id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-279316-xz7aawem	MIZUTANI, T.	Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells	2007-04-23		.txt	text/plain	3156	171	45	Recent studies regarding SARS and SARS‐CoV have clarified that activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays important roles in upregulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. For example, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are well-known signal transducers that respond to extracellular stimulation by cytokines, growth factors, viral infection, and stress, and in turn regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 was phosphorylated in SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells, 27 whereas ERK1/2 was downregulated in N protein-expressing COS-1 cells as described below. Activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and dephosphorylation of STAT3 via p38 MAPK induced by SARS-CoV infection have partially proapoptotic roles in Vero E6 cells. Importance of Akt signaling pathway for apoptosis in SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells	./cache/cord-279316-xz7aawem.txt	./txt/cord-279316-xz7aawem.txt