Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 29 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4872 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29 TCM 14 chinese 10 COVID-19 7 China 3 SARS 2 medicine 2 effect 2 Tang 1 western 1 virus 1 trial 1 target 1 syndrome 1 pneumonia 1 patient 1 network 1 moxibustion 1 microbiome 1 liver 1 intestinal 1 influenza 1 gut 1 exacerbation 1 drug 1 disease 1 day 1 clinical 1 anti 1 acupuncture 1 Triphala 1 Toona 1 Taiwan 1 TNF 1 RIGHT 1 People 1 MXGST 1 MIP 1 Injection 1 IFN 1 H7N9 1 GGT 1 Fructus 1 FZHYC 1 CoV 1 Chloroquine 1 COV-2 1 COPD 1 ACE2 Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 904 medicine 755 treatment 654 disease 575 patient 537 effect 488 drug 480 study 327 % 294 infection 288 virus 265 syndrome 260 coronavirus 253 cell 252 activity 250 trial 245 herb 227 analysis 224 formula 222 research 222 compound 215 therapy 202 case 196 guideline 188 target 188 network 181 symptom 181 mechanism 173 system 165 blood 164 protein 164 health 161 day 160 development 158 group 156 pneumonia 152 review 149 datum 146 method 146 influenza 141 lung 138 extract 134 plant 132 microbiome 132 liver 128 model 122 result 118 product 118 hospital 115 prevention 114 g Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 1373 TCM 495 SARS 413 al 359 China 346 COVID-19 320 et 305 . 178 CoV 157 CoV-2 103 Medicine 103 Health 99 Chinese 77 COPD 76 Tang 68 Qi 67 Triphala 61 National 58 H7N9 51 Yin 51 People 48 B 47 Traditional 46 Republic 44 State 44 Radix 42 Taiwan 42 NP 41 Yang 39 World 39 Coronavirus 39 Commission 39 Chloroquine 38 Wuhan 38 IC 36 Shanghai 36 Huang 36 A 35 Gan 35 Administration 34 Study 34 Ma 34 L. 33 IFN 33 HCoV 32 Organization 31 Table 31 Shi 31 San 31 RIGHT 31 MERS Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 367 it 134 we 128 they 49 them 14 i 13 he 9 itself 8 she 7 themselves 6 us 6 one 2 you 1 ǎo 1 mine 1 him 1 herself Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 4022 be 874 have 520 use 308 include 280 treat 235 base 208 show 175 inhibit 149 report 138 develop 134 find 131 improve 128 induce 125 reduce 119 provide 114 accord 112 increase 102 cause 93 recommend 92 control 92 contain 91 infect 88 relate 87 identify 84 combine 83 associate 80 prevent 80 follow 75 make 74 do 72 decrease 71 compare 69 evaluate 68 confirm 67 take 66 promote 65 lead 62 publish 62 play 61 study 60 bind 57 understand 57 conduct 55 integrate 54 involve 52 screen 51 give 50 regulate 49 suggest 49 consider Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 707 chinese 458 clinical 429 traditional 370 - 298 also 271 herbal 233 not 221 anti 205 more 196 acute 187 such 187 active 184 western 183 new 181 human 179 respiratory 171 other 159 different 157 effective 152 novel 150 severe 147 antiviral 142 high 136 well 129 inflammatory 127 most 125 therapeutic 125 medical 123 natural 121 only 116 molecular 116 common 114 however 113 many 107 potential 104 first 99 specific 98 viral 98 therefore 94 medicinal 94 important 93 chronic 89 as 88 oral 87 further 79 intestinal 78 low 74 covid-19 72 several 71 multiple Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 most 14 Most 12 large 10 good 7 late 5 least 5 great 3 low 3 high 3 early 2 old 2 near 2 close 1 strong 1 long 1 cold Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 80 most 9 least 1 well 1 early Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 www.tkdl.res.in 1 www.theplantlist.org 1 www.rilintech.comt 1 www.metahit.eu 1 www.medresman.org 1 www.medresman 1 www.ipni.org 1 www.cnki.net 1 www 1 pubmed.ncbi 1 en.wfas.org.cn 1 dx.doi.org 1 doi.org Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 1 http://www.tkdl.res.in 1 http://www.theplantlist.org 1 http://www.rilintech.comt 1 http://www.metahit.eu/ 1 http://www.medresman.org 1 http://www.medresman 1 http://www.ipni.org 1 http://www.cnki.net 1 http://www 1 http://pubmed.ncbi 1 http://en.wfas.org.cn/news/detail.html?nid=5373&cid=25 1 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2014.06.003 1 http://doi.org/10 Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 jcim@163.com Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 case report form 3 medicine is also 3 study did not 3 tcm is not 3 tcm is still 3 tcm is widely 2 analysis was not 2 drugs are increasingly 2 drugs have not 2 formulas are very 2 guidelines are well 2 guidelines is constantly 2 medicine is not 2 patients were also 2 studies have already 2 syndrome is not 2 tcm did not 2 tcm does not 2 tcm has also 2 tcm is also 2 tcm is more 2 tcm is well 2 tcm was first 2 treatment is more 2 treatment was not 1 % had acute 1 % had influenza 1 % used jie 1 % were women 1 . were closely 1 activity are major 1 activity is important 1 activity using np 1 analyses including partial 1 analysis did not 1 analysis has various 1 analysis was per- 1 case report combination 1 case report date 1 case was not 1 cases are due 1 cases developed dyspnea 1 cases reported worldwide 1 cases was closely 1 cases were further 1 cells are susceptible 1 cells have also 1 cells is ace2 1 cells using cdna 1 cells were likely Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 medicine is not only 1 disease is not properly 1 diseases does not necessarily 1 drugs had not yet 1 drugs have not yet 1 infection are not available 1 medicines are not fully 1 patients had no change 1 study showed no