id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-287770-oxfnt2n4	Caricati, C. P.	Safety of snake antivenom immunoglobulins: Efficacy of viral inactivation in a complete downstream process	2013-06-27		.txt	text/plain	4776	304	48	title: Safety of snake antivenom immunoglobulins: Efficacy of viral inactivation in a complete downstream process In this article, we used a wide panel of viruses to assess viral removal/inactivation of our downstream process for Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulin (SAI). Among the steps analyzed in the process, phenol addition was the most effective one, followed by heat, caprylic acid, and pepsin. The main steps are cited in sequential order (a) ammonium sulfate precipitation of immunoglobulins, (b) pepsin digestion to obtain F(ab')2 fragments, (c) caprylic acid precipitation of nonimmunoglobulin proteins, (d) heat treatment, (e) ammonium sulfate precipitation of F(ab')2 fragments, (f) tangential filtration, (g) ion-exchange chromatography, (h) tangential filtration, and (i) phenol addition. 34 We found no reports using both viruses as models for viral inactivation concerning the described purification steps. 52, 55 Phenol inactivated both viruses, which indicates that it might also be an effective preservative for human-derived immunoglobulins, when it comes to viral safety.	./cache/cord-287770-oxfnt2n4.txt	./txt/cord-287770-oxfnt2n4.txt