Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 102 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17533 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 54 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 99 time 12 COVID-19 9 study 9 patient 8 PCR 7 model 5 work 5 series 5 result 4 rate 4 method 4 life 4 group 4 figure 4 day 4 covid-19 4 University 4 Fig 3 surgery 3 experience 3 dna 3 disease 3 datum 3 crisis 3 conclusion 3 blood 3 Time 3 MRI 3 LOS 3 January 3 Hospital 2 worker 2 uncertainty 2 treatment 2 topic 2 surgical 2 surgeon 2 roux 2 robotic 2 procedure 2 postoperative 2 passenger 2 pandemic 2 outcome 2 network 2 level 2 laparoscopic 2 increase 2 home 2 high Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 10362 patient 9403 time 8963 % 4758 study 3593 case 3357 result 3111 group 3042 datum 3031 model 2955 method 2844 day 2576 surgery 2375 p 2121 rate 2117 year 2096 analysis 1848 number 1845 effect 1829 treatment 1774 system 1751 procedure 1751 disease 1735 level 1726 value 1712 outcome 1641 approach 1556 conclusion 1546 hospital 1509 dog 1480 blood 1475 difference 1463 risk 1456 complication 1387 factor 1381 age 1266 use 1263 event 1246 period 1220 test 1203 technique 1201 sample 1156 network 1149 care 1107 control 1105 month 1094 change 1033 field 996 t 991 information 983 term Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 1438 al 1327 ED 1195 et 920 . 617 CT 575 Fig 556 mg 528 COVID-19 522 MR 476 t 417 PCR 412 C 387 ICU 366 CI 345 University 320 ICG 317 MRI 302 AE 282 T 280 MD 279 • 266 Hospital 255 II 238 ICH 236 Time 234 kg 229 IV 222 j 221 S 215 A 211 Table 210 Y 210 BMI 209 January 206 LOS 204 March 204 Health 201 k 196 US 193 M 184 ± 180 B 179 EMS 169 T2 168 SAH 168 L 167 F 164 APC 163 Medical 163 D Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 7379 we 3758 it 1672 i 1405 they 548 them 464 us 389 she 319 he 267 you 228 one 142 itself 139 me 83 themselves 71 ourselves 41 him 37 her 31 myself 15 himself 13 herself 13 's 7 u 5 yourself 5 s 5 cha 3 oneself 2 y 2 theirs 2 p-450 2 ours 2 mrs 2 iicas 2 enroll 1 ωrf 1 ĝ 1 wouldn´t 1 wellthey 1 thereof 1 t 1 rev(sbp(t 1 rankðhaiÞ 1 pseudonyms 1 opt,+ 1 onμ 1 ofvwd 1 n20s 1 mine 1 j824 1 homesome 1 h 1 eventuality(self Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 59287 be 9336 have 6136 use 2736 perform 2533 show 2415 include 2287 do 2114 compare 1936 base 1768 follow 1739 increase 1544 present 1457 identify 1403 associate 1318 report 1299 find 1268 provide 1210 undergo 1202 evaluate 1200 require 1140 determine 1137 make 1094 consider 1085 reduce 1013 give 1004 see 1002 develop 943 need 919 measure 883 take 875 describe 850 receive 846 improve 845 assess 813 obtain 775 observe 764 allow 753 occur 747 suggest 743 treat 735 relate 713 demonstrate 704 predict 704 decrease 699 analyze 689 remain 671 lead 663 define 640 aim 623 indicate Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4847 not 3736 - 2731 high 2464 more 2156 laparoscopic 2108 also 1993 other 1883 well 1777 low 1696 only 1695 however 1630 such 1628 clinical 1587 significant 1542 surgical 1501 different 1404 first 1367 most 1157 large 1097 non 1094 significantly 1059 long 1012 postoperative 983 as 963 small 935 mean 927 then 910 new 891 further 870 single 864 early 846 operative 844 gastric 839 old 834 less 830 normal 815 positive 808 medical 803 respectively 797 same 790 post 780 specific 778 total 762 many 755 acute 754 common 748 median 744 important 734 good 728 real Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 384 most 266 good 206 least 161 Most 140 high 101 large 60 low 42 short 39 great 36 long 31 near 27 simple 25 bad 19 late 17 strong 15 close 13 small 12 young 10 fast 10 big 9 early 5 p=0.016 5 new 5 deep 5 common 4 safe 3 weak 3 steep 3 slow 3 slight 3 poor 2 thick 2 rare 2 quick 2 postt 2 old 2 narrow 2 fit 2 few 2 easy 2 busy 2 broad 2 Least 1 � 1 wild 1 wealthy 1 tight 1 testret 1 submucosa 1 strict Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 983 most 158 least 49 well 6 worst 3 shortest 3 highest 3 hard 1 strongest 1 greatest 1 -so Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 doi.org 10 github.com 4 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 3 bit.ly 2 younghhk.shinyapps.io 2 www.thelily.com 2 www.biomedcentral.com 2 sites.tufts.edu 1 www.wikipedia.org 1 www.surveymonkey.com 1 www.socialexplorer.com 1 www.safegraph.com 1 www.real-score.org 1 www.frontiersin.org 1 www.equator-network.org 1 www.elysee.fr 1 www.colorectaleducation.com 1 www.census.gov 1 www.bioinfo.rpi.edu 1 www.bbc.com 1 www.ann-clinmicrob.com 1 www.mrisafety.com 1 www 1 tools.epidemiology.net 1 systems.jhu.edu 1 structure.biol.ucy.ac.cy 1 sourceforge.net 1 slydor.com 1 shiny.epidemiology 1 shiny.dide.imperial 1 scholar.google.com 1 reformedjournal 1 pypi.org 1 pursuit.unimelb.edu.au 1 probes.invitrogen.com 1 perso.ens-lyon.fr 1 orcid.org 1 nihserver.mbi.ucla.edu 1 montrealgazette.com 1 malawi.opendataforafrica.org 1 java.com 1 globalnews.ca 1 flexdex.com 1 en.wikipedia.org 1 dx 1 creativecommons.org 1 cran.r-project.org 1 coronacontract.org 1 conda-forge.org 1 bcb.med.usherbrooke.ca Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 11 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.20.20215756 10 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.09.20059360 7 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.18.20177345 3 http://github.com/hackl/tikz-network 2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/ 2 http://sites.tufts.edu/naumovalabs/analecta/ 2 http://github.com/tensionhead/pyBOAT 1 http://younghhk.shinyapps.io/tvSIRforCOVID19/ 1 http://younghhk.shinyapps.io/ 1 http://www.wikipedia.org/ 1 http://www.thelily.com/women-academics-seem-to-be-submitting-fewer-papers-duringcoronavirus-never-seen-anything-like-it-says-one-editor/ 1 http://www.thelily.com 1 http://www.surveymonkey.com 1 http://www.socialexplorer.com/ 1 http://www.safegraph.com/ 1 http://www.real-score.org 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 1 http://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg 1 http://www.equator-network.org/ 1 http://www.elysee.fr/emmanuel-macron/2020/04/13/adresse-aux-francais- 1 http://www.colorectaleducation.com/ 1 http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php 1 http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/supplementary/1476-0711-7-18-S1.doc] 1 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6947/8/35/prepub 1 http://www.bioinfo.rpi.edu/∼zukerm/rna/ 1 http://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200421-why-zoom-video-chats-are-so-exhausting 1 http://www.ann-clinmicrob.com/content/7/1/18 1 http://www.MRIsafety.com 1 http://www 1 http://tools.epidemiology.net/EpiEstim.xls 1 http://systems.jhu.edu/research/public-health/ncov/ 1 http://structure.biol.ucy.ac.cy/latcom.html 1 http://sourceforge.net/projects/chipcluster/ 1 http://slydor.com/comics-explained-working-from-home-vs-office/ 1 http://shiny.epidemiology 1 http://shiny.dide.imperial 1 http://scholar.google.com/ 1 http://reformedjournal 1 http://pypi.org/project/colorednoise 1 http://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/our-changing-identities-under-covid-19 1 http://probes.invitrogen.com/handbook/figures/0710.html 1 http://perso.ens-lyon.fr/patrice 1 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-6161 1 http://nihserver.mbi.ucla.edu/RACC/ 1 http://montrealgazette.com/business/local-business/masks-and-ppes...visited 1 http://malawi.opendataforafrica.org 1 http://java.com/zh_CN/ 1 http://globalnews.ca/news/6798844/canada-goose-production-medicalppe-coronavirus/ 1 http://github.com/yoavram/SanJose Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 yy@hhhealth.org 1 sheridga@tcd.ieth 1 philnevahefner@gmail.com 1 mosconia1@gmail.com 1 jarturpaiva@gmail.com 1 frederic.dutheil@uca.fr Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 patients undergoing laparoscopic 21 % were female 19 patients underwent laparoscopic 16 % were male 11 time was significantly 10 approach is feasible 9 patients did not 9 patients were more 9 patients were not 8 patient did not 8 results are consistent 8 study did not 8 surgery is safe 7 % were men 7 data do not 7 group was significantly 7 levels were not 7 levels were significantly 7 patients undergoing surgery 7 patients were female 7 studies are necessary 7 time is not 6 case report forms 6 data are available 6 group did not 6 groups were similar 6 model does not 6 patient underwent laparoscopic 6 patients undergoing elective 6 patients undergoing hh 6 patients undergoing lsg 6 patients were randomly 6 patients were then 6 studies did not 6 study included patients 6 surgery is feasible 6 surgery is still 6 time was not 5 % were white 5 approach is safe 5 data were prospectively 5 groups did not 5 groups had similar 5 groups were not 5 patient was asymptomatic 5 patients are still 5 patients do not 5 patients had significantly 5 results were similar 5 studies have not Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 patient had no further 3 treatment had no effect 2 % reported no change 2 group was not significant 2 groups showed no significant 2 groups was not statistically 2 levels were not significantly 2 patients had no relationship 2 time was not significantly 1 % is not negligible 1 % were not comfortable 1 analysis does not simply 1 analysis showed no difference 1 analysis showed no differences 1 analysis showed no evidence 1 analysis showed no significant 1 analysis showed no structural 1 analysis were no hepada 1 approach are not adequately 1 approach is not applicable 1 approach is not feasible 1 approach is not yet 1 approach takes no account 1 blood identified no mutations 1 cases had no residual 1 data are not easily 1 data are not usually 1 data did not entirely 1 data showed no difference 1 disease has not yet 1 disease is not yet 1 disease was not well 1 dogs had no alterations 1 dogs is not just 1 effect is not statistically 1 effect is not very 1 effect was not detectable 1 effect was not significant 1 effects are not only 1 effects are not well 1 group had no intervention 1 group had no significant 1 group required no conversions 1 groups had no statistically 1 groups was not significant 1 groups was not significantly 1 groups were not different 1 groups were not exactly 1 groups were not significant 1 groups were not significantly A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-265597-hiqqx1a2 author = Abdellatif, Amal title = It''s OK not to be OK: Shared Reflections from two PhD Parents in a Time of Pandemic date = 2020-05-13 keywords = experience; time summary = title: It''s OK not to be OK: Shared Reflections from two PhD Parents in a Time of Pandemic As two PhD students, we present shared reflections on our intersectional and divergent experiences of parenting and our attempts to protect our work and families during a pandemic. Through sharing, we both learned more about our intersectional identities and our efforts to act as protective shields for our families during this traumatic time. We present our reflective stories in three acts represented in a single day: morning, afternoon and evenings of April 10th, 2020 -''Good Friday'' (additionally recorded as a shared time-log exercise). Yet, our diaries also reflect how our experiences diverge from the other identities we hold; gender, ethnicity, and co-parenting vs single parenting; all of which influenced our pandemic reality. At the same time, Amal reflected on her resistance through single-parenting to the cultural template of ''emphasised femininity'' (Connell & Messerschmidt, 2005) . doi = 10.1111/gwao.12465 id = cord-292475-jrl1fowa author = Abry, Patrice title = Spatial and temporal regularization to estimate COVID-19 reproduction number R(t): Promoting piecewise smoothness via convex optimization date = 2020-08-20 keywords = France; datum; time summary = doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0237901 id = cord-128991-mb91j2zs author = Agapiou, Sergios title = Modeling of Covid-19 Pandemic in Cyprus date = 2020-10-05 keywords = Cyprus; covid-19; model; time summary = Here we report our work including results from statistical and mathematical models used to understand the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Cyprus, during the time period starting from the beginning of March till the end of May 2020. We use change-point detection, count time series methods and compartmental models for short and long term projections, respectively. Testing approaches in the Republic of Cyprus included: a) targeted testing of suspect cases and their contacts; of repatriates at the airport and during their 14-day quarantine; of teachers and students when schools re-opened in mid-May; of employees in essential services that continued their operation throughout the first pandemic wave (e.g., customer services, public domain); and of health-care workers in public hospitals, and b) population screenings following random sampling in the general population of most districts and in two municipalities with increased disease burden. doi = nan id = cord-000988-79fp75u3 author = Al-Siyabi, Turkiya title = A cost effective real-time PCR for the detection of adenovirus from viral swabs date = 2013-06-07 keywords = PCR; dna; figure; time summary = Twentyseven virus culture-positive specimens and 169 virus culture-negative specimens were randomly selected and tested for the presence of HAdV using a well established in-house real-time PCR assay [18] following recovery of viral DNA was recovered by homogenization with heat treatment or automated nucleic acid extraction. This internally controlled quantitative real-time PCR assay targets the hexon gene of adenovirus, and is validated for detection Table 1 Nucleotide sequences of primers and probes used in this study The analytical sensitivity (or limit of detection, LoD) of the homogenization with heat treatment or nucleic acid extraction, in combination with the real-time PCR, was determined using 10-fold serial dilutions (in UTM) of a cultured HAdV-C type 6. Virus stock dilutions were quantified using commercial real-time PCR assay, and the LoD for homogenization or nucleic acid extraction-based protocols were shown to be approximately equivalent (Figure 2) . doi = 10.1186/1743-422x-10-184 id = cord-024290-8z6us7v4 author = Allen, Edward E. title = Time Series Adjustment Enhancement of Hierarchical Modeling of Arabidopsis Thaliana Gene Interactions date = 2020-02-01 keywords = gene; time summary = Network models of gene interactions, using time course gene transcript abundance data, are computationally created using a genetic algorithm designed to incorporate hierarchical Bayesian methods with time series adjustments. Second, the addition of time series adjustment to improve the independence of the model''s residuals gives these techniques stronger statistical foundations. In complicated modeling situations (e.g., like ours where we need to obtain closed form likelihoods of DAGs within a hierarchical structure in order to produce posterior probabilities of edges), it is common to derive results as if there were non-correlated residuals, as we have done in previous work. The use of the time series