statistically 1 syndrome is not exactly 1 syndrome is not only 1 tcm are not only 1 tcm is not only 1 tcm is not well 1 trials were not adequately A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-273941-gu6nnv9d author = Chandran, Uma title = Chapter 5 Network Pharmacology date = 2017-12-31 keywords = TCM; Triphala; chinese; disease; drug; network; target summary = This is referred to as "polypharmacology." The concept of network biology was used to integrate data from DrugBank (Re and Valentini, 2013) and OMIM (Hamosh et al., 2005) , an online catalog of human genes and genetic disorders to understand the industry trends, the properties of drug targets, and to study how drug targets are related to disease-gene products. NP coupled to sophisticated spectroscopical analysis such as ultra-performance liquid chromatographyÀelectrospray, ionizationÀtandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) is a useful approach to study the absolute molecular mechanism of action of botanical formulations based on their constituent bioactives (Xu et al., 2014a) . A network pharmacology approach to understanding the mechanisms of action of traditional medicine: bushenhuoxue formula for treatment of chronic kidney disease A network-based analysis of the types of coronary artery disease from traditional Chinese medicine perspective: potential for therapeutics and drug discovery doi = 10.1016/b978-0-12-801814-9.00005-2 id = cord-296195-m2wwlvgx author = Chen, Chung-Jen title = Toona sinensis Roem tender leaf extract inhibits SARS coronavirus replication date = 2008-10-30 keywords = SARS; TCM; Toona summary = RESULTS: Only TSL-1, the extract from tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem was found to have an evident effect against SARS-CoV with selectivity index 12∼17. In the third study, five TCM formulae included Yin-Chiau-San, Pu-Zhi-Siau-Du-Yien, Ger-Gern-Hwang-Lein, Sang-Zhiu-Yien and Huang-Lein-Zhei-Du-Tang as well as Toona sinensis Roem tender leaf extract TSL-1 and TSL-1nm were tested against SARS-CoV. Much different from a lot of previously identified components or drugs against SARS-CoV, the tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem has been used as a popular vegetable by Chinese people in both mainland China and Taiwan with high level of safety. To our knowledge, this is the first report to show extract from the tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem against SARS-CoV. In conclusion, this paper reports for the first time that extract from a vegetable, the tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem, can inhibit SARS-CoV in vitro. In conclusion, this paper reports for the first time that extract from a vegetable, the tender leaf of Toona sinensis Roem, can inhibit SARS-CoV in vitro. doi = 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.048 id = cord-259731-kiccsa89 author = Chen, Wei-Chieh title = Adjuvant therapy with traditional Chinese medicine in a heart failure patient complicated by hospital-acquired pneumonia: A case report date = 2019-02-27 keywords = TCM; anti; pneumonia summary = title: Adjuvant therapy with traditional Chinese medicine in a heart failure patient complicated by hospital-acquired pneumonia: A case report OBJECTIVE: We report a case of congestive heart failure complicated by hospital-acquired pneumonia that was successfully treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and antibiotics. Broad spectrum antibiotics did not relieve the fever or the purulent sputum; therefore, the patient requested TCM for integrated therapy, and was subsequently treated with a regiment of "clearing heat and damp excreting" decoction according to TCM theory. CONCLUSION: Integrated therapy with a "clearing heat and damp excreting" decoction may have improved hospital-acquired pneumonia in a patient comorbid with congestive heart failure. We report a HAP patient comorbid with CHF who experienced rapid and significant improvement in symptoms and image findings following treatment with TCM adjuvant therapy. Because the bacterial cultures from sputum and blood were all negative, we believe that the antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antitussive effects of the TCM regiment acted against the persistent inflammation in this patient. doi = 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.01.008 id = cord-001078-5m29nugu author = Chen, Xiaorong title = Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Outcomes of Patients Infected with a Novel Influenza A (H7N9) Virus: A Preliminary Study date = 2013-09-17 keywords = H7N9; TCM; patient summary = title: Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Outcomes of Patients Infected with a Novel Influenza A (H7N9) Virus: A Preliminary Study OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to analyze clinical features and factors associated with treatment outcomes of H7N9 influenza A virus infection. Factors analyzed for possible correlation with clinical features and treatment outcomes in patients included 1) baseline characteristics of patients, such as age, sex, occupation, underlying conditions, exposure to poultry and/or wild birds in the past seven days, date of symptom onset and hospital admission, date of specimen collection, and date of positive diagnosis; 2) results from laboratory tests and imaging examinations; 3) treatment regimen including basic