id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-306577-gq6fss5l	Hsueh, Wei	Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Clinical Considerations and Pathogenetic Concepts	2002-11-11		.txt	text/plain	8414	453	40	Injection of PAF induces intestinal necrosis, and PAF antagonists prevent the bowel injury induced by bacterial endotoxin, hypoxia, or challenge with tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF) plus endotoxin in adult rats. The initial event in our experimental models of NEC is probably polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) activation and adhesion to venules in the intestine, which initiates a local inflammatory reaction involving proinflammatory mediators including TNF, complement, prostaglandins, and leukotriene C4. We developed a model of bowel necrosis in adult rats and mice by injecting endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) [32] , PAF (platelet-activating factor, paf-acether) [33, 34] , tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF) [35] , or a combination of these agents. Experimental evidence strongly supports the role of PAF, LPS, and TNF in acute ischemic bowel necrosis and in the neonatal rat model of NEC. Hypoxia causes ischemic bowel necrosis in rats: the role of platelet-activating factor (PAF-acether)	./cache/cord-306577-gq6fss5l.txt	./txt/cord-306577-gq6fss5l.txt