adjusted next state Norris-Patton likelihood, along with a tailor-made genetic algorithm and Bayesian model averaging, allows for the rigorous estimation of posterior probabilities for all gene pair interactions. Using the transcript abundance data for 26 Arabidopsis thaliana genes stimulated by ACC, gene interaction models for a next state with and without time series adjustment were computationally created, shown in Fig. 3 . doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-42266-0_11 id = cord-354941-0ocsf255 author = Amorin‐Woods, Deisy title = Family Therapy and COVID‐19: International Reflections during the Pandemic from Systemic Therapists across the Globe date = 2020-06-08 keywords = COVID-19; Family; Therapy; experience; pandemic; system; therapist; time summary = doi = 10.1002/anzf.1416 id = cord-104133-d01joq23 author = Arthur, Ronan F. title = Adaptive social contact rates induce complex dynamics during epidemics date = 2020-07-14 keywords = model; time summary = We develop a model for adaptive optimal control of the effective social contact rate within a Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible (SIS) epidemic model using a dynamic utility function with delayed information. To represent endogenous behavior-change, we start with the classical discrete-time 112 susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) model [28] , which, when incidence is relatively 113 small compared to the total population [29, 30] , can be written in terms of the recursions 114 In order to introduce human behavior, we 121 substitute for b a time-dependent b t , which is a function of both b 0 , the probability that 122 disease transmission takes place on contact, and a dynamic social rate of contact c t 123 whose optimal value, c * t , is determined at each time t as in economic epidemiological 124 models [31] , namely doi = 10.1101/2020.04.14.028407 id = cord-254894-ta7hebbg author = Balachandar, S. title = Host-to-Host Airborne Transmission As a Multiphase Flow Problem For Science-Based Social Distance Guidelines date = 2020-09-04 keywords = Pareto; distribution; droplet; puff; size; time summary = In this paper, we discuss the processes of droplet generation by exhalation, their potential transformation into airborne particles by evaporation, transport over long distances by the exhaled puff and by ambient air turbulence, and final inhalation by the receiving host as interconnected multiphase flow processes. (ii) A first-order mathematical framework that describes the evolution of the cloud of respiratory droplets and their conversion to droplet nuclei, as a function of time, and (iii) A simple description of the inhalability of the aerosols along with the corresponding evaluation of the effectiveness of different masks based on existing data reported to date. doi = 10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2020.103439 id = cord-023988-u60l07jv author = Bao, Yinyin title = Snapshots of Life—Early Career Materials Scientists Managing in the Midst of a Pandemic date = 2020-04-23 keywords = COVID-19; research; time; work summary = After a two-week self-quarantine, I worked hard in the lab and tried to get as many results as possible, since I realized that universities in the US could also be shut down in the near future, which happened one month later. ■ LONG CHEN, PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, TIANJIN UNIVERSITY During the locked-down period in our city since February, although the laboratories are still closed and all the students keep staying in their hometown, we all have great confidence that our country, and the entire world, can win this COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Our team is made up of a number of graduate student researchers and postdocs from LBNL and UC Berkeley who specialize in natural language processing methods for analyzing materials science literature, but we were approached about a month ago by colleagues from the Innovative Genomics Institute about applying some of our techniques to the COVID-19 literature. This summer, I was planning on staying on UBC campus doing research and continuing my work as a teaching assistant until COVID-19 got in the way. doi = 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01624 id = cord-031409-7cs1z6x6 author = Baraitser, Lisa title = The maternal death drive: Greta Thunberg and the question of the future date = 2020-09-04 keywords = Freud; Thunberg; child; death; life; time summary = Drawing on earlier work, this paper develops the notion of a ''maternal death drive'' that supplements Freud''s death drive by accounting for repetition that retains a relation to the developmental time of ''life'' but remains ''otherwise'' to a life drive. The temporal form of this ''life in death'' is that of ''dynamic chronicity'', analogous to late modern narratives that describe the present as ''thin'' and the time of human futurity as running out. The maternal (death drive) alerts us to a new figure of a child whose task is to carry expectations and anxieties about the future and bind them into a reproductive present. In many ways, the death drive is a temporal concept, holding together the paradoxical time in which repetition contains within it a backwards pull towards the no-time of the living organism, even as the shape of this relation describes ''a life''. doi = 10.1057/s41282-020-00197-y id = cord-157736-n1cwg58b author = Bernini, Antonio title = Use of IT tools to search for a correlation between weather factors and onset of pulmonary thromboembolism date = 2020-08-11 keywords = pressure; series; time summary = The project has been uploaded on GitHub. Our analyses highlighted a strong correlation between the moving averages of atmospheric pressure and those of the hospitalizations number (R= -0.9468, p<0,001) although causality is still unknown. By making the moving average of the time series of daily hospitalizations, always on an annual window, we obtain a graph ( Figure 7) with an increasing trend, which cannot be ignored in the analysis of the results obtained later. A first approach in the search for a correlation between the time series of hospitalizations and that of atmospheric pressure was to generate a scatter plot (Figure 8 ), which however did not highlight anything in particular, but, at first sight, it shows a fairly random relationship between the data. doi = nan id = cord-274083-6vln3erl author = Bhardwaj, Rajneesh title = Likelihood of survival of coronavirus in a respiratory droplet deposited on a solid surface date = 2020-06-01 keywords = droplet; time summary = Drying of the droplet is predicted by using a diffusion-limited evaporation model for a sessile droplet placed on a partially wetted surface with a pinned contact line. We consider diffusion-limited, quasi-steady evaporation of a sessile droplet with a pinned contact line on a partially wetted surface (Fig. 2) . The mass lost rate (kg/s) of an evaporating sessile droplet is expressed as follows: 12 where H and θ are relative humidity and static contact angle, respectively. (8) and (10) Second, we present the effect of ambient temperature, surface wettability, and relative humidity on the drying time of the droplet. To determine the likelihood of the droplet and the virus on the surface, we find the mean and standard deviation of the probability density function (PDF) of the normal distribution of the droplet drying times for different cases of ambient temperature, contact angle, and relative humidity. doi = 10.1063/5.0012009 id = cord-302185-pnw3xiun author = Bodecka, Marta title = Gender as a moderator between Present-Hedonistic time perspective and depressive symptoms or stress during COVID-19 lock-down date = 2021-01-01 keywords = stress; time summary = doi = 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110395 id = cord-017031-i10q2569 author = Brix, Gunnar title = Basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy date = 2008 keywords = Fig; Fourier; GRE; Larmor; MRA; MRI; Sect; diffusion; field; magnetic; time summary = The signal increase realized by low-flip angle excitation in combination with short repetition times is obtained, however, by omitting the 180° pulse generating a spinecho, as the 180° pulse not only inverts the phase of the transverse magnetization, but also the longitudinal magnetization (see Fig. 2 In contrast to the conventional imaging sequences, the nomenclature of the GRE sequences is not unified, but is handled differently by different manufacturers. If the flip angle is increased, the T1 contrast maximum will shift to a higher TR value dient of the FLASH sequence, refocusing gradient pulses are introduced in slice-selection direction as well as in the direction of frequency and phase encoding, through which the transverse magnetization is not destroyed after the data acquisition of the MR signal, but rather rephased or refocused (Fig. 2.4 .21). doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29355-2_2 id = cord-348436-mwitcseq author = Bu, F. title = Time-use and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a panel analysis of 55,204 adults followed across 11 weeks of lockdown in the UK date = 2020-08-21 keywords = COVID-19; mental; time summary = doi = 10.1101/2020.08.18.20177345 id = cord-265348-hnu8gw6w author = Buising, Kirsty L title = Improving antibiotic prescribing for adults with community acquired pneumonia: Does a computerised decision support system achieve more than academic detailing alone? – a time series analysis date = 2008-07-31 keywords = period; time summary = This study evaluates the impact of academic detailing and a computerised decision support system (CDSS) on clinicians'' prescribing behaviour for patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP). The rate of empiric antibiotic prescribing that was concordant with recommendations was studied over time comparing pre and post periods and using an interrupted time series analysis. During the first months of the computerised decision support period an improvement in the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing was demonstrated, which was greater than that expected to have occurred with time and academic detailing alone, based on predictions from a binary logistic model. CONCLUSION: Deployment of a computerised decision support system was associated with an early improvement in antibiotic prescribing practices which was greater than the changes seen with academic detailing. Similarly, the proportion of patients requiring ICU management at any time during their admission who were initially prescribed the recommended empiric broad spectrum antibiotics for severe pneumonia in the ED was compared. doi = 10.1186/1472-6947-8-35 id = cord-321492-u2jm6y25 author = Catty, Jocelyn title = Lockdown and adolescent mental health: reflections from a child and adolescent psychotherapist date = 2020-06-10 keywords = adolescent; crisis; time summary = The time of the COVID-19 virus brings a strange shifting of priorities to my professional life as a child and adolescent psychoanalytic psychotherapist working in a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS). Do we, like primary care staff, rush to ''man the barricades'' (Davies, 2020, Waiting in Pandemic Times) -anxiety about the possibility of redeployment is spreading among mental health staff even where they are entirely untrained for physical health care -or do we hunker down at home to conduct therapy online for the foreseeable future? 1 This paper was written in the first two weeks after lockdown, when emergency presentations nationally were hugely reduced (BMJ, 2020); by the time of publication, it could be anecdotally observed that emergency presentations of adolescents in a state of mental health crisis had increased. The child and adolescent psychoanalytic psychotherapist, Jocelyn Catty reflects on how psychological therapies are positioned during a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15961.1 id = cord-225347-lnzz2chk author = Chakraborty, Tanujit title = Nowcasting of COVID-19 confirmed cases: Foundations, trends, and challenges date = 2020-10-10 keywords = ARIMA; ARNN; COVID-19; model; series; time summary = Several statistical and machine learning methods for real-time forecasting of the new and cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19 are developed to overcome limitations of the epidemiological model approaches and assist public health planning and policy-making [25, 91, 6, 26, 23] . As such, we aim to perform a meaningful data analysis, including the study of time series characteristics, to provide a suitable and comprehensive knowledge foundation for the future step of selecting an apt forecasting method. Five time series COVID-19 datasets for the USA, India, Russia, Brazil, and Peru UK are considered for assessing twenty forecasting models (individual, ensemble, and hybrid). Results for USA COVID-19 data: Among the single models, ARIMA (2, 1, 4) performs best in terms of accuracy metrics for 15-days ahead forecasts. Results for India COVID-19 data: Among the single models, ANN performs best in terms of accuracy metrics for 15-days ahead forecasts. doi = nan id = cord-236830-0y5yisfk author = Chan, Justin title = PACT: Privacy Sensitive Protocols and Mechanisms for Mobile Contact Tracing date = 2020-04-07 keywords = positive; time; user summary = Importantly, these protocols, by default, keep all personal data on a citizens'' phones (aside for pseudonymous identifiers broadcast to other local devices), while enabling these key capabilities; information is shared via voluntary disclosure actions taken, with the understandings relayed via careful disclosure. From a civil liberties standpoint, the privacy guarantees these protocols ensure are designed to be consistent with the disclosures already extant in contract tracing methods done by public health services (where some information from a positive tested citizen is revealed to other at risk citizens). Preventing proximity-based identification of this sort is not possible to avoid in any protocol, even in manual contact tracing as done by public health services, simply because the exposure alert may contain information that is correlated with identifying information. To discuss the consequences of these properties on privacy and integrity, let us refer to users as either "positive" or "negative" depending on whether they decided to report as positive, by uploading their seed to the server, or not. doi = nan id = cord-025439-3rlvmwce author = Christman, Ananya title = New Bounds for Maximizing Revenue in Online Dial-a-Ride date = 2020-04-30 keywords = request; time summary = We then investigate the problem for uniform revenues (so the objective is to maximize the total number of requests served) and prove that sbp earns at least 1/4 the revenue of opt, minus an additive term linear in f , the number of time segments (Sect. It was observed in [8] that no deterministic online algorithm can be guaranteed to serve the requests served by opt during the last time segment and the authors proved that sbp is 6-competitive barring an additive factor equal to the revenue earned by opt during the last two time segments. We