image by drawing upon the constructivist implications of Luhmann's social systems theory. To Luhmann, the modern society consists of a multitude of social systems each bringing forth and observing their own environments. If the Luhmannian vision is accepted, then ecological economics can be said to privilege the observational perspective of natural sciences. The unfortunate consequence of this privileging is the underestimation of a broad range of multidimensional sustainability risks which are foregrounded by the numerous alternative observational perspectives which are just as legitimate. It is argued that, rather than relativizing the sustainability concerns of the modern ecological economics, the Luhmannian perspective generalizes and radicalizes them. In doing so, the latter perspective opens new possibilities not only for navigating these risks but also for envisioning new resources and solutions. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0921800919321172 doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106734 id: cord-351490-2fx0w30u author: Russell, Clark D. title: Treatable traits and therapeutic targets: Goals for systems biology in infectious disease date: 2017-04-27 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Among the many medical applications of systems biology, we contend that infectious disease is one of the most important and tractable targets. We take the view that the complexity of the immune system is an inevitable consequence of its evolution, and this complexity has frustrated reductionist efforts to develop host-directed therapies for infection. However, since hosts vary widely in susceptibility and tolerance to infection, host-directed therapies are likely to be effective, by altering the biology of a susceptible host to induce a response more similar to a host who survives. Such therapies should exert minimal selection pressure on organisms, thus greatly decreasing the probability of pathogen resistance developing. A systems medicine approach to infection has the potential to provide new solutions to old problems: to identify host traits that are potentially amenable to therapeutic intervention, and the host immune factors that could be targeted by host-directed therapies. Furthermore, undiscovered sub-groups with different responses to treatment are almost certain to exist among patients presenting with life-threatening infection, since this population is markedly clinically heterogeneous. A major driving force behind high-throughput clinical phenotyping studies is the aspiration that these subgroups, hitherto opaque to observation, may be observed in the data generated by new technologies. Subgroups of patients are unlikely to be static – serial clinical and biological phenotyping may reveal different trajectories through the pathophysiology of disease, in which different therapeutic approaches are required. We suggest there are two major goals for systems biology in infection medicine: (1) to identify subgroups of patients that share treatable features; and, (2) to integrate high-throughput data from clinical and in vitro sources in order to predict tractable therapeutic targets with the potential to alter disease trajectories for individual patients. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coisb.2017.04.003 doi: 10.1016/j.coisb.2017.04.003 id: cord-264749-m1awr1rm author: Saad, Julian M. title: A philosophy of health: life as reality, health as a universal value date: 2020-03-18 words: 9761.0 sentences: 475.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264749-m1awr1rm.txt summary: The biological immune system, an individual''s system of health behaviors, and the social system will be observed as systems that generate maintainable-ease of functioning in cells, selves, and societies respectively (Fig. 2 ). To observe health at the level of the cell, the self, and the society simultaneously, we consider systems that support maintainable-ease of biological, behavioral, and social functioning. Through this philosophy, one can go beyond biological systems to observe how precision (in the form of hostdefense functions, decision-making/executive functions, and values) and variation (in the form of microbiota functions, habits/habitual life functions, and population-wide behaviors) integrate to generate to maintainable-ease of functioning in cells, selves, and societies simultaneously (Fig. 3) . Similarly, when behavioral and social exposures are not tailored to the needs of individuals and groups, populations can become resistant to healthy change, and health is no longer valued at the level of the self and the society. abstract: Emphases on biomarkers (e.g. when making diagnoses) and pharmaceutical/drug methods (e.g. when researching/disseminating population level interventions) in primary care evidence philosophies of health (and healthcare) that reduce health to the biological level. However, with chronic diseases being responsible for the majority of all cause deaths and being strongly linked to health behavior and lifestyle; predominantly biological views are becoming increasingly insufficient when discussing this health crisis. A philosophy that integrates biological, behavioral, and social determinants of health could benefit multidisciplinary discussions of healthy publics. This manuscript introduces a Philosophy of Health by presenting its first five principles of health. The philosophy creates parallels among biological immunity, health behavior change, social change by proposing that two general functions—precision and variation—impact population health at biological, behavioral, and social levels. This higher-level of abstraction is used to conclude that integrating functions, rather than separated (biological) structures drive healthy publics. A Philosophy of Health provides a framework that can integrate existing theories, models, concepts, and constructs. url: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0420-9 doi: 10.1057/s41599-020-0420-9 id: cord-286438-jz7gktaz author: Scherer, H. title: Olfactory System date: 2002-11-02 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: There are two different olfactory systems in man: one for self-preservation (classical olfactory system) and one for the propagation of the species (vomeronasal system). Both systems have a considerable impact on subcortical centers and particularly on emotional reactions, but only stimulation of the classical olfactory system is consciously perceived. The stimulus threshold of both systems is extremely low, but that of the olfactory system varies strongly with the nutritional status. The anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology are described. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B0080430767034781 doi: 10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/03478-1 id: cord-310288-onr700ue author: Sciubba, Daniel M. title: Scoring system to triage patients for spine surgery in the setting of limited resources: Application to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond date: 2020-05-29 words: 3593.0 sentences: 210.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-310288-onr700ue.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310288-onr700ue.txt summary: title: Scoring system to triage patients for spine surgery in the setting of limited resources: Application to the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond Methods Using a modified Delphi technique, a cohort of 16 fellowship-trained spine surgeons from 10 academic medical centers constructed a scoring system for the triage and prioritization of emergent and elective spine surgeries. Results The devised scoring system included 8 independent components: neurological status, underlying spine stability, presentation of a high-risk post-operative complication, patient medical comorbidities, expected hospital course, expected discharge disposition, facility resource limitations, and local disease burden. Conclusion Here we present the first quantitative urgency scoring system for the triage and prioritizing of spine surgery cases in resource-limited settings. The devised scoring system included 8 independent components: neurological status, underlying 19 spine stability, presentation of a high-risk post-operative complication, patient medical 20 comorbidities, expected hospital course, expected discharge disposition, facility resource 21 limitations, and local disease burden. abstract: Abstract Background As of May 04, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 3.5 million people and touched every inhabited continent. Accordingly, it has stressed health systems the world over leading to the cancellation of elective surgical cases and discussions regarding healthcare resource rationing. It is expected that rationing of surgical resources will continue even after the pandemic peak, and may recur with future pandemics, creating a need for a means of triaging emergent and elective spine surgery patients. Methods Using a modified Delphi technique, a cohort of 16 fellowship-trained spine surgeons from 10 academic medical centers constructed a scoring system for the triage and prioritization of emergent and elective spine surgeries. Three separate rounds of videoconferencing and written correspondence were used to reach a final scoring system. Sixteen test cases were used to optimize the scoring system so that it could categorize cases as requiring emergent, urgent, high-priority elective, or low-priority elective scheduling. Results The devised scoring system included 8 independent components: neurological status, underlying spine stability, presentation of a high-risk post-operative complication, patient medical comorbidities, expected hospital course, expected discharge disposition, facility resource limitations, and local disease burden. The resultant calculator was deployed as a freely-available web-based calculator (https://jhuspine3.shinyapps.io/SpineUrgencyCalculator/). Conclusion Here we present the first quantitative urgency scoring system for the triage and prioritizing of spine surgery cases in resource-limited settings. We believe that our scoring system, while not all-encompassing, has potential value as a guide for triaging spine surgical cases during the COVID pandemic and post-COVID period. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1878875020312043 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.233 id: cord-134378-p83nhiz9 author: Setlur, Vidya title: Sentifiers: Interpreting Vague Intent Modifiers in Visual Analysis using Word Co-occurrence and Sentiment Analysis date: 2020-09-26 words: 3569.0 sentences: 239.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-134378-p83nhiz9.txt summary: Natural language interaction with data visualization tools often involves the use of vague subjective modifiers in utterances such as"show me the sectors that are performing"and"where is a good neighborhood to buy a house?."Interpreting these modifiers is often difficult for these tools because their meanings lack clear semantics and are in part defined by context and personal user preferences. The interpretation of such modifiers makes it challenging for natural language interfaces to precisely determine the extensions of such concepts and mapping intent to the analytical functions provided in the visual analysis systems. Contribution This paper introduces Sentifiers, 1 a system to explore reasonable interpretations and defaults for such subjective vague modifiers in natural language interfaces for visual analysis. Research exploring the semantics of vague concepts for understanding intent transcends three main categories: (1) Computational Linguistics, (2) Intent and Modifiers in Search Systems, and (3) Natural Language Interaction for Visual Analysis. abstract: Natural language interaction with data visualization tools often involves the use of vague subjective modifiers in utterances such as"show me the sectors that are performing"and"where is a good neighborhood to buy a house?."Interpreting these modifiers is often difficult for these tools because their meanings lack clear semantics and are in part defined by context and personal user preferences. This paper presents a system called system that makes a first step in better understanding these vague predicates. The algorithm employs word co-occurrence and sentiment analysis to determine which data attributes and filters ranges to associate with the vague predicates. The provenance results from the algorithm are exposed to the user as interactive text that can be repaired and refined. We conduct a qualitative evaluation of the Sentifiers system that indicates the usefulness of the interface as well as opportunities for better supporting subjective utterances in visual analysis tasks through natural language. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.12701v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-027118-2xm8nkmi author: Sevastianov, Leonid A. title: An Effective Stable Numerical Method for Integrating Highly Oscillating Functions with a Linear Phase date: 2020-06-15 words: 3679.0 sentences: 209.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-027118-2xm8nkmi.txt summary: An approach based on the fruitful idea of Levin, which allows the use of the collocation method to approximate the slowly oscillating part of the antiderivative of the desired integral, allows reducing the calculation of the integral of a rapidly oscillating function (with a linear phase) to solving a system of linear algebraic equations with a triangular or Hermitian matrix. In particular, the use in specific implementations of the Levin collocation method in the physical space of degenerate Chebyshev differentiation matrices, which also have eigenvalues differing by orders of magnitude, makes it impossible to construct a stable numerical algorithm for solving the resulting SLAEs. The approach to solving the differential equation of the Levin method, described in [5, 6, 8] , is based on the approximation of the solution, as well as the integrand phase and amplitude functions in the form of expansion into finite series in Chebyshev polynomials. abstract: A practical and simple stable method for calculating Fourier integrals is proposed, effective both at low and at high frequencies. An approach based on the fruitful idea of Levin, which allows the use of the collocation method to approximate the slowly oscillating part of the antiderivative of the desired integral, allows reducing the calculation of the integral of a rapidly oscillating function (with a linear phase) to solving a system of linear algebraic equations with a triangular or Hermitian matrix. The choice of Gauss-Lobatto grid nodes as collocation points let to increasing the efficiency of the numerical algorithm for solving the problem. To avoid possible numerical instability of the algorithm, we proceed to the solution of a normal system of linear algebraic equations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7302542/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-50417-5_3 id: cord-290448-oeeg754b author: Shah, Darshil title: Improvising the surgical helmet system for aerosol-generating procedures in the OR: Surgeon designed 3D printed mould for augmented filtration system date: 2020-09-24 words: 2957.0 sentences: 189.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-290448-oeeg754b.txt summary: title: Improvising the surgical helmet system for aerosol-generating procedures in the OR: Surgeon designed 3D printed mould for augmented filtration system 3. RESULT: The helmet provided adequate comfort, showed no evidence of staining on spill test and the filter passed the industry filtration efficiency standards. Reaming, lavage, and use of saw ( Figure 1 ) have all shown to produce aerosols that vary in size from 0.7 -5 microns [1, 3] Surgical helmet systems are routinely used by arthroplasty surgeons to reduce the peri-operative infection rates and were also used as personal protective equipment [2, 3, 4] . This paper describes the process of designing and applying 3D printing technology to enhance the functionality of the surgical helmet system for use during the pandemic period. The 3D printed mould for filter placement is an inexpensive, efficient, and comfortable design to augment the personal protection of the Stryker helmet system. abstract: 1. BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to describe the process of designing and developing a mould for filter placement via 3D printing on top of the surgical helmet. This mould was designed to affix a filter material on top of the helmet system for use during the COVID - 19 pandemic. 2. METHOD: The authors performed 3D scanning of the Stryker Surgical helmet (Stryker T5, REF 400–610, US patents 6,973,677:7,753,682) and created a negative template of the top of the helmet. A mould for filter placement was printed and fitted onto the top of the surgical helmet. This construct was tested to evaluate the surgeon's comfort, aerosol filtration efficiency etc. 3. RESULT: The helmet provided adequate comfort, showed no evidence of staining on spill test and the filter passed the industry filtration efficiency standards. 4. CONCLUSION: The 3D printed mould is an inexpensive, efficient, and comfortable design to augment personal protection ability of the Stryker helmet system. This process can be extrapolated to 3D print templates for other surgical helmets. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32994683/ doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.09.030 id: cord-347241-9jn5agir author: Shahzad, Arfan title: Effects of COVID-19 in E-learning on higher education institution students: the group comparison between male and female date: 2020-08-04 words: 6067.0 sentences: 352.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt txt: ./txt/cord-347241-9jn5agir.txt summary: This study focuses on comparisons between male and female counterparts on E-learning portal usage among university students during the COVID-2019 period. The current study focuses on the male and female user satisfaction and E-learning system use toward the E-learning portal success of the Malaysian universities. The purpose of the present study to investigate the effect of information quality, system quality, and service quality toward user satisfaction and E-learning system use impact on the E-learning portal success. In the present research, the comparison between male and female students is measured based on E-learning portal success. In this model, the "system Quality" construct depicts "technical success." In contrast, the "Information quality" variable demonstrate "semantic success," while the other four elements "use," "user satisfaction," "individual impact," and "organizational impact" show "effectiveness success." Therefore, this study focus on male students'' comparison with female students on the E-learning portal. abstract: In response to the emerging and ever solution to the COVID-19 outbreak. This study proposes a theoretical framework based on literature and model to determined E-learning portal success. The study compared males and females to E-learning portal usage. The study objective is to check the difference between male and female E-learning portals’ accessibility among the students’ perspective. The study included service quality, system quality, information quality, user satisfaction, system use, and E-learning portal success. The empirical data of 280 students participated from the different universities of Malaysia through google surveys analyzed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. The study further divided the full model into two domains, which are female and male. In the male model, information quality and system quality have direct relationships with user satisfaction. Information quality also supported the relationship with system use. At the same time, there is a positive relationship between user satisfaction and E-learning portals. Likewise, in the female model, E-service quality and Information quality both are supported by system use and user satisfaction. Similarly, system quality has a positive relationship with user satisfaction, and user satisfaction has a positive relationship with E-learning portals. The study will be further helpful for the Malaysian universities policy-makers such as top management, ministry of higher education, Malaysian universities union in designing the policies and programs on E-learning Portal Success in the country. The findings of the study reveal that males and females have a different level of in terms of usage of towards E-learning portals in Malaysian Universities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32836471/ doi: 10.1007/s11135-020-01028-z id: cord-263450-v6vdg8os author: Shegogue, Daniel title: Object-oriented biological system integration: a SARS coronavirus example date: 2005-05-15 words: 4930.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt txt: ./txt/cord-263450-v6vdg8os.txt summary: Results: By applying an adapted, sequential software engineering process, a complex biological system (severe acquired respiratory syndrome-coronavirus viral infection) has been reverse-engineered and represented as an object-oriented software system. In addition, applying a well-defined software engineering process and object-oriented methodology provide an effective means to capture specifications from experimental data and integrate the biological system information. Finally, this process provides a guideline for the development of an integrated biological system, represented as an object-oriented software architecture, in a widely accepted objectoriented modeling language (such as UML), which can facilitate communication about complex systems among software engineers, biologists and other users. To demonstrate the efficacy of a well-defined software engineering process in the translation of a biological system to a model grounded in object-oriented principles, we used UML in the development of a severe acquired respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) model. abstract: Motivation: The importance of studying biology at the system level has been well recognized, yet there is no well-defined process or consistent methodology to integrate and represent biological information at this level. To overcome this hurdle, a blending of disciplines such as computer science and biology is necessary. Results: By applying an adapted, sequential software engineering process, a complex biological system (severe acquired respiratory syndrome-coronavirus viral infection) has been reverse-engineered and represented as an object-oriented software system. The scalability of this object-oriented software engineering approach indicates that we can apply this technology for the integration of large complex biological systems. Availability: A navigable web-based version of the system is freely available at http://people.musc.edu/~zhengw/SARS/Software-Process.htm Contact: zhengw@musc.edu Supplementary information: Supplemental data: Table 1 and Figures 1–16. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731211/ doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bti344 id: cord-319828-9ru9lh0c author: Shi, Shuyun title: Applications of Blockchain in Ensuring the Security and Privacy of Electronic Health Record Systems: A Survey date: 2020-07-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Due to the popularity of blockchain, there have been many proposed applications of blockchain in the healthcare sector, such as electronic health record (EHR) systems. Therefore, in this paper we perform a systematic literature review of blockchain approaches designed for EHR systems, focusing only on the security and privacy aspects. As part of the review, we introduce relevant background knowledge relating to both EHR systems and blockchain, prior to investigating the (potential) applications of blockchain in EHR systems. We also identify a number of research challenges and opportunities. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32834254/ doi: 10.1016/j.cose.2020.101966 id: cord-355130-a2jc1g0i author: Shrivastava, Paul title: Transforming Sustainability Science to Generate Positive Social and Environmental Change Globally date: 2020-04-24 words: 8681.0 sentences: 457.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355130-a2jc1g0i.txt summary: These universal agreements reflect a global consensus to address climate change and strive for sustainable and balanced social and economic development that promotes the well-being of socio-ecological systems. In this Perspective, we argue that in order to generate positive social and environmental changes globally, sustainability science must transform into a transdisciplinary enterprise. The evolution of what is now known as sustainability science has been important, but clearly it is not yet enough to play a pivotal role in social transformations needed for human preservation in the face of accelerating changes of the Anthropocene. Not only has failure to integrate important insights from the social sciences and environmental humanities limited the perceived ''''solution space'''' for responding to global challenges, but sustainability science has also failed to engage with the ''''how'''' of transformative change. abstract: Despite the decades-long efforts of sustainability science and related policy and action programs, humanity has not gotten closer to global sustainability. With its focus on the natural sciences, sustainability science is not able to contribute sufficiently to the global transition to sustainability. This Perspective argues for transforming sustainability science into a transdisciplinary enterprise that can generate positive social and environmental change globally. In such transformation, the social sciences, humanities, and the arts can play an important role to address the complex problems of culture, institutions, and human behavior. To realize a truly integrated sustainability science, we need renewed research and public policies that reshape the research ecosystem of universities, funding agencies, science communications, policymaking, and decision making. Sustainability science must also engage with society and creatively employ all available sources of knowledge in favor of creating a sustainable Earth. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590332220301615 doi: 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.04.010 id: cord-017062-dkw2sugl author: Singh, Indu title: Delivery Systems for Lymphatic Targeting date: 2013-10-08 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The lymphatic system has a critical role in the immune system’s recognition and response to disease, and it is an additional circulatory system throughout the entire body. Most solid cancers primarily spread from the main site via the tumour’s surrounding lymphatics before haematological dissemination. Targeting drugs to lymphatic system is quite complicated because of its intricate physiology. Therefore, it tends to be an important target for developing novel therapeutics. Currently, nanocarriers have encouraged the lymphatic targeting, but still there are challenges of locating drugs and bioactives to specific sites, maintaining desired action and crossing all the physiological barriers. Lymphatic therapy using drug-encapsulated colloidal carriers especially liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles emerges as a new technology to provide better penetration into the lymphatics where residual disease exists. Optimising the proper procedure, selecting the proper delivery route and target area and making use of surface engineering tool, better carrier for lymphotropic system can be achieved. Thus, new methods of delivering drugs and other carriers to lymph nodes are currently under investigation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121534/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9434-8_20 id: cord-018038-gqdylj6n author: Snyder, William M. title: Our World as a Learning System: A Communities-of-Practice Approach date: 2010 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: We live in a small world, where a rural Chinese butcher who contracts a new type of deadly flu virus can infect a visiting international traveller, who later infects attendees at a conference in a Hong Kong hotel, who within weeks spread the disease to Vietnam, Singapore, Canada, and Ireland. Fortunately, the virulence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) was matched by the passion and skill of a worldwide community of scientists, health care workers, and institutional leaders who stewarded a highly successful campaign to quarantine and treat those who were infected while identifying the causes of the disease and ways to prevent its spread. In such a world, we depend on expert practitioners to connect and collaborate on a global scale to solve problems like this one – and to prevent future ones. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122803/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-84996-133-2_7 id: cord-223669-hs5pfg4b author: Song, Jinyue title: Blockchain Meets COVID-19: A Framework for Contact Information Sharing and Risk Notification System date: 2020-07-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: COVID-19 causes a global epidemic infection, which is the most severe infection disaster in human history. In the absence of particular medication and vaccines, tracing and isolating the source of infection is the best option to slow the spread of the virus and reduce infection and death rates among the population. There are three main obstacles in the process of tracing the infection: 1) Patient's electronic health record is stored in a traditional centralized database that could be stolen and tampered with the infection data, 2) The confidential personal identity of the infected user may be revealed to a third party or organization, 3) Existing infection tracing systems do not trace infections from multiple dimensions. Either the system is location-based or individual-based tracing. In this work, we propose a global COVID-19 information sharing system that utilizes the Blockchain, Smart Contract, and Bluetooth technologies. The proposed system unifies location-based and Bluetooth-based contact tracing services into the Blockchain platform, where the automatically executed smart contracts are deployed so that users can get consistent and non-tamperable virus trails. The anonymous functionality provided by the Blockchain and Bluetooth technology protects the user's identity privacy. With our proposed analysis formula for estimating the probability of infection, users can take measures to protect themselves in advance. We also implement a prototype system to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.10529v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-322511-hnvqvajx author: Speerin, Robyn title: Implementing models of care for musculoskeletal conditions in health systems to support value-based care date: 2020-07-25 words: 9092.0 sentences: 400.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-322511-hnvqvajx.txt summary: MoCs can support the quadruple aim of value-based care through providing people with musculoskeletal disease improved access to health services, better health outcomes and satisfactory experience of their healthcare; ensure the health professionals involved are experiencing satisfaction in delivering such care and health system resources are better utilised. MoCs can support the quadruple aim of value-based care through providing people with musculoskeletal disease improved access to health services, better health outcomes and satisfactory experience of their healthcare; ensure the health professionals involved are experiencing satisfaction in delivering such care and health system resources are better utilised. Implementing models of care to support value-based care When MoCs are developed as described in this paper and a quality improvement cycle is used, such as an established framework for evaluation [18] , they can provide clear evidence for health systems and policy-makers when making decisions regarding equitable use of resources that will optimise health system outcomes across the quadruple aim for value-based care. abstract: Models of Care (MoCs), and their local Models of Service Delivery, for people with musculoskeletal conditions are becoming an acceptable way of supporting effective implementation of value-based care. MoCs can support the quadruple aim of value-based care through providing people with musculoskeletal disease improved access to health services, better health outcomes and satisfactory experience of their healthcare; ensure the health professionals involved are experiencing satisfaction in delivering such care and health system resources are better utilised. Implementation of MoCs is relevant at the levels of clinical practice (micro), service delivery organisations (meso) and health system (macro) levels. The development, implementation and evaluation of MoCs has evolved over the last decade to more purposively engage people with lived experience of their condition, to operationalise the Chronic Care Model and to employ innovative solutions. This paper explores how MoCs have evolved and are supporting the delivery of value-based care in health systems. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521694220300656 doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2020.101548 id: cord-310872-2z1wnj63 author: Spellberg, Brad title: Alignment With Market Forces: The “Re-Whithering” of Infectious Diseases date: 2020-06-20 words: 2901.0 sentences: 165.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310872-2z1wnj63.txt summary: Approximately 35 years after Dr. Petersdorf first asked the question, we find ourselves once again wondering, "Whither Infectious Diseases?" To answer this question, and align with predominant US market forces, ID experts should push for the following: (1) restrictions regarding utilization of ID diagnostics and antimicrobial agents; (2) pay-for-performance measures regarding antimicrobial prescribing rates; and (3) healthcare reform as called for by the American College of Physicians to move away from fee-for-service medicine. Infectious diseases practitioners may be better at diagnosing and treating infections than those who practice other specialties, but to what financial advantage to healthcare systems that hang on by their fingernails with operating margins under 2% [16, 17] ? First, ID practitioners have unique expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of infections, which can lead to less antimicrobial resistance and superinfections, better outcomes, and lower cost for patients and health systems. abstract: Given constant emergence of new infectious threats, infectious diseases (ID) should be one of the most attractive medical specialties to students and trainees. Yet, ID Fellowship programs continue to not fill in the match, and ID remains among the lowest paid specialties. Approximately 35 years after Dr. Petersdorf first asked the question, we find ourselves once again wondering, “Whither Infectious Diseases?” To answer this question, and align with predominant US market forces, ID experts should push for the following: (1) restrictions regarding utilization of ID diagnostics and antimicrobial agents; (2) pay-for-performance measures regarding antimicrobial prescribing rates; and (3) healthcare reform as called for by the American College of Physicians to move away from fee-for-service medicine. Einstein said, “Continuing to do the same thing over and over and expecting a different result is the definition of insanity.” We must move towards alignment with market forces, to benefit our patients, society, and our colleagues. url: https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa245 doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa245 id: cord-326210-216atclj author: Sturmberg, Joachim P. title: COVID‐19 – how a pandemic reveals that everything is connected to everything else date: 2020-07-06 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32633056/ doi: 10.1111/jep.13419 id: cord-029880-mhmvc0kq author: Sy, Charlle title: Policy Development for Pandemic Response Using System Dynamics: a Case Study on COVID-19 date: 2020-07-29 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has burdened several countries. Its high transmissibility and mortality rate have caused devastating impacts on human lives. This has led countries to implement control strategies, such as social distancing, travel bans, and community lockdowns, with varying levels of success. However, a disease outbreak can cause significant economic disruption from business closures and risk avoidance behaviors. This paper raises policy recommendations through a system dynamics modeling approach. The developed model captures relationships, feedbacks, and delays present in a disease transmission system. The dynamics of several policies are analyzed and assessed based on effectiveness in mitigating infection and the resulting economic strain. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7388738/ doi: 10.1007/s41660-020-00130-x id: cord-209166-1drg5gzp author: Tah, Rajdeep title: Study of the Curvature of Liquid Surface surrounding a Rotating Spherical Object in Gravity Free Space date: 2020-08-26 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Concept of curvature of liquid surrounding a spherical surface seems obvious in daily life, but based on earthly conditions everywhere. However, our understanding about the concept seems more transparent when we keep the system out of the usual earthly condition i.e. without gravity. Although existence of forces like adhesion and cohesion along liquid surface come to the fore even in the presence of other force like gravitational ones, but without gravity these forces are solely responsible for kind of observable phenomenon. Also, we introduced a form of force responsible for providing a form of potential dominating over the gravitational one. The discussion was provided an ingenious approach, by conserving surface energy, it still explains a lot about what can be done more to explore other properties of rotating liquids in free space. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.11683v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-287765-nsdequl9 author: Taiwo, Olutosin title: Smart healthcare support for remote patient monitoring during covid-19 quarantine date: 2020-09-15 words: 7111.0 sentences: 359.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287765-nsdequl9.txt summary: To this end, a remote smart home healthcare support system (ShHeS) is proposed for monitoring patients'' health status and receiving doctors'' prescriptions while staying at home. In this paper, we propose a mobile application-based prototype smart home healthcare system for efficient and effective health monitoring for the elderly and disabled for their convenient and independent living while at home. Smart home automation as an emerging area of IoT has been applied in various areas such as: easy and assisted daily living especially for the provision of support to humans [17] , remote control of home appliances [18, 19] , detection of movement in the house [20] , energy management in the home [21] and security [22] , and provision of healthcare services to out-patients, disabled and elderly persons [10, 23, 24] . The proposed system described in our work is intended to perform a dual function of controlling home appliances as well as monitoring and recording the patient''s physiological data such as blood pressure, body temperature, pulse rate, body weight and sugar level and other symptoms related to a specific virus. abstract: Social distancing and quarantining are now standard practices which are implemented worldwide since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) disease pandemic in 2019. Due to the full acceptance of the above control practices, frequent hospital contact visits are being discouraged. However, there are people whose physiological vital needs still require routine monitoring for improved healthy living. Interestingly, with the recent technological advancements in the areas of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, smart home automation, and healthcare systems, contact-based hospital visits are now regarded as non-obligatory. To this end, a remote smart home healthcare support system (ShHeS) is proposed for monitoring patients’ health status and receiving doctors’ prescriptions while staying at home. Besides this, doctors can also carry out the diagnosis of ailments using the data collected remotely from the patient. An android based mobile application that interfaces with a web-based application is implemented for efficient patients-doctors dual real-time communication. Sensors are incorporated in the system for automatic capturing of physiological health parameters of patients. Also, a hyperspace analogue to context (HAC) was incorporated into the current monitoring framework for service discovery and context change in the home environment towards accurate readings of the physiological parameters and improved system performance. With the proposed system, patients can be remotely monitored from their homes, and can also live a more comfortable life through the use of some features of smart home automation devices on their phones. Therefore, one main significant contribution of this study is that patients in self-isolation or self-quarantine can use the new platform to send daily health symptoms and challenges to doctors via their mobile phones. Thus, improved healthy living and a comfortable lifestyle can still be achieved even during such a problematic period of the 2019 COVID-19 pandemic that has already recorded 20,026,186 million cases so far with 734,020 thousand deaths globally. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32953970/ doi: 10.1016/j.imu.2020.100428 id: cord-298064-itxuyetu author: Tang, Rong title: The state of practice of COVID‐19 tracking systems: An inventory study date: 2020-10-22 words: 1227.0 sentences: 76.0 pages: flesch: 67.0 cache: ./cache/cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-298064-itxuyetu.txt summary: Key findings include the frequency distribution of the systems'' web domain names, the countries where the systems were created, the languages they support, the visual display format, the map platforms, and the data sources. According to The World Health Organization (WHO), the objectives of COVID-19 surveillance systems include: "(a) monitor trends in the disease where human-to-human transmission occurs; (b) rapidly detect new cases in countries where the virus is not circulating; (c) provide epidemiological information to conduct risk assessments at the national, regional and global levels; (d) provide epidemiological information to guide preparedness and response measures" (WHO, 2020). Data visualization features and display format were documented in terms of the presence or absence of maps, tables, various chart formats including line charts, column charts, bar graphs, area charts, and pie charts. abstract: In this poster, we report the preliminary results of an inventory of 149 publicly accessible active COVID‐19 tracking systems. Key findings include the frequency distribution of the systems' web domain names, the countries where the systems were created, the languages they support, the visual display format, the map platforms, and the data sources. These findings help to advance the knowledge of the data characteristics and design of pandemic surveillance/tracking systems. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.397 doi: 10.1002/pra2.397 id: cord-024329-r8mi42fu author: Tarasiev, Andrey title: Using of Open-Source Technologies for the Design and Development of a Speech Processing System Based on Stemming Methods date: 2020-05-05 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: This article discusses the idea of developing an intelligent and customizable automated system for real-time text and voice dialogs with the user. This system can be used for almost any subject area, for example, to create an automated robot - a call center operator or smart chat bots, assistants, and so on. This article presents the developed flexible architecture of the proposed system. The system has many independent submodules. These modules work as interacting microservices and use several speech recognition schemes, including a decision support submodule, third-party speech recognition systems and a post-processing subsystem. In this paper, the post-processing module of the recognized text is presented in detail on the example of Russian and English dictionary models. The proposed submodule also uses several processing steps, including the use of various stemming methods, the use of word stop-lists or other lexical structures, the use of stochastic keyword ranking using a weight table, etc. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7198241/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-47240-5_10 id: cord-017543-60q9iecq author: Tian, Wei-Chang title: Microfluidic Applications in Biodefense date: 2008-08-23 words: 16557.0 sentences: 831.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017543-60q9iecq.txt summary: Sections cover microscale sample preparation methods; immunomagnetic separations and immunoassays; proteomics; polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and other nucleic acid amplification methods; DNA microarrays, microelectrophoresis, and finally integrated Lab-on-a-Chip systems. The intent of JBAIDS Block III, Next Generation Diagnostics (NGD), is to establish a new system incorporating the capabilities of Block I and Block II capabilities (Table 10 .1) and adding immunoassay capabilities and the ability to identify up to 50 agents including toxins in 15 minutes using automated, miniaturized sample preparation integrated with analysis for nucleic acids and proteins, in a hand held or smaller format. They will need to be completely automated or simple to use; incorporate advanced technologies including sample preparation starting from primary samples (aerosols, blood, etc.), molecular detection, automation, microfluidics, and bioinformatics; reduce reagent consumption and space requirements; and provide cost and performance advantages compared to present systems. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122129/ doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-09480-9_10 id: cord-264974-hspek930 author: Timmis, Kenneth title: The COVID‐19 pandemic: some lessons learned about crisis preparedness and management, and the need for international benchmarking to reduce deficits date: 2020-05-03 words: 7222.0 sentences: 275.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264974-hspek930.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264974-hspek930.txt summary: If, despite the explicit warning of the World Health Organization in 2011 that ''The world is ill-prepared to respond to a severe influenza pandemic or to any similarly global, sustained and threatening public-health emergency'' (https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA64/A64_10en.pdf), it was not apparent to those in charge, and to the general public-i.e., those suffering from COVID-19 infections and the funders of health services (tax/insurance payers)-that existing health systems had inherent vulnerabilities which could prove to be devastating when seriously stressed, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (e.g., see Brüssow, 2020 ) has brutally exposed it now. International benchmarking is mandatory, because it has become clear that there is a wide range of effectiveness in the ability of different countries with developed economies to respond to this crisis (and probably others), and the tax-paying public has no compelling reason to tolerate perpetuation of factors underlying poor responses to crises. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32319151/ doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.15029 id: cord-263261-xhem8l39 author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: Bismarck and the Long Road to Universal Health Coverage date: 2018-03-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The 2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) state that All United Nations Member States have agreed to try to achieve Universal Health Coverage by 2030. This includes financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all. Universal health coverage (UHC) means inclusion and empowerment for all people to access medical care, including treatment and prevention services. UHC exists in all the industrial nations except the US, which has a mixed public-private system and struggles with closing the gap between the insured and the uninsured population. Middle- and low-income countries face many challenges for UHC achievement, including low levels of funding, lack of personnel, weak health management, and issues of availability of services favoring middle- and upper-class communities. Community health services for preventive and curative health services for needs in populations at risk for poor health in low-income countries must be addressed with proactive health promotion initiatives for the double burden of infectious and noncommunicable diseases. Each nation will develop its own unique approach to national health systems, but there are models used by a number of countries based on principles of national responsibility for health, social solidarity for providing funding, and for effective ways of providing care with comprehensiveness, efficiency, quality, and cost containment. Universal access does not eliminate social inequalities in health by itself, including a wide context of reducing social inequities. Understanding national health systems requires examining representative models of different systems. Health reform is necessarily a continuing process as all countries must adapt to face challenges of cost constraints, inequalities in access to care, aging populations, emergence of new disease conditions and advancing technology including the growing capacity of medicine, public health and health promotion. The growing stress of increasing obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases, requires nations to modify their health care systems. Learning from the systems developed in different countries helps to learn from the processes of change in other countries. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128045718000317 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804571-8.00031-7 id: cord-333599-hl11ln2r author: Tulchinsky, Theodore H. title: Planning and Managing Health Systems date: 2014-10-10 words: 19701.0 sentences: 839.