id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-267134-5gz2dotn Sallenave, Jean-Michel Innate Immune Signaling and Proteolytic Pathways in the Resolution or Exacerbation of SARS-CoV-2 in Covid-19: Key Therapeutic Targets? 2020-05-28 .txt text/plain 5347 239 39 The first anatomical/histological reports from the lungs of severely SARS-CoV-2-affected patients experiencing acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) revealed excessive inflammatory activation and destruction of the bronchial and alveolar epithelium, features already observed during the first SARS pandemics in 2003 (3, 4). The following sections will give an overview of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning SARS-CoV virus infections and how lung and systemic host innate immune responses affect survival either positively, through downregulating the initial viral load, or negatively, by triggering uncontrolled inflammation. Regarding the lung, the differentiated Calu-3 cell line [when cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI)] is the model of choice: in that set-up, SARS-CoV infection triggered an inflammatory response characterized by increased production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and activation of the transcription factor NF-κB (56) . Innate immune response of human alveolar type II cells infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus ./cache/cord-267134-5gz2dotn.txt ./txt/cord-267134-5gz2dotn.txt