first present a general lower bound for this problem and show that no non-preemptive deterministic online algorithm (e.g. sbp) can be better than 2-competitive with respect to the revenue earned by the offline optimal schedule (ignoring the last two time segments; see Lemma 1, below). doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-48966-3_14 id = cord-280929-4aa20cut author = Clavijo, Nathalie title = Reflecting upon vulnerable and dependent bodies during the COVID‐19 crisis date = 2020-05-07 keywords = crisis; time summary = I reflect on how this crisis is letting the most vulnerable in situations of survival because the infrastructures (Butler, 2016) that support our bodies are not functioning. keywords: vulnerability; gender; Covid-19; dominated occupations Before embracing an academic career, I worked for several years in a company where I was a management accountant. Many parents are experiencing right now the same difficult days I am going through: organizing my work, working sometimes at 5 am because I really cannot think of any other timeslot for work, my zoom conferences while my sons are playing in the room next door, homeschooling a 12-year-old boy, a 9-year-old boy and a 4year-old boy at the same time, thinking about meals, laundry, calling family to make sure everyone is fine etc. our lives have collapsed, part of the reason is because some of the infrastructures (associations, schools, day care, stores, offices…) that support our bodies (Butler, 2016) are not functioning during this crisis. doi = 10.1111/gwao.12460 id = cord-314295-itr3b63z author = Cori, Anne title = A New Framework and Software to Estimate Time-Varying Reproduction Numbers During Epidemics date = 2013-09-15 keywords = estimate; time summary = The Wallinga and Teunis method (13) is generic and requires only case incidence data and the distribution of the serial interval (the time between the onset of symptoms in a primary case and the onset of symptoms of secondary cases) to estimate R over the course of an epidemic. The aim of our study was to develop a generic and robust tool for estimating the time-varying reproduction number, similar in spirit to earlier methods, but implemented with ready-to-use software and without the drawbacks mentioned above. After describing our approach, we apply it to data from selected historical outbreaks of pandemic influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), measles, and smallpox. In such diseases, and when the infectiousness profile after symptoms is independent of the incubation period, the distributions of the serial interval and the generation time are identical (Web Appendix 9), and our estimates are exact (albeit with t defined as the time of symptom onset of a primary case and a time lag in our estimates of R t equal to the incubation period). doi = 10.1093/aje/kwt133 id = cord-342890-2k5ttvfq author = Dabachine, Yassine title = Strategic design of precautionary measures for airport passengers in times of global health crisis Covid 19: Parametric modelling and processing algorithms date = 2020-09-04 keywords = International; check; passenger; time summary = The proposed simulations make it possible to calculate the number of passengers to be processed in accordance with the available check-in counters based on the proposed sanitary measures. Nevertheless, certain rules and standards are defined by IATA to guarantee the quality requirements of the passenger assistance service in the terminal area, on which we have based our proposals for additional measures in line with sanitary requirements for such a pandemic. This document proposes a simulation tool to better manage the flow of passengers, as part of an approach that inte-grates quality of service standards and the new requirements of health regulations within airports. The study''s approach advocates that measures relating to waiting time, queue size and passenger handling rates should follow the IATA quality of service standards [13] illustrated in the section . The second part in green represents the variable parameters, which include the speed of processing, passengers'' movement models, social force and deviations, and the distribution of pre-departure time [20] . doi = 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.101917 id = cord-301171-1lpd8dh9 author = Davison, Robert M. title = The Transformative Potential of Disruptions: A Viewpoint date = 2020-05-19 keywords = need; student; time summary = I also consider how the present disruption may facilitate a transformation of current practices that lead to a better world at the individual and institutional levels. I suggest that while these disruptions are undoubtedly inconvenient, not to mention potentially life-threatening, they do offer us an opportunity for transformative change. As researchers, we have the potential to play a significant role in transforming the opportunity and making the world a better place (Davison et al., 2019) . In an online class, the dynamics change and I find that, with a little effort, I can get 90% of the students to interact without disrupting each other or me. I thus transform the assessment process and provide students with the opportunity to demonstrate what they have learned. The most challenging aspect of this transformation is accepting that asynchronous interactions can work, and that meetings are really not essential most of the time. doi = 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102149 id = cord-268524-lr51ubz5 author = Droit-Volet, Sylvie title = Time and Covid-19 stress in the lockdown situation: Time free, «Dying» of boredom and sadness date = 2020-08-10 keywords = covid-19; lockdown; time summary = This time experience was not explained by the levels of perceived stress or anxiety, although these were considerable, but rather by the increase in boredom and sadness felt in the lockdown situation. The aim of the present study was thus to conduct a scale survey on a large sample of an as yet untested population-French people-in order to assess not only the perceived stress related to Covid-19 but also the emotions (happiness, boredom, arousal) felt during as compared to before the lockdown and their links to the subjective experience of time. There is thus a risk in this period of pandemic that the chronic stress related to Covid-19 and its corollaries (anxiety, fear of death) are particularly high and therefore impact the subjective experience of time by speeding up the perceived passage of time. doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0236465 id = cord-028972-1athnjkh author = Etemad, Hamid title = Managing uncertain consequences of a global crisis: SMEs encountering adversities, losses, and new opportunities date = 2020-07-10 keywords = COVID-19; crisis; entrepreneurial; information; time; uncertainty summary = The rapidly emerging evidence suggests that the capable, far-sighted, and innovative enterprises perceived the slow-downs, or stoppages in some cases, as an opportunity for starting, or increasing, their alternative ways of sustaining activities, including on-line and remote activities and involvements, in order to compensate for the shrinkage in their pre-COVID demands, while the short-sighted or severely resource-constrained SMEs faced the difficult decision of closure in favor of "survival or self-preservation" strategy, thus losing expansion opportunities. In short, a small firm''s potential exposure to cross-sectional and longitudinal risks and uncertainties is also likely to depend on information on a combination of influential factors, some of which are discussed above; prominent 9 Similar arguments apply to national preparedness and national security over time to shield individual and corporate citizens from bearing short-term or long-term high costs-the national costs per capita may pale relative to the immeasurable costs of human mortalities paid by the deceased people and their families, the massive unemployment, or high costs related to shortages in major crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. doi = 10.1007/s10843-020-00279-z id = cord-022551-qlhkwbp9 author = FISHER, PETER G. title = [Image: see text] FERRET BEHAVIOR date = 2009-05-15 keywords = Mustela; behavior; bite; ferret; male; play; time summary = 32 In a natural setting all these reproductive behaviors would allow multiple polecat hobs to stake their territory and fi ght off any potential competitive male suitors so that by the time the jill becomes sexually receptive they can get down to the business of breeding. True fi ghting behavior between domestic ferrets is similar to that described by Poole in his study of European polecats 33 -as an incident during which each animal attempted to bite the back of its opponent''s neck with a sustained, immobilizing hold. Ferrets use their mouths in many behaviors, including play, attention seeking, defense, "hunting," fear, and response to pain. w Play aggression-The most common underlying cause for biting in ferrets, this is a normal behavior, especially in young ferrets, that needs to be mitigated. doi = 10.1016/b978-1-4160-0009-9.50011-6 id = cord-311957-3rmm1hfb author = Faes, C. title = Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: a Statistical Analysis of Different Time-Delay Distributions in Belgian COVID-19 Patients date = 2020-07-21 keywords = patient; time summary = title: Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: a Statistical Analysis of Different Time-Delay Distributions in Belgian COVID-19 Patients Conclusions The time between symptom onset and hospitalization and between symptom onset and diagnosis are very similar, with median length between symptom onset and hospitalization ranging between 3 and 10.4 days, depending on the age of the patient and whether or not the patient lives in a nursing home. The time between symptom onset and hospitalization and between symptom onset and diagnosis are very similar, with median length between symptom onset and hospitalization ranging between 3 and 10.4 days, depending on the age of the patient and whether or not the patient lives in a nursing home. However, there are significant differences in the time between symptom onset and hospitalization between males and females, among different age groups, between living statuses (nursing home, general population or unknown) and between different reporting periods. doi = 10.1101/2020.07.18.20156307 id = cord-325963-d0hvukbu author = Faes, Christel title = Time between Symptom Onset, Hospitalisation and Recovery or Death: Statistical Analysis of Belgian COVID-19 Patients date = 2020-10-17 keywords = patient; time summary = The time between symptom onset and hospitalization or diagnosis are similar, with median length between symptom onset and hospitalization ranging between 3 and 10.4 days, depending on the age of the patient (longest delay in age group 20–60 years) and whether or not the patient lives in a nursing home (additional 2 days for patients from nursing home). The time from symptom onset to hospitalization is more than doubled in the working age (20-60 years) and ageing (60-80 years) population as compared to this young population (median close to 4 days and a delay of more than 6.7 days for a quarter of the patients). In Belgium, the mean time from symptom onset to hospitalization overall is 5.74 days, which is slightly longer as compared to the reported delay in other countries, but depending on the patient population, estimates range between 3 and 10.4 days in Belgium. doi = 10.3390/ijerph17207560 id = cord-340260-z13aa1wk author = Farewell, V. T. title = SARS incubation and quarantine times: when is an exposed individual known to be disease free? date = 2005-10-19 keywords = SARS; time summary = doi = 10.1002/sim.2206 id = cord-313777-eydkfqi2 author = Feng, Mingxiang title = Relative space-based GIS data model to analyze the group dynamics of moving objects date = 2019-05-15 keywords = Fig; GIS; object; relative; time summary = doi = 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.05.002 id = cord-010712-6idcbl66 author = Fennell, Peter G. title = Limitations of discrete-time approaches to continuous-time contagion dynamics date = 2016-11-16 keywords = discrete; time summary = Allen, in her work [33] , shows that discrete-time susceptible-infectedsusceptible (SIS) and susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) models can produce complex behavior such as period doubling and chaotic effects for sufficiently large values of the time step and/or contact rate. These deviations arise through both the transition probabilities, which are used in place of transition rates, as well as the parallel (synchronous) state changes in discrete-time systems that are uncharacteristic of continuous-time dynamics. We illustrate this with an example from the literature, also showing how synchronous updating simulation schemes can favour discrete-time formalisms leading to biased conclusions when comparing against continuous-time theories. In the next section, we fix the time step at t = 1 and show how the accuracy breaks down when the infection and recovery rates are too large, showing that discrete-time formalisms using this approach are limited in the ranges of the rate parameters that they can study and thus their ability to match continuoustime dynamics. doi = 10.1103/physreve.94.052125 id = cord-026513-3myuf5q2 author = Feo-Arenis, Sergio title = On Implementable Timed Automata date = 2020-05-13 keywords = time summary = In this work, we aim for the generation of distributed code from networks of timed automata with exactly one program per network component (and no other programs, in particular no implicit global scheduler), where all execution times are considered and modelled (including the selection of subsequent edges), and that comes with a comprehensible notion of correctness. For the timing aspect, we propose not to use platform clocks directly in, e.g., edge guards (see related work below) but to turn model clocks into program variables and to assume a "sleep" operation with absolute deadlines on the target platform (cf. For synchronisation transitions of the program, we use the assumption that the considered network of implementable timed automata does not depend on a global scheduler, in particular that send actions are never blocked, or, in other words, that whenever a component has a send edge locally enabled, then there is a receiving edge enabled on the same channel. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-50086-3_5 id = cord-290637-3tgtstd4 author = Ferranti, Erin P. title = Implementation of an educational program for nursing students amidst the Ebola virus disease epidemic date = 2016-12-31 keywords = EVD; Emory; time summary = Abstract Background The global Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic of 2014/2015 prompted faculty at Emory University to develop an educational program for nursing students to increase EVD knowledge and confidence and decrease concerns about exposure risk. Discussion Implementation of a JiTT educational program effectively achieved our goals to increase EVD knowledge, decrease fear, and enhance student confidence in the ability to discuss EVD risk. The pre-test survey consisted of three demographic questions, one item related to who they may have already provided any EVD information to, two questions related to the student''s confidence level providing education to others about EVD, one item asking if they felt they needed additional EVD training, 13 knowledge questions, two questions related to the student''s level of concern about their risk to EVD, and one question about attendance at recent campus educational programs about EVD. doi = 10.1016/j.outlook.2016.04.002 id = cord-268826-m3ikl4da author = Goh, Hoe-Han title = Ten simple rules for researchers while in isolation from a pandemic date = 2020-06-25 keywords = rule; time summary = doi = 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007946 id = cord-033473-z79bt8hp author = Grote, Gudela title = Uncertainty in Aging and Lifespan Research: Covid-19 as Catalyst for Addressing the Elephant in the Room date = 2020-09-28 keywords = future; time; uncertainty summary = Consistent with Griffin and Grote''s (in press) uncertainty regulation model, we consider that individuals may not always reduce uncertainty, but regulate uncertainty towards an optimal level, which contributes to fostering a more positive future time perspective as a crucial resource for successful aging. We then discuss future time perspective as a key component of self-regulatory processes in aging and position it within an uncertainty regulation framework. Especially in relation to future time perspective, we see endogenous uncertainty regulation at the center of intraindividual processes linked to individuals'' aging experience. In the final part of our commentary, we employ our proposed model to exemplarily (re)interpret research that touches on the age-uncertainty relationship and discuss how researchers could further examine uncertainty regulation in relation to individuals'' future time perspective. Studying the impact of such interventions would also allow to better understand the relationships between uncertainty regulation, future time perspective, and successful aging. doi = 10.1093/workar/waaa020 id = cord-027133-kiyix3qd author = Grzesik, Piotr title = Comparative Analysis of Time Series Databases in the Context of Edge Computing for Low Power Sensor Networks date = 2020-05-25 keywords = database; series; time summary = The research focuses on the performance comparison between three time-series databases: TimescaleDB, InfluxDB, Riak TS, as well as two relational databases, PostgreSQL and SQLite. Carried out experiments also proved that low-cost, single-board computers such as Raspberry Pi can be used as small-scale data aggregation nodes on edge device in low power wireless sensor networks, that often serve as a base for IoT-based smart systems. This paper aims to evaluate several time series databases in the context of using them in edge computing, low-cost, constrained device in form of Raspberry Pi that is processing data from environmental sensors. [17] focused on open source time-series databases, examined 83 different solutions during their research, and focused on the comparison of twelve selected databases, including InfluxDB, PostgreSQL and OpenTSDB among others. Thanks to the support for all SQL operations available in PostgreSQL, it can be used as a drop-in replacement of a traditional relational database, while also offering significant performance improvements for storing and processing time-series data. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-50426-7_28 id = cord-277909-rn1dow26 author = Gunson, R.N. title = Practical experience of high throughput real time PCR in the routine diagnostic virology setting date = 2006-02-07 keywords = PCR; assay; probe; time summary = In comparison to traditional gel-based PCR assays, real time PCR offers increased sensitivity and specificity in a rapid format (turn around time from sample receipt to result <5 h). Most of the published real time probe based PCR assays for viral diagnosis utilise either molecular beacons or dual labelled probes although more recent publications tend to favour the use of dual labelled probes. In real time PCR, the signal is detected early in the amplification process, and therefore the end-point variation seen in gel-based assays does not affect the result. Despite this we still perform an initial optimisation of both primer and probe concentrations to ensure we are running our real time PCR assays at their most sensitive and efficient. Some manufacturers are now producing real time reaction mixes specifically designed for use with multiplex assays, and provide guidelines on the optimal primer and probe concentrations to use. doi = 10.1016/j.jcv.2005.12.006 id = cord-102705-mcit0luk author = Gupta, Chitrak title = Mind reading of the proteins: Deep-learning to forecast molecular dynamics date = 2020-07-29 keywords = ADK; Fig; time summary = two types of data sets, the dynamic correlations within which pose significant challenge on existing machine-learning techniques for predicting the real-time nonlinear dynamics of proteins. In this intermediate-dimensional space, where the data distribution is densed highly correlated, we train state-of-the-art time sequence modeling techniques including recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with long short term memory (LSTMs) to predict the future state of the system (Fig. 1 ). We present two new data sets to introduce subtleties in the equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics from the perspective of time series forecasting. The assumption is incorrect, but still helps us set a realistic baseline for evaluating the performance of advanced machine learning techniques like LSTMs. Figures 6A,B (ADK) and 8A,B (SMD) show the RMSD distributions of static model for lead time steps 15 and 120, respectively. Protein dynamics was represented as a time-series data and was modeled through a recurrent neural network with LSTM cells in the hidden layer. doi = 10.1101/2020.07.28.225490 id = cord-033851-bxpmxvkk author = Harmon, Justin title = A Moment in Time: Leisure and the Manifestation of Purpose date = 2020-10-16 keywords = leisure; life; moment; time summary = In what follows, we explore the state of altered time through life during the Covid-19 pandemic and the moment "it all changed"; the death of George Floyd as the breaking point of public consciousness after centuries of injustice culminating in feelings of "enough"; and the moment when one recognizes their life is no longer lived as their own when there is a loss of control of one''s time through incarceration. In our intentional use of "excess" free time at home during Covid-19, in the justice movements we collectively try to develop through social protest, and in the routines we create for ourselves while in confinement, our decisions in the moment redirect us back to regimented patterns of behavior, that while familiar, if not necessarily potentially comfortable, can also be limiting in their predictability to our personal evolution. doi = 10.1007/s41978-020-00073-0 id = cord-308867-mrtf8l4f author = Heaney, Jude title = Chapter 6 Low-Density TaqMan® Array Cards for the Detection of Pathogens date = 2015-12-31 keywords = PCR; TAC; assay; figure; time summary = This chapter describes the development of TaqMan® Array Cards (TACs), technology which allows the detection of multiple pathogens (up to 48 targets) from a single nucleic acid extract, utilising small volumes and real-time PCR. All PCR-based assays, qualitative and quantitative, should meet Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments (MIQE) requirements as detailed in the literature (Bustin et al., 2010 (Bustin et al., , 2013 Johnson, Nour, Nolan, Huggett, & Bustin, 2014; Taylor, Wakem, Dijkman, Alsarraj, & Nguyen, 2010) and comply with the guidelines outlined for the development and validation of diagnostic tests that depend on nucleic acid amplification and detection (Saunders et al., 2013) . However, careful optimisation of TAC such as testing multiple targets for some pathogens within the card (see Figure 2 ), using efficient nucleic acid extraction methods (particularly for samples such as blood which may have a low yield of organism) and increasing the extraction volume (as well as the nucleic acid input volume), may all help to increase the sensitivity to that suitable for use in routine diagnostics laboratories (Diaz et al., 2013) . doi = 10.1016/bs.mim.2015.06.002 id = cord-335141-ag3j8obh author = Higgins, G.C. title = FFP3 reusable respirators for COVID-19; adequate and suitable in the healthcare setting date = 2020-06-30 keywords = COVID-19; Hand; Health; NHS; Sir; patient; plastic; study; surgeon; surgery; time summary = The British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons, the British Society for Surgery of the Hand and the Royal College of Surgeons of England, have all issued guidance: both encouraging patients to avoid risky pursuits, which could result in accidental injuries and to members how to prioritise and optimise services for trauma and urgent cancer work. We have adapted our Hand Trauma Service to a ''One Stop Hand Trauma and Therapy'' clinic, where patients are assessed, definitive surgery performed and offered immediate post-operative hand therapy where therapists make splint and give specialist advice on wound care and rehabilitation including an illustrated hand therapy guide. Local assessment of our practice is ongoing but we have found that this model has enabled a cohort of vulnerable plastic surgery trainees to successfully continue to work whilst reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19 and providing gold standard care for patients. doi = 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.06.002 id = cord-272923-5ekgb0zx author = Hjálmsdóttir, Andrea title = “I have turned into a foreman here at home.” Families and work‐life balance in times of Covid‐19 in a gender equality paradise. date = 2020-09-19 keywords = Iceland; family; home; time; work summary = In Iceland, as elsewhere, women work part-time jobs in higher numbers, and mothers reduce their labor participation following childbirth more often than do fathers (Gíslason & Símonardóttir, 2018) . In the following example, a mother of a 2-year-old working in mass media, who worked entirely from home as did her husband, described one of her days like this: "I''m a little anxious because of all this, the situation in society. This is in accordance with previous studies on gendered control of time among parents (Bryson, 2016; Friedman, 2015) and new research conducted during Covid-19 that indicate that unpaid work performed by mothers has increased during the pandemic (Craig & Churchill, 2020; Manzo & Minello, 2020) . One of the patterns identified in the reflections of the women in our study was how they seemed to be stunned by how uneven the division of labor turned out to be during the pandemic and how much time and energy they devoted to household chores and the management of the household, carrying out the mental work within the family. doi = 10.1111/gwao.12552 id = cord-339789-151d1j4n author = Hong, Hyokyoung G. title = Estimation of time-varying reproduction numbers underlying epidemiological processes: A new statistical tool for the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-07-21 keywords = SIR; time summary = doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0236464 id = cord-262594-kzt09vmf author = Huang, X. title = Time-series clustering for home dwell time during COVID-19: what can we learn from it? date = 2020-09-30 keywords = Atlanta; cluster; home; time summary = Taking Metro Atlanta as a study case, we perform a trend-driven analysis by conducting Kmeans time-series clustering using fine-grained home dwell time records from SafeGraph, and further assess the statistical significance of sixteen demographic/socioeconomic variables from five major categories. The objective of this study is to explore the capability of time-series clustering in categorizing fine-grained mobility records during the COVID-19 pandemic, and further investigate what demographic/socioeconomic variables differ among the categories with statistical significance. Taking advantage of the home dwell time at Census Block Group (CBG) level from the SafeGraph [17] , and using the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell metropolitan statistical area (MSA) (hereafter referred to as Metro Atlanta) as a study case, this study investigates the potential driving factors that lead to the disparity in the time-series of home dwell time during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing fundamental knowledge that benefits policy-making for better mitigation measures of future pandemics. doi = 10.1101/2020.09.27.20202671 id = cord-024494-i6puqauk author = Ienco, Dino title = Deep Multivariate Time Series Embedding Clustering via Attentive-Gated Autoencoder date = 2020-04-17 keywords = clustering; series; time summary = In this paper we propose a deep-learning based framework for clustering multivariate time series data with varying lengths. Our framework, namely DeTSEC (Deep Time Series Embedding Clustering), includes two stages: firstly a recurrent autoencoder exploits attention and gating mechanisms to produce a preliminary embedding representation; then, a clustering refinement stage is introduced to stretch the embedding manifold towards the corresponding clusters. In this work, we propose a new deep-learning based framework, namely DeT-SEC (Deep Time Series Embedding Clustering), to cope with multivariate timeseries clustering. In the first one, the GRU based autoencoder is exploited to summarize the time-series information and to produce the new vector embedding representation, obtained by forcing the network to reconstruct the original signal, that integrates the temporal behavior and the multi-dimensional information. In this paper we have presented DeTSEC, a deep learning based approach to cluster multivariate time series data of variable length. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-47426-3_25 id = cord-152028-c8xit4tf author = Javid, Alireza M. title = Predictive Analysis of COVID-19 Time-series Data from Johns Hopkins University date = 2020-05-07 keywords = ELM; time summary = As the number of training data for each country is limited, we use a single-layer neural network called the extreme learning machine (ELM) to avoid over-fitting. We report the average error percentage of ELM time-varying over the last 10 days of the time-series in Table II . We show the reported and estimated number of infection cases for Sweden by using ELM time-varying for different τ ''s in Figure 3 . We show the reported and estimated number of infection cases for Sweden by using ELM time-varying for different τ ''s in Figure 3 . We increase the prediction range τ in this subsection and we show the reported and estimated number of infection cases for Sweden by using ELM time-varying for τ = 1, 7, and 14 in Figure 5 . The proposed models currently use the only samples of the time-series data to predict the future number of cases. doi = nan id = cord-301537-uu2aykoy author = Johnston Largen, Kristin title = Two things can be true at once: Surviving Covid‐19 date = 2020-05-27 keywords = Christ; Christians; God; Greta; Lord; Luther; Lutheran; Supper; Word; church; human; life; time summary = One thing that must be addressed before reflecting on particular issue is to define worship from a theological perspective or, to use John Witvliet''s (2006) modes of liturgical discourse, in terms of "deep meaning and purpose." For Lutherans the primary theological understanding of worship is as a dialogue between God and humans, or as Luther says in his Torgau sermon, "where our dear [God] may speak to us through [the] holy Word and we respond to [God] through prayer and praise" (Luther, 1959, p. In the Lord''s Supper those are (a) "the social and concurrently naturalcultural moment" of shared eating and drinking; (b) the actualization of a "definitive communal relationship between God and humanity" taking place within a physical assembly; (c) convened by and "through the performative Word that has been addressed" to the assembly through bread and wine; (d) the whole action of which is empowered by the presence of the resurrected crucified Jesus (Bayer, pp. doi = 10.1111/dial.12571 id = cord-298563-346lwjr8 author = Kaplan, Edward H. title = Containing 2019-nCoV (Wuhan) coronavirus date = 2020-03-07 keywords = Wuhan; time summary = Given that a vaccine cannot be developed and deployed for at least a year, preventing further transmission relies upon standard principles of containment, two of which are the isolation of known cases and the quarantine of persons believed at high risk of exposure. Given that a vaccine cannot be developed and deployed for at least a year, preventing further transmission relies upon standard principles of containment, two of which are the isolation of known cases and the quarantine of persons believed at high risk of exposure (with the latter extended inside China to prevent travel to or from Wuhan, and globally via the cancellation of air travel to and from China). What follows are some probability models for assessing the effectiveness of case isolation of infected individuals and quarantine of exposed individuals within a community during the initial phase of an outbreak with illustrations based on early observations from Wuhan. doi = 10.1007/s10729-020-09504-6 id = cord-329388-defbarkz author = Keane, Martin G. title = Time (f)or Competency date = 2020-08-03 keywords = time; training summary = Linked with time spent in training, appropriately robust experience to develop expertise requires repeated exposure to and performance of tasks essential to the skill over that time-amounts of consults/evaluations, accumulation of procedures, numbers of echocardiograms. 1 Levels of training from most basic echocardiographic knowledge (level I) to most advanced knowledge suitable for an echocardiography lab director (level III) are clearly defined by duration of echo-specific training as well as specified numbers of procedures (transthoracic, transesophageal, and stress echocardiography) performed by the trainee. The document is unique in its greater focus on delineating strategies for the evaluation of competency, in addition to recommended numbers of advanced echo techniques and procedures performed. It recognized that the endorsed volumes for specific advanced echo techniques and procedural guidance to achieve level III have been developed by the expert committee consensus, in consultation with echocardiography training authorities across the country. doi = 10.1016/j.echo.2020.05.029 id = cord-346973-muemte3p author = Lai, Francisco Tsz Tsun title = Association between time from SARS-CoV-2 onset to case confirmation and time to recovery across sociodemographic strata in Singapore date = 2020-08-01 keywords = time summary = title: Association between time from SARS-CoV-2 onset to case confirmation and time to recovery across sociodemographic strata in Singapore 1 Nevertheless, seldom has any research examined the relationship between time from the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to case confirmation and time to recovery, as well as how this relationship varies across sociodemographic strata. The observed inverse relationship between time from onset to case confirmation and time to recovery is possibly due to a lower severity of the condition among patients with only mild symptoms, which took longer to arouse medical attention but eventually less time to treat. The increased complexities among male and older patients suggested in previous research 4 may explain the observed weaker negative association, because these patients may be more likely to develop severe symptoms regardless of the time from onset to case confirmation. doi = 10.1136/jech-2020-214516 id = cord-012349-wutnt8yk author = Lech, Karolina title = Investigation of metabolites for estimating blood deposition time date = 2017-08-05 keywords = biomarker; metabolite; time summary = In a proof-of-principle study, we previously introduced the concept of molecular trace deposition timing, i.e. to establish the day/night time when (not since) a biological sample was placed at the crime scene, by measuring two circadian hormones, melatonin and cortisol, in small amounts of blood and saliva, and demonstrated that the established rhythmic concentration pattern of both biomarkers can be observed in such forensic-type samples [9] . Recently, we identified various rhythmically expressed genes in the blood [10] and subsequently demonstrated the suitability of such messenger RNA (mRNA) biomarkers for blood trace deposition timing by establishing a statistical model based on melatonin, cortisol and three mRNA biomarkers for predicting three day/night time categories: morning/noon, afternoon/evening and night/early morning [11] . In this forensically motivated metabolomics study, 56 metabolite biomarkers exhibiting significant daily rhythms in concentration were identified in plasma and were further investigated for their suitability for estimating blood trace deposition time. doi = 10.1007/s00414-017-1638-y id = cord-342785-55r01n0x author = Lemmon, Gordon H title = Predicting the sensitivity and specificity of published real-time PCR assays date = 2008-09-25 keywords = PCR; sequence; signature; time summary = METHODS: We assessed the quality of a signature by predicting the number of true positive, false positive and false negative hits against all available public sequence data. This analysis must include the predicted false negative and false positive rates for the developed signatures, and consider all available public sequence data. A freely available real time PCR analysis tool called TaqSim [4] was used to find public sequences that would match the primer/probe assay in question. However, according to the genomic data available, a better match of primers and probes to target is possible and is usually desired for high sensitivity detection. Current real-time PCR assay design approaches produce signatures with sensitivities generally too low for clinical use. Fifty Seven TaqMan PCR primer/probe combinations we predict to have higher sensitivity/specificity than current published assays. Development of quantitative gene-specific real-time RT-PCR assays for the detection of measles virus in clinical specimens doi = 10.1186/1476-0711-7-18 id = cord-263620-9rvlnqxk author = Li, Zhi-Chun title = Fifty years of the bottleneck model: A bibliometric review and future research directions date = 2020-09-30 keywords = Arnott; Vickrey; bottleneck; congestion; model; time summary = These insights cover various aspects, such as behavioral analysis (e.g., the nature of shifting peak, inefficiency of unpriced equilibria, behavioral difference of heterogeneous commuters, connection between morning and evening commutes, effects of commuter scheduling preferences), demand management (e.g., congestion / emission / parking pricing and tradable credit schemes, relationship between bottleneck congestion tolling and urban structure), and supply management (e.g., bottleneck / parking capacity expansion). The travel behavior analysis mainly focuses on the analysis of the trip and/or activity scheduling behavior of travelers through building various travel choice behavior models, such as departure time / route / parking / mode choices, morning vs evening commutes, piecewise constant vs time-varying scheduling preferences, normal congestion vs hypercongestion, homogeneous vs heterogeneous users, individual vs household, deterministic vs stochastic situations, single vs multiple bottlenecks, and analytical approach vs DTA (dynamic traffic assignment) approach. These extensions include considerations of other travel choice dimensions (e.g., route / parking / mode choices), morning-evening commutes, time-varying scheduling preferences, vehicle physical length in queue and hypercongestion, heterogeneous users, household travel and carpooling, stochastic models and information, multiple bottlenecks, and DTA-approach bottlenecks. doi = 10.1016/j.trb.2020.06.009 id = cord-289372-bk348l32 author = Lin, Chung‐Ying title = Using an integrated social cognition model to predict COVID‐19 preventive behaviours date = 2020-08-11 keywords = Time; behaviour; covid-19; preventive summary = doi = 10.1111/bjhp.12465 id = cord-318727-93486y6e author = Magnusson, Amanda title = Population‐based study showed that necrotising enterocolitis occurred in space–time clusters with a decreasing secular trend in Sweden date = 2017-04-24 keywords = NEC; time summary = doi = 10.1111/apa.13851 id = cord-281330-x8e9cz8a author = Mishra, Devanshu title = Analysing the behaviour of doubling rates in 8 major countries affected by COVID-19 virus date = 2020-08-14 keywords = country; double; time summary = This study''s prime target is to develop relationships between the variation in the doubling time of the number of cases of COVID-19 virus and various socio-economic factors responsible for them. Thus, in the long term, these countries may observe a slight increase in the doubling rates and show an exploding number of cases [7] [8] [9] [10] .The measures taken by the governing bodies are also an essential factor in coronavirus''s behaviour in countries. The improvement in doubling time of several cases also displays the significance of governing bodies and transparent data in controlling the virus''s extent. As seen in figure 5 , the starting 15 days of the coronavirus spread show no improvement in the doubling time mostly due to the government light response and the country held nationwide parliamentary elections on 21st February. doi = 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.08.007 id = cord-121935-uilzmmxu author = Mo, Baichuan title = Modeling Epidemic Spreading through Public Transit using Time-Varying Encounter Network date = 2020-04-09 keywords = time summary = Instead, since the PT systems in many cities share the similar contact network structure despite the differences in urban structures, PT network layouts and individual mobility patterns (Qian et al., 2020) , this study aims to employ the smart card data and the PT network of Singapore as proximity to the universal PEN to better understand the general spatiotemporal dynamics of epidemic spreading over the PT system, and to evaluate the potential effects of various measures for epidemic prevention in the PT systems, especially from the PT operation angle. • Propose a PT system-based epidemic spreading model using the smart card data, where the timevarying contacts among passengers at an individual level are captured. • Evaluate various potential epidemic control policies from both public health side (e.g., reducing infectious rate) and transportation side (e.g., distributing departure time, closing bus routes) doi = nan id = cord-349548-loi1vs5y author = Mueller, Markus title = Using random testing in a feedback-control loop to manage a safe exit from the COVID-19 lockdown date = 2020-04-14 keywords = growth; rate; time summary = We argue that frequent sampling of the fraction of infected people (either by random testing or by analysis of sewage water), is central to managing the COVID-19 pandemic because it both measures in real time the key variable controlled by restrictive measures, and anticipates the load on the healthcare system due to progression of the disease. Here we suggest, irrespective of the size of a suitably homogeneous population, a conservative estimate of 15000 for the number of randomly tested people per day which will suffice to obtain reliable data about the current fraction of infections and its evolution in time, thus enabling close to real-time assessment of the quantitative effect of restrictive measures. In the absence of a substantial influx of infected people from outside the country, and provided infection numbers are below a critical value, the optimal target of the growth rate is k = 0, corresponding to a marginally stable state, where infections neither grow nor decrease exponentially with time. doi = 10.1101/2020.04.09.20059360 id = cord-026144-buctm04o author = Mullick, Shantanu title = Modeling the Costs of Trade Finance During the Financial Crisis of 2008–2009: An Application of Dynamic Hierarchical Linear Model date = 2020-05-18 keywords = finance; time; trade summary = The authors propose a dynamic hierarchical linear model (DHLM) to study the variations in the costs of trade finance over time and across countries in dynamic environments such as the global financial crisis of 2008–2009. The authors employ a DHLM to examine how the effects of four macroeconomic indicators – GDP growth, inflation, trade intensity and stock market capitalization on trade finance costs varied over a period of five years from 2006 to 2010 across 8 countries. A systematic study of the drivers of trade finance costs can be challenging: modeling the effects of these drivers in dynamic environments (e.g., a financial crisis) requires one to have a method that can account for non-stationarity, changes in parameters over time as well as account for cross-sectional heterogeneity [42] . Nonstationarity, time-varying parameters and cross-sectional heterogeneity render measurement and modeling of factors that impact the dependent variable of interest-in our case, cost of trade finance-challenging in dynamic environments (such as a financial crisis). doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-50146-4_47 id = cord-136421-hcj8jmbm author = Myers, Kyle R. title = Quantifying the Immediate Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Scientists date = 2020-05-22 keywords = Lasso; U.S.; figure; pandemic; time summary = Distributed in mid-April 2020, the survey solicited information about how scientists'' work changed from the onset of the pandemic, how their research output might be affected in the near future, and a wide range of individuals'' characteristics. Motivated by prior research on scientific productivity [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] , the survey solicited information about scientists'' working hours, how this time is allocated across different tasks, and how these time allocations have changed since the onset of the pandemic. To decompose