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333599-hl11ln2r.txt summary: Planning and management are changing in the era of the New Public Health with advances in prevention and treatment of disease, population health needs, innovative technologies such as genetic engineering, new immunizations that prevent cancers and infectious diseases, prevention of non-communicable diseases, environmental and nutritional health, and health promotion to reduce risk factors and improve healthful living for the individual and the community. Selection of the direction to be taken in organizing health services is usually based on a mix of factors, including the political view of the government, public opinion, and rational assessment of needs as indicated through epidemiological data, cost-benefit analysis, the experience of "good public health practice" from leading countries, and recommendations by expert groups. Health is a knowledge-based service industry, so that knowledge management and information technology are extremely important parts of the New Public Health, not only in patient care systems in hospitals, but also in public health delivery systems in the community, school, place of work, and home. abstract: Health systems are complex organizations. They are often the largest single employer in a country, with expenditures of public and private money of 4–17 percent of gross domestic product. Overall and individual facility management requires mission statements, objectives, targets, budgets, activities planning, human interaction, services delivery, and quality assurance. Health organization involves a vast complex of stakeholders and participants, suppliers and purchasers, regulators and direct providers, and individual patients, and their decision-making. These include pyramidal and network organizations and ethical decision-making based on public interest, resource allocations, priority selection, and assurance of certain codes of law and ethical conduct. This chapter discusses how complex organizations work, with potential for application in health, and the motivations of workers and of the population being served. Organization theory helps in devising methods to integrate relevant factors to become more effective in defining and achieving goals and missions. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780124157668000124 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415766-8.00012-4 id: cord-013377-d4tbf05a author: Ungurean, Ioan title: A Software Architecture for the Industrial Internet of Things—A Conceptual Model date: 2020-09-30 words: 9918.0 sentences: 435.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013377-d4tbf05a.txt summary: The main contributions of this paper are the proposal and description of a complete IIoT software architecture, the use of a unified address space, and the use of the computing platform based on SoC (System on Chip) with specialized co-processors in order to be able to execute in real-time certain time-critical operations specific to the industrial environment. In the specialized literature, several reference architectures for IoT and IIoT are proposed, but these are abstract models which do not deal with how to integrate things from the industrial environment, especially as in this environment are used communication systems (fieldbuses) with specific capabilities such as real-time monitoring and control of time-critical operations. One of the main goals of the drivers is to build the address space in a unitary way, hiding the specific details of each fieldbus and connected devices, such as the addressing mode or the In order to meet the real-time requirements specific to the industrial environment, the fog nodes can be designed and developed on SoC systems with specialized coprocessors for the communication implementation with fieldbuses. abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging concept that has revolutionized the use of new technologies in everyday life. The economic impact of IoT becoming very important, and it began to be used in the industrial environment under the name of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) concept, which is a sub-domain of IoT. The IIoT changes the way industrial processes are controlled and monitored, increasing operating efficiency. This article proposes a software architecture for IIoT that has a low degree of abstraction compared to the reference architectures presented in the literature. The architecture is organized on four-layer and it integrates the latest concepts related to fog and edge computing. These concepts are activated through the use of fog/edge/gateway nodes, where the processing of data acquired from things is performed and it is the place where things interact with each other in the virtual environment. The main contributions of this paper are the proposal and description of a complete IIoT software architecture, the use of a unified address space, and the use of the computing platform based on SoC (System on Chip) with specialized co-processors in order to be able to execute in real-time certain time-critical operations specific to the industrial environment. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7583771/ doi: 10.3390/s20195603 id: cord-025337-lkv75bgf author: Vakkuri, Ville title: “This is Just a Prototype”: How Ethics Are Ignored in Software Startup-Like Environments date: 2020-05-06 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions are becoming increasingly common in software development endeavors, and consequently exert a growing societal influence as well. Due to their unique nature, AI based systems influence a wide range of stakeholders with or without their consent, and thus the development of these systems necessitates a higher degree of ethical consideration than is currently carried out in most cases. Various practical examples of AI failures have also highlighted this need. However, there is only limited research on methods and tools for implementing AI ethics in software development, and we currently have little knowledge of the state of practice. In this study, we explore the state of the art in startup-like environments where majority of the AI software today gets developed. Based on a multiple case study, we discuss the current state of practice and highlight issues. The cases underline the complete ignorance of ethical consideration in AI endeavors. We also outline existing good practices that can already support the implementation of AI ethics, such as documentation and error handling. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7251612/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-49392-9_13 id: cord-015697-j22q89l9 author: Vanderwende, Lucy title: Beyond SumBasic: Task-focused summarization with sentence simplification and lexical expansion date: 2007-04-19 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: In recent years, there has been increased interest in topic-focused multi-document summarization. In this task, automatic summaries are produced in response to a specific information request, or topic, stated by the user. The system we have designed to accomplish this task comprises four main components: a generic extractive summarization system, a topic-focusing component, sentence simplification, and lexical expansion of topic words. This paper details each of these components, together with experiments designed to quantify their individual contributions. We include an analysis of our results on two large datasets commonly used to evaluate task-focused summarization, the DUC2005 and DUC2006 datasets, using automatic metrics. Additionally, we include an analysis of our results on the DUC2006 task according to human evaluation metrics. In the human evaluation of system summaries compared to human summaries, i.e., the Pyramid method, our system ranked first out of 22 systems in terms of overall mean Pyramid score; and in the human evaluation of summary responsiveness to the topic, our system ranked third out of 35 systems. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7115785/ doi: 10.1016/j.ipm.2007.01.023 id: cord-302879-ao0n3x9b author: Vanhee, T. title: Child behaviour during dental care under nitrous oxide sedation: a cohort study using two different gas distribution systems date: 2020-10-16 words: 3858.0 sentences: 197.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302879-ao0n3x9b.txt summary: title: Child behaviour during dental care under nitrous oxide sedation: a cohort study using two different gas distribution systems PURPOSE: Conscious sedation by inhalation of a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (CS) is a technique used in dental care for anxious, handicapped or uncooperative patients. The very special objective of this cohort study is to compare the behaviour of young patients during dental care under CS in two hospitals using different gas distribution systems. Conscious sedation by inhalation of a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (CS) is an effective means for the management of uncooperative children requiring dental care in paediatric dentistry services in hospitals (Bryan 2002) . The effect of nitrous oxide administration can be measured by the success or failure rate of the treatment or using behavioural observation with instruments like of Venham scale (Collado et al. abstract: PURPOSE: Conscious sedation by inhalation of a mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen (CS) is a technique used in dental care for anxious, handicapped or uncooperative patients. The very special objective of this cohort study is to compare the behaviour of young patients during dental care under CS in two hospitals using different gas distribution systems. METHODS: Young patients were divided into four categories: young child (YC), phobic anxiety (PA), mental disorder (MD), occasional indication (OI). Differences in behaviour scale at various time points according to the sedation system used were established and compared using Mann–Whitney tests. RESULTS: This study showed that there is no difference in behaviour during dental care in YC after sedation. In PA, a significant difference in behaviour is only observed during local anaesthesia (p = 0.024). CONCLUSION: No significant differences detected in children’s behaviour under conscious sedation using different gas administration systems. The delicate stage of local anaesthesia in PA patients can be facilitated with repeated sessions of dental care under conscious sedation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s40368-020-00569-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33067760/ doi: 10.1007/s40368-020-00569-z id: cord-030026-4jew57ce author: Vasala, Antti title: Modern Tools for Rapid Diagnostics of Antimicrobial Resistance date: 2020-07-15 words: 14184.0 sentences: 769.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt txt: ./txt/cord-030026-4jew57ce.txt summary: The CE-marked Alfed 60 AST TM system (Alifax, Italy) uses sensitive laser-light scattering technology to detect bacterial growth in a liquid culture broth and provides antimicrobial susceptibility results directly from positive blood culture bottles within 4-6 h. With 232 positive blood cultures tested, the overall essential agreement with routine methods was 95.1%, and the time needed for AST was decreased by 42 h in comparison to standard growth-based analysis. Regarding the speed and the need to handle clinical polybacterial samples, the immunodiagnostic TPX-technology (ArcDia Ltd), growth-based FISH (Accelerate Pheno), the Multipath digital imaging technology based on nanoparticles for labeling and magnetic beads for capturing (First Light Diagnostics Inc.) , and the NAAT-based dAST (Talis Inc.) seem promising options for rapid point-of-care testing of antimicrobial susceptibility. A novel microfluidic assay for rapid phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria detected in clinical blood cultures abstract: Fast, robust, and affordable antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is required, as roughly 50% of antibiotic treatments are started with wrong antibiotics and without a proper diagnosis of the pathogen. Validated growth-based AST according to EUCAST or CLSI (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute) recommendations is currently suggested to guide the antimicrobial therapy. Any new AST should be validated against these standard methods. Many rapid diagnostic techniques can already provide pathogen identification. Some of them can additionally detect the presence of resistance genes or resistance proteins, but usually isolated pure cultures are needed for AST. We discuss the value of the technologies applying nucleic acid amplification, whole genome sequencing, and hybridization as well as immunodiagnostic and mass spectrometry-based methods and biosensor-based AST. Additionally, we evaluate the potential of integrated systems applying microfluidics to integrate cultivation, lysis, purification, and signal reading steps. We discuss technologies and commercial products with potential for Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) and their capability to analyze polymicrobial samples without pre-purification steps. The purpose of this critical review is to present the needs and drivers for AST development, to show the benefits and limitations of AST methods, to introduce promising new POCT-compatible technologies, and to discuss AST technologies that are likely to thrive in the future. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7373752/ doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00308 id: cord-268193-xwptzgvl author: Wang, Tzong-Luen title: Establishing a clinical decision rule of severe acute respiratory syndrome at the emergency department() date: 2003-12-29 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: In the absence of reliable rapid confirmatory tests during severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) endemics, we designed a 2-phase cohort study to establish a scoring system for SARS and to evaluate whether it could improve the sensitivity and specificity of the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. METHODS: According to the clinical characteristics and initial laboratory findings of 175 suspected cases defined by the WHO criteria (20 confirmed as cases of SARS) in 3 university teaching hospitals in Taipei between March 1 and April 20, 2003, the scoring system for SARS was designed by multivariate analysis and stepwise logistic regression as the simple arithmetic sum of point values assigned to 7 parameters. We thereafter applied the scoring system for SARS to the consecutive 232 patients (the validation group) who met the WHO criteria of suspected cases from April 21 to May 22, 2003. Final diagnosis of SARS was determined by the results of real-time polymerase chain reaction and paired serum. RESULTS: The scoring system for SARS was defined as radiographic findings of multilobar or bilateral infiltrates (3 points), sputum monocyte predominance (3 points), lymphocytopenia (2 points), history of exposure (1 point), lactate dehydrogenase more than 450 U/L (1 point), C-reactive protein more than 5.0 mg/dL (1 point), and activated partial prothrombin time more than 40 seconds (1 point). Of the validation group, 60 patients (group A) were confirmed as having cases of SARS, and the other 172 (group B) patients tested negative for SARS. The total points of the scoring system for SARS at initial presentation were significantly higher in the SARS group (median 9; range 6 to 11) than in the non-SARS group (median 4; range 3 to 7; P<.001). At the cutoff value of 6 points, the sensitivity and specificity of the scoring system for SARS in diagnosing SARS were 100% and 93%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of the scoring system for SARS were 83% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The scoring system for SARS can provide a rapid and reliable clinical decision to help emergency physicians detect cases of SARS more accurately in the endemic area. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0196064403008254 doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2003.08.002 id: cord-237721-rhcvsqtk author: Welch, Charles title: Expressive Interviewing: A Conversational System for Coping with COVID-19 date: 2020-07-07 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns for many regarding personal and public health implications, financial security and economic stability. Alongside many other unprecedented challenges, there are increasing concerns over social isolation and mental health. We introduce textit{Expressive Interviewing}--an interview-style conversational system that draws on ideas from motivational interviewing and expressive writing. Expressive Interviewing seeks to encourage users to express their thoughts and feelings through writing by asking them questions about how COVID-19 has impacted their lives. We present relevant aspects of the system's design and implementation as well as quantitative and qualitative analyses of user interactions with the system. In addition, we conduct a comparative evaluation with a general purpose dialogue system for mental health that shows our system potential in helping users to cope with COVID-19 issues. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2007.03819v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-262719-onjxtixk author: Williams, Richard A. title: User Experiences using FLAME: A Case Study Modelling Conflict in Large Enterprise System Implementations date: 2020-09-19 words: 11055.0 sentences: 350.0 pages: flesch: 33.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262719-onjxtixk.txt summary: In addition, we discuss a number of significant constraints of FLAME due to the underlying architecture, such as: issues when setting the Pseudo-Random Number Generator seed value; the inability to send messages between simulation time-steps; the inability to use global mutable parameters; performance challenges due to the I/O rate-limiting characteristics and the need for significant fast storage allocation to accommodate realistic simulations of social systems. The cause for this relates to the underlying design principles of FLAME, with its conceptual architecture being based 640 on communicating stream X-Machines, which require the generation of individual XML files for each simulation time-step (these XML files contain parameter values and states for every X-Machine agent that is instantiated). abstract: The complexity of systems now under consideration (be they biological, physical, chemical, social, etc), together with the technicalities of experimentation in the real-world and the non-linear nature of system dynamics, means that computational modelling is indispensible in the pursuit of furthering our understanding of complex systems. Agent-based modelling and simulation is rapidly increasing in its popularity, in part due to the increased appreciation of the paradigm by the non-computer science community, but also due to the increase in the usability, sophistication and number of modelling frameworks that use the approach. The Flexible Large-scale Agent-based Modelling Environment (FLAME) is a relatively recent addition to the list. FLAME was designed and developed from the outset to deal with massive simulations, and to ensure that the simulation code is portable across different scales of computing and across different operating systems. In this study, we report our experiences when using FLAME to model the development and propagation of conflict within large multi-partner enterprise system implementations, which acts as an example of a complex dynamical social system. We believe FLAME is an excellent choice for experienced modellers, who will be able to fully harness the capabilities that it has to offer, and also be competent in diagnosing and solving any limitations that are encountered. Conversely, because FLAME requires considerable development of instrumentation tools, along with development of statistical analysis scripts, we believe that it is not suitable for the novice modeller, who may be better suited to using a graphical user interface driven framework until their experience with modelling and competence in programming increases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32982617/ doi: 10.1016/j.simpat.2020.102196 id: cord-212813-yrca1hij author: Winkelmann, Ricarda title: Social tipping processes for sustainability: An analytical framework date: 2020-10-09 words: 10065.0 sentences: 450.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt txt: ./txt/cord-212813-yrca1hij.txt summary: In particular, we identify human agency, social-institutional network structures, different spatial and temporal scales and increased complexity as key distinctive features underlying social tipping processes. Following these distinctions, we present a definitional framework for identifying social tipping processes for sustainability, where under critical conditions, a small perturbation can induce non-linear systemic change, driven by positive feedback mechanisms and cascading network effects. We adopt this framework to understand potential social tipping dynamics in the European political system, where the FridaysForFuture movement (16) pushes the system towards criticality, generating the conditions for shifting climate policy regimes into a qualitatively different state. Accordingly, the European political system could constitute a potential ''social tipping element'', where as it nears critical conditions, a small change to the system or its broader environment could lead to large-scale macroscopic changes, affected by cascading network dynamics and positive feedback mechanisms. abstract: Societal transformations are necessary to address critical global challenges, such as mitigation of anthropogenic climate change and reaching UN sustainable development goals. Recently, social tipping processes have received increased attention, as they present a form of social change whereby a small change can shift a sensitive social system into a qualitatively different state due to strongly self-amplifying (mathematically positive) feedback mechanisms. Social tipping processes have been suggested as key drivers of sustainability transitions emerging in the fields of technological and energy systems, political mobilization, financial markets and sociocultural norms and behaviors. Drawing from expert elicitation and comprehensive literature review, we develop a framework to identify and characterize social tipping processes critical to facilitating rapid social transformations. We find that social tipping processes are distinguishable from those of already more widely studied climate and ecological tipping dynamics. In particular, we identify human agency, social-institutional network structures, different spatial and temporal scales and increased complexity as key distinctive features underlying social tipping processes. Building on these characteristics, we propose a formal definition for social tipping processes and filtering criteria for those processes that could be decisive for future trajectories to global sustainability in the Anthropocene. We illustrate this definition with the European political system as an example of potential social tipping processes, highlighting the potential role of the FridaysForFuture movement. Accordingly, this analytical framework for social tipping processes can be utilized to illuminate mechanisms for necessary transformative climate change mitigation policies and actions. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.04488v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-336599-r8xgnz87 author: Yaacoub, Jean-Paul A. title: Cyber-Physical Systems Security: Limitations, Issues and Future Trends date: 2020-07-08 words: 22485.0 sentences: 1405.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336599-r8xgnz87.txt summary: However, none of the existing works presented a comprehensive view of CPS security in terms of threats, vulnerabilities, and attacks based on the targeted domain (cyber, physical, or hybrid). • Jamming: In this case, attackers usually aim at changing the device''s state and the expected operations to cause Sold with PLC-like features Digital computers designed for output arrangements and multiple inputs Electronic device controlled by a microprocessor Automates electro-mechanical processes Interfaces SCADA physical objects Physical media with process, relays, motion control and networking Uses supervisory system messages to control objects Does support control loops and algorithms Does not support control loops and algorithms Immune to electrical noise, resistant to vibration Low to null immunity against electrical noise and vibration Suitable for local geographical areas Suitable for wider geographical telemetry areas Mainly IEC Standards Wired/Wireless Communications damage by launching waves of de-authentication or wireless jamming signals, which would result into denial of device and system services [73] . abstract: Typically, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) involve various interconnected systems, which can monitor and manipulate real objects and processes. They are closely related to Internet of Things (IoT) systems, except that CPS focuses on the interaction between physical, networking and computation processes. Their integration with IoT led to a new CPS aspect, the Internet of Cyber-Physical Things (IoCPT). The fast and significant evolution of CPS affects various aspects in people’s way of life and enables a wider range of services and applications including e-Health, smart homes, e-Commerce, etc. However, interconnecting the cyber and physical worlds gives rise to new dangerous security challenges. Consequently, CPS security has attracted the attention of both researchers and industries. This paper surveys the main aspects of CPS and the corresponding applications, technologies, and standards. Moreover, CPS security vulnerabilities, threats and attacks are reviewed, while the key issues and challenges are identified. Additionally, the existing security measures are presented and analyzed while identifying their main limitations. Finally, several suggestions and recommendations are proposed benefiting from the lessons learned throughout this comprehensive review. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141933120303689?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103201 id: cord-330503-w1m1ci4i author: Yamin, Mohammad title: IT applications in healthcare management: a survey date: 2018-05-31 words: 3267.0 sentences: 200.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330503-w1m1ci4i.txt summary: Advance data transfer and management techniques have made improvements in disease diagnostic and have been a critical role in national health planning and efficient record keeping. In particular, the medical profession has undergone substantial changes through the capabilities of database management, which has given rise to the Healthcare Information Systems (HIS). According to [1] , many programs are developed with the help of AI to perform specific tasks which make use of many activities including medical diagnostic, time sharing, interactive interpreters, graphical user interfaces and the computer mouse, rapid development environments, the linked listdata structure, automatic storage management, symbolic, functional, dynamic, and object-oriented programming. Thus the first phase of the usage of information technology and systems in hospital and healthcare management was to transform paper based records to database systems. AI, Robots, VR, AR, MR, IoMT, ubiquitous medical services, and big data analytics are all directly or indirectly related to IT. Medical internet of things and big data in healthcare abstract: Healthcare management is currently undergoing substantial changes, and reshaping our perception of the medical field. One spectrum is that of the considerable changes that we see in surgical machines and equipment, and the way the procedures are performed. Computing power, Internet and associated technologies are transforming surgical operations into model based procedures. The other spectrum is the management side of healthcare, which is equally critical to the medical profession. In particular, recent advances in the field of Information Technology (IT) is assisting in better management of health appointments and record management. With the proliferation of IT and management, data is now playing a vital role in diagnostics, drug administration and management of healthcare services. With the advancement in data processing, large amounts of medical data collected by medical centres and providers, can now be mined and analysed to assist in planning and making appropriate decisions. In this article, we shall provide an overview of the role of IT that have been reshaping the healthcare management, hospital, health profession and industry. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32289102/ doi: 10.1007/s41870-018-0203-3 id: cord-018336-6fh69mk4 author: Yasnoff, William A. title: Public Health Informatics and the Health Information Infrastructure date: 2006 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: What are the three core functions of public health, and how do they help shape the different foci of public health and medicine? What are the current and potential effects of a) the genomics revolution; and b) 9/11 on public health informatics? What were the political, organizational, epidemiological, and technical issues that influenced the development of immunization registries? How do registries promote public health, and how can this model be expanded to other domains (be specific about those domains) ? How might it fail in others?Why? What is the vision and purpose of the National Health Information Infrastructure? What kinds of impacts will it have, and in what time periods? Why don’t we have one already? What are the political and technical barriers to its implementation? What are the characteristics of any evaluation process that would be used to judge demonstration projects? url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123186/ doi: 10.1007/0-387-36278-9_15 id: cord-290139-b02eghd4 author: Yen, Tseng-Chang title: Reliability-based measure of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns under the F-Policy date: 2020-10-06 words: 4156.0 sentences: 268.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-290139-b02eghd4.txt summary: title: Reliability-based measure of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns under the F-Policy We study reliability and sensitivity analysis of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns operating under the F-policy. The F-policy studies the most common issue of controlling arrival to a queueing problem and it requires startup time before allowing failed machines to enter the orbit. In this paper, we consider a retrial machine repair problem (RMRP) with working breakdowns that combines F-policy and exponentially startup time before allowing failed machines to enter the retrial system. Chen (2018) proposed reliability analysis of retrial machine repair system with working breakdowns and a single repair server with recovery policy. Reliability analysis of a retrial machine repair problem with warm standbys and a single server with N-policy System reliability analysis of retrial machine repair systems with warm standbys and a single server of working breakdown and recovery policy abstract: We study reliability and sensitivity analysis of a retrial machine repair problem with working breakdowns operating under the F-policy. The F-policy studies the most common issue of controlling arrival to a queueing problem and it requires startup time before allowing failed machines to enter the orbit. The server is subject to working breakdowns only when there is at least one failed machine in the system. When the server is busy it works at a fast rate, but when it is subject to working breakdowns, it works at a slow rate. Failure and repair times of the server are exponentially distributed. The Laplace transform technique is utilized to develop two system performance measures such as system reliability and mean time to system failure (MTTF). Extensive numerical results are carried out to reveal how performance measures are affected by changing various values of each system parameter. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0360835220305763 doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2020.106885 id: cord-017621-pyn1enz2 author: Zaras, Nikolaos V. title: Case Study – Greece date: 2012-08-31 words: 2151.0 sentences: 120.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017621-pyn1enz2.txt summary: The system of mandatory reporting of diseases represents the basis of epidemiologic monitoring in most countries; usually it is supplemented by more specialized systems, networks or studies with speci fi c objectives. Speci fi c (for the system of mandatory reporting of diseases) -detection of spo-• radic cases; Detection of epidemic cases Generic (for every system of epidemiologic monitoring) -estimation of reperThe reporting process can start from the clinical or laboratory doctor or the hospital''s infectious diseases nurse but has to be sent immediately (by fax) to the Regional Health Directorates and CDCP. 2003: "Regulations applied for regional systems of health and providence", Art. 44, Law 3204/23-12-2003: CDCP -each private or public medical institution or individual doctor, operating legally, is obliged to inform CDCP of each case of pestiferous disease that comes to his/her attention. abstract: Biological terrorism and the need for biological defence is a relatively new concept for Greece. Although defence against weaponized pathogens was part of CBRN training in the military, it was the 9/11 massacre followed by the anthrax letters horror that triggered a more active involvement of the Greek public health sector. In that historical moment a third bullet was added to the already existing disease outbreak classification – naturally, accidental and now deliberate. These incidents and the subsequent 2004 Olympic Games in Athens drove the Greek government to focus on biodefence and revise existing civil emergency planning by inclusion of new emerging threats. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122229/ doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-5273-3_11 id: cord-255036-vpw40g40 author: Zhang, L.Z. title: Thermodynamic modeling of a novel air dehumidification system date: 2004-08-14 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: A novel air dehumidification system is proposed. The proposed system incorporates a membrane-based total heat exchanger into a mechanical air dehumidification system, where the fresh air flows through the enthalpy exchanger, the evaporator and the condenser subsequently. Thermodynamic model for the performance estimation of the combined system is investigated. Processes of the fresh air and the refrigerant are studied. Two additional specific programs are devised to calculate the psychrometrics and the thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant R134a. Annual energy requirement is 4.15 × 10(6) kJ per person, or 33% saving from a system without energy saving measures. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0378778804002002 doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.06.019 id: cord-323973-wszo9s3d author: Zhu, Hanliang title: The vision of point-of-care PCR tests for the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond date: 2020-07-20 words: 9784.0 sentences: 493.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323973-wszo9s3d.txt summary: [9] The analysis of larger volumes of biological fluids with a low viral load is likely to reduce the risk of false-negative results, but microfluidic point-of-care (POC) devices are typically unable to handle mL-scale volumes in a short time due to the requirement of slow flow rates. [15] The PCR test on samples prepared from blood and urine specimens is capable of detecting the virus in the early stages of the disease, resulting in early diagnosis and subsequent isolation of infected patients to block transmission. The total reaction time depends on a series of parameters, such as the chip size, the PCR master mix volume determining the value of C, the thermal conductivity of the substrate (G), and the temperature cycling rate. A number of fully integrated systems have so far been developed, starting with the non-portable GenExpert from Cepheid, which was first utilized for anthrax detection by the United States Postal Service, [64] and then with different primers to perform HIV and tuberculosis diagnostics in South Africa. abstract: Infectious diseases, such as the most recent case of COVID-19, have brought the prospect of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tests into the spotlight. A rapid, accurate, low-cost, and easy-to-use test in the field could stop epidemics before they develop into full-blown pandemics. Unfortunately, despite all the advances, it still does not exist. Here, we critically review the limited number of prototypes demonstrated to date that is based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and has come close to fulfilling this vision. We summarize the requirements for the POC-PCR tests and then go on to discuss the PCR product-detection methods, the integration of their functional components, the potential applications, and other practical issues related to the implementation of lab-on-a-chip technologies. We conclude our review with a discussion of the latest findings on nucleic acid-based diagnosis. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165993620302132 doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115984 id: cord-353241-ityhcak7 author: Zhu, Hanliang title: IoT PCR for pandemic disease detection and its spread monitoring date: 2020-01-15 words: 4300.0 sentences: 208.