supporting therapy, antibiotic therapy, antiviral therapy, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy, and other therapies if applicable; and 4) current condition of patients including the length of stay in the hospital. doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0073362 id = cord-274141-vujx538o author = Chinsembu, Kazhila C. title = Coronaviruses and Nature’s Pharmacy for the Relief of Coronavirus Disease 2019 date = 2020-10-06 keywords = COVID-19; CoV; SARS; TCM summary = De Clercq (2005 suggested that it was feasible to develop SARS-CoV fusion inhibitors analogous to enfuvirtide, a linear 36-amino acid synthetic peptide marketed under the trade name Fuzeon, an approved anti-HIV drug that inhibits the entry of the virus into cells. It was hypothesized that specific flavonoids, such as quercetin, hesperetin, and myricetin (7) and their glycosylated derivatives, may play an effective role in inhibiting SARS-CoV entry into host cells, specifically by binding with high affinity to the spike protein, helicase, and protease sites on the ACE receptor (Ngwa et al. Although the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic should remind scientists that current options for treating life-threatening zoonotic coronavirus infections are very limited , medicinal plants offer a strong pipeline for the discovery of novel lead compounds that can be converted into new drugs to treat COVID-19. doi = 10.1007/s43450-020-00104-7 id = cord-256838-8rzibpbl author = Eng, Yi Shin title = Unraveling the Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Formulas Against Acute Airway Viral Infections as Examples date = 2019-09-27 keywords = GGT; IFN; MXGST; TCM; TNF; Tang; effect summary = There are still issues regarding the conflicting pharmacologic effects, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, adverse and clinical effects of herbal medicine and TCM. Several factors may affect the molecular mechanisms and subsequent clinical effects of TCM formulas, including individual gene-based response, composition and amount of active molecules in TCM formulas, complex interactions, and appropriateness of use of TCM formulas. From the viewpoint of pathophysiology, TCM formulas used to manage airway viral infections need to have antiviral activity against such viruses listed above, and/or to induce antiviral cytokines, and/or anti-inflammatory effect, and/or to relieve symptoms commonly presented in airway infections ( Figure 1 ). To simplify the molecular mechanisms and to correlate the pharmacologic activities with their clinical effects, five formulas of A-physicians will be used as examples against airway infections: Several health benefits of herbal medicine and TCM are claimed; for example, herbs and TCM formulas, including those discussed above, are believed to have anti-oxidative activities helpful against several diseases. doi = 10.3390/molecules24193505 id = cord-277970-sb1wjd3b author = Kang, Qianli title = Screening for Anti-Influenza Actives of Prefractionated Traditional Chinese Medicines date = 2020-10-14 keywords = TCM; influenza; virus summary = It''s therefore of great value to discover novel antivirals from TCMs. In this paper, One hundred medicinal plants which have been included in TCM prescriptions for antiviral treatment were selected and prefractionated into 5 fractions each by sequentially using cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. As a result, ten TCM fractions were identified to have antiviral potency against IAV, deserving further analysis for novel anti-influenza lead drugs. To this end, 100 medicinal plants which have been recorded as antiviral formula compositions were fractionated with cyclohexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water sequentially, generating a library consisting of 500 prefractionated TCM extracts (Figure 1, Table S1 ). By using a HTS approach based on recombinant reporter influenza PR8-PB2-Gluc virus, the antiviral activity of each fraction against IAV was evaluated, and 10 simplified extracts were identified as anti-influenza actives ( Figure 3 ). doi = 10.1155/2020/4979850 id = cord-031315-p7jb4gf2 author = Kong, Qing title = Efficacy and safety of Jia Wei Bushen Yiqi formulas as an adjunct therapy to systemic glucocorticoids on acute exacerbation of COPD: study protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, multi-center, placebo-controlled clinical trial date = 2020-09-03 keywords = COPD; China; TCM; day; exacerbation; trial summary = title: Efficacy and safety of Jia Wei Bushen Yiqi formulas as an adjunct therapy to systemic glucocorticoids on acute exacerbation of COPD: study protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, multi-center, placebo-controlled clinical trial The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Jia Wei Bushen Yiqi (JWBY) formulas in patients who suffer from COPD exacerbations and to investigate whether the short-term (5-days) systemic glucocorticoid therapy is non-inferior to the long-term (9-day) regime. On one hand, a dose of 40 mg prednisone (a common oral systemic glucocorticoid) daily for 5 days has been recommended by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Science Committee Report based on the REDUCE randomized clinical trial since 2015 [24] . We conducted a randomized and placebo-controlled trial enrolling stable COPD patients in 2014, which illustrated that TCM formulas called Bushen Yiqi (BY) formulas can improve the lung function, reduce the frequency of acute exacerbation of COPD, and modulate the HPA axis [35] . doi = 10.1186/s13063-020-04669-5 id = cord-282699-tuas2tgd author = LIU, Wei-hong title = Understanding of guidance for acupuncture and moxibustion interventions on COVID-19 (Second edition) issued by CAAM date = 2020-03-17 keywords = COVID-19; China; TCM; moxibustion summary = To better apply "non-pharmaceutic measures"—the external technique of traditional Chinese medicine, in the article, the main content of Guidance for acupuncture and moxibustion interventions on COVID-19 (Second edition) issued by China Association of Acupuncture–Moxibution is introduced and the discussion is stressed on the selection of moxibustion device and the duration of its exertion. In response to the Chinese government''s call upon the solidarity in the fight against COVID-19 and to better apply the external techniques of TCM to the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of COVID-19, China Association of Acupuncture-Moxibustion (CAAM) developed and issued Guidance for acupuncture and moxibustion intervention on COVID-19 (Second edition) (hereinafter Guidance ) [7] . The main content of Guidance is introduced as follows to assist in the effective application of TCM techniques, e.g. acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of COVID-19. doi = 10.1016/j.wjam.2020.03.005 id = cord-291279-8rfx9qde author = Li, Zhuman title = Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine: Response Philosophy in Another Culture date = 2020-07-10 keywords = TCM; chinese summary = title: Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Treatment With Traditional Chinese Medicine: Response Philosophy in Another Culture More than 40,000 medical staffs including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctors from all over the country were called up to Wuhan, and other cities in Hubei provinces to treat patients 4 . According to a news release from the National Administration of TCM, the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medical treatment can achieve satisfactory results for resolution of symptoms of COVID-19 6 . Even COVID-19 is brand new emerging severe infectious disease caused by a brand new coronavirus and no specific drug is used to cure in modern medicine, TCM still has confidence to fight the epidemic. Traditional Chinese medicine contributes to the treatment of COVID-19 patients Analysis and thinking on traditional Chinese medicine in preventing and treating severe cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia Traditional Chinese medicine theory and clinical study on Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) infection doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00385 id = cord-297599-y4lu8m4k author = Luo, Hua title = Anti-COVID-19 drug screening: Frontier concepts and core technologies date = 2020-10-28 keywords = ACE2; COV-2; COVID-19; SARS; TCM; chinese summary = This paper thoroughly summarizes interdisciplinary notions and techniques, including disease model, biochip, network pharmacology, and molecular docking technology, etc., providing a reference for researchers in the screening of drugs for COVID-19 prevention and treatment. Some researchers are currently using mice as an animal model to test drugs and vaccines and to investigate the nature of the infection of SARS-CoV-2 [49] [50] [51] . In fact, in a study led by Qin Chuan on SARS, engineered mice that could express human ACE2 protein was successfully established, leading this Chinese team pioneered the establishment of a SARS-CoV-2 infected hACE2 transgenic mouse model [54] . For example, an effective and convenient novel mouse model in evaluating in vivo protective capacity of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines was developed through stitching the human gene for ACE2 into an adenovirus by Perlman et al. doi = 10.1186/s13020-020-00393-z id = cord-336753-4212ftlc author = Luo, Lu title = Analysis on herbal medicines utilized for treatment of COVID-19 date = 2020-05-27 keywords = COVID-19; TCM; chinese summary = As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a substantial global public health threat, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was used in 91.50% of the COVID-19 cases in China, showing encouraging results in improving symptom management and reducing the deterioration, mortality, and recurrence rates. While COVID-19 is now being effectively controlled within China, it is increasingly affecting other countries worldwide, most notably the U.S., Iran, and Italy since Feb 25, 2020 1 3 With a long history of combating epidemic diseases with relatively low mortality, TCM has accumulated a rich antiviral herb knowledgebase from clinical observation and pharmacological selection. There are mutual groupings within these core combinations of herbal pairs and chemical components, thus supporting that the herbs and formulae containing these properties may act as potential candidates for COVID-19 treatment ( Fig. 4B and Table S6 .2). A report on the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine 19 on empidemic encephalitis B-summary of TCM treatment group in 1956 doi = 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.05.007 id = cord-284833-g914vww5 author = Qiu, Tingting title = Chinese guidelines related to novel coronavirus pneumonia date = 2020-10-08 keywords = COVID-19; China; Chloroquine; TCM summary = A total of 15 guidelines focusing on pharmacological treatments for all COVID-19 cases were further investigated (Table 1) , including 3 national guidelines: the ''Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia'' released by the National Health Commission, the ''Guideline for the appropriate use of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)'' released by China Association of Chinese Medicine, and ''Notifications on the dosage adjustment of Chloroquine Phosphate'' released by National Health Commission. Twelve were provincial guidelines, including 4 focused on the diagnosis and treatment released in Beijing, Shanghai, Hubei province, Shandong province, and Guangdong province, 6 guidelines for the appropriate use of TCM in the treatment of COVID-19, and 2 guidelines provided recommendations specific to the optimal use of Chloroquine Phosphate. The new dosage adjustment of the Chloroquine Phosphate was included in the 7 th version of the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia and the Guangdong expert consensus. doi = 10.1080/20016689.2020.1818446 id = cord-304021-e0zj7apb author = Tang, Haitao title = SWOT analysis and revelation in traditional Chinese medicine internationalization date = 2018-01-25 keywords = China; TCM; chinese; western summary = In recent years, Europe, the US, Japan, South Korea and many other developed countries and regions have adopted modern research methods and techniques to increase the development of traditional botanical drugs, the screening and confirmation of active ingredients, the establishment of international advanced quality standards and the development of new formulations [43] . First, due to the equivalent access for World Trade Organization (WTO) members, China''s admission to the WTO gave it more opportunities to participate in international exchanges and cooperation, to promote the wider spread of Chinese medicinal culture, and to recommend TCM products with minimal side effects and high efficiency in treating both symptoms and causes of disease, which will establish a good foundation for popularizing TCM in the international community [25] . doi = 10.1186/s13020-018-0165-1 id = cord-282298-8tcw3cll author = Wang, Jie title = Current Situation and Perspectives of Clinical Study in Integrative Medicine in China date = 2012-02-21 keywords = TCM; chinese; clinical; medicine; syndrome summary = The clinical achievements mainly include the following three: innovating methodology of disease-syndrome combination, excavating the classical theory in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), preventing and curing refractory diseases. The development ideas and strategies of integrative medicine for future mainly include (a) standing on frontier field of international medicine and improving the capability of preventing and curing refractory diseases; (b) moving prevention and control strategy forward and improving the curative effect of common and frequent disease; (c) excavating the classical theory of TCM and broadening the treatment system of modern medicine; (d) improving the innovation level of new high effective drugs on the basis of classical prescriptions and herbs in TCM; (e) rerecognizing the theory of formula corresponding to syndrome in TCM and enhancing the level of clinical research evidence based on evidence-based medicine. doi = 10.1155/2012/268542 id = cord-340119-af8i359n author = Wang, Shi-xin title = Diagnosis and treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine date = 2020-04-15 keywords = COVID-19; TCM; chinese summary = Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is capable of performing syndrome differentiation and treatment according to the clinical manifestations of patients, and has a better ability of epidemic prevention and control. TCM characteristics, prevention and treatment of pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus in Hunan Province from the perspective of dampness, toxin and dryness Notice of Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on issuing the prevention and treatment plan for pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus in Beijing (trial second edition) Notice of Municipal Health Commission on issuing traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment plan for pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus in Tianjin (for trial implementation) Notice on issuing the prevention and treatment plan of traditional Chinese medicine for pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus in Gansu Province (trial second edition) Notice on issuing the diagnosis and treatment plan of traditional Chinese medicine for pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus in Hunan Province (trial second edition) doi = 10.1016/j.joim.2020.04.001 id = cord-279875-jxnszm5k author = Wang, Wan-Ying title = Contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the treatment of COVID-19 date = 2020-07-07 keywords = COVID-19; TCM summary = (Mahase, 2020) In China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is concurrently playing an important role in the treatment of COVID-19, integrated with modern imaging system, first-aid facility and ordinary chemical therapy. Each mobile cabin hospital is equipped with 2-3 TCM experts and a team of 12 national TCM masters are accompanied with severe patients in Wuhan.(Liu，Ruiche, 2020) Currently, the national treatment guidance of COVID-19 (7 th edition) (General Office of the National Health Commission, 2020) and more than 20 provinces and regions have released modified treatment guidance inclining TCM integration according to their geographical and weather conditions, which is an unique methodology in TCM therapy based on the perspective of harmonization between environment and human body. Therefore, a qualitative definition of COVID-19 in TCM theory is a "cold and damp" (Chen and Nakamura, 2004; Jia and Gao, 2003) Using a different idea from the microbiology-oriented knowledge of the aetiology of the disease or the mechanism of novel drugs, TCM emphasizes on the relief of symptoms so as to cure infected patients and control the spreading of epidemics. doi = 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153279 id = cord-300452-dqb6em7g author = Wang, Wan-Ying title = Current Policies and Measures on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China date = 2020-09-09 keywords = China; People; TCM summary = Since the launching of the 12 th Five-year Plan, great efforts have been made to improve the development of TCM: Sixty-three State Science and Technology Awards were honored to the research in the field of TCM; Four TCM drugs have been allowed to conduct phase III clinical trial in US and a number of Chinese patent medicines have been recorded in European and US Pharmacopoeia [11] . State council of the People''s Republic of China, The Outline of the Strategic Plan on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine State Council of the People''s Republic of China, The Plan of Protecting and Developing Chinese Medicinal Plants State Council of the People''s Republic of China, The Plan of Developing Healthcare Service of Traditional Chinese Medicine State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People''s Republic of China State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and National Development and Reform Commission of the People''s Republic of China doi = 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105187 id = cord-336330-5m0fhoki author = Wong, R.W.K. title = Antimicrobial activity of Chinese medicine herbs against common bacteria in oral biofilm. A pilot study date = 2010-04-24 keywords = Fructus; TCM summary = Fructus armeniaca mume had inhibitory effects against Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Oral bacteria provide a good starting point for investigating the antimicrobial activities of TCM because the oral cavity is a strategic place for the development of infective disease and in vivo and clinical studies are easy to carry out. In this study, the authors investigate the antimicrobial activity of some TCMs that have been used to treat symptoms related to infection (e.g. fever, inflammation, cough) on several bacteria found in the oral biofilm to identify potential agents to control oral infections and diseases. The TCMs, Rhizoma coptidis and Galla chinensis, which showed potent antimicrobial activity against the four tested bacteria in the agar diffusion assay screening test, were selected for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination using the standard broth microdilution assay 2,6,7 . The authors compared the antimicrobial activity of TCMs with one effective oral antiseptic, chlorhexidine. doi = 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.02.024 id = cord-289238-f3lv7o4d author = Wu, Taixiang title = Traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections date = 2008-08-31 keywords = TCM; chinese summary = Summary Aims To review the evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews for the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herbs for treating acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) and to discuss the limitations of current clinical trials of TCM. The six reviews related to the use of TCM in the treatment of acute bronchitis, influenza, measles, sore throat, common cold and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), respectively. If a preparation was tested as the intervention, it had a high rate of effectiveness; if used as a control drug by another author, it may have had a much lower rate of One poor-quality trial showed that TCM may decrease influenza symptoms and speed up recovery. Common cold 14 trials identified and included In five studies, treatment with herbal preparations resulted in a statistically significantly shorter duration of symptoms compared with control. doi = 10.1016/j.rmed.2008.03.015 id = cord-310210-f2wb3er0 author = Xie, Runsheng title = The RIGHT Extension Statement for Traditional Chinese Medicine: Development, Recommendations, and Explanation date = 2020-09-02 keywords = RIGHT; TCM; chinese summary = In response to this long-standing problem, the Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in HealThcare (RIGHT) Working Group has organized a group of TCM clinical experts, methodologists, and epidemiology, through a multi-staged development process, including systematic review, reporting quality evaluation and online Delphi expert consensus, developed the RIGHT Extension Statement for TCM (RIGHT-TCM). These general principles and basic methods for treating diseases are based on the unique concept of holism and syndrome differentiation and have guiding significance for the specific J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f treatment measures in traditional Chinese medicine [22] . Using the RIGHT Statement to evaluate the reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines in traditional Chinese medicine Extension of RIGHT 13a item (recommendation section) 7Describe whether to treat disease based on the syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine. doi = 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105178 id = cord-253286-ieyqoxe6 author = Xu, Judy title = Traditional Chinese medicine in the Chinese health care system date = 2008-10-22 keywords = China; TCM; chinese; medicine summary = OBJECTIVES: This study examines the role and value of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the current health care system in China. In addition to the Drug Administration Law of the People''s Republic of China, Chinese herbal medicine production, distribution, pricing, and utilization are under the regulations of different government agencies, such as the Chinese State Food and Drug Administration and the National Development and Reform Commission. In health centers, Chinese herbal medicine revenue represented less than 15% of the total medication revenue. A study showed that only 30,000 TCM doctors in China are still prescribing raw/sliced herbal medicine based on TCM theory and Chinese herbology [9] . In addition to investigating and releasing information on adverse-reaction and medical errors, the government can also provide knowledge and studies on the current development of Traditional Medicine and Alternative and Complementary Medicine in western health systems. doi = 10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.09.003 id = cord-300469-u6zjdqx6 author = Xu, Xiaojie title = New concepts and approaches for drug discovery based on traditional Chinese medicine date = 2006-11-09 keywords = MIP; TCM summary = In this review, we report a new reverse approach (from finding bioactive molecules to separating target compounds in the related plant) by using virtual screening, immobilized enzyme and polyclonal antibody, molecularly imprinted polymers for finding, and separating the active compounds from TCM. In this review, we report a reverse approach (from finding bioactive molecules to separating target compounds in the related plant) by using virtual screening, immobilized enzymes, polyclonal antibodies and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) to find and separate the active compounds from TCM quickly and efficiently. So it is necessary for us to carry out drug discovery research by using available information and knowledge and developing new approaches for screening and separating the active compounds directly from TCM. MIP can be used to mimic the enzyme or receptor for direct screening, separation and online identification of active compounds from TCM, and can speed up drug discovery based on TCM. doi = 10.1016/j.ddtec.2006.09.008 id = cord-330674-enq6kgab author = Yu, Jung-Sheng title = Traditional Chinese medicine treatments for upper respiratory tract infections/common colds in Taiwan date = 2014-06-12 keywords = TCM; Taiwan; Tang; chinese summary = INTRODUCTION: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat upper respiratory tract infections/common colds (URTIs) in Asian countries for over 2000 years. METHODS: The TCM treatments for patients consulting with an URTIs were analyzed from the National Health Insurance Research Database using the appropriate codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnoses for Taiwan in 2009. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat upper respiratory tract infections/common colds (URTIs) in Asian countries for over 2000 years. A number of Chinese herbs have been used to treat URTIs. TCM treatment of disease in Taiwan is generally in accordance with TCM theories and the personal experience of the CMDs. Our results showed that Yin-Qiao-San was the most popular TCM formula that was used to treat URTIs. Yin-Qiao-San first appeared in the record of WenBingTiaoBian (1798-1836 A.D.) and remains a common TCM prescription for treating seasonal influenza [35] , as well as the common cold, fever, cough, and other respiratory tract diseases [36] . doi = 10.1016/j.eujim.2014.06.003 id = cord-350066-xwf7u4n5 author = Zhang, Baozhen title = Acupuncture for breathlessness in COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-07-02 keywords = COVID-19; TCM; acupuncture summary = title: Acupuncture for breathlessness in COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis [12] In total, 303 ongoing clinical trials concerning the assessment of the therapeutic safety and efficacy for COVID-19 patients have been launched in China by March 1, 2020, 50 of which focus on TCM, including 14 clinical trials aimed at evaluating the efficacy of TCM combined with Western medicine. The recent systematic review and meta-analysis show that acupuncture can relieve breathlessness in subjects with advanced diseases. [16] Therefore, in this meta-analysis review, our goal is to systematically review the efficacy of acupuncture in relieving breathlessness, subsequently improving the physiological function and quality of life of patients with COVID-19 combined with dyspnea. First, it is the first systematic review concerning the safety and effectiveness of acupuncture for breathlessness in COVID-19. The effectiveness of acupuncture in prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting-a systematic review and meta-analysis doi = 10.1097/md.0000000000020701 id = cord-300517-41pr3dwa author = Zhang, Dan title = The clinical benefits of Chinese patent medicines against COVID-19 based on current evidence date = 2020-05-05 keywords = COVID-19; China; Injection; TCM; chinese summary = As recommended in the Guideline on Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Revised 7th version) which was officially released by National Health Commission of the People''s Republic of China, TCM could exert favorable effects for patients with different syndromes and distinct stages of COVID-19, contributing to infections in the periods of both medical observation and clinical treatment [23] . In addition, prevenient Chinese research pointed out its clinical J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f advantages that were related to improve respiratory symptoms, inhibit concurrent bacterial infection, and regulate immune function, superior clinical safety, especially certain hepatoprotective effects, suggesting it might have potentials to relieve some drug-induced liver injury during the treatment of COVID-19 for serious cases [60] . doi = 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104882 id = cord-273556-rvo0vyk3 author = Zhang, Kui title = The combined therapy of a traditional Chinese medicine formula and Western medicine for a critically ill case infected with COVID-19 date = 2020-06-09 keywords = COVID-19; TCM summary = title: The combined therapy of a traditional Chinese medicine formula and Western medicine for a critically ill case infected with COVID-19 OBJECTIVE: Presentation of a case illustrating the benefits of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in critically ill patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our case report suggests that collaborative treatments with traditional Chinese medicine prove beneficial in the management of COVID-19 in critically ill patients. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly recognised illness that has spread rapidly throughout Wuhan (Hubei province) to other provinces in China and around the world. Here, we report 1 critically ill case, who was infected by COVID-19, obtained good results after the combined therapy of our TCM formula and Western medicine. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study doi = 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102473 id = cord-024111-7yrftdp4 author = Zhang, Runzhi title = Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiome: Their Respective and Concert Effects on Healthcare date = 2020-04-22 keywords = TCM; chinese; effect; gut; intestinal; microbiome summary = Advances in systems biology, particularly based on the omics approaches, have resulted in a paradigm shift in both traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the gut microbiome research. Dietary interventions might lead to the modulation of gut microbiome, which will contribute to weight loss, enhance the integrity of the intestinal barrier, and reduce the antigenic load in the circulation, ultimately improving the inflammatory and metabolic phenotypes (Xiao et al., 2014) . Previous studies have proven that TCM is conductive to maintain the homeostasis of the intestinal flora (Chang et al., 2015; Zhou et al., 2016) , and the gut microbiome could also exert pharmacological effects of the TCM on host (Park et al., 2006) , which render TCM a potential new drug in the western markets. Thus, research about relationship between TCM and gut microbiome is significant, which helps researchers to further study the pharmacological effects of TCM on the human body and the causal links among intestinal microbiome with disease. doi = 10.3389/fphar.2020.00538 id = cord-290412-m6fesoyb author = Zhao, Chang-qing title = Traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of liver diseases: progress, challenges and opportunities date = 2014-09-30 keywords = FZHYC; TCM; chinese; liver summary = In this article, we introduce TCM herbal preparations from the Chinese materia medica (such as Fuzheng Huayu) that are typically used for the treatment of liver diseases. TCM is widely applied in the treatment of liver diseases in China by both Chinese medicine doctors and Western medicine doctors because its ability to protect hepatocytes, inhibit hepatic inflammation and reduce fibrosis in the liver. Several patent drugs (Chinese herbal formulas) for treatment Clinical observations showed that FZHYC can effectively improve liver function and decrease the expression of fibrosis biomarkers such as serum hyaluronic acid, collagen type IV, procollagen type III and laminin, in chronic liver disease patients with fibrosis or cirrhosis [43, 44] . Randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial for integrated treatment of community-acquired pneumonia based on traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation Optimized project of traditional Chinese medicine in treating chronic kidney disease stage 3: a multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled trial doi = 10.1016/s2095-4964(14)60039-x