these changes, we compare scientists'' reported time allocations across four broad categories of work: research (e.g., planning experiments, collecting or analyzing data, writing), fundraising (e.g., writing grant proposals), teaching, and all other tasks (e.g., administrative, editorial, or clinical duties). To untangle these factors, we use a Lasso regression approach to select amongst (1) a vector of field indicator variables, and (2) a vector of flexible transformations of demographic controls and pre-pandemic features (e.g., research funding level, time allocations before the pandemic). doi = nan id = cord-103781-bycskjtr author = Mönke, Gregor title = Optimal time frequency analysis for biological data - pyBOAT date = 2020-06-04 keywords = analysis; figure; frequency; signal; time; wavelet summary = With this challenge in mind, we have developed pyBOAT, a Python-based fully automatic stand-alone software that integrates multiple steps of non-stationary oscillatory time series analysis into an easy-to-use graphical user interface. Our approach integrates data-visualization, optimized sinc-filter detrending, amplitude envelope removal and a subsequent continuous-wavelet based time-frequency analysis. Computational methods that enable analysis of periods, amplitudes and phases of rhythmic time series data have been essential to unravel function and design principles of biological clocks (Lauschke et al. This allows to use a straightforward numerical method to estimate a lter response | w(ω)| 2 , i.e. applying the smoothing operation to simulated white noise and time averaging the Wavelet spectra. Continuous wavelet analysis allows to reveal non-stationary period, amplitude and phase dynamics and to identify multiple frequency components across dierent scales within a single oscillatory signal (Leise [2013] , Leise et al. doi = 10.1101/2020.04.29.067744 id = cord-301000-ozm5f5dy author = Naqvi, Zainab Batul title = A Wench’s Guide to Surviving a ‘Global’ Pandemic Crisis: Feminist Publishing in a Time of COVID-19 date = 2020-09-04 keywords = COVID-19; Global; black; feminist; time; work summary = doi = 10.1007/s10691-020-09435-1 id = cord-351940-cg0bewqb author = Ngwira, A. title = A snap shot of space and time dynamics of COVID-19 risk in Malawi. An application of spatial temporal model date = 2020-09-14 keywords = COVID-19; time summary = Semiparametric spatial temporal models were fitted to the number of weekly confirmed cases as an outcome data, with time and location as independent variables. A few studies that have used the statistical approach to spatial temporal analysis to my knowledge are Gayawan et al (2020) who used the Possion hurdle model to take into account excess zero counts of COVID-19 cases, Briz-Redon and Serrano Aroca (2020) who used the separable random effects model with structured and unstructured area and time effects, and Chen et al (2020) who used the inseparable spatial temporal model. Since the p-values of the correlation coefficients were more than 0.20, the significance level set to select potential covariates, the two covariates, population density and proportion of those with running water were dropped when fitting the spatial temporal models of the weekly confirmed cases of COVID-19. doi = 10.1101/2020.09.12.20192914 id = cord-353246-q9qpec7t author = Nijhuis, R. H. T. title = Comparison of ePlex Respiratory Pathogen Panel with Laboratory-Developed Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Respiratory Pathogens date = 2017-05-23 keywords = PCR; time summary = doi = 10.1128/jcm.00221-17 id = cord-219817-dqmztvo4 author = Oghaz, Toktam A. title = Probabilistic Model of Narratives Over Topical Trends in Social Media: A Discrete Time Model date = 2020-04-14 keywords = model; narrative; time; topic summary = Our proposed framework is designed as a probabilistic topic model, with categorical time distribution, followed by extractive text summarization. The shortage of labeled data for text analysis has encouraged researchers to develop novel unsupervised algorithms that consider co-occurrence of words in documents as well as emerging new techniques such as exploiting an additional source of information similar to Wikipedia knowledge-based topic models [37, 38] . We believe that what differentiates a narrative model 2 from topic analysis and summarization approaches is the ability to extract relevant sequences of text relative to the corresponding series of events associated with the same topic over time. Finally, we demonstrate that our proposed model discovers time localized topics over events that approximates the distribution of user activities on social media platforms. Our focus in the present work is on probabilistic topic modeling and extractive text summarization to provide descriptive narratives for the underlying events that occurred over a period of time. doi = nan id = cord-123103-pnjt9aa4 author = Ordun, Catherine title = Exploratory Analysis of Covid-19 Tweets using Topic Modeling, UMAP, and DiGraphs date = 2020-05-06 keywords = Covid19; March; Twitter; time; topic summary = Our contributions are applying machine learning methods not previously analyzed on Covid19 Twitter data, mainly Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to visualize LDA generated topics and directed graph visualizations of Covid19 retweet cascades. We then visualized "retweet cascades", which describes how a social media network propagates information [23] , through the use of graph models to understand how dense networks become over time and which users dominate the Covid19 conversations. The paper begins with Data Collection, followed by the five stages of our analysis: Keyword Trend Analysis, Topic Modeling, UMAP, Time-to-Retweet Analysis, and Network Analysis. Chinese social media may not represent similar behaviors with American Twitter and this analysis does not take into account multiple factors that imply retweeting behavior to include the context, the user''s position, and the time the tweet was posted [44] . doi = nan id = cord-269197-o9xb30vx author = Osserman, Jordan title = Waiting for other people: a psychoanalytic interpretation of the time for action date = 2020-06-10 keywords = COVID-19; NHS; big; time summary = Similarly, when coronavirus forces us to confront the brute fact of the lack in the Other at the socio-political level, we have the opportunity to discover a space for acting rather than continuing symptomatic behaviour that increasingly fails to work. From Boris Johnson boasting that he was shaking hands with COVID-19 patients before contracting the virus (The Guardian, 2020); to the government denying that it promoted ''herd immunity'' (Walker, 2020) ; to cabinet ministers openly contradicting WHO guidance in order to obscure the government''s failure to procure adequate testing, hospital equipment, and PPE (ITV News, 2020) -it has become clear that there no longer exists a stable authority upon whose pronouncements we can rely (see especially recent exposes in the Guardian [Conn et al., 2020] and Sunday Times [Calvert et al., 2020] ). In both cases, however, different kinds of suspended time produce an opportunity for the subject to consider her own agency in relation to the lack in the big Other. doi = 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15959.1 id = cord-005687-gj6q0ft0 author = Paiva, José-Artur title = Real -time PCR for early microbiological diagnosis: is it time? date = 2017-05-23 keywords = PCR; time summary = Two recent studies have shown that matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry following isolation from clinical specimens coupled with antimicrobial stewardship programme (AST) intervention decreases time to organism identification and to effective and optimal antibiotic therapy in adult [2] and pediatric patients with BSI [3] . In a retrospective case-control study in adult ICU patients with pneumonia and severe sepsis or septic shock, a strategy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cultures plus BAL M-PCR led to higher microbiological yield and less time to antibiotic therapy modification compared to a BAL culture strategy (32.40 ± 14.41 vs. Recently, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies with measurable outcomes to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of different rapid diagnostic practices in decreasing time to targeted therapy for hospitalized patients with BSI [1] . doi = 10.1007/s00134-017-4793-1 id = cord-026550-h7360j3q author = Pianini, Danilo title = Time-Fluid Field-Based Coordination date = 2020-05-13 keywords = computation; coordination; field; time summary = In practice, we assume computations are not driven by time-based rounds, but by perceivable local event triggers provided by the platform (hardware/software stack) executing the aggregate program, such as messages received, change in sensor values, and time passing by. First, the proposed model enriches the coordination abstraction of field-based coordination with the possibility to explicitly and possibly reactively program the scheduling of the coordination actions; second, it enables a functional description of causality and observability, since manipulation of the interaction frequency among single components of the coordinated system reflects in changes in how causal events are perceived, and actions are taken in response to event triggers; third, the most immediate practical implication of a time-fluid coordination when compared to a traditional time-driven approach is improved efficiency, intended as improved responsiveness with the same resource cost. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-50029-0_13 id = cord-030335-esa9154w author = Pinzón, Carlos title = Algorithmic Analysis of Blockchain Efficiency with Communication Delay date = 2020-03-13 keywords = algorithm; blockchain; time; worker summary = First, a random network model is introduced (in the spirit of, e.g., and Erdös-Renyi [9] ) for specifying blockchains in terms of the speed of block production and communication delays for synchronization among workers. The algorithms are used to estimate the proportion of valid blocks that are produced during a fixed number of growth steps, based on the network model introduced in Section 3, for blockchains with fixed and unbounded number of workers. In general, although presented in this section for the specific purpose of measuring blockchain efficiency, these algorithms can be easily adapted to compute other metrics of interest, such as the speed of growth of the longest branch, the relation between confirmations of a block and the probability of being valid in the long term, or the average length of forks. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-45234-6_20 id = cord-168862-3tj63eve author = Porter, Mason A. title = Nonlinearity + Networks: A 2020 Vision date = 2019-11-09 keywords = Kuramoto; edge; model; network; node; time summary = doi = nan id = cord-327396-lshp0u5w author = Radoykov, S. title = In times of crisis, anticipate mourning date = 2020-04-02 keywords = time summary = authors: Radoykov, S. title: In times of crisis, anticipate mourning In times of crisis, anticipate mourning. Given the improvements in medical care in the last century, some patients are indeed saved every day. With over 100,000 deaths worldwide [1], many people are now grieving loved ones. Grief is a process that has evolved over centuries to help humankind overcome anxiety around death and dying. Careful planning and attention should therefore be devoted to supporting patients and families in these challenging times and arranging for some form of last human contact, either in person or via remote technology. People deserve the right to actively engage in the death process of their closest loved ones, to participate in the mortu-ary rituals, and to know where their loved one''s body is located or buried. They will need time and the possibility to recognize, validate and share their own feelings of sadness, fear and helplessness. Hôpital Cochin, 89, rue d''Assas, 75006 Paris, France E-mail address: dr@radoykov doi = 10.1016/j.encep.2020.03.002 id = cord-324006-y4bd38zz author = Rishu, Asgar H. title = Time required to initiate outbreak and pandemic observational research()() date = 2017-03-01 keywords = REB; study; time summary = MATERIALS AND METHODS: At 1 pediatric and 5 adult intensive care units, we measured durations from protocol receipt to a variety of outbreak research milestones, including research ethics board (REB) approval, data sharing agreement (DSA) execution, and patient study screening initiation. Severe acute respiratory syndrome [5] ; pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009-2010 [6] ; and, more recently, Ebola virus [7] , MERS-CoV [8] , and Zika virus have been characterized by challenges initiating observational research and a near inability to rapidly undertake interventional trials necessary to inform best practice and improve care of patients [9] [10] [11] . However, conducting studies and trials involves time-consuming start-up steps such as development of study protocol, establishing a budget and obtaining funding, research ethics board (REB) approval, organizing multisite collaboration, and data sharing agreements. doi = 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.02.009 id = cord-281177-2eycqf8o author = Robertson, Colin title = Review of methods for space–time disease surveillance date = 2010-02-20 keywords = disease; space; spatial; surveillance; time summary = doi = 10.1016/j.sste.2009.12.001 id = cord-292850-6mf4jmqp author = Rosen, Claire B. title = COVID-19 Moves Medicine into a Virtual Space: A Paradigm Shift From Touch to Talk to Establish Trust date = 2020-05-20 keywords = time summary = In a world where online dating dominates the singles scene and video chatting with licensed therapists allows patients critical access to mental health care, surgeons should believe that their ability to establish a relationship based on trust does not require physical contact. Shouldn''t it be possible for a surgeon to inspire her patients to believe in her ability during virtual visits where she faces the patient, his caregivers, and the electronic health record simultaneously? Prior to the COVID pandemic, with diminishing reimbursements and the advent of the electronic health record, physicians were already spending less face-to-face time with patients in favor of more face-to-screen time. 3 Telehealth dramatically reduces the time and economic burden of routine medical care 2, 4 and, in times of contagion, eliminates the risk of transmission of infectious diseases in overcrowded waiting Patient preference for time-saving telehealth postoperative visits after routine surgery in an urban setting doi = 10.1097/sla.0000000000004098 id = cord-223560-ppu6idl2 author = Russo, Daniel title = Predictors of Well-being and Productivity among Software Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic -- A Longitudinal Study date = 2020-07-24 keywords = covid-19; people; productivity; time; variable; work summary = Results include (1) the quality of social contacts predicted positively, and stress predicted an individual''s well-being negatively when controlling for other variables consistently across both waves; (2) boredom and distractions predicted productivity negatively; (3) productivity was less strongly associated with all predictor variables at time two compared to time one, suggesting that software engineers adapted to the lockdown situation over time; and (4) the longitudinal study did not provide evidence that any predictor variable causal explained variance in well-being and productivity. Therefore, there is a compelling need for longitudinal applied research that draws on theories and findings from various scientific fields to identify variables that uniquely predict the well-being and productivity of software professionals during the 2020 quarantine, for both the current and potential future lockdowns. Second, this approach simultaneously allows us to test whether models developed in an organizational context such as the two-factor theory [48] can also predict people''s well-being in general and whether variables that were associated with well-being for people being quarantined also explain productivity. doi = nan id = cord-285484-owpnhplk author = Salfi, F. title = Changes of evening exposure to electronic devices during the COVID-19 lockdown affect the time course of sleep disturbances date = 2020-10-21 keywords = COVID-19; sleep; time summary = We investigated the relationship between the changes in evening screen exposure and the time course of sleep disturbances during the home confinement period due to COVID-19. Results: Participants who increased electronic device usage showed decreased sleep quality, exacerbated insomnia symptoms, reduced sleep duration, higher sleep onset latency, and delayed bedtime and rising time. 33, 34 Based on this evidence, the present study aimed to shed light on the relationship between the longitudinal changes of sleep disturbances between the third and the seventh week of home confinement in Italy and the retrospectively reported modifications of the exposure to electronic devices before falling asleep during the same lockdown period. In the present study, we showed a strong relationship between the changes in evening screen exposure and the time course of sleep parameters during the COVID-19 lockdown. doi = 10.1101/2020.10.20.20215756 id = cord-030957-45tc5ksf author = Schaap, Andrew title = The politics of precarity date = 2020-08-28 keywords = Apostolidis; Fight; Time; day; politic; precarity; social; work; worker summary = In the final chapters, Apostolidis explores how worker centres might also function synecdochally insofar as the purpose of association is construed not only instrumentally, as protection against the risks associated with precarity, but in terms of their constitutive potential to sustain convivial networks of political possibility for more mutually supportive, creative and pluralistic forms of solidarity than those afforded by traditional unionised spaces. Paul Apostolidis'' book The Fight for Time encapsulates a very similar kind of intellectual-political project as it also seeks to capture the self-understandings of migrant day labourers in their everyday struggles, to reflect on how they resonate with contemporary critical theoretical concepts and to learn how, taken together, these empirical and conceptual insights may lead us to a renewed vision of what a left politics might look like for our age. doi = 10.1057/s41296-020-00435-z id = cord-347550-ai48wq61 author = Sheridan, Gerard A. title = Pandemic Adaptive Measures in a Major Trauma Center: Coping With COVID-19 date = 2020-05-20 keywords = time summary = doi = 10.1097/pts.0000000000000729 id = cord-321966-q0if8li9 author = Simpson, Ryan B. title = An analecta of visualizations for foodborne illness trends and seasonality date = 2020-10-13 keywords = Fast; Fig; disease; rate; time summary = doi = 10.1038/s41597-020-00677-x id = cord-348584-j3r2veou author = Sipetas, Charalampos title = Estimation of left behind subway passengers through archived data and video image processing date = 2020-07-30 keywords = number; passenger; time; train summary = Image processing and object detection software was used to count the number of passengers that were left behind on station platforms from surveillance video feeds. By comparing this data against manual observations of the times that train doors open and close in the station, a linear regression model is estimated to predict dwell time from the train tracking records, as described in Section 5.1. To test the implementation of object detection with video in transit stations, a first step is to identify locations and times to collect video feeds as well as direct manual observations of left-behind passengers. Transportation Research Part C 118 (2020) 102727 shows a clear relationship between the video counts and passengers being left behind on station platforms, so there is potential to use the video feed as an explanatory variable in a model to estimate the likelihood of passengers being unable to board a train. doi = 10.1016/j.trc.2020.102727 id = cord-271810-7uzk4pi9 author = Soriano, Joan B. title = Humanistic Epidemiology: Love in the time of cholera, COVID-19 and other outbreaks date = 2020-04-25 keywords = COVID-19; time summary = To date, I have seen residents choosing to stay longer after finishing a 24-h duty to try and save one more critically ill patient; auxiliary nurses improvising aprons and boots with trash bags, who, on finally receiving their space suits, posed for posterity like a football team, always with a ready smile (Fig. 1) ; residents in Neurology, Immunology or Pathology becoming Chest Medicine residents; medical students volunteering to learn the practicalities of lung mechanics and gas exchange; a Department Head creating a blog aimed at praising individuals for outstanding bravery and commitment; or I have been privileged to lead a small Think Tank including nurses, doctors, physicists, engineers and other friends who from Saturday March 14 have met on a daily basis to brainstorm initiatives by videoconference at 7 am, just before seeing patients or awakening their families. doi = 10.1007/s10654-020-00639-y id = cord-214822-pfx1eh5b author = Sotolongo-Costa, Oscar title = A fractal viewpoint to COVID-19 infection date = 2020-07-14 keywords = Brazil; time summary = The temporal evolution of contagion over different countries and worldwide brings up a common dynamic characteristic, in particular, its fast rise to reach a maximum followed by a slow decrease (incidentally, very similar to other epidemic processes) suggesting some kind of relaxation process, which we try to deal with, since relaxation is, essentially, a process where the parameters characterizing a system are altered, followed by a tendency to equilibrium values. In this case there is, apart from the change of propagation and development conditions, the possibility for a given country that does not satisfies condition (8), to reach "herd immunity", i.e., when the number of contagions has reached about 60% of population, in which case we may calculate the time to reach such state using (4), assuming t 0 = 0: In Table I we present the relevant fitting parameters, including herd immunity time, T hi and T 1000 , the time to reach a rate of 1000 infections daily. doi = nan id = cord-188465-wwi8uydi author = Spadon, Gabriel title = Pay Attention to Evolution: Time Series Forecasting with Deep Graph-Evolution Learning date = 2020-08-28 keywords = Evolution; GSE; REGENN; time summary = Definition ω ∈ N + Sliding window size w, z ∈ N + Number of training and testing (i.e., stride) timestamps s, t, v ∈ N + Number of samples, timestamps, and variables T ∈ R s×t×v Tensor of multiple multivariate time-series Y ∈ R s×ω×v Batched input of the first GSE and the Autoregression layers Yα ∈ R s×ω×v Output of the first GSE and input of the encoder layers Yε ∈ R s×ω×v Output of the encoder and input of the decoder layers Yε ∈ R s×z×v Output from the first recurrent unit and input to the second one Y ∈ R s×z×v Output of the second recurrent unit and input of the second GSE layer Y ψ ∈ R s×z×v Non-linear output yielded by the second GSE layer Y λ ∈ R s×z×v Linear output provided by the Autoregression layer Y ∈ R s×z×v Final result from the merging of the linear and non-linear outputs G = V, E Graph in which V is the set of nodes and E the set of edges A ∈ R v×v Adjacency matrix of co-occurring variables Aµ ∈ R v×v Adjacency matrix shared between GSE layers A φ ∈ R v×v Evolved adjacency matrix produced by the second GSE layer U • V Batch-wise Hadamard product between matrices U and V U · V Batch-wise scalar product between matrices U and V · F doi = nan id = cord-204835-1yay69kq author = Sun, Chenxi title = A Review of Deep Learning Methods for Irregularly Sampled Medical Time Series Data date = 2020-10-23 keywords = ISMTS; RNN; datum; series; time summary = title: A Review of Deep Learning Methods for Irregularly Sampled Medical Time Series Data Irregularly sampled time series (ISTS) data has irregular temporal intervals between observations and different sampling rates between sequences. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) [25, 26, 27] , auto-encoder (AE) [28, 29] and generative adversarial networks (GANs) [30, 31] have achieved good performance in medical data imputation and medical prediction thanks to their abilities of learning and generalization obtained by complex nonlinearity. End-to-end approaches process the downstream tasks directly based on modeling the time series with missing data. According to the analysis of technologies and experiment results, in this section, we will discuss ISMTS modeling task from three perspectives -1) imputation task with prediction task, 2) intra-series relation with inter-series relation / local structure with global structure and 3) missing data with raw data. Thus, of particular interest are irregularity-based methods that can learn directly by using multivariate sparse and irregularly sampled time series as input without the need for other imputation. doi = nan id = cord-299048-92j3p8e5 author = Suomi, Aino title = Unemployment, Employability and COVID19: How the Global Socioeconomic Shock Challenged Negative Perceptions Toward the Less Fortunate in the Australian Context date = 2020-10-15 keywords = COVID19; Schofield; time; unemployed summary = We hypothesize that, at Time 1 (pre-COVID19 assessment) we will find that employed characters will be rated more favorably than characters described as unemployed and receiving unemployment benefits, particularly on dimensions of Conscientiousness, Worker and Boss suitability. Given previous evidence that the differences between employed and unemployed/welfare conditions is robust and large for Conscientiousness and Worker suitability (Schofield and Butterworth, 2018b) , the current study is also adequately powered to detect the most replicable effects of unemployment and welfare on perceptions of a person''s character (even in the absence of the hypothesized interaction effect). The pre-COVID19 assessment replicated our previous findings (e.g., Schofield and Butterworth, 2018b) showing that employed characters are perceived more favorably than those who were unemployed and receiving government benefits on measures of Conscientiousness and suitability as a worker. doi = 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.594837 id = cord-289498-6hf3axps author = Tull, Matthew T. title = The Prospective Influence of COVID-19 Affective Risk Assessments and Intolerance of Uncertainty on Later Dimensions of Health Anxiety date = 2020-08-12 keywords = Anxiety; COVID-19; Time; intolerance summary = This study examined the unique and interactive relations of COVID-19 affective risk assessments (worry about risk for contracting/dying from COVID-19) and intolerance of uncertainty to later health anxiety dimensions. The latter finding was qualified by a significant interaction, such that affective risk assessments were positively associated with anticipated negative consequences of having an illness only among participants with mean and low levels of intolerance of uncertainty. This study sought to examine the unique and interactive prospective relations of COVID-19 affective risk assessments (i.e., worry about risk for contracting or dying from and intolerance of uncertainty to health anxiety one month later. At high levels of intolerance of uncertainty, no significant association was found between COVID-19 affective risk assessments and health anxiety. Specifically, our findings demonstrate that COVID-19 affective risk assessments and intolerance of uncertainty are uniquely associated with various dimensions of health anxiety one month later. doi = 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102290 id = cord-027134-1k6oegu4 author = Turky, Ayad title = Deep Learning Assisted Memetic Algorithm for Shortest Route Problems date = 2020-05-25 keywords = time summary = One relevant approach is the recent use of evolutionary algorithms in other domains to work along with deep learning models for effective feature extraction and selection [18] [19] [20] [21] . In particular we design a customized memetic algorithm to find shortest route based on the predicted travel time from the earlier stage. -Development of a deep learning method to predict the travel time between a origin-destination pair. In this paper, we propose a deep learning assisted memetic algorithm to solve the shortest route problems. The prediction stage is responsible to predict the travel times between a pair of origin and destination along the given route by using deep learning. This justifies the benefit of using deep learning approach to predict the travel time and the proposed memetic algorithm to exploit the current search space around the given solution. In this study, we proposed a novel two-stage approach for finding the shortest route under dynamic environment where travel time changes. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-50426-7_9 id = cord-010758-ggoyd531 author = Valdano, Eugenio title = Epidemic Threshold in Continuous-Time Evolving Networks date = 2018-02-06 keywords = network; time summary = A vast array of theoretical results characterize the epidemic threshold [14] , mainly under the limiting assumptions of quenched and annealed networks [4, [15] [16] [17] [18] , i.e., when the time scale of the network evolution is much slower or much faster, respectively, than the dynamical process. Departing from traditional approximations, few novel approaches are now available that derive the epidemic threshold constrained to specific contexts of generative models of temporal networks [22, 32, 35, [38] [39] [40] [41] or considering generic discrete-time evolving contact patterns [42] [43] [44] . Our approach yields a solution for the threshold of epidemics spreading on generic continuously evolving networks, and a closed form under a specific condition that is then validated through numerical simulations. By mapping the system into a multilayer structure encoding both network evolution and diffusion dynamics, the infection propagator approach derives the epidemic threshold as the solution of the equation ρ½PðT step Þ ¼ 1 [43, 44] , where ρ is the spectral radius of the following matrix: doi = 10.1103/physrevlett.120.068302 id = cord-257813-2ij3fkrh author = Walsh, Froma title = Loss and Resilience in the Time of COVID‐19: Meaning Making, Hope, and Transcendence date = 2020-07-17 keywords = Walsh; family; life; loss; time summary = Applying a family resilience framework to pandemic‐related losses, discussion focuses on the importance of shared belief systems in (1) meaning‐making processes; (2) a positive, hopeful outlook and active agency; and (3) transcendent values and spiritual moorings for inspiration, transformation, and positive growth. A resilience-oriented approach with loss (a) contextualizes the distress; (b) attends to the challenges, suffering, and struggles of families, and (c) strengthens relational processes that support coping, adaptation, and growth. Family resilience is fostered by shared beliefs (1) to make meaning of the crisis and challenges; (2) to (re)gain a positive, hopeful outlook that supports active agency, and (3) for transcendence: to rise above suffering and hardship through larger values, spiritual beliefs and practices, and experiencing transformations in new priorities, a sense of purpose, and deeper bonds. In families, meaning-making processes involve shared attempts to make sense of the loss, put it in perspective to make it more bearable, and, over time, integrate it into personal and relational life passage (Nadeau, 2008) . doi = 10.1111/famp.12588 id = cord-289389-xailjga5 author = Wang, Xiaoli title = Comparing early outbreak detection algorithms based on their optimized parameter values date = 2009-08-13 keywords = time summary = BACKGROUND: Many researchers have evaluated the performance of outbreak detection algorithms with recommended parameter values. METHODS: Based on reported case counts of bacillary dysentery from 2005 to 2007 in Beijing, semi-synthetic datasets containing outbreak signals were simulated to evaluate the performance of five outbreak detection algorithms. We compared the performance of five outbreak detection algorithms, the exponential weighted moving average (EWMA), C1-MILD (C1), C2-MEDIUM (C2), C3-ULTRA (C3) and the spacetime permutation scan statistic model. The correlation coefficients between the three evaluation indices (sensitivity, specificity and time to detection) and parameter values were calculated. All algorithms showed strong relation between the evaluation indices and the parameter'' values, except space-time permutation scan statistic. In our study we found that space-time permutation scan statistics and the EWMA outperformed other algorithms both in terms of timeliness and accuracy for detecting bacillary dysentery outbreaks. doi = 10.1016/j.jbi.2009.08.003 id = cord-035127-we3lmrps author = Yoo, Geunsik title = Real-time information on air pollution and avoidance behavior: evidence from South Korea date = 2020-11-10 keywords = real; time summary = Using data on attendance at professional baseball games in South Korea, this study investigates whether real-time information on particulate matter affects individuals'' decisions to participate in outdoor activities. Regression models that include various fixed effects are used for the analysis, with the results showing that real-time alerts reduce the number of baseball game spectators by 7%, and that the size of the effect is not statistically different from that of air pollution forecasts. Therefore, this study analyzes whether realtime information about air pollution triggers avoidance behavior, based on data about air pollution levels and baseball game attendance in South Korea from 2012 to 2016. Given that the typical avoidance behavior in response to air pollution is to reduce one''s outdoor activities, the reaction to real-time PM10 information is measured using the change in attendance at professional baseball games. doi = 10.1007/s11111-020-00368-0 id = cord-270818-hi4rkp9l author = Zhang, Shu-Ning title = A study on China''s time-honored catering brands: Achieving new inheritance of traditional brands date = 2021-01-31 keywords = brand; customer; experience; time; wom summary = Our research not only addresses urgent issues, providing a theoretical path for the brand inheritance of time-honored catering brands and clarifying the specific role of the influencing factors, but also expands consumer behavior theory (Liu and Jang, 2009) , brand management theory (Hyun, 2009 ) and cultural theory (Arnould and Thompson, 2005) . (3) Although some scholars have paid attention to the impact of traditional catering on customer experience from a cross-cultural perspective or the perspective of innovation (Huang, 2017; Koh et al., 2009) , fewer studies have answered whether cultural factors and creativity can improve customers'' cognitive attitudes and behaviors regarding catering time-honored brands. In the background of time-honored catering brands, the process of customers'' cognition (brand experience), attitude (brand identification) and behavior (WOM) may be affected by cultural proximity. This study highlights the positive effects of cognition (brand experience) and affection (identification) on customers'' WOM in the context of time-honored catering brands. doi = 10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102290 id = cord-132843-ilxt4b6g author = Zhao, Liang title = Event Prediction in the Big Data Era: A Systematic Survey date = 2020-07-19 keywords = base; event; future; location; method; model; prediction; time summary = Based on large amounts of data on historical events and their potential precursors, event prediction methods typically strive to apply predictive mapping to build on these observations to predict future events, utilizing predictive analysis techniques from domains such as machine learning, data mining, pattern recognition, statistics, and other computational models [16, 26, 92] . Event prediction methods usually need to predict multiple facets of events including their time, location, topic, intensity, and duration, each of which may utilize a different data structure [171] . Existing event prediction methods are categorized according to their event aspects (time, location, and semantics), problem formulation, and corresponding techniques to create the taxonomy of a generic framework. The second step is to identify events in the predicted future time seriesx using either unsupervised methods such as burstness detection [31] and change detection [109] , or supervised techniques based on learning event characterization function. doi = nan id = cord-006226-fn7zlutj author = nan title = Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date = 1994 keywords = ASA; HPLC; PGE1; blood; concentration; cost; dose; drug; effect; increase; mmc; patient; result; study; time summary = The following were analysed: heart rate (HR, bpm), pre-ejection time (PEP, ms), ejection time (VET, ms), HR-corrected electromechanical systole (QS2c, ms), impedance-cardiographic estimates of stroke volume (SV, ml), cardiac output (CO, I/min) and peripheral resistance (TPR, dyn.s.cm -5) calculated from CO and mean blood pressure (SBP and DBP according to auscultatory Korotkoff-I and -IV sounds This indicates that 1) about half the rise of HR and CO and half the shortening of PEP is 131-respectively 1~2-determined, 2) that predominant 132-adrenergic responses, whilst not affecting VET, take optimal benefit from the inodilatory enhancement of pump performance, 3) that an additional 131-adrenergic stimulation is proportionally less efficient, as VET is dramatically shortened, thus blunting the gain in SV so that the rise in CO relies substantially on the amplified increase of HR and 4), VET is more sensitive than QS2c in expressing additional 131-adrenoceptor agonism and 5) prime systolic time intervals provide a less speculative and physiologically more meaningful represenation of cardiac pump dynamics than HR-corrected ones. doi = 10.1007/bf00193489 id = cord-006849-vgjz74ts author = nan title = 27th International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) Sevilla, Spain, 12–15 June 2019 date = 2019-09-13 keywords = BMI; December; ERCP; Endosc; GERD; Hospital; ICG; January; Japan; MRI; Medical; Nissen; November; TME; University; aim; approach; cancer; case; complication; conclusion; day; gastric; group; hernia; laparoscopic; method; patient; perform; postoperative; procedure; resection; result; robotic; roux; study; surgery; surgical; time; treatment; year summary = Methods: We are performing this procedures within a prospective randomized trial that is design to compare the long term results of LRYGB-B versus the standard laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The video shows our technique in a case of a 46 years old female with a BMI of 46 Kg/m2. Material and methods: We present a video of the surgical intervention of a 32-year-old patient, with functional dyspepsia, with a casual diagnosis of a pseudocystic mass of the right colon after performing a CT scan: giant diverticulum of the hepatic colon angle with fecaloid content inside it under tension The patient goes to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain, pending colonoscopy, antibiotic treatment is established, and a laparoscopic approach is decided upon after the patient''s evolution. Method: We present the case of a 65-year-old patient with surgical antecedent of laparoscopic low anterior resection due to rectal cancer, presenting in postoperative period an anastomosis leakage with severe peritonitis was identified and a laparotomy with end colostomy was performed. doi = 10.1007/s00464-019-07109-x id = cord-006854-o2e5na78 author = nan title = Scientific Session of the 16th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery, Jointly Hosted by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) & Canadian Association of General Surgeons (CAGS), Seattle, Washington, USA, 11–14 April 2018: Poster Abstracts date = 2018-04-20 keywords = BMI; CBD; Center; ERCP; FLS; GERD; Hospital; ICG; January; LOS; LSG; Medical; RYGB; SILS; University; case; complication; conclusion; follow; gastric; group; hernia; introduction; laparoscopic; method; operative; outcome; patient; postoperative; procedure; rate; report; result; robotic; roux; study; surgeon; surgery; surgical; time summary = Totally Laparoscopic ALPPS Combined with the Microwave Ablation for a Patient with a Huge HCC Hua Zhang; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Introduction: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel technique for resecting hepatic tumors that were previously considered unresectable due to the insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) which may result in postoperative liver failure (PLF). Not only does this case show that a large epiphrenic diverticulm can be successfully resected via the trans-abdominal laparoscopic approach, this case makes the argument that patients undergoing any minimally-invasive epiphrenic diverticulectomy and myotomy, with or without fundoplication, may be successfully managed with early post-operative contrast studies and dietary advancement, thus decreasing their length of hospitalization and overall cost of treatment. Introduction: There are reports of increased operative duration, blood loss and postoperative morbidity, caused by difficulties in obtaining good visualization and in controlling bleeding when laparoscopic resection is performed in obese patients with colon cancer. doi = 10.1007/s00464-018-6121-4 id = cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author = nan title = 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date = 1996 keywords = ADP; APC; APTT; DVT; ELISA; FXII; Germany; HUVEC; INR; LMWH; Leiden; PAI; PCR; STA; TEG; VIII; activity; blood; cell; dna; factor; hat; heparin; high; increase; level; patient; plasma; platelet; protein; result; study; time summary = Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. doi = 10.1007/bf00641048 id = cord-006870-f5w6fw6q author = nan title = Abstracts Presented at the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) 15th Annual Meeting date = 2017-09-19 keywords = AED; CSF; Care; DCI; EEG; EVD; GCS; Glasgow; ICH; ICP; ICU; IQR; January; LOS; MAP; MRI; NCCU; NIHSS; SAH; SDH; SRSE; Scale; TBI; VTE; brain; day; high; outcome; patient; stroke; study; time summary = Subjective perceptions of recovery were assessed via responses to the forced-choice dichotomized question, "Do you feel that you have made a complete recovery from the arrest?"Objective outcome measures of recovery included: Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Modified Lawton Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (L-ADL), Barthel Index (BI), Cerebral Performance Category Scale (CPC), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), and Post traumatic stress disorder-checklist (PTSD-C). Utilizing data from the Citicoline Brain Injury Treatment (COBRIT) trial, a prospective multicenter study, we identified 224 patients who met the inclusion criteria; 1) placement of an ICP monitoring device, 2) Glasgow coma score (GCS) less than 9, 3) EVD placement prior to arrival or within 6 hours of arrival at the study institution. The objective of this study was to examine the incidence rates of pre-specified medical and neurological ICU complications, and their impact on post-traumatic in-hospital mortality and 12month functional outcomes. doi = 10.1007/s12028-017-0465-9 id = cord-022633-fr55uod6 author = nan title = SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date = 2012-04-26 keywords = ACS; AED; Background; COPD; CPR; EMS; ETCO; Emergency; HIV; Hospital; ICU; IQR; LOS; MDD; OHCA; TBI; University; conclusion; datum; group; level; method; objective; patient; rate; result; study; time summary = Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following. doi = 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2012.01332.x id = cord-023095-4dannjjm author = nan title = Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date = 2011-05-03 keywords = ACTH; CHF; CKCS; CKD; DMVD; ECG; ELISA; IBD; PCR; TLR5; University; Veterinary; blood; cat; concentration; day; disease; dna; dog; group; horse; sample; study; test; time; treatment summary = The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of ivabradine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, left atrial (LA) performance, and clinical tolerance in healthy cats after repeated oral doses. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and ECG time intervals to body mass in apparently healthy horses and ponies and to calculate normal ranges for different weight groups. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypercoagulability in PLN dogs based on thromboelastography (TEG), and to determine whether hypercoagulability in these patients could be predicted by clinical assessments that identify systemic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 4 160 mmHg), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin o 2.7 mg/dl), antithrombin activity (o 70%), and degree of proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] ! doi = 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0726.x