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353241-ityhcak7.txt summary: Considerable effort has been invested in the development of portable, user-friendly, and cost-effective systems for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, which could also create an Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare via a global network. Connecting the easy to use and cost-effective POC devices providing the DENV diagnoses via a mobile network would create an Internet of Things (IoT) [15] for healthcare [16, 17] , an essential tool to tackle any infectious disease outbreak. Prior to testing on an IoT PCR device, we verified the master mix performance and its values of critical threshold (C T ) and the melting temperature (T M ) using a commercial real-time PCR system (Supplementary Section A) beginning with a hot start at 95°C for 30 s followed by 40 cycles of PCR amplification consisting of DNA denaturation at 95°C for 8 s, primer annealing at 60°C for 30 s, and DNA sequence elongation at 72°C for 10 s, then followed by melting curve analysis (MCA) from 72°C to 95°C. abstract: During infectious disease outbreaks, the centers for disease control need to monitor particular areas. Considerable effort has been invested in the development of portable, user-friendly, and cost-effective systems for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, which could also create an Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare via a global network. However, at present IoT based on a functional POC instrument is not available. Here we show a fast, user-friendly, and affordable IoT system based on a miniaturized polymerase chain reaction device. We demonstrated the system’s capability by amplification of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) of the dengue fever virus. The resulting data were then automatically uploaded via a Bluetooth interface to an Android-based smartphone and then wirelessly sent to a global network, instantly making the test results available anywhere in the world. The IoT system presented here could become an essential tool for healthcare centers to tackle infectious disease outbreaks identified either by DNA or ribonucleic acid. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925400519312973 doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2019.127098 id: cord-031232-6cv8n2bf author: de Weck, Olivier title: Handling the COVID‐19 crisis: Toward an agile model‐based systems approach date: 2020-08-27 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has caught many nations by surprise and has already caused millions of infections and hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. It has also exposed a deep crisis in modeling and exposed a lack of systems thinking by focusing mainly on only the short term and thinking of this event as only a health crisis. In this paper, authors from several of the key countries involved in COVID‐19 propose a holistic systems model that views the problem from a perspective of human society including the natural environment, human population, health system, and economic system. We model the crisis theoretically as a feedback control problem with delay, and partial controllability and observability. Using a quantitative model of the human population allows us to test different assumptions such as detection threshold, delay to take action, fraction of the population infected, effectiveness and length of confinement strategies, and impact of earlier lifting of social distancing restrictions. Each conceptual scenario is subject to 1000+ Monte‐Carlo simulations and yields both expected and surprising results. For example, we demonstrate through computational experiments that maintaining strict confinement policies for longer than 60 days may indeed be able to suppress lethality below 1% and yield the best health outcomes, but cause economic damages due to lost work that could turn out to be counterproductive in the long term. We conclude by proposing a hierarchical Computerized, Command, Control, and Communications (C4) information system and enterprise architecture for COVID‐19 with real‐time measurements and control actions taken at each level. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7461451/ doi: 10.1002/sys.21557 id: cord-004584-bcw90f5b author: nan title: Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary date: 2011-08-06 words: 106850.0 sentences: 5038.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt summary: Our goals are two-fold: (1) to monitor conformational changes in each domain upon its binding to specific ligands and then to correlate the observed changes with structural differences between the CRDs and (2) to investigate the interaction between the CRDs and lipid model membranes. Cholesterol-assisted lipid and protein interactions such as the integration into lipid nanodomains are considered to play a functional part in a whole range of membrane-associated processes, but their direct and non-invasive observation in living cells is impeded by the resolution limit of [200nm of a conventional far-field optical microscope. Therefore, to investigate the dynamic and complex membrane lateral organization in living cells, we have developed an original approach based on molecule diffusion measurements performed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy at different spatial scales (spot variable FCS, svFCS) (1). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080017/ doi: 10.1007/s00249-011-0734-z id: cord-008777-i2reanan author: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 words: 151383.0 sentences: 7577.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt txt: ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt summary: Mollerup Department of Chemical Engineering, Building 229, DTU, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark A variety of factors that govern the properties of proteins are utilized in the development of chromatographic processes for the recovery of biological products including the binding and release of protons, the non-covalent association with non-polar groups (often hydrophobic interactions), the association of small ions (ion exchange) and the highly specific antigen-antibody interaction (affinity interactions). Such fermenters will be needed in order to meet the increasing pressure on costs for low price commodity type products such as single cell protein or food and technical grade enzymes, and to meet the demands of the new wave of white biotech, in which bio-produced chemicals must be made at prices competitive with those of the traditional chemical industry. The presentation will focus on use of the sensitive sandwich hybridization technology for the quantitative analysis of process relevant marker genes in different kind of microbial cell cultures with a focus on the production of recombinant proteins. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134330/ doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.005 id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 words: 230193.0 sentences: 13234.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt summary: Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/ doi: 10.1111/trf.14286 id: cord-021081-yqu1ykc9 author: nan title: Early Warning Systems A State of the Art Analysis and Future Directions date: 2012-11-02 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7148997/ doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2012.09.004 id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130043.0 sentences: 7330.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169255/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00652.x id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130046.0 sentences: 7333.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169300/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00654.x id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130049.0 sentences: 7334.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169338/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00651.x id: cord-356062-7q5n4t97 author: nan title: Cumulative pharmacological activity index volumes 1-30 date: 2005-12-31 words: 6346.0 sentences: 501.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt txt: ./txt/cord-356062-7q5n4t97.txt summary: abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter lists the important subjects on pharmacological activity that are discussed in the publication Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, Volumes 1–30, such as abdominal constriction test, acanthoic acid, acetaminophen, Parkinson's disease, photodynamic activity, prostaglandins, and oleanolic acid. The terms are mentioned along with the page numbers in which they are discussed in the publication. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1572599505801012 doi: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80101-2 id: cord-103435-yufvt44t author: van Aalst, Marvin title: Constructing and analysing dynamic models with modelbase v1.0 - a software update date: 2020-10-02 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Background Computational mathematical models of biological and biomedical systems have been successfully applied to advance our understanding of various regulatory processes, metabolic fluxes, effects of drug therapies and disease evolution or transmission. Unfortunately, despite community efforts leading to the development of SBML or the BioModels database, many published models have not been fully exploited, largely due to lack of proper documentation or the dependence on proprietary software. To facilitate synergies within the emerging research fields of systems biology and medicine by reusing and further developing existing models, an open-source toolbox that makes the overall process of model construction more consistent, understandable, transparent and reproducible is desired. Results and Discussion We provide here the update on the development of modelbase, a free expandable Python package for constructing and analysing ordinary differential equation-based mathematical models of dynamic systems. It provides intuitive and unified methods to construct and solve these systems. Significantly expanded visualisation methods allow convenient analyses of structural and dynamic properties of the models. Specifying reaction stoichiometries and rate equations, the system of differential equations is assembled automatically. A newly provided library of common kinetic rate laws highly reduces the repetitiveness of the computer programming code, and provides full SBML compatibility. Previous versions provided functions for automatic construction of networks for isotope labelling studies. Using user-provided label maps, modelbase v1.0 streamlines the expansion of classic models to their isotope-specific versions. Finally, the library of previously published models implemented in modelbase is continuously growing. Ranging from photosynthesis over tumour cell growth to viral infection evolution, all models are available now in a transparent, reusable and unified format using modelbase. Conclusion With the small price of learning a new software package, which is written in Python, currently one of the most popular programming languages, the user can develop new models and actively profit from the work of others, repeating and reproducing models in a consistent, tractable and expandable manner. Moreover, the expansion of models to their label specific versions enables simulating label propagation, thus providing quantitative information regarding network topology and metabolic fluxes. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.30.321380 doi: 10.1101/2020.09.30.321380 id: cord-007708-hr4smx24 author: van Kampen, Antoine H. C. title: Taking Bioinformatics to Systems Medicine date: 2015-08-13 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Systems medicine promotes a range of approaches and strategies to study human health and disease at a systems level with the aim of improving the overall well-being of (healthy) individuals, and preventing, diagnosing, or curing disease. In this chapter we discuss how bioinformatics critically contributes to systems medicine. First, we explain the role of bioinformatics in the management and analysis of data. In particular we show the importance of publicly available biological and clinical repositories to support systems medicine studies. Second, we discuss how the integration and analysis of multiple types of omics data through integrative bioinformatics may facilitate the determination of more predictive and robust disease signatures, lead to a better understanding of (patho)physiological molecular mechanisms, and facilitate personalized medicine. Third, we focus on network analysis and discuss how gene networks can be constructed from omics data and how these networks can be decomposed into smaller modules. We discuss how the resulting modules can be used to generate experimentally testable hypotheses, provide insight into disease mechanisms, and lead to predictive models. Throughout, we provide several examples demonstrating how bioinformatics contributes to systems medicine and discuss future challenges in bioinformatics that need to be addressed to enable the advancement of systems medicine. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120931/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3283